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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Social perception. Prefrontal cortex

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Academic literature on the topic 'Social perception. Prefrontal cortex'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Social perception. Prefrontal cortex"

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Wiese, Eva, Abdulaziz Abubshait, Bobby Azarian, and Eric J. Blumberg. "Brain stimulation to left prefrontal cortex modulates attentional orienting to gaze cues." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1771 (2019): 20180430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0430.

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In social interactions, we rely on non-verbal cues like gaze direction to understand the behaviour of others. How we react to these cues is determined by the degree to which we believe that they originate from an entity with a mind capable of having internal states and showing intentional behaviour, a process called mind perception . While prior work has established a set of neural regions linked to mind perception, research has just begun to examine how mind perception affects social-cognitive mechanisms like gaze processing on a neuronal level. In the current experiment, participants performed a social attention task (i.e. attentional orienting to gaze cues) with either a human or a robot agent (i.e. manipulation of mind perception) while transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied to prefrontal and temporo-parietal brain areas. The results show that temporo-parietal stimulation did not modulate mechanisms of social attention, neither in response to the human nor in response to the robot agent, whereas prefrontal stimulation enhanced attentional orienting in response to human gaze cues and attenuated attentional orienting in response to robot gaze cues. The findings suggest that mind perception modulates low-level mechanisms of social cognition via prefrontal structures, and that a certain degree of mind perception is essential in order for prefrontal stimulation to affect mechanisms of social attention. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From social brains to social robots: applying neurocognitive insights to human–robot interaction’.

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Mah, Linda, Miriam C. Arnold, and Jordan Grafman. "Impairment of Social Perception Associated With Lesions of the Prefrontal Cortex." American Journal of Psychiatry 161, no. 7 (2004): 1247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1247.

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Loureiro, Michaël, Ridouane Achargui, Jérôme Flakowski, et al. "Social transmission of food safety depends on synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex." Science 364, no. 6444 (2019): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw5842.

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When an animal is facing unfamiliar food, its odor, together with semiochemicals emanating from a conspecific, can constitute a safety message and authorize intake. The piriform cortex (PiC) codes olfactory information, and the inactivation of neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) can acutely trigger consumption. However, the neural circuit and cellular substrate of transition of olfactory perception into value-based actions remain elusive. We detected enhanced activity after social transmission between two mice in neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that target the NAc and receive projections from the PiC. Exposure to a conspecific potentiated the excitatory postsynaptic currents in NAc projectors, whereas blocking transmission from PiC to mPFC prevented social transmission. Thus, synaptic plasticity in the mPFC is a cellular substrate of social transmission of food safety.

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Salomons, Tim V., Tom Johnstone, Misha-Miroslav Backonja, Alexander J. Shackman, and Richard J. Davidson. "Individual Differences in the Effects of Perceived Controllability on Pain Perception: Critical Role of the Prefrontal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19, no. 6 (2007): 993–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2007.19.6.993.

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The degree to which perceived controllability alters the way a stressor is experienced varies greatly among individuals. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural activation associated with individual differences in the impact of perceived controllability on self-reported pain perception. Subjects with greater activation in response to uncontrollable (UC) rather than controllable (C) pain in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), periaqueductal gray (PAG), and posterior insula/SII reported higher levels of pain during the UC versus C conditions. Conversely, subjects with greater activation in the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) in anticipation of pain in the UC versus C conditions reported less pain in response to UC versus C pain. Activation in the VLPFC was significantly correlated with the acceptance and denial subscales of the COPE inventory [Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 267–283, 1989], supporting the interpretation that this anticipatory activation was associated with an attempt to cope with the emotional impact of uncontrollable pain. A regression model containing the two prefrontal clusters (VLPFC and pACC) predicted 64% of the variance in pain rating difference, with activation in the two additional regions (PAG and insula/SII) predicting almost no additional variance. In addition to supporting the conclusion that the impact of perceived controllability on pain perception varies highly between individuals, these findings suggest that these effects are primarily top-down, driven by processes in regions of the prefrontal cortex previously associated with cognitive modulation of pain and emotion regulation.

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Shin, Jung Eun, Soo-Hee Choi, Hyeongrae Lee, Young Seok Shin, Dong-Pyo Jang, and Jae-Jin Kim. "Involvement of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and superior temporal sulcus in impaired social perception in schizophrenia." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 58 (April 2015): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.12.006.

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Abubshait, Abdulaziz, and Eva Wiese. "Effect of brain stimulation on mechanisms of social cognition is modulated by individual preferences for human versus robot agents." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (2019): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631359.

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When we interact with others, we use nonverbal behavior such as changes in gaze direction to make inferences about what people think or what they want to do next – a process called mentalizing. Previous studies have shown that how we react to others’ gaze signals depends on how much “mind” we ascribe to the gazer, and that this process of mind perception is related to activation in brain areas that process social information (i.e., social brain). Although brain stimulation studies have identified prefrontal structures like the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) as the potential neural substrate through which mind perception modulates social-cognitive processes like attentional orienting to gaze cues (i.e., gaze following), little is known about whether and how individual differences in preferences for human versus robot agents modulate this relationship. To address this question, the current study examines how transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of left prefrontal versus left temporo-parietal areas affects attentional orienting to gaze signals as a function of the participants’ preferences for human ( Human Gaze Followers, HGF) versus robot ( Robot Gaze Followers; RGF) agents at baseline (prior to brain stimulation). Results show that prefrontal (but not temporo-parietal) stimulation positively affected attentional orienting to gaze signals for HGFs for the human but not the robot gazer; RGFs showed no effect of brain stimulation in neither of the stimulation conditions. These findings inform how preferences for human versus nonhuman agent types can influence subsequent interactions and communications in human-robot interaction.

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Abdi, Zeinab, and Tonmoy Sharma. "Social Cognition and Its Neural Correlates in Schizophrenia and Autism." CNS Spectrums 9, no. 5 (2004): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900009317.

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AbstractThe study of social cognition in psychiatric disorders has become increasingly popular in recent years. This is due to the its proposed link to social functioning and the inability of general neurocognitive skills to explain the spectrum of impairments observed in patients. This article reviews research into two of the processes thought to underlie social cognition (emotion perception and theory of mind) in schizophrenia and autism. This is followed by a look at neuroimaging studies and their efforts to localize the neural correlates of emotion perception and theory of mind in the two disorders. We concluded that while a specific impairment in emotion perception and theory of mind skills cannot be generalized to all individuals with autism and schizophrenia, there are subpopulations that have lingering deficits of social cognition tasks. Neuroimaging work consistently points to the involvement of the fusiform gyrus and amygdala in emotion processing, while the medial prefrontal and frontal cortex are implicated in tasks invoking theory of mind. We propose that deficits of social cognition may benefit from cognitive remediation therapy and pharmacological cognitive enhancers.

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Geday, Jacob, Albert Gjedde, Anne-Sophie Boldsen, and Ron Kupers. "Emotional valence modulates activity in the posterior fusiform gyrus and inferior medial prefrontal cortex in social perception." NeuroImage 18, no. 3 (2003): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(02)00038-1.

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Lee, JaeHyuk, Yan Jin, SeJun Oh, TaeHyun Lim, and BumChul Yoon. "Noninvasive brain stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for pain perception and executive function in aging." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 81 (March 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2018.10.002.

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van Houtum, Lisanne A. E. M., Mirjam C. M. Wever, Loes H. C. Janssen, et al. "Vicarious praise and pain: parental neural responses to social feedback about their adolescent child." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 16, no. 4 (2021): 406–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab004.

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Abstract Social feedback, such as praise or critique, profoundly impacts our mood and social interactions. It is unknown, however, how parents experience praise and critique about their child and whether their mood and neural responses to such ‘vicarious’ social feedback are modulated by parents’ perceptions of their child. Parents (n = 60) received positive, intermediate and negative feedback words (i.e. personality characteristics) about their adolescent child during a magnetic resonance imaging scan. After each word, parents indicated their mood. After positive feedback their mood improved and activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus increased. Negative feedback worsened parents’ mood, especially when perceived as inapplicable to their child, and increased activity in anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and precuneus. Parents who generally viewed their child more positively showed amplified mood responses to both positive and negative feedback and increased activity in dorsal striatum, inferior frontal gyrus and insula in response to negative feedback. These findings suggest that vicarious feedback has similar effects and engages similar brain regions as observed during feedback about the self and illustrates this is dependent on parents’ beliefs of their child’s qualities and flaws. Potential implications for parent–child dynamics and children’s own self-views are discussed.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social perception. Prefrontal cortex"

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Croft, Katie Elizabeth Anderson Steven W. "Exploring the role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in human social learning a lesion study /." [Iowa City, Iowa] : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/350.

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Theodoni, Panagiota. "Fluctuations in perceptual decisions : cortical microcircuit dynamics mediating alternations in conscious visual perception." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145642.

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Fluctuations in perceptual decisions emerge when our brain confronts with ambiguous sensory stimuli. For instance, our perception alternates between two conflicting images when presented dichoptically to our eyes, allowing a dissociation of the sensory stimulation from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness. How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor network, by consistently reducing it to a four- variable rate- based model, and by extracting analytical expressions for second- order statistics. We considered human behavioral and macaque neurophysiological data collected when subjects were confronting with such ambiguities. Our results show the relevance of neuronal adaptation in perceptual decision making, as well as that it contributes to the speed- accuracy trade- off. Furthermore, our findings affirm that both noise and neural adaptation operate in balance during the fluctuating states of visual awareness and suggest that while adaptation in inhibition is not relevant for the perceptual alternations, it contributes to the brain dynamics at rest. Finally, we explain the observed neuronal noise- decorrelation during visual consciousness and provide insights on the long- standing question: where in the brain rivalry is resolved.<br>Les fluctuacions en les decisions perceptives sorgeixen quan el nostre cervell s'enfronta a estímuls sensorials ambigus. Per exemple, la nostra percepció alterna entre dues imatges contradictòries quan es presenten de forma dicòptica als nostres ulls, cosa que permet una dissociació de l'estimulació sensorial de la percepció visual conscient, i per tant proporciona una porta d'entrada a la consciència. Com funciona el cervell quan es tracta d'aquest tipus d'estímuls sensorials ambigus? Hem tractat aquesta qüestió de forma teòrica mitjançant l'ús d'una xarxa d'atractors biofísicament realista, reduint-la de forma consistent a un model de quatre variables basat en la freqüència, i extraient expressions analítiques pels estadístics de segon ordre. Hem emprat dades neurofisiològiques de comportament d'humans i macacos recollides quan els subjectes s'enfrontaven a aquest tipus d'ambigüitats. Els nostres resultats mostren la importància de l'adaptació neuronal en la presa de decisions perceptives i mostren la seva contribució a l'equilibri velocitat-precisió. D'altra banda, els nostres resultats confirmen que tant el soroll com l'adaptació neural operen en equilibri durant els estats fluctuants de consciència visual i suggereixen que, si bé l'adaptació en la inhibició no és rellevant per a les alternances de percepció, contribueix a la dinàmica del cervell en repòs. Finalment, expliquem la decorrelació del soroll neuronal observada durant la consciència visual i proporcionem noves idees en relació a l’antiga qüestió de en quin lloc del cervell es resol la rivalitat visual.

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Baldwin, Erin. "Humor Perception: The Contribution of Cognitive Factors." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/31.

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Most of the extant humor research has focused on humor comprehension with only a few studies investigating humor appreciation as a separate construct. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relation between humor and underlying cognitive processes. Literature on brain injured individuals has indicated that working memory, verbal and visual-spatial reasoning, cognitive flexibility, and concept formation are related to performance on comprehension tests of humor. In this study, cognitive processes underlying both verbal and nonverbal humor were investigated in a sample of healthy young adults. There is evidence that semantic and phonological humor are associated with different neural networks; therefore, both semantic and phonological humor were explored. Studies investigating physiological arousal and humor have indicated that arousal is necessary for the experience of humor. This suggests that the appreciation of humor may require the integration of cognitive and affective information, a process mediated by the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC). Thus, a second goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between humor comprehension and appreciation and the VMPFC, by including experimental tasks that previously have been linked to VMPFC functioning. Participants included 94 undergraduate psychology students between the ages of 18 and 39 years. Participants watched film clips and listened to jokes. After the presentation of each joke and each film clip, they completed a humor comprehension/appreciation inventory developed for this study. They also completed measures assessing a range of cognitive abilities hypothesized to underlie humor perception. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that verbal reasoning was predictive of semantic humor comprehension, indicating that verbal reasoning is a core cognitive ability for the comprehension of jokes in which the humor depends on factors other than simple word play. Cognitive measures were not predictive of phonological humor comprehension or nonverbal humor comprehension. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the indicators of VMPFC functioning did not correlate with either humor comprehension or humor appreciation and did not moderate the relation between humor comprehension and humor appreciation. Future research is necessary to elucidate the relationships between cognitive abilities and humor perception and to further explore the contribution of the VMPFC to humor appreciation.

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Krüger, Frank. "The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in mediating social event knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13977.

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Zunehmend mehr Beweise aus der sozialen Neurowissenschaft deuten darauf hin, dass der mediale präfrontale Cortex (mPFC) eine entscheidende neurale Komponente in der Verarbeitung von sozialem Ereigniswissen ist. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine integrative Theorie der kognitiven und neuronalen Grundlagen von sozialem Ereigniswissen vor. Die „Structural and Temporal Representation Binding“ (STRing) Theorie postuliert, dass der mPFC abstrakte dynamische summarische Repräsentationen in Form von Ereignissimulatoren speichert, die Wissen über soziale Abläufe mittles Einbinding von Regionen im posterioren Cortex und limbischen System generieren. Neurowissenschaftliche Befunde für die Differenzierung von Simulatorenfunktionen entlang der dorso-ventralen Achse des mPFC werden diskutiert und die Spezifität der Simuatoren für die Entwicklung von Ereignis-, Personen, und Selbst-Schemata dargestellt.<br>Accumulating evidence from social neuroscience research demonstrates that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a crucial neural component in the processing of social event knowledge. This work proposes an integrative theory of the cognitive and neural bases of social event knowledge. The structural and temporal representation binding (STRing) theory assumes that the mPFC represents abstract dynamic summary representations in the form of event simulators, which give rise to social event knowledge via binding with regions in the posterior cerebral cortex and limbic system. Neuroscience findings for the segregation of simulator functions along the dorso-ventral mPFC axis will be discussed and the specificity of simulators for the development of event, person, and self schemata will be demonstrated.

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Girardi, Alessandra. "Perception of self and others in healthy ageing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7978.

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Processing information related to the self and inferring the mental state of another person is known to involve the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) in both younger and older adults (Stone et al., 2008; Kelley et al., 2002; Hynes et al., 2006; Ruby et al., 2009). According to the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPF) theory of cognitive ageing, processing of the self should not be affected by healthy adult ageing as functions related to the VMPFC remain relatively preserved compared to functions related to the DLPF cortex (MacPherson et al., 2002). Similarly, no age difference should emerge in those tasks thought to tap functions of the VMPFC. The aim of this PhD is to investigate the effect of healthy adult ageing on the ability to process information related to the self and others. A series of experiments was designed to compare the performance of younger and older adults on tasks that investigate processing and retrieval of self-related information (e.g. behaviour prediction, personality judgement, mental state inferences, self-referential). The tasks differ in the extent to which they rely on cognitive effort. The results show that ageing does not affect self-related judgements. A further series of experiments designed to investigate affective and cognitive Theory of Mind (ToM) show that the affective performance, thought to rely on VMPFC activity, is not affected by age. In contrast, the performance of older participants differs from that of younger adults on cognitive ToM task, thought to involve DLPFC brain areas. A final experiment investigated the ability to make self versus other related judgments in a confabulating patient. The results show that the ability to reflect on the self but not on others was intact. In summary, the findings demonstrate that processing self-information and making ToM inferences remains intact in older individuals and is not overtly impaired by confabulation.

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Gupta, Rupa. "The effects of ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage on interpersonal coordination in social interaction." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2883.

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Conversation is a highly interactive and coordinated effort between interactants. For example, interactants often mimic the behaviors and speech of one another and coordinate the timing of behaviors, or interactional synchrony. Despite being affected in certain neurological and psychiatric disorders, the neural mechanisms underlying these processes are not understood. The goal of this study is to understand the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), an area of the brain involved in social and emotional behavior, for interpersonal coordination, including mimicry and interactional synchrony. To test the role of the vmPFC for mimicry, normal comparison (NC), brain damaged comparison (BDC), and participants with vmPFC damage interacted in two sessions with a research assistant (RA) who was performing a target behavior (1st session: nodding, 2nd session: face touching). The amount of time the participants spent nodding or touching their face in each session was recorded. NC and BDC participants tended to mimic the partner and nodded slightly more in the session in which the RA was nodding, and touched their face slightly more in the session in which the RA was touching their face. In contrast, vmPFC patients showed no difference in their behaviors in either session, suggesting that they were not influenced by the partner's behaviors and did not mimic them. In a second experiment, all of the above participant groups had a naturalistic conversation with an unfamiliar interactional partner. The conversational data were analyzed for numerous aspects of interpersonal coordination, including convergence of number of words, words per turn and backchannels, reciprocity of self-disclosures, the use of questions, interactional synchrony, and a time series analysis of response latency and speech rate. The vmPFC participants performed consistently worse than NC participants on convergence of words and words per turn, self-disclosures and asking questions. All brain-damaged participants were impaired on aspects of interactional synchrony, and no conclusive results were found for the time series analysis of response latency and speech rate. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the vmPFC is important for interpersonal coordination as the vmPFC group differed significantly from the NC group on the majority of the analyses. The final goal of this study was to understand the effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on interpersonal coordination. TBI patients participated in all of the experiments described above and preliminary results showed that they also seemed to be impaired on the mimicry task, and they performed slightly worse than NC participants on many of the interpersonal coordination analyses of the conversational data. This suggests that TBI also does seem to affect certain aspects of interpersonal coordination.

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Spanò, Goffredina. "Perceptual Mnemonic Medial Temporal Lobe Function in Individuals with Down Syndrome." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/255154.

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Behavioral data in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and mouse models of the syndrome suggest impaired object processing. In this study we examined the component processes that may contribute to object memory deficits. A neuropsychological test battery was administered to individuals with DS (n=28), including tests targeting perirhinal cortex (PRC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) function, tests of perception (i.e., convexity based figure ground perception), and tests of memory (object recognition and object-in-place learning). To compare to individuals with DS, the same number of typically developing chronological age (CA, n=28) and mental age-matched (MA, n=28) controls were recruited. We observed object memory deficits in DS (p<0.001). In contrast, the DS group showed relatively intact use of convexity when making figure-ground judgments and spared PRC-dependent function, as compared to MA control. In addition, measures of PFC function seemed to be related to performance on object recognition tasks. These findings suggest that the inputs into the MTL from low and high level perceptual processing streams may be intact in DS. The object memory deficits we observed might reflect impaired PFC function.

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Novick, Andrew Michael. "Long-term consequences of adolescent social defeat on cognition and prefrontal cortex dopamine function." Thesis, University of South Dakota, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3714207.

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<p> Individuals who are victimized by bullying during adolescence demonstrate an increased incidence of psychiatric disorders both acutely and later in life. Many of these disorders are characterized by deficits in complex cognitive functions that are mediated by the mesocortical dopamine system. The substantial maturation of the mesocortical dopamine system during adolescence may render it particularly vulnerable to insult from psychosocial stressors such as bullying. Using a rodent model of adolescent social defeat to replicate the imbalance of power inherent in teenage bullying, it was previously demonstrated that defeated rats exhibit various behavioral and neurochemical indications of mesocortical dopamine hypofunction in adulthood. The experimental chapters of this dissertation aim to further understand the consequences of victimization stress during adolescence by 1) evaluating the effects of adolescent social defeat on dopamine dependent cognitive processes and 2) investigating the potential mechanisms by which adolescent social defeat results in mesocortical dopamine hypofunction. Adult rats defeated in adolescence and their controls were initially tested on two separate tasks of working memory known to be dependent on mesocortical dopamine activity, the delayed alternating T-maze task and the delayed win-shift task. Results found a direct link between adolescent social defeat and adult working memory deficits, with previously defeated rats demonstrating impaired performance in the maintenance and utilization of information following delays of 90 seconds and 5 minutes on the T-maze and win-shift tasks respectively. In a separate experiment, quantitative autoradiography revealed increased expression of the dopamine transporter (DAT) in the infralimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult rats defeated in adolescence. Further investigation of mPFC DAT function utilizing <i>in vivo</i> chronoamperometry demonstrated that previously defeated rats exhibit decreased dopamine accumulation in response to pharmacological DAT inhibition, indicating enhanced DAT function that may increase clearance of dopamine in the mPFC. Combined, these results suggest that increased functional expression of DAT in the mPFC following adolescent social defeat leads to enhanced clearance of dopamine, contributing to deficits in mPFC dopamine activity and associated cognitive processes. Having identified a putative mechanism by which adolescent social defeat causes mesocortical dopamine hypofunction, the results of these experiments can assist in directing the clinical application of novel and existing pharmacotherapies to counteract the deleterious effects of adolescent stress.</p>

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Croft, Katie Elizabeth. "Exploring the role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in human social learning: a lesion study." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/350.

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Converging evidence suggests a critical role for the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in social cognition, but its specific contribution to various aspects of social cognition, including the acquisition and updating of complex social information, is not well understood or documented via a systematic experimental approach. The primary aim of this dissertation is to determine whether the vmPFC is necessary for the integration of complex social information in order to form normal moral and social judgments about people. In the first of two studies presented here, I examined the roles of the vmPFC and the hippocampus in updating one's moral judgment of others. I hypothesized that both the vmPFC and the hippocampus are critical--but in different ways--for updating character judgments in light of new social and moral information. To test this hypothesis, I used a novel moral "updating" task and compared the performances of patients with bilateral vmPFC damage to patients with bilateral hippocampal damage (HC), and brain-damaged comparison (BDC) patients. The results suggest that the vmPFC may attribute emotional salience to moral information, whereas the hippocampus may provide necessary contextual information from which to make appropriate character judgments. In the second study, I specifically examined whether the vmPFC is necessary for the integration of simple versus complex, and social versus nonsocial information in order to form normal judgments about people. I hypothesized that patients with circumscribed damage to the vmPFC would be impaired in integrating complex social information. To test this prediction, I employed a novel decision making task and compared the performances of vmPFC patients with BDC patients, and a group of normal, healthy individuals. I also explored which anatomical sectors within the vmPFC system are responsible for normal social information integration. Going against my predictions, most participants were better at making the best choice when more information was available. On the whole, all groups were more accurate in choosing the best nonsocial choice versus the social choice, and this is attributed to the fact that the nonsocial trials were much easier for the participants. Overall, vmPFC patients were inferior to the other groups in choosing the best option for both the social and nonsocial conditions, which suggests that vmPFC patients may have a general impairment in integrating information. The subjective ratings data revealed that the vmPFC patients: perceived the choices to be more difficult overall, had difficulty discriminating between the best and worse options, did not provide the same subjective influence weights as the comparison groups, and endorsed social choices being overall more difficult than nonsocial choices. The neuroanatomical data revealed that unilateral left vmPFC damage may have contributed the most to impairment in making the correct choice for the social condition, and overall, left hemisphere vmPFC lesion volume correlated negatively with percentage correct on my experimental task.

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Bel-Bahar, Tarik Stanislaw. "Cortico-limbic mechanisms of meaning making : judgments of personality and emotion from faces /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1678701141&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-219). Also available online in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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Books on the topic "Social perception. Prefrontal cortex"

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Watanabe, Masataka, ed. The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6.

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Body in mind: A new look at the somatosensory cortices. Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Barbey, Aron K., and Jordan Grafman. The Prefrontal Cortex and Goal-Directed Social Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342161.013.0023.

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Watanabe, Masataka. The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer, 2017.

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Watanabe, Masataka. The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer, 2017.

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Watanabe, Masataka. The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer, 2018.

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Mitchell, Karen J. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Source Monitoring. Edited by John Dunlosky and Sarah (Uma) K. Tauber. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.2.

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Source monitoring is a metamemory function that includes processes for encoding and organizing the content of memories, and processes that selectively revive, cumulate, and evaluate that content in the service of making attributions about the origin of the information (e.g., perception vs imagination). Neuroimaging techniques, especially functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are encouraging rapid developments in understanding the neural mechanisms supporting source monitoring. This chapter reviews current findings, placing them in historical context. It highlights key issues of particular relevance, including: neural reinstatement—the match between brain activity at encoding and later remembering; the role of lateral parietal cortex in cumulating multiple features and attending to information during remembering; functional specificity of the prefrontal cortex with respect to cognitive control; and identifying functional networks that support source monitoring. Suggestions are made for clarifying the big picture and increasing the specificity of our understanding of source monitoring and its neural architecture.

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Swartz, Johnna R., Lisa M. Shin, Brenda Lee, and Ahmad R. Hariri. Using Facial Expressions to Probe Brain Circuitry Associated With Anxiety and Depression. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0014.

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Emotional facial expressions are processed by a distributed corticolimbic brain circuit including the amygdala, which plays a central role in detecting and responding to emotional expressions, and the prefrontal cortex, which evaluates, integrates, and regulates responses to emotional expressions. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to probe circuit function can reveal insights into the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. In this chapter, we review fMRI research into corticolimbic circuit processing of emotional facial expressions in social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobia, and major depressive disorder. We conclude by reviewing recent research examining how variability in circuit function may help predict the future experience of symptoms in young adults and at-risk adolescents, as well as how such variability relates to personality traits associated with psychopathology risk.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social perception. Prefrontal cortex"

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Hampson, Elizabeth. "Estrogens and androgens in the prefrontal cortex." In Routledge International Handbook of Social Neuroendocrinology. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315200439-22.

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Postle, Bradley R. "Working Memory Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex." In The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6_3.

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Barbas, Helen, and Miguel Ángel García-Cabezas. "Prefrontal Cortex Integration of Emotion and Cognition." In The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6_4.

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Yaoi, Ken, Mariko Osaka, and Naoyuki Osaka. "Self-Recognition Process in the Human Prefrontal Cortex." In The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6_10.

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Shamma, Shihab, Jonathan Fritz, Stephen David, Mounya Elhilali, Daniel Winkowski, and Pingbo Yin. "Correlates of Auditory Attention and Task Performance in Primary Auditory and Prefrontal Cortex." In The Neurophysiological Bases of Auditory Perception. Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5686-6_51.

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D'Argembeau, Arnaud. "Motivational Aspects of Future Thinking in the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex." In From DNA to Social Cognition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118101803.ch5.

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Diehl, Maria M., and Lizabeth M. Romanski. "Representation and Integration of Faces and Vocalizations in the Primate Ventral Prefrontal Cortex." In Integrating Face and Voice in Person Perception. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3585-3_3.

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Schultz, Wolfram. "Neuronal Risk Processing in Human and Monkey Prefrontal Cortex." In The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6_6.

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Hosokawa, Takayuki. "Neural Correlates of Competition in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex." In The Prefrontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6_9.

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Forbes, Chad E., Joshua C. Poore, and Jordan Grafman. "Contributions of the Prefrontal Cortex to Social Cognition and Moral Judgment Processes." In From DNA to Social Cognition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118101803.ch6.

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