Dissertations / Theses: 'Social Proximity'

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Mitthalal, Dipesh Dugar. "Social Proximity Indicator Application Enhancing Personalization for the User : A User Centric Multimodal Smartphone based Social Proximity Indicator." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147677.

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The smartphone has become an important part of our daily life. It takes advantage of multiple built-in sensors, along with internet connectivity, to provide a variety of services including navigation, weather forecasts, media capturing/sharing, and many more. The smartphone has become a hub for our social interactions, ranging from traditional voice communications through messaging, to online social networking. There are endless possibilities for a new generation of applications that automatically adapts according to users’ social affinities. The key enabler is to understand the social profile of the user and to realize a Social Proximity Indicator (SPI). This indicator of a user’s social profile includes the user’s location, preferences, common friends, frequent interactions among friends, community membership, and many more attributes. This project addresses the exploitation of the user’s smartphone as a detector of these user’s social contexts in order to infer the social proximity between any 2 (or more) people. The goal of this social proximity indicator is to identify the (current) set of smartphone users that would want to participate in an application specific activity, such as media sharing, group conversation, etc. SPI identifies users based on their social interactions and common preferences. Based on this SPI, a photo sharing application is proposed and built for the Android smartphone platform. This application uses multiple physical and virtual sensors (hosted by the user’s smartphone) to determine the context of the user. After inferring this context, the application initiates photo sharing among an identified group sharing this context. The application, as well as the underlying code, theoretical concepts, and results are presented in this thesis. The experiments conducted during this thesis project indicate that it is feasible to build smartphone based social proximity based applications in which proximity incorporates much more than simply physical location, thus going beyond existing applications.
Smartphone har blivit en viktig del av vårt dagliga liv, som drar nytta av de många inbyggda sensorer, inklusive Internet-anslutning, för att ge en mängd olika tjänster. Däribland navigation, väderprognoser, media fånga/delning, och många fler tjänster. Smartphone har blivit kärnan i våra sociala interaktioner. Den erbjuder allt från traditionella röst kommunikation via meddelanden, till sociala nätverk. Det finns oändliga möjligheter för nästa generationens program som kommer att automatiskt anpassar sig till användarnas sociala tillhörighet. Den viktigaste faktorn är att förstå den sociala profilen av användaren genom att använda ett Socialt Proximity Indikator (SPI). Denna indikator på social profil innehåller användarens läge, inställningar, gemensamma vänner, täta samspel mellan vänner, gemenskap medlemskap, och många fler attribut . Detta projekt behandlar utnyttjandet av användarens smartphone som en detektor av användarens sociala sammanhang för att ansluta sig till social närhet mellan några två (eller fler) personer. Målet med denna indikator är att identifiera den (nuvarande) uppsättning av smartphone-användare som skulle vilja delta i någon applikation specifik aktivitet, till exempel mediedelning, gruppsamtal, etc. SPI identifiera användare baserat på deras sociala interaktioner och gemensamma preferenser. En fotodelnings applikation har föreslagits och byggd för Android smartphone -plattformen, baserad på data från SPI. Denna applikation använder flera fysiska och virtuella sensorer (genom användarens smartphone) för att bestämma ramen för användaren. Efter en analys kommer programmet att initiera fotodelning mellan den identifierade gruppen som hittades i analysen. Applikationen, liksom den underliggande koden ,teoretiska begrepp, och resultaten kommer att presenteras i denna uppsats. Experimenten som genomfördes under detta examensarbete tyder på att det är möjligt att bygga smartphone baserad på SPI där närhet innehåller mycket mer än bara fysisk plats. Det gör applikationen unik än de befintliga applikationer.

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Li, Hong Ping. "Secure proximity queries in mobile geo-social services." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1551.

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Anderson, Dale E. "The geography of belonging: Place, proximity, and social support." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28974.

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This thesis is about belonging, about people's ties to others and the nature of those ties; such ties are referred to by social scientists as social support. Social support has traditionally been studied with respect to two dimensions: structural dimensions refer to the characteristics of the individuals who are part of an individual's social support network (such as their number, or the frequency with which they interact); functional dimensions refer to the types of support that are exchanged between people (such as practical help, or affection). In the early 1980s, Graham Rowles, an American geographer studying the elderly, proposed that the combination of the support received by the elderly, and the place in which it was provided, gave rise to sociospatial support---a concept that has lain dormant ever since. This thesis is an attempt to reinvestigate this concept, and explore how place (i.e., the neighbourhood) and proximity influence the social support that is received by the elderly (those aged 55 to 74) in the Outaouais region of the Province of Quebec. The research makes use of three data sources: information on basic structural and functional dimensions of support in the lives of the elderly is provided by the National Population Health Survey; a regional survey of the Outaouais elderly provides insights into the role of the neighbourhood and neighbours in the provision of support, with a particular interest in the provision of support by nonkin; and, finally, a series of interviews with selected elderly allow for understanding of the previous two stages within the context of individual experience. The research findings enabled the proposal of the kinship continuum, in which it was hypothesized that ties to nonkin could be placed along a continuum of intimacy or propinquity, with kindred of recognition anchoring one end, and kindred of communitatis securing the other. The most substantial contribution was the proposal of a framework for a geography of belonging, in which three modalities---network, properties of the person, and milieu---were identified and delineated along a number of attributes, in an attempt to advance Rowles's original concept.

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Lawrence, Christina Evangelina. "Heart rate during chatting as an index of social proximity." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274977.

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Tang, Fugui. "A proximity determinable social pseudonym framework in online identity management system." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107858.

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Online identities play critical roles in the current Internet world. One of the virtues of traditional online identities, in forms of pseudonyms, is the privacy protection of online users. Users can create as many anonymous identities as they want with only an email account. However, the anonymity itself could be a limitation because of the lack of accountability.The prevalence of online social networks inspires us to create a social pseudonym framework through which it is possible to determine proximity between pseudonyms while retaining privacy. The basic idea of this work is mapping the online social network into a geometric space and assigning each user a coordinate according to the relationship with his/her neighborhood. The coordinate itself will not disclose any information of a user, but by computing the coordinates distance, proximity between users could be estimated with a certain probability. I evaluated the framework with several real online social network datasets. The results indicate that the proposed framework is promising under certain conditions.
Dans le contexte d'Internet, les identifiants des usagers jouent un rôle critique. L'un des avantages des identifiants traditionnels, soient les pseudonymes, est de fournir une protection de la vie privée des usagers. Les usagers peuvent créer autant d'identifiants anonymes qu'ils le désirent simplement en utilisant une adresse courriel. Par contre, l'anonymité même peut devenir un facteur limitant dû à la déresponsabilisation des usagers. L'importance des réseaux sociaux en ligne nous inspire à créer un système de pseudonymes sociaux à travers lequel il sera possible de déterminer la proximité entre pseudonymes tout en conservant la confidentialité. Le système se base sur l'idée d'associer un réseau social à un espace géométrique et d'assigner des coordonnées à chaque usager qui dépendent de la relation entre l'usager et son voisinage. Les coordonnées elles-même ne fournissent aucune information confidentielle à propos d'un usager. Cependant, en calculant la distance entre différentes coordonnées, la proximité entre usagers peut être estimée avec une certaine probabilité. J'ai évalué le système avec des données provenant de réseaux sociaux réels. Les résultats indiquent que le système proposé, en imposant certaines conditions, est prometteur.

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Freni, D. "PRIVACY PRESERVATION IN LOCATION-BASED PROXIMITY SERVICES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/155484.

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One of the most common location-based services (LBS) in the geo-aware social network market is the notification of friends geographically in proximity. In addition to the privacy threats related to the use of traditional LBS, there are other privacy threats specific to proximity services. Existing privacy-preserving solutions for LBS are not effective or directly applicable. For this reason, we developed techniques that specifically address the privacy threats of this type of services. The proposed techniques let a user control what is disclosed about her location and formally guarantee that these requirements are satisfied. An extensive empirical evaluation was performed, by using a dataset of user movement generated using an agent-based simulator, in which agents reflect the behavior of typical users of proximity services. The techniques were also integrated in a fully functional privacy-aware proximity service, for which we developed desktop and mobile clients.

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Aharony, Nadav. "Virtual Private Milieus : sharing our digital aura through social and physical proximity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46576.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-160).
People are quite good at establishing a social style and using it in different communications contexts, but they do less well when the communication is mediated by computer networks. It is hard to control what information is revealed and how one's digital persona will be presented or interpreted. In this thesis, we ameliorate this problem by creating a "Virtual Private Milieu", a "VPM", that allows networked devices to act on our behalf and project a "digital aura" to other people and devices around us in a manner analogous to the way humans naturally interact with one another. The dynamic aggregation of the different auras and facets that the devices expose to one another creates social spheres of interaction between sets of active devices, and consequently between people. We focus on the subset of networking that deals with proximate communication, which we dub Face-to-Face Networking (FtFN). Network interaction in this space is often analogous to human face-to-face interaction, and increasingly, our devices are being used in local situations. We describe a VPM framework, key features of which include the incorporation of trust and context parameters into the discovery and communication process, incorporation of multiple contextunique identities, and also the support for multiple degrees of security and privacy. We also present the "Social Dashboard", a readily usable control for one's aura. Finally, we review "Comm.unity", a software package that allows developers and researchers easy implementation and deployment of local and distant social applications, and present two applications developed over this platform.
Nadav Aharony.
S.M.

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Robertson, Peter. "Renewable Energy: Prospects, Politics, the Public, and Proximity." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6690.

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The way our electricity is generated is in a period of rapid change; in the United States and many other countries the system is becoming less reliant on coal based power systems, while natural gas and solar and wind power are becoming more and more important. Technological advances have made solar and wind power more efficient and increasingly cost-effective. While these changes to the electrical system come with great benefits, such as less pollution, these technologies are not free of impacts. The electrical system is inseparable from our modern lifestyle, and because the system is so large this transition will affect society in many ways. This dissertation analyzes one aspect of the social side of these changes in the electrical system by asking, what does the public think about renewable energy? In particular we examined how political beliefs, community differences, and residential distance from wind turbines might influence attitudes about renewable energy. We find that political belief is an important factor in predicting levels of support for renewable energy, with conservatives less likely to prefer renewable energy and liberals more supportive of its development. We also find distinct differences in how residents of particular communities tend to react to renewable energy and local wind power development. In addition, we find that living closer to wind turbines is not a good way to predict attitudes about wind energy. These results should help policy makers and developers to make better decisions about how and where we build utility-scale solar and wind electric power facilities by taking into consideration the nuances of personal and political beliefs as well as community differences.

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Gee, Alexandra. "Proximity to Sport-Related Goals and Alcohol Consumption by Student-Athletes." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1395153535.

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CRUZ, MARIA CRISTINA LOUREIRO. "PROXIMITY TO MADNESS: SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT MADNESS BY PEOPLE CONNECTED TO OTHERS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34061@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Esta tese se propõe a discutir as representações sociais da loucura e do lugar social do louco, cujo objetivo se articula à avaliação de Paulo Amarante (2007) sobre a importância da dimensão sociocultural relativa aos desdobramentos da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira para o processo de desinstitucionalização, que prevê a reinserção social das pessoas com transtornos mentais. A Teoria das Representações Sociais por sua abordagem processual, com Serge Moscovici, Denise Jodelet e Angela Arruda, dá suporte para o entendimento e para a aproximação do objeto trabalhado. A Cartografia de Deleuze e Guattari, também acessada através da leitura de Virgínia Kastrup e Roberta Romagnoli, e a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011) são as ferramentas teórico-metodológicas utilizadas para o acompanhamento do processo e a análise do material produzido pelos 29 entrevistados nos dois campos da pesquisa. A análise de conteúdo mostra as representações sociais do louco com características simultâneas e polares de agitação e agressividade ou tranquilidade e docilidade, e também como alguém que não é normal. A casa e a família foram apontadas como lugar social a ser ocupado pelo mesmo, e não os hospitais psiquiátricos. A loucura foi representada como doença, distúrbio, necessitando de medicação para seu controle e facilitação do convívio social, mas também as terapias foram apontadas como parte essencial do tratamento. A comunidade ainda oferece resistência à convivência com as pessoas com transtornos mentais por medo de violência e de perdas materiais, pedindo a internação das mesmas. A internação foi representada como necessária nos momentos de crise ou surto dos loucos. Os contornos mais finos e/ou singulares relacionados ao mapeamento das representações sociais podem ser identificados no exercício cartográfico a partir de três entrevistas escolhidas, e, na expressão das imagens produzidas pela pesquisadora, utilizando a linguagem visual para abordar aspectos do objeto e do processo como um todo.
This thesis proposes to discuss the social representations of the madness and the social place of the individual with a mental disorder, whose objective is articulated with the evaluation of Paulo Amarante (2007) on the importance of the sociocultural dimension related to the developments of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform for the process of deinstitutionalization, which provides for the social reintegration of people with mental disorder. The Theory of Social Representations for its procedural approach, with Serge Moscovici, Denise Jodelet and Angela Arruda, supports the understanding and the approximation of the object worked. The Cartography of Deleuze and Guattari, also accessed through the reading of Virginia Kastrup and Roberta Romagnoli, and the Content Analysis of Bardin (2011) are the theoretical-methodological tools used to follow the process and the analysis of the material produced by the 29 interviewees in the two fields of research. Content analysis shows the social representations of the individual with a mental disorder with simultaneous and polar characteristics of agitation and aggressiveness or tranquility and docility, and also as someone who is not normal. The house and the family were pointed out as a social place to be occupied by the same, and not the psychiatric hospitals. Madness was represented as a disease, disorder, requiring medication for its control and facilitation of social interaction, but also the therapies were pointed out as an essential part of the treatment. The community still offers resistance to living with people with mental disorder for fear of violence and material loss, asking them to be hospitalized. Institutionalization was represented as necessary in times of crisis or outbreak of the individual with a mental disorder. The finer and / or singular contours related to the mapping of social representations can be identified in the cartographic exercise from three chosen interviews and, in the expression of the images produced by the researcher, using the visual language to approach aspects of the object and the process as one all.

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Roche, Clémence. "Le comité social et économique central." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD020.

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L’instance unique a fait l’objet d’une consécration, par l’ordonnance n° 2017-1386 du 22 septembre 2017. Le comité social et économique est né. Symbole de la volonté de centralisation des institutions représentatives du personnel historiques, il en concentre la majorité des attributions. Afin de les exercer utilement, son fonctionnement doit être maîtrisé. Au sein d’une entreprise à établissements distincts, le comité social et économique central, dès lors qu’il caractérise une centralisation verticale des attributions, mais également horizontale, constitue le pivot du dialogue social dans l’entreprise. La question de la réalité de son adaptation à la structure économique et sociale de l’entreprise à établissements distincts ou de l’unité économique et sociale se pose inévitablement. La proximité et la spécialisation, souvent indispensables à l’exercice des attributions représentatives, ne disparaissent pas par l’effet de sa mise en place : elles peuvent être maintenues par la l’instauration de commissions ou de représentants de proximité. Dans ce cadre, la négociation collective occupe une place de choix : elle permet de façonner le comité social et économique central pour en faire une instance « sur mesure », à tous les stades de son existence
The single representative body was introduced by the Ordinance n° 2017-1386 of Sept. 22, 2017. The social and economic committee is born. As the symbol of the will to centralize the previous employee representative bodies, he exercises the vast majority of their remits. In order to exercise them usefully, his operating methods must be understood. In a company organized in a complex structure, the central and economic committee, as he exemplifies both vertical and horizontal centralizations, he appears as the linchpin of the social dialogue. Nevertheless, the reality of his adaptation to the economic and social structure of the company or the economic and social unit should be questioned inevitably. The proximity and the specialization, often essential to the exercise of his remits, do not disappear by the effect of his creation: the establishment of commissions or proximity representatives can maintain them. In this context, the collective negotiation occupies an important position: it allows them build the central social and economic committee so that it can become representative body “made to measure”, in every steps of his existence

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Cagle, John Garland. "Informal Caregivers of Advanced Cancer Patients: The Impact of Geographic Proximity on Social Support and Bereavement Adjustment." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1314.

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This research explored the social and psychological needs of caregivers of advanced cancer patients, and their subsequent bereavement adjustment. The study focuses exclusively on informal caregivers who provide assistance to patients receiving hospice care for end-stage cancer. Those individuals living furthest from the dying care recipient, the long distance caregivers, were of particular interest. This study used a prospective design to explore how a caregiver's geographic proximity impacted their social support and bereavement adjustment. A 2 x 3 repeated measures design was used to gather data from caregivers before a patient's death (using a pre-death questionnaire) as well as after the death (by post-death questionnaire). This design allowed for an examination of differences between three groups of caregivers over time: long distance caregivers (who live an hour or more from the care recipient), proximate caregivers (who live less than an hour away) and co-residing caregivers. One hundred and six (N = 106) caregivers were recruited to participate from Covenant Hospice, a large Gulf Coast-based palliative care organization. Validated instruments were used to measure levels of social support and bereavement adjustment. A repeated measures MANCOVA procedure explored the impact of geographic proximity on measures of social support and adjustment. Results did not support the proposed multivariate model. However, quality of dying (as measured by the QOD-Hospice) was identified as an influential between-groups covariate within the model. Further exploration of the QOD-Hospice revealed a negative correlation with levels of emotional grief, and positive correlations with length of stay in hospice, and pre-loss and post-loss levels of social support. Overall results seem to suggest that timely referrals to hospice, improvements in care for the dying, and increased attention to quality of dying, may have a beneficial impact for survivors during bereavement. Furthermore, findings from this study suggest that the quality of a person's final days may play an important role in how the surviving caregivers adjust to the loss. Not only can high quality end-of-life care benefit dying patients, but it may also facilitate bereavement adjustment for those who participated in their care network. However, findings were limited and further investigation of these relationships is warranted.

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Benjamin, Victor. "Bridging the Virtual and Real: The Relationship between Web Content, Linkage, and Geographical Proximity of Social Movements." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144177.

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Saab, Zeina. "Reconciliation through reintegration? : a study on spatial proximity and social relations in two post-civil war Beirut neighborhoods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46676.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-243).
Although the Lebanese Civil War ended in 1991 and Beirut became a reunified city, much of it remains divided between a Christian East and a Muslim West. Beyond certain parts of the capital, many of its residential neighborhoods remain almost entirely religiously homogeneous. This study takes an in-depth look at two neighborhoods undergoing sectarian integration. Relying on neighborhood observations and face-to-face interviews with over 30 residents, it highlights the reasons that residents have chosen to reside in non-co-religious neighborhoods. Factors facilitating sectarian residential integration seem to include a past history in the neighborhood, historical ownership of assets in the area, appealing neighborhood attributes, affordability, and location (vis a vis other destinations and activities). Mixing appears to be a function of larger dynamics as well, such as the rising price of real estate that excludes many groups from other desirable areas. This study reveals that rising real estate prices in and around Beirut are driving people to reside in more affordable, yet non-co-religious neighborhoods. I analyze the extent to which and under what conditions spatial proximity actually leads to social relations between non-co-religionists. Integration alone does not seem to guarantee interaction. Factors limiting cross-sectarian interaction within the same neighborhood appear to include an absence of neighborhood attachment and identification, high levels of personal activity in other locations, involuntary or temporary relocation, and co-religious clustering. Factors facilitating the production of cross-sectarian social relations within a neighborhood include high levels of neighborhood engagement and activity, experience growing up in a mixed neighborhood, attendance at a religiously-mixed school, and weak political party affiliation. I speculate that a relatively apolitical, secular, and non-polarizing environment facilitates integration. Alternatively, the presence of polarizing political and religious images and symbols can act as barriers, essentially keeping non-co-religionists out. I also speculate that with rising real estate prices, more families may be forced to live in non-co-religious or polarized neighborhoods and this may introduce increasing tension. Public policies should thus focus on improving relations between non-co-religionists living in mixed neighborhoods. Enhancing civic engagement of all the groups in such integrated environments may head-off tensions and instability and strengthen collective community identification.
by Zeina Saab.
M.C.P.

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Rodgers, Brandon E. "An Ecological Approach to Understanding the Stigma Associated with Receiving Mental Health Services: The Role of Social Proximity." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29982.

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Mental health services suffer the substantial limitation of helping only those who seek their assistance. Previous research has demonstrated that mental health stigma, including social and self-stigma, is one of the most significant barriers to an individual seeking available mental health services. Additionally, low levels of social proximity to mental illness may be a significant factor in increased social and self-stigma. Informed by ecological systems theory, this research examined demographic (i.e., gender, race/ethnicity, university) and social proximity factors (i.e., level of familiarity with mental illness and mental health services) that contributed to the mental health stigma associated with seeking mental health services within a university population. Web-based survey responses from 410 undergraduate students at two universities were obtained. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that while controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and university, having personally received mental health services predicted lower levels of mental health self-stigma. Consistent with previous findings, a significant predictive quality of social stigma towards self-stigma was also found. However, none of the models utilizing social proximity factors to predict social stigma were significant. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Ph. D.

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Valentin, Élodie. "Les dynamiques invisibles de la démocratie locale : L'expérience du projet social d'une maison de quartier à Dunkerque." Thesis, Littoral, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DUNK0361/document.

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Les problématiques liées à la démocratie locale et à l'innovation institutionnelle constituent le thème de recherche de notre travail. Suite à notre exploration empirique, celle de la construction d'un projet de territoire coordonné par une maison de quartier à Dunkerque impliquant différents types d'acteurs, nous avons constaté que la qualité sensible des intersubjectivités donne naissance à des symboles appropriés et à la création de cadres d'actions collectives dynamiques. Des espaces se construisent de cette manière et sont ceux de la socialisation continue et de la construction des motifs politiques. La présence de médiateurs, envisagés, de ce point de vue, comme des accompagnateurs d'un "jeu social sensible", constitue un important enjeu politique. Nos compétences citoyennes se construisent de cette manière car les liens entre ces espaces et les formes que prend la citoyenneté traduisent des interactions sociales qui s'appuient sur l'expérience de la considération. Ils sont des lieux d'échanges des représentations sociales. Ainsi, des processus de délibérations collectives multiformes et innovants construisent des équilibres délicats entre les acteurs d'un territoire. Notre travail de recherche propose de mettre en exergue les ressorts sensibles des formes d'accords et de solidarités afin d'interroger la gestion collective des émotions. Nous avons de cette façon compris les caractéristiques des compétences citoyennes et les qualités de l'espace public. Notre réflexion s'appuie sur une pensée pragmatique, incarnée par des auteurs tel que John Dewey, Erving Goffman mais aussi Daniel Cefaï, George Marcus et Richard Shusterman. Cette dernière se combine avec les travaux des sociologies représentées par Max Weber, Georg Simmel ou Edgar Morin...Pour compléter, au final, les observations de Maurice Blanc, Loïc Blondiaux, ou encore Pierre Rosanvallon, relatives à la participation démocratique
This research deals with issues linked to local democracy and institutional innovation. Through empirical exploration of the construction of a territory project coordinated by different kinds of actors from a community centre in Dunkirk, we noted that the perceptible quality of intersubjectivities both gives birth to appropriate symbols and new frameworks for dynamic collaborative actions. Spaces are constructed that way : they are those of continuous socialization through which political interests raise. Having mediators coach this kind of sensitive societal game is an important stake. Our civic capabilities develop that way because links between these spaces and the forms taken by citizenship reflect social interactions built upon the experience of consideration. They are places of exchange of social representations. Thus, varied and innovative collective deliberations processes build delicate balances between actors of a given territory. Our research propose to highlight the sensitive springs of the forms of consent and solidarity in order to interrogate the collective management of emotions.In doing so, we have understood the specificities of citizenship competencies and the qualities of the public space. Our reflection is based upon a pragmatic thinking embodied by authors such as John Dewey, Erving Goffman but also Daniel Cefaï, George Marcus and Richard Shusterman. The latter combines with sociologies represented by Max Weber, Georg Simmel or Edgar Morin, and is completed at last with observations by Maurice Leblanc, Loïc blondiaux or Pierre Rosanvallon on democratic participation

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Nicolai, Tom [Verfasser], Otthein [Akademischer Betreuer] Herzog, and Jonathan Andrew [Akademischer Betreuer] Crowcroft. "Sensing and Visualizing Social Context from Spatial Proximity / Tom Nicolai. Gutachter: Otthein Herzog ; Jonathan Andrew Crowcroft. Betreuer: Otthein Herzog." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1071992686/34.

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Li, Xinbao Wilson. "The interaction effects of social presence, recipient availability, urgency, relationship, and proximity on media selection : a cost minimization analysis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/520.

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Walters, Michael L. "The design space for robot appearance and behaviour for social robot companions." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/1806.

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To facilitate necessary task-based interactions and to avoid annoying or upsetting people a domestic robot will have to exhibit appropriate non-verbal social behaviour. Most current robots have the ability to sense and control for the distance of people and objects in their vicinity. An understanding of human robot proxemic and associated non-verbal social behaviour is crucial for humans to accept robots as domestic or servants. Therefore, this thesis addressed the following hypothesis: Attributes of robot appearance, behaviour, task context and situation will affect the distances that people will find comfortable between themselves and a robot. Initial exploratory Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) experiments replicated human-human studies into comfortable approach distances with a mechanoid robot in place of one of the human interactors. It was found that most human participants respected the robot's interpersonal space and there were systematic differences for participants' comfortable approach distances to robots with different voice styles. It was proposed that greater initial comfortable approach distances to the robot were due to perceived inconsistencies between the robots overall appearance and voice style. To investigate these issues further it was necessary to develop HRI experimental set-ups, a novel Video-based HRI (VHRI) trial methodology, trial data collection methods and analytical methodologies. An exploratory VHRI trial then investigated human perceptions and preferences for robot appearance and non-verbal social behaviour. The methodological approach highlighted the holistic and embodied nature of robot appearance and behaviour. Findings indicated that people tend to rate a particular behaviour less favourably when the behaviour is not consistent with the robot’s appearance. A live HRI experiment finally confirmed and extended from these previous findings that there were multiple factors which significantly affected participants preferences for robot to human approach distances. There was a significant general tendency for participants to prefer either a tall humanoid robot or a short mechanoid robot and it was suggested that this may be due to participants internal or demographic factors. Participants' preferences for robot height and appearance were both found to have significant effects on their preferences for live robot to Human comfortable approach distances, irrespective of the robot type they actually encountered. The thesis confirms for mechanoid or humanoid robots, results that have previously been found in the domain of human-computer interaction (cf. Reeves & Nass (1996)), that people seem to automatically treat interactive artefacts socially. An original empirical human-robot proxemic framework is proposed in which the experimental findings from the study can be unified in the wider context of human-robot proxemics. This is seen as a necessary first step towards the desired end goal of creating and implementing a working robot proxemic system which can allow the robot to: a) exhibit socially acceptable social spatial behaviour when interacting with humans, b) interpret and gain additional valuable insight into a range of HRI situations from the relative proxemic behaviour of humans in the immediate area. Future work concludes the thesis.

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Dahlberg-Grundberg, Michael. "Digital media and the transnationalization of protests." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-114456.

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Recent developments in communications technology have transformed how social movements might mobilize, and how they can organize their activities. This thesis explores some of the geographical consequences of the use of digital media for political activism. It does this by focusing on the transnationalization of protests. The aim is to analyse how movements with different organizational structures and political scopes are affected by their use of digital media. This is done with a specific focus on how digital media use influences or enables transnational modes of organization and activism. The thesis comprises four different case studies where each study examines a social movement with a specific organizational structure. There are, however, also important similarities between the movements. In each study, somewhat different perspectives and methodological approaches are used. Some of the methods used are semi-structured interviews, content analysis of written data (retrieved from Facebook as well as Twitter), and social network analysis. The analysis indicates that digital media do have a role in the transnationalization of protest. This role, however, differs depending on what type of social movement one studies. The organizational structure of social movements, together with their specific forms of digital media use, influences how the transnationalization of protests and movements is articulated and formed. In cases where a social movement has a hierarchical organizational structure, there is less transnationalization, whereas in social movements with a more non-hierarchical organizational structure one sees more transnationalization. The thesis concludes that the transnationalization of protests is affected by social movements’ organizational structure. The more decentralized the social movement, the more vibrant the transnational public. In order to explain how transnational social movements, using digital media, can emerge in cases where geographical distances might make such coalitions unlikely, the thesis introduces the notion of affectual proximity. This concept helps us understand how transnational social movements, connecting actors from all over the world, can emerge through digital media.

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Thatcher, Angela Marie. "Using Gender and Location to Examine the Effects of Geographic and Social Proximity in Determining Attitudes and Behaviors about Animal Welfare." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313419103.

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Decorps, Charlotte. "Renforcement de l’auto-efficacité par la transportation mentale : amélioration du pouvoir persuasif de communications prosociales en faveur du don de soi." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAG001/document.

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Alors que l’auto-efficacité apparaît comme une variable majeure de l’explication des comportements, peu de recherches se sont intéressées aux mécanismes susceptibles de l’améliorer dans le contexte particulier de la communication. De même, malgré les forts enjeux liés au don d’organes et au don de gamètes, ces causes ont peu reçu l’attention des chercheurs en marketing social et en communication persuasive. Au fil des recherches, l’expérience vicariante (apprentissage par observation) est apparue comme l’un des leviers majeurs d’auto-efficacité. L’objectif était donc de transposer cette expérience vicariante dans un contexte imaginaire en activant une imagerie mentale de transportation. Cette expérience de transportation, suscitée par des communications sous forme narratives et impliquant l’identification du récepteur au personnage de l’histoire, a permis de donner envie aux récepteurs de ressembler au donneur et a renforcé leur auto-efficacité à faire don de leurs organes / de leurs gamètes. Deux études indépendantes ont été menées pour tester et valider le modèle de recherche proposé. Les apports et limites de cette recherche sont soulignés et des voies de recherche future sont développées
While self-efficacy appears as a main behaviour’s explanatory variable, little research has been conducted regarding the potential mechanisms that could improve self-efficacy in the specific context of marketing communication. Moreover, despite the strong stakes linked with organ and gamete donations, such causes have received little attention from researchers in social marketing and persuasive communication. Through research, vicarious experience (observation learning) appeared as one of the main levers of self-efficacy. The objective was to transpose this vicarious experience in an imaginary context by activating transportation mental imagery. This transportation experience, provoked by narrative communications and involving receiver’s identification to the main character of the story, leads to receiver’s desire to look like the donor and to the reinforcement of their self-efficacy to donate their organs / gametes. Two independent studies were conducted in order to test and validate the proposed research model. Contributions and limits of this research are highlighted and potential future research directions are presented

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Karström, Tobias. "Exploring Stockolm’s Spatial Capital in Relation to Sustainable Development : a quantitative study on the impact of geographical proximity on education and income." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158113.

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The aim of this thesis was to examine if the theoretical concept of spatial capital explains the distribution of the human capital and high incomes in an urban region using Stockholm county as an empirical example. The spatial capital theory suggests that geographical proximities can explain social and economic distributions in urban regions and is divided into two subcategories;position and situation capital where the former measures the geographical proximities to urban environments and cultural amenities and the latter measures to proximities to public transportation alternatives. The study was conducted using proximity analysis performed with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in QGIS, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis performed in SPSS. Human capital and high incomes were chosen as dependent variables due to their relevance to sustainable development, especially in regards to urban economics becoming more knowledge-based. Spatial capital was operationalized into five variables of measuring geographical proximities; distance to central business district (CBD), distance to regional urban cores, distance to nearest amenity, distance to nearest railway, and distance to nearest bus stop. The human capital was operationalized as tertiary education and income was measured as taxable earned income. All results demonstrated statistically significant effects on the dependent variables. Proximity to central Stockholm was the strongest explanatory variable regarding the distribution of human capital and high incomes in Stockholm county. When excluding this variable, distance to railways was proven to have the strongest effect on the distributions. The conclusion was that the spatial capital theory explains that the distance to central Stockholm and distance railways are the strong predictors for how human capital and high incomes are distributed in the county. The robustness of analysis and the empirical findings’ meaning in the context of regional planning in Sweden wasthen presented and discussed.

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Case, Robert B. "The role of proximity in reducing auto travel| Using VMT to identify key locations for development, from downtown to the exurbs." Thesis, Old Dominion University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3569941.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to discover the VMT impact of each level of proximity in order to help government identify key locations for housing development, and thereby lower VMT and reduce dependence on foreign oil. By discovering the VMT impact of each level of proximity, this dissertation provides a) the first known means of calculating the proximity-based VMT benefit of subject locations by individual proximity level, and b) the new finding that it is likely that high VMT benefit can be achieved at moderate proximity levels acceptable to many households, enabling representative governments to be politically successful while promoting housing in locations that will lower the average VMT of the population.

After discussing the impetus for the work, this dissertation presents a theory of the determinants of VMT, searches the literature for appropriate techniques for empirical analysis of the proximity-VMT relationship, and presents results of the empirical research to be expected based on the presented theory and literature.

Empirical efforts are used to discover VMT impact by proximity level using three differing measures of proximity: density, distance-threshold-based total opportunities, and centrality. In the first effort, national data is used to discover VMT impact by proximity level, for both population and employment density. In order to determine the role played by alternative modes in the VMT-density curves of the first effort, the second effort uses national data to discover the impact of each level of density on usage of alternative modes. In the third and final effort, data from Hampton Roads, Virginia, are used to discover the VMT impact of each level of opportunity and centrality.

Governments can apply the discovered VMT impact of each level of proximity—via a described "VMT Benefit Technique"—to accurately determine the VMT benefit of a given location, and use the VMT benefits of a set of candidate areas to select key locations for development.

In addition, the discovered VMT impact of each level of proximity informs the key hypothesis of this dissertation that there exists a sweet spot on the VMT-proximity curve that has high VMT benefit and a proximity level acceptable to many households. Although the hypothesis tests indicate that it is not certain that the sweet spot exists, the mean coefficients of the models indicate that it is likely that the sweet spot exists, i.e. that there are high-VMT-benefit proximity levels acceptable to many households. The overall implication of this is that representative governments in the U.S. who promote housing development at these moderate levels of proximity will not only lower average VMT in the short term, but they will not be punished politically for doing so, and therefore may be successful in thereby lowering average VMT in the long term.

In summary, the dissertation provides encouragement to governments hoping to lower average VMT and an accurate method of calculating VMT for choosing SGAs with which to actually lower average VMT. It is hoped that this combination will help U.S. governments become independent of foreign oil.

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Stringer, Kimberly Ann. "Organizational Accessibility and Community Connections: Examining Changes in the Spatial Proximity of Pubic Housing Residents to Social Service Providers and Providers' Responses to Redevelopment." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/48.

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Public housing structures that are deemed “severely distressed” are being demolished and replaced with mixed-income developments. The current study examines the role that social service organizations play in the relocation of public housing residents. Service organizations tend to locate in areas anchored by public housing complexes where the need for their services is immense. Organizations that lose clients due to relocations run the risk of losing the funding they get for serving that population. GIS mapping and semi-structured interviews were used to answer questions about how redevelopment affects the communication infrastructures of public housing residents. GIS mapping was used to determine how services are spatially distributed in relation to public housing developments in Atlanta. Representatives from a sample of those organizations located near current and former public housing locations were interviewed to examine if a strategic communication plan is in place to retain connections with clients during the relocation process.

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Stringer, Kimberly Ann. "Organization accessibility and community connections examining changes in the spatial proximity of public housing residents to social service providers and providers' responses to redevelopment /." unrestricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04132009-140347/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.
Title from file title page. Holley Wilkin, committee chair; Jeff Bennett, Jaye Atkinson, committee members. Description based on contents viewed July 22, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-97).

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Moreira, Junior Waldir Aranha. "Social-aware opportunistic routing." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12811.

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Doutoramento conjunto MAP-Tele, Engenharia Eletrotécnica Telecomunicaçõe
The increased capabilities (e.g., processing, storage) of portable devices along with the constant need of users to retrieve and send information have introduced a new form of communication. Users can seamlessly exchange data by means of opportunistic contacts among them and this is what characterizes the opportunistic networks (OppNets). OppNets allow users to communicate even when an end-to-end path may not exist between them. Since 2007, there has been a trend to improve the exchange of data by considering social similarity metrics. Social relationships, shared interests, and popularity are examples of such metrics that have been employed successfully: as users interact based on relationships and interests, this information can be used to decide on the best next forwarders of information. This Thesis work combines the features of today's devices found in the regular urban environment with the current social-awareness trend in the context of opportunistic routing. To achieve this goal, this work was divided into di erent tasks that map to a set of speci c objectives, leading to the following contributions: i) an up-to-date opportunistic routing taxonomy; ii) a universal evaluation framework that aids in devising and testing new routing proposals; iii) three social-aware utility functions that consider the dynamic user behavior and can be easily incorporated to other routing proposals; iv) two opportunistic routing proposals based on the users' daily routines and on the content traversing the network and interest of users in such content; and v) a structure analysis of the social-based network formed based on the approaches devised in this work.
A maior capacidade (e.g., processamento, armazenamento) dos dispositivos portáteis, juntamente com a necessidade constante dos utilizadores de poder obter e enviar informação, introduz uma nova forma de comunicação. Os utilizadores podem trocar dados de uma forma transparente através de contatos oportunistas entre eles, o que caracteriza as Redes Oportunistas. Este tipo de rede permite a comunicação entre utilizadores mesmo quando não existe um caminho m-a- m entre eles. Uma tendência observada nos últimos anos do encaminhamento oportunista refere-se a levar em conta métricas de similaridade social para melhorar a troca de informação. Os relacionamentos sociais, interesses em comum e popularidade são exemplos deste tipo de métrica que tem sido empregue com sucesso no âmbito do encaminhamento oportunista: como os utilizadores interagem com base nos seus relacionamentos e interesses, esta informação pode ser utilizada para decidir sobre quando encaminhar dados. Esta Tese combina as características dos dispositivos pessoais e que são facilmente encontrados no ambiente urbano com a tendência para uso de similaridade social no contexto de encaminhamento oportunista. Para alcancar este objetivo principal, este trabalho foi dividido em diferentes tarefas mapeadas em objetivos especí cos, o que resulta nas seguintes contribuições: i) uma taxonomia atualizada sobre encaminhamento oportunista; ii) um modelo de avaliação universal de encaminhamento oportunista que permite a implementação e teste de novas propostas; iii) três funções sociais que consideram o comportamento dinâmico dos utilizadores e podem ser facilmente utilizadas em outras propostas de encaminhamento; iv) duas propostas de encaminhamento oportunista baseadas nas rotinas diárias dos utilizadores e no conteúdo e interesse dos utilizadores neste conteúdo; e v) uma análise estrutural da rede social formada a partir das abordagens desenvolvidas neste trabalho.

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Dubois, Alexandre. "Managing Distance : Small Firm Networks at the Geographic Margins." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89068.

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Small businesses located in the most sparsely populated and peripheral parts of Europe are frequently believed to be marginalised with respect to the processes of economic globalisation. This thesis proposes to explore an alternative perspective for understanding how small businesses that are located at the geographical margins engage with the globalised economy. Distance is no longer a purely physical phenomenon. Meanwhile, networks are considered to be the primary means for small firms to mobilise external resources and stay competitive. Acknowledging these conceptual shifts, this thesis explores how peripheral small businesses develop network configurations with multiple actors across multiple geographical scales to engage in the global economy. This thesis consists of four papers and a cover essay. The four papers share the theme of the network interaction of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in peripheral regions and discuss this theme from various perspectives with different research questions. The papers use combinations of quantitative and qualitative analytical methods to empirically investigate the configuration of small firm networks in the case study of Upper Norrland in Sweden. The cover essay introduces the overarching conceptual framework that is grounded in ideas from the seminal work of Granovetter on the social embeddedness of economic interactions and the ‘strength of weak ties’, and this essay contributes to the debate in geography on multi-scalar proximity dynamics. The empirical findings of the papers describe the collaborative and transactional forms of firm relations in peripheral regions and discuss the role of key actors—such as international customers or regional intermediary organisations—in bridging the local and extra-local dimensions of small firm networks. The conceptual contribution of this thesis corroborates the understanding that small firm development requires a balance between regional and international networks. This thesis also contributes to the debate on development policies for peripheral regions by offering insights into the manner in which institutional support for the design and implementation of open, flexible network arrangements may provide a leverage effect for small firm development.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Submitted. Paper 4: Submitted.

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De, Miguel de Blas Marta. "Impact de la proximité identitaire « publics-musée d'art » sur la fréquentation des lieux culturels : le cas des musées d’art." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCG004/document.

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La valeur qu’attachent les individus à l’égard d’un objet culturel peut être expliquée, entre autres, par leur projet identitaire d’appartenance à un groupe. Cette thèse propose de nouvelles orientations stratégiques muséales permettant d’augmenter la fréquentation muséale, de changer le rapport du musée d’art aux publics et d’attirer ainsi d’autres individus.Cette recherche a permis la conceptualisation de la proximité identitaire « publics-musée d’art », la confirmation de ses dimensions et antécédents, et enfin, l’analyse de la relation entre la proximité identitaire « publics-musée d’art » et la fréquentation. Par ailleurs, le développement d’une échelle de mesure de la proximité identitaire « publics-musée d’art » a élargi le cadre théorique des phénomènes d’identification et de leurs conséquences. Finalement la thèse propose des leviers d’action pour faciliter l’accès à l’art. Les musées ont intérêt à développer globalement une stratégie de proximité identitaire « publics-musée d’art » fondée sur le partage de caractéristiques communes et sur des dimensions affectives orientées vers toutes les catégories de publics. Plus particulièrement, les publics habitués seraient sensibles à des stratégies de rapprochement fondées sur le lien social et sur le partage de caractéristiques identitaires avec l’offre muséale ; les visiteurs occasionnels se rapprochent d’un musée d’art en étant le plus souvent accompagnés, et ressentent des émotions positives dans ces lieux ; et enfin une stratégie orientée vers le non public devrait permettre la valorisation de l’individu par rapport aux autres personnes de leur entourage
The value that individuals attach to a cultural object can be explained, among other things, by their identity project of belonging to a group. This thesis proposes new strategic orientations for museums that increase museum attendance, change the relationship of the art museum with the public and attract other individuals.This research allowed the conceptualization of the proximity of the "public-art museum" identity, the confirmation of its dimensions and antecedents, and finally the analysis of the relationship between the "public-art museum" identity proximity and the art museum attendance. Moreover, the development of a "public-art museum" identity proximity scale, offers to broaden the theoretical framework of the identification phenomena and its consequences.Finally, the thesis proposes levers of action to facilitate access to art. It is in the interest of museums to develop a strategy of "public-art museum" identity proximity based on the sharing of common characteristics and affective dimensions oriented towards all categories of public. In particular, the regular audiences would be sensitive to strategies of rapprochement based on the social bond and the sharing of identity characteristics with the museum offer. The occasional visitors feel closer to an art museum when being most often accompanied, and feel positive emotions in these places. And finally, a non-public-oriented strategy should enable the individual to be highly considered by other people in their environment

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Nguyen, Stéphanie. "Les services collaboratifs : définition et étude de deux spécificités, l'interchangeabilité des pairs et le contournement de la plateforme." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/201124_NGUYEN_961re891sguj454cw388esqaz_TH.pdf.

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Avec l’émergence de l’économie dite du partage, on assiste à l’apparition de nouvelles formes de collaboration entre pairs. Ce travail doctoral vise à étudier ces pratiques innovantes d'échanges entre particuliers. Une analyse de la littérature nous permet de délimiter notre objet d’étude aux services collaboratifs, et de proposer une analyse systématique basée sur les méthodes bibliométriques. Nous étudions ensuite deux caractéristiques spécifiques: l'interchangeabilité (les participants alternant les rôles de fournisseur et utilisateur de services) et le bypass (le contournement de la plateforme). En mobilisant la théorie des niveaux de représentation et grâce à une étude empirique (N=222), nous confirmons l’influence positive de l’interchangeabilité sur la confiance envers les pairs, ainsi que sur l’intention future de participer à des échanges collaboratifs, par le biais d’une plus grande proximité sociale perçue. Avec une analyse qualitative (netnographie et entretiens semi-directifs), nous explorons les pratiques de bypass, et proposons une typologie et un modèle conceptuel. Les résultats de l’étude quantitative (N=311; N=242) confirment l’influence, respectivement positive et négative, de la dimension ludique et des risques perçus sur l’intention de bypass. Cette thèse contribue à la littérature sur l'économie collaborative, la recherche sur le marketing des services et le comportement du consommateur, en questionnant sur le rôle et la participation grandissants des consommateurs dans une économie de plus en plus digitalisée. D'un point de vue managérial, ce travail suggère une segmentation basée sur l'interchangeabilité et identifie la dimension ludique
This dissertation starts with an analysis of the fast-growing body of literature on the sharing economy and collaborative consumption. In that analysis, we leverage insights from both a conceptual review and a systematic analysis based on bibliometric methods. Focusing on the distinctiveness and innovativeness of collaborative services, we then investigate the consequences of their unique characteristics on peer (dis)engagement mechanisms. Drawing on the construal level theory, we first examine the role of interchangeability between users and providers. Our study (N=222) shows the influence of interchangeability on trust and, in turn, on intention to participate, through the full mediation of social proximity. Using a mixed-methods approach, we next explore users’ bypass practices, where peers skip the platform’s intermediation stage and finalize the exchange directly with each other. We first propose a typology of participants’ bypass behaviors. Based on our findings, we identify the factors influencing users’ bypass intention, we then present and test our empirical model. The results of a study based on accommodation-rental (N=311) and ride-sharing (N=242) participants show the positive and negative influences of perceived bypass playfulness and perceived bypass risks, respectively. However, the influence of bypass economic benefits is not significant, except for accommodation-rental users in non-exclusive relationships with platforms. This research contributes to both the services marketing and the consumer behavior literature, by questioning the expanding role of today’s digital users and consumers

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Crespo, Haro Esteve. "La radiodifusión en Sant Feliu de Llobregat: Adaptación de la comunicación de proximidad al contexto legal, económico, social y tecnológico (1948-2014)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/368223.

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Aquesta investigació sobre la radiodifusió a Sant Feliu de Llobregat reconstrueix la història de Radio Juventud de Sant Feliu que va emetre entre el 1948 i el 1967, i la de l’actual emissora municipal, Ràdio Sant Feliu, des que va sorgir, el 1981, i fins ara. Per tant, es pot considerar que estem parlant d’una ciutat amb tradició radiofònica. Amb el recorregut d’aquestes dues ràdios també es pretén completar la història contemporània de Sant Feliu mitjançant el paper social que la radiodifusió ha tingut a la ciutat i al seu entorn. Això permet, a més, aprofundir en les causes que expliquen el per què el seu desenvolupament i impuls només s’ha pogut donar per la iniciativa institucional, tant en la dictadura com posteriorment en la democràcia. Les dues van néixer per una necessitat social del moment: en el franquisme va ser la ràdio de l’entreteniment i la participació com a principal reclam; en democràcia ha estat un servei públic, que entén la participació com una forma de donar la veu a la gent facilitant el seu accés, però també perquè la informació i l’actualitat local són un dels eixos de la seva programació. No obstant això, el dèficit de mitjans de comunicació autòctons en l’àmbit local i comarcal, així com la proximitat geogràfica a una de les grans ciutats europees, Barcelona i, per tant, sota la seva influència i hegemonia, són dos factors a considerar per entendre la història de la radiodifusió local i la singularitat d’aquest cas. D’una banda, perquè la ràdio com a mitjà de comunicació, amb les dues emissores que hem dit, ha estat un instrument per reforçar la identitat de Sant Feliu, així com per a projectar la ciutat, però, per l’altra, també se li atorga el caràcter d’entitat o servei públic que s’integra en el teixit associatiu, i desenvolupa la funció de dinamitzador social, econòmic i cultural. Un paper que també s’ha d’entendre en un altre àmbit: com la capital del Baix Llobregat, una comarca que és molt important per població i economia, tot i que diferent a altres perquè té diversos municipis de gran pes i no un que sigui central. Aquesta tesi parteix de la hipòtesi que la dinàmica del municipi i les característiques del mitjà fan que el principal valor de la radiodifusió a Sant Feliu hagi estat i continuï sent, en l’actual context digital, la comunicació de proximitat. El desenvolupament d’una i l’altra emissora s’ha basat en la seva capacitat d’adaptació al context legal i econòmic de cada moment. Sens dubta, aquests dos han estat determinants per la seva continuïtat, així com per avaluar l’eficàcia de la funció per a la qual van ser creades. Però també cal plantejar aquesta eficàcia en termes d’interacció amb la societat amb la què comparteix imaginari. Aquesta adaptació i el seu resultat ens permeten entendre que la ràdio de Sant Feliu sigui el mitjà que més repercussió ha tingut a la ciutat, contribuint, en gran mesura, a la seva projecció. La seva història és també la de l’adaptació de la ràdio als diferents canvis tecnològiques. Per això, es complementa el relat històric amb el desafiament que suposa per a l’emissora i la ràdio de proximitat la revolució d’internet. Donem així continuïtat a la història, malgrat que lògicament aquí estem mancats de perspectiva. Ràdio Sant Feliu pot ser un exemple de còm la ràdio de proximitat, ja sigui per sí sola o com a multiplataforma, és un laboratori que permet assegurar el mitjà i a la vegada, ens assenyala alguns inconvenients del salt digital.
Esta investigación sobre la radiodifusión en Sant Feliu de Llobregat reconstruye la historia de Radio Juventud de Sant Feliu que emitió entre 1948 y 1967, y la de la actual emisora municipal, Ràdio Sant Feliu, desde que surgió, en 1981, y hasta ahora. Por lo tanto, se puede considerar que estamos hablando de una ciudad con tradición radiofónica. Con el recorrido de estas dos radios también se pretende completar la historia contemporánea de Sant Feliu a través del papel social que la radiodifusión ha tenido en la ciudad y su entorno. Esto permite, además, profundizar en las causas que explican el por qué su desarrollo e impulso sólo se ha podido dar por la iniciativa institucional, tanto en la dictadura como posteriormente en la democracia. Las dos nacieron por una necesidad social del momento: en el franquismo fue la radio del entretenimiento y la participación como principal reclamo; en democracia ha sido un servicio público, que entiende la participación como una forma de dar la voz a la gente facilitando su acceso, pero también porque la información y la actualidad local son uno de los ejes de su programación. No obstante, el déficit de medios de comunicación autóctonos en el ámbito local y comarcal, así como la proximidad geográfica a una de las grandes urbes europeas, Barcelona y, por lo tanto, bajo su influencia y hegemonía, son dos factores a considerar para entender la historia de la radiodifusión local y la singularidad de este caso. Por un lado, porque la radio como medio de comunicación, con las dos emisoras citadas, ha sido un instrumento para reforzar la identidad de Sant Feliu, así como para proyectar la ciudad, pero, por otro lado, también se le otorga el carácter de entidad o servicio público que se integra en el tejido asociativo, y desarrolla la función de dinamizador social, económico y cultural. Un papel que también hay que entender en otro ámbito: como la capital del Baix Llobregat, una comarca que es muy importante por población y economía, aunque distinta de otras porque tiene varios municipios de gran peso y no uno central. Esta tesis parte de la hipótesis de que la dinámica del municipio y las características del medio hacen que el principal valor de la radiodifusión en Sant Feliu haya sido y siga siendo, en el actual contexto digital, la comunicación de proximidad. El desarrollo de una y otra emisora ha dependido de su capacidad de adaptación al contexto legal y económico de cada momento. Sin duda, ambos han sido determinantes para su continuidad, así como para evaluar la eficacia de la función para la que fueron creadas. Pero también hay que plantearse esa eficacia en términos de interacción con la sociedad con la que comparte imaginario. Esa adaptación y su resultado nos permiten entender que la radio de Sant Feliu es el medio que más repercusión ha tenido en la ciudad, contribuyendo, en gran medida, a su proyección. Su historia es también la de la adaptación de la radio a los diferentes cambios tecnológicos. Por ello, se complementa el relato histórico con el desafío que supone para la emisora y la radio de proximidad la revolución de internet. Damos así continuidad a la historia, aunque lógicamente aquí carecemos de perspectiva. Ràdio Sant Feliu puede ser un ejemplo de cómo la radio de proximidad, ya sea por sí sola o como multiplataforma, es un laboratorio que permite afianzar el medio y a su vez, apunta algunos inconvenientes del salto digital.
This research on broadcasting in Sant Feliu de Llobregat reconstructs the history of Radio Juventud de Sant Feliu that issued between 1948 and 1967, and the current local radio station, Radio Sant Feliu, since it emerged in 1981 and until now. Therefore, we can consider that we are talking about a city with an extensive radio tradition. In the course of these two radio stations it is also planned to complete the contemporary history of Sant Feliu through the social role that broadcasting has had on the city and its surroundings. This also gives an insight into the causes that explain why its development and promotion has only been able through the institutional public initiative, both during dictatorship and democracy after. Both radios were born because of a social need at that time: during Franco’s dictatorship it was a radio for entertainment and participation as the main claim; during democracy it has been a public service that understands participation as a way to give voice to people and provide easier access; but also because local news and information are one of the pillars of its programming. However, the deficit of local communication media at local and regional level, as well as the geographical proximity to a major European city as Barcelona and, therefore, under its influence and hegemony, are two factors to be considered to understand the history of local broadcasting and the uniqueness of this case. On one side, because the radio as a media, with the two mentioned stations, has been instrumental in strengthening the identity of Sant Feliu and to show the city outward; but on the other hand, it is also identified as an entity or public service integrated into the associative network that develops an active social, economic and cultural mobilizing role. A role which also must be understood in the context of being the capital of the Baix Llobregat, a very important region in terms of population and economy, although distinct from others as it’s made up of several relevant cities and not just one central. This thesis starts from the assumption that the dynamics of the municipality and the media characteristics lead to the fact that the main value of broadcasting in Sant Feliu has been and continues to be, in the current digital environment, a proximity communication. The development of both radio stations has been based on its ability to adapt to the legal and economic context of the moment. Certainly, both have been crucial to its continuity and to evaluate the effectiveness of the function for which they were created. But efficacy must also arise in terms of interaction with society with which it shares a wide range of experiences. This adaptation and its results allow us to understand that Radio Sant Feliu is the media outlet that has had more impact in the city, contributing largely to its projection outward. Its history is also about the radio adaptation to the different technological changes. Therefore, the historical narrative is complemented by the challenge that internet means to the radio station and to the proximity concept. We give continuity to the story, but obviously here we lack perspective. Radio Sant Feliu can be an example of how proximity radio, either alone or as a multiplatform, is a laboratory that can strengthen the media and at the same time suggests some drawbacks to jump into the digital era.

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Magsi, Habibullah. "Les conflits d’usages dans les pays en voie de développement : stratégies de résolution et de prévention pour assurer la croissance économique et le bien-être humain. Le cas du barrage de Chotiari au Pakistan." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGPT0027/document.

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Ce travail est consacré à l'analyse des outils et méthodes de prévention et de pilotage des conflits d'usage dans les pays en voie de développement, et plus particulièrement à l'étude des conflits liés à l'installation de nouvelles infrastructures, qui ont provoqué l'expropriation d'habitations et d'exploitations agricoles ainsi que la disparition de nombreuses ressources productives dans les espaces ruraux. L'étude se fonde sur le cas du barrage de Chotiari, au Pakistan, avec une analyse de l'impact du projet sur les ressources naturelles et socio-économiques de la région, ainsi que des racines de ce conflit. Une attention particulière est accordée au réseau d'acteurs utilisateurs de l'espace, ainsi qu'à la violation des droits de propriété, qui a provoqué des asymétries de pouvoir et conduit à la montée des conflits d'usage de l'espace. Notre recherche montre que les conflits résultant du lancement de ce projet résultent de causes structurelles (tels que des décisions unilatérales, l'absence d'études et d'expertises scientifiques et techniques, la corruption, l'importance d'intérêt internationaux et l'absence de politique nationale d'intégration) comme de facteurs plus locaux (comme le népotisme, la diversité ethnique et l'illettrisme). Par ailleurs, les déplacements forcés de populations locales ont conduit à une multiplication des oppositions et des confrontations. Pour finir nous tirons de ces résultats un certain nombre de recommandations en termes de prévention et de pilotage des conflits, fondées sur la mobilisation des relations de proximité
This research discusses the tools of land use conflict analysis and methods for their prevention and management, on the basis of existing conflicts created by infrastructural projects in developing countries. Such conflicts have entailed expropriation of homes, farm businesses and other productive resources in rural settings. Specifically, we use data from the case of Chotiari water reservoir project in Pakistan, where we put stress on project impacts on socio-economic and natural resource values in the region, by highlighting root causes of the conflicts with response to land use decision. We also paid attention on the network of actors over land use and property right violation, which have created dissimilar power distribution and significant land use conflicts. Through this research we show that conflicts created by the project have resulted from structural factors (unilateral decision, lack of technical and scientific investigation, corruption, international interest, and non-existence of national resettlement policy) and proximate factors (nepotism, ethnic diversity/disarray, and illiteracy). Moreover, forceful displacement of local population has led for multiplication of the confrontations. From these results, we provide helpful insights and information for the recommendations in terms of land use conflict prevention and management, mainly based on proximity relations analysis

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Delille, Pascale. "Communication et Economie sociale et solidaire : Identification des problèmes et des solutions." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20026.

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Ce travail de recherche, en sciences de l'information et de la communication, s'intéresse à un secteur peu étudié par les SIC : l’économie sociale et solidaire. Il vise, d'une part, à identifier les problèmes de communication des acteurs de l'ESS et, d'autre part, à explorer les solutions déployées pour répondre à ces problèmes. Pour mener cette analyse, nous avons d'abord, construit un cadre théorique spécifique articulant les travaux d’ E.Morin, J.Habermas, E.Ostrom et J-L. Laville. Puis nous avons successivement déployé trois méthodes : une observation participante dans un atelier international consacré à la communication de l'ESS, une série d'entretiens semi-directifs auprès de différents acteurs (initiatives solidaires, journalistes, responsables administratifs, etc.), puis une étude de cas élargie conduite auprès du Parlement Européen. Ce cadre théorique et ces différentes méthodes nous ont permis de mettre en évidence les problèmes communicationnels récurrents de l'ESS (terminologie difficile d’accès, hétérogénéité peu lisible, transversalité peu développée, etc.) et de voir comment différentes pratiques économiques innovantes (PTCE, entreprises récupérées, SCIC, etc.) permettaient de remédier, en partie, à ces problèmes. Au final, il ressort de notre travail que les pratiques de l’économie collaborative, qui s’enracinent historiquement dans l’ESS, semblent apporter une solution communicationnelle efficace aux problèmes identifiés et que l’ESS est en capacité d’assurer la durabilité, selon la grille de lecture d’Ostrom sur la gouvernance des biens communs, des formes d’organisations de cette nouvelle économie
The following research work on Information and Communication Sciences, focuses on a fieldunderstudied by this scientific discipline, the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). It aims to identifyon one hand the communication issues among the SSE stakeholders, and to explore their relatedsolutions on the other hand. This analysis has been first based on a theoretical framework articulatingthe work of Morin, Habermas, Ostrom, and Laville. Then, three methods have then been successivelyemployed: a participative observation during an international workshop treating of all aspects of SSEcommunication; a series of semi-directive interviews with various key actors (from the solidarityinitiatives, some journalists, administrative heads, etc.), and finally an enlarged case study conductedwithin the European Parliament. This methodology allowed us to determine the recurrentcommunication issues encountered within the SSE (difficult access to its terminology, unclearheterogeneity, low-developed transversality, etc.) as well as to assess how different innovativeeconomical practices (such as PTCE, recovered enterprises, SCIC, etc.) could potentially overcomethese challenges. In conclusion, it appears from this work that the practices linked to the collaborativeeconomy, which are historically rooted within SSE, can bring an effective solution on thecommunicative level. Furthermore, and according to the new Ostrom reading greed related to thecommon goods governance, the SSE seems to be able to ensure the sustainable development of this newform of economy

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Fabregat, Eduard (Fabregat Rodergas). "The Journalistic field of the neighbourhood journalists: the case of immigrants' representation in the neighbourhood press of Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397753.

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Mainstream press tends to give visibility to immigrants only when problems arise. Through this visibility based on problems a virtual social identity is constructed and given to the immigration population. This identity is built on stereotypes and is not necessarily correct. However, the neighbourhood press of Barcelona, inscribed within the Catalan regional press’ own idea of journalism, offers a different approach to this issue due to its history, proximity and commitment to the region, and hence, the different characteristics of these journalists’ field where different capitals are sought and taken into consideration and different habitus are found. Therefore this press constructs and gives a different virtual social identity by using a differentiated set of frames. Through studying this mechanism the process through which this particular sort of press, and specifically its journalists, approach the idea of journalism was unearthed and its journalistic field explained.
La premsa generalista tendeix a donar visibilitat als immigrants només quan sorgeixen problemes. A través d'aquesta visibilitat basada en problemes es construeix una identitat social virtual. Aquesta identitat es construida amb estereotips i no és necessàriament correcte. No obstant això, la premsa de barri de Barcelona, dintre de la tradició de la premsa regional Catalana, ofereix, a causa de la seva història, proximitat i compromís amb la regió, un enfocament diferent a aquest problema i, per tant, les característiques diferents del camp social d'aquests periodistes fan que es busquin i es tinguin en compte diferents habitus i diferents capitals. D’aquesta manera aquesta premsa construeix i dóna una identitat social virtual diferent mitjançant l'ús d'un conjunt diferenciat de marcs. A través de l'estudi d'aquest mecanisme el procés a través del qual aquest tipus particular de premsa, i en concret els seus periodistes, s'acosten a la idea del periodisme ha estat estudiat i el seu camp periodístic explicat.

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Monteiro, Lídia Maria Lima. "Parcerias entre estado e terceiro setor no RSI: um estudo de caso : a perspectiva dos Beneficiários." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4677.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Política Social
Este trabalho procurou analisar a pertinência da celebração de protocolos entre o Centro Distrital de Segurança Social de Setúbal (CDSSS) e a Rumo Cooperativa de Solidariedade Social, percebendo qual o impacto da transferência da responsabilidade para a Instituição Particular de Solidariedade Social, no acompanhamento social às famílias beneficiárias de Rendimento Social de Inserção. Para a concretização deste estudo recolheram-se dados, através de inquérito por entrevista semiestruturada, utilizando o critério de saturação da amostra e análise de processos. Foram entrevistados 42 beneficiários titulares num total de 65. Foi possível identificar vantagens na intervenção de proximidade desenvolvida pela equipa de protocolo, bem como alguns constrangimentos que funcionam como obstáculos para uma intervenção mais eficaz nesta área. Verificou-se também que este tipo de metodologia de intervenção baseada em parcerias e serviços de proximidade é determinante para a concretização do objectivo último da medida de Rendimento Social de Inserção, a autonomia dos beneficiários através da promoção da sua inserção social, profissional e comunitária.
This study reviews the relevance of protocols celebrated between Centro Distrital da Segurança Social de Setubal (Setubal Social Security District Center) and Rumo Cooperativa de Solidariedade Social (Rumo Solidarity Non Profitable Cooperative), realizing the impact of responsibility transfer to the Private Social Solidarity Institution, in monitoring social households beneficiaries of Rendimento Social de Inserção (Social Integration Income). To implement this study were collected data through semi structured interview surveys using the sample saturation technique and processes analysis. Were interviewed 42 beneficiaries in a total of 65. It was possible to identify benefits in proximity intervention developed by protocol team, as well as some handicaps that act like obstacles to a more effective intervention in this area. It was also found that the methodology based on partnerships and proximity services is crucial to the achievement of Rendimento Social de Inserção (Social Integration Income) ultimate goal, the autonomy of the beneficiaries by promoting their social, professional and community inclusion.

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Rouvellat, Célia. "Territoires : réalités et représentations en France." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB189/document.

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L'inflation sémantique qui existe aujourd'hui en France autour de la notion de territoire n'aura pas échappé au plus fin des observateurs. Érigé par le politique en une notion incontournable dont il ne semble plus pouvoir se passer, objet de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques, notion au cœur de multiples controverses : annoncé mort, sur le retour, épuisé, dépassé, l'actualité du territoire est telle qu'on en perdrait presque le sens. Pourtant la question du sens, bien souvent évacuée par ceux qui y ont intérêt, est absolument centrale car à force d'être (trop) utilisée la notion questionne : qui parle du territoire et pourquoi ? Quelles réalités désigne-t-on lorsque l'on parle du territoire en France aujourd'hui ? Faut-il se séparer d'une notion qui semble désigner à peu près tout et son contraire ? L'objet de la présente recherche ne consiste pas en une mise à mort du territoire, ni en son exaltation, mais choisit la voie de la reconceptualisation de la notion, voie qui semble être la plus raisonnable à suivre dans une France qui ne peut, et n'a de toute façon pas intérêt, à se passer du territoire. Afin de reconceptualiser la notion, ce travail se penche sur les principales dimensions à partir desquelles territoire est communément défini, à savoir une dimension politique, le territoire est un espace approprié par le pouvoir politique, qui le gère, le découpe et l'organise ; une dimension sociale, le territoire a été érigé par le politique comme lieu de la solidarité, de l'égalité ; une dimension identitaire, l'espace devient territoire à mesure qu'il est approprié par des individus et des groupes qui s'y sentent appartenir. Afin de continuer à faire sens, ces trois grandes acceptions du territoire doivent êtres reconsidérées au prisme des mutations qui ont transformé notre société depuis le milieu des années soixante-dix et qui sont pour une large part de l'ordre du registre réticulaire : mobilité, fonctionnement selon le modèle du réseau, réticularité, interdépendances. Si ces mutations ont souvent été perçues comme contraires au territoire, car aux antipodes de la manière dont la notion avait été jusque-là construite et pensée en France, cette recherche souhaite prendre le contre-pied de cette idée, en démontrant qu'il s'avère nécessaire de repartir de ces diverses mutations, afin de redéfinir la notion de territoire aujourd'hui au regard de cette réticularité. Car si territoire est apparu à un moment donné pour traduire une certaine réalité, ce n'est parce que cette réalité a changé, que la notion doit être considérée comme obsolète. On peut travailler à sa reconceptualisation et c'est tout le sens de cette recherche
The semantic inflammation regarding the notion of territory that exists nowadays in France will not escape from the most careful observers. Politics set this notion up as an inescapable concept that cannot be overlooked. The question of territory is the subject of many scientific disciplines, debates as well as controversies. The actuality of this notion, announced dead, on the return, exhausted or out-dated, is such complex, that one can almost lose its meaning. Yet the question of meaning, which is often dismissed by those who are interested in the territory phenomenon, is absolutely central. Consequently, the notion of territory being (over) used in common debates raises many questions such as who speaks of territory and why? What realities do we mean when we talk about territory in France today? Is it necessary to get rid of concepts applied on many fronts and designating all or nothing? This research purpose is not to delete or to exalt the notion of territory. The aim is to find a way of reconceptualization of this notion. This approach seems to be the most reasonable to follow in France that currently does not have any interest in doing without the concept of territory. This research focus is on the main dimensions from which territory is commonly defined, namely a political dimension that defines a space appropriated by the political power managing, organising or cutting the territory out, a social dimension removed as a place of solidarity or equality by politics, and the dimension of identity regarding a space becoming territory as individuals and groups belonging to this territory appropriate it. Those three major concepts of territory have to be rethought in the context of changes such as mobility, networking or functioning according to the network model and interdependency, that our society is facing since the mid-1970s. As those transformations have often been perceived in France as contrary to the territory notion, this research aim is to study the territory from the opposite point of view. So it is necessary to start from these various mutations' analyses in order to rethink the current notion of territory. The concept of territory has appeared at any one time to translate certain reality, however this notion shouldn't be considered as obsolete once this reality has changed. Its reconceptualization can be done and this is the main purpose of this research

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Salinas, Rojas Andrea. "Dynamiques territoriales dans la gestion des ressources forestières des espaces protégés du Mexique : le cas du Nevado de Toluca." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3051.

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Cette recherche porte sur le Nevado de Toluca (Mexique), espace protégé où l’objectif de conservation des ressources forestières, tout en étant difficilement atteint, met en question les conditions d’existence des populations rurales. On étudie les dynamiques territoriales qui découlent de ces tensions. La question porte donc essentiellement sur la confrontation entre la conservation forestière telle qu’elle est portée par les autorités publiques d’une part, et d’autre part, les besoins vitaux des populations agricoles affectées par les politiques suivies. L’hypothèse principale est que les politiques de conservation forestière n’atteignent pas les objectifs de gestion fixés parce qu’il n’y a pas une vision globale dépassant les approches sectorielles des institutions en présence, et surtout parce que l’avis des paysans n’est pas assez pris en compte faute d’une connaissance approfondie des sociétés rurales. Pour rétablir cette connaissance, la méthode de recherche a consisté principalement, outre la documentation mobilisée, en de nombreux entretiens avec les habitants de plusieurs localités du Nevado, avec différents acteurs institutionnels et avec des experts forestiers qui participent à la conservation de cet espace protégé. À l’aide du logiciel TXM, ces entretiens ont fait l’objet d’une analyse quali-quantitative de type « textométrique ». Parmi les principaux résultats obtenus, on retiendra notamment le fait que les populations locales ont des représentations sociales très contrastées de leur milieu tout en ayant une pleine conscience des enjeux écologiques. Elles ressentent les restrictions d’usage, en particulier du bois de feu, comme une injustice sociale. Cependant, des configurations socio-spatiales et des dynamiques territoriales originales existent, et dépendent du contexte géographique, en particulier des phénomènes de proximité spatiale et sociale. La cohésion sociale des groupes importe et sera d’autant plus forte que ses membres partagent les mêmes valeurs culturelles, y compris religieuses. On constate également que l’éloignement de la ville produit paradoxalement des dynamiques endogènes d’organisation qui peuvent aussi constituer une base pour une politique de protection intégrée en dépit des contraintes de vie au quotidien. Au total, cette thèse propose une réflexion sur l’arbitrage à faire entre la conservation forestière et les impacts socio-économiques que cela provoque sur les populations rurales les plus démunies et esquisse des pistes de conciliation. Elle invite à penser la justice environnementale comme le fruit de l’innovation sociale
This research concerns the Nevado de Toluca (Mexico), a protected area where the goal of forest conservation, while being hardly reached, calls into questions the livelihoods of rural populations. Territorial dynamics which ensue from these tensions are examined. The question concerns essentially the confrontation between the forest preservation such as it is carried by the public authorities on one hand, and on the other hand, the vital needs for the agricultural populations affected by the followed policies. The main hypothesis is that policies of forest preservation do not reach the expected results because there is no global vision exceeding the sectorial approaches of institutions in presence, and especially because the opinion of the farmers is not enough taken into account, due to lack of a thorough knowledge of the rural societies. To restore this knowledge, the research method consisted mainly, besides the mobilized documentation, of numerous interviews with the inhabitants of several localities of Nevado, with the various institutional actors and with the forest experts who participate in the preservation of this protected space. Using the TXM software, these interviews were analysed employing a quali-quantitative analysis on the “textometric” type. Among the main obtained results, we shall hold in particular the fact that the local populations have very contrasted social representations of their environment while having a full consciousness of the ecological challenges. They feel the limitations of use, in particular some wood of fire, as a social injustice. However, socio-spatial configurations and original territorial dynamics exist, and depend on the geographical context, in particular the phenomena of spatial and social proximity. The social cohesion of the groups is important and will be all the stronger as his members share the same cultural values, including religious ones. We also notice that the distance of the city produces paradoxically endogenous dynamics of organization which may also be a basis for an integrated protection policy in spite of the constraints of everyday life. All in all, this thesis suggests a reflection around arbitration between the forest preservation and the socioeconomic impacts on the rural poorest population groups. She invites to think of the justice environmental as of the fruit of the social innovation

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Skira, Aaron Michael. "Consequences of Postsecondary Education Institution Policies and Practices: A Structural Model of Tuition Costs, Student Financial Aid, Selectivity, Proximity, and Enrolled Undergraduate Students’ Aggregate Capital." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1545390925706985.

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Delille, Pascale. "Communication et Economie sociale et solidaire : Identification des problèmes et des solutions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20026.

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Ce travail de recherche, en sciences de l'information et de la communication, s'intéresse à un secteur peu étudié par les SIC : l’économie sociale et solidaire. Il vise, d'une part, à identifier les problèmes de communication des acteurs de l'ESS et, d'autre part, à explorer les solutions déployées pour répondre à ces problèmes. Pour mener cette analyse, nous avons d'abord, construit un cadre théorique spécifique articulant les travaux d’ E.Morin, J.Habermas, E.Ostrom et J-L. Laville. Puis nous avons successivement déployé trois méthodes : une observation participante dans un atelier international consacré à la communication de l'ESS, une série d'entretiens semi-directifs auprès de différents acteurs (initiatives solidaires, journalistes, responsables administratifs, etc.), puis une étude de cas élargie conduite auprès du Parlement Européen. Ce cadre théorique et ces différentes méthodes nous ont permis de mettre en évidence les problèmes communicationnels récurrents de l'ESS (terminologie difficile d’accès, hétérogénéité peu lisible, transversalité peu développée, etc.) et de voir comment différentes pratiques économiques innovantes (PTCE, entreprises récupérées, SCIC, etc.) permettaient de remédier, en partie, à ces problèmes. Au final, il ressort de notre travail que les pratiques de l’économie collaborative, qui s’enracinent historiquement dans l’ESS, semblent apporter une solution communicationnelle efficace aux problèmes identifiés et que l’ESS est en capacité d’assurer la durabilité, selon la grille de lecture d’Ostrom sur la gouvernance des biens communs, des formes d’organisations de cette nouvelle économie
The following research work on Information and Communication Sciences, focuses on a fieldunderstudied by this scientific discipline, the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). It aims to identifyon one hand the communication issues among the SSE stakeholders, and to explore their relatedsolutions on the other hand. This analysis has been first based on a theoretical framework articulatingthe work of Morin, Habermas, Ostrom, and Laville. Then, three methods have then been successivelyemployed: a participative observation during an international workshop treating of all aspects of SSEcommunication; a series of semi-directive interviews with various key actors (from the solidarityinitiatives, some journalists, administrative heads, etc.), and finally an enlarged case study conductedwithin the European Parliament. This methodology allowed us to determine the recurrentcommunication issues encountered within the SSE (difficult access to its terminology, unclearheterogeneity, low-developed transversality, etc.) as well as to assess how different innovativeeconomical practices (such as PTCE, recovered enterprises, SCIC, etc.) could potentially overcomethese challenges. In conclusion, it appears from this work that the practices linked to the collaborativeeconomy, which are historically rooted within SSE, can bring an effective solution on thecommunicative level. Furthermore, and according to the new Ostrom reading greed related to thecommon goods governance, the SSE seems to be able to ensure the sustainable development of this newform of economy

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Agne, Chaiane Leal. "Agroindústrias rurais familiares e a rede de relações sociais nos mercados de proximidade na região do Corede Jacuí Centro/RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/22721.

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A diversificação das atividades produtivas e sociais é uma realidade da agricultura familiar brasileira. O processamento da produção agropecuária e a inserção do produto agroindustrial nos mercados são formas desta diversificação. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo descrever as relações que formam a rede social dos mercados de proximidade, ou seja, demonstrar as relações que as ARFs mantêm com outros agentes para realizar as ações de troca e comercialização de produtos agroindustriais. A região estudada compreende os municípios que compõe o Corede Jacuí Centro: Cachoeira do Sul, Cerro Branco, Novo Cabrais, Paraíso do Sul, Restinga Seca, São Sepé e Vila Nova do Sul. O estudo caracterizouse como exploratório-descritivo, com a coleta de informações secundárias e primárias. As informações do IBGE sobre as indústrias rurais serviram de suporte para definir o número de entrevistas que seriam efetuadas em cada município. Foram realizadas 41 entrevistas, com o auxílio de um formulário semiestruturado e diários de campo. Utilizou-se de metodologia qualitativa (análise de conteúdo) e quantitativa (medidas de dispersão: média aritmética simples e desvio padrão; medidas de localização: máximo e mínimo) para a análise dos dados. A formação social da rede dos mercados de proximidade envolve interações dos produtores com atores de instituições e da comunidade, com intermediários, pontes de inserção, consumidores e demais agentes da sociedade civil. Destaca-se a venda direta para consumidores urbanos, representando uma média de 51% da produção vendida, cujas formas de comercialização são: de porta em porta, por encomenda, em feiras, em eventos e na propriedade. Nas relações de comercialização e trocas com parentes e vizinhos, as famílias comercializam uma média de 14% e 1%, respectivamente. Estas interações são evidenciadas pela troca de produtos, matéria-prima e serviços na atividade agroindustrial. Quanto às relações comerciais com as pontes de inserção e intermediários, correspondem a 19% e 15% da produção vendida, respectivamente. Para os agricultores, as características de diferenciação dos seus produtos são: o natural, o jeito de fazer, o sabor, o trabalho do agricultor para produzir, o preço, a certificação SIM e a produção ecológica. Dentre as inovações destacamse: a embalagem, a consistência, o tempero, os sabores, a produção light, o tamanho, a concentração do produto e a modificação da receita.
The diversification of the social and productive activities is what usually happens in the Brazilian household agriculture. The agricultural production processing and the agro industrial product insertion in the markets are manners of this diversification. This paper had as main objective to describe the relations that constitute the social networking of the proximity markets to the change and merchandising of the agroindustrial products. The region studied comprehends the cities that belong to Corede Jacuí Centro: Cachoeira do Sul, Cerro Branco, Novo Cabrais, Paraíso do Sul, Restinga Seca, São Sepé and Vila Nova do Sul. This study was characterized as an exploratory-descriptive analysis, with the gathering of secondary and primary information. The data about agrobusiness provided by IBGE gave a support to define the number of interviews that would be done in each city. 41 interviews have been accomplished, with the assistance of a semi-structured form and field diaries. Qualitative methodology has been used (content analysis) and quantitative (disperse measurements: simple arithmetic average and standard deviation; localization measurements: maximum and minimum) for the data analysis. The social formation of the proximate market networking involves interactions of the producers with actors of institutions and the community, with middlemen, insertion bridges, consumers and other agents of the civil society. The direct sale to the urban consumer has been highlighted, representing an average of 51% of the sold production, whose merchandising forms are: door to door, by order, at fairs, at events and at the property. In the relationships of marketing and exchanges with relatives and neighbors, the families commercialized an average of 14% and 1% respectively. These interactions are spotlighted by the exchange of products, raw material, and services at the agroindustrial activity. Concerned with the commercial relationship with the insertion bridges and middlemen, it corresponds to 19% and 15% of the commercialized production, respectively. According to the peasants, the characteristics that differ their products are: the natural, the way to make, the flavor, the farmer’s work to produce, the price, the SIM certification and the ecological production. Among the innovations some are pointed out: the package, the consistency, the seasoning, the flavors, the light production, the size, the product concentration and the recipe modification.

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Ribeiro, Ana Cláudia Dias. "O ajudante de acção directa na medida de rendimento social de inserção: um estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3317.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Política Social
A prevenção de situações de pobreza e exclusão bem como a promoção da autonomia e integração pessoal, social e comunitária constituem o objectivo primordial da Medida de Política Social de Rendimento Social de Inserção. Este trabalho avalia o papel do Ajudante de Acção Directa na execução da Medida acima referida nos protocolos de acompanhamento de indivíduos e famílias estabelecidos entre o Instituto da Segurança Social e Instituições do Distrito de Setúbal, ao nível do seu desempenho profissional, enquanto interventor social integrado em equipas multidisciplinares, na relação com o Gestor de Caso e na relação com o sistema cliente. Para a sua concretização, recolhemos dados por via da observação e da aplicação de inquéritos por questionário aplicados a 73 Ajudantes de Acção Directa e 43 Gestores de Caso, e por entrevista realizada a 34 Ajudantes de Acção Directa. Foi possível identificar o grau de adequabilidade entre o descritivo funcional e a prática verificada, bem como elencar as potencialidades, constrangimentos e formas de superação dos mesmos referentes ao Ajudante de Acção Directa na execução da Medida RSI. Percebemos que este interventor social representa uma figura de proximidade determinante na prossecução dos objectivos e metodologias de intervenção definidas para esta Medida
The prevention of poverty situations, exclusion as well as the promotion of autonomy and social integration are the main objective of the measure of a social politic called Social Insertion Income. This Thesis evaluates the roll of the Direct Action Assistant on the execution of the referred politic, in the pursuit to achieve the objectives of helping individuals and their families that depend of the Social Insertion Income. These agreements established between the Social Security and several private institutions from the Setúbal District, on an experience that pretends to help the individuals to integrate social and professionally, are the main reasons for the creation of this new social actor called the Direct Action Assistant. To fulfill the objectives of this Thesis we collected data from direct observation and from written inquires made to 73 Direct Action Assistants and 43 Case Managers as well as interviews with 34 Direct Action Assistants. It was possible to identify the degree of adequation between the function description and the way that it’s being implemented this new function. We also detected potential setbacks and ways to deal with them as to this new function is being applied in everyday basis. We can conclude that this new professional represents a proximity figure with the individuals that benefit from the Social Insertion Income.

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Shreve, Kristyn R. "The Influence of Food Distribution and Relatedness on the Social Behaviours and Proximities of Free-Roaming Cats (Felis silvestris catus)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1414773468.

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Lashgari, Maryam. "Digital Marketing Strategy:B2B and Stakeholders Communication." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220144.

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Since digital media entered the business domain, many different tools and platforms have transformed the nature of business communications. This transformation has not been easy, since the journey has been accompanied by challenges from the marketers’ side against the adoption of the new platforms into the firm’s communication channels. Business to business marketers have also been engaged in such challenges by maintaining a slow adoption, which has motivated the researchers to study the adoption of different means and tools of digital communication in a business context. Through this research, I contribute by exploring the adoption strategies of digital platforms in the B2B supply chain including B2B firms, retailers and end users. By digital media, I mainly refer to social media and beacon technology. First, I begin this thesis by identifying the adoption and integration strategies of social media and digital marketing into traditional marketing channels in a B2B context. In this part, I identify the B2B firms’ target audience and propose a model facilitating a B2B firm’s practical social media adoption strategies. Second, to explore the benefits of different social media content sharing approaches derived from information accessibility resulted in the prior study of this thesis, I introduce and examine Public and Gated-Content sharing approaches. Thereafter, assisted by Social Power Theory and Resource Dependence Theory, I examine the effect of Public and Gated-Content sharing approaches on the target audience’s willingness to interact with the firm. The findings of this study reveal that Gated-Content approach can help the firms build closer relationship with the target audience and engage them in a co-creation process. Third, by studying proximity marketing through the adoption of beacon technology in the retail context, I explore the current methods of usage, as well as the benefits and challenges of in-store proximity marketing adoption for content sharing purposes. I complete the thesis by presenting the different challenges of such adoption, which consist technical, human behavior, managerial perception, resource and privacy factors. Finally, I identify the need to integrate the physical aspect of place and location back again into the online digital communication channels within a retail context.

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Reed, Nicola Louise. "Quantifying contact rates and space use in the Eurasian badger (Meles meles) : implications for the transmission of bovine tuberculosis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3371.

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This thesis examines the space use, movement and contact rate patterns of a high- density, group-living, Eurasian badger (Meles meles) population in the UK naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis (bTB). Recently developed proximity logging devices were deployed on a representative sample of 51 badgers from eight different social groups to track their movements using radio-telemetry and to quantify their within- and between-group contact rates. Whilst interactions within social groups accounted for more than 90% of contacts, the entire study population was ultimately connected through interactions among individuals from neighbouring groups. Both within and between-group contacts, and also the use of denning sites, were heavily influenced by seasonal and demographic factors, which appear to be motivated to a large extent by reproductive behaviours. Nevertheless, by using social network analysis I found that badgers that tested positive for bTB were found to interact with fewer of their group members and for a shorter amount of time. Specifically these test-positive individuals were found to associate with test-negative group members significantly less than would be expected by chance. Those animals testing positive for bTB were also found to use outlying setts significantly more frequently than those that tested negative. The within and between-group contact rates of individuals were found to correlate with their sett use patterns. Those animals that spent less time interacting with group members and those that spent more time interacting with members of foreign social groups, were found to spend a greater proportion of their time at outlier setts. The findings in this thesis suggest a link between wider roaming behaviour and the disease status of an individual. This adds support to the argument that the social disruption of badger populations, for example through culling, may promote rather than alleviate the spread of bTB as a result of increased movement and contacts between groups. State-of-the-art technology has enabled me to demonstrate the strong influence that badger social organisation may have on the transmission of an economically significant infectious disease. My findings suggest that disease control measures might be enhanced by taking into account seasonal and individual-level variation in ranging behaviour and use of outlier setts, for example, by identifying and targeting functional groups of individuals, specific areas, or times of the year that contribute disproportionately to disease spread.

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Cruz-Carreon, Gilbert. "The internationalization process of entrepreneurial SMEs in high technology niche market segments." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16543/1/Gilbert_Cruz-Carreon_Thesis.pdf.

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This study seeks to make a theoretical contribution to the rapidly growing field of International Entrepreneurship by investigating the process of internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Bell, McNaughton, Young & Crick, (2003) emphasized the need for researchers to re-conceptualize their thinking on the internationalization process of smaller firms. While there has been substantial research done on the small business internationalization and how the participation of these firms in the global economy has fuelled economic growth in a number of countries (Audretsch & Thurik, 2003; Acs, Randall Morck, Shraver & Yeung, 1997; Storey, 1994; Alam & Pacher, 2003), there is tangible evidence that SMEs in Australia are not keeping up with global trends. Studies conducted on Australian firms allude to the following reasons for their constrained presence in international markets: (i) geographic and psychic distance; (ii) costs disadvantage; (iii) overdependence on inward FDI from large foreign multinationals; (iv) a history of inward-looking and narrowly focussed economic development policies of the Australian government. These factors had the combined effect of imbalanced economic growth which was particularly detrimental to the small business sector (Australian Trade Commission, 2002; Maitland & Nicholas, 2002; Alam & Pacher, 2003). Despite the identified obstacles, some Australian SMEs have succeeded in penetrating international markets. This study involved a preliminary qualitative investigation of selected Australian SMEs and their unique internationalization process. Evidence from the case study based investigation will indicate that the respondent firms have leveraged on entrepreneurial qualities to overcome the obstacles and enhance their success in international markets. As such, the internationalization process for these selected firms is seen as an extension of and integral to their entrepreneurial behaviour. Using the lenses provided by relevant facets of the entrepreneurship, internationalization and strategy scholarly fields, this exploratory qualitative study, while building the foundation for further empirical research into the internationalization process of SMEs, can serve as a guide to researchers for ascertaining future directions in this emergent field. The findings from the study are intended to contribute to a body of knowledge encompassing the cross-border operations of SMEs. The research also has value from a practical perspective as Australian SMEs can draw from this body of knowledge as they pursue opportunities internationally.

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Cruz-Carreon, Gilbert. "The internationalization process of entrepreneurial SMEs in high technology niche market segments." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16543/.

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This study seeks to make a theoretical contribution to the rapidly growing field of International Entrepreneurship by investigating the process of internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Bell, McNaughton, Young & Crick, (2003) emphasized the need for researchers to re-conceptualize their thinking on the internationalization process of smaller firms. While there has been substantial research done on the small business internationalization and how the participation of these firms in the global economy has fuelled economic growth in a number of countries (Audretsch & Thurik, 2003; Acs, Randall Morck, Shraver & Yeung, 1997; Storey, 1994; Alam & Pacher, 2003), there is tangible evidence that SMEs in Australia are not keeping up with global trends. Studies conducted on Australian firms allude to the following reasons for their constrained presence in international markets: (i) geographic and psychic distance; (ii) costs disadvantage; (iii) overdependence on inward FDI from large foreign multinationals; (iv) a history of inward-looking and narrowly focussed economic development policies of the Australian government. These factors had the combined effect of imbalanced economic growth which was particularly detrimental to the small business sector (Australian Trade Commission, 2002; Maitland & Nicholas, 2002; Alam & Pacher, 2003). Despite the identified obstacles, some Australian SMEs have succeeded in penetrating international markets. This study involved a preliminary qualitative investigation of selected Australian SMEs and their unique internationalization process. Evidence from the case study based investigation will indicate that the respondent firms have leveraged on entrepreneurial qualities to overcome the obstacles and enhance their success in international markets. As such, the internationalization process for these selected firms is seen as an extension of and integral to their entrepreneurial behaviour. Using the lenses provided by relevant facets of the entrepreneurship, internationalization and strategy scholarly fields, this exploratory qualitative study, while building the foundation for further empirical research into the internationalization process of SMEs, can serve as a guide to researchers for ascertaining future directions in this emergent field. The findings from the study are intended to contribute to a body of knowledge encompassing the cross-border operations of SMEs. The research also has value from a practical perspective as Australian SMEs can draw from this body of knowledge as they pursue opportunities internationally.

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Kim, Tiffany Hyun-Jin. "All Trust Is Local: Empowering Users’ Authentication Decisions on the Internet." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/132.

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Cunha, João Miguel Neto. "O uso das ferramentas de comunicação digital na promoção de uma política de proximidade nas Forças de Segurança Portuguesas - Estudo comparativo entre PSP e GNR." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21501.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Comunicação Social, vertente de Comunicação Estratégica
A evolução da tecnologia lançou novos desafios à comunicação entre as pessoas, o que obrigou as organizações a responderem de igual forma. Os novos canais e espaços onde a comunicação se desenrola, como é o caso dos social media e de outras plataformas digitais, permitem às organizações, através das relações públicas, encetar novas interacções com os seus públicos. As relações entre ambos passam a ser interactivas e participativas e não unidireccionais, como acontece com as mensagens veiculadas nos media tradicionais. As Forças de Segurança, para atingirem os seus objectivos, necessitam de ter uma presença junto da comunidade para a qual recorrem ao policiamento de proximidade. Este, enquanto base de actuação das Forças de Segurança portuguesas, deve adaptar-se à evolução da forma de comunicar, usufruindo das plataformas digitais, que permitem um contacto permanente e eficaz com os seguidores. Partindo deste princípio, pretende-se compreender como podem as ferramentas de comunicação digital contribuir para a promoção de uma política de proximidade nas Forças de Segurança Portuguesas, nomeadamente da PSP e da GNR. Para isso, contou-se com a análise teórica sobre as relações públicas online integradas na estratégia de comunicação das organizações e as mais-valias dos social media para o policiamento de proximidade. Adicionalmente, realizaram-se entrevistas aos responsáveis pelos departamentos de comunicação de cada uma das instituições e foi ainda analisado o conteúdo das suas páginas de Instagram e Facebook, para identificar diferenças e semelhanças entre ambas na linha editorial de conteúdos, assim como as reacções dos seguidores. Desta análise, foi possível concluir sobre o contributo positivo da utilização destas ferramentas na proximidade com os cidadãos, nomeadamente no aumento do número de contactos proactivos com as Forças de Segurança. Estas ferramentas contribuem ainda para aumentar a exposição a conteúdos de prevenção e sensibilização, bem como para diminuir as limitações no contacto dos cidadãos.
The evolution of technology has launched new challenges to communication between people, which has forced organizations to respond in the same way. The new channels and spaces where communication takes place, such as social media and other digital platforms, allow organisations, through public relations, to initiate new interactions with their audiences. The relations between them become interactive and participative and not unidirectional, as happens with the messages conveyed in traditional media. In order to achieve their objectives, the Security Forces need to have a presence in the community for which they resort to proximity policing. This, as a base of action of the Portuguese Security Forces, must adapt to the evolution of the way of communicating, taking advantage of digital platforms, which allow a permanent and effective contact with the followers. Based on this principle, it is entended to understand how digital communication tools can contribute to the promotion of a proximity policy in the Portuguese Security Forces, namely PSP and GNR. To this end, we relied on the theoretical analysis of online public relations integrated into the communication strategy of organisations and the added value of social media for proximity policing. In addition, interviews were conducted with those responsible for the communication departments of each of the institutions and the content of their Instagram and Facebook pages was also analysed to identify differences and similarities between them in the editorial content line, as well as the reactions of the followers. From this analysis, it was possible to conclude on the positive contribution of the use of these tools in proximity with the citizens, namely in the increase of the number of proactive contacts with the Security Forces. These tools also contribute to increasing exposure to prevention and awareness-raising content, as well as to reducing the limitations on citizen contact.
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Leite, Melina da Silveira. "Jornalismo de proximidade configurado pelos sentidos das interações no facebook: um estudo dos processos no diário popular." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7047.

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Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-05-10T13:01:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Melina da Silveira Leite_.pdf: 2155817 bytes, checksum: 2306c73633e1be53a5bf3e035165612a (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-10T13:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melina da Silveira Leite_.pdf: 2155817 bytes, checksum: 2306c73633e1be53a5bf3e035165612a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-02
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O presente trabalho tem como proposta estudar como ocorrem os vínculos entre leitores e um jornal, o Diário Popular, localizado no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, na cidade de Pelotas e que abrange uma mesma região, a zona Sul do estado, através da página do veículo no Facebook. Investigamos de que forma esses leitores significam os acontecimentos locais, a partir de interação com o jornal. Para isso, levamos em conta os processos de jornalismo em redes digitais e estudamos questões pertinentes à proximidade e territorialidade, além de acontecimento, redes sociais digitais e interação. Utilizamos como principais metodologias a análise de construção de sentidos em redes digitais e entrevista. Pudemos identificar a partir do nosso recorte, que existem diferentes tipos de interação entre leitores e jornal, as quais categorizamos como afetação – argumento, afetação – passionalidade, prestimosidade e sociabilidade e que, o leitor, a partir de características de proximidade territoriais, identifica-se com os acontecimentos locais e regionais.
The present study aims to verify the links between readers and a newspaper. The newspaper studied was Diário Popular, which is located in the country side of Rio Grande do Sul, in the city of Pelotas. The newspaper cover, the southern part of the state, through the Facebook’s page. We investigated how these readers signify local events, from the interaction with the newspaper. For this, we considerated the processes of journalism in digital networks and we study issues related to proximity and territoriality, as well as events, digital social networks and interaction. The methodology used was the analysis of sense construction in digital networks and interview. From our clipping, we identified that there are different types of interaction between readers and newspapers, categorized as affectation - argument, affectation - passion, helpfulness and sociability. Which the readers, based on characteristics of territorial proximity, find themselves in local and regional events.

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Pokrovsky, Alexis. "L'entrepreneur institutionnel et la dimension spatiale du travail institutionnel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS040/document.

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La théorie néo institutionnelle nous renseigne sur les facteurs structurant les organisations et les marchés. Elle offre une grille de lecture adaptée pour tous ceux qui sont soucieux de comprendre et maîtriser les évolutions d’un champ organisationnel, en particulier s’ils sont acteurs de cette évolution. Cette grille de lecture est particulièrement riche d’enseignement pour les entrepreneurs qui cherchent à modifier durablement le domaine dans lequel ils interviennent. Un des axes peu étudié de l’action entrepreneuriale, concerne la dimension spatiale, c’est-à-dire la capacité à arranger la disposition des réalités sociales distinctes. La littérature sur les territoires nous renseigne sur le lien fort qui existe entre espace et institutions. Ce qui nous mène à la question de recherche principale : comment une action forte sur l’espace va modifier les institutions, et transformer l’entrepreneur en entrepreneur institutionnel ? Cette recherche se propose d’étudier plusieurs cas de parcours d’entrepreneurs suivant une stratégie spatiale et de vérifier si leur démarche s’inscrit dans le processus du travail institutionnel. Le premier intérêt de cette recherche sera de définir ce qu’est une « stratégie spatiale » en matière de gestion et, plus précisément, en matière entrepreneuriale, en détaillant son processus, les compétences clés et en fournissant des modèles génériques. Le second intérêt sera d’apporter un éclairage théorique nouveau sur l’entrepreneur institutionnel, « boson de Higgs » de la Théorie Néo Institutionnelle
The new institutional theory plays an important part to our understanding of the structural elements shaping organizations and markets. It brings an analytical framework for anyone interested in understanding and managing changes in an organizational field, and more specifically for those who want to be actor of that change. This framework is particularly helpful for entrepreneurs wishing to change their field of operation. Spatial activity, namely the capacity to organize social distinct realities, is a dimension of the entrepreneurial activity that has remained quite unexplored. The literature on territories gives us an indication of the strong relationship between space and institution. This brings us to the backbone question of this research: how can deliberate actions on space (or “doing with space” as written by Michel Lussault) change institutions and turn the entrepreneur into an institutional entrepreneur? This research will be based on several case studies about entrepreneurs who follow a spatial strategy, to test whether it fits the definition of institutional work. First, it will define what a “spatial strategy” is in management studies, and in particular for entrepreneurship, by detailing its process and the key competences and by proposing various generic models. Finally, it will shed a new light on the institutional entrepreneur, “Higgs boson” of the New Institutional Theory

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social Proximity'

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