To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Social Occupational Therapy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social Occupational Therapy'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Social Occupational Therapy.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Taylor, M. Clare. "Occupational therapists : empowerors or oppressors? : a study of occupational therapy students' attitudes towards disabled people." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3997/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the research was to investigate the concepts of, and attitudes towards, people with physical disabilities held by occupational therapy (OT) students, so that a theory of professional attitudes and professional action could be developed. The research was building on previous research by the author, which found that OT students tended to have a maternalistic and nurturing view of disabled people, and also as a response to issues raised by the social model of disability which questioned whether OT was an oppressive or empowering profession. Utilising an integrated methodology, the research sought to address the following research questions: what, amongst OT students, is a 'professional' attitude towards disabled people? are the attitudes of OT students towards disabled people any different from those of other students? do these attitudes change over time? are there any differences in the 'personal' and 'professional' attitudes of OT students towards disabled people? how accepting of disabled people are OT students, would they be willing to work with disabled people as colleagues? is there an hierarchy of relationships for people with different impairments? what does the 'professional' attitude mean in practice? how does this 'professional' attitude develop? what factors influence its development? does contact with disabled people have any effect on attitudes? do OT students express attitudes and values which oppress or empower their disabled clients? A case study approach was used with a variety of data collection methods. The main focus of the study was the collection of data, using a questionnaire and a series of interviews, from a cohort of OT students throughout the 3 years of their OT degree. The questionnaire included the Attitudes Towards Disabled People Scale, a suitability for OT training scale, and a semantic differential exploring stereotypes of disabled people. Data were also collected from other groups of OT students comparing personal and professional attitudes and attitudes in terms of social distance, using the Disability Social Distance Scale. Comparative data was collected from non-OT students. In order to explore attitudes in greater depth a small group of students was selected from the main OT cohort and interviewed about their attitudes and approaches to disabled people at 3 points during their studies. Analysis of the data revealed that the OT students held highly positive personal and professional attitudes towards disabled people. These attitudes were also demonstrated by the use of an empowering, client-centred approach to OT interventions. However, the OT students had a tendency to focus on an individualistic and personal tragedy approach to disability. This individualistic approach might result in oppressive practice. The findings were used to develop a conceptual framework for OT interventions with disabled people which should allow therapists to articulate and develop their practice within an empowering framework.
2
Chin, Michele Cecilia. "Functional status, social support, and self-perceived health among elderly women by living arrangement." FIU Digital Commons, 1999. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2335.
Full textAbstract:
The elderly population has been recognized as one of the fastest growing age groups in the United States and there has been a dramatic increase in the number of elderly women living alone in the community.
The purpose of this study was to examine the functional status, social support system, and self-perceived health of elderly women living alone and those living with others in Dade County, Florida. This study was derived from a larger Dade County Needs Assessment. The sample for this study included 1,278 elderly women who were white (n = 561), Hispanic (n = 550), black (n = 153), and "other" (n = 14).
3
Crabtree, Lisa. "Social participation patterns and preferences : a mixed methods study of children on the autism spectrum." Diss., NSUWorks, 2009. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/14.
Full textAbstract:
May 2009.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
4
Forngren, Sky, and Månsson Cecilia Thysell. "Att delta i social dagvård – äldres erfarenheter : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73373.
Full text
5
Simmons, Charles Douglas. "Valued occupations, social participation, and quality of life of the brain injury survivor: A Path Analysis." Diss., NSUWorks, 2005. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/38.
Full textAbstract:
"July 2005" A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Occupational Therapy. Typescript Project Advisor : Ferol Ludwig This study explored the relationship between occupational performance, occupational satisfaction, social participation, and quality of life for survivors of brain injury participating in a community based program. This research project used multivariate analysis, specifically path analysis to test a proposed model exploring quality of life for individuals living with brain injury. Few research studies have undertaken the task of looking at relationships between social participation and quality of life; even fewer studies have looked at how meaningful occupations influence quality of life. To explore this relationship the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Community Integration Questionnaire, and the Wisconsin HSS Quality of Life Inventory were used. A participant pool of 80 survivors of brain injury completed each of the assessments. The findings of this study determined that social participation is a significant predictor of quality of life. The regression model that explored occupational satisfaction and social participation was also found to be significant. Another finding was that social participation significantly influenced the cohort's feelings of love and belonging. Finally, it was found that safety and security is an area of need for this cohort as they attempt occupations in the broader social environment. The findings indicate that social participation has the greatest effect on quality of life in this model; and occupational satisfaction has a slightly weaker effect. The effects of both occupational satisfaction and occupational performance were stronger as they directly influenced quality of life, however, the path model demonstrated that these two variables are influenced by social participation as they influenced quality of life for the survivor of brain injury participating in community programming. These findings are critical to the development of programming by occupational therapists. Finding indicate that social participation, facilitated by satisfaction with desired occupations, should be an important consideration in influencing the quality of life of survivors of brain injury participating in community programs.
6
Sigfridsson, Sofia, and Johanna Vidal. "Aktivitetsmönster och upplevd aktivitetsbalans hos individer över 70 år efter införandet av Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer om begränsad social kontakt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84824.
Full textAbstract:
Syfte: Att beskriva aktivitetsmönster och upplevelse av aktivitetsbalans hos individer över 70 år efter införandet av Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer om begränsad social kontakt i samband med covid-19-pandemin. Metod: Genom en kvalitativ induktiv ansats med ett strategiskt urval genomfördes 17 semistrukturerade intervjuer. Data analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att upptäcka mönster och upplevelser av tillvaron i deltagarnas berättelser. Resultat: Deltagarna beskrev att det funnits både svårigheter och möjligheter för hur de kunde adaptera och hitta nya sätt att utföra aktiviteter på. Med färre aktiviteter och mer tid att förfoga över blev deltagarna angelägna om att komma till rätta och utföra aktiviteter som upplevdes meningsfulla för att finna balans i vardagen. Aktivitetsmönster tog ny form då aktiviteter förändrades och/eller försvann varpå deltagarna anpassade sig efter de nya förutsättningarna, och aktiviteterna med dem. Resultatet lyfte hur aktivitetsbalansen påverkades då aktiviteter förändrades eller försvann, att deltagarna utmanades att hitta strategier för att finna meningsfulla aktiviteter i den nya vardagen. Slutsats: Studien visade att engagemang i aktivitet hörde samman med välmående och vikten av tillgänglighet. Ökad kunskap behövs för att bidra med insikt i vad som bibehåller balans, hur tillgängligheten kan öka och vilket stöd arbetsterapeuter och samhället kan ge.Aim: To describe patterns of daily occupations and experience of occupational balance in individuals over 70 years of age after the introduction of the Public Health Agency of Sweden's recommendations on limited social contact in connection with the covid-19-pandemic. Method: Through a qualitative inductive approach with a strategically planned selection, 17 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data was analyzed through a qualitative content analysis to discover patterns and experiences of existence in the participants stories. Results: Participants described that there have been both difficulties and opportunities for how they could adapt and find new ways to perform activities. With fewer activities and more time at their disposal, the participants became eager to come to terms with and perform activities that felt meaningful in order to find balance in everyday life. Patterns of daily occupations have taken on new forms as activities have changed and/or disappeared, after which the participants adapted to the new conditions and the activities with them. The results highlight how the occupational balance has been affected when activities have changed or disappeared, that participants have been challenged to find strategies to find meaningful occupation in the new everyday life. Conclusion:The study showed that participation in occupation is related to well-being and the importance of accessibility. Increased knowledge can provide insight into what maintains balance, how accessibility can increase and what support occupational therapists and society can provide.
7
Bodin, Karin, and Ulrika Kareliusson. "Äldres förväntningar inför deltagande i dagverksamhet med social inriktning : En kvalitativ intevjustudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73481.
Full text
8
Lindstedt, Helena. "Daily Occupations in Mentally Disordered Offenders in Sweden : Exploring Occupational Performance and Social Participating." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6231.
Full textAbstract:
The major aim was to explore perceived daily occupations in mentally disordered offenders (MDO) through occupational performance (OP) and social participation (SP) with descriptive, comparative and longitudinal designs. The 74 consecutively included MDOs were visited onsite for data collection. The following assessments were used: Capability to Perform Daily Occupation, Self-efficacy Scale, Importance scale, Allen Cognitive Level Screen, Interview Schedule for Social Interaction, Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life, Psycho/social and Environmental Problems, Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, assessment of Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments and Karolinska Scales of Personality. Background factors were assembled from the individual forensic psychiatric investigation. The results indicate that MDOs had contradictive problems in OP, SP and lack of disability awareness. The MDOs and professionals had different appraisals of the MDOs’ OP and SP. Schizophrenic MDOs need substantial support for community dwelling. MDOs with psychopathic personality traits had more problems during upbringing, however, no perceived problems in OP and SP compared to the remaining group. Low Socialization, high Anxiety and psychopathy personality traits partially influenced perceived OP and SP. After one year of forensic psychiatric care, 60 % were still hospitalized and 32 % were community dwelling. Changes after one year of care consisted of higher satisfaction of OP and SP, 1/36 subject valued daily occupations higher and 5/36 subjects reported better social interaction. Although, there are some methodological weaknesses in this thesis (e.g. high attrition rate), the unique results should be taken into consideration. It is concluded that MDOs’ appraisal of their own capability has to be taken seriously in treatment and care. Also long treatment periods, targeting daily occupations from start and providing substantial individual support are necessary for successful transition into community dwelling for MDOs. This thesis contributes to extended knowledge of the MDOs’ daily occupations.
9
Hilton, Claudia. "Relationship of motor skills and social skills to out-of-school activity participation patterns in children with Asberger Syndrome." Diss., NSUWorks, 2006. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/19.
Full textAbstract:
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University"
10
Houff, J. Keith. "The effects of social learning intervention procedures on occupational social adjustment." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54446.
Full textAbstract:
There are a great number of people whose suggestions and encouragement have contributed to the preparation and completion of this study. Special recognition is due to the committee of faculty evaluating this study through the various stages from inception. I appreciate the patience plus clear arid precise guidance of Tom Hohenshil, and Dennis Hinkle's counsel and completion of the computer analyses of the results of this study, I am grateful for the inspiration Dean Hummel provided especially during the early stages of this project. I wish also to express my thanks to Cherry Houck who’s door was always open and was also instrumental in the inception of this study, I also appreciate Harriett Cobb's perceptiveness and special efforts in dissipating my committee meeting jitters. Finally, I consider myself fortunate to have had exposure to these individual's expertise and vast experiences.
I wish also to acknowledge the assistance and financial support, I received from Charlotte McNulty, SYEP Project Director, and from the Board of Directors of People Places Inc. in Staunton, Virginia. I am indebted to the patience and trust Ms. McNulty repeatedly afforded me throughout the various stages of carrying out this project. The generous offer of the use of equipment .and office space of People Places Inc. is also greatly appreciated.
And finally, I consider myself fortunate to have a wife supportive of my efforts in achieving an advanced degree in education. Her genuine interest in the topic of this study and willingness to listen, proofread, type, and many other supportive actions deserve a special "thank you".Ed. D.
11
Avantaggiato-Quinn, Maria. "Occupational Therapists : their lived experience of the phenomenon of Effective Occupational Therapy with children and young people." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/32573/.
Full textAbstract:
Despite regulatory requirements for occupational therapists (OTs) to appraise the effectiveness of their service, there is little empirical evidence to suggest that they do so. This relativist research addresses the need to understand the phenomenon of effective occupational therapy with children and young people (CYP) with complex mental health needs/learning disabilities, in the lived experience of OTs. Assuming an interpretivist epistemological perspective, a Heideggerian (1962) interpretive phenomenological methodology guided a reflexive relational approach (Finlay and Evans, 2009) to in-depth interviews carried out with eight OTs working in specialist CYP services. Using threefold analytical methods: thematic (Van Manen, 1997a), metaphorical (Ricoeur and Thompson, 1981) and Lifeworld (Ashworth, 2003), results were contextualised using an occupational perspective of health (Wilcock and Hocking, 2015). Effective occupational therapy with young people identified issues of occupational injustice and was child centred. It supported the development of a sense of occupational being through having an authentic relationship and time and space during therapy. Opportunities to improve health through occupational doing were created through micro grading of activity-based interventions. Utilising their expertise in grading the environment enabled OTs to facilitate young people to set and reach personally meaningful goals to become the experts in themselves and develop a sense of self-hood. Consequently, outcome measurement toolkits were designed to capture patient and clinician reported experience and outcome measures. Such tools may enable occupational therapists to provide assurance that they are addressing issues of effectiveness as part of their statutory and ethical obligations, planned next stages are to pilot their use with clinicians and children. An important contribution of this study is that it supports the necessary bridging of the areas of paediatric, physical OT and MH/LD specialist OT, to enhance effective holistic occupational therapy.
12
Oliver, Sue. "Community-based creative dance for adolescents and their feelings of social wellbeing." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2009. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7399.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis contextualises creative dance as art in a community setting. The participants were teenage members of a community-run creative dance company. The aim was to explore any links young people make between their creative dance experience in a community class and their feelings of social well-being. The literature gives a brief historical overview of dance as a performing art and of the nature of aesthetics and creativity. It considers the art of dance as a form of communication, and the conditions for creativity to flourish. It looks at Bourdieu‘s (2005) theory of ‗habitus‘ and ‗field‘ in understanding the social experience which the dancers derived through creative dance. Consideration is given to theories and accounts of adolescent development and how community interaction can affect the dancers‘ feelings of social wellbeing. The methodological approach is hermeneutic phenomenology, with influences from ethnomethodology and social constructionism. The ontological principle is that personal meaning is socially constructed. Epistemologically the study is informed by the belief that knowledge is generated through the creative dance experience. The main data collection method was semi-structured interviews with the dancers (n=10), supported by observation of dance classes (n=7; filmed: n=4), group discussions (n=3) and graffiti walls (n=8, completed by the dancers). The data were organised and analysed thematically using a method of presentation inspired by Bourdieu‘s concept of a ‗social trajectory‘ - a lifetime journey of social encounters – offering headings under which the data were loosely organised. Selected observations are presented on DVD. The responses suggested a dance ‗journey‘ from preparation to performance, which allowed further organisation of data. The emergent themes included the dancers‘ motivation for dancing, their feelings about the creative process, experiences of social interaction and of taking control of one‘s own identity, through all the stages of experimenting with movement, refining the dances and performing. The main findings are: the dancers attached importance to company membership because it offered a means to clarifying self-identity through physical and artistic endeavour; the creative dance context gave them freedom to explore their movement capabilities and to interact socially, and thus gave them a means of negotiating their ‗habitus‘, i.e. adopting and adjusting social norms and values on their own terms. Performing was a celebration of achievement and confirmation of identity as a dancer. The study contributes to the understanding of how adolescents make sense of their identity in their social context through their creative dance experience and how that influences their feelings of social wellbeing.
13
Stickley, Anna. "An exploration of occupational therapy practice in social enterprises in the UK." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2015. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/7482/.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Occupational therapy in the UK has been heavily shaped by the medical model, however developments within the occupational therapy profession that have led to a re-focussing on the centrality of occupation for health have resulted in the need for new areas for practice outside of traditional, medicalised settings. The recent changing landscape of health and social care provision in the UK provides occupational therapists with new and different environments for practice. This research explored the provision of occupational therapy within social enterprises in the UK, and the compatibility of the occupational therapy philosophy with a social enterprise model. Methods: This mixed methods exploratory study that was conducted within the pragmatic paradigm and had two phases. In Phase 1, twenty-one online questionnaires were completed by occupational therapists working in social enterprises in the UK and focused on their practice and the social enterprise they work for. Social enterprises that employed occupational therapists were also identified through desk based research. In Phase 2, eight of these social enterprises (which were identified in Phase 1) participated as case studies, using case study methodology to explore occupational therapists perceptions of their practice; service users’ experiences; and the social entrepreneur’s involvement in the provision of occupational therapy. The data collection in the case studies consisted of twenty-six semi-structured interviews with occupational therapists, social entrepreneurs and service users; unstructured observation and formal documentation was used for triangulation. The interviews were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis and the findings of the case studies were combined with findings from Phase 1. Findings: Social enterprise has been used as an effective model for implementing holistic occupational therapy services that promote health, wellbeing and occupational justice. Occupational therapists benefit social enterprises to achieve their social and business aims. Funding social enterprise start-ups and ensuring their sustainability continues to be a challenge and government policy needs to be supported with finance to implement it, without which there is a risk of private companies taking over public sector services. Conclusions: Social enterprises can provide an environment where occupational therapists have freedom to practise according to the principles of their profession without the limitations of the medical model and in a socially inclusive environment. Social enterprise can provide a rewarding and satisfying environment for occupational therapists to practise in client centred, holistic ways. The current health and social care climate provides many opportunities for occupational therapists to create and shape their own environments for practise. Alternatively, occupational therapists may need to promote the profession to existing social enterprises to gain employment in the new organisations that deliver public services.
14
Andersson, Vilma, and Alma Tidblom. "Being involved in the community: A qualitative study of social inclusion for people with physical disabilities in Mexico." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49147.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to describe participant experiences of how a rehabilitation centre can facilitate social inclusion for people with physical disabilities in Mexico. This research was a qualitative interview study with a semi-structured interview approach. Ten participants were recruited using purposive sampling. The participants were individuals with physical disabilities, including both mobility and visual impairments, who had a connection with the rehabilitation centre. Content analysis was used while examining the collected data. The result consisted of one main category ‘individual experiences of achieving social inclusion’, four categories; ‘being supported by a community’, ‘acceptance of disability’, ‘the centre's work and its effect in the society’ and ‘the importance of work’. Each category contained several sub-categories. In conclusion, the rehabilitation centre facilitates inclusion through work opportunities and the sense of belonging to a community which has a positive impact on persons with a disability. Changing attitudes in the society by raising awareness about disability and generating an acceptance of one’s disabilities were important facilitating factors.
15
Karlsson, Johanna, and Charlotte Ekenberg. "Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av åtgärder för att förbättra social interaktion och kommunikation i vardagsaktiviteterhos barn och vuxna med autismspektrumtillstånd : En intervjustudie." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73934.
Full text
16
Leung, Kimberly A. "The effect of distractions on task performance and enjoyment as moderated by regulatory fit." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1602949.
Full textAbstract:
Every day, distractions keep people from maintaining focus and productivity. Music, in particular, is a distraction that can easily disrupt individuals mentally and physically. However, what if common distractions like music had the power to motivate people towards a goal rather than deter them from it? Regulatory Focus Theory offers an explanation for how this is possible. It posits two motivational foci: promotion and prevention. If individuals are promotion-focused, they seek positive outcomes, and if individuals are prevention-focused, they try to avoid negative outcomes.
The current study tested the assumption that avoiding distractions during goal pursuit matched the behavior of someone with a prevention focus better than someone with a promotion focus and simply being in a prevention focus when completing a task could increase an individual’s task enjoyment and performance when distractions were present. Participants were first given a questionnaire to determine their regulatory focus. Then their task was to solve math problems in the presence or absence of music which served as the distraction. The results of 150 participants did not support the hypotheses and showed that, regardless of whether a distraction was present or not, promotion-focused participants performed better and enjoyed the task more than their prevention-focused counterparts.
17
Larsson, Ellinor. "Promoting social activities and participation among seniors : exploring and evaluating social and Internet-based occupational therapy interventions." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arbetsterapi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-114436.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction The use of technology and Internet-based activities (IBAs) is increasing in society. However, seniors with limited experiences with the Internet can experience restricted participation in meaningful activities that are dependent on the Internet. Also, social transitions during aging might lead to reduced social activities and social contacts and to increased experiences of loneliness, all of which might have negative health implications. Therefore, there is a need to advance the knowledge of how occupational therapists can support seniors’ use of IBAs and create opportunities for social contacts and social activities during aging. Aim The overall aim of this thesis is to increase the knowledge of how Internet-based activities influence seniors’ participation in society, how seniors experience and are influenced by support from a social Internet-based occupational therapy intervention, and how different aspects of this intervention can contribute to healthy ageing. Methods In study I, seniors’ experiences of IBAs were explored and described through interviews with 10 seniors (66–82 years old) that were analyzed with the constant comparative method. In study II, a multiple case study with five seniors (65–85 years old) was used to explore the design of an Internet-based occupational therapy social intervention program and how it influenced social activities and social contacts among the participants. The qualitative and quantitative data from multiple sources were analyzed by pattern matching. In study III, an explorative randomized crossover study with an AB/BA design was conducted with 30 seniors (61–89 years old) who were vulnerable to loneliness and who participated in the intervention program. The quantitative data were analyzed with parametric and non-parametric statistics. In study IV, a qualitative interview study was conducted to collect the experiences of 15 seniors (66–87 years old) from the previous intervention process in study III. The interviews were analyzed with the constant comparative method. All participants in studies I–IV were community-dwelling, retired seniors without home-care services. Results Complex interactions of different aspects influence seniors’ possibilities and preferences for taking part in IBAs. The performance of IBAs yielded different experiences of participation in society (study I). The initial explorative results indicated that the client-centered and individually adapted intervention program supports participation in social IBAs (SIBAs) and other social contexts (study II). After participation in the intervention program, the experiences of loneliness significantly decreased, and satisfaction with social contacts on the Internet increased for one group (study III). If an individual’s requirements are met during the intervention process, experiences of habitual SIBA usage, increased self-reliance, and enriched social contacts and social activities both on and off the Internet might be facilitated (study IV). Conclusion This thesis provides knowledge of how social support, experiences of and accessibility to technology, life-changing events, and identified meaningfulness with online activities influence the motivation to participate in social and Internet-based activities. The occupational therapist should address the individual’s perspective in the intervention program so as to adapt the intervention and to support experiences of satisfactory participation and enhanced social activities and social contacts for seniors. In addition, healthy aging might be supported by the intervention program due to the reduction in loneliness and increased participation in social activities and society. Further evaluation of the framework and content of the intervention program for seniors with restricted participation in IBAs and SIBAs and high levels of loneliness is suggested.
18
Ricciardi, Joseph G. "Creating a Sustainable Art Therapy Program to Benefit the Homeless Population Residing at the Weingart Center Association| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10262771.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis project was to write a grant proposal to obtain funding for an art therapy program for the homeless population residing at the Weingart Center Association in the Skid Row neighborhood of downtown Los Angeles, California. The Weingart Center is a 562-bed emergency shelter facility which provides a range of social services for homeless adult men and women with the primary goals of rapid re-housing, job training and placement, and an end to substance use addiction.
While the Weingart Center provides valuable social services, this proposed project was designed as a rehabilitative form of treatment through evidence-based practices. The art therapy program would provide an outlet for creativity, the development of inner resources and the enhancement of residents’ sense of self-worth and personal ability. The actual submission and/or funding of this proposal were not required for the successful completion of this academic project.
19
Knight, Judith. "Occupational identity in later life." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2013. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/8868/.
Full textAbstract:
Occupational identity in later life represents a lifetime of occupational choices which encapsulate multiple meanings derived from the past and interpreted as a source of being in the present. Engaging in meaningful occupations has the potential to promote successful ageing, but health and declining capacities can influence that choice. The aim of this study was to explore the occupations that older people have engaged in during their lives, in particular, to discover how this influences occupational choice in later life. Ninety six people, aged 55 and over were recruited using local groups, organisations and communities of, or for older people. A survey questionnaire ascertained demographic and occupational data from this sample, which, largely concurred with national data. From those in the sample who had agreed to be interviewed, five women and three men aged between 64 and 92 were selected to reflect its diversity. A biographical approach was adopted and two to three in-depth interviews explored occupational life stories and the growth of occupational identity. Life chronologies provided a framework for narrative analysis of each biography which was followed by horizontal analysis to identify emerging themes. The findings demonstrate the considerable social changes that have occurred during the participants lives. Values, customs and occupational meaning gained early In life contributed to evolving occupational identity. Various factors such as family, class, gender and education for a young person in the 30's, 40's and 50's had a strong influence on opportunities and attainment in life. The gender imbalance In the years up to retirement, with men afforded greater opportunities than most of the women, was redressed after retirement with women having equal or greater occupational opportunity and choice than the men. Meaningful connection was the predominant form of meaning in both key occupations and daily routine, either through connection with the past self or 'being with' others in the present. A loss of occupational meaning, a state of 'being without' was identified following a major bereavement and new meaning was sought through occupations involving 'being with' others in an endeavour to accommodate a changed occupational identity. Finally the current conceptualisation of occupational identity reflects a western, but non-European, perspective, which this study demonstrated only pertained to the male participants, while the women demonstrated connectedness and interdependence. It is therefore important that the theoretical concept of occupational identity should in future include a notion of gender difference within it. A further study could explore a European perspective to ascertain if a gender difference exists in occupational identity for a younger cohort. Meanwhile, the findings from this study suggest that there is necessity for occupational therapists to promote occupation as part of the current drive for healthy ageing.
20
Abbott, Robin. "A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF THERAPEUTIC LISTENING ON THE SOCIAL AND FUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2620.
Full textAbstract:
Auditory sensory differences and sensitivities are often mentioned by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and in research involving children with ASD. Addressing these auditory processing differences is the goal of various auditory treatment techniques, but current research does not yield a body of evidence in support of auditory therapy as a treatment for children with ASD. This study is a single-subject study, repeated across two subjects, to investigate the effect of the Therapeutic Listening program on the social engagement and self-care skills of preschool-aged children with ASD. Both social engagement and self-care skills increased with for both subjects in this study. Also, parental stress associated with the mothers’ relationship to their child with ASD decreased. These outcomes indicate the Therapeutic Listening program can be a useful modality in the treatment of children with ASD; one that may improve the communication and function of the child and create an environment within the family that decreases maternal stress.
21
Bredfell, Josefine, and Sandra Eliasson. "“Fikarummet var min värsta mardröm” : En kvalitativ studie om hur personer med social ångest upplever att begränsad delaktighet i sociala aktiviteter påverkar dem i vardagen." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40746.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Social ångest yttrar sig genom att personen känner rädsla inför situationer där det finns risk att bli granskad av andra och undviker därför ofta att utsätta sig för detta. Personer som lever med social ångest upplever ofta försämrad livskvalité till följd av begränsad delaktighet i aktivitet. Syfte: Att beskriva hur personer med social ångest upplever att begränsad delaktighet i sociala aktiviteter påverkar dem i vardagen. Metod: Examensarbetet genomfördes som en kvalitativ fokusgruppsintervju genom en grupp via Facebook. Bekvämlighetsurval tillämpades via grupper på Facebook som riktar sig till personer med social ångest. Totalt elva deltagare medverkade i diskussionsgruppen. Intervjufrågorna publicerades som inlägg och deltagarna fick delge sina erfarenheter i kommentarsfälten där de även fick följdfrågor. Data analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Deltagarna upplevde att begränsningar i delaktighet i sociala aktiviteter påverkade dem inom tre huvudkategorier; Bristande delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter, obehag av folksamlingar samt utanförskap. Personerna upplevde omfattande svårigheter vid interaktion med andra människor, vilket påverkade deras delaktighet i sociala aktiviteter negativt. Slutsats: Deltagarna upplevde att begränsningar i sociala aktiviteter orsakade bristande delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter, begränsad förmåga att vistas bland främmande människor, platser med mycket folk, i nya miljöer samt att det kunde leda till utanförskap.Background: Social anxiety manifest in a person as fear and avoidance for a situation where there is a risk to feel judged by others. People living with social anxiety often experience impaired quality of life due to limited participation in activity. Purpose: To describe how people with social anxiety experience that limited participation in social activities affects them in everyday life. Method: The thesis was conducted as a qualitative interview by a group discussion through Facebook. Convenience sample was applied through Facebook groups aimed at people with social anxiety. A total of eleven participants attended the discussion group. The interview questions were published as post and the participants share their experiences in the comment section, where the authors also asked follow-up questions. Data was analysed by a qualitative content analysis. Result: The participants experienced that limitations in social activity participation affected them within three main categories; insufficient participation in everyday activities, discomfort of crowds and social exclusion. The participants experienced severe difficulties in interacting with other people, which affected their participation in social activities in a negative way. Conclusion: The participants experienced that limitations in social activities caused lack of participation in everyday activities, limited ability to be around strangers, places with a lot of people, new environments and could lead to social exclusion.
22
Crespi-Hunt, Celine F. "Expressions of social support| A qualitative analysis of psychotherapy with clients who have experienced trauma." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3589881.
Full textAbstract:
One commonly accepted protective factor, social support, is hypothesized to be both helpful and harmful following exposure to traumatic events (Bonanno, 2008; Ellis, Nixon, & Williamson, 2009; Lyons, 1991). Although at least 10 theoretical models have been proposed to explain the relationship between social support and post-traumatic responses, existing theories do not adequately capture the multidimensional experience of social support, which is comprised of several constructs and structures (e.g., received and perceived support; support functions and content). Moreover, existing social support theories have not been studied in research related to therapy with traumatized clients. The present study, therefore, examined how clients who experienced trauma expressed social support in psychotherapy. A qualitative content analysis was conducted using a directed coding system developed for this study that was based on the constructs and structures commonly discussed in psychology literature on post-traumatic experiences, namely: (a) received support, (b) perceived support, (c) extended support, (d) social support functions, and (e) social support contents.
The current study observed that clients who have experienced trauma are likely to mention social support in sessions but that salient factors related to the benefits and harms associated with social support were discussed less. Although many expressions of social support fell into "not otherwise specified" categories because the quality or type of support experienced was not clearly stated, inductive analysis identified the following salient factors: support needs, relationship elements, planned future support activities, past perceived support, and past support that did not occur. The study also provided support for some existing models of social support and trauma (i.e., network orientation, stress-buffering, erosion, social-cognitive processing, and COR models).
Clinical implications related to social support discussions in individual therapy include the need to examine and potentially change therapists' views of social support. Psychotherapists are encouraged to explore the support relationships identified by clients, as well as the quality and types of support experienced and perceived, in order to understand the role and impact of social support and address the benefits and risks associated with support. Clinicians should also recommend that clients engage in adjunctive mutual aid and affiliative support groups.
23
Ahmad, Ali. "Presence of stress reactions and coping mechanisms following traumatic upper limb injury in Arabic speaking adults in Kuwait and the influence on hand impairment status." Thesis, New York University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3729795.
Full textAbstract:
This exploratory repeated-measure study investigated the presence of stress reactions and coping mechanisms following traumatic upper limb injuries in 70 Arabic-speaking adults in Kuwait and the influence on hand impairment status. Data were collected twice, at the time of admittance to the hospital, and at the time of therapy conclusion. The presence of overall stress reaction, avoidance stress reaction, intrusive stress reaction, and the use of coping mechanisms have been confirmed at both admittance to the hospital and at the conclusion of therapy. The expression of overall stress reaction at the conclusion of therapy was slightly less than what the participants experienced at admittance to the hospital, though the difference was not significant. Use of coping mechanisms, on average, increased between the time of admittance to the hospital to the time of therapy conclusion. A positive correlation was established between hand impairment and each of the following: overall stress reaction, the avoidance and intrusion subscales, and problem solving-based coping. Furthermore, using baseline variables, problem solving-based coping and muscle/nerve tear diagnosis were related to how participants perceived their hand impairment at the time of therapy conclusion. This indicated that sustaining a muscle/nerve tear diagnosis is related to perceiving greater hand impairment than other types of injuries when patients are discharged from therapy. The findings also indicated that the higher the perception of hand impairment the more coping mechanisms participants had to use. A closer examination of the regression and correlation analyses revealed that when stress reaction increased, participants tended to report greater hand impairment and an increased use of coping mechanisms. Suggesting that subjects may have resorted to the use of problem-solving coping to manage the stress reaction they were experiencing. Giving rise to the possibility that problem-based coping may act as a mediator in the relationship between stress reaction and hand impairment. Thus, it is important for therapists to be aware of the presence and the relationship between these factors, and need to take into consideration stress reactions and the use of coping mechanisms when devising treatment plans for their patients to optimize recovery status.
24
Bianchi, Pamela Cristina. "Terapia ocupacional e a questão social : retratos da formação graduada a partir de um recorte latinoamericano." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7531.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T12:58:22Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
DissPCB.pdf: 2182133 bytes, checksum: 0d803e42f6e00f5f3239b7eb0ed02752 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:53:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPCB.pdf: 2182133 bytes, checksum: 0d803e42f6e00f5f3239b7eb0ed02752 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:54:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPCB.pdf: 2182133 bytes, checksum: 0d803e42f6e00f5f3239b7eb0ed02752 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T19:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissPCB.pdf: 2182133 bytes, checksum: 0d803e42f6e00f5f3239b7eb0ed02752 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
The Latin American social issue was built historically by the social relations and concentration of power and wealth of minorities, dominant classes and sectors. Latin America, characterized by economic inequalities and social vulnerabilities, becomes intervention stage of the professionals involved with the social reality and the effectiveness of social policies, as the occupational therapist. The first occupational therapy courses arose in some countries in the region as a technical profession in the 1950s with the support of foreign teachers. Focusing on a scrap from the Latin American context, except the Brazilian reality, this study aimed at understanding how it is carried out the graduate training of occupational therapists to work with contemporary social issues. In 2014 and 2015, period of this study, occupational therapy graduate education was present in 13 countries, in 72 courses, except those allocated in Brazil. To apprehend this scenario, there were employed three moments of data collection and analysis of its results: systematic survey of scientific literature selected in journals of the field and in two occupational therapy congresses held in the region; mapping of the 72 undergraduate courses through the investigation of electronic websites and questionnaires applied with their coordinators, obtaining 40 questionnaires; and conducting 23 interviews remotely with teachers who discuss about social issues in their subjects. The results revealed that the discussions present in the academic formation and scientific literature about the occupational therapeutic activities in socially vulnerable territories, are still scarce and not very representative among the other areas of expertise of the profession, especially those of biomedical nature. Nonetheless, it is observed that has expanded a movement guided in theoretical reflections, more critical and questioning about the use of precepts of individualistic nature towards the social needs of the region. It is considered necessary to develop theoretical and methodological frameworks specific in occupational therapy in Latin American countries, except Brazil, to work with the social question. It is hoped that the study can help to reduce borders between Brazil and the other countries in the region and stimulate new studies in the area regarding the occupational therapy themes and the social issue.
A questão social latino-americana construiu-se historicamente pelas relações sociais e concentração de poder e riquezas por minorias, classes e setores dominantes. A América Latina, caracterizada por desigualdades econômicas e vulnerabilidades sociais, se faz palco de intervenção de profissionais envolvidos com a realidade social e a efetivação de políticas sociais, como o terapeuta ocupacional. Os primeiros cursos de terapia ocupacional surgiram em alguns países da região como uma profissão técnica na década de 1950 com apoio de professores estrangeiros. Enfocando um recorte do contexto latino-americano, excetuando a realidade brasileira, o presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer como é realizada a formação graduada de terapeutas ocupacionais para o trabalho com a questão social contemporânea. Em 2014 e 2015, período de estudado, o ensino graduado de terapia ocupacional estava presente em 13 países, em 72 cursos, com exceção daqueles alocados no Brasil. Para a apreensão deste cenário, lançou-se mão de três momentos de coleta de dados e análise dos seus resultados: levantamento sistematizado de produções científicas selecionadas em periódicos da área e em dois congressos de terapia ocupacional realizados na região; mapeamento dos 72 cursos de graduação por meio da investigação dos sítios eletrônicos e aplicação de questionários com seus coordenadores, obtendo-se 40 questionários respondidos; e realização de 23 entrevistas à distância com professores que realizam a discussão sobre questão social em disciplinas. Os resultados revelaram que as discussões presentes na formação acadêmica e na produção científica a respeito da atuação terapêutico ocupacional em territórios vulneráveis socialmente ainda são escassas e pouco representativas dentre as demais áreas de atuação da profissão, principalmente àquelas ligadas à clínica. Contudo, observou-se que tem se ampliado um movimento pautado em reflexões teóricas mais críticas e questionadoras da utilização de preceitos de cunho individualista frente às necessidades sociais da região. Aponta-se necessário o desenvolvimento de referenciais teórico-metodológicos específicos da terapia ocupacional nos países latino-americanos, com exceção do Brasil, para o trabalho com a questão social. Espera-se que o estudo possa contribuir para diminuir fronteiras entre o Brasil e os demais países da região e estimular novos estudos na área a respeito da temática terapia ocupacional e questão social.
25
Duarte, Maria Luiza Mangino Cardoso. "Terapia ocupacional e a questão social no Brasil : uma análise de suas publicações." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8037.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-03T19:58:14Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
DissMLMCD.pdf: 3414228 bytes, checksum: ab057c3d4ef8af9d88eb659591fd3573 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:19:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMLMCD.pdf: 3414228 bytes, checksum: ab057c3d4ef8af9d88eb659591fd3573 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:19:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMLMCD.pdf: 3414228 bytes, checksum: ab057c3d4ef8af9d88eb659591fd3573 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:19:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMLMCD.pdf: 3414228 bytes, checksum: ab057c3d4ef8af9d88eb659591fd3573 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-20
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
In Brazil, where social issues arising from the structural inequality of a capitalist society did not lead to configuring a State of Social Welfare at any time in its history and that, moreover, it coexists with extreme levels of wealth concentration, encouraged the question about how, nowadays, this social issue is whether or not considered by occupational therapists. Understanding that occupational therapy is a profession that can direct its interest of study and involvement to the social inequalities and its problematics, and highlighting interventions and therapeutic-occupational propositions that occur with individuals who are on the margins of the social organization, this project made a proposal of research that goes back to the relationship between occupational therapy and the "social issues" in Brazil, focusing on the publications produced by researchers until March 2015, when data collection ended. The survey was conducted from the CNPq Research Groups Directory in the Lattes Platform, where occupational therapists researchers working in the occupational therapy subarea were selected in this directory. Then an assessment was held in their resumes on the same platform in order to gather all its productions in format of articles, books and / or book chapters, so that later those related to the subject studied could be selected. In addition to this source of information, all publications in this area in the two indexed Brazilian journals in the field were gathered. The aim was to bring together the production of researchers in occupational therapy with what has been brought in knowledge dissemination vehicles in the area. The data collected after the application of the inclusion criteria for the study were gathered in 112 texts of 155 different authors. The content thereof permitted to categorize and analyze what was produced in the academic area, allowing the apprehension of the theoretical foundation of the relationship between occupational therapy and social issues in Brazil. It is noteworthy that the productions on the theme intensified from the 2000s, and mostly cover the adult population. What has been proposed by social occupational therapy in Brazil and the authors linked to METUIA Project marks sharply the set of this production. Moreover, it is clear that professionals turn to the demands arising from the social question in Brazil, noting that occupational therapy has indeed tools and resources to do so.
No Brasil, onde a questão social decorrente da desigualdade estrutural de uma sociedade capitalista não levou à configuração de um Estado de Bem-Estar Social em nenhum momento da sua história e que, além disso, se convive com índices extremados de concentração da riqueza, motivou a indagação de como, nos dias atuais, essa questão social vem sendo ou não considerada pelos terapeutas ocupacionais. Entendendo que a terapia ocupacional é uma profissão que pode direcionar seu interesse de estudo e envolvimento às problemáticas e desigualdades sociais, e destacando as intervenções e proposições terapêutico-ocupacionais que ocorrem com sujeitos que se encontram à margem da organização social, fez-se a proposta de uma pesquisa que se voltasse para a relação existente entre a terapia ocupacional e a “questão social” no Brasil, tomando como foco as publicações produzidas pelos pesquisadores da área até março de 2015, quando a coleta de dados foi encerrada. O levantamento foi feito a partir do Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq na Plataforma Lattes, onde foram selecionados os pesquisadores terapeutas ocupacionais que atuam na subárea de terapia ocupacional nesse Diretório. Em seguida, realizou-se uma consulta em seus currículos na mesma plataforma, a fim de reunir todas as suas produções em formato de artigos, livros e/ou capítulos de livros, para que posteriormente pudessem ser selecionadas aquelas relacionadas à temática em tela. Além dessa fonte de informações, foram também buscadas todas as publicações nesse âmbito das duas revistas brasileiras indexadas da área. O intuito foi reunir a produção dos pesquisadores da terapia ocupacional com aquilo que vem sendo trazido nos veículos de divulgação do conhecimento na área. Os dados coletados, depois da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão no estudo, foram reunidos em 112 textos de 155 diferentes autores. O conteúdo dos mesmos permitiram categorizar e analisar o que foi produzido na área acadêmica, possibilitando a apreensão da fundamentação teórica da relação entre a terapia ocupacional e a questão social no Brasil. Destaca-se que as produções sobre a temática intensificaram-se a partir dos anos 2000, e majoritariamente abrangem a população adulta. Aquilo que vem sendo proposto pela terapia ocupacional social no Brasil e as autoras ligadas ao Projeto METUIA marcam de forma acentuada o conjunto dessa produção. Além disso, é possível afirmar que os profissionais se voltam para as demandas decorrentes da questão social no Brasil, apontando que a profissão apresenta sim ferramentas e recursos para tanto.
26
Rutqvist, Madeleine, and Emma Stenlund. "Äldre personers erfarenheter av social delaktighet vid ensamhet och social isolering : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84917.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att sammanställa och beskriva äldre personers erfarenheter av social delaktighet vid ensamhet och social isolering. Litteraturöversikten genomfördes med resultat från 13 st kvalitativa artiklar inhämtade från databaserna PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO och AMED. Författarna identifierade likheter och skillnader och dataanalysen resulterade i två teman; När det sociala livet förändras samt Att upprätthålla social delaktighet. Resultatet visar på att förluster i det sociala nätverket och sviktande hälsa påverkar äldre personers sociala delaktighet. Det framkommer även att aktiviteter som utförs i enskildhet eller tillsammans med andra var ett sätt att hantera förluster i det sociala nätverket. Vidare framkommer det att nära relationer samt att engagera sig i andra och göra aktiviteter tillsammans är viktiga för välmående och kan även fungera som stöd vid förändringar i livet. Slutsatsen i litteraturöversikten är att klientcentrering är av vikt för att främja till social delaktighet då äldre personer har olika behov och hanterar förändring på olika sätt. Vidare är det av vikt att utveckla interventioner med fokus på aktiviteter i sällskap med andra för att stödja social delaktighet för äldre personer.The purpose of this literature review was to compile and describe older people's experiences of social participation in loneliness and social isolation. The literature review was performed with results from 13 qualitative articles obtained from the databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AMED. The authors identified similarities and differences and the data analysis resulted in two themes; When social life changes and To maintain social participation. The results show that losses in the social network and failing health influences older people’s social participation. It also appears that activities performed alone or together with others were a way of dealing with losses in the social network. Furthermore, it emerges that close relationships and doing activities for and with others are important for well-being and can also serve as support for changes in life. The conclusion of this literature review is that client centeredness is important for promoting social participation as older people have different needs and handle a changed life situation in different ways. Further, it is important to develop interventions with focus on activities in the company of others to support possibilities for social participation among older people.
27
Stewart, Sandra Elizabeth. "A randomised trial of occupational therapy led versus social work led assessment of frail older people in the community." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423792.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of occupational therapist-led with social worker-led assessments of older people, on dependency and service use and a parallel health economic evaluation to compare additional benefits of intervention with the change in costs. Design: The clinical trial was a pragmatic community based randomised controlled trial over 28 months. The economic evaluation compared costs and consequences in a cost utility analysis. Setting: Cambridgeshire, UK. Participants: 321 older people aged 65 and over living in their own homes and 113 carers. Intervention: Participantsw ere randomisedt o receive either occupationatlh erapistled or social worker-led assessment. Outcome measures: The primary outcome was dependency using the Community Dependency Index. Secondary outcomes included quality of life scores using EuroQol (EQ-5D) and psychological outlook using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Outcome measures for carers included Carer Assessment of Difficulty (CADI), PSS and EQ-5D. Measures were collected at baseline, four and eight months, and resource use data from health and social care records, participants and carers at eight months. Results: 264 (82%) of randomised participants completed the study. No betweengroup statistically significant differences were found, except better scores for carers in the OT arm for EQ-5D scores at eight month follow-up (thermometer pß. 03) and in the SW arm, for CADI scores on Stress (p= 0.047) and Amount of Caring (p= 0.049). Mean total costs of care per participant were £3765 and £3113 for the OT and SW arms respectively. Difference in mean cost per case was £652 with 95%CI [-£282 to £1587] but not statistically significant. Conclusions: There was no clear difference In patient-centred effec iveness measures between occupational therapists and social workers in assessing frail older people and their carers in the community, nor In care costs per patient. Delays in OT assessments and in completing recommended housing adaptations perhaps contributed to these negative findings.
28
MacGregor, Susan. "A mixed methods study of the integration of health and social care occupational therapy provision : the complexity of change." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687406.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction The aim of this study was to generate new knowledge in occupational therapy practice. The study explored the change management process employed to develop integration of health and social care, evaluate the waiting lists, identify the critical success factors and the barriers to successful implementation of integrated practice In NHS Highland. Methods Mixed methods were employed to examine the change process following integration. Staff perceptions have been explored through a survey and participation in semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data was generated in a survey using the Health and Safety Executive Work Related Stress Tool which is valid and reliable. The data was collected at two points in time and was subjected to statistical analysis (n=27 & 26 respectively). Details of the waiting lists were collected from each area at two points during the study. Interviews were undertaken with a purposive selection of occupational therapists (n=lO), five from health and five from the ex-local authority. The data from the interviews were thematically analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Results The superordinate themes identified in this study relate to communication issues and concerns for professional practice. Staff reported their main stressor to be the lack of effective leadership and their relationship with managers. Therapists have identified co-location, and shared learning to be positive factors for integration. Barriers are identified as incompatible computer systems, perceived incompetence, and lack of a shared vision. The waiting list reduced during the study period. This was due to changes in the referral process, which resulted in therapists and other health professionals being able to action services directly from providers, rather than through occupational therapists. Implications for practice Integrated health and social occupational therapy services have the potential to develop effective relationships, reduce duplication and provide co-ordinated services with a single point of access for service users. Staff require to be involved at all stages of the change process in order to implement the integration of health and social care within their locality. The results could have implications for improving the effectiveness of integrated services generally. Summary The results of this study will be used to increase understanding of the barriers and critical success factors to develop effective, collaborative relationships and integration of health and social care occupational therapy provision.
29
Maloney, Susan Margret. "Occupational performance of collegiate high-risk drinking as a serious leisure hobby." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2008. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/3.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this grounded theory qualitative study was to examine the experiences of college students who defined themselves as high-risk drinkers in order to understand the meaning and purpose that engagement in such a leisure occupation held for them. By examining the world of high-risk drinking, the study also sought to develop an understanding of the impact that high-risk drinking had upon psychosocial development during the college years. Individual open-ended interviews were conducted with four male and four female participants (aged 21 to 27). The data were analyzed by three analysts utilizing constant comparative procedures. The findings revealed an emergent grounded theory indicating high-risk drinking adhere to the serious leisure hobby framework developed by Stebbins (2007). As such, the participants had a long-term time investment with drinking, developed special skills through sustained effort, solidified a unique identity as a hobbyist, found deep meaning and purpose through the hobby, and performed the hobby within a unique and special world in concert with other hobbyists. Their high-risk drinking provided structure and a sense of belongingness within the larger university context. Further, the findings indicate that across time, facilitating factors catalyzed their engagement in the hobby, while the moderating factors became less influential. The participants also believed that their highrisk drinking will easily diminish post-graduation merely by changing their life role and context. iv Envisioning high-risk drinking as a serious leisure hobby, rather than a psychiatric or medical disorder, provides an alternative framework upon which prevention and intervention programming may be focused. Occupational therapist could provide an important health care role on campuses by assisting students to (a) understand the factors underlying the appeal of high-risk drinking, (b) understand the implications that a restricted range of leisure occupations may have upon their health, psychosocial development, and occupational identity, and (c) explore alternative health-producing leisure occupations.
30
Rabaey, Paula Ann. "Mealtime insights: A Photovoice project with African American mothers and their young children." Diss., NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/64.
Full textAbstract:
Mothering is a complex and multifaceted occupation that encompasses the nurturing work that women engage in. It addition, it has been established that ethnicity, class, and gender have effects on motherhood that need to be taken into account when looking at the occupations of motherhood across cultures. One important task that occurs within a mothers’ daily routine is that of making meals for their children. This dissertation sought to gain a rich, in-depth description of the phenomenon of the mealtime experience for African American mothers of low socioeconomic status and young children living in an inner-city environment in the Midwest. This study used a phenomenological approach with modified photovoice and photo-elicitation interviews to capture the essence of mealtime for African American mothers raising young children. Six mothers were recruited for the study and consented to two in-depth interviews. Individual interviewing occurred along with a second photo elicitation interview with the participant’s photographs. Phenomenological analyses were used for textual data; the photographs were analyzed separately and then together with the textual data from the photo-elicitation interviews. Results of this study indicated the intricate complexities of the occupation of mealtime and mothering with African American mothers. From the photo-elicitation interviews, five themes and three subthemes emerged: (a) Sometimes it doesn’t happen smoothly, (b) We’re all together, (c) We sit there and we talk, (d) It’s an accomplishment, and (e) We’re in the kitchen together. Three subthemes also emerged: (a) Putting in the effort, (b) It was kind of a teaching moment, and (c) It’s like déjà vu. This research (a) promotes a greater understanding of mothers’ perceptions around mealtime with their young children, especially those mothers who have varied cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds; and (b) suggests a need for increased family-centered and culturally aware training. This study demonstrates how photo techniques can enhance the depth of phenomenological analysis to explicate meaning around mealtime occupations with a diverse group of mothers.
31
Funk, Karen. "Voice of Obesity: The Lived Experience of Mexican-American Women with Obesity Living along the El Paso/Mexico Border." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2011. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/10.
Full textAbstract:
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Occupational Therapy, Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."Obesity is a global public health issue, yet interventions to create change have been largely ineffective. Few researchers have considered obesity from the perspective of the person experiencing it, and even fewer have explored the effects obesity has on the Mexican-American population. This dissertation explored the lived experiences of Mexican-American women with obesity living along the El Paso/Mexico border. The study used occupational therapy's Lifestyle Performance Model as the orienting framework. Theoretical concepts from psychology and sociology also clarified contexts of social construction and outcomes of negative stereotyping. Using a phenomenological, qualitative design, this study answered the following research question: What are the lived experiences of Mexican-American women with obesity living along the El Paso/Mexico border? Eight women participated in the study, ranging in age from 25-45 years. The women were recruited though posted flyers and snowball sampling methods. Individual, in-depth interviewing resulted in emergent themes and subthemes that articulated the core essence of their lived experiences. The dominant themes of the study portrayed obesity as a: (a) pervasive entity, (b) disruption to a harmonious self, (c) social negotiation, (d) disconnection from self and others, and (e) product of cultural patterning. Through the voices of the participants, results showed that obesity affects physical and emotional health, which alters lifestyle performance and overall quality of life. Cultural and environmental factors also significantly influence active engagement in meaningful occupation. The data suggest a need for clinician training, student education, and advocacy skills for individuals who live with obesity. Further topics for future research and detailed recommendations regarding treatment interventions are also discussed.
32
Schmelzer, Laura. "Uncovering the complexities associated with promoting health : mothers' perceptions of the challenges and supports to raising healthy children in today's society." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2011. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/7.
Full textAbstract:
November 2011.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
Childhood obesity has been identified as a serious public health concern for over a decade. To date, no one has examined the complex interactions which seem to be occurring within this epidemic using an exploratory approach. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the complex interaction between the decisions mothers make when attempting to promote health in their children and the environmental factors which influence these decisions. A grounded theory approach guided this exploration. Eleven mothers of children aged 7-12 participated in this study. Data collection included two semi-structured interviews, personal diary entries, a parenting style questionnaire, and a demographic data sheet. Constant comparative analysis resulted in six main themes. These include: Managing Time, Managing Chaos; Managing Health from a Distance; Cultural Infatuation with Food (food is always available); Fluctuating Challenges and Supports; Strategies; and Resulting Actions/Interactions. Additionally, this research resulted in a proposition and substantive-level theory which helps illustrate and explain the complex interactions between the mothers and the surrounding context as well as the resultant influence on performance.
33
Johansson, Victoria, and Emmie Henningsson. "Hur unga vuxna med autism upplever vänskapsrelationer : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130577.
Full textAbstract:
Att ha autism innebär att individen drabbats av en funktionsnedsättning som påverkar utvecklingen och beteendet. Detta kan uttrycka sig på olika sätt och därmed variera med tanke på ålder och begåvning. Alla individer med autism har svårigheter med kommunikationen. Svårigheten ligger i att använda det språk som de har samt använda både verbal- och ickeverbal kommunikation. Den sociala fritidens mål är att vara med andra och finna stöd hos andra människor och strävan är att skapa relationer och acceptans. Problemområdet baserades på observationer under den verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen, där unga vuxna med autism hade svårt att interagera med sina vänner. Detta sågs som ett problem som behövde kartläggas ytterligare. Syftet är att kartlägga vilka möjligheter och svårigheter unga vuxna 18-25 år med autism upplever angående social interaktion med vänner. En kvalitativ studie har genomförts, där sammanlagt 9 deltagare intervjuats. Resultatet visar på att det finns både främjande och stödjande faktorer som påverkar interaktionen med vänner samt att det finns ett stort behov av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner. Resultatet sammanfattas i 5 olika teman; betydelse av en bra vän, sociala medier, bibehålla kontakten, förväntningar och bemötande från samhället och gemensamma intressen. Behovet av interventioner angående vänskapsrelationer för målgruppen behöver kartläggas ytterligare.Having autism means the individual suffers from a developmental disorder and behavior. This can be expressed in different ways and varies depending on age and talent. All individuals with autism have difficulty with communication, both using language and use of verbal and nonverbal communication. The social leisure time goal is to be with others and find the support of other people and strive to create relationships and acceptance. The problem area was identified based on observations in clinical education, where young adults with autism had difficulty interacting with friends. This was seen as a problem that needed to be investigated further. The aim of this study is to identify opportunities and difficulties of young adults aged 18 to 25 years with autism regarding their social interaction with friends. Nine participants were interviewed. The results show that there are both promoting and supporting factors affecting the interaction with friends and there is a great need for occupational therapy interventions. The result was summarized into five themes; importance of a good friend, social media, maintaining contact, expectations and behavior of society, and common interests. The need for interventions regarding friendship for the target group needs to be investigated further.
34
Vianna, Eduardo Ewerton Sousa. "Terapia ocupacional social: diálogos com a Política Nacional de Assistência Social." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6875.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:44:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
5458.pdf: 1104732 bytes, checksum: 5204343ec8b17082b283ab847f0514fd (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013-05-29Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The 1988 Brazilian Constitution introduces social welfare as a social security policy and a citizen s right. This way the promulgation of the Organic Law of Social Welfare in 1993 and the creation of a decentralized public system led to the approval of the Social Welfare National Policy (SWNP), whose management is undertaken by the Unified Social Welfare System (USWS). The National Counsil of Welfare, supported by the Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation (MSD), proposed the debate process for the definition of Social Welfare workers (DPDSWW) and also to help on the definition of the teams that would become responsible for organizing and providing social assistance services. Occupational therapists and other professional groups were included in this process; in the outcome occupation therapy was ratified as an integral part of the USWS. This study aims to contribute to the debate on occupational therapy in USWS by describing mobilizations and arguments for the recognition of its contribution and importance in this context, during the participation of the professional group in the DPDSWW. This is a study which took form with the data collected in the documentary research on the regulatory frameworks of SWNP and USWS, and also with correspondences taken from the online discussion forum of National Workgroup on Occupational Social Therapy (GNTOSOCIAL, in Portuguese) which is organized and coordinated by the Brazilian Association of Occupational Therapists (ABRATO, in Portuguese). Interviews (with three of the protagonists) and questionnaires (performed with nine occupational therapists from GNTOSOCIAL) complemented this data. We were able to identify which occupational therapists and institutions have participated in DPDSWW and how they have worked. We verified that ABRATO organized associations, the METUIA Project, occupational therapists and teachers around the GNTOSOCIAL discussion forum. A national movement was constructed from this list for the participation of the professional group in DPDSWW. This group faced constraints on being present in all regions and participating in debates, seeking consensus and earning new subscriptions to their cause. GNTOSOCIAL s participation was crucial for the outcome of the DPDSWW, as acting foundations for occupational therapists in social warfare were brought to debate. We found that new challenges are being faced by occupational therapists after DPDSWW. However, the modification of curricular guidelines seems urgent, as it should emphasize subjects regarding social occupational therapy and ensure students gain experience from the social welfare network, with qualified tutors in the social field. Research and postgraduate training are important for social occupational therapy when it comes to individuals skill development, their own knowledge and services, which are offered by several social policies.
A Constituição de 1988 introduz a assistência social como política de seguridade social e direito do cidadão. Dessa forma, a promulgação da Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social em 1993 e a construção de um sistema público descentralizado culminaram com a aprovação da Política Nacional de Assistência Social PNAS, cuja gestão se faz pelo Sistema Único de Assistência Social-SUAS. Nesse contexto, para subsidiá-lo na definição das profissões a integrar equipes responsáveis pela organização e prestação dos serviços socioassistenciais, o Conselho Nacional de Assistência Social CNAS, com apoio do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate a Fome MDS, realizou o processo de debates para definição dos trabalhadores da assistência social PDDTAS. Terapeutas ocupacionais e demais categorias profissionais participaram deste processo, e, em seu desfecho, a terapia ocupacional foi ratificada integrando os recursos humanos do SUAS. Este estudo objetiva contribuir para o debate sobre a terapia ocupacional no SUAS, descrevendo mobilizações e argumentos para o reconhecimento de sua contribuição e importância nesse âmbito, durante a participação da categoria no PDDTAS. Os dados foram construídos através de pesquisa documental sobre marcos normativos da PNAS e do SUAS e das correspondências da Lista de Discussão online do Grupo de Trabalho Nacional em Terapia Ocupacional Social GNTOSOCIAL (organizado e coordenado pela Associação Brasileira de Terapeutas Ocupacionais ABRATO). Entrevistas com três dos protagonistas do processo e questionários realizados com nove terapeutas ocupacionais do GNTOSOCIAL complementaram esses dados. Identificamos quais terapeutas ocupacionais e instituições participaram do PDDTAS e como atuaram. Verificamos que a ABRATO organizou associações, o Projeto METUIA, terapeutas ocupacionais e docentes em torno da lista de discussão online do GNTOSOCIAL. Através desta lista, construiu-se um movimento nacional para a participação da categoria na PDDTAS. O grupo enfrentou limitações para estar presente em todas as regiões e participar dos debates, buscando consensos e conquistando adesões ao seu pleito. A participação do GNTOSOCIAL foi decisiva para o desfecho do PDDTAS, pois fundamentos da atuação do terapeuta ocupacional no campo social foram postos em debate. Verificou-se que novos desafios vêm sendo enfrentados pelos terapeutas ocupacionais após o PDDTAS. No entanto, parece urgente modificarem-se diretrizes curriculares, enfatizando-se disciplinas da terapia ocupacional social e garantindo-se aos estudantes a experiência na rede socioassistencial, com preceptores qualificados no campo social. São importantes a pesquisa e a formação na pós-graduação na terapia ocupacional social, para o desenvolvimento de competências, conhecimentos e serviços próprios, prestados nas diversas políticas sociais.
35
Larsson, Malin, and Johanna Thornberg. "Barn med autism : En litteraturstudie om arbetsterapeutiska interventioner samt hur familjer påverkas av att leva med ett barn med autism." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29330.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Utveckling av färdigheter i aktiviteter i dagliga livet är viktigt för att kunna bli självständig i sin vardag. Hos barn med diagnosen autism är det vanligt att de färdigheter som krävs för att bli självständig aldrig utvecklas. Aktiviteter som sker i barndomen ligger till grund för hur utvecklingen sker och vilka kompetenser som skapas för framtiden Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur arbetsterapeuten arbetar med barn med autism i åldrarna 2-12 år samt hur barnets omgivning påverkas av att leva med ett barn med autism. Metod: Metoden i denna studie utgjorde en litteraturstudie innehållande tio vetenskapliga artiklar som hittades via systematiska databassökningar. Resultat: Vid analys av data framkom fyra ämnesområden, social integration, kommunikation, sensorik och motorik. Områdena innefattade arbetsterapeutiska interventioner och dess effekt. Ett femte område kunde även urskiljas gällande hur familjer påverkas av att leva med ett barn med autism. Slutsats: Resultatet visade att djur och lek var vanligt förekommande interventionsformer. Interventionerna skedde i olika former i syfte att förbättra barnets sociala integration, kommunikation, sensorik eller motorik. I studien har författarna sett att familjens rutiner till stor del styrs av barnet med autism.
36
Lundström, Clara, and Robin Håkansson. "Äldres perspektiv på social delaktighet i ett digitaliserat samhälle : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178435.
Full textAbstract:
Äldre personer har ofta mindre social delaktighet jämfört med den resterande befolkningen. Att ha lite social delaktighet är kopplat till negativa hälsoeffekter såsom ensamhet eller social isolering. Digital teknik kan användas för att hitta information och kommunicera med andra personer. Det kan också minska de negativa hälsoeffekterna, genom att bidra till ökad social delaktighet, men för att använda digital teknik behövs digital kompetens. Syftet är att undersöka äldres erfarenheter och upplevelser av att använda digital teknik genom mobiler, datorer eller surfplattor för ökad social delaktighet. Genom att göra en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt hittades likheter och skillnader i de valda artiklarna. Äldre personer har genom digital teknik fått många nya positiva erfarenheter och upplevelser, exempelvis genom att hitta nya sätt att få kontakt med sitt kontaktnät och samhället. Äldre upplevde det meningsfullt att lära sig använda digital teknik och internet då det ledde till ökad social delaktighet, både i den fysiska och digitala världen.
37
Grimaldi, Gary. "Adolescents' lived experiences during treatment of cancer and impact on social participation." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2011. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/9.
Full textAbstract:
March 2011.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
This phenomenological study was designed to understand the lived experience of adolescents being treating for cancer and the impact of their lived experience on engagement in occupations and social participation. Participants in this study included four young adolescents 17-19 years of ages attending school on a part-time basis. They were on active treatment protocols for cancer and enjoyed participating in sports or other activities with friends. In-depth structured interviews with questions to illuminate the impact of cancer treatment on social participation were completed and audio recorded. Data analysis was completed utilizing a phenomenological reduction method to determine emerging themes and significant statements. A description of the experience and its meaning were then developed from themes emerging from the perspective of the participants. The four major themes and sub themes resulting from this study were: 1. Change of Lifestyle a) Physical & Emotional Pain of Living b) School Re-entry--A Saving Grace; 2. Exploring New Occupations a) Adapting Occupations b) Awakening or Confirming Beliefs; 3. Reconnecting with Family a) Importance of Support b) A Kid Again. 4. Living with Cancer Isn't Easy a) Isolation b) Hidden Disability. The findings revealed lifestyle changes, which these adolescents needed to deal with in order to maintain a sense of routine and engagement in occupation. Changes in appearance, physical strength, and overall endurance impacted the participants' ability to engage in occupation(s) which often led to isolation among their peers. In spite of this, participants discovered new occupations that were less physically demanding but still fostered social participation with peers. The study of social participation for adolescents with cancer has implications for and can assist in developing client-centered interventions and simultaneously increase occupational therapy's understanding of these individuals during a transitional period of their lives.
38
Biberg, Elisabeth, and Terese Falk. "Arbetsterapeuters kliniska resonemang i interventioner i psykiatrisk verksamhet : erfarenheter av att främja delaktighet och social interaktion i rehabilitering." Thesis, Umeå University, Occupational Therapy, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-30751.
Full textAbstract:
Förmåga till social interaktion är betydande för om en person med psykisk sjukdom kan bygga upp ett socialt liv och delta i samhället. Delaktighet i de dagliga aktiviteterna i livet är också viktigt för människans utveckling och erfarenhet. Arbetsterapeuter kan stödja individer att uppnå optimal hälsa och välbefinnande genom att stärka individens färdigheter i just dessa områden. Kliniskt resonemang, är en naturlig del i arbetsterapeutens arbete som reflekterar hur patientens behov analyseras och hur åtgärder genomförs. Syftet var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters kliniska resonemang i rehabiliteringsprocessen med klienter inom psykiatrisk verksamhet, med fokus på interventioner som främjar delaktighet och social interaktion. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes. Sex yrkesverksamma arbetsterapeuter intervjuades personligen eller via telefon och data analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultatet utgjordes av tre kategorier: ”procedurspåret”, ”samspelsspåret” och ”förutsättningsspåret. Procedurspåret beskriver hur arbetsterapeuten tydliggör klientens förmåga och oförmåga för att främja klientens delaktighet i sin rehabilitering. Samspelsspåret reflekterar hur arbetsterapeuterna använder sociala aktivitetsgrupper för att främja klienternas sociala interaktioner. Förutsättningsspåret visar på hur arbetsterapeuten kan vara som ett stöd för att främja rehabiliteringsprocessen. Slutsatsen visar på att arbetsterapeuten växlar mellan olika resonemang för att hjälpa klienten uppnå ett självständigt och tillfredsställande liv.
39
Reis, Tiy de Albuquerque Maranhão. "A terapia ocupacional social: análise da produção científica do estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5163/tde-25032009-090728/.
Full textAbstract:
Este estudo analisa o processo de consolidação da Terapia Ocupacional Social, com base na produção científica do estado de São Paulo. Tal campo, criado nos anos 1970, desenvolveu-se a partir de debates nas instituições de ensino de São Paulo, cuja produção tem sido fundamental para seu desenvolvimento no Brasil, com significativas contribuições no âmbito teórico e prático. Como fontes, utilizaram-se os trabalhos apresentados nos seis últimos Congressos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional, bem como a bibliografia sobre o tema. A análise evidenciou as questões levantadas através desse campo, identificou seus principais autores e suas contribuições: o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para lidar com as questões sociais vinculadas à ação junto às(aos) pessoas/grupos em processo de rupturas de redes sociaisThis study analyses the Social Occupational Therapy consolidation process based on the scientific production from the state of São Paulo, in whose educational institutions such field, created in the 1970s, was developed by means of several debates. This gave rise to a fundamental production for its development in Brazil, with significant theoretical and practical contributions. The works presented in the six last Brazilian Congresses of Occupational Therapy, as well as the existent bibliography on the subject were used as sources of research. The analysis outlined the questions raised by this field, identified its main authors and their contributions: the development of technologies to deal with social issues related to procedures concerning people/groups going through processes of social net rupture
40
Larsson, Lund Maria. "Living with physical disability : experiences of the rehabilitation process, occupations and participation in everyday life." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-317.
Full text
41
Coetzee, Simone. "'Connecting people and the earth' : the occupational experience of people with different capabilities participating in an inclusive horticultural social enterprise." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14754.
Full textAbstract:
Social enterprises have responded to personalisation of social care with enthusiasm as they aim to improve communities, investing profits into social or environmental aims (The Plunkett Foundation 2010). Personalisation has, likewise, heightened interest in services offered to people with disabilities, beyond those offered by local authorities and the NHS. The goals of the social enterprise in this study reflected the values of green care, which enables engagement with nature to produce health, social and education benefits (Fieldhouse & Sempik 2014). Green care and personalisation can both be understood from an occupational perspective, based on the idea that occupation sustains well-being in individuals. If social enterprises can create person-centred occupational experiences for people, they can play an important part in bridging the gap between traditional care settings and community participation. This research examined a social enterprise involved in food growing using a permaculture approach (Holmgren 2011); addressing the question: What is the occupational experience of people with and without disabilities participating in an inclusive horticultural social enterprise? This qualitative research used participatory action research (PAR) and critical ethnography as methodologies to build a case study of the social enterprise. Methods used were photography, mapping, and other accessible modes of data collection. Two PAR groups involving twenty-two people were convened, followed by six key-informant interviews. A reflexive log was maintained throughout project planning and PAR processes. Participants contributed to data analysis, identifying early themes, and interviews added context to the three final themes: Exclusion within inclusion; choice, transformation and ownership; and people, place and participation. As a result of the study the author considers that there are a number of governance and power challenges within green care social enterprises but these organisations have a role in addressing marginalisation through reducing bureaucratic barriers to social change and increasing skills for resilience and sustainability.
42
Du, Preez Karlien. "An exploration of the occupational-life-trajectories of five young men in the Heideveld community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80039.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MOccTher)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Heideveld, a suburb that forms part of the “Cape Flats”, is plagued by high levels of crime, gangsterism, unemployment and relative poverty. I became specifically interested in the occupations of the young men in Heideveld, as I often observed them loitering in the streets, at an age when they should have been in school, studying or starting a career. This led me to wonder about the repertoire of occupations that they had performed over the course of their lives, i.e. their occupational-life-trajectories. I became interested in the influence that the environment and their personal attributes had on the occupations that they performed over time. Guided by the Person-Environment-Occupation model as a conceptual tool I decided to explore the occupational-life-trajectories of men between the ages of 20 and 25 throughout the course of their life, up to their current age. At the organisation where I volunteered during my time in Heideveld, there was a weekly programme for the children and young women (aged 12 to 22), but nothing for young men, which prompted my interest in doing research about this age group. My initial thinking was to form the theoretical basis from which an occupation-based intervention group could be developed. I intended to explore what had motivated occupational participation throughout their lives, how certain occupations developed over time and the influence of the environment on their occupations. Snowball sampling was applied to gain access to the participants. Using a qualitative approach I combined a method called PhotoVoice with individual, narrative interviews, in order to collect data on the occupational-life-trajectories of five young men from Heideveld. PhotoVoice is a participant-based method that allowed the interviewees to take photos of occupations that they have performed throughout their lives. The photographs were used to facilitate the interview process along with two or three guiding questions. Within-case and cross-case analysis were used to find themes that pertained to the aims of the study. I uncovered five themes in my analysis: “Ons gee nie krag weg nie/We don’t give away power”, “Ons het saam geloop/We ‘hang out’ together”, “Ek het baie probleme by die huis gehet/I had many problems at home”, “Die lewe is swaar hier buite/Life is hard out here” and “Ek wil net uit hierdie plek kom/I just want to get away from this place”. I found that the environment played a large role in the occupational-life-trajectories of the participants. I also found that the participants’ sense of masculinity, gender and identity affected their occupational choices and participation. I explain the peer nature and motivational factors influencing gangsterism and drug use as they manifested in the young men’s lives. I concluded that an occupation-based intervention programme might address certain aspects such as occupational choice and exposure, but that wider, more long-lasting intervention was necessary to truly make a difference in the occupational-life-trajectories of young men in Heideveld. After taking the support structures in the physical environment into consideration, recommendations were made in terms of the family unit, the peer group, education, skills training and community empowerment. Furthermore, as the organisation already serves boys between 10 and 14 years and a greater impact may be possible at this life stage, more detailed recommendations were developed regarding a possible occupational therapy intervention programme.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Heideveld, ‘n voorstad wat deel vorm van die Kaapse Vlaktes, gaan gebuk onder hoë vlakke van misdaad, bende bedrywighede, werkloosheid en relatiewe armoede. Ek het ‘n spesifieke belangstelling ontwikkel in die “occupations”¹ van die jong mans in Heideveld, omdat ek dikwels waargeneem het dat hulle in the strate drentel, op’n ouderdom wat hulle op skool moes gewees het, besig om te studeer, of om ‘n loopbaan to begin. Dit het my laat wonder oor die verskillende “occupations” waaraan hulle deelneem gedurende hulle lewens, m.a.w. hulle “occupational-life-trajectories²”. Ek was geïnteresseerd oor die invloed wat die omgewing en hulle persoonlike eienskappe gehad het op die “occupations” waarin hulle oor ‘n tydperk deelgeneem het. Gelei deur die “Person-Environment-Occupation” model as ‘n konseptuele instrument, het ek besluit om die “occupational-life-trajectories” van mans tussen die ouderdomme van 20 en 25, gedurende die tydperk van hulle lewens tot en met hul huidige ouderdomme, te bestudeer. By die organisasie waar ek ‘n vrywilliger was gedurende my tyd in Heideveld, was daar ‘n weeklikse program vir kinders en jonger vrouens (vanaf ouderdom 12 tot 22), maar niks vir jong mans nie. Dit het gelei tot my belangstelling om navorsing omtrent hierdie ouderdomsgroep te doen. My aanvanklike gedagtes was om ‘n teoretiese basis te vorm waarvandaan ‘n “occupation”-gebaseerde intervensie-program ontwikkel kon word. Ek wou die motivering agter die jong mans se “occupational”-deelname, hoe sekere “occupations” oor tyd ontiwkkel en die invloed van die omgewing op hul “occupations” verken. Sneeubalsteekproeftrekking is gebruik om toegang tot die deelnemers te kry. Deur ‘n kwalitatiewe benadering te gebruik, het ek ‘n metode genaamd “PhotoVoice” met individuele, narratiewe onderhoude gekombineer, om data te versamel omtrent die “occupational-life-trajectories” van vyf jong mans in Heideveld. “PhotoVoice” is ‘n deelnemer-gebaseerde metode wat die deelnemer toegelaat het om foto’s van die “occupations” waaraan hulle gedurende hulle lewens deelgeneem het, af te neem. Die foto’s is gebruik om die onderhoude te fasiliteer tesame met twee of drie gerigte vrae. Tussen-geval en kruis-geval analise is gebruik om temas te vind wat die doelwitte van die studie aanspreek. Ek het vyf temas ge-identifiseer gedurende my analise: “Ons gee nie krag weg nie/We don’t give away power”, “Ons het saam geloop/We ‘hang out’ together”, “Ek het baie probleme by die huis gehet/I had many problems at home”, “Die lewe is swaar hier buite/Life is hard out here” en “Ek wil net uit hierdie plek kom/I just want to get away from this place”. Ek het gevind dat die omgewing ‘n groot rol speel in die deelnemers se “occupational-life-trajectories”. Ek het ook gevind dat die deelnemers se sin van manlikheid, geslag en identiteit hul “occupational” keuses en deelname geaffekteer het. Ek verduidelik ook die portuur natuur en motiverende faktore wat lei tot bende-aktiwiteite en dwelm gebruik, soos dit in die jong mans se lewens gemanifesteer het. Ek het afgelei dat ‘n “occupation” gebaseerde intervensie program moontlik sekere aspekte soos “occupational” keuses en -blootstelling kan affekteer, maar ‘n breër, langduriger intervensie is nodig om werklik ‘n verskil te maak in die “occupational-life-trajectories” van jong mans in Heideveld. Nadat ek die ondersteunende strukture in die fisiese omgewing inaggeneem het, het ek voorstelle gemaak in terme van die familie-eenheid, die portuur groep, onderrig, vaardigheidsopleiding en bemagtiging van die gemeenskap. Aangesien die organisasie reeds toegang het tot seuns tussen 10 en 14 jaar oud, en ‘n groter impak in hierdie lewenstydperk gemaak kan word, maak ek verdere, meer gedetailleerde voorstelle rondom ‘n arbeidsterapie program vir hierdie ouderdomsgroep.
43
Nielsen, Sarah Kaye. "A Mixed-Methods Study Examining the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Occupational Therapy Preparation for Therapists Working with Children in Schools." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29770.
Full textAbstract:
This mixed-methods research study was conducted for the purpose of examining school-based occupational therapists' child psychosocial knowledge and attitudes, along with how therapists developed this knowledge and attitudes. Using a phenomenological qualitative approach, the study addressed the following broad research question: What meaning do school-based occupational therapists give to their experience in developing child psychosocial knowledge? Using a quantitative approach, a survey instrument was used to answer the following questions: (a) What level of child psychosocial knowledge
and attitudes do school-based occupational therapists possess? (b) How do the following variables impact child psychosocial knowledge and attitudes: (1) level of education, (2) academic course content, (3) participation in mental health fieldwork, (4) application of psychosocial knowledge in non-mental health fieldwork, (5) professional practice experiences, and ( 6) continuing education experiences. Snowball sampling was used to select 11 school-based occupational therapists for the phenomenological portion of the design. Data were analyzed using Giorgi and Giorgi's (2008) method of phenomenological analysis. Random sampling was used to select 1,000 school-based therapists who were mailed the Occupational Therapy Child Mental Health Questionnaire based upon The Teacher Mental Health Opinion Inventory (Morris, 2002). The response was N = 630. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of association. Using the mixed-methods triangulation convergence model, where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected at the same time and the results converged during interpretation by comparing and contrasting them, the following conclusions were made: (a) school-based occupational therapists possess and use child psychosocial knowledge: however. they do not believe it is sufficient; (b) school-based occupational therapists have a difficult time articulating psychosocial knowledge; however. through case descriptions they are able to give many examples of psychosocial knowledge they use in practice; (c) school-based occupational therapists believe that holistic, occupation-based, and client-centered practice, along with additional psychosocial intervention strategics, help them
maintain a positive attitude toward children with emotional disturbance; (d) school-based occupational therapists experience tension when attempting to apply their holistic, occupation-based, and client-centered practice in an environment that is typically focused on students changing to meet the environmental demands; (e) due to the constraints of the educational system and the IEP, school-based occupational therapists practice holistically by incorporating psychosocial knowledge in a hidden fashion; (f) school-based occupational therapists believe that mental health fieldwork and rich experiences with
individuals who have mental illness is important to developing a comfort level with people who have mental illness; (g) school-based occupational therapists do not readily connect the learning from adult mental health fieldwork that they apply in their school-based practices.
44
Daugherty, Matthew Lane. "Small Business Marketing Strategies for Physical Therapy Practice Owners." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6196.
Full textAbstract:
The United States economy depends on small businesses, which represent 99% of all businesses in the United States, yet approximately 50% of small businesses cease operations in the first 5 years. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the marketing strategies used by owners of small businesses to develop and maintain their organization through the initial 5 years of business operation. The population included 5 physical therapy business owners in northeastern Florida who had sustained their business for a minimum of 5 years. The conceptual framework for this study was the brand equity model, and data were collected through semistructured interviews, online company marketing materials, and archival company documents. Yin's 5-step analysis guided the data analysis process: (a) collecting data, (b) grouping data into codes (c) grouping data into themes (d) assessing the themes, and (e) developing conclusions. Member checking, transcript review, and triangulation were used to validate the study data. The 5 study themes were brand awareness, relationship marketing, perceived quality, social media and online marketing, and word-of-mouth marketing. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential for economic growth in the physical therapy practice market, as well as improved patient access to physical therapy services through a greater number of physical therapy practices.
45
Ståhl, Lisa, and Maria Viberg. "Effekter på kognitiva och sociala förmågor genom arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för barn med autism : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79205.
Full textAbstract:
Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att kartlägga arbetsterapeutiska interventioner och analysera dess effekter på kognitiva och sociala förmågor för barn med autism. Metod: Insamling av data utfördes genom en systematisk litteratursökning i tre olika databaser via universitetsbiblioteket Luleå Tekniska Universitet. Efter sökningen genomfördes kvalitetsgranskning av artiklarna. Tio artiklar valdes ut, nio kvantitativa och en kvalitativ. Därefter lästes artiklarna noggrant och data fördes in i en tabell för att underlätta analysen. Analysen bestod av att jämföra likheter och skillnader i studiernas resultat av olika interventioner, som ledde till att tre kategorier utformades utifrån effekter i studierna. Resultat: Resultatet visar på positiva effekter inom exekutiva förmågor, kommunikativa förmågor samt på förmågan att anpassa beteenden relaterade till autism. Detta påvisar att arbetsterapeutiska interventioner har god inverkan på autistiska barns aktivitetsutförande utifrån ökade förutsättningar kognitivt och socialt. Konklusion: Denna litteraturöversikt indikerar att det finns effektiva arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för kognitiva och sociala förmågor hos barn med autism. Litteraturöversikten påvisar ett behov av fortsatt forskning för att ytterligare stärka detta resultat.
46
Nilsson, Terese, and Ulrika Lundgren. "Effekterna av samspelsträning för barn med ADHD : En systematisk litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-168719.
Full textAbstract:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) är en varaktig neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning med symtom som hyperaktivitet, impulsivitet och uppmärksamhetsstörning, eller en kombination av dessa. Bland barn och ungdomar är det en av de vanligaste neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningarna och kan leda till svårigheter med självkontroll, tålamod och sociala interaktioner. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka interventioner med inriktning mot sociala interaktioner som prövats och dess effekter för barn med ADHD. En litteraturstudie genomfördes med kvantitativa artiklar från databaserna AMED, ERIC, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO och PubMed. Nio artiklar, publicerade mellan 2014–2019 valdes ut för analys och presenterades under tre kategorier. Resultatet visade att interventioner inriktade på barns lek, utförda av barnet tillsammans med föräldrar och terapeuter tyder på goda resultat på med sociala interaktioner. Resultatet visade vidare på att fysisk aktivitet kan ha viss positiv effekt men vidare forskning inom området behövs. Leken är en naturlig aktivitet i barns vardag och för att främja social interaktionsförmåga hos barn med ADHD, kan arbetsterapeuten integrera leken som en betydande del i behandlingen. Interventioner mot sociala interaktionssvårigheter bör vara klientcentrerade och ta hänsyn till barnets styrkor och svårigheter, kontexten de befinner sig i och aktiviteten de ska utföra.
47
Bertagnoni, Larissa. "Retratos, relatos e impressões de crianças moradoras da periferia de São Paulo por meio do fotovoz." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-28032018-090131/.
Full textAbstract:
O coletivo de crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade é o grupo social mais exposto a constrangimentos que dificultam a tarefa de conhecer e pertencer à cidade onde moram. Nesse atual contexto e com orientação da perspectiva sociológica da infância, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi conhecer e compreender as percepções de crianças vivendo condições complexas de vulnerabilidade, residentes na periferia, acerca de seu território na cidade de São Paulo, assim como conhecer as relações por elas estabelecidas com esses espaços. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa participativa de caráter colaborativo que utilizou o recurso metodológico do fotovoz. Foram realizados sete encontros com um grupo de cinco crianças entre 08 e 10 anos de idade em acompanhamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil (CAPSij) devido às situações complexas de vida e vulnerabilidade, mas sem transtornos mentais severos. Foi proposta a circulação coletiva pelos espaços de sentido no território para que as crianças registrassem em fotografia suas percepções cotidianas do espaço no qual vivem. Ademais, foi realizada uma exposição fotográfica aberta à comunidade a partir das seleções individuais de fotografias e discussões coletivas sobre a experiência, assim como encontros individuais de devolutiva com as crianças. O material verbal e imagético passou por análise temática em diálogo com diário de campo da pesquisadora. Os resultados contemplaram os retratos de cada criança participante, o processo de construção coletiva da pesquisa, o material fotográfico produzido pelas crianças a partir dos seus olhares e a exposição fotográfica intitulada \"Nosso Mundo\". Os registros fotográficos abordaram as seguintes categorias temáticas: (1) Corpo: experimentando a si mesmo e constituindo um grupo, (2) CAPSij: revisitando pela fotografia um espaço conhecido, (3) O território como lugar de desejo e consumo, (4) Percursos cotidianos e histórias de vida no território físico e existencial e (5) As sutilezas em meio ao concreto da cidade: território e natureza. Em diálogo com a literatura, foram apresentadas as reflexões teóricas sobre a circulação das crianças colaboradoras nos seus espaços de pertencimento, organizada em três argumentos principais: (1) Territórios existenciais: o corpo, lugares de vida e a circulação na cidade, (2) Produção de culturas da infância: as lógicas de consumo e a descoberta da natureza e (3) O fotovoz como recurso metodológico: protagonismo e processos de identificação social. Cada participante do estudo pode contribuir de maneira importante para o debate e análise do objeto de pesquisa e, consequentemente, para o processo de reconstrução da compreensão da infância na sociedade. O fotovoz permitiu os registros das experiências significativas da vida das crianças, a partir de suas perspectivas. A pesquisa revelou que as crianças têm um olhar crítico e complexo sobre seus espaços de circulação e pelas relações com esses estabelecidas. Um olhar permeado por suas singularidades de vida, atendo ao belo e à delicadeza da natureza em meio ao concreto cinza da cidade, dialogando constantemente com as culturas de massa e os valores sociais hegemônicosThe group of children in vulnerable condition is the social group most exposed to constraints that make it difficult to know and belong to the city where they live. In this current context and guided by the sociological perspective of childhood, the objective of this research was to know and understand the perceptions of children living in complex conditions of vulnerability, living in the periphery, about their territory in the city of São Paulo, as well as to know the relations they establish with these spaces. It was a participatory research of collaborative character that used the methodological resource of the photovoice. Seven meetings were held with a group of five children between 08 and 10 years of age, without severe mental disorders, being followed up at a Child and Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSij) due to the complex life situations and vulnerability to which they are subjected. It was proposed the collective circulation through spaces of meaning in the territory so that the children recorded in photography their daily perceptions of the space in which they live. In addition, a photographic exhibition was held open to the community from the individual selections of photographs and collective discussions about the experience, as well as individual feedback meetings with the children. The verbal and imaginary material underwent a thematic analysis in dialogue with the researcher\'s field diary. The results included the portraits of each participating child, the collective construction process of the research, the photographic material produced by the children from their views and the photographic exhibition titled \"Our World\". The photographic records addressed the following thematic categories: (1) Body: experimenting with oneself and forming a group, (2) CAPSij: revisiting a known space through photography, (3) Territory as place of desire and consumption, everyday paths and life histories at a physical and existential territory and (5) The subtleties amidst the concrete of the city: territory and nature. In a dialogue with the literature, theoretical reflections on the circulation of the collaborating children in their spaces of belonging were presented, organized in three ideas: (1) Existential territories: the body, places of life and circulation in the city, (2) Production of childhood cultures: the logics of consumption and the discovery of nature and (3) The photovoice as a methodological resource: protagonism and processes of social identification. Each participant in the study was able to contribute in an important way to the debate and analysis of the object of research and, consequently, to the process of reconstructing the understanding of childhood in society. The photovoice allowed the records of the significant experiences of children\'s lives, from their perspectives. The research revealed that children have a critical and complex view at their spaces of circulation and their relationships with the established ones. A view permeated by their singularities of life, attending to the beautiful and the subtlety of nature amid the gray concrete of the city, constantly dialoguing with mass cultures and hegemonic social values
48
Vestin, Sandra, and Tina Mårtz. "Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att bemöta ensamhet och främja social delaktighet hos äldre : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178512.
Full textAbstract:
Idag visar statistik att äldre personer är en målgrupp som deltar mindre i sociala aktiviteter än övriga grupper i samhället, vilket kan göra dem mer utsatta för ensamhet. Arbetsterapeuter i kommunal verksamhet möter dagligen äldre personer i sitt yrkesutövande inom hemsjukvård. Där utgör arbetsterapeuten en viktig roll i att möjliggöra meningsfulla aktiviteter och en fungerande vardag. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att i sitt arbete bemöta ensamhet och främja social delaktighet bland äldre personer. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fem legitimerade arbetsterapeuter verksamma inom kommunal verksamhet. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resulterade i tre huvudkategorier; Att uppmärksamma ensamhet och stödja social delaktighet, Begränsningar i arbetet med att främja social delaktighet hos ensamma äldre samt Utvecklingsområden för att bidra till social delaktighet. Resultatet visar att arbetsterapeuter vanligen träffar ensamma äldre och att det är viktigt som arbetsterapeut att bemöta detta. Informanterna upplever att dem indirekt arbetar med att främja social delaktighet i deras uppdrag, men att det är svårt att prioritera på grund av tids- och resursbrister. En önskan finns därför att utveckla arbetssättet inom kommunal arbetsterapi för att kunna fokusera mer på social delaktighet. Slutsatsen är att arbetsterapeuter inom kommunal verksamhet bemöter målgruppen ensamma äldre, men skulle behöva mer utrymme för utveckling inom området för att kunna arbeta mer ingående med social delaktighet.
49
Merrill, Susan Cook. "Lived experiences of older mothers of adults with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2010. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/13.
Full textAbstract:
November 2010.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
This study explored the lived experiences of older mothers who continue to be the primary care providers for their adult children who have intellectual disabilities. This research study used the Person-Occupation-Environment model (Law et al., 1996) from occupational therapy and occupational science as the orienting framework. The broad question this study sought to answer was: What are the lived experiences of perpetual mothers who live with their adult child with intellectual disabilities? Other related questions were: How have mothers created and adapted daily routines and occupations for themselves and their children? What meaning and purpose evolves for perpetual mothers from their lifelong caregiver role? How do they describe this sense of meaning and purpose? The grounding of this study within occupational therapy and occupational science combined with the research questions led to implementation of a phenomenological research approach for this research. Specifically, the structure inherent in Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, Larkin, & Flowers, 2009) was adopted as the guide to methodology. Participants were identified using purposive and snowball sampling and were interviewed using Seidman's (2006) three-interview structure. The five women who participated in this study ranged from 68 to 83 years old. The themes that emerged represent structures that articulate the core of their lived experiences as primary caregiving mothers of adults who have intellectual disabilities. The essential structures or themes of these women's lived experiences are mothers' actions to structure daily life for their sons, mothers' routines--engaged lives, mothers' expertise, and mothers' reflections on mothering a son with intellectual disabilities. The results of this study contribute a focus on maternal experiences to the body of literature about, and practice with, adults who have intellectual disabilities and their families. In addition, this study contributes to the body of literature about mothering occupations found in occupational therapy and occupational science. This dissertation discussed implications for occupational therapy practice and research.
50
Dutra, Let?cia Rocha. "As representa??es sociais sobre a profiss?o de terapia ocupacional dos acad?micos e egressos do curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais." UFVJM, 2015. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1052.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by repositorio ufvjm (repositorio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-10-14T13:23:40Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
leticia_rocha_dutra.pdf: 1806997 bytes, checksum: fba933a52556f07232eeac05ba578bd8 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-10-17T10:24:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) leticia_rocha_dutra.pdf: 1806997 bytes, checksum: fba933a52556f07232eeac05ba578bd8 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T10:24:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) leticia_rocha_dutra.pdf: 1806997 bytes, checksum: fba933a52556f07232eeac05ba578bd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
A terapia ocupacional (T.O.) ? uma profiss?o da ?rea da sa?de que existe h?mais de um s?culo. Entretanto, seja por leigos ou profissionais da sa?de, a T.O. ainda ? representada como mera ocupa??o ou como uma profiss?o que necessita de outro profissional para prescrever suas condutas, em que ? poss?vel destacar a falta de visibilidade da atua??o do terapeuta ocupacional e o n?o aprofundamento nos conte?dos voltados ?s especificidades da profiss?o. O curso de T.O. alcan?ou o n?vel universit?rio em 1961; no entanto, ao final da d?cada de 60, a forma??o do terapeuta ocupacional ainda estava ligada ? ideia de um trabalho voltado para a reabilita??o f?sica. Apesar do amplo e crescente movimento sanit?rio brasileiro ocorrido na d?cada de 70, das mudan?as curriculares, da redemocratiza??o e das mobiliza??es sociais e pol?ticas ocorridas na d?cada de 80, que tiveram forte impacto sobre os modelos de comunica??o e servi?os em sa?de, a T.O. permaneceu limitada a um campo de objetiva??es que, ainda hoje, estigmatizam a profiss?o em sua ?rea de atua??o.Diante desse contexto, torna-se relevante compreender como os graduandosdeT.O., e seus egressos, constituem subjetividades que s?o emblem?ticas para a compreens?o do campo formativo, uma vez que refletem a conforma??o do corpo discente ao saber reificado, pr?prio do dom?nio acad?mico, que amolda para al?m dos espa?os do saber- conhecer a pr?pria estrutura representacional do saber-fazer, aquilo que constituir? a base identit?ria vinculada ?s pr?ticas desse profissional. Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar as representa??es sociais dos acad?micos e egressos do curso de T.O. acerca da sua profiss?o.Trata-se de um estudo de natureza quanti-qualitativa com delineamento de estudo de caso com recorte transversal e amostragem n?o aleat?ria, com dados coletados no m?s de novembro e dezembro de 2014. Participaram do estudo, acad?micos e egressos do curso de T.O. da UFMG (n=100). Para a coleta de dados foi aplicada a t?cnica de evoca??o livre de palavras, frente ao termo indutor ?pensar na profiss?o de T.O.? Os dados foram processados pelo software EVOC2005. As evoca??es presentes no quadro de quatro casas de Verg?s foram processadas pelo programa EVOC-Complex para a identifica??o e compara??o das evoca??es dos subgrupos presentes ? acad?micos dos per?odos iniciais, finais e egressos. Foi poss?vel encontrar duas evoca??es,independ?ncia e autonomia, com alta frequ?ncia nos tr?s subgrupos analisados. Ainda, como poss?vel presen?a no n?cleo central, foram encontradas as evoca??es reabilita??o, ocupa??o, funcionalidade e cuidado. Averifica??o das palavras presentes na zona de contraste possibilitou identificar a evoca??o inclus?o presente no subgrupo dos acad?micos dos per?odos iniciais, como uma importante representa??o emergente para eles, referida como a mais importante palavra evocada, no total das vezes em que foi citada.Para amplia??o e mapeamento das evoca??es do quadro de quatro casas de Verg?s, utilizou-se a an?lise hier?rquica por similaridade e a an?lise de implica??o (0.50 ? 1) processadas pelo software CHIC?. O cluster gerado pela an?lise de similaridade apresenta associa??es da atividade profissional de T.O. com a promo??o da maior autonomia e independ?ncia dopaciente (0,98), bem como a adapta??o nas suas atividades di?rias (0,56). O grafo apresentou uma associa??o entre os termos sa?de e reabilita??o (0,71) e, a associa??o dos termos ?qualidade de vida? (0,61), ?funcionalidade? (0,61) e ?atividades de vida di?ria? (0,71), aos termos que est?o mais fortemente implicados, autonomia e independ?ncia (0,98). Conclui-se, que tanto discentes como egressos, seja pelos elementos funcionais ou normativos encontrados na centralidade e nas periferias das representa??es, caracterizam o profissional de T.O como aquele que tem por atribui??o promover maior adapta??o, autonomia e independ?ncia aos pacientes atendidos. Este posicionamento emblem?tico salienta como os grupos estudados ancoram um car?ter bastante ideol?gico voltado para as pr?ticas do cuidado ao paciente, mas pouco cr?tico para a desconstru??o de estigmas sociais (objetiva??es) que dificultam a transforma??o da pr?pria realidade profissional em que a T.O. v?-se identificada. Seja pela estrutura??o curricular das disciplinas ofertadas, seja pela maior aproxima??o de discentes e egressos, faz-se de suma import?ncia que os cursos incentivem debates entre servi?os, demais profissionais de sa?de e atores diretamente envolvidos no processo formativo, de maneira a refletir os v?rios aspectos que orientam e/ou desafiam a inovar ? profiss?o de T.O.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015.
Occupational therapy (OT) is a health care profession that exists for more than a century. However, for both lay people and some healthcare professionals, OT is still seenas merely an occupation, or as a profession that requires another professional to conduct their activities. Thus, it is possible to highlight the lack of visibility of the occupational therapist?s activities,and the lack of clarity in defining thespecific activities carried out by the OT. The OT coursewas introduced touniversities in 1961, however at the end of the 60s, the formation of the occupational therapist was still associated withthe idea of work focused on physical rehabilitation. Despite the large and growing Brazilian health movement that occurred in the 70s, the curriculum changes, democratization, and social and political movements that occurred in the 80s, OT remained limited in scope and is today stigmatized as a profession with a restricted area of expertise. In this context, it is importantto understand how OTundergraduate students and graduated OT professionals, construct opinions that are criticalfor understanding their field of study, since they reflect the abilityof the student body to ?know-to-learn?, characteristic ofthe academic domain, which aims to lead to the?know-to- do?,; which thenformsthe identity base neededto practice OT. This study aims to analyze the social representations of academic and OT course graduates about their profession. It is a mixed cross-sectional study, using anon-random sampling, with data collected in November 2014. Study participants were academics and OTcourse graduates from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) (n = 100). For data collection,we employed the free evocation of words technique, upon the use ofthe inducer term 'thinking ofthe OTprofession'. Data were processed by EVOC2005 software. Evocations present in the framework of the ?four houses of Verg?s? were processed by EVOC-Complex program for the identification, and comparison of the evocations of the sub-groups - the students in early and late course semesters, and graduates. Two evocationsappearedwith high frequency in the three subgroups analyzed: independence and autonomy. Yet, the rehabilitationevocations ?occupation, functionality and care? were found as possible components of the central core. The verification of words present in the contrast zone showed the evocation ?inclusion? in thesubgroup of academics from earlier periods, as an important emerging representation for them, referred to as the most important word evoked in all of times it was cited. For expansion and mapping of evocations of the frame four houses Verg?s, we used the hierarchical analysis by similarity and implication analysis (0.50 ? 1) processed by CHIC? software. The cluster generated by the similarity analysis showedassociations of theprofessional activity of OTwith the promotion of greater autonomy and independence of the patient (0.98) and adaptation totheir daily activities (0.56). The graph showed an association between the terms ?health? and ?rehabilitation? (0.71), and the association of the terms 'quality of life' (0.61), 'functionality' (0.61) and 'daily activities' (0.71), to the terms that are most heavily involved, autonomy and independence (0.98). We conclude that both students and graduates, are the functional or regulatory elements found in central, and on the outskirts of, representations that characterize the OTprofessional as one who has the task of promoting greater adaptability, autonomy and independence to treated patients. This emblematic positioning highlights how the groups holda very ideological impressionof the patient care practice, but with little consideration of theconstruction of social stigmas (objectivations) that hinder the transformation of one's professional reality in which the occupational therapists identified. Either by changingthe curricular structure of the disciplines, or by increasingcontact between students and graduates, it is of paramount importance that the courses encourage discussions between services, other health professionals, and actors directly involved in the training process, to reflect the various aspects guiding the challenge to innovate the OTprofession