Dissertations / Theses: 'Social production'

1

Butler, Christopher, and n/a. "Law and the Social Production of Space." Griffith University. Griffith Law School, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040521.141805.

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This study investigates the relationship between law and space by focusing on the role of the land-use planning system in producing the space of Australian urban regions. The primary aim of the project is to demonstrate the significance of the theoretical and sociological framework of Henri Lefebvre for an emerging field of socio-legal studies concerned with the relationship between law and geography. To this point very few contributions to this field have considered the theoretical connections between law and space in any depth. This thesis demonstrates how Lefebvre's sophisticated theory of the socially produced nature of space can broaden the scope of 'law and geography' research. It does so through a detailed survey of Lefebvre's work and a deployment of his ideas in a series of inquiries into the production of space in Australia. This endeavour is pursued in two stages. Part I of the thesis begins by examining how explanatory models within the social sciences have become increasingly concerned with the spatial dimensions of social life. This 'spatial turn' is reflected in a small, but growing literature within socio-legal studies which focuses on the interdisciplinary connections between law and geography. However the theoretical foundations of this field remain underdeveloped. Through an analysis of Lefebvre's writings, this thesis identifies an anti-reductionist methodological approach to space and its social production. This is used to establish a theoretical framework for the study of the spatial dimensions of law. Part II of the thesis uses this framework to address two questions about the law-space relationship. The first of these is concerned with how law is involved in the production of space. This is considered through three linked studies of the production, planning and legal regulation of space. The starting point for this investigation is the geographical site of suburbia. Lefebvrean categories are used to redescribe Australian suburbia as a form of abstract space - simultaneously fragmented, homogeneous and hierarchically organised. The thesis then argues that the land-use planning system in the post-war decades played a significant role in the development of this form of settlement space, by adhering to a form of bureaucratic thinking that Lefebvre characterises as the rationality of habitat. This rationality embodied technocratic functionalism, a visualised formalism and a structural imposition of expert authority in planning decision-making. With the shift to a neoliberal state form in the last two decades, there have been significant changes to spatial planning. Through an analysis and critique of the Integrated Planning Act 1997 (Qld), it is demonstrated that under neoliberalism there has been a reformulation of the rationality of habitat. In particular, the Integrated Planning Act relies on two new formal strategies, the exchange form and the integrative form, in instituting its changes to planning practice. The exchange form abolishes the technique of land-use 'zoning' and increases the use of market mechanisms in the designation of spatial uses. The integrative form restructures the relationships between local and State government agencies and attempts to channel most forms of public participation into the early stages of policy formation. This thesis argues that rather than changing the spatial outcomes of land-use planning, by commodifying space and restructuring the hierarchies of state decision-making, the Integrated Planning Act will continue to reproduce the social relations of abstract space. The second question in Part II deals with how Lefebvre's ideas can contribute to critical thinking about public law in general. It is argued that while law plays a significant role as a producer of space through the planning system, processes of spatial production also shape and structure state institutions. Two areas of research which could benefit from a Lefebvrean theoretical framework are identified. The first area concerns explanations of the effects on public law of the reterritorialised state form that has emerged under neoliberalism. The second is the renewal of critical theory in public law. In particular, the thesis makes the case that the spatial contradiction between the use and exchange values that are attached to space, challenges the normative orthodoxy within public law scholarship which relies on the values of participation and accountability. This thesis contributes to socio-legal research in three important ways. Firstly, it uses Lefebvre's theoretical approach to develop a critical planning law, linking state planning to the process of the production of space. Secondly, the thesis uses Lefebvrean categories to link the study of public law to political struggles which surround spatial production. It suggests a new way for critical legal scholarship to conceptualise public law in terms of the relationship between state power and the inhabitance of space. Lastly, these inquiries demonstrate the importance and relevance of Lefebvre's social theory for the discipline of socio-legal studies. By grounding the concept of 'space' in material processes of production, a Lefebvrean approach provides an alternative to existing theoretical accounts within law and geography research and will deepen our understanding of the relationships between legal and spatial relations.

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2

Atkin, Karl Michael. "The production of health and social care." Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297066.

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3

Mignon, Patrick. "La production sociale du rock." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0315.

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L'objectif de la these est de montrer comment ce qu'on appelle rock, musique, esprit ou culture rock, est le resultat d'un processus continu de creation collective qui "installe" le rock dans le paysage de la musique, dans l'ensemble des categories mobilisables pour penser la musique populaire mais plus largement la culture et la societe, et s'y penser. Il est, dans la conjoncture des annees de croissance economique de l'apres-deuxieme guerre mondiale, du developpement de l'industrie musicale, de l'emergence, a l'echelle des pays industrialises, d'ages de la vie adolescent et post-adolescent, le produit de l'activite d'individus, de groupes ou d'institutions qui considerent certaines musiques et certaines pratiques de consommation ou de production de musique comme dotees de qualites specifiques et produisent autour d'elles des formes d'action collective et d'organisation sociale concernant la production, la diffusion, l'homologation esthetique des oeuvres, leur evaluation, leur consommation ou leur conservation. Dans une premiere partie sont presentees les conditions subjectives d'existence du rock : comment une realite sociale, la consommation et la production d'une musique particuliere, devient enjeu de debats de societe, probleme social puis "phenomene culturel majeur" reconnu par l'etat. La deuxieme partie est faite d'une serie de coups de projecteurs sur quelques aspects du rock : consommation du rock chez les lyceens ; rapports entre rock et drogue ; oppositions sociales, raciales ou geographiques definissant les univers sociomusicaux du rock ; conditions locales d'emergence du rock francais ; acclimation d'une forme musicale et les identites de musicien ; carrieres dans les radios rock
The aim of the thesis is to show how what is called "rock", music, spirit or culture, is the result of a continued process of collective action which settles rock among the musical landscape and among the mobilizable categories used to think popular music and more generally to think culture and society and the room people occupy in them. Rock appears in the context of post-war economic growth, development of musical industry and emergence, in all the industrialized countries, of adolescence and post-adolescence. But it is the product of the action of individuals, groups or institutions who consider certain musics and certain ways to consume and produce music as having specific qualities and who create around them forms of collective action and social organization concerning production, diffusion, esthetical homologation of musical works, their evaluation, their consumption and their conservation. In the first part, the subjective conditions of existence of rock is concerned : consumption and production of a specific music become an occasion for social debates, first as social problem then as "real culture" supported, in france, by government. The second part is a series of studies on different aspects of rock : consumption of rock among college students ; relationship between rock and drugs ; social, racial or geographical basis of different experience of rock ; local conditions of french rock emergence ; relationship between a kind of music and the identies of musician ; careers in radio rock

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4

Fry, Christina Susan. "Language complexity, working memory and social intelligence." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275558.

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5

Gronemeyer, Wiebke. "The curatorial complex : social dimensions of knowledge production." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2015. http://research.gold.ac.uk/15878/.

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My research explores whether and in what ways curatorial practices assume a social function. By analysing how artistic and curatorial practices can activate processes and generate structures that facilitate dialogical spaces of negotiation between curators, artists and their publics, this research argues for an intrinsic social dimension to forms of knowledge production in the curated encounter. Point of departure for my research are the following examples: (1) Michael Fullerton’s exhibition Columbia (2010), Chisenhale Gallery, London; (2) The Potosí Principle (2010), HKW, Berlin; (3) Unitednationsplaza (2006-2007), a discursive art project organised by Anton Vidokle; (4) Former West (2008-2016), a multidimensional art research project coordinated by BAK, Utrecht. These examples are discussed on the backdrop of the continuous dematerialisation of practices in the expanded field of the curatorial. Rather than furthering the construction of an opposition between the “curatorial” and curating as exhibition-making, my research elaborates on the differences of exhibitionary, discursive, and performative forms of engagement arguing for a diversification of the exhibition as a medium of practice, not its dismissal. A central claim of this thesis is to perceive the exhibition as a space of action for public engagement beyond spectatorship and the production of sociality beyond hosting relations. Contextualised by a discussion of terminologies in social theory, such as communication, practice and sociality, this thesis develops a model of practice applicable to curating that operates self-reflexively with regard to the social, political and cultural conditions it is formed by. My research argues against an understanding of curatorial practices as a form of exhibiting and collecting the views and values belonging to a particular society, but claims a notion of practice that fosters the creation of sociality as an embodied form of knowledge production whose material quality is as important as its discursive capacity for emergence and enquiry.

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6

Zhang, Michael W. "Umayyad Jerusalem and the production of social spaces." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58848.

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Following the Islamic conquest of Jerusalem in the early 7th century, the new rulers of the city almost immediately began a series of architectural, administrative, and urban development projects. I will be focusing specifically on several projects undertaken during the Umayyad dynasty. So far, there have been extensive discussions locating the ways in which the Umayyads made political and religious claims to Jerusalem. I will expand on this scholarship by looking at and integrating a third facet: the social. By examining how, during the Umayyad period, new public spaces were produced and used in Jerusalem, how construction projects attracted and retained skilled workers in the city, and how the government and the community encouraged and demonstrated an amenability towards a dynamic economy, we will broaden our understanding of how cities are built in both medieval and current contexts. More specifically, it will reveal how a social method contributed to an Islamic claim to Jerusalem, but at the same time, establish the city as a destination point for travelers of diverse backgrounds.
Arts, Faculty of
Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of
Graduate

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7

Granath, Fredrik. "Strategies for pollination services as a productive input in Canola production." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-63416.

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The threats to ecosystems and the future delivery of ecosystem services are to a large extentassociated with risks and uncertainty. Integrating these concepts into the analysis on ecosystemservices is thus an important aspect when building sound theoretical frameworks as well aspractical guidelines.We use a standard framework from financial economics that incorporates risk to analyse howfarmers may opt for different strategies for how pollination may affect their harvest. Undercertain assumptions, this framework highlights the inherit trade-offs in the output and risk ofpollination, as well as showing that farmers may opt for different strategies depending on theirrisk preference.Our conclusion from this study is that, although proper data on pollination is lacking, theframework used in combining risk management and ecosystem services does highlight crucialaspects of ecosystem management and may be used as an argument for using precautionary-typemanagement.

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8

Postalci, Mustafa Efe. "Stable Nash networks with production." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84538.

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This dissertation studies how and in what forms the relationships between the agents in a society shape. We provide four models to examine the outcomes of the non-cooperative network formation game where agents engage in two activities: forming links and producing output. We show that when a link between two agents allows only the forming agent to enjoy the output of the other, a society always admits a stable network. Furthermore, this network almost always has a center-periphery structure. Such societies consist of two types of agents, centers that are directly connected by every other agent and peripheries to whom no agent connects. We also find that centers produce more output and typically have lower payoff than peripheries. When a link allows both agents to enjoy the output of each other, a society does not always admit a stable network. In societies where agents enjoy the outputs of those that are also indirectly linked, stable networks can take much richer forms. In this setup stable networks include the center-periphery networks as well as the wheel and star networks. If agents can adjust the efficiency of their links, then every society admits a stable network which always has a center-periphery structure.
Our results for all four models show that the level of production in non-empty stable networks is less than the amount that will maximize the total benefits in the society.

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9

Cohen, Andrew Connolly. "Advertising as Cultural Production." Thesis, Yale University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10783444.

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This dissertation presents three sociological essays analyzing advertising agencies through the lens of cultural economic sociology. Drawing on 12 months of ethnographic research and 81 interviews across four American advertising agencies, this dissertation presents three explorations of how meaning-making processes are central to the various processes of advertising production.

The first essay explores how market intermediaries help other market actors see the market and their opportunities for action within it. The essay article illustrates how advertising practitioners provide their clients with visions of what the market is and what opportunities for action lie within it, developing advertising campaigns to match that vision. These accounts of the market and its opportunities are dynamically negotiated, both reflecting and shaping the identities of the clients, their target audiences, and the intermediaries themselves. Because intermediaries dramaturgically perform these interpretations of the market for their client in micro-level interactions, they must also deal with disagreement, contestation, and negotiation over their visions of the market.

The second essay explores how advertising agencies consume and produce consumer research. Taking a relational approach to the production of advertising, this essay conceives of the work agencies do as part of establishing viable exchange relationships with their clients in which the client exchanges money for the agency's ideas for campaigns. The analysis shows how agency employees—in particular, account planners—first negotiate what kinds of consumers matter with their clients, then produce consumer research in ways that helps them generate particular types of qualitative materials. Agency employees then use those materials to craft aesthetic, material representations of the consumer that can serve as exchange media to facilitate the broader exchange of campaign ideas and money.

The third essay takes adopts a pragmatic sociological framework to examine conflict in advertising agencies, suggesting such conflicts can be better understood as inevitable clashes between different regimes for justifying the value of advertising work. The article examines three such regimes that advertising practitioners use to justify the work they do: the regime of partnership, the regime of expertise, and the regime of brokerage. Each regime supposes its own definition of what is good advertising work, how that work is evaluated, and how that work should be done, as well as what relationships there should be between the agents who do the work and their clients. Furthermore, each regime has its critiques of the others, and compromises between regimes are unstable and temporary. The different types of conflicts that arise from clashes between these regimes can be understood as the outcome of threats to the different social bonds supposed by each of those regimes.

These articles are prefaced by a broad discussion of the intellectual projects of economic sociology, in which the literature is divided into two camps: one that studies the economy of culture, and one that studies the economy as culture. After reviewing the different conceptualizations of production and consumption in each, as well as considering the role of materiality and the relationship between the economic and the social, this discussion concludes with a commitment to studying the economy as the enactment of cultural intentions, opting for an analytical strategy that preserves the relative autonomy of culture in exploring how narratives and codes structure economic activity.

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10

Kocak, Feryal Aysin. "Social And Spatial Production Of Ataturk Boulevard In Ankara." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609435/index.pdf.

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Space is a social product and produced socially. For a social analysis, it is therefore necessary to put equal emphasis on conceptualisations of time and space and to analyse the production process of space. This thesis aims to analyse the production of capitalist space and it is based on Lefebvre&rsquo
s conceptualisation of &lsquo
production of space&rsquo
within the context of Marxist urban space theories. It is based on the argument that every mode of production creates its own spaces and the new spaces call for new social relations. In the analysis of space, historical geographical materialism and realist geography are used. In this thesis, the production of urban space of Ankara is analysed with an emphasis on social relations of planning and architecture. Ankara as the capital city is a spatial representation of nation state and national identity. Spatial representations and practices are analysed in terms of Atatü
rk Boulevard and the squares of Ulus, Sihhiye and Kizilay. Within this scope, public buildings and monuments, housing, transportation and commercial spaces are examined by drawing on Lefebvre&rsquo
s conceptual triad of &lsquo
spatial practices&rsquo
, &lsquo
representations of space&rsquo
and &lsquo
spaces of representation&rsquo
. In the production process of the urban space of Ankara, history of space is considered as the history of its forms and representations and the production of urban space is examined in historical periods. The exploratory type of research used in this study is primarily based on documentary-historical data.

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11

Stroud, Bradley Martin. "Epistemological borders, the discursive production of social psychological knowledge." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/MQ51801.pdf.

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12

Belair-Gagnon, Valerie. "Reconstructing crisis reporting: social media and BBC news production." Thesis, City University London, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616929.

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Since the emergence of social media, the BBC has sought to produce reporting more connected to its audience while retaining its authority as a public broadcaster in crisis reporting. On the one hand, news production studies theorists argue that mainstream news organisations have had difficulties adapting to social media and become closer to Its audience. On the other hand, crisis ' reporting research claim that the emergence of social media has led these news organisations to adopt a more "sensitive" and "collaborative" type of reporting. Using a comprehensive empirical analysis of crisis news production at the BBC since the London bombing attacks pf 7 July, 2005, this dissertation presents an alternative argument. It shows that the emergence of social media at the BBC and the need to manage this kind of material led to a new media logic in which tech-savvy journalists take on a new centrality in the newsroom. In this changed context, the politico-economic and socio-cultural logic have led to a more connected newsroom involving this new breed of journalists and BBC audience. This examination of news production events shows that in the midst of theses transformations in journalistic practices and norms, including news-gathering, sourcing, distribution and impartiality, the BBC has reasserted its authority as a public broadcaster.

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13

Sgibnev, Wladimir. "Remont: the Social Production of Space in Central Asia." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19448.

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Die Dissertation baut auf Henri Lefebvres Theorie einer sozialen Produktion des Raums auf und bietet eine ethnographisch fundierte Untersuchung der Komplexität urbaner Phänomene in der nordtadschikischen Stadt Khujand. Die drei Bestandteile einer sozialen Produktion des Raums – Konzeptualisierung, Wahrnehmung und Anpassung – stehen nicht isoliert voneinander, denn die Produktion von Raum erfolgt im Prozess ihres Zusammenwirkens. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist, vor diesem Hintergrund, die erste Monographie, welche die komplexen Zusammenhänge der Raumproduktion in einer peripheren zentralasiatischen Stadt zum zentralen Forschungsgegenstand nimmt. Nach einer Einführung in Theorie und Methoden wende ich mich der Produktion des mentalen Raums in Khujand zu. Ich erläutere unterschiedliche Ideologien von Raum und Urbanität, welche für Khujand relevant waren – etwa die „Islamisch-orientalische“, „sowjetische“ sowie „westliche“ – und untersuche ihre Bedeutung für aktuelle Raumproduktionsprozesse. Im zweiten Teil wende ich mich dem physischen Raum zu und arbeite zentrale Elemente der urbanen Topographie von Khujand heraus. Nach einer Analyse städtischer Mobilität präsentiere ich vier Fallstudien, welche einen Querschnitt von Khujands physischem Raum darstellen und eine breite Vielfalt urbaner Erfahrungen abdecken. Im dritten Teil zeige ich, wie die soziale Produktion des Raums durch einen Fokus auf Anpassungen des Raums erfasst werden kann. Ich analysiere Beispiele auf der Staats-, Nachbarschafts- und Haushalts-Ebene im Hinblick auf Lefebvres Konzept der Transduktion, also einer Praxis vor dem Hintergrund von Einschränkungen und Wünschen. In diesem Teil stelle ich die zentrale Rolle von remont und obodi heraus – zwei kulturell eingebetteten kreativen Konzepten, welche maßgeblich an der Produktion des sozialen Raums in Khujand mitwirken.
The dissertation builds upon Henri Lefebvre's theory of a social production of space in order to provide an anthropologically founded account, grasping the complexity of the urban phenomenon in the northern Tajik city of Khujand. The three parts of a social production of space – conceptions, perceptions, and adaptations of space – are not isolated from each other. In the process of their interaction, space is being produced. In this regard, the present work is the first monograph which explores the intertwined contemporary urban space in a regional city of Central Asia. After delving into theory and methodology, I address in a first part the production of mental space in Khujand. I present different ideologies of space and urbanity which were at work in Khujand: inter alia, the 'Islamic-Oriental', and the 'Soviet' and 'Western' ideologies of urbanity, and assess their relevance to Khujand today. In the second part, I work out the defining elements of Khujand's physical space. After an examination of urban mobility, I proceed to presenting four case studies which provide a cross-section of Khujand's physical space, covering a wide range of urban experiences. In the third part I show how the production of social space can be seen through the lens of adaptations. I analyse cases on the state, the neighbourhood and the household levels, with regard to Lefebvre's concept of transduction, that is, action taken within a framework of constraints and desire. In this part, I emphasise two crucial notions which permeate the social production of space in Khujand: remont and obodi, which stand out as culturally embedded creative concepts.

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14

Waheed, Abdul, and Mitsuo Ezaki. "Production, Social Accounting and Financial Social Accounting Multiplier Analyses with the Financial Social Accounting Matrix of Pakistan." Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7497.

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15

Dowdall, Clare A. "Text production in Bebo : a study of three children's text production in online social networking sites." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1169.

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This thesis aims to explore three pre-teenage children’s text production in online social networking sites. Social networking is a mainstream youth activity in the UK, conducted by (at the time of writing) almost 50% of 10-12 year old internet users (Ofcom, 2011, p.44). While social networking has been the subject of much interest amongst scholars and policy-makers, little has been published that documents the use of social networking amongst pre-teenage children. The literature that does exist is largely concerned with documenting usage (Ofcom, 2011; Livingstone and Haddon, 2010), and children’s safety in these contexts (Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF)/Byron 2010; DCSF/Byron, 2008; Livingstone et al., 2011a). This study aims to explore children’s text production in social networking sites with rightful regard for this concern, but with a focus on how children behave as text producers in these contexts. Working from an interpretive qualitative research paradigm, a purposive sample of three children who used (at the time) the popular social networking site Bebo was selected. The children were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule three times between June 2008 and May 2009. Interviews were transcribed using a line by line coding method. To support these data and contextualise analysis, screenshots of the children’s profile pages were also collected at each interview. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach (Charmaz, 2006), these data were analysed within data sets around each interview incident, and then synthesised to build a case study for each participant. This recursive process involved initial and focused coding, where following the construction of key codes for each data set, the codes were organised under thematic headings and finally used to construct tentative categories that described how the children behaved as text producers. Four tentative categories were constructed to describe the participants’ behaviour: text production to achieve social positioning; text production to achieve social control; text production to enact a text producing role; and text production for pleasure. Based upon the elaboration of these categories, a model of text production as mastery is proposed. In this model, children’s text production is regarded in relation two spectrums of mastery: a spectrum of social control and a spectrum of textual crafting. This study concludes by recommending that the social networking context must be recognised by educators as a meaningful context in which children’s mastery of these critical skills can be developed in order that they can they learn to be critical and masterful text producers in the new digital age (Gee, 2011 and Hayes, 2011).

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16

Baxendale, Graham. "The discursive production of homosexual regulation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/354370/.

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This thesis explores the pivotal place of the 1885 Labouchère Amendment and the 1967 Sexual Offences Act in the discourse of homosexual regulation presented by 20th century homophile histories. These twin events of ‘criminalisation’ and ‘decriminalisation’ are revisited to explore how and why they occurred and how they came to assume such a central position in both academic and popular understanding. The thesis draws on two streams of evidence. The literature on homosexual regulation is examined to establish the claims that are made about Labouchère Amendment and the Sexual Offences Act and the place that they are accorded, and the relationship that is established between them, within widely accepted homophile histories of the UK. Alongside this, primary sources – in the form of parliamentary debates, government papers, newspaper archives, and biographies – are interrogated to unpick the motivations and intentions of those involved in these pieces of legislation and to position them within a wider historical context. The thesis argues that this literature on homosexual regulation contributed to and institutionalised a homophile discourse geared especially towards establishing a history of what specific events might mean for political imperatives of the time and future prospects of homosexual communities. I will suggest that this led to uncritical acceptance of particular interpretations of the Labouchère Amendment and the Sexual Offences Act, which were reproduced over time and thus established as ‘truths’ within academia, the gay community and the wider public. Whilst some authors have recently subsequently questioned the importance of the Labouchère Amendment in the process of criminalisation (e.g. Cocks, 2003:17) these accounts have by-passed this event altogether, rather than offering an alternative account for its passage. Consequently, they have not supplanted earlier public, academic and political understandings of Labouchère. Specifically they have not explored how earlier understandings informed the debate about decriminalisation which, as this thesis will show, was premised on these historical interpretations. More broadly, the thesis argues that the over-concentration and mistaken interpretation of the Labouchère Amendment, which has misinformed understandings of the SOA (1967), has prevented the development of a more thorough, genealogical analysis of simultaneous sexual regulation more generally. In turn, developing a combined analysis of heterosexual as well as homosexual regulation contributes to the critique of existing interpretations which uncritically present certain events as homophobic rather than part of a more encompassing punitive heteronormativity. Part One critiques homosexual regulation’s historiography, before exploring theoretical and methodological issues raised in my thesis. Part Two then questions the Labouchère Amendment’s status as a fundamental adjustment in homosexual regulation making private homosexual acts short of sodomy illegal for the first time (Weeks, 1977). I provide an alternative history showing all homosexual acts were previously punishable and show that Labouchère’s Amendment was not homophobic but a measure for the protection of male youths from sexual exploitation and as such part in keeping with the wider punitive heteronormativity. I achieve this through analysing the primary sources on Labouchère’s Amendment from that period alongside the genealogical contextualization provided by contemporaneous heterosexual regulation. This establishes the foundations for Part 3 to repeat this methodology in analysing the decriminalisation process, this questions the centrality ascribed to the 1957 Wolfenden Report. I establish that this concentration ignores that decriminalisation was a highly politicised and negotiated process reliant upon the same social and political transformations that also re-ordered heterosexual regulation. This radically changes the interpretation of the how and why decriminalisation occurred and what had been possible.

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17

Hurley, Michael E. "Self-Concept Reflected in Humor Production." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625482.

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18

Ma, Po-shan Cathy, and 馬寶山. "Commons-based peer production and Wikipedia: social capital in action." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37848732.

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19

Castellano, Ursula Abels. "Partners in crime : nonprofits and the social production of justice /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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20

Ma, Po-shan Cathy. "Commons-based peer production and Wikipedia social capital in action /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37848732.

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21

Gorbatai, Andreea. "Social Structure and Mechanisms of Collective Production: Evidence from Wikipedia." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10304.

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In my dissertation I propose three counterintuitive social mechanisms to alleviate the risk that collective production will fail to maintain participant involvement and respond to demand. My first study, based on a panel dataset of edits and views of articles in the English Wikipedia, shows that, although collective production lacks a price-like mechanism to estimate demand for the goods it produces, consumers’ contributions act as such a signal to expert producers. In the second paper I examine the theory that collective production participation is greatest when social norms of collaboration are obeyed. Using a large panel dataset of production networks and normrelated behavior in Wikipedia, I show that social norm infringement is not completely detrimental to participation because norm enforcement increases the likelihood that the beneficiary producer continues participating. In my third paper, I rely on interviews with experienced Wikipedia producers to examine whether producers’ ties to non-participants in collective production increase the likelihood of turnover, and whether producers’ embeddedness in collective production reduces turnover risk. Surprisingly, I find that producers with networks rich in ties to non-producers and with a task-oriented approach to collective production are those least likely to stop participating.

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Henderson, Jeffrey William. "The internationalisation of American semiconductor production : social and spatial dynamics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266960.

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McCune, Lornaida Palmer Craig. "The social economics of organic production in Columbia's Farmer's Market." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6717.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 23, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Craig Palmer. Includes bibliographical references.

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PEREIRA, VINICIUS RIBEIRO. "ALTERNATIVES MODELS FOR PRODUCTION SOCIAL-ECONOMICAL INDEX: ITEM RESPONDE THEORY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5253@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
No Brasil a teoria da Resposta ao Item (TRI) tem sido empregada principalmente na produção de índices de proficiência para alunos que participam de testes de avaliação educacional em larga escala. No entanto, seus diferentes modelos permitem construir indicadores com as mais variadas finalidades, e este é o caso dos indicadores de condição sócio econômica. Existem poucos estudos no Brasil que abordam técnicas empregadas para a produção de indicadores da condição sócio-econômica tendo como base a teoria da resposta ao item. Neste trabalho, propõe-se construir outros tipos de indicadores da classificação sócioeconômica, além do Critério Brasil, utilizando-se modelos específicos da Teoria da Resposta ao Item. Esses indicadores serão comparados, interpretados, e comparados com o indicador do Critério Brasil.
The IRT (Item Response Theory) has been used in Brazil mainly in the production of proficiency indices related to large scale educational assessment. However, the distinct models include in the formulation allow broader applications in the construction of indices, as; for instance, social-economical index (SEI). These are only a few published studies on techniques to formulates SEI specially those using the IRT. In this paper it is proposed a new formulation for the SEI in Brazil based on the IRT the obtained index is compared with the official one, knows as Critério Brasil.

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Nelson, Jodi. "Digital technologies, social media and emerging, alternative documentary production methodologies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/54595/.

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My research is a practice-based project involving documentary production and theoretical analysis of emerging forms of documentary and online co-collaboration, exploring paradigm shifts in digital technology particularly in the web-based feminist activism and feminist social praxis. The practice-led research explores new forms of production practices outside traditional methodologies and dissemination. Specifically, by utilizing cheap digital technology tools and working within online social networking platforms the research theoretically analyses what means were available towards online participatory media practices to create new documentary forms. My research aims are therefore to investigate how the new paradigm shifts in digital technology and the democratization of the filmmaking process, through online, collaborative practice, can allow women documentary filmmakers to connect to a global marketplace outside the traditional filmmaking channels. Further, looking at the history of the documentary form, as well as the feminist movement, I am interested in which of the key themes and debates that have characterized their intersection are still important at this moment of changing and emerging technologies. Can new technologies, access to cheap digital tools and collaborative modes of practice help or hinder the creative process of making a digital documentary? In examining the history of feminist filmmaking and the emerging documentary shifts in production offered the opportunity to position my own practice within these traditions and experiment further with online forms of modality. This experiment allowed me to gather empirical data using new media practices (i.e. creation and curation of online and repurposed content, use of new production tools within online spaces) to create a first person, auto-ethnographic narrative on the subject of feminism and online activism. Additionally, my research looks at the theoretical and historical underpinnings surrounding feminist filmmaking, new documentary practices and its implications within new technologies, and the emerging forms of collaborative online modes of practice. Each of these areas will intersect within the three key areas of debate surrounding documentary filmmaking; those of 1) narrativity, 2) witness and 3) ethics. My practice investigates these interactive, participatory modes created with emerging technologies and online audiences and how this is shifting narratives, audience reception and producing new ethical debates around ‘truth' and ‘authenticity' as these lines are continually blurred. Rethinking documentary in the virtual space brings about new challenges to the old debates around evidence, witness and ethics, as it is the product of a more democratic attitude towards practice, distribution and dissemination of its stories. New participatory audiences are now also helping to create the very product they are witnessing. Therefore, creating media within the public sphere can bring about a wealth of new tools, wider contributions to media making and a more global awareness of its dissemination. But it is not without its controversy and challenges. Further, my research looks at how working within this co-collaborative mode, the position of filmmaker as the ‘sole' creator or ‘auteur' comes into question. It discuses the advantages and/or the disadvantages to this approach and in doing so looks at what contributions and challenges an online audience can provide to support the filmmaker that cannot be gained through historical and traditional production and exhibition forms. What once was a higher barrier to entry into the film business is now a more open and online accessibility where anyone can wield a cheap camera or mobile phone device, make a movie and share it on the internet. These newfound democratic practices could potentially disrupt an already complex system of communication practices. However, it could also supply it with a much-needed collective idea bank for tackling global issues and finding sustainable solutions. Within the scope of participatory practices, a first person filmmaker can experience the greatest of democratic freedom within the confines of this process and delivery. The research is supported and conducted through a practice-led film project, web support platform (including blog and social media sites) and published case study. The final output film project around which these questions are posed is entitled: “Single Girl in a Virtual World: What does a 21st Century Feminist Look Like?”. The film's purpose is therefore to engage an online global audience of participants and contributors to the film's narrative thread by asking for contributions within the production, creation and financing of the documentary film. The practice utilizes social networks, crowd funding initiatives, web blogs, viral video, virtual chat interaction and traditional modes of documentary practice in its methodology in an effort to collect data surrounding activity and attempt to answer my research questions at large. The overall objective is to create an online documentary film that exemplifies feminist activism in a new frame through application of documentary modes and new emerging digital media practices.

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Gordon, Ethel Sherry. "New problems in queues--social injustice and server production management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17216.

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Koch, Adina Ora. "Gender Transcendence: The Social Production of Gender in Queer Communities." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2507.

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Thesis advisor: Leslie Salzinger
Over a period of eight months, I conducted an ethnographic comparative study in a northeastern metropolitan area, identifying and exploring a variety of non-normative social spaces regarding both gender and sexuality. I focus this research on comparing two different non-normative communities of gender and sexuality, the queer and the lesbian communities. By concentrating on spaces populated by those who identify as queer, I witness and discuss the process of identity formation. Negotiation of both tangible and theoretical spaces contributes to the operationalization of queer as a category of identity. Using social space bound by identity as a unifying factor, I share observations of time spent in lesbian community, where intricacies of queerness, both as critique and as category of identity, were illuminated. The meaning of the theoretical construct of queer as explained in the literature and the experience of queer as an identity within community have areas of disconnect to which I draw attention in this paper. I interpret community space as giving power and visibility to the experience of those who live outside of, or between, gender norms in an experience that is unrecognized within mainstream heteronormative culture. I found this space creates a voice for a more encompassing and liberating embodiment of gender than that found in mainstream western society with its adherence
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology

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Shaeffer, Alexandra Courtney. "Complaints in L2 French: perception and production across social contexts." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6500.

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Complaining happens in all cultures, and offers a unique insight into the values, taboos, and communicative practices of a given society. The ways in which complaining is viewed and performed vary drastically not only cross-culturally, but across smaller communal groups and between individuals, too. This dissertation approaches complaining from a multilateral perspective to investigate how individuals in three different language groups – monolingual French speakers, monolingual English speakers, and native English speakers enrolled in upper-division university French courses – perceive and produce complaints as well as the influential role played by social context. In the perception study, the researcher explores how individuals within the examined language groups identify the presence of complaints and perceive their naturalness when presented with contextualized scenarios involving native speakers. In the production study, the researcher examines both the frequency with which individuals complain and the strategies they employ to perform a complaint in various social situations. Additionally, within the production study the researcher examines the frequency with which participants opt out from complaining and their provided rationale for doing so. This dissertation not only identifies a variety of universal linguistic and sociocultural features of complaints, it also uncovers several aspects distinctive to the individual language groups. At the core of this dissertation is the argument that to best understand complaint behavior, researchers should acknowledge the essential influence of social context on both the perception and production of complaints. Above all, future research must consider the complex and dynamic interplay that exists between cross-cultural complaint behaviors and social norms of politeness.

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Saltiel, David M. L. "Knowledge production for decision making in child protection social work." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7900/.

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This study contributes to an understanding of how social workers produce knowledge and make decisions in child protection work. Since the early 1970s there have been a significant number of tragedies where children have died as a result of abuse and perceived errors by social workers and other professionals have been implicated. Child abuse is an extremely complex, uncertain and stressful area of work and eliminating all errors is impossible. This study undertook a detailed examination of some of the daily routines and activities of a number of social workers across two sites: a local authority child protection team and a more specialist team undertaking family assessments. Treating the sites as case studies qualitative observations and in-depth interviews were carried out in an attempt to understand how social workers made decisions in day-to-day work and to develop concepts for further research. The study found that decisions are not single events but the result of complex processes embedded in the social activities and practices that make up the work. The social workers drew on a range of sources of information all of which were fallible and then constructed knowledge for decision making through a series of social, cultural and cognitive processes. The nature of the work favoured experiential or naturalistic rather than analytic reasoning. Key practice areas such as home visiting, office duty and supervision were explored to understand how practitioners reasoned in these contexts which, despite their importance, are not well researched. An ecological model of knowledge is suggested which could help in understanding how decisions are made in practice. It is suggested that social workers’ decision making and knowledge are so embedded in the contexts and routines of practice that they can only be understood through close examination of local practices and this is a fruitful area for future research.

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Lamble, Sarah R. "Epistemologies of possibility: social movements, knowledge production and political transformation." Thesis, University of Kent, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594232.

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Urgent global problems-whether military conflicts, economic insecu rities, immigration controls or mass inca rceration-not only call for new modes of po litical action but also demand new forms of knowledge. For if knowledge frameworks both shape the horizons of social intelli gi bil ity and chart t he realms of political possibility, then epistemological interventions constitute a crucial part of social change. Social movements play a key role in th is work by engaging in dissident knowledge practices that open up space for political transformation. But what are the processes and conditions through which social movements generate new ways of knowing?'What is politically at sta~e in the various knowledge strategies that activists use to generate social change? Despite a growing lite ratu re on the role of epistemological dimensions of protest, social movement studies tend to neglect specific questions of epistemological change. Often treating knowledge as a resource or object rather than a power relation and a socia l practice, social movement scholars tend to focus on content rather than production, frames rather than practices, taxonomies rather than processes. Missing is a more dynamic account of the conditions, means and power relations through which transformative knowledge practices come to be constituted and deployed. Seeking to better understand processes of epistemological transformation, this thesis explores the relationship between social movements, knowledge production and pol itical change. Starting from an assumption that knowledge not only represents the world, but also works to constitute it, th is thesis examines the role of social movement knowledge practices in shaping the conditions of political possi bility. Drawing from the context of grassroots queer, transgender and feminist organizing around issues of prisons and border controls in North America, the project explores how activists generate new forms of knowledge and forge new spaces of political possibility. Working through a series of concepts-transformation, resistance, exp_erience, co-optation, so lidarity and analogy-this thesis explores different ways of understanding processes of epistemological change with in social movement contexts. It considers processes that facil itate or enable epistemological change and those that lim it or prohibit such change. Bringing together a range of theoretical perspect ives, includ ing femin ist, queer, crit ica l race and post-structuralist analyses, and drawing on interviews with grassroots activists, the thesis explores what is politica lly at stake in the different ways we conceptua lise, imagine and engage in processes of epistemological change.

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Scott, Alistair James. "Raploch Stories : continuity and innovation for television documentary production." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2013. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/7245.

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This thesis provides an ‘insider account' of the process of making contemporary ‘observational' documentaries from within the broadcasting industry. Raploch Stories (2002) and Raploch Stories Revisited (2007) are seven television documentary programmes written, produced and directed by me for BBC Scotland. This critical appraisal examines the pathway from the formulation of the creative idea, through project research and development, filming, post-production, delivery and transmission, in order to assess and demonstrate the originality of these published works. This is supported by a reflexive commentary which examines the influence of the wider ‘community of practice' on my development as a film-maker. The study identifies ways in which these films demonstrate innovation and progress in technology and production methods, and examines the development of new hybrid forms of programming in the television documentary genre. These new developments are placed in the context of the history of the documentary film, and the on-going academic debate about the definition of the genre and the question of whether it is possible to achieve an authentic record of real life. By comparing Raploch Stories with other examples of social documentary film-making, such as Housing Problems (1935), Lilybank (1977), Wester Hailes – the Huts (1985) and The Scheme (2010), the thesis analyses how films in this sub-genre have evolved and assesses the ways in which there has been continuity in content and in the approach to filming. Finally, the thesis seeks to establish the significance of the published works and to demonstrate how these programmes contribute to the development of documentary television production in Scotland, and to the representation of Scottish working-class communities by the media. Through the reflexive examination of creativity, practice, production, textual interpretation, cultural impact, institutional history, and policy and regulation, the thesis provides a critical perspective on these overlapping areas of knowledge.

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Nielsen, Rachel Clawson. "New Mothers and Social Media: The Effects of Social Media Consumption and Production on Social Support and Parental Stress." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5766.

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The restructuring of roles, responsibilities, and relationships that occurs during the transition to parenthood brings both rewards and challenges to first-time mothers (Bartholomew, Schoppe-Sullivan, Glassman, Dush, & Sullivan, 2012; Horowitz & Damato, 1999) and is often characterized as a time of parental stress (Crnic & Low, 2002; Deater-Deckard, 1998; Leigh & Milgrom, 2008). To effectively manage this stress, first-time mothers must feel a sense of social support (Crnic, Greenberg, Ragozin, Robinson, & Basham, 1983; Cutrona, 1984; Gao, Chan, & Mao, 2009; McDaniel, Coyne, Holmes, 2012; Nakagawa, Teti, & Lamb, 1992). In today's technology-driven era, this essential sense of support may be conveniently achieved through social media.Currently, research on the ability for social media platforms to increase perceptions of social support and, therefore, decrease parental stress among first-time mothers presents varied conclusions (see Bartholomew et al, 2012; McDaniel et al., 2012). The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to propose variables that may explain these results. Specifically, it analyzes how both active production and passive consumption of social media influence perceptions of social support and parental stress in first-time mothers. The results reveal that for first-time mothers, production on social media can lead to increased social media–based feedback, which can then lead to increased perceptions of appraisal support. Passive consumption of social media content neither increases nor decreases perceptions of social support.

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Struthers, S. J. R. "A study of social relations in the recording of popular music." Thesis, Keele University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376299.

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Bhattacharyya, Arunava. "Production and Inefficiency." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4051.

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The overall purpose of this three-part dissertation is to specify and estimate various components of inefficiency in the production and profit-generating processes. Flexibility in inefficiency-measurement techniques is introduced using stochastic fun ctional forms to overcome the restrictions of the simplifying assumptions used in previous studies. In addition, the profit function approach is used to measure firm specific inefficiency and to view profit inefficiency in the multiple output context. Empirical application of each approach is also attempted. Application of the measurement of the inefficiency component in the first two essays is made using data taken from Indian agricu lture. The multiple output model of the third essay is applied to data of the U. S. unit bank taken from the Functional Cost Analysis programme of the Federal Reserve banking system. In the first essay, a quasi-translog production function is introduced and allocative, technical, and scale infficiencies are estimated for Indian agriculture with large and small farm divisions. Results obtained contradict earlier conclusions regarding the efficiency of Indian farms. In the second essay, a Normalized Restricted Profit function is used to estimate allocative, scale, and profit inefficiency for the same set of farms. Empirical results confirm the conclusions of the first essay. Technical inefficiency cannot be isolated in this case, because the impact of technical inefficiency is confounded in the measure of profit inefficiency. In the third essay, a translog profit function is used to estimate profit and allocative inefficiency in U. S. banking operations.

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Knudsen, Claus Jørgen Schibsted. "Presence production." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3823.

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This investigation has been carried out at the RoyalInstitute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm. The main goal hasbeen to investigate the factors determining the production of asense of presence and reality in video mediated communication.Presenceis in these studies defines as the subjectiveexperience of being together in one place when one isphysically situated in another. Presence is an emergentproperty; it has no physicality, but arises as a mentalsensation. Special attention has been paid to spatial factors,embodiment issues, and narrative elements related to theproduction of presence.

A context map has been used in order to model the semanticsof presence production and to visualize the relationshipsbetween the determining factors. The conclusions may besummarized as follows:

Knowledge about physical and extended spaces and bodiesand of the shifting of attention between these is importantin presence production.

Well planned design of physical and virtual spacesenhances the sense of presence.

Coherent design and production of mediated embodiment canenhance the sense of presence.

Conscious use of content characteristics, e.g., goodstorytelling, can enhance the sense of presence.

Different communication modes need the support ofdifferent combinations of presence production factors.

Even technically poorly mediated communication maysupport a sense of presence and reality if the storytellingis good.

The human sensory environment should be supported by asense of non-mediation, technological transparency, on theplane of discourse.

The results indicate that individual differencesinfluence the sense of presence and reality.

The perception of video mediated communication evolves aspeople become daily users. People seem to intuitively begin tointerpret new types of mediated cues, adding what is missing incomparison to a real time physical communicationexperience.

Keywords:Telepresence, presence, social presence,co-presence, concept modeling, virtual reality, person space,task space, narration, video mediated communication, videoconferencing.

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McQuiston, James M. "Social capital in the production gap| Social networking services and their transformative role in civic engagement." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618866.

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Social networking services are used by a large segment of society; Facebook claims that 1 billion users are active on their website. The potential role for social networking in civic engagement is substantial, and this dissertation expands upon previous research in its examination of the relationship between social networking use and civic engagement. Prior research into the effect of social networking services on social capital creation is limited in terms of generalizability and predictive power. The dissertation explores the determinants of social networking service use, the impact that social networking services have on the creation of social capital, and how social networking website use modifies a respondent's level of generalized trust and political efficacy.

The sample utilized in this dissertation includes 2,303 respondents from the Social Side of the Internet Survey, conducted in November and December of 2010. The dissertation utilizes this data to examine social networking intensity as a hypothesized determinant of indirect and direct forms of social capital. Models explore the decision to utilize the internet, social networking services (SNS), and to join traditional groups, evaluating the hypothesis that SNS usage creates social capital through a different pathway than online or physical interactions. Results provide early support for this hypothesis, as the factors influencing the decision to utilize social networking are separate from those modifying online or group activity.

The explanatory power of social networking intensity is compared to demographic and group-centered conceptions of social capital generation. The data supports the conception that SNS intensity is a significant determinant of external political efficacy and social capital, but is unable to identify a relationship between social networking intensity and generalized trust.

By examining the role that social networking services play alongside factors such as age, education, internet use, gender, race, socioeconomic class, technology, and group association, the dissertation tests hypotheses important to political science sub-fields including American politics, civic engagement, and political theory. Future research examining social networking and civic engagement needs to consider how governmental representatives view the social capital generated by social networking services.

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McQuiston, James M. "Social capital in the production gap: social networking services and their transformative role in civic engagement." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374593081.

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Stetler, Cinnamon Ashley. "Social contacts as modifiers of diurnal cortisol production : a potential pathway between social relationships and health." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31526.

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Social connections have been linked with morbidity and mortality across decades of research. Although stress buffering and health behavior models have been extensively detailed as pathways for this effect, the direct effects of social contacts on physiology have received less attention. Social contacts may help to regulate biological rhythms, particularly within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a hormonal system known to be influenced by the social environment. Dysregulation of the HPA axis has been associated with psychiatric illnesses such as depression. The current thesis includes three studies that investigated the relationship between social contact and the diurnal pattern of cortisol secretion, as well as the moderating role of depression. These relationships were examined both cross-sectionally and prospectively via daily diary assessment of daily social contacts and salivary cortisol levels. In the first study, depressed women had a blunted cortisol response to waking compared to non-depressed women. Among the non-depressed but not among depressed women, the number of social contacts (especially positive ones) was associated with cortisol response to waking. In the second study, data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling and within-person results revealed that cortisol slopes following a day with more social contacts were steeper compared to cortisol slopes following a day with fewer social contacts. In the third study, daily social contacts were manipulated using a within-subjects design. Participants experienced both high and low social contact conditions in the laboratory while continuing to collect ambulatory data on their daily social contacts and cortisol levels. Results show that the manipulation successfully altered daily social contacts, but had no significant effect on cortisol slope. However, there is some evidence to suggest that frequency of contact may be an important moderator of the effect. Although causality has not been definitively demonstrated, findings from these studies suggest that in addition to previously articulated pathways, social relationships may influence health via a direct effect of social contact on physiology.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate

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Ceyhan, Murat. "Dynamics Of Knowledge Production And The Social Formation Of The University." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612394/index.pdf.

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The purpose of this thesis is to establish a preliminary foundation of a research method aimed at understanding the social identity, role and function of the university. In this respect, it aims at identifying and articulating a set of issues, concepts, questions, social dynamics and so on, which have to be addressed and investigated carefully, before starting to build such a research method. To this end, the thesis focuses on and analyzes a recent debate on the changing nature of the contemporary social system of knowledge production
a debate constituted by several theses of change, namely, Mode 2, Finalization in Science, Post-normal Science, Academic Capitalism and Triple Helix, and the critiques directed towards these theses. In consequence, the thesis argues that to understand the social nature and function of the university, first and foremost, a versatile conceptual framework is required to capture the phenomenon of the social construction of the paradigm of knowledge/science
a phenomenon which is certainly nonlinear by nature and involves complex interrelations between scientific, political, economic and cultural realms.

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Guney, Ahmet Oncu. "Investigating The House-church In Dura-europos: Production Of Social Space." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614291/index.pdf.

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This thesis investigates space through its relationship with society based on the idea of the social production of space. By employing the social concepts of community and institution, and the spatial concepts of shelter space and marker space, it provides a theoretical perspective for the evaluation of space in architectural history. This theoretical frame is supplied with a case study on the evolution of Early Christian community and their meeting place. The historical course of the Early Christianity in the Roman Empire from community formation to become an institution &ndash
Christendom - constitutes the paradigm for the social premise of the thesis. On the other hand, the proposed outline for the spatial evolution is demonstrated on the house-church at Dura-Europos.

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Rind, Muhammad Ismail. "Social effects on the feeding behaviour and production of dairy cows." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240136.

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Baxter, Martin. "Consuming others : the social production of rapable bodies and rapist mentalities." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14858.

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Sexual violence is ubiquitous throughout the Anglophone West and shows no sign of abating. Feminist analysis has long demonstrated that this is a problem grounded in gender relations, patterns of masculine socialisation, and patriarchal social organisation. However, this thesis proposes that the roots of the Anglophone West’s rape culture also extend far beyond matters of gender and sexuality, deep into the core of the dominant culture itself. Setting feminist theory in dialogue with wider socio-cultural analysis, the research explores the complex relationships between the prevailing ideologies, ethics, systems, structures and practices of the dominant culture and the Anglophone West’s high incidence of sexual violence. In so doing, it reveals that, contrary to popular misconceptions, rape is neither a ‘natural’ nor a ‘savage’ act but a highly ‘civilised’ one which expresses the foundational philosophies of Anglophone Western culture in a sexualised, gendered form. Specifically, it shows that sexual objectification, which presents women as little more than ‘rapable bodies’, is part of a far wider pattern of normalised objectification developing from the Anglophone West’s underlying belief that some lives are worth less than others and so may be legitimately used and ‘consumed’ for personal gain. Expanding this to include analysis of men who commit sexual violence, it also establishes that perpetrators’ ‘rapist mentalities’, or the modes of thought and relation that enable and motivate rapists to commit rape, function as interpersonal, gendered expressions of the Anglophone West’s celebration of and reliance upon exploitation, conquest and coercive rule. Through these arguments, the thesis ultimately demonstrates that rape is not only an act of gender violence but also an inevitable manifestation of the dominant culture of the Anglophone West at large which can be fully addressed and challenged only by expanding analytical frameworks to include broad socio-cultural critiques and diverse social justice activism. In taking this position, the thesis expands understanding of rape beyond the limits of existing research and raises significant issues for both future scholarship and the ongoing struggle against sexual violence.

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Dymott, Roy. "Undergraduate essay production as cultural practice : technological, social and institutional mediation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34590.

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Coursework essay production plays central roles in the learning and assessment of many undergraduates. This investigation is concerned with how students accomplish essay production through engagements with documents and other resources. Unlike more traditional psychological approaches, 'cultural psychology' (Cole, 1996) sees such resources as intrinsic to cognition and action. Cultural psychology is adopted as the theoretical framework for this investigation. Three empirical studies are conducted. They comprise a set of complementary lenses, focusing upon different 'levels' of activity and different aspects of context.

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Qengwa, Viwe Keith. "Social perspectives on hydroponics production in the Nelson Mandela Metro Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5246.

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Despite millions of Rands being disbursed to the three hydroponic projects in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality by Provincial Departments, Development Agencies and NGOs, relatively little is known about the impact of these projects. There is too little evaluative research on the effectiveness of such development projects. Questions arose as to what made these projects fail and what was required for sustainability over their intended life-spans. Evaluations assess a project’s ability to be sustained by examining different aspects of sustainability, including technical soundness, skills transfer, political effect, economic viability, and institutional, organizational and management effectiveness. This study has revealed that hydroponic production is a very challenging business that requires close monitoring, intense technical knowledge, and continuous learning. Moreover it is very costly, while profit generation is quick and the market central for the sustainability of this kind of project. The findings of this study also revealed that no proper feasibility study was conducted including selection of beneficiaries, no monitoring by funders and donors, no transfer of skills and no continuous empowerment of project members. Project members also indicated that they are aware of the causes of their project closures and that they are willing to participate in hydroponics production initiatives again because of the potential that these projects have.

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Van, Klyton Aaron. "The social life of music : commodification, space, and identity in world music production." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-social-life-of-music(3f90ae17-2c87-43f9-b396-3334cf3fe10f).html.

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This project examines the ways in which commodification and identity work in the particular context of world music production. I trace the path of world music of West African origin as it connects different people, ideas, and objectives in the London world music scene. I look at how commodification occurs in this context and the implications for how identity gets (re)-constructed during the commodification processes to suit a variety of individual needs. The paper empirically examines some theoretical assumptions about space, representation, and commodification by problematizing them as three key aspects of this production/consumption process. Lastly, the thesis shows how performance spaces become spaces of performance through the interactions of various social actors, namely, the musicians, promoters, and DJs and that world music is a site of struggle over representation. Drawing on ethnographic approaches used in the fieldwork, I demonstrate the relationship that relatively small players in the local world music scene maintain with the larger structural forces that control the industry. In doing so they create value for the art and for themselves. The thesis is an effort to understand the ways in which identity can shift and is relational with respect to space and power. It contributes to literature on geography and music, music and identity, and commodification.

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MERLOT, Élodie. "Modulation de la production de cytokines par l'environnement." Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007518.

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Les conséquences immunitaires d'un stress d'origine environnementale sont complexes et encore difficilement prévisibles. Le stress affecte le système immunitaire soit en agissant sur l'immunité innée, en altérant la réactivité inflammatoire, soit en agissant sur l'immunité acquise, en modulant la production de cytokines dites Th1 et Th2. L'environnement social
contribue largement au développement et à l'expression de maladies. Dans les espèces sociales, la position sociale occupée dans le groupe module la susceptibilité aux infections mais les supports endocriniens et immunitaires de ces différences de susceptibilité sont ignorés. La remise en cause de l'organisation sociale engendre un stress important dont les conséquences immunitaires sont encore sujettes à controverse.
Ce travail de thèse a pour objectifs (1) de décrire l'influence du statut social sur le fonctionnement des systèmes endocrinien et immunitaire, (2) de préciser les effets du stress
social sur la production de cytokines et la susceptibilité aux infections et (3) de rechercher des facteurs à l'origine de la variabilité des conséquences immunitaires du stress social.
Chez le porcelet, un regroupement après le sevrage élève transitoirement le cortisol salivaire et altère le comportement mais n'affecte pas la réactivité des lymphocytes sanguins.
La suite des travaux a utilisé une procédure de défaite sociale chronique chez la souris. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence une influence du statut social. En absence de stress, les
dominants présentent des niveaux de base de corticostérone et une réponse spécifique à la tuberculine supérieurs aux dominés. Suite à une défaite sociale, les dominants sont plus affectés que les dominés. La défaite sociale augmente la réactivité inflammatoire mais ne modifie pas de façon nette l'équilibre de la production de cytokines de type Th1 et Th2 et n'affecte pas l'immunité spécifique développée contre une infection mycobactérienne. Les conséquences immunitaires de la défaite sociale ne sont observées que lorsque le stress est associé à des combats et à des blessures. Ces travaux montrent que la réponse au stress dépend de l'histoire sociale de l'individu, en particulier de son statut social. De plus, les
répercussions immunitaires du stress dépendent aussi de l'histoire immunitaire récente. En effet, une réaction inflammatoire systémique inhibe la libération plasmatique de cytokines
inflammatoires en réponse à un stress psychologique ultérieur.

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Becker, Stephen Lewis. "Re-thinking the educational production function paradigm /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Marreiros, Hélia Maria Rosa. "Essays on distribution rules, identity and social preferences in team production technologies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285177.

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Esta tesis consta de cinco ensayos sobre el tema de investigación de cómo la cultura moldea las preferencias sociales, la identidad del grupo y la elección de las reglas de reparto en organizaciones que producen con tecnologías de equipo. El primer ensayo expone el estado del arte del tema de investigacion. El segundo ensayo “Efectos de la identidad organizacional en equipos auto-gestionados: Un marco teórico,” modela las decisiones de contribución de miembros de la organización con diferentes habilidades en organizaciones de producción conjunta, donde la producción se comparte de acuerdo a reglas predeterminadas. El análisis teórico explica las diferencias entre la eficiencia (maximización de la riqueza) y la distribución de la riqueza bajo la segunda mejor regla de reparto y bajo una regla de reparto igualitario, y compara los resultados en situaciones donde los miembros de la organización muestran sentimientos de identidad y cuando no. El tercer ensayo “Reglas de reparto en sociedades colectivas heterogéneas: Un experimento.” presenta los resultados de un experimento controlado con el objetivo de probar algunas de las predicciones teóricas del modelo desarrollado en el ensayo anterior. Los experimentos confirman que en organizaciones de producción auto-gestionada con recursos heterogéneos, la segunda mejor regla de reparto, que comparte la producción final proporcionalmente a la productividad de los recursos suministrados, es más eficientes que la regla de reparto igualitarias. El cuarto ensayo "Cómo la identidad Afecta Las Reglas De Reparto y la Productividad De Los Equipos Heterogéneos? Un Experimento" muestra los resultados de los nuevos experimentos también diseñados para contrastar algunas de las predicciones del modelo teórico, es decir, probar que la identidad social de los miembros del grupo aumenta la eficiencia de la producción en las organizaciones auto gestionadas, e induce a una distribución de la riqueza más igualitaria entre los proveedores de insumos con diferentes habilidades. El experimento permite a los miembros de la organización votar sobre la regla de reparto de la producción, como revelación de sus preferencias por distribuciones de la riqueza más o menos igualitarias. Por último, el quinto ensayo "¿Hablamos el mismo idioma? Un experimento de campo sobre los determinantes de desempeño de los equipos," prueba empíricamente las predicciones sobre el rendimiento de las organizaciones auto gestionadas cuando los miembros del grupo difieren en el grado de heterogeneidad, en términos de diferentes nacionalidades, lenguas maternas, y diferentes etnias. La investigación realizada en esta tesis doctoral contribuye a la literatura sobre el diseño organizacional de varias maneras. En primer lugar, amplia el estudio de la organización de la producción con tecnología de equipo a situaciones en las que los propietarios de los recursos contribuyen de forma diferente a la producción total. En segundo lugar, modela la elección sobre las reglas de reparto de la producción en dos situaciones: cuando las partes colaboradoras sólo se preocupan por la recompensa monetaria de su colaboración, y cuando los miembros del grupo comparten una cultura común que modifica sus preferencias, incluyendo preocupaciones por la distribución de la riqueza y la identificación con el grupo. En tercer lugar, la investigación examina de manera teórica y experimental el rendimiento de la producción en equipo cuando un planificador social escoge la segunda mejor regla de reparto, y cuando los propios miembros del grupo eligen democráticamente las reglas de reparto. Los resultados permiten también la comparación de entornos en los que la identidad de grupo se induce por el investigador con otros donde no ocurre así. Por último, la tesis ofrece nueva evidencia experimental sobre el efecto de las diferentes dimensiones de la heterogeneidad – origen (internacional o nacional), habilidades, etnia y género - en el rendimiento de los equipos.
This thesis contains five essays on the general research topic of how culture shapes social preferences, group identity and the choice of output sharing rules in organizations that produce with team production technologies. The first essay lays out the state of the art of research on this topic. The second essay under the title “Effects Of Organizational Identity On Self-Managed Teams: A Theoretical Framework” models the input contribution decisions of organization members with different skills in joint production organizations where output is shared according to predetermined rules. The theoretical analysis explains the differences in efficiency (wealth maximization) and in wealth distribution under second best and equal output sharing rules, and compares the results in situations where the organization members have social identity and when they do not. The third essay, with the title “Sharing Rules In Heterogeneous Partnerships: An Experiment” presents the results of a controlled experiment aimed at testing some of the theoretical predictions from the model developed in the previous essay. The experiments confirm that in self-managed productive organization with heterogeneous resources, second best sharing rules that share output proportionally to the productivity of the supplied resources are more efficient than equal sharing rules. The forth essay entitled “Does Identity Affect Distributional Rules And Productivity Of Heterogeneous Teams? An Experiment” shows the results of new experiments aimed also to test some of the predictions from the theoretical model, namely that social identity of group members increases production efficiency in self-managed organizations, and gives more equalitarian distribution of wealth among input suppliers with different skills. The experiment allows the organization members voting on the output-sharing rule as a revelation of their preferences for more or less egalitarian distribution of wealth. Finally, the fifth essay “Do We Speak The Same Language? A Field Experiment On the Determinants Of Team Performance” empirically tests the predictions on performance of self-managed organizations when group members differ in the degree of heterogeneity, this time measured in terms of different nationalities, mother languages and different ethnicity. The research conducting to this PhD dissertation contributes to the literature on organization design decisions in several ways. First, it extend the study of organization in team production to situations where resources owners have different contributions to total output, for example, because resources are of different quality or workers have different skills. Second, it models the choice and decisions on sharing rules under two settings: when collaborating parties only care about the monetary payoff from their collaboration, and when the group members share a common culture that modifies their preferences, including distributional concerns and group identity. Third, the research examines in a theoretical and experimental way the performance in team production when a social planner chooses the second best output-sharing rule (sharing rule that maximizes team wealth taking in account the Nash equilibrium level of contributions of organization members), and when the group members themselves democratically choose the sharing rules. The results allow also comparing settings where group identity is manufactured with others where is not. Finally, the thesis provides new field experimental evidence on the effect of different dimensions of heterogeneity –origin (international or domestic), skills, ethnicity and gender- on performance in self-managed organizations with team production technologies.

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Grant, Alyson. "Rhetoric and the social production of knowledge in criticism of Henry V." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0007/MQ39922.pdf.

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Kocoloski, Matthew L. "Approaches to Reducing the Social Cost of Biofuel Production, Distribution, and Consumption." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2010. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/558.

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Biofuels, and specifically next‐generation biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol, have the potential to create economic, environmental, and energy security benefits relative to the fossil fuels that currently power the transportation sector in the United States. However, issues involving ethanol production cost, emissions resulting from land use change, and infrastructure requirements may incur significant social costs. This dissertation examines social costs from different aspects of biofuel production, distribution, and consumption in an effort to inform policies that could reduce these costs. This dissertation contains seven research chapters that examine social costs of ethanol at different points along the supply chain. This work begins by examining some impacts of cellulosic feedstock production. Land use change, especially indirect land use change, has been the most controversial topic within the biofuel research community in recent years, with some findings indicating that biofuels could be more carbon‐intensive than gasoline. However, cost reductions from cellulosic ethanol could be used to more than offset the increased emissions if policies are in place to balance the impacts. Ethanol production from forest thinnings, on the other hand, could result in a positive externality by reducing wildfire damage while also providing funds for additional fuel treatments. Decisions regarding cellulosic ethanol facility size and location can have significant impacts on production cost. Cellulosic ethanol refinery investments over the next 12 years are expected to be on the order of $100 billion, so these decisions could be costly if made suboptimally. The rest of the thesis examines costs and impacts of ethanol distribution, promoting a regional fuel strategy that would have ethanol consumed in high‐level blends (such as E85) in regions where it can be produced (mainly the Midwest and Southeast) rather than in low‐level blends throughout the country. Regional distribution would save billions of dollars per year in shipping costs and reduce shipping loads and congestion costs along the rail freight network. Imports of sugarcane ethanol produced in Brazil could be part of this regional fuel strategy, but costs for shipping the fuel from plants to ports within Brazil could be substantial. A key component of this regional fuel strategy is the penetration of both flex‐fuel vehicles and E85 infrastructure throughout ethanol producing regions, but these costs are generally less than the savings from reduced shipping costs. Next‐generation biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol will play an increasing role in meeting transportation energy demand in the near future. This research will hopefully help shape policies that will allow cellulosic ethanol to meet demand while limiting social cost.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social production'

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