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Journal articles on the topic 'Social media disinformation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wilson, Steven Lloyd, and Charles Wiysonge. "Social media and vaccine hesitancy." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 10 (2020): e004206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206.

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BackgroundUnderstanding the threat posed by anti-vaccination efforts on social media is critically important with the forth coming need for world wide COVID-19 vaccination programs. We globally evaluate the effect of social media and online foreign disinformation campaigns on vaccination rates and attitudes towards vaccine safety.MethodsWeuse a large-n cross-country regression framework to evaluate the effect ofsocial media on vaccine hesitancy globally. To do so, we operationalize social media usage in two dimensions: the use of it by the public to organize action(using Digital Society Projec

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Colley, Thomas, Francesca Granelli, and Jente Althuis. "DISINFORMATION’S SOCIETAL IMPACT: BRITAIN, COVID, AND BEYOND." Defence Strategic Communications, no. 8 (July 3, 2020): 89–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.30966/2018.riga.8.3.

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Disinformation is widely perceived as a profound threat to democracies. The result is an explosion of research on disinformation’s spread and the countermeasures taken against it. Most research has focused on false content spread online. Yet little research has demonstrated the societal impact of disinformation on areas such as trust and social cohesion. Policy responses are mainly based on disinformation’s presumed impact rather than on its actual impact. This paper advances disinformation research by asking how we can assess its impact more productively, and how research could better inform

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Zayeid, Haider Falah. "Advertisements Funded in Social Media Sites and their Relationship to Disinformation Media to the Public." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 5 (2020): 4339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr2020149.

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Mohd Yatid, Moonyati. "Truth Tampering Through Social Media: Malaysia’s Approach in Fighting Disinformation & Misinformation." IKAT : The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 2, no. 2 (2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ikat.v2i2.40482.

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Though poorly defined and highly politicized, the term ‘Fake News’ has beenpopularized by the Trump administration in recent years. Scholars prefer to use terms such as Information Disorder, in particular Disinformation and Misinformation, to discuss this global concern. The dissemination of disinformation and misinformation is not new. However, the penetration of social media and messaging applications today enable such information to spread much faster, deeper and wider. Further, social media and messaging applications have become the public’s source of primary information. These platforms a

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Henderson, Robert D'A. "Pre-Social Media Era Intelligence Disinformation: Libya 1979." International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 28, no. 3 (2015): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850607.2015.992768.

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Dan, Viorela, Britt Paris, Joan Donovan, et al. "Visual Mis- and Disinformation, Social Media, and Democracy." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 98, no. 3 (2021): 641–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10776990211035395.

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Rubin, Victoria L. "Disinformation and misinformation triangle." Journal of Documentation 75, no. 5 (2019): 1013–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-12-2018-0209.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to treat disinformation and misinformation (intentionally deceptive and unintentionally inaccurate misleading information, respectively) as a socio-cultural technology-enabled epidemic in digital news, propagated via social media. Design/methodology/approach The proposed disinformation and misinformation triangle is a conceptual model that identifies the three minimal causal factors occurring simultaneously to facilitate the spread of the epidemic at the societal level. Findings Following the epidemiological disease triangle model, the three interacting cau

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Iosifidis, Petros, and Nicholas Nicoli. "The battle to end fake news: A qualitative content analysis of Facebook announcements on how it combats disinformation." International Communication Gazette 82, no. 1 (2019): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048519880729.

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The recent spread of online disinformation has been profound and has played a central role in the growth of populist sentiments around the world. Facilitating its progression has been politically and economically motivated culprits who have ostensibly taken advantage of the digital freedoms available to them. At the heart of these freedoms lie social media organisations that only a few years earlier techno-optimists were identifying as catalysts of an enhanced digital democracy. In order to curtail the erosion of information, policy reform will no doubt be essential. The UK's Department of Dig

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Chadwick, Andrew, Cristian Vaccari, and Ben O’Loughlin. "Do tabloids poison the well of social media? Explaining democratically dysfunctional news sharing." New Media & Society 20, no. 11 (2018): 4255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818769689.

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The use of social media for sharing political information and the status of news as an essential raw material for good citizenship are both generating increasing public concern. We add to the debates about misinformation, disinformation, and “fake news” using a new theoretical framework and a unique research design integrating survey data and analysis of observed news sharing behaviors on social media. Using a media-as-resources perspective, we theorize that there are elective affinities between tabloid news and misinformation and disinformation behaviors on social media. Integrating four data

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Robinson, Anthony C. "Design, Dissemination, and Disinformation in Viral Maps." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-314-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Social media has made it possible for maps to reach massive audiences outside of traditional media sources. In some cases, social media maps are original designs crafted by users, in other cases they are modified or replicated from previous sources. It is now relatively easy for novice Internet users to create new maps or manipulate existing images, and social media provides a vehicle for these maps to become visible in ways that were simply not possible even a decade ago. In addition, traditional media sources now harvest content from social str

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POPESCU, Maria Magdalena. "MEDIA LITERACY TOOLS IN COMBATING DISINFORMATION AND FAKE NEWS IN SOCIAL MEDIA." SERIES VII - SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LAW 13(62), no. 1 (2020): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2020.13.62.1.11.

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If mainstream media meant one sender and inordinate receivers, nowadays, new media brought the chance and challenge to have numberless senders and receivers at the same time, in a network of information. Along with polyphonic chunks, inaccurate information penetrates the echo-chambers we create. The danger is that unless timely spotted, it sows disinformation and polarization. The solution resides in media literacy skills, in raising awareness over types of communication products meant for malicious use especially within social media where user generated content contributes to proliferating an

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Guelmami, Noomen, Maher Ben Khalifa, Nasr Chalghaf, et al. "Development of the 12-Item Social Media Disinformation Scale and its Association With Social Media Addiction and Mental Health Related to COVID-19 in Tunisia: Survey-Based Pilot Case Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 6 (2021): e27280. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27280.

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Background In recent years, online disinformation has increased. Fake news has been spreading about the COVID-19 pandemic. Since January 2020, the culprits and antidotes to disinformation have been digital media and social media. Objective Our study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of the 12-item Social Media Disinformation Scale (SMDS-12), which assesses the consumption, confidence, and sharing of information related to COVID-19 by social media users. Methods A total of 874 subjects were recruited over two phases: the exploratory phase group had a mean age of 28.39 years

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Gottlieb, Michael, and Sean Dyer. "Information and Disinformation: Social Media in the COVID‐19 Crisis." Academic Emergency Medicine 27, no. 7 (2020): 640–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.14036.

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Maniou, Theodora A. "Digital Democracy, Social Media and Disinformation, Petros Iosifidis and Nicholas Nicoli (2021)." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 12, no. 1 (2021): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00058_5.

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Czerep, Jędrzej. "Social Media Dynamics as A New Factor in African Politics." Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies 12, no. 4. (2019): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/at.2018.12.4.13.

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In the last years, the African political landscape has become increasingly influenced by the effects of the introduction of social media as a major channel for political debate. Apart from democratising the discourse, it has contributed massively to the spread of rumour, hate speech and disinformation, which had significant real-life effects on the ground.

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Lovelace, Kacy, Sabrina Thomas, and Lindsey Harper. "Librarians’ Experiences with Social Media and COVID-19 Misinformation." Journal of Intellectual Freedom & Privacy 5, no. 1 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/jifp.v5i1.7391.

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This article explores our personal experiences with combating misinformation and disinformation about COVID-19 via social media platforms. Next, we describe how sharing our experiences with one another led to the motivation of the current study. Then, we describe the methodology of the present study and examine some of the preliminary results and analysis. Finally, we explore strategies and best practices to mitigate burnout associated with combating COVID-19 misinformation.

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Zhang, Yini, Josephine Lukito, Min-Hsin Su, et al. "Assembling the Networks and Audiences of Disinformation: How Successful Russian IRA Twitter Accounts Built Their Followings, 2015–2017." Journal of Communication 71, no. 2 (2021): 305–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqaa042.

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Abstract This study investigates how successful Russian Internet Research Agency (IRA) Twitter accounts constructed the followings that were central to their disinformation campaigns around the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Treating an account’s social media following as both an ego network and an audience critical for information diffusion and influence accrual, we situate IRA Twitter accounts’ accumulation of followers in the ideologically polarized, attention driven, and asymmetric political communication system. Results show that partisan enclaves on Twitter contributed to IRA accounts’

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Hughes, Heather C., and Israel Waismel-Manor. "The Macedonian Fake News Industry and the 2016 US Election." PS: Political Science & Politics 54, no. 1 (2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096520000992.

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ABSTRACTDuring the 2016 US presidential election, Americans were exposed to an onslaught of disinformation on social media. Many of the most viral posts originated from Veles, a small town in central Macedonia. During fieldwork in Veles, where we interviewed several residents and disinformation creators, we found that the epicenter of this viral phenomenon was Mirko Ceselkoski, an autodidact social media expert, teacher, and mentor to Veles’ fake news operators. We interviewed Ceselkoski and registered and attended his online course—the same course numerous Veles residents took offline. Our re

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Agarwal, Nitin, and Kiran Kumar Bandeli. "Examining Strategic Integration of Social Media Platforms in Disinformation Campaign Coordination." Defence Strategic Communications 4, no. 1 (2018): 173–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30966/2018.riga.4.6.

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Kozłowski, Artur, and Klaudia Skelnik. "Disinformation as a Tool Aimed at Weakening Consolidated Democracies." Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review 5, no. 1 (2020): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53116/pgaflr.2020.1.5.

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This scholarly article indicates threats to the stability of political systems of consolidated democracies resulting from disinformation. The article presents threats resulting from the effects of disinformation in four areas: state, society, politics and law. The authors demonstrate the exposure of society to manipulative effects of fake news, which affects human emotions, reasoning and behaviour due to the use of created images of reality. It has been pointed out that fake news as a targeted manipulation tool, while aiming to achieve its goals, exploits the imperfections of the human mind. F

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Nagasako, Tomoko. "Global disinformation campaigns and legal challenges." International Cybersecurity Law Review 1, no. 1-2 (2020): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s43439-020-00010-7.

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Abstract Recently, some countries have deployed global cyberattacks that not only impose destructive measures on the systems of industries or infrastructures, but also as a type of information warfare, including social networking service (SNS) and other media that affects election results or democratic processes, thereby becoming a threat to democracy. Thus, this kind of operation is recognized as “disinformation.” This paper demonstrates cases of disinformation in cyberspace and focuses on legal problems in international laws and countermeasures taken by legal systems in individual countries.

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Bánkuty-Balogh, Lilla Sarolta. "Novel technologies and Geopolitical Strategies: Disinformation Narratives in the Countries of the Visegrád Group." Politics in Central Europe 17, no. 2 (2021): 165–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2021-0008.

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Abstract In the current media environment of growing information disorder and social media platforms emerging as primary news sources, the creation and spread of disinformation is becoming increasingly easy and cost-effective. The projection of strategic narratives through disinformation campaigns is an important geopolitical tool in the global competition for power and status. We have analysed close to 1,000 individual news pieces from more than 60 different online sources containing disinformation, which originally appeared in one of the V4 languages, using a natural language processing algo

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Mikheev, E. A., and T. A. Nestik. "Disinformation in social networks: current state and perspective research directions." Social Psychology and Society 9, no. 2 (2018): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2018090201.

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Studying problem of disinformation psychology mechanisms (manipulation of in- formation process), including developing in social psychology way — psychology ma- nipulation in social and mass media. Pay attention such psychology effects as mo- tivated reasoning, that confirms preexisting beliefs, normative influence, homophily, polarization (echo-cameras), negative collective emotions. There are not only theoreti- cal discussion, but also Russian and foreigner psychology, sociology, politology, PR and marketing researches. The ways for counteracting online astroturfing are discussed. Also there

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Soares, Felipe Bonow, and Raquel Recuero. "Hashtag Wars: Political Disinformation and Discursive Struggles on Twitter Conversations During the 2018 Brazilian Presidential Campaign." Social Media + Society 7, no. 2 (2021): 205630512110090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051211009073.

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In this article, we analyze the spread of political disinformation in events of discursive struggles on Twitter, during the 2018 presidential election in Brazil. These were disputes for the hegemonic narrative between two stories based on opposed hashtags: one based on news from mainstream media and the other, based on disinformation, mostly from hyperpartisan outlets. Our goal was to understand how hyperpartisan outlets created and shaped these discursive struggles and the strategies used to spread disinformation to create an “alternative narrative” to the facts. Our case study is focused on

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Da Rosa Lazarotto, Barbara. "The impact of disinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic and its regulation by the EU." UNIO – EU Law Journal 6, no. 2 (2020): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.6.2.2765.

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This article aims to point out the main suggestions of regularisation by the European Union of disinformation in the internet. To do so, initially, we will point out what disinformation is and how it became popular through social media. Afterwards, some suggestions for regularization will be listed, along with an assessment of the impact this could have on the fundamental rights of citizens.

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Onuch, Olga, Emma Mateo, and Julian G. Waller. "Mobilization, Mass Perceptions, and (Dis)information: “New” and “Old” Media Consumption Patterns and Protest." Social Media + Society 7, no. 2 (2021): 205630512199965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305121999656.

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When people join in moments of mass protest, what role do different media sources play in their mobilization? Do the same media sources align with positive views of mass mobilizations among the public in their aftermath? And, what is the relationship between media consumption patterns and believing disinformation about protest events? Addressing these questions helps us to better understand not only what brings crowds onto the streets, but also what shapes perceptions of, and disinformation about mass mobilization among the wider population. Employing original data from a nationally representa

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Dias Rovari Cordeiro, Juliana, Alexandre Brasil Carvalho da Fonseca, Elliz Celestrini Mangabeira, Juliana Cintia Lima e Silva, and Aline Guarany Ignacio Lima. "MISINFORMATION IN DIGITAL CULTURE: reflections from Cognitive Democracy and Dialogue between Knowledges." Revista Observatório 6, no. 6 (2020): a10en. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2020v6n6a10en.

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The changes that represent the accessible technology and the use of social networking media in digital culture pose new questions and challenges as we are, at the same time, producers and consumers of information. Disinformation affects public life and threatens democracy. Based on the ideas of Cognitive Democracy (Morin, 2014) and the Knowledge Dialogue (Leff, 2006), we will discuss the theme in the light of an analytical framework of the research “Values and Arguments in the assimilation and propagation of disinformation: a dialogical approach”. Media education appears as a historic and de

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Radu, Roxana. "Fighting the ‘Infodemic’: Legal Responses to COVID-19 Disinformation." Social Media + Society 6, no. 3 (2020): 205630512094819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120948190.

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Online disinformation has been on the rise in recent years. A digital outbreak of disinformation has spread around the COVID-19 pandemic, often referred to as an “infodemic.” Since January 2020, digital media have been both the culprits of and antidotes to misinformation. The first months of the pandemic have shown that countering disinformation online has become as important as ensuring much needed medical equipment and supplies for health workers. For many governments around the world, priority COVID-19 actions included measures such as (a) providing guidance to social media companies on tak

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Procter, Paula M. "Patient Care, Information, Communication and Social Media Influencing Bias—A Discourse." Informatics 8, no. 2 (2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020028.

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Misinformation and disinformation are prevalent across society today, their rise to prominence developed mainly through the expansion of social media. Communication has always been recognised in health and care settings as the most important element between people who are receiving care and those delivering, managing, and evaluating care. This paper, through a discourse approach, will explore communication through the perception of information formed following personal selection of influencers and try to determine how such affects patient care.

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Guarda, Rebeka F., Marcia P. Ohlson, and Anderson V. Romanini. "Disinformation, dystopia and post-reality in social media: A semiotic-cognitive perspective." Education for Information 34, no. 3 (2018): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-180209.

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Al Khaja, Khalid A. J., Alwaleed K. AlKhaja, and Reginald P. Sequeira. "Drug information, misinformation, and disinformation on social media: a content analysis study." Journal of Public Health Policy 39, no. 3 (2018): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41271-018-0131-2.

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Saurwein, Florian, and Charlotte Spencer-Smith. "Combating Disinformation on Social Media: Multilevel Governance and Distributed Accountability in Europe." Digital Journalism 8, no. 6 (2020): 820–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2020.1765401.

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Moyo, Dumisani, Admire Mare, and Hayes M. Mabweazara. "Editorial: Social Media, the Press, and the Crisis of Disinformation in Africa." Communicatio 46, no. 4 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02500167.2020.1862966.

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Moscoso, Lina. "PRODUCTION model of alternative media as democratic solutions to disinformation." Revista Observatório 6, no. 6 (2020): a3en. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2020v6n6a3en.

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Alternative digital media can be examples of ethical journalistic production, insofar as they subsist through the collective funding model and, therefore, must maintain their image before the public. This article analyzes the strategies of alternative media that make them possible ways out of disinformation and fake news. The methodological design includes an analysis of the speeches of interviews carried out with alternative media about strategies for verifying information and models of production and distribution; and observation of social media sites and networks. The study focuses on alter

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Freelon, Deen, Alice Marwick, and Daniel Kreiss. "False equivalencies: Online activism from left to right." Science 369, no. 6508 (2020): 1197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb2428.

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Digital media are critical for contemporary activism—even low-effort “clicktivism” is politically consequential and contributes to offline participation. We argue that in the United States and throughout the industrialized West, left- and right-wing activists use digital and legacy media differently to achieve political goals. Although left-wing actors operate primarily through “hashtag activism” and offline protest, right-wing activists manipulate legacy media, migrate to alternative platforms, and work strategically with partisan media to spread their messages. Although scholarship suggests

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Buchanan, Tom, and Vladlena Benson. "Spreading Disinformation on Facebook: Do Trust in Message Source, Risk Propensity, or Personality Affect the Organic Reach of “Fake News”?" Social Media + Society 5, no. 4 (2019): 205630511988865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305119888654.

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There is considerable concern about the propagation of disinformation through social media, particularly for political purposes. “Organic reach” has been found to be important in the propagation of disinformation on social networks. This is the phenomenon whereby social media users extend the audience for a piece of information: interacting with it, or sharing it with their wider networks, greatly increases the number of people the information reaches. This project evaluated the extent to which characteristics of the message source (how trustworthy they were) and the recipient (risk propensity

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Marshall, Jonathan Paul. "Disinformation Society, communication and cosmopolitan democracy." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 9, no. 2 (2017): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v9i2.5477.

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This paper argues that ‘fake news’ is endemic to ‘information society’ as a whole, not just the internet or news media. It is part of daily experience, generated by established patterns of communication, social group categorisation, framing, and patterns of power. These disruptions are intensified though interacting with the dynamics of information capitalism, which values strategic effectiveness more than accuracy. Assuming democratic cosmopolitan society must have good communication, this paper explores the factors which produce obstacles to such communicative processes, as the patterns whic

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Ohlin, Jens David. "A Roadmap for Fighting Election Interference." AJIL Unbound 115 (2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2020.87.

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If we have learned anything since the 2016 election, it is that foreign election interference is not just a strategic tool used by Russia. Many countries are now using social media disinformation as statecraft to attack democracies. With a relatively small investment of personnel and financial resources, a foreign power can use social media and other online tools to heighten divisions in the electorate, spread disinformation and conspiracy theories, and undermine confidence in the electoral system specifically and democratic institutions generally. The Biden administration should use the moral

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Bastos, Marco, and Dan Mercea. "The public accountability of social platforms: lessons from a study on bots and trolls in the Brexit campaign." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2128 (2018): 20180003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0003.

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In this article, we review our study of 13 493 bot-like Twitter accounts that tweeted during the UK European Union membership referendum debate and disappeared from the platform after the ballot. We discuss the methodological challenges and lessons learned from a study that emerged in a period of increasing weaponization of social media and mounting concerns about information warfare. We address the challenges and shortcomings involved in bot detection, the extent to which disinformation campaigns on social media are effective, valid metrics for user exposure, activation and engagement in the

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Nguyen, Hoa, and An Nguyen. "Covid-19 Misinformation and the Social (Media) Amplification of Risk: A Vietnamese Perspective." Media and Communication 8, no. 2 (2020): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.3227.

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The amplification of Coronavirus risk on social media sees Vietnam falling volatile to a chaotic sphere of mis/disinformation and incivility, which instigates a movement to counter its effects on public anxiety and fear. Benign or malign, these civil forces generate a huge public pressure to keep the one-party system on toes, forcing it to be unusually transparent in responding to public concerns.

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Wogu, Ikedinachi Ayodele Power, Sharon Nanyongo N. Njie, Jesse Oluwafemi Katende, George Uzoma Ukagba, Morris Oziegbe Edogiawerie, and Sanjay Misra. "The Social Media, Politics of Disinformation in Established Hegemonies, and the Role of Technological Innovations in 21st Century Elections." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 16, no. 3 (2020): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.2020070104.

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Deep concerns about the rise in the number of technological innovations used for perpetrating viral dissemination of disinformation, via major social media platforms during multiparty elections, have been expressed. As strategy scholars observe, it is inimical to democratic systems whose election results are questioned by reason of faulty electoral processes. The Marxian alienation theory and Marilyn's ex-post facto research designs were used for evaluating the consequences of adopting political disinformation strategies (PDS) as tools for manipulation, via innovative artificial intelligent te

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Kholit, Noviar Jamaal, and Muhamad Nastain. "Mapping of data communication networks on social media." INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication) 5, no. 2 (2021): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/inject.v5i2.143-162.

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Information technology is developing very fast, this has an impact on real changes in every element of life. In addition to hitting the information media industry, developments in information technology have brought updates to public spaces with easy access and an increasingly massive pattern of information distribution. Ease of access does not always present a positive side but there is a negative side, namely shifting communication patterns with the spread of false information or disinformation methods that invite public upheaval. This research uses the case study method, which is one way to

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Rodríguez-Pérez, Carlos, Francisco J. Paniagua-Rojano, and Raúl Magallón-Rosa. "Debunking Political Disinformation through Journalists’ Perceptions: An Analysis of Colombia’s Fact-Checking News Practices." Media and Communication 9, no. 1 (2021): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3374.

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Fact-checking alliances emerged worldwide to debunk political disinformation in electoral contexts because of social concerns related to information authenticity. This study, thus, included the Latin American context in fact-checking journalism studies as a journalistic practice to fight political disinformation. Through analyzing RedCheq, the first fact-checking journalism alliance in an electoral regional context led by Colombiacheck, 11 in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the perceptions of regional fact-checkers regarding the usefulness of this journalistic practice, its achieve

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Tandoc, Edson C., Darren Lim, and Rich Ling. "Diffusion of disinformation: How social media users respond to fake news and why." Journalism 21, no. 3 (2019): 381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884919868325.

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This exploratory study seeks to understand the diffusion of disinformation by examining how social media users respond to fake news and why. Using a mixed-methods approach in an explanatory-sequential design, this study combines results from a national survey involving 2501 respondents with a series of in-depth interviews with 20 participants from the small but economically and technologically advanced nation of Singapore. This study finds that most social media users in Singapore just ignore the fake news posts they come across on social media. They would only offer corrections when the issue

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Tynes, Brendesha, Ashley Stewart, Matthew Hamilton, and Henry Willis. "From Google Searches to Russian Disinformation: Adolescent Critical Race Digital Literacy Needs and Skills." International Journal of Multicultural Education 23, no. 1 (2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v23i1.2463.

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This study uses a Critical Race Digital Literacy framework to examine Black and Latinx adolescents’ ability to critically evaluate race-related materials online. Participants completed four tasks that required them to engage with a range of race-related material, from search results to social media content. Findings indicate that the majority of participants demonstrated an “emerging” or “mastery” level understanding of search results and determining the trustworthiness of websites. Participants found evaluating the credibility of Twitter content as well as evaluating a Russian disinformation

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Palomo, Bella, and Jon Sedano. "Cross-Media Alliances to Stop Disinformation: A Real Solution?" Media and Communication 9, no. 1 (2021): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3535.

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Social networks have surpassed their intermediary role and become gatekeepers of online content and traffic. This transformation has favored the spread of information disorders. The situation is especially alarming in Spain, where 57% of Spaniards have at some moment believed false news. Since 2016, First Draft has promoted several collaborative verification projects that brought together newsrooms to fact-check false, misleading and confusing claims circulating online during presidential elections in several countries. The main objective of this article is to study the collaboration forged be

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Kobernjuk, Anna, and Agnes Kasper. "Normativity in the EU’s Approach towards Disinformation." TalTech Journal of European Studies 11, no. 1 (2021): 170–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2021-0011.

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Abstract With the rapid growth of disinformation, two major steps were taken to battle the phenomenon in the online environment—first on the global level, and second on the European Union level. The first step is the Joint Declaration on Freedom of Expression and “Fake News”, Disinformation and Propaganda, which provides a general overview of possible actions to be taken to fight disinformation, and how “things should be”. The steps are connected to following human rights standards, promoting the diversity of media, and paying special attention to intermediaries and media outlets. The second o

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Ascott, Tom. "Microfake: How small-scale deepfakes can undermine society." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 11, no. 2 (2020): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00018_1.

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Advances in deepfake technology have led to the emergence of a new picture of how doctored material will be used in disinformation campaigns. While safeguards ensure that manipulated videos may not be such a problem at the highest levels of security and defence, lower levels ‐ such as local elections ‐ remain vulnerable to malign actors. At such levels, deepfakes can be distributed using social media channels to target unsuspecting victims. Current solutions only protect individuals who are prominent enough to be covered by the mainstream media, and not enough is being done by governments or s

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Lee, Antony. "Online Hoaxes, Existential Threat, and Internet Shutdown: A Case Study of Securitization Dynamics in Indonesia." Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities 10, no. 1 (2020): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v10i1.156.

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As one of the countries in the world with the highest growth of internet users, Indonesia is experiencing a rapid growth in social media usage. Some use social media for networking but some others use it to spread hoaxes, fake information, or disinformation. During presidential election in Indonesia in the period from 2017 to 2019, hoaxes and disinformation were widely circulated through social media and instant messaging. This phenomenon has triggered heated public debates on the nexus between digital spaces and security, which include how the online disinformation has threatened Indonesian s

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Mejova, Yelena, Marinella Petrocchi, and Carolina Scarton. "Special Issue on Disinformation, Hoaxes and Propaganda within Online Social Networks and Media." Online Social Networks and Media 23 (May 2021): 100132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.osnem.2021.100132.

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