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Journal articles on the topic 'Social realism'
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Susilawati, Elis, Ismah Rahayu, Akifah Humaira Salsabila, and Ahmad Bahtiar. "Realisme Sosial dalam Potret Seorang Komunis Karya Sabar Anantaguna." Stilistika: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 15, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/st.v15i1.8706.
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Social Realism in Potret Seorang Komunis by Sabar Anantaguna ABSTRAKPuisi Potret Seorang Komunis karya Sabar Anantaguna telah mendapatkan bentuk dan pengucapan yang tepat sehingga menjadi prestasi yang bagus dalam sastra realisme sosialis karena tidak terlepas dari latar belakang dan ideologi pengarang yang merupakan bagian dari Lekra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas prinsip realisme sosial yang menjadi pandangan para pengarang Lekra. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik interpretatif. Dalam pengolahan data dilakukan tahap pendeskripsian dan penganalisisan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra, teori realisme sosial dan teori struktural. Hasil dari penelitian Realisme Sosial dalam Potret Seorang Komunis Karya sabar Anantaguna terbukti bahwa prinsip realisme sosial yang menjadi pandangan para pengarang Lekra yaitu Lekra memiliki berbagai macam cara yang dilakukan dengan maksud mempertahankan kekuatan komunis, salah satunya melakukan berbagai teror kepada setiap golongan untuk bergabung dengan Lekra. Kata kunci: komunis, puisi, realisme sosial, lekra ABSTRACTThe poem portrait of a communist written by Sabar Anantaguna has obtained the right form and pronunciation. Therefore, it becomes a good achievement in social realism literature because it cannot be separated from the author background and ideology who is part of Lekra This study aims to discuss the social realism principles that becomes the views of the Lekra authors. The method used in this research is descriptif qualitative and note taking techniques. In processing data, the stages of description and data analysis are carried out. This study used sociology literature research, realism social teory and structural teory. The result of the research on social realism in the portrait of a communist by Sabar Anantaguna proves that realism social principle becomes the views of Lekra author, namely Lekra, had various ways that were carried out to maintain communist power, one of which carried out various terrors to every groups in order to join LekraKeyword: communist, poem, social realism, Lekra
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Street, Sarah. "The Colour of Social Realism." Journal of British Cinema and Television 15, no. 4 (October 2018): 469–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2018.0438.
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During the 1960s Eastmancolor, a relatively cheap, widely available film stock, revolutionised the British film industry's approach to colour. This article discusses the consequences of this major representational and aesthetic shift on social realism, a sub-genre of British cinema primarily associated with black and white cinematography. While colour provided an opportunity for greater realism, critics argued that it distracted audiences with hues considered inappropriate for social commentary. The article examines how a number of notable 1950s and 1960s British colour films navigated entrenched critical positions while deploying colour in distinctive, often innovative ways to reflect their social realist environments and themes. Films examined include A Kid for Two Farthings (1955), Miracle in Soho (1957), Sapphire (1959), Flame in the Streets (1961), Some People (1962), The Family Way (1966) and Poor Cow (1967). It is argued that critics' preoccupation with the New Wave cycle of films, 1959–63, has been at the expense of colour films that extended the range of representation, both aesthetically and thematically. Bringing colour more centrally into scholarship about British cinema contributes to revisionist research on social realism that privileges the foregrounding of style and textual aesthetics. In addition, the article shows how analysing films from the perspective of colour encourages relating them to broader chromatic tastes and trends. By the mid-1960s, as culture was generally becoming more chromatically vibrant, film-makers were able to take greater advantage of the colour stocks that enabled them to experiment with realist conventions.
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Skuse, Andrew. "Radio sound and social realism." International Communication Gazette 73, no. 7 (November 2011): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048511417157.
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This article explores the use of sound in the context of two BBC World Service development-focused social realist radio drama productions in Afghanistan ( New Home, New Life) and Nepal ( Sweet Tales of the Sarangi). It examines the various ‘sound strategies' employed to enhance the realist aspirations of the productions, while examining the ‘creative labour’ employed in crafting discrete ‘acoustic environments' or ‘soundscapes'. It argues that sound helps to index narrative, but in doing so suggests that too specific a rendering of sound environment may confound the abilities of listeners to construct a satisfying sense of place and therein affect any sense of social realism derived.
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Ananyeva, S. V., and A. K. Kalieva. "From Social Realism to Magic Realism." Contemporary Issues of Literary Studies - International Symposium Proceedings 16 (December 11, 2023): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.62119/cils.16.2023.7521.
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Entire layers of fiction in retrospective light might escape the attention of modern literary criticism. Russian speaking writers and poets living in Kazakhstan introduce elements of Kazakh culture into their work: these are details of Kazakh life, song culture, and the bright imagery inherent in Kazakh literature and its unique artistic flavor. Regional Russian literature, connected by roots with Slavic literature, contributed to the development and mutual enrichment of literary ties between Kazakhstan and Russia. Already by the beginning of the 1920s, two directions in the approach to the Kazakh theme emerged: a contemplative attitude towards the historical past of the Kazakh people, the desire to idealize antiquity in a traditionally romantic sense, and a progressive perception and coverage of everything connected with the life of the Kazakhs.
Russian-language literature in Kazakhstan has gone from socialist realism to magical realism. It is closely connected with the reality, history and traditions of the ethnic groups of Kazakhstan. Historical and revolutionary themes were developed in the spirit of the dominant ideology. The range of material covered included the period of collectivization before the development of virgin lands and the problems of the scientific and technological revolution. Magical realism gives literary texts a unique originality.
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Pawson, Ray. "Middle-range realism." European Journal of Sociology 41, no. 2 (November 2000): 283–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600007050.
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This paper proposes a liaison —‘middle-range realism’—between two long standing explanatory strategies in sociology— ‘middle-range theory’ and ‘realist social theory’. Each offers what the other lacks. Middle-range theory carries an acute sense of the function of theory within empirical inquiry but has left undeveloped any notion of its appropriate explanatory form. Realist social theory has propositional precision but has been unable, in the most part, to descend from a critical domain to the empirical plane. Middlerange realism thus offers a research strategy of the appropriate form and scope to lead and to federate empirical inquiry. Examples are provided of how middle-range realism can be applied to improve research using two different strategies (survey methods and evaluation research) in two contrasting substantive areas (voting behaviour and offender rehabilitation).
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Little, Daniel. "Social Ontology De-dramatized." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 51, no. 1 (May 12, 2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393120916145.
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The article responds to Richard Lauer’s (2019) “Is Social Ontology Prior to Social Scientific Methodology?” The article concurs that “social ontology matters” for the conduct of research and theory in social science. It argues, however, that neither of the interpretations of the status of social ontology offered by Lauer is satisfactory (either apriori philosophical realism or pragmatist anti-realism). The article argues for a naturalized, fallibilist, and realist interpretation of the claims of social ontology and presents the field of social ontology as the most abstract edge of social-science theorizing, subject to broad empirical constraints. The approach taken is anti-foundationalist in both epistemology and metaphysics. Ontological theorizing is part of the extended scientific enterprise of understanding the social world. Claims about the nature of the social world are not different in kind from more specific sociological claims about social class or individual rationality, to be justified ultimately by the coherence and explanatory success of the theories they help to create. At the same time, it is justified to treat the claims of social ontology as provisionally true, which supports a realist interpretation of the findings of social ontology.
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Frápolli, María José. "You and Me Baby Ain't Nothing but Mammals. Subject Naturalism and Default Positions." Análisis. Revista de investigación filosófica 1, no. 1 (November 28, 2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_arif/a.rif.20141970.
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Resumen Este artículo discute el problema de la localización, tal como Price lo ha definido. En el se distinguen diferentes versiones de naturalismo y se defiende el naturalismo del sujeto. Se asume que el sistema de conceptos humano se ha desarrollado en interacción con el medio natural y social. Por esta razón no podemos evitar ser realistas y representacionalistas por defecto. Las afirmaciones básicas del realismo, el representatcionalismo y la teoría de la verdad como correspondencia son difícilmente rechazables, y esto explica el aire de artificiosidad que acompaña a las posiciones anti-realistas. Sin embargo las posiciones por defecto no apoyan en absoluto a sus versiones filosóficamente desarrolladas. Estas son incompatibles con una visión naturalista sobre la realidad, el significado y la verdad. Palabras clave: Correspondentismo por defecto, naturalismo, naturalismo del sujeto, realismo por defecto, representacionalismo por defecto, teoría de la verdad como correspondencia, teoría prooracional de la verdad, verdad aristotélica Abstract This paper deals with Price’s placement problem. In it, different versions of naturalism are distinguished and subject naturalism is defended. It is assumed that human conceptual system has evolved as a result of humans relations with the natural and social surroundings. For this reason, we cannot but be realist and representationalist by default. The basis claims of realism, representationalism, and correspondence are hardly deniable, and this explains the artificiality scent that usually accompanies anti-realist positions. Nevertheless, the natural default positions do not lend any support to their philosophically implemented versions, metaphysical realism, semantic representationalism and full-blood correspondence. These approaches to reality, meaning and truth are incompatible with a sound naturalist stand on these issues. Keywords: Aristotelian truth, correspondence theory of truth, default realism, default representationalism, default correspondentism, naturalism, prosentential theory of truth, subject naturalism.
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Kendra, Milan. "LITERARY REALISM IN THE SHAPING OF SLOVAK CULTURE." Journal of Education Culture and Society 12, no. 2 (September 25, 2021): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.2.455.468.
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Aim. The aim of the study is to clarify the internal complexity of the Slovak literary realist discourse and its diverse relations to the heterogeneous artistic, cultural and ideological discourses of the last third of the 19th century. Attention is focused on the appropriation and adaptation of stimuli from other social systems, as well as on the specific literary operations that modify literary realism as an artistic discourse constructing an intelligible world in a cultural sense. Methods. As a theoretical concept, realism is defined as a type of representation or representation technique associated with a set of textual conventions, complex referential and self-referential figures. As a literary-historical discourse and event situated in a particular moment of history, realism is governed by period-specific principles (operating in the mechanism of culture) of selection, evaluating and connecting the phenomena of reality. Only with this dichotomy the multiplicity of paradoxes, syncretism and heterogeneous character of Slovak literary realism can be captured. The theory of social systems (N. Luhmann) allows for a more complex view of realist literature as an autopoietic system in the context of modern society as a system of communications differentiated into a network of separate social subsystems interrelated by the medium of language. Finally, the theory of fictional worlds proposes selective and formative operations that explicate the construction of realist fictional world and the stratification of its functions (B. Fořt). Results. Among the configurational relations of Slovak literary realism, the concept of ideal realism is highlighted as a model of literary aesthetics that flexibly interacted with the discourse of national revival to provide an adequate expression of contemporary Slovak cultural and national interests. Two literary-aesthetic modifications of ideal realism (creative and voluntarist, originated by Svetozár Hurban Vajanský, and deterministic, represented in the prose works of Martin Kukučín) are analysed in detail in order to show the inner complexity of the literary-realist discourse and to manifest its semantic multidimensionality in the 1880s.
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Cooper, Wesley, and Augustine Frimpong-Mansoh. "Moral Realism, Social Construction, and Realism, Social Construction, and Communal Ontology." South African Journal of Philosophy 19, no. 2 (January 2000): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajpem.v19i2.31311.
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Haruna-Banke, Laura, and Iorwuese Gogo. "A Realist Interpretation of Chika Unigwe's On Black Sisters' Street." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 3, no. 1 (November 15, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v3i1.124.
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This paper is a realist interpretation of Chika Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street. The text is considered for study here because it dwells on the popular, the modern and social issues that define realist works. The paper involves realism of subject-matter and social realism as its theoretical tools for the evaluation of the research subject. Realism of subject-matter deals with themes that are common to society while social realism looks at the poor social conditions of the middle and lower classes. The paper is a qualitative research and it is based on a content analysis of the select text for study. The paper probes the ugly life of four young girls in Nigeria who are trafficked into Antwerp, Belgium, to work as prostitutes and earn income for their traffickers. The girls suffer from sexual abuse and deceit from their parents and older men. They undergo hardship as a result of lack of proper parental care, unemployment, insecurity and poor social services which make them frustrated. All of these make their lives vulnerable. Therefore, the study concludes that, well placed individuals, parents, civil society organizations and the government should make efforts to improve and secure the lives of vulnerable young women in Nigeria in order to help them escape from their vulnerabilities. Also, the novel’s authentic representation of life and society and its focus on character more than plot, including its attention to the lower class, the social and the contemporary issues fits it into the realist agenda.
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CHERNOFF, FRED. "The Ontological Fallacy: a rejoinder on the status of scientific realism in international relations." Review of International Studies 35, no. 2 (April 2009): 371–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210509008560.
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AbstractThis article argues that scientific and critical realism have embraced several mistaken claims, among them that social science enquiry cannot proceed unless the theoretical objects of study are specified in advance. The article argues, rather, that although pre-scientific, observable objects and events must be specified from the outset, theoretical objects come to our attention only in the course of formulating theories. The article advances an alternative to scientific realist and critical realist foundations, namely, causal conventionalism, which is an adaptation to the social sciences of several elements of Pierre Duhem's conventionalist account of physical science. The article argues that major goals of theorising that scientific realism and critical realism seek to fulfill are better satisfied by the conventionalist alternative. In an effort to clarify some important issues, the article identifies and responds to a series of related criticisms of my views offered by Colin Wight in his recent article ‘A Manifesto for Scientific Realism in IR: Assuming the Can-Opener Won't Work!’ in ‘Millennium’, and in his book, Agents, Structures and International Relations: Politics as Ontology.1
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Potolsky, Matthew. "Decadence and Realism." Victorian Literature and Culture 49, no. 4 (2021): 563–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150320000248.
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This essay proposes a new understanding of the widely recognized disdain for realism and the realist novel among decadent writers, a disdain most critics have interpreted as a protomodernist celebration of artifice. Focusing on Oscar Wilde's dialogue “The Decay of Lying,” the essay argues instead that decadent antirealism is antimodern, embodying a repudiation of contemporary society. Decadent writers regard realism not as hidebound and traditional, as twentieth-century theorists would have it, but as terrifyingly modern. Wilde looks back to neoclassical theories of mimesis and classical Republican political theory to imagine a different, older world, one in which art improves upon brute reality and in which the artist stands apart from the social forces that realist novels make central to their literary universes.
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OREKHOV, A. M. ""Social Realism": ontological foundations." Personality.Culture.Society 21, no. 3-4 (2019): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30936/1606-951x-2019-21-3/4-169-175.
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Barnes, Elizabeth. "Realism and social structure." Philosophical Studies 174, no. 10 (August 8, 2016): 2417–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0743-y.
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Shotter, John. "Social Constructionism and Realism." Theory & Psychology 2, no. 2 (May 1992): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354392022005.
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Haber, Maya. "Socialist Realism and the Study of Rural Life, 1945–1958." Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 41, no. 2 (July 10, 2014): 194–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763324-04102007.
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The campaign against cosmopolitanism (1946–1953) forced social scientists to develop a methodology that captured socialist transformation in a socialist realist vernacular. The article examines the way socialist realism served as a prism through which to identify, categorize, and order research objects. Focusing primarily a 1951 ethnographic expedition to Voronezh province and its search for a “typical” village, the article argues that ethnographers, like other social scientists, perceived themselves as social engineers and their mission as molding soviet society into a socialist realist form. In this sense, scientists used socialist realism as a mechanism to distill reality into socialism. The article suggests that rather than discuss the truth value of soviet social scientific knowledge, historians should conceptualize these scholars’ work as manifestations of a unique soviet impulse to transform society.
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Soares, Rebecca. "The Spirit of Labor." Religion and the Arts 26, no. 1-2 (March 24, 2022): 112–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685292-02601005.
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Abstract Although typically characterized as authors of social realism or social gospel fiction, respectively, Elizabeth Gaskell’s and Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’s nineteenth-century industrial novels defy traditional generic designations through their deployment of supernatural and spiritualist discourse to otherwise decidedly earthly and material subjects. Creating a genre that I call spiritual realism, these writers infused realist narratives with the spiritual motifs and images that colored the social and religious ideology of the nineteenth century in order to represent both the material and immaterial realities of their everyday experience. This new spiritual realism allowed writers to depict the nebulous, transitory, and incomprehensible aspects of their everyday reality in an increasingly modern, industrial, and transnational world. In order to establish the centrality of spiritual realism to our understanding of nineteenth-century industrial fiction, this essay examines Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South (1855) and Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’s The Silent Partner (1871), emphasizing each author’s deployment of spiritualism to interrogate the morality of industrialization and the treatment of workers.
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LILI, Tong. "Theory of social realism in modern Chinese literature history: practice and development." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Oriental Languages and Literatures, no. 26 (2020): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-242x.2020.26.70-75.
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The aim of this paper is to show a way of development of the theory of social realism in China and to reveal an extent of influence of soviet theory of social realism to the literary process in this country in XX century. The article is descriptive by its plan. The object of study is the theory of social realism, and the subject of study is transformations of this theory in Chinese context. The research is based on the next model of periodization of the process of development of the mentioned theory in China: 1) 1933 – 1953 years, when the theory of realism was borrowed and started to gain ground in China; 2) 1953 – 1958 years, when Chinese literary critics had reconsidered the literature of "May 4th" Movement (1919) from the social realism point of view; 3) 1958 – 1980 years, when "cultural revolution" took place and the term "social realism" had got out of use from Chinese literary critic; and 4) 1980 year – till now, when revival of interest to the classic form of realism as the method of writing occurred. In addition to this, most important events or contentious issues for each mentioned period were underlined in the paper. In particular, it was recognized, that the most important event for Chinese literary circles during the first period was the Mao Zedong`s speech in Yan`an city in 1942; because since then, the theory of socialist realism had officially become the key method of literary writings in China, with works of soviet literature, based on it, as a main pattern. As for the second period, it is stated, that considering the main representative of the "May 4th" literature Lu Xun as a social realist is a matter of opinion, lacked sufficient arguments. Speaking about the third period, it is underlined, that the shift from the social realism to the mix of revolutionary romanticism and revolutionary realism occurred in method orientation during this period, with the last setting dominated till the end of the "cultural revolution". About fourth period it is stressed, that the interest of writers returned to the classical realism as a method of writing during this period. Then, the next features of the theory of socialist realism in the Chinese context were determined as a result of this research: an intention to estimate the described reality, clearly explicate the essence of the victory of socialist revolution and propagate the spirit of fight for the better future among the readers. Thus, it is noted in conclusions to the article, that socialist realism in China in the XX century went through raise and decline of theoretical interest during the process of adaptation to the new context, and finally gave way to the classical realism. So, the new wave of interest to the letter, in the field of theory in particular, is expected in future.
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Bagenda, Christina. "Filsafat Realisme Hukum Dalam Perspektif Ontologi, Aksiologi, Dan Epistemologi." Jurnal Ius Constituendum 7, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/jic.v7i1.4777.
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<p>Tujuan penelitian hukum ini adalah mengkaji dinamika konsep filsafat realisme hukum sekaligus mengkaji realisme hukum ditinjau dari aspek aksiologi, ontologi, dan epistemologi. Penelitian hukum ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual dan peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengkaji isu hukum yang dibahas. Hasil kajian yang telah diperoleh kemudian di susun secara sistematis dengan menggunakan logika silogisme. Penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa filsafat realisme hukum menempatkan realitas sosial di atas hukum. Sehingga, hukum merupakan suatu konsekuensi dari berbagai kekuatan serta alat kontrol sosial. Selanjutnya, Pola penalaran filsafat realisme hukum menggunakan skema nondoktrinal-induktif; sebagaimana ditinjau berdasarkan aspek epistimologi. Selanjutnya, ditinjau dari sisi ontologi, filsafat realisme hukum memberikan kesempatan kepada setiap subjek hukum untuk menginterpretasi segala hal yang diwujudkan berdasarkan instrumen hukum dan ilmu-ilmu yang berhubungan dengan hukum. Aspek ontologi menilai realisme hukum adalah segala upaya untuk menafsirkan dan mewujudkan segala tindakan-tindakan para setiap subjek hukum sebagai legitimasi suatu instrumen hukum yang berlaku di masyarakat. Kemudian, apabila dikaji dalam sudut pandang aksiologi, realisme hukum dianggap sebagai teori yang bernilai sebagaimana yang memiliki utilitas terhadap perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dari hukum itu sendiri.</p><p align="center"> </p><p>The purpose of this legal research is to examine the dynamics of the philosophical concept of legal realism as well as to examine legal realism in terms of axiology, ontology, and epistemology aspects. This legal research uses a conceptual approach and legislation to examine the legal issues discussed. The results of the study that have been obtained are then arranged systematically using syllogistic logic. This study states that the legal realism philosophy places social reality above the law. Thus, law is a consequence of various forces and tools of social control. Furthermore, the reasoning pattern of legal realism uses a non-doctrinal-inductive scheme; as reviewed based on the aspect of epistemology. Furthermore, in terms of ontology, the philosophy of legal realism provides an opportunity for every legal subject to interpret everything that is realized based on legal instruments and the sciences related to law. Thus, the ontology aspect assesses legal realism as all efforts to interpret and realize all the actions of each legal subject as the legitimacy of a legal instrument that applies in society. Then, when studied from an axiological point of view, legal realism is considered a valuable theory as it has utility for the development of science from the law itself.</p>
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Andalas, Maharani Intan. "NARASI REALISME MAGIS DALAM PUISI “GONG” KARYA NIRWAN DEWANTO." GENTA BAHTERA: Jurnal Ilmiah Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47269/gb.v3i2.12.
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AbstrakPengaruh kesusastraan global berupa realisme magis ditemukan dalam sastra Indonesia, baik dalam prosa maupun puisi. Salah satu indikasi karya realisme magis adalah dihadirkannya mitos dalam konteks masa kini. Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana yang magis dan yang nyata dinarasikan berdasarkan elemen-elemen yang menjadi karakteristik realisme magis dalam puisi “Gong” serta hubungan antarelemen dan kadar realisme magis di dalamnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori naratif realisme magis Wendy B. Faris. Metode penelitian didasarkan pada teori berupa penentuan data dan pengumpulan data yang meliputi klasifikasi data menjadi dua kategori utama, yaitu data magis dan data riil. Dalam hasil dan pembahasan, dibuktikan bahwa puisi “Gong” mengandung narasi realisme magis atas mitos Calon Arang melalui lima karakteristik realisme magis yang terdapat di dalamnya. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan relasional di antara elemen yang menjadi karakteristik tersebut. Kadar realisme magis dilihat dari tokoh dan peristiwa dapat dikatakan cukup kuat. Puisi ini menggarisbawahi isu perempuan dan akhir patriaki. Isu tersebut berkait dengan konteks posmodernisme. Penggunaan mitos dalam puisi memperlihatkan cara pandang posmodernisme yang tidak terlepas dari Jakarta sebagai konteks sosial penyair. Kata kunci: mitos, narasi, realisme, magis, karakteristik AbstractThe impact of global literature of magical realism is found in Indonesia literature in both prose and poetry. One indication of the work of magical realism is the representation of myth in the contemporary context. The problem discussed in this research are the narration of the magic and the real in Gong poem and the connection between elements, also the level of magical realism in it. This research used narrative theory of magical realism by Wendy B Faris. This research method was based on magical realism theory in the form of data determination and data collection which included the classification into two categories namely magical data and real data. In result and discussion proved that Gong poem contained a narrative of magical realism upon Calon Arang myth through five characteristic of magical realism in it beside the relation among the elements. Magical realism level seen from character and events was strong enough. This poem underlines the issues of women and the end of patriarchy. The issues are related with postmodernism context. The myths in poem shows postmodernism point of view that can’t be separate from Jakarta as social context. Keywords: myth, narrative, magical, realism, characteristic
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Manhas, Sumedha. "Realism through 21st Century Eyes." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 4 (2023): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.84.46.
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Since the mid-19th century, a new form of literature took birth that rejected artificiality and presented the conventional in fresh yet insightful ways. Realist writers took inspiration from works of artists such as Gustave Courbet who approached the present realities of contemporary society and its social, economic, and political aspects. They aimed to portray their characters and circumstances that could be relatable to the reader, rather than relying on romanticized portrayals. This shift in literary representation aligned with Courbet's belief in presenting the unvarnished truth, devoid of any embellishment which paved the way for an unfiltered representation of reality in various artistic forms. These writers employed detailed observations and incorporated elements such as social customs, dialects, etc to provide a more authentic representation and enrich a reader’s experience. Realist literature exposes social injustices and inequalities while championing the importance of individual perspectives and depicting nuanced human conditions. Through a more socially engaged form of storytelling, it allows subsequent generations of writers to delve into unexplored areas and find their stories. Through this study, I identify the message and societal settings of various years by understanding the theme of stories written by famous realist writers, unveiling the hidden metaphors, symbols and social questions that it raises. Along with addressing the significance of realism, this paper also elaborates upon how the movement catalyzed a change in narration techniques and theme dynamics. This paper accentuates the existing relevance of realism within the tapestry of literature.
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New, Caroline. "Sociology and the Case for Realism." Sociological Review 43, no. 4 (November 1995): 808–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1995.tb00720.x.
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It is argued that in the present era of ecological threat we need a critical sociology, which requires a realist ontology. Using Beck's Risk society as an example, I maintain that to the extent that postmodernist sociology rejects realism, its critical and substantive potential is compromised. The second half of the article argues that realism must extend also to moral positions, which are assessed in terms of knowledge of the natural and social world. Through various examples it shows that while postmodernist thinkers reject meta-narratives and universal truth, they are inevitably moral realist in practice when talking politics. Contra Bauman, sociology cannot dispense with the project of emancipation. The moral realist discourse of human needs permits us to move from statements about the world to recommendations for action.
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Kucherenko, Sergey A. "The Concept of War in Political Realism." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 63, no. 11 (March 15, 2021): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2020-63-11-104-127.
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The article deals with the concept of war in modern political realism. Realism claims to have an original notion of war, which distinguishes it from empirical war studies and from other schools in international relations theory. Realism does not have a strict formal definition of war like empirical studies do, it focuses on understanding the causes and nature of war instead. The distinction between realism and other international relations theories like idealism, Marxism or constructivism consists in the realist notion of politics. Realism understands politics as an eternal struggle for power that underlies all social life, while war is the most intense manifestation of this struggle. Thus, the possibility of war cannot be eradicated. The article shows the normative aspects of such understanding of war. Realism, unlike pacifism or just war theory, is less enthusiastic about ethical or legal regulation of war; furthermore, it shows the dangers that may be caused by political moralism and “criminalization” of war. On the other hand, realism fails to provide a set of norms or principles that would surpass the just war principles. The realist principles of national interest and prudence are as vague, unclear and prone to misuse as classic just war principles are. Author draws a conclusion that to be able to create a valid set of principles of war, realism needs to further converge with international relations theory schools and “enlarge” the set of its base theoretical notions.
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Williams, Malcolm. "The Problem of Representation: Realism and Operationalism in Survey Research." Sociological Research Online 8, no. 1 (February 2003): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.779.
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This paper is concerned with the question of representation in survey research, specifically in respect of the operationalisation of variables. In sociology, empiricist explanations of the social world are largely discredited and some form of realism is now commonly favoured by researchers. Here I will argue that whilst realism has made theoretical progress in sociology, in survey research there has been an unfortunate accommodation between empiricist operationalism and a naive methodological realism. I will argue that operationalism is not a viable strategy and instead will put the case for a realist approach to definition and measurement in survey research.
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Herzfeld, Michael. "Anthropological realism in a scientistic age." Anthropological Theory 18, no. 1 (August 13, 2017): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499617725473.
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Anthropology is a realist discipline. In this article, I draw a sharp distinction between realism and scientism, or objectivism, arguing that realism requires the recognition of the contexts and contingency of all knowledge, including ethnography, whereas scientism – a rhetoric that invokes science as its source of authority – paradoxically occludes recognition of its own context of production. A realist position, anchored in social experience and aware of the limitations that such an entailment involves, is thus far better situated to explore the political implications of anthropological theory, especially in a world where market consumerism, neoliberalism and audit culture, as well as certain authoritarian regimes, have, to their political advantage, substituted quantitative rhetoric for critical thought.
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Joseph, Jonathan, and Milja Kurki. "The limits of practice: why realism can complement IR’s practice turn." International Theory 10, no. 1 (December 6, 2017): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175297191700015x.
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This paper argues that the current calls for a practice turn in International Relations (IR) while positive in many respects, are problematic and potentially limiting because they are premised on a confused understanding of the role of philosophy and realist philosophy in particular and a restricted view of the role of sociological investigation. This arises from the problematic tendency to lapse into advocacy of an anti-realist philosophical and sociological imagination. We suggest that the problems that practice theorists point to should lead not to knee-jerk anti-realism but rather can motivate a reinvigorated conversation with realism. This entails revisiting the role of philosophy, realism, and sociology in the study of practices. We argue that far from being antithetical to practice theory, a reconsideration of realist philosophy helps make sense of the role of practice and provides those advocating practice theory with better tools to deal with the challenges which motivated the development of these theoretical stances. Reconsidering realism entails, however, a reconsideration of a wider social ontology within which practice takes place, and openness to the role of philosophical and theoretical abstractions in teasing out the role of practice.
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Philips, Dougal. "Capitalist Realism and the Refrain: The Libidinal Economies of Degas." Synthesis: an Anglophone Journal of Comparative Literary Studies, no. 3 (May 1, 2011): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/syn.16921.
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This article looks to the work of Degas as an exemplar of a kind of Capitalist Realism, a kind of second generation realism following on from the earlier work of Courbet and Manet. It is posited here that Degas took up the mantle of a ‘corporeal’ realism distinguished from the Impressionists by its nuanced approach to the realism of the body, in particular to its place in the Parisian network of capital and desire. Degas’s paintings and his experiments with photography mapped two spaces: the space of the libidinal and capitalist exchange (theatre, café, stock-exchange) and the space of the production of painting. Further, Degas attempts to represent his own disappearance into both these spaces. Degas continued the politicised social project of realism but with a personalised, modernised vision that prefigures the realisms of the twentieth century.
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Azmat Shehzad and Dr Ghuncha Begum. "Social Realism in Khalid Fateh Muhammad’s Short Stories." DARYAFT 15, no. 01 (June 22, 2023): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/daryaft.v15i01.334.
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Khalid Fateh Muhammad is a prominent writer of current era. He has gained prominence in Urdu fiction due to his unique style, thematic diversity, and technical expertise in the creation of fiction. He has keenly observed the society. This is the reason that his stories are full of psychological and sexual diverse attitude of human beings as well as social conflicts and problems. Being a social realist, he is the spokesman of his age. He has exposed hunger, poverty, greed, unfair distribution of capital, social injustices, and hypocritical attitude of humans in his short stories. In this article, the element of social realism in Khalid Fateh Muhammad’s stories will be discussed.
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Galgani, Jaime. "Recepción de la narrativa social europea en Chile (1880-1920)." Literatura y Lingüística, no. 22 (May 27, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/0717621x.22.120.
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ResumenDurante la década 1880-1890, se dieron fenómenos importantes que impulsaron el cambio de paradigma en el mercado del consumo literario y en la producción narrativa. Uno de ellos fue la llegada, lectura y recepción –en revistas y cenáculos– de la obra de escritores europeos vinculados al realismo y al naturalismo principalmente. Dichas escuelas, creadoras de una estética narrativa propia, son apropiadas en Chile de tal manera que generaron un fenómeno único de producción literaria que tiene su motivación fundamental en la cuestión social como motor del relato.Palabras clave: novela social, cuestión social, naturalismo, realismo, recepción, apropiación AbstractThroughout the 1880-1890 decade, a series of important events occurred that promoted a paradigm shift in the market of literary consumption and narrative production. One of those was the arrival, reading and reception -in magazines and inner circles- of the work of European authors linked mainly to realism and naturalism. These schools, creators of a unique aesthetics narrative, are appropriated here in Chile in such a way that they caused a distinctive phenomenon of literary production that finds a fundamental motivation in social aspects as the driven-force of story.Key words: social novel, social aspects, naturalism, realism, reception, appropriation
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Haack, Susan. "Realism." Synthese 73, no. 2 (November 1987): 275–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00484743.
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Coulter, Cathy. "A Diffractive Story." Qualitative Inquiry 26, no. 10 (November 9, 2020): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800420939207.
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Magical realism is a literary genre that offers possibilities as a posthumanist narrative research project. Magical realism employs literary tools such as a nonlinear aspect of time, a subjective sense of causality, and a conflation of the magical and the ordinary. Such tools offer possibilities in narrative research to create ontological sense-events that exist within assemblages that entangle the reader, the narrator, the place, the writer, and the participants temporally, spatially, and sensually within a flattened event. This article explores the possibilities of magical realism, offering a fleeting assemblage and a subsequent diffractive analysis. It employs a magical realist narrative construction based on a collaborative partnership between an Alaska Native village and a public university in which language revitalization efforts are sought through various school-based projects, including a teacher-training program, creation of subsistence-based native language curriculum, and other projects.
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RICE, DANIEL. "Reinhold Niebuhr and Hans Morgenthau: A Friendship with Contrasting Shades of Realism." Journal of American Studies 42, no. 2 (August 2008): 255–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875808004684.
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Reinhold Niebuhr's “Christian realism” had a favorable and lasting impact on the eminent political theorist Hans J. Morgenthau. The two men developed a lasting friendship and, on Morgenthau's lead, came to oppose America's war in Vietnam. This article explores the relationship between Niebuhr and Morgenthau, giving special attention to the role of Niebuhr's theology in shaping his own version of political realism. The dialectical relation between love and justice that gave Niebuhrian realism its distinctive quality and differentiated Niebuhr from realists such as Morgenthau and George Kennan is also examined. Finally, the unresolved problem that fellow realist Kenneth Thompson saw in Niebuhr's dialectic is considered.
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Smith, Sam. "Teaching further education students the effects of naive realism, to support social development and mitigate classroom conflict." Educational and Child Psychology 37, no. 3 (September 2020): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2020.37.3.56.
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Aim(s)Naive realism is the false conviction that one perceives and responds to the world objectively or ‘as it is’ rather than subjectively through the lens of personal motives, experiences and expectations. The teaching of naïve realism to adults has evidenced increased perspective taking. The current research aimed to evaluate if this approach would be effective in supporting adolescents experiencing classroom conflict.MethodA critical realist approach was employed. Participants were a class of fifteen 16–19-year-old further education (FE) students and related academic staff. Students attended two one-hour lessons on naïve realism. Thematic analysis was conducted on pre- and post-teaching focus group data.FindingsPre-intervention, students identified feeling that others were acting belligerently and presenting inaccurate narratives, yet defended their own similar behaviour as routine. Unexpectedly, students also reported a conscious and purposeful use of naïve realism. Post-intervention, students and staff reported: substantial conflict resolution; improved abilities to perspective take, empathise and self-regulate; reduced fear of negative peer evaluation and anxiety; improved learning atmosphere and applications to the wider world. Novel findings include: the benefits of teaching as a whole-class approach; and how bias removal was insufficient to facilitate perspective taking in certain circumstances.LimitationsThe subjective and interpretative nature of the research methodology, small, all-female sample, and potential for social desirability bias, limit the transferability of findings.ConclusionsTeaching adolescents about the effects of naïve realism may have the potential to support wellbeing, relationships, attainment and transition to adulthood.
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Bøe, Tore Dag. "Ethical realism before social constructionism." Theory & Psychology 31, no. 2 (April 2021): 220–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09593543211004756.
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In this article, I explore the idea that there is a fundamental ethical aspect that precedes social constructionism. I suggest that within social constructionism we can identify a development from seeing knowledge as socially constructed ( epistemological social constructionism) to seeing not only knowledge, but also corporeal ways of being as socially constructed ( ontological social constructionism). As a next step, I propose incorporating what I refer to as ethical realism in social constructionist perspectives. In the encounter with the other human being, I argue that there is a real ethical impulse that precedes social constructionism and puts it in motion. This impulse is real in the sense that it is neither constructed within, nor is it dependent upon, any particular social–cultural–historical context. In this paper I consider the ethical aspects of human encounters that allow for a constructionist epistemology and ontology to emerge in the first place. I make use of ideas from Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Rancière and consider how these thinkers are used in the work of Gert Biesta. The ideas are discussed in relation to findings from a previous study by the author and his colleagues exploring the experiences of adolescents taking part in mental health services.
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Mason, Rebecca. "Against Social Kind Anti-Realism." Metaphysics 3, no. 1 (2020): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/met.30.
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Rosenberg, Alexander. "Moral Realism and Social Science." Midwest Studies in Philosophy 15 (1990): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.1990.tb00211.x.
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Zagalsky, Leonid. "Social Realism Bites the Dust." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 48, no. 2 (March 1992): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00963402.1992.11460064.
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Kemp, Stephen, and John Holmwood. "Realism, Regularity and Social Explanation." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 33, no. 2 (June 2003): 165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00212.
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Williams, Malcolm, and Wendy Dyer. "Complex realism in social research." Methodological Innovations 10, no. 2 (July 2017): 205979911668356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059799116683564.
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In recent years, both realism and complexity have begun to have methodological influence in social research. Yet for the most part, these have existed separately and have had limited impact on empirical research. In this article, we develop a theoretical argument for complex realism, grounded in an ontology of probability, that may be operationalised to demonstrate the reality of social change at a micro- and meso-level. We apply our conception of complex realism to an example using the method of longitudinal case–based cluster analysis to analyse the trajectories over time of male and female prisoners aged 18 and above who were at risk of self-harm.
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OUTHWAITE, WILLIAM. "Realism, Naturalism and Social Behaviour." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 20, no. 4 (December 1990): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1990.tb00194.x.
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SABINI, JOHN, and JAY SCHULKIN. "Biological Realism and Social Constructivism." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 24, no. 3 (September 1994): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1994.tb00253.x.
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Greenwood, John D. "Realism, Empiricism and Social Constructionism." Theory & Psychology 2, no. 2 (May 1992): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354392022001.
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Barrish, Phillip. "Literary Realism and Social Divisions." Twentieth-Century Literature 52, no. 4 (2006): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0041462x-2006-1006.
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Askarova, Gunel. "Social-psychological realism of Alabbas." Poetika.izm, no. 01 (2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.59849/2663-2926.2023.1.125.
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Walser-Bürgler, Isabella. "A Touch of ‘Realism’?" Artes 2, no. 1 (May 8, 2023): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/27727629-20230004.
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Abstract The beginning of the ‘modern’ novel usually is dated between the middle of the eighteenth until the middle of the nineteenth century when realism reshaped the centuries old design of the novel. A crucial feature of the new realist model was the turning away from the typified black-and-white characters as predetermined social representatives acting in a predictable world and the turning towards individualized characters whose actions are driven by more relatable human thoughts. However, early traces of this realist model of designing characters are already visible in some of the finest examples of Neo-Latin novel writing. By examining different Neo-Latin novels from the Early Modern Period, this article highlights the realist character development in pre-modern times.
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Frerichs, Sabine. "Putting behavioural economics in its place: the new realism of law, economics and psychology and its alternatives." Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 72, no. 4 (March 17, 2022): 651–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v72i4.920.
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The behavioural turn in economics has spilled over into the field of law and economics. Some scholars even consider behavioural economics a variety of new legal realism, invoking earlier efforts to promote law as a behavioural and social science. In fact, behavioural economics works towards more realistic assumptions about human behaviour by drawing on empirical research methods, namely economic experiments. However, not all realisms are alike. Much of the mainstream of behavioural economics is inspired by cognitive psychology, which entails a move from behaviour to cognition and, ultimately, to brains. For scholars with a socio-legal background, legal realism rather points in the opposite direction: to the social contexts and institutional frameworks that shape individual behaviour. By exploring alternative options for a new realism at the intersection of law, economics, and related disciplines, this article exposes the relative neglect of institutions in behavioural economics and the tendency to reduce them to a corrective for cognitive biases in applications to law. At the same time, it provides a broad overview of different varieties of realism next to behavioural-economic ones.
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KARABAĞ, Müge. "Türk Sinemasinda Toplumsal Gerçekçi Filmlerde İstanbul Temsili: Acı Hayat ve Banker Bilo Filmleri Örneği." Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences 8, no. 16 (June 20, 2022): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/jsrbs.8.16.6.
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In this study, it has been tried to explain how and with which variables Istanbul is represented in the films within the scope of the social realist cinema movement in Turkey by analyzing the selected sample films. In this context, in the study, first of all, the social realism movement in Turkish cinema was mentioned and the films shot in line with this movement were briefly mentioned. In the study, the representations of Istanbul in Yeşilçam films were mentioned and the films selected as samples were examined by text analysis method. Sample films are films that are evaluated within the scope of the social realism movement in Turkish cinema and shot in different periods. These films are Acı Hayat made in 1962 and Banker Bilo made in 1980. As a result of the study, it has been that in both films, Istanbul is represented as a trap that alienates people from themselves and society, pushes them to loneliness and mistakes, and leads to the loss of purity and goodness. Keywords: Turkish Cinema, Social Realism, Istanbul, City, Cinema
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DeKeseredy, Walter. "Special Edition: Left Realism Today - Guest Editor’s Introduction." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i3.346.
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Since its birth in the mid-1980s, as a major variant of critical criminology, Left Realism continues to ebb and flow. Furthermore, not all Left realist contributions are alike and some are subject to very heated debates. The fact remains, however, that Left Realism is ‘alive and well’. Of course, given that I devoted 26 years of my life (much of it with Martin D Schwartz) to the realist project, I could easily be accused of being biased. Nonetheless, some contemporary empirical support for my claim is the recent publication of Roger Matthews’ (2014) book Realist Criminology. The main objective of this volume is to use this offering as a ‘launching pad’ or ‘springboard’ for broader analyses of the relevance of Left Realism to critical criminology as we know it today. Matthews’ piece is the lead article. Following this are six others that, in part, address his monograph and that also point us to new directions in Left realist ways of knowing. In keeping with the spirit of the International Journal of Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, the authors constitute an international cadre of progressive scholars, including me, Joseph Donnermeyer, Steve Hall, Russell Hogg, John Lea, Claire Renzetti, and Simon Winlow. It cannot be emphasized enough, though, that this special issue is not a ‘love-in’ and there is no ‘party line’ here. All of the authors have strong positions on topics of major concern to academics and activists seeking new ways of thinking critically about crime, law and social control.
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Niessen, Niels. "The Staged Realism of Michael Haneke’s Caché." Hors dossier 20, no. 1 (February 17, 2010): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039276ar.
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Abstract Michael Haneke’s style can best be described as staged realism, a cinematographic approach of presenting diegetic events as overtly staged and modelled in order to connect them to real social issues. In Caché (2005), this results in a short-circuit between the on-screen narrative and the viewer’s act of watching, as a result of which the viewer is created both as a guilty subject and as a co-investigator. Through a juxtaposition of Haneke’s staged realism with the neo-realist documentary mode of filmmaking advocated by André Bazin, this article argues that Caché is the current apex of Haneke’s realist project. However, by staging the real killing of animals, the film simultaneously troubles that project’s self-generated limits.
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LANG, ANDREW. "New Legal Realism, Empiricism, and Scientism: The Relative Objectivity of Law and Social Science." Leiden Journal of International Law 28, no. 2 (April 24, 2015): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156515000059.
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AbstractIn this article, I suggest that one of the central characteristics of New Legal Realism is the productive tension between empiricist and pragmatist theories of knowledge which lies at its core. On one side, new realist work in its empiricist posture seeks to use empirical knowledge of the world as the basis on which to design, interpret, apply, and criticize the law. On the other, in its pragmatist moments, it explicitly draws attention to the social and political contingency of any claims to empirical knowledge of the world, including its own. As a consequence, it is distinctive of much scholarship in the New Legal Realist vein that it continually enacts creative syntheses of different philosophies of truth in an attempt to be, in Shaffer's words, ‘positivist . . . interpretivist, and legal realist all at once’. The first part of this article draws on existing historical accounts of legal realism briefly to trace the problematic and ambiguous place of scientism in the legal realist tradition. Then, in the second and more important part of the article, I argue that the ambivalence of the legal realists’ vision has left us, in certain contexts, with a complicated form of mixed legal-scientific governance which has proved remarkably and surprisingly resilient in the face of late twentieth century critiques of scientific objectivity. This may be one of the most enduring legacies of the ‘old’ legal realists for those today who work in the New Legal Realist vein.