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Abrache, Cassandra. "Crisis Communication Management: -A Case Study of Oxfam’s 2018 Credibility Crisis." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75154.
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The growth of social media has set demands on organizations to be online and interact with stakeholders, especially during a crisis. The public are no longer seen as passive receivers of marketing messages. Previous studies have shown that the need for information increases during a crisis. Social media can be a powerful tool if is used strategically. This case study looks deeper into Oxfam’s 2018 Haiti sexual exploitation scandal, as an attempt to understand how organizations communicate on social media during a crisis. By co-applying multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) and the social-mediated crisis communication (SMCC) model, a broader understanding of how the crisis was handled can be developed. The data consists of four Instagram posts that will be analyzed, drawing upon four multimodal frameworks from Machin (2017): Iconography: the ‘hidden meanings’ of images; The meaning of color in visual design; The meaning of typography; and Representation of social actors in images. In order to obtain a broader picture of the strategies, key public and relationships, the components of the SMCC model will be identified and presented for this case. The result of this study shows that multiple response strategies have been used to communicate both tailored messages and unified organizational messages. It is apparent that Oxfam did not have a clear strategy and altered between apologizing, “blaming” individuals within the organization and distancing themselves from the crisis.
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Bazydlo, Nadia, and Sofia Wallin. "A lifebuoy that supports in deep water : A qualitative case study investigating how an external actor can support an organisation in crisis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324823.
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Problem Crisis management has never been as important as it is today. Considering that criticism is being spread in a fast pace through social media, the reputation of an organisation can quickly be damaged. Several organisations however lack internal knowledge about crisis management. The majority of the previous research about crisis management has been conducted from the organisations’ perspective. There is however relatively little research done from an external actor’s role in supporting an organisation in crisis. Purpose This study aims to contribute in the crisis management and communication field by investigating how an external actor can support an organisation in crisis. Method The study was conducted through a qualitative single case study of crisis management support provided to firms by one external actor, a PR-agency. Primary data for the case was collected from six semi-structured interviews. Conclusion External actors are a suitable helping hand in crises because they possess experience and knowledge in media and crisis communication and can view the situation objectively. Crisis consultants support their clients by providing a response strategy that is built on being honest and open. Proactive and post work are not prioritised by clients but are highly important for crisis preparedness and building a strong reputation. Social media is a standard part of today’s crisis communication but is also a demanding channel that creates incentives for hiring external support.
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Osseyran, Anna Caroline, and Filip Wallin. "Sociala medier som kommunikationskanal : Vad krävs för en lyckad kriskommunikation?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-340610.
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På senare år har det skett en förändring av medielandskapet. De traditionella medierna har fått konkurrens i form av de sociala medierna som snabbt har växt fram och börjat ta plats. Detta har även ställt nya krav på hur företag framställer och hanterar sin kriskommunikation i samband med kris. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilka faktorer som idag är av betydelse för svenska företag i kriskommunikation genom sociala medier. För att undersöka detta har vi genomfört en empirisk studie. Studien grundar sig dels i en teoretisk modell inom kriskommunikation samt ett antal påverkansfaktorer på kriskommunikation i sociala medier. Datainsamlingen har skett genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med experter inom krishantering och kriskommunikation. I studien framkom ett antal centrala faktorer som företag idag bör beakta vid kriskommunikation genom sociala medier. Dessa faktorer är ägarskap av egna kanaler och budskap, tidspress på kriskommunikation, en låg trovärdighet samt ett hätskt medielandskap. Genom att ha kännedom av faktorerna kan företag lyckas bättre med sin kriskommunikation genom sociala medier.
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Bottomley, John Arthur. "A mediated crisis : news and the national mind /." Bottomley, John Arthur (2008) A mediated crisis: news and the national mind. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/446/.
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The thesis examines a mediated crisis and how The Straits Times and The Australian approach the reporting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). It looks at how this mediated crisis exemplifies the culture of the national newspaper and in turn how the national newspaper has an historical influence on the national psyche. A total of 649 reports and headlines and 141 letters about SARS in The Straits Times (including The Straits Time Interactive) were examined from April 2003 to November 2003 as were 125 headlines from The Australian.
The early sections of the thesis discuss how a crisis makes news; examine how the media report a crisis and what emphasis is given to aspects such as: actors, primary definers, vocabulary, lexical choices, subjects, themes, issues and value dimension or stance. The first chapter defines crisis, journalism and crisis journalism and discusses where the latter sits within the continuing expansion and development of major theoretical frameworks, including living in a risk society. The implication here is that crisis and risk have a symbiotic relationship.
Historical perspectives of news are discussed in Chapter 2, and the newspaper is placed within the context of contemporary media. The chapter discusses how newspapers are aligned with the concept of the national mind and demonstrates the roles and formations of the two newspapers in relation to the SARS crisis.
Chapter 3 codes the headlines, article titles and subtitles of The Straits Times and The Australian and using content analysis of the headlines, analyses the reporting of a serious health crisis SARS that lasted from March to November, 2003. The quantification within content analysis enables a researcher to read and interpret questions that relate to the intensity of meaning in texts, their social impact, the relationships between media texts and the realities and representations they reflect (Hansen et al, 1998). The theory and method of content analysis is used in this chapter to consider differences between The Straits Times and The Australian and to exemplify the media's representation of the narratives of SARS as it happened in the countries of Singapore and Australia.
Aspects of crisis and risk, the newspaper and the national mind, narratives, presentations, and post SARS events are discussed in the last chapter. It is concluded from these discussions there is a world narrative that tells the story of how the human condition likes to live and rely on a safe social environment always being available. The relationship between a mediated crisis and risk are also discussed. In addition, it is maintained that reporting in 2003 was not just about SARS but a way of reporting that allowed one to view journalism as an aid to good governance, particularly with regard to living in a risk and crisis-ridden society.
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Rajendran, Gnanathusharan. "Computer-mediated communication in autism." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12030/.
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The aim of this thesis was to examine linguistic and social processing in autism and Asperger syndrome (AS), through computer-mediated communication. The first investigation used conversational analysis, on a corpus of computer-mediated dialogue, generated by two adults with AS. The results revealed that one of the two individuals had problems asking questions. Hence, an inability to ask questions may be one aspect of AS communication, though it may be not universal in this population. The second study used a computer program called Bubble Dialogue (Gray, Creighton, McMahon & Cunningham, 1991) to investigate the working understanding of nonliteral language and responses to inappropriate requests in individuals with AS and high-functioning autism (HFA). The AS/HFA group showed poorer understanding of a figure of speech and were more likely to consent to socially inappropriate requests compared to their typically developing peers. In contrast, understanding of sarcasm was predicted neither by verbal ability, executive ability nor clinical diagnosis. The results suggest that having AS/HFA does not, a priori, dispose someone to having problems with communication and socialisation, and that verbal ability protects the individual to a certain extent. Additionally, executive ability also seems important in mediating socialisation and communication ability. The third experiment tested the hypothesis that an autistic preference for internet-based communication may be due to the absence of verbal and non verbal cues, physical distance, and slower rate of information exchange through that medium. To test this, participants worked out predetermined map routes by asking the experimenter closed questions either via text chat, or through telephone conversations. An initial examination of the results suggested that AS performance may in fact have been better via the telephone. However, a detailed look at the strategies employed by some individuals with AS suggests that their executive problems may have resulted in their use of a less than systematic way to solve the task in both media. The results of this study also indicate a relation between executive and mentalising ability because both are required to solve the task. Interestingly, many of the participants with AS could generate novel closed questions to successfully solve the map task in both media, though they were slower than controls. Using computer mediated communication has therefore given us greater detail into the nature of, and the factors that influence, communication in autism.
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Hsu, Yi-Shan. "Corporate social responsibility and crisis communication Nike Taiwan Jordan crisis vs. Paolyta Bullwild crisis /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014541.
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Karahalios, Kyratso G. 1972. "Social catalysts : embracing communication in mediated spaces." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28779.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-108).<br>Mediated communication between public spaces is a relatively new concept. One current example of this interaction is video conferencing among people within the same organization. Large scale video-conferencing walls have begun to appear in public or semi-public areas, such as workplace lobbies and kitchens. These connections provide a link via audio and/or video to another public space within the organization. When placed in public or semi-public work spaces, they are often designed for casual encounters among people within that community. Thus far, communicating via these systems has not met expectations. Some drawbacks to such systems have been lack of privacy, gaze ambiguity, spatial incongruity, and fear of appearing too social in a work environment. In this thesis we explore a different goal and approach to linking public spaces. We are not creating a substitute for face-to-face interaction, but rather new modes of conversational and physical interaction within this blended space. This is accomplished through the introduction of what we are defining as a social catalyst. We address the need for designs best suited for linking public spaces and present a series of design criteria for incorporating mediated communication between public and semi-public spaces.<br>Kyratso G. Karahalios.<br>Ph.D.
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Pérsigo, Patrícia Milano. "ENTRE A CRISE E A NOTÍCIA: AS ESTRATÉGIAS ORGANIZACIONAIS DA AIR FRANCE E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO ACONTECIMENTO VOO 447 PELA MÍDIA IMPRESSA BRASILEIRA E FRANCESA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6309.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This dissertation studies the strategies of an organization under a crisis situation in the construction of a journalistic occurrence in a mediatized society. There are constant challenges to be overcome by
organizations, visibility processes are constantly being changed by new technologies advent, changes in the media s role and the appropriation of their approaches by various social fields on their daily practices. This are just some changes which require reflection about crisis management strategies adopted until nowadays. The organizational crises present themselves as very explored occurrences by
the media. These events are characterized by the disruption of everyday s life, mainly by its
unpredictability, that's the fact that arouses wide interest in the media field. With the method of
content analysis (Bardin, 1977) we adopted as our empirical object the crisis faced by Air France with
the tragedy of Flight 447, analyzing news in Folha de São Paulo and Le Monde s newspapers. Thus, we persue to study the impact of this crisis in French and Brazilian media, to verify the sources used by the media in the occurrence construction, as well as the position given to the organization in the news published, identifying the organization's strategies to mitigate the incident, and understanding the strategic nature of the interface press -company in crisis situations in news production. So, as a result of this research, we concluded that in this crisis the organization has adopted and maintained a concise
and objective position in addition to technical measures taken to circumvent the situation. This triggered another kind of relationship with the media, where what was witnessed was not an Air France's image crisis, but on the other hand, the occurrence "447" was explored as a tragedy. So, what stands out in this scenario is that between the crisis and the news, the news prevailed.<br>Esta dissertação estuda as estratégias de uma organização em situação de crise na construção do acontecimento jornalístico em uma sociedade midiatizada. São constantes os desafios a serem superados pelas organizações. Os processos de visibilidade foram e continuam sendo alterados pelo
advento de novas tecnologias, a transformação do papel da mídia na sociedade atual e a apropriação de suas lógicas pelos diversos campos sociais em suas práticas cotidianas são apenas algumas mudanças que demandam questionar e refletir sobre estratégias de gestão de crises adotadas até hoje. As crises organizacionais se apresentam como acontecimentos jornalísticos bastante explorados pelos veículos de comunicação. Esses acontecimentos se caracterizam pela ruptura do cotidiano, sendo marcados principalmente pelo seu caráter de imprevisibilidade e pelo amplo interesse que desperta no campo midiático. A partir do método da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977), adota-se como objeto
empírico a crise enfrentada pela Air France com a queda do voo AF 447 nos jornais A Folha de São Paulo e Le Monde. Assim, busca-se analisar a repercussão da crise em questão na mídia impressa brasileira e francesa, verificar quais as fontes utilizadas pela mídia na construção do acontecimento,
bem como a posição dada à organização nas notícias publicadas sobre esta crise, identificar as estratégias da organização para amenizar o ocorrido e compreender o caráter estratégico da interface empresa-imprensa em situações de crise no processo de construção do acontecimento. Dessa forma, como resultado da pesquisa, conclui-se que nesta crise a organização adotou e manteve um posicionamento conciso e objetivo, além de ter tomado as medidas técnicas cabíveis para contornar a situação. Esse fato desencadeou um outro tipo de relacionamento da mídia para com a empresa, no qual o que se presenciou não foi uma crise de imagem da Air France, ou seja, no acontecimento AF
447 , a característica mais explorada foi a da tragédia. Sendo assim, o que se destaca nesse cenário é que, entre a crise e a notícia, prevaleceu a notícia.
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Gannon, Patrick J. "The impact of social media on crisis communication." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/775.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of social media on crisis communication. To evaluate this impact, a case study method was utilized examining the crisis communication response of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on April 20, 2010. This study focused on the response of the responsible party, British Petroleum, and the general public over three social media: Facebook, Twitter, and blogs. Through extensive analysis of both the company's and public response to the Gulf spill, nine implications were identified regarding social media's influence on crisis communication.
These implications highlighted the potential for organizations to build interpersonal relationships with its publics. These relationships were found to be crucial in times of crises. The implications of this study also pointed to interactivity, using a "human voice," trust, and credibility as crucial factors in building these relationships and leading an effective crisis response across social media. This study also noted the new stress for organization's to respond quickly to crises as a result of instant news brought by social media. Implications of this study also highlighted social media's influence on
individuals becoming contributing members of a crisis response. While social media has influenced the practice of crisis communication in many ways, this study found that the principles and ethics of the field have remained the same. In conclusion, analysis suggests that BP neglected using social media in its crisis response, a channel which has entered the mainstream of crisis communication. As a result, this study recommends the use of social media before, during, and after a crisis to ensure the welfare of a company and its relationship with its publics.
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Murphy, Kayla Christine. "Ethical crisis communication on social media| Combining situational crisis communication theory, stakeholder theory, & Kant's categorical imperatives." Thesis, Gonzaga University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600336.
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<p> This guide was created to serve as a tool for crisis communications to assist in crafting ethical responses to crises using social media as the primary communications channel. The guide combines Stakeholder Theory (Freeman, 1984)—a management theory that focuses on the importance of different groups of people, not just shareholders—with Situational Crisis Communication (Coombs, 2007). The guide also adheres to two of Kant’s Categorical Imperatives as the ethical basis and marker. To create the guide, the author relied on archival, or documentary, research to provide the background information and theory to inform the creation of the guide. The guide is broken up into four parts—an overview of crisis communication, pre-crisis planning, active crisis communication, and post-crisis communication/reputation rebuilding. The guide is meant to be used as a tool, and is not an exhaustive how-to for handling a crisis.</p>
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Giblin, Patrick J. "Social media's impact on higher education crisis communication plans." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/776.
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Using case study methods, four crises that were reported in the past 36 months were examined to see if university officials modified established crisis communication plans to better respond to messages and rumors on social networking. Two of the crises dealt with safety issues and two were reputational crises designed to discredit the institution. Four communication professionals were also interviewed for their opinions about social networking use during crises. The study concludes that universities should adopt a social networking aspect into crisis communication plans, including preauthorizing specific types of messages to be released during the first few minutes of a crisis without review from higher administrators. A model of this new crisis communication plan is included. Social media use is also recommended during other stages of a crisis to better inform the community of what is happening on a campus.
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Bair, Adam R. "From Crisis to Crisis: A Big Data, Antenarrative Analysis of How Social Media Users Make Meaning During and After Crisis Events." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5045.
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This dissertation examines how individuals use social media to respond to crisis situations, both during and after the event. Using both rhetorical criticism and David Boje’s theories and concepts regarding the development of antenarrative—a process of making sense of past, present, and future events—I explored how social media users make sense of and respond to a crisis. Specifically, my research was guided by three major questions: Are traditional, pre-social media image-repair strategies effective in social media environments? How do participants use social media in crisis events, and how does this usage shape the rhetorical framing of a crisis? How might organizations effectively adapt traditional crisis communication plans to be used in social media during future crisis events?
These questions were applied to four case studies to provide a range of insights about not only how individuals respond to a crisis, but also what strategies organizations use to present information about it. These cases were carefully selected to include a variety of crisis types and responses and include the following: A business (H&R Block) communicating to clients about a software error A governmental organization (the NTSB) presenting information about the cause of an airplane crash and about missteps in its response A governmental group (the CDC) responding to a global health crisis with various audiences and types of responses An activist movement (Black Lives Matter) attempting to unify social media users to lobby for change and highlight the scope of the issues to the nation
Analyses of these cases not only show how individuals and groups used social media to make sense of crisis events, but also how the rhetorical strategies used to respond to a crisis situation. Understanding how individuals and groups make sense of crises will provide additional understanding to information designers, public relations professionals, organizations and businesses, and individuals using social media to effect change.
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Xenias, Dimitrios. "Social context and facial behaviour in video-mediated communication." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/49400/.
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Bloxham, Emily. "Parent-mediated interventions for children with social-communication difficulties." Thesis, Bangor University, 2015. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/parentmediated-interventions-for-children-with-socialcommunication-difficulties(2d90c9e5-3402-437a-9572-85c1048a42cc).html.
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This thesis examines parent-mediated interventions for children at risk for and diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across three papers. The first paper is a narrative literature review, evaluating parent-mediated early interventions (PMEI) for children up to the age of three years in terms of behaviours related to synchrony. The review identifies specific parent and child behaviours that are targets in diverse interventions. It integrates quantitative and qualitative evidence, and summarises evidence suggesting that PMEIs increase synchrony in parent-child dyads with children at risk for and children diagnosed with ASD. The second paper is a qualitative empirical study, examining parents’ experiences of participating in a parent-mediated intervention, using an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) methodology. Seven mothers and one father of children with socialcommunication impairments were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Four interrelated themes were identified: The Parent-Child Relationship theme described parents’ experience of relational and affective changes in the parent-child relationship over time. The impact of experiencing specific aspects of the process of participating in PACT emerged as the theme Expectations and Processes. Parents’ described participating in PACT evoked significant negative feelings as a result of knowledge gained through PACT (Heartbreak, Failure, and Guilt). Growth of Understanding captured parents’ experience of learning and a sense of empowerment. By taking a qualitative approach this study focused on the process issues rather than the outcomes of the intervention. The third paper integrates findings from the literature review and the empirical study, and discusses implications for theory, future research and clinical practice. This paper also includes personal reflections on the research process.
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Eljarn, Hatana Hannan. "Computer mediated communication, social networking sites & maintaining relationships." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/computer-mediated-communication-social-networking-sites-and-maintaining-relationships(14a3c8f9-a6a7-4acd-833f-42b4c9b9bc7d).html.
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The past decade has witnessed a proliferation of internet use for socialising with dedicated websites such as Facebook, and also for maintaining relationships using computer mediated communication. Individuals can extend the boundary associated with traditional forms of communication, and use technology to meet strangers online to share interests, or maintain existing relationships remotely. One of the most significant functions of computer-mediated communication (CMC) is its contribution to the evolution of social communication. CMC is “communication that takes place between human beings via the instrumentality of computers” (Thurlow, Lengel, & Tomic, 2004). As a consequence of the convenience and flexibility that this channel provides, CMC can be effectively used to orchestrate a variety of communication situations. Furthermore, social networks sites are becoming the choice in which individuals are maintaining relationships or meeting new people. The potential distinctions between these relationships and their offline counterparts remain contradictory. Online relationships may face different challenges, such as anonymity, restricted interaction (Walther, 1992), and the lack of physical presence. For example, sharing activities online such as playing games or visiting Web sites together differs from offline activities, such as going to the movies or dining together. These observations question whether CMC relationships have any parallels with real world relationships. Dunbar (1992) structured real world relationship by strength of ties and formulated the social brain hypothesis (SBH). This work uses the SBH as an interpretive lens in analyzing CMC relationship ties. Thus, a major focus of this work is to investigate implications of the SBH (Dunbar, 1992) within the context of CMC usage. It is recognised that CMC allows for the maintenance of a large number of friendships. Thus potentially, the use of CMC could alter the SBH ratios. Within the main findings consistency with SBH was found. Furthermore, CMC has many parallels with real world communication methods. Face-to-face communications were strongly preferred for maintenance of strong ties. Also phone usage was analysed and identified as an indicator of strong tie relationships, for both local and distant communications. The findings also address questions on displaced communities communication habits and their use of CMC. The phone was found to be most popular media and culture had a strong influence on communication content. The research used a mixed method approach, combining data collection via questionnaires, semi structured interviews and a diary study completed by participants. Based on the findings, a framework is proposed categorising groups on their level of real world socialising and CMC use. There are four essential contributions impacting on current theory. The findings offer new knowledge within the research of CMC and relationship maintenance theory. In our understanding these exploratory questions have not yet been addressed and therefore the findings of this research project are significant in their contributions.
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Więckowska, Natalia Joanna, and Roxana Stefania Danila. "Being social when crisis knocks : Why and how companies use social media to communicate in a time of crisis." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18403.
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Over the past years communication patterns have been changing continuously due toincreased public demand for information and knowledge. Numerous social networks andwebsites have escalated and gained the attention of the academics and practitioners, as wellas the business society. Previously scholars researched this field of interest from differentperspectives. Thus it could be stated that the emphasis was put on the impact of the certainsocial media networks in terms of communication strategy. However, no holistic approachhas been noticed in regards to why and how companies can use different mediasimultaneously in order to overcome a crisis situation. This research is aimed at filling thegap within existing literature. This thesis complements the previous studies and provides a broader understanding uponthe role of social media in the crisis communication process by the use of the triangulationmethod. This approach refers to the implementation of both quantitative and qualitativestudies based on a questionnaire addressed to various organisations and by observing theactions taken by the company currently facing the crisis situation. The empirical findingsprovided concrete data on why companies use social media and how they can be deployedto communicate with the large audience during turbulent times. The conducted study revealed that even if social media plays an important role in thecommunication and information sharing, traditional media is still perceived as moretrustworthy by the organisations. Therefore, companies in crisis should combine the use ofthese two kinds of media in their corrective actions taken in order to regain public trust andovercome the crisis.
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Roberts, Holly Ann. "ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND SENSEMAKING DURING A CASCADING CRISIS: TOKYO DISNEY AND THE 2011 JAPAN EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI/NUCLEAR CRISIS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/3.
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This study examines the connection between organizational crisis communication and sensemaking. In particular, the research focuses on messages of instructing, adjusting and reputation management and the use of social media in distributing these messages through and by the Tokyo Disney Resort during the earthquake/tsunami/nuclear crisis that hit Japan in 2011. Case study methods are used to analyze news coverage, Twitter and YouTube videos, informed by personal interviews and documentation related to the crisis and the Tokyo Disney Resort. The analysis found that the Tokyo Disney Resort provided messages of instructing, adjusting and reputation management in order to effectively foster the sensemaking process, which was corroborated by personal communication with cast members. Messages of instruction were delivered regularly through a park-wide speaker system and cast members who also provided instruction to minimize harm. Adjusting information was evident in effectively taking care of guests’ physical and psychological needs through provision of food, water, blankets, etc. and by keeping them updated about the status of the outside world. Finally, messages of reputation management were apparent in the Resort’s willingness to put people above profit by sacrificing food, products and money to help victims of the disaster.
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Zhou, Hengyu, and 周恒宇. "Cyber micropower: a new perspective of computer-mediated communication research." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47752749.
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The relationship between Internet technology and human beings has been the main focus in the realm of Internet study. Those studies, generally speaking, either paid attention to the political, economical and social influences of the burgeoning Internet technology on human society, or focusing on the changing of human behavior, attitudes and psychological conditions in the Internet technological environment. Lacking of considering the core nature of Internet technology, most of studies, though proposed many insightful arguments, cannot explain why and in what way the Internet has such great influences on human beings.
Since the Internet technology constructed the cyberspace, its relationship with human beings has been undoubtedly influenced by the inherent nature of the Internet. Examining the intrinsic nature and the bias of Internet technology, this study proposes the concept of cyber-micropower to describe the power relationships in the Internet field, and explores the origins of cyber-micropower. By investigating the formation and operational mechanism of the three kinds of cyber-micropower – information micropower, context micropower and subject micropower, this study provides a new analytical framework to the Internet study as well as understanding various cyberspace phenomena.
The qualitative methods, especially critical literature research, online participant observation, and oral history are adopted to make thick description of various online phenomena, get empirical online data and develop the key concept of cyber-micropower. Particularly, the formation of information micropower is examined through the phenomenon of online free. Based on the analysis of online virtual identity, the formation process of context micropower and subject micropower can be developed. Then, the operational mechanism of cyber-micropower was mainly investigated through human flesh searching phenomenon.
Briefly, this study argues that the bias of Internet technology is liquidity. As the core features of the Internet, both digitalization and networking of information directly reflect the widespread requiring for liquidity. This liquid Internet plays the role by empowering cyber subjects. Cyber-micropower, then, is the liquid networking relations among cyber subjects. During online interactions and the Internet use, cyber subjects always tend to make surveillance and self-surveillance, restriction and self-restriction, group participating and other ways, through which cyber subjects adapted to the new liquid cyber contexts and relations, as well as positioning their own locations in the liquid network. This new liquid disciplinary model in the “many watch the many” kind of cyberspace is the operational mechanism of cyber-micropower. Accordingly, disciplined cyber subjects and cyber conditions are like numerous panopticons superimposed together.
Then, this study further argues that with the development of Internet technology, the liquid may be faster, and a larger scale of digitalization and intensive networking will follow. Such trends, though may liberate human beings initially, will go beyond humans’ ultimate state in the end. The liquid nature of information restricts cyber subjects’ ability of self-reflexive and understanding. And the liquid cyberspace may promote multiple and unstable virtual identities. As a result, cyber subjects’ cyber-micropower will become more fragile and sensitive. And the human nature may also be networked and liquefied gradually. Yet, when human beings become numerous nodes in the liquid network, not only their traditional ethics and morality are in the danger of reversing, but also the meaning of humans’ existence may be challenged.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Linguistics<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Norton, Aaron Michael. "Technology mediated communication in intimate relationships." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18126.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Family Studies and Human Services<br>Joyce Baptist<br>Very little research has been conducted to understand how the technology revolution has changed and impacted couple relationships. The proposed study examined the impact of technology on couples in committed relationships through the lens of the couple and technology framework. Specifically, this study used data from 2,826 European couples to examine associations between online boundary crossing, online intrusion, relationship satisfaction, and partner responsiveness. The results suggest that when participants’ reported that their partner checked up on their online activities more frequently that this was linked with lower scores on relationship satisfaction and partner responsiveness. Also, decreased scores for relationship satisfaction and partner responsiveness were associated with increased acceptance for their partner using the Internet to talk with someone attractive about everyday life or pop culture, personal information, and relationship troubles or concerns. Lastly, the results suggest that men, but not women, who reported greater acceptability for online boundary crossing were more likely to have partners who reported lower relationship satisfaction in their relationships. Implications for clinicians, relationship educators, and researchers are discussed.
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Alder, Simone. "CoMIC : an exploration into computer-mediated intercultural communication." Scholarly Commons, 2001. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/682.
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Stránská, Adriana. "Crisis Management on the social network Facebook." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192424.
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The aim of the following thesis was to create a set of principles for crisis communication on Facebook. Presence in social media has become a standard part of any promotional mix. However, not every company fully recognizes the advantages and drawbacks of this tool. Once something goes wrong, the reputation of a company can be seriously endangered. The potential harm grows, when dealing with the issue is presented publicly. The thesis provides an analysis of how the emergence of social media changed the classical PR and a theoretical frame for a company's communication in case of negative publicity. In the analytical part two surveys were conducted, one within consumers to analyze their attitude towards making complaints on Facebook and the other one with social media experts by discussing their experience and opinions on this issue. Based on these findings, a set of 10 recommendations for crises on Facebook were formulated.
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Methawut, Elena. "The effect of computer mediated communication to communication patterns." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2644.
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Computer mediated communication (CMC) fundamentally influences the function of communication. It influences the organization's management and administration, but it most affects the dynamics of middle and lower level employees. The most simplistic model is that of an electronic office in which its employees need to know and understand the role of CMC. The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance and satisfaction of co-workers who use CMC to communicate within their organization, and to check employees' performance when using CMC.
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Wedlock, Brad C. "The Diffusion of Social Media in Public Relations| Use of Social Media In Crisis Response Strategies." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1557580.
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<p> The goal of this study was to determine how the Acadiana cultural region (St. Martin, St. Landry, Acadia, Vermillion, Lafayette and Iberia parishes) used social media in crisis response strategies. The researcher used a purposive sample and qualitative long interviews to gather data from six public relations practitioners in Acadiana. Practitioners were selected from the Lafayette Chamber of Commerce website in the section labeled "Advertising & Media" (http://business.lafchamber.org/list/ql/advertising-media-1). Results proved the hypotheses that practitioners used Twitter for the dissemination of information and Facebook was perceived to have the most interaction among all social media sites in the study. In addition, the results determined how practitioners used social media in the following categories and themes: usability, service and frequency.</p>
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Patashnick, Matthew J. "Social media and crisis communication| Supporting best practice on university campuses." Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10158525.
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<p> The primary purpose of this study was the exploration of social media utility as a crisis communication practice on three selected university campuses. The overarching research question for this study was “How and what social media technologies are selected, planned for, implemented, and monitored in crisis management in selected universities?”. This study examines how these institutions used social media during crisis, pinpoints the emergent themes, analyzes the engagement between the selected universities and their social media audience, and analyzes the effectiveness of social media during campus crisis situations.</p><p> The findings of this study include the documentation of institutional practices that contribute to successful social media crisis communication integration. These elements ultimately coalesce into the identification of a series of best practices that can help inform the field and contribute to the establishment of best practices for social media use during campus crisis situations. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)</p>
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Han, Jiashu. "Did Huawei Fail in the Crisis? : Case studies of Crisis Communication for Chinese Multinational Enterprise on Social Media." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354891.
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This study analyzes crisis communication strategy of a Chinese multinational technology enterprise on social media and tests the effectiveness of the crisis response. This study conducts quantitative analysis on two social media crises experienced by Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd in 2017. The analysis uses Situation Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) as the theoretical framework, and proposes advices of crisis management for multinational technology enterprises in emerging countries represented by Huawei. The results show that when multinational technology enterprises face crisis, it is necessary to analyze the situation of crisis in a rational and localized way according to different social and cultural context, and adopt appropriate crisis communication strategies. While dealing with a complex cultural environment, avoiding cultural conflicts is an effective choice.
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Alder, Simone. "CoMIC : an exploration into computer-mediated intercultural communication." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/682.
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This thesis explores how cultural differences manifest themselves in computermediated intercultural communication (CoMIC). This study particularly looks at the role and use of digital nonverbals (DNVs) and their regulatory functions. The data analyzed is from a global virtual team working together for a period of three months. The grounded theory method has been employed to code the electronic transcript of the team's communication. Furthermore, the participants were surveyed regarding their personal backgrounds, their work, and their perception of the communication processes that took place. The study shows that in an intercultural communication process DNVs are used to avoid intercultural misunderstandings and to underline the various communication styles. The different styles, hand in hand with the DNVs used, vary depending on the team's overall situation. However, the absence of DNVs can be an indicator for a state of crisis.
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Seungji, Baek. "Crisis Communication in Major Disaster Using Natural Language Processing." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215520.
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Mohammed, Zuhura. "Crisis Communication and Management using SocialMedia: a Crisis Response to Ethiopian Airlines ET302 Crash." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85637.
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On the Sunday 10th of March 2019 Nairobi-bound Boeing 737MAX8 Flight ET302 of EthiopianAirlines plunge in to the ground and kills all 157 passengers onboard. Consequently, the accidenttook attention of international media and people around the world. This study therefore aims atinvestigating the communication strategies employed by EAL when managing ET302 planecrash and various issues associated with the crash using the two stages of crisis management. Toachieve the purpose, Nethnography and CDA methods were employed. To analyze thecommunication strategies SCCT was used. Accordingly, it was found out that, EAL highlyapplied “apology”, “shifting blame”, and “corrective action” strategies in its crisiscommunication via Facebook and Twitter pages. Additionally, the fairly immediate responsesgiven to each issue, the media monitoring system and the empathetic approach contributed to thegood crisis management. The study also finds out that more attention was given to the Twitterand updates were faster than the Facebook page. The study concludes that previous good imageof EAL plays a significant role to the impact a crisis would have in addition to its effective crisismanagement via social media. Finally, it’s recommended that EAL should communicate moreefficiently on its Facebook page to uplift its accomplishments and meet its online publics in awide range.
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Taylor, Jacqueline Ann. "Electronic mail, communication and social identity : a social psychological analysis of computer-mediated interactions." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282542.
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The aims of the research are to study the effects of computer-mediated communication (CMC) on individual communication processes and group interaction under realistic conditions. This contrasts with previous research which has been conducted using inexperienced users in artificial situations. A study investigated communication issues in an organisation where a new electronic mail (e-mail) system had been implemented. Data regarding usage patterns and subjective evaluations of e-mail showed that usability of the system was not critical, but communication and social interaction were important issues not considered during implementation. In particular, the linking of groups within the organisation had been ignored. The second and third studies investigated the way that e-mail impacts on group interaction. Research on the effects of CMC on group processes has produced a number of contradictory findings and it has been proposed that differences in the e-mail context may be responsible for these findings. Based on social identity theory and the concept of de-individuation, it was hypothesised that the identifiability of users and the strength of group identity would be important factors. It was predicted that there would be less adherence to group norms in individuated groups, in terms of: more uninhibited communication (flaming), less group cohesion and less group polarisation. Study 2 compared subjects before and after discussion, whereas study 3 focused on the dynamic nature of communication and experience, using repeated assessment. The provision of extra identifying information was associated with increases in communication activity, self-disclosure and flaming, while limiting the amount of identifying information resulted in more balanced participation. Personal identifiability did not significantly affect the way users perceived themselves, but did affect the way they perceived other group members: there was more perceived group cohesion in groups which received extra identifying information. There was no significant support for the group polarisation phenomenon. There were very few significant effects. of group identity. The research findings are discussed in relation to social psychological theory, previous CMC research and theories of group development. Methodological issues and the practical implications of varying levels of identifiability are also considered. Recommendations are made for future research. One particular issue that needs addressing concerns whether 'flaming' is properly conceptualised as normative or antinormative behaviour.
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Fee, Stefani M. "Leadership Perspectives on Offering Social Support: Problematic Integration and the Health Crisis." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1333375883.
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Fountain, Amanda. "Harnessing the power of social media : understanding the use of social media for crisis communication /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131576499.pdf.
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Davis-McShan, Melaney Laine. "Impact of Computer-Mediated Communication Duration on Adolescent Social Self-Efficacy, Social Anxiety, and Depression." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/294.
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Research suggests that Internet and cell phone overuse may result in lower levels of social skills and encourage isolation from peers. Less clear is whether the duration of computer-mediated communication (CMC) influences adolescent perception of their social skills competency or emotional health. This research was guided by the social cognitive theory, which suggests that social self-efficacy (SSE), the belief that they have the skills to engage successfully with others in conversation and social activities, develops from mastery experiences that regulate thought, motivation, and action. This quantitative cross-sectional survey design utilized a convenience sample of 49 adolescents ages 11-19, living in Austin County, TX, to examine the impact of CMC duration on adolescent SSE, social anxiety, and depression. Regression analyses indicated CMC duration did not significantly affect SSE, social anxiety, or depression at the p <. 05 level. Computer-mediated communication duration did influence SSE at the p = .07 level, suggesting a trend toward statistical significance. Post hoc analysis revealed a significant interaction at the p < .05 level when CMC restriction severity was tested as a moderator in the CMC duration-SSE relationship. These findings suggest that the interaction between CMC duration and restrictions may influence social self-efficacy. Additional research on the relationship between CMC and adolescent psychosocial health would be helpful, particularly using larger and more generalizable samples. This study may inform the efforts of authority figures to adolescents, specifically, on the ways in which technological changes affect adolescent social development and will help to ensure that adolescents are safe, psychologically healthy, and able to maintain healthy relationships.
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Caruso, Anna. ""Text me you love me." mediated communication in dating relationships." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1243964454.
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Thesis (M.Ap.C.T. & M.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.<br>Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 17, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-69). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.
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Komaromi, Haque Judit. "Synchronized Dining Tangible mediated communication for remote commensality." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21898.
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This thesis discusses commensality as a significant social activity, that helps to maintain and strengthen social bonds. It also examines the sense of touch as a communication channel, and provides an insight to how it can be used to communicate affect. Touch as contextualized medium and its relevance to interaction design is investigated. Based on studies made in psychology, physiology, sociology and communication it aims to find an answer to the question: ”How may we create togetherness -with the help of an interactive device- between loved ones separated by distance during dining, through remote communication?” In order to meet the objectives of the above question this research followed the Research Through Design methodology, with series of workshops and prototyping sessions.
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Bäckström, Svensson Andreas, and Njord Frölander. "Having a boat before the flood strikes will save you. Having a sail will take you places. : A qualitative study on how an effective crisis communication is impacted by intercultural competence, crisis leadership and social media." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45097.
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Thirteen qualitative interviews have been conducted with key individuals who have profound knowledge and experience in the subject of crisis communication. The thesis used a theory testing approach and highlights the main issues regarding the influence of intercultural competence in crisis information, and to what extent social media channels are used for crisis communication. Also, it covers how the leadership during crises affects the communication from the perspectives of the key individuals. In this empirical investigation, the analytical method of thematization has been used in order to select essential themes throughout the qualitative interviews. These themes have been compared to the relevant theories within the subject - crisis communication, intercultural competence, and social media in crisis situations. The emerging conclusions from this study were the importance of pre-existing relations between organizations and authorities in crisis situations, and the amplifications of crisis communication through crisis networks operating between organizations. Another conclusion was that proactive crisis communication plans need to be of a consise and general design to be practical in crisis situations. Furthermore, one conclusion was that most organizations according to the interviewees were aware of the absence of intercultural competence, but due to lack of resources this was not prioritized. The last conclusion was that social media channels have a high interest level during crisis situations, but was seldom used to a large extent during crises
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Parker, Neil Matthew. "Adolescent Peer-Related Computer-Mediated Communication and Its Relationship to Social Anxiety." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3060.
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Adolescents are adopting computer-mediated communication (CMC) at a higher rate than any other age group, with CMC becoming integral to their social relationships. This is particularly significant given the role peer relationships play in adolescent mental health. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental study was to explore the relationship between adolescent CMC and social anxiety. The research was guided by Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and Kock's media naturalness theory. This multiwave panel study included a convenience sample of 58 adolescents ages 11 to 18. Surveys were completed on participant's social skills and introversion, and daily data were gathered on CMC, face-to-face communication, and social anxiety. Three regression models were produced from each day's data. Results indicated a modest relationship between daily CMC and social anxiety. Results also indicated CMC users with lower social skills or higher in introversion may be at greater risk for social anxiety. Lower face-to-face communication was also found to be related to increased social anxiety in CMC users. Findings may be useful to researchers seeking to identify specific populations who are at greater risk for negative outcomes in CMC use. Findings may also be useful to clinicians, educators, and parents interested in CMC's role in adolescent mental health or its impact on the quality of adolescent peer relationships.
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Borkowska, Katarzyna. "The consumption of hegemonic masculinity : understanding gender patterns through computer-mediated communication." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4661/.
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This project focused upon exploring elements of hegemonic masculinity which participants have consumed (or otherwise) in a context of Facebook profiles in order to create their social self-expression. At the same time this study recognised the consumption of ideological aspects that underpin participants’ personal understandings of manhood. The first phase of the research focused upon content analysis of eighty-nine Facebook profiles (Chapters 7-9). The aim was to capture masculine traits that participants symbolically consume and conceptualise in their social environment on a daily bases. The second phase of the research used an analysis of thirty-one open-ended questionnaires (Chapter 10). It explored the consumption of personal experiences of being a man which were also compared with participants’ social self-presentation. Both parts of the research aimed to obtain a complex view on contemporary masculinities in order to understand why some aspects of hegemonic masculinity are consumed and valued on a daily bases while others are discarded by participants. In short, gender identity was a main focus of this research. Masculine identities were shown to be underpinned by social, cultural and media messages as well as individual reflexivity. This thesis argues that looking at the concept of masculinity through the new lens of symbolic consumption allows both the identification of people’s self-expression in a social context and the hearing of individual voices and the experiences of men. This approach captures the multiplicity of masculinities and contributes to challenging the hegemonic facets of gender.
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Golway, Danielle. "Relationship, trust and crisis communication on social media with millennials and generation Z." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35551.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Journalism and Mass Communications<br>Xiaochen Zhang<br>This study examined crisis communication on social media applying relationship management theory. There are few credibility checks on social media platforms, and some say publics no longer believe messages through this type of media (Domonoske, 2016; Ho, 2012). However, many people get news from social media platforms and trust the information they read (Turcotte, York, Irving, Scholl, & Pingree, 2015). Crisis theories suggest strong relationships are less affected by crisis situations, and relationships are heavily based on trust (Broom, Casey, & Ritchey, 1997; Coombs, 2000; Coombs & Holladay, 2006; Ledingham, 2003). Through a survey, this study found a statistically significant positive relationship between perceived organization-public relationship, trust and, credibility in crisis communication on social media within the Millennial and Generation Z groups. These generations are the most active on social media, and this study challenged the claim that they do not believe information online (Richards, 2017; Statista, 2016).
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Narducci, Cassandra. "Social Media and Reputation Management During Crisis: A Case Study of the 2012-2013 NHL Lockout." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34226.
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The aim of this study is to understand the influence of online discussion forums during times of crisis. These forums can be considered as a form of social media, a relatively new form of technology that is constantly evolving and gaining in popularity. It has become an important medium, and can be integral in communications plans, specifically with regards to crisis communication. Through the use of these media, message delivery has unbelievable breadth and speed, making it crucial to understand its implications in crisis events. In order to understand social media’s implications in reputation management, during times of crisis, an ethnographic content analysis was conducted through the analysis and comparison of comments posted on news forums and media documents issued by the NHL during the 2012-2013 lockout. Literature suggests the importance of relationship management prior to crisis onset, as social media has the potential to inflame and contaminate the perceptions of others. Through social media, the formation and emergence of an engaged and active public was observed and studied. However, when considering traditional crisis communication theories, results from this particular case are counterintuitive; the findings counter traditional crisis communication theories, suggesting that cases such as this one are to be investigated further.
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Sierpe, Eino. "Gender and its relationship to perception in computer-mediated communication." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38282.
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The growth of computer-mediated communication (CMC) has generated great interest among researchers. Although perspectives vary, the anonymity inherent in textual communication and the reduction of social markers are often described as the characteristics that distinguish CMC from other forms of communication. These arguments have resulted in unprecedented optimism regarding the potential of this technology to eliminate social inequalities and increase access to institutional power. While critics have provided substantial evidence to the contrary, especially in regards to gender inequalities, CMC continues to be promoted and accepted.<br>Critical responses on the issue of gender have concentrated on behavioral issues. As exemplified by the work of Herring, these issues include, among others, the use of adversarial rhetorical strategies, topical control, representation in electronic communities, and the phenomenon known as "flaming".<br>Surprisingly, no effort has been made to address the role of gender in the cognitive aspects of CMC or directly question the claims advanced by supporters of this technology in relation to the anonymity of electronic texts. With the exception of Herring's peripheral remarks on this issue and limited work on the problem of gender judgements by Savicki and his colleagues, research is non-existent.<br>Given the importance of this area for the information professions, this research explores the role of gender in the cognitive processes associated with identification and impression formation. More specifically, this research addresses two concerns. The first is whether CMC users can identify the gender of those they have never met face-to-face by relying exclusively on the detection of gender cues. The second centers on the role of gender in the evaluation of electronic communicators.<br>Against the perspectives outlined in the feminist critique of technology, this research's theoretical framework is derived from the work of Hymes as well as literature from cognate fields. Thus, Hymes' theoretical model on the concept of communicative competence, which allows competent speakers to pass judgement on the appropriateness of linguistic events, is central to the investigation.<br>The results provide convincing evidence regarding the implications of gender in the cognitive dimension of CMC. Data from 133 research participants (91 females and 42 males) associated with the study of librarianship or its professional practice suggest that CMC simply recreates existing gender asymmetries. Women are less likely to remain anonymous, more likely to be described stereotypically, and more likely to be evaluated negatively.
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Roberts, Lynne D. "Social interaction in virtual environments." Curtin University of Technology, School of Psychology, 2001. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12792.
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The rapid growth of the internet over the past decade has provided increasing opportunities for individuals to engage in computer-mediated social interaction in virtual environments. Despite this rapid growth there has been limited research into the way people use the Internet, and the effect Internet use has on their lives (Kraut, 1996). The overall aim in the research presented in this thesis was to explore how characteristics of the individual interact with characteristics of computer-mediated communication to enable socio-emotional communication and behaviour in social text-based virtual environments. Three studies are presented. Studies One and Two are qualitative studies of social interaction in two text-based, synchronous ('real time') virtual environments: MOOs (Multi User Dimensions, Object Oriented) and Internet Relay' Chat (IRC). Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) methodology was used to develop formal theories of social interaction within these environments. Stage models of virtual environment use were developed that described changes in social interaction over time. In MOOs, changes in social interaction over time reflected the process of coming to terms with what was initially viewed by users as an alternative reality. In IRC the central feature of social interaction that emerged was the perceived ease of communication. This was attributed to the effortlessness of meeting a wide range of potential communication partners in a social context where the communication itself was simplified to text only communication. The hypotheses developed from the qualitative research in Studies One and Two were tested in Study Three. This was a longitudinal study of new Internet users that examined the bi-directional effects of personality characteristics and computer-mediated communication on behaviour. Personality measures were poor predictors of time spent in ++<br>both specific types of virtual environments and on-line in general. Based on the usage patterns across the three studies a decision pathway for the use of virtual environments was developed. A key finding across the studies was the potential for virtual environments to enhance psychological well-being for individuals who experience social discomfort in off-line settings. Limitations of the research were discussed and suggestions made for future research.
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Karlsson, Mahlin, and Rosanna Gamba. "Att fylla tidningarna med kris : En studie av kriskommunikation, nyhetsmedier och deras källor." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12752.
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The purpose of this study is to discover and explain the influences of media coverage of organizational crises on crisis communication, and vice versa. The study also shows how mediated crises develop, and how media framing and news sources affect this development. Carried out as a case study of three Swedish mediated crises, the methods used are quantitative and qualitative content analysis of media content from four Swedish newspapers and four organizations' press releases from the studied crises. Mediated crises develop through their specific pattern regardless of, but not independent from, the organizations' crisis communication. The crisis communication is used as an elite source in media reporting from the crises, but it can not control the mediated crises. However, it influences framing, and the possibilities to influence media reporting are better in the pre-crisis phase and the culmination.
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Boman, Courtney. "Understanding the effects of Twitter-based crisis communications strategies on brand reputation." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35571.
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Master of Science - Agricultural Education and Communication<br>Department of Communications and Agricultural Education<br>Jason D. Ellis<br>The Situational Crisis Communications Theory (SCCT) states that what organizations say to various publics during a crisis should influence the extent of the reputational and financial damage a crisis can inflict on the organization's image. Past research has focused on distinguishing types of crises and what crisis-communication strategies should be used with traditional media. Research exists, but looks at social media and its effects on brand reputation during a crisis via case studies or is an experimental design focused on the information source. There is a lack of controlled experimental studies that investigate the role of social media in crisis-communications strategies.
Guided by Coombs’ Situational Crisis Communications Theory, this controlled experimental design employed a 2x2 factorial design. The independent variables were (a) type of crisis (preventable, accidental) and (b) type of response (rebuild, diminish) used on Twitter. The dependent variable was organizational brand reputation. Survey participants were recruited through a paid Qualtrics panel who were millennials that live in Midwestern states.
Specific research questions were RQ 1: Will all participants begin with the same pre-test score; RQ 2: Is there a time effect on brand reputation; RQ 3: Does an accidental crisis change brand reputation; RQ 4: Does a preventable crisis change brand reputation; RQ 5: Does brand reputation change vary by crisis type? Based on findings in previous research, hypotheses developed were: H1: Brand reputation will be consistent from pre-brand to post-brand test for matched crisis responses; H2: Post-brand tests for unmatched accidental responses will be consistent with or better than pre-brand tests; H3: Post-brand tests for unmatched preventable responses will be lower than pre-brand tests.
The findings from this study give insight to how SCCT translates to Twitter. In this study, matched responses did not maintain reputation as the SCCT literature suggests. In addition, the accidental unmatched condition did not perform better than the matched condition. However, unmatched preventable did have a bigger decline in brand reputation than matched, suggesting it could be better to have no response than the wrong response in some situations. This study confirms the need for practitioners to understand the crisis type prior to responding and understand the role of social media in communication. Throughout the study, it was found that using an unmatched response could cause a decrease in brand reputation. This is especially true when using a low-attribution response for a high-attribution situation, as the response will fall short of what the crisis requires.
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Nazem, Ghanai Ramona, Malin Forss, and Gabriella Sundkvist. "Let's Make Better Mistakes Tomorrow : Brand Management and Crisis Communication for Social Media Influencers." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48973.
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Work, William Eugene. "The Concept of Community and the Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication of the Internet." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45436.
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The concept of community has been of great importance to sociologists throughout the discipline's history. There has been numerous definitions used in research. However, according to the literature, most agree that community must consist of geographical proximity, regular interactions, and shared goals. These definitions, and any consensus, are again being challenged by the creation of new communicative technologies. In particular, with the creation of new social spaces by computer technologies such as the Internet, the potential exists for community to occur in many new ways.
This paper looks at the types of community that can exist in the various social spaces created by the Internet. These spaces are conceptualized and explained comparing the various ways and types of communication that are occurring in the various facets of Internet. The literature indicates that community is occurring in some of these Internet technologies, such as USENET. However, no such literature exists for IRC networks. This research focuses on an examination of the type of community that occurs on the Internet's synchronous Internet Relay Chat network using computer-mediated-communication. Naturalistic inquiry is used to examine how community exists in two separate channels of an Internet Relay Chat network. The concepts of geographical proximity, regular interaction, and shared goals are examined in relation to this technology. In a final analysis, the importance in examining the community occurring in these new social spaces is detailed. This type of social space is fast becoming a very important area for researchers as Internet usage is growing daily and becoming more prevalent in everyday society.<br>Master of Science
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Erdost, Turkuler. "Trust And Self-disclosure In The Context Of Computer Mediated Communication." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12604928/index.pdf.
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iii
ABSTRACT
TRUST AND SELF-DISCLOSURE
IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION
Erdost, Tü<br>rkü<br>ler
M. S., Department of Psychology
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bengi Ö<br>ner &ndash<br>Ö<br>zkan
April 2004, 120 pages
This study was aimed to shed light on the effects of computer mediated
communication on self-disclosure and trust which appear to be the two important
concepts within interpersonal relations. To what extent the computer mediated
communication differs from or similar to face-to-face communication in terms of
trust and self-disclosure which play a key role in the establishment, development and
maintenance of relationships was explored. Results were obtained from 100 people who participated in synchronous communication via Internet. Computer administered
multi scaled questionnaire was used for data collection. Results of 2 (communication
medium: face-to-face vs. computer mediated communication) X 2 (intimacy of
relationship: trust vs. self-disclosure) repeated measures of ANOVA revealed a
significant main effect for communication medium and intimacy of relationship
indicating that subjects reported more intimate relationships for face-to-face
communication and the reported levels of self-disclosure were found to be higher
than the reported levels of trust. Also an interaction was found for communication
medium and intimacy of relationship. Although in terms of face-to-face
communication no significant differences were found between trust and selfdisclosure
scores, trust scores were found to be significantly lower when people
communicate via Internet. In addition, findings revealed that both measures of trust
and self-disclosure were significantly lower in computer mediated communication
condition than in face-to-face communication. Findings which did not completely but
partially supported the hypothesis of the study were discussed within the context of
literature and in terms of their theoretical as well as practical implications.
Limitations and possible confounds were also mentioned for their potential influence
on the results.
Keywords: Internet, Computer Mediated Communication, Self-Disclosure, Trust.
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Wood, Luke Jai. "Robot-mediated interviews : a robotic intermediary for facilitating communication with children." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16313.
Full textAbstract:
Robots have been used in a variety of education, therapy or entertainment contexts. This thesis introduces the novel application of using humanoid robots for Robot-Mediated Interviews (RMIs). In the initial stages of this research it was necessary to first establish as a baseline if children would respond to a robot in an interview setting, therefore the first study compared how children responded to a robot and a human in an interview setting. Following this successful initial investigation, the second study expanded on this research by examining how children would respond to different types and difficulty of questions from a robot compared to a human interviewer. Building on these studies, the third study investigated how a RMI approach would work for children with special needs. Following the positive results from the three studies indicating that a RMI approach may have some potential, three separate user panel sessions were organised with user groups that have expertise in working with children and for whom the system would be potentially useful in their daily work. The panel sessions were designed to gather feedback on the previous studies and outline a set of requirements to make a RMI system feasible for real world users. The feedback and requirements from the user groups were considered and implemented in the system before conducting a final field trial of the system with a potential real world user. The results of the studies in this research reveal that the children generally interacted with KASPAR in a very similar to how they interacted with a human interviewer regardless of question type or difficulty. The feedback gathered from experts working with children suggested that the three most important and desirable features of a RMI system were: reliability, flexibility and ease of use. The feedback from the experts also indicated that a RMI system would most likely be used with children with special needs. The final field trial with 10 children and a potential real world user illustrated that a RMI system could potentially be used effectively outside of a research context, with all of the children in the trial responding to the robot. Feedback from the educational psychologist testing the system would suggest that a RMI approach could have real world implications if the system were developed further.
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Drumheller, Kristina D. "Vehicles for entertainment or for legitimacy crisis? : revisting legitimacy and image restoration efforts after film depictions of organizational crisis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144413.
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Konta, Kaori. "Computer-mediated communication as the paradigm: Resistance to technology and the new style of human communication." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1481.
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Dollar, David Lynn. "Computer-Mediated Communication Impact on the Academic and Social Integration of Community College Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4334/.
Full textAbstract:
Although research findings to date have documented that computer-mediated communication (CMC) gets students involved, a substantial gap remained in determining the impact of CMC on academic and social integration of community college students. Because computer technology, specifically CMC, has proliferated within teaching and learning in higher education and because of the importance of academic and social integration, this study was significant in documenting through quantitative data analysis the impact that CMC had on the academic and social integration of community college students. The following research question was addressed: Does computer-mediated communication have an impact on the academic and social integration of community college students as measured by the CCSEQ? The study hypothesized that data analysis will show that there will be no difference in the integrations reported by the control and experimental groups. The overall approach was to conduct a pretest-posttest control-group experimental study using CMC as the experimental treatment. The Community College Student Experiences Questionnaire (CCSEQ) was given to collect data that were used to measure the academic and social integration of the control and experimental groups. After an in-depth analysis of data using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and ANCOVA, the finding of this study was that there is no statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups on their academic and social integrations as measured by the CCSEQ. In other words, CMC did not have a positive or negative impact on the integrations of community college students. This study examined for the first time the impact that CMC had on the integrations of community college students and provided an experimental methodology that future researchers might replicate or modify to further explore this topic. Because CMC will continue to increase as technology becomes more available and accessible to faculty and students and because of the importance of academic and social integration, further study on this relationship is vital to higher education research.