Relevant bibliographies by topics / Social reformers

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Social reformers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Social reformers"

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Digdon, Leslie. "The “Good,” the “Bad,” and the “Irresponsibles”: Alexander Peter Reid and His “Utilitarian, if Sordid” Discussion of Eugenics in Nova Scotia, 1875–1913." Canadian Journal of History 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 22–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh-57-1-2021-0026.

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In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, eugenics was heralded by physicians, social reformers, educators, and politicians as a science that promised to improve human populations and to solve social ills. This article examines and contextualizes the work of Alexander Peter Reid (1836–1920), a Nova Scotian physician, social reformer, and asylum superintendent while tracing the formation of his eugenic ideology and its transnational influences.
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Mandell, Nikki. "Allies or Antagonists? Philanthropic Reformers and Business Reformers in the Progressive Era." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 11, no. 1 (January 2012): 71–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781411000466.

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In the early twentieth century, amid heightening industrial tensions, many large corporations introduced welfare work to co-opt their employees' loyalties and pacify public anger. Many of the techniques and ideas of what became known as “welfare capitalism” were adapted from charity aid and settlement work. Over time, however, labor relations moved from being identified as a social reform issue—bound up with other issues on which the new profession of social work concentrated—to a business management prerogative. This article argues that professionalization played a significant role in these developments. Philanthropic reformers initially claimed welfare work as part of their professional agenda. However, in the second decade of the century, the social work profession began to narrow its field of operations. As social work's ambivalent claims on the factory and shop floor atrophied, business schools were introducing elements of industrial social work into their new management curriculums. The burgeoning field of professional labor management incorporated welfare work as one of its essential tools.
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sinha, Dr Poonam. "WOMEN AND SOCIAL REFORMS." GENESIS 7, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47211/tg.2020.v07i03.020.

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Social Reformers faced so many legal problems for women welfare in our society. They want to reform the condition of women in our society. There are so many bad traditions enforced on women who force them to follow rules which are against their development in our society, society never wants reforms to their condition which is against women but some social reformers fight against the law which is made by society for women. It is very clear they never want to change the Law against women which was fabricated by them but some social reformers fight against those Law which was made by the society. They also knew that all these laws which were imposed on women, that are the cruelty of society under which women can never develop in our society. Gradually, the awareness in women increased and she felt that all these laws were against her.
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Afshar, Ahmadreza. "Hands on Stamps: Great Britain 1976—Social Reformers." Journal of Hand Surgery 39, no. 4 (April 2014): 757–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.01.010.

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Lui, Adonica Y. "The Machine and Social Policies: Tammany Hall and the Politics of Public Outdoor Relief, New York City, 1874–1898." Studies in American Political Development 9, no. 2 (1995): 386–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x0000136x.

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In the late nineteenth century, public outdoor relief came under severe and sustained attack from reformers. Municipal reformers attacked it as a source of machine patronage and corruption, and charity reformers saw it as the cause of pauperism and moral turpitude among the poor. But in New York City, the critical decision to cut the municipal program came not from the reformers, but from the city's Democratic machine, Tammany Hall itself. In December 1876, the machine administration of Tammany Mayor William Wickham and Boss John Kelly terminated municipal outdoor relief funding for 1877, except for the distribution of coal. The previous “reform” administration had, by contrast, kept the program intact.
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Méthot, Mélanie. "Herbert Brown Ames: Political Reformer and Enforcer." Articles 31, no. 2 (May 24, 2013): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015755ar.

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To make a distinction between political and social reform may appear simplistic, especially when one considers that many turn of the century social reformers were advocates of prohibition, temperance, child welfare and they turned to the pursuit of female enfranchisement, to achieve their goals. Yet, for social reformers contemporary critics, there was a distinction between political and social reforms, and in their eyes, the ones that needed to be urgently implemented were the latter. The review of social reformer Herbert Brown Ames' municipal career shows that he chose to focus on political reform. He did not envision reforms that would radically transform society. Instead, he asked those with means to assume what he believed should be their moral and financial responsibilities towards the less fortunate. He still believed in the hierarchy of classes. He emphasized the importance of honest businessmen holding positions of potential authority, stressing that the key to a better society resided in the establishment of a professional, accountable, and "scientific" municipal government made up of men like himself. His attempt at professionalizing the municipal government should be seen as a first effort at creating a bureaucracy. Ames should be remembered as a paternalist philanthropist businessman who advocated political reforms.
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Lee, William R. "Music Education and Rural Reform, 1900-1925." Journal of Research in Music Education 45, no. 2 (July 1997): 306–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3345589.

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Between 1900 and the early 1920s, music began to be viewed as an important social tool by Progressive Era reformers. One aspect of reform was inspired by the Country Life Movement. With over half the children in the United States still living in rural areas, reformers focused on improving the economic and social conditions of rural people. Rural reformers expanded university offerings in music and campaigned for the legal and educational framework for music education. Ideas for mass music education were explored, including efforts based on agricultural extension models. New approaches were tried that are now standard. A social rationale for music was expounded, giving importance to the Community Music Movement and the Pageant Movement. Rural reform contributed to a wider acceptance of music as an important aspect of education and promoted music as a social necessity.
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Sanzhenakov, Alexander A. "Wittgenstein and Husserl as the Reformers of Social Science." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 57, no. 3 (2020): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202057338.

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The article is devoted to the rule-following problem and its impact on the sociology of science as K.A. Rodin presents them in his article. It is known that L. Wittgenstein in “Philosophical Studies”, using the rule of arithmetic addition as an example, formulated the rule-following problem, which has acquired the ultimate form of skepticism thanks to S. Kripke. This problem was transferred to the sociology of science by D. Bloor, where it received the following sociological explanation: rule-amenably activity can be understood only by incorporating rules into social institutions. P. Winch rejected a skeptical interpretation of this problem, and as K.A. Rodin shows in the article, most adequately showed the consequences of Wittgenstein’s ideas for sociology. In his answer, A.A. Sanzhenakov draws attention to two circumstances. Firstly, sociology was influenced not only by late but also early ideas of Wittgenstein. Secondly, the rule-following problem as an important factor in the sociological turn can also be found in the phenomenology of E. Husserl. The author concludes about the need for additional research, which will draw a line between the influence of Wittgenstein and Husserl on sociology.
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R, Suresh. "Dravidian Movement and Arangannal." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, no. 4 (October 14, 2022): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22422.

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Human society was degraded by superstitious practices without intellectual awareness. The society of the day was subjected to decline and suffering. The social reformers who emerged among the communities guided the people. Among them, Jesus, Prophet, Buddha, Gandhi, and others are notable. From time-to-time reformers appeared to reform society on the soil. Because of the illiteracy of the people, inequality and atrocities in society took place every day. Communalism and caste oppression swelled, and women and the downtrodden suffered from irrational acts. There are plenty of intellectual organizations on the soil that have arisen to reform human society to recover from them. The purpose of this article is to study the Dravidian movement that reformed the people against the atrocities of caste, religion, labour exploitation, and bonded labour in southern Tamil Nadu, and the creator Arangannal, who assimilated and spoke and wrote Dravidian ideology.
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Martini, Sandra Regina. "As contribuições inter e transdisciplinares para as constantes reformas do Sistema da Saúde e da Educação no contexto brasileiro / The inter and transdisciplinary contributions to the constant reforms of the Health and Education system in the Brazilian context." Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales 6, no. 2 (December 9, 2017): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/gka-revsocial.v6.93.

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RESUMENCotidianamente nos questionamos sobre o significado e o alcance da educação na sociedade, além da saúde aparecer como preocupação constante. Ambos sistemas sociais apresentam alto nível de complexidade estrutural, por isso, fala-se sempre na necessidade de reforma sem muitas vezes “reformar os reformadores”, o que resulta na repetição de inefetividade de ambos sistemas sociais no contexto brasileiro. A partir deste quadro vemos que é necessário algo que possa “ligar” as reformas com a realidade social. Para isso, a postura interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar são fundamentais. Teremos como referência a Teoria Sistêmica, pois esta analisa a sociedade nas suas possibilidades e nos seus riscos. ABSTRACTEvery day we question the meaning and scope of education in society, and health appears to be a constant concern. Both social systems have a high level of structural complexity, so there is always talk of the need for reform without often "reforming the reformers", which results in the repetition of ineffectiveness of both social systems in the Brazilian context. From this picture we see that something is needed that can "connect" the reforms with the social reality. For this, the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary stance are fundamental. We will refer to Systemic Theory, since it analyzes society in its possibilities and its risks.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social reformers"

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Brännvall, Maria-Sofia Kristina, and Johansson Susanne Morin. "Är specialpedagogen på väg att reformeras bort? : Skolpolitiska reformers potentiella inverkan på specialpedagogprofessionen." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-132927.

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I föreliggande uppsats ville vi fokusera på den styrning vi i dag ser och hur den i olika grad påverkar specialpedagogens yrkesroll. Diskussionen om lärarna som professionella har betonats i takt med att styrningen av skolan har förändradrats och decentraliserats till att bli den mål- och resultatstyrda skola vi har i dag med ett kommunalt huvudmannaskap. Syftet formulerades som så att beskriva och analysera ett antal skolpolitiska reformer och deras potentiella inverkan på specialpedagogprofessionen. Vi utgick ifrån professionsteori som ett teoretiskt ramverk som hjälpte oss att expandera förståelsen för studiens resultat. Med hjälp av styrdokument, forskning inom området samt intervjuer med specialpedagoger skulle studien besvara följande frågeställningar. Vad har specialpedagoger för tankar, erfarenheter och idéer gällande sin profession? Vad har specialpedagoger för tankar, erfarenheter och idéer om professionen i förhållande till de senaste reformerna på området? Vilka faktorer påverkar specialpedagogens profession? Specialpedagogerna i studien har alla ett specialpedagogiskt perspektiv där de ser på skolan utifrån tre olika nivåer; organisation-, grupp- och individ. Vi fann att ändringarna i lagen gällande extra anpassningar och särskilt stöd samt förstelärarreformen har inverkat på professionen och i och med delvis detta kom vi fram till fem faktorer som påverkar specialpedagogprofessionen. Forskning om och utvärdering av implementering av reformer och utfallet av dem kan vara ett sätt att förhoppningsvis stärka professionerna i vårt ovanifrån styrda utbildningsväsende.
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Armstrong, Samantha-Jo. "The Book of Kindness : Social Reformers Use of Kindness: 1760-1800." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322960.

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In the English socio-cultural landscape of the late eighteenth-century, the concept of kindness inhabited a place of importance for its proponents. For kindness was regarded as actions derived from the capacity of humans to do good. Which resulted in the experience and creation of good qualities, situations, and interactions. Kindness’ dictates allowed for its followers to argue the need to encourage better behavioural qualities in others. The dictates of kindness that allowed for this regulating ability came around due to the tightly entwined religious and social tenets of kindness. In the religious sphere, kindness was tied to being Christian through the ‘Law of Kindness.’ The ‘Law of Kindness’ argued that Christians must show kindness to every human being and creature despite everything. Christian theologians argued that kindness is part of humanity, which must be shown through the correct actions, mannerisms, and feelings of everyday life. Kindness fit neatly into the culture of sensibility and its associated philosophies of moral and sensibilities. In the social sphere proponents argued that kindness acted as a means of reinforcing social hierarchy and behavioural boundaries of English society. This occurred through dictates to people showing kindness and infuse kindness into their behaviour that varied according to social position and gender.
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Materese, Michele M. "From local to national Lilllian D. Wald, a social activist, 1893-1913 /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.

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Baruah, Ved. "Addicts, peddlers, reformers : a social history of opium in Assam, 1826-1947." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/93562/.

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The thesis offers a social history of opium in colonial Assam by tracing the evolution of representations, perceptions and ideological positions on opium from local, national and transnational perspectives which enables a new mode of reading the province’s specific encounter with colonialism and nationalism. It studies Assam’s history through the prism of opium, particularly the interplay between state and society during the period 1828–1947, and focusses on three groups—addicts, peddlers and reformers—whose interaction defined the terrain of the opium question in order to challenge the economic and nationalist bias in the historiography. It interprets opium as a cultural commodity and social practice and reorients the framework of opium in India from export trade to domestic consumption, using opium addiction in Assam and the global prohibition campaign as the vantage point to explore the interplay between colonial policy, local dissent, nationalism and transnational factors in order to understand the role that opium played in shaping social, cultural and political discourses. The thesis highlights that the opium discourse epitomised the juncture where local phenomenon, national processes and transnational developments overlapped and produced a complex narrative of the intersection of notions of indolence, improvement and industry with modernities, resistance and localisms. As a social biography of opium in colonial Assam, the thesis addresses deficiencies in our understanding of opium in India as well as the wider historiography of opium and enables modes of interpreting Assam’s unique encounter with colonialism and nationalism while also providing a framework to understand the influence of transnational factors in determining local facts. The thesis signals the centrality of transnational perspectives to drug history and is, therefore, both an attempt at recovery of local perspectives and regional specificities in the context of Assam as well as the insertion of locality into the global history of opium.
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Satter, Lori. "Susan B. Anthony : a visionary of the nineteenth-century United States suffrage movement /." Connect to online version, 2007. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2007/242.pdf.

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Day, R. A. "The idea of "a progressive generation" : the case of American women social reformers." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598437.

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This thesis aims to test the assumption that Progressive Era social reform was a product of "a generation" of reformers. It applies theoretical formulations advanced by socialists and historians, to a specific group of women progressive social reformers who have been characterised as a generation in a fashion common to the treatment of generations in the historiography on progressivism in general. The working hypothesis is that the concept of generation has no meaningful application to the period and has simply been used for rhetorical and literary effect by commentators within and following the Progressive Era. The methodology adopted consists of the following: the selection of a "prime generation candidate" i.e. a tight homogeneous grouping of reformers, of the same sex, roughly the same age, bound together by a dense interlocking network of agencies and institutions, and portrayed as members of a "progressive generation" by historians; the application to this group of generational criteria established by theorists: the subsequent examination of the limitations of the generational criteria to explain important aspects of the individual members' motivation, similarities, differences, decisions, preferences and actions. Chapter one surveys the use of the concept of "generation" by historians of the Progressive Era, and examines theoretical formulations of the concept of "generation" that have been advanced by social scientists and historians; the object being to establish that a "generational question" does indeed loom over Progressive Era social reform and over women's social reform in particular. In chapter two the sample of women social reformers to whom these theoretical formulations are to be applied is selected and the criteria on which the selection is made is justified.
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Kobierski, Alison M. "The destined corner-stone of the new social order : the evolution and effects of Edward Bellamy's utopian vision /." Connect to online version, 2009. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2009/367.pdf.

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Bruce, David. ""Ordinary Talents and Extraordinary Perseverance": The Life of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton." [Milwaukee, Wis.] : e-Publications@Marquette, 2009. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/11.

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Rooks, Anne MacPherson. "Working for change young reformers in labor unions and public schools /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1467894161&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Kuntz, Katherine. "Toward a religion of humanity : Frances Wright's crusade for republican values." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074540.

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Frances Wright attempted to reform America between 1825 and 1839. Her activities were unlike any other for a woman of her time. In public lectures to audiences of men and women throughout the East and Midwest, she spoke on the evils of orthodox religion and advocated abolition, equal rights, and universal education for all people regardless of gender or class. In both action and thought, she challenged all notions of nineteenth-century womanhood. Wright's public career helps illuminate the history of antebellum American reform because it reflects the ferment and range of such activity.This study will demonstrate that ideology as a category of study is useful when examining nineteenth-century women in several interrelated contexts. Unlike previous studies examining her as a women's rights advocate, however, this is not a feminist interpretation. Wright's significance as a humanitarian is much larger than any emphasis she gave to women in her rhetoric. Part of her motivation, like her sisters in benevolence reform, involved Christianity and orthodox religion. But unlike most women of her time, Wright believed religion prevented the realization of republican values -- in particular, equality -- because the clergy perpetuated elements of theology scientific methods could not prove true. Intellectual development and social improvement could not occur, she boldly asserted, until Americans threw off religion's blanket of ignorance. Most Americans rejected Wright's denunciations of religion and calls for equality, but to some her message rang true. Her rhetoric planted in progressive women concepts about religious constraints on females and the possibilities of egalitarianism. These individuals would become leaders in the women's rights movement during the final decades of the century.
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Books on the topic "Social reformers"

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Goldaracena, Francisco Idareta. Conepción Arenal: Reformadora social y social desde la compasión. Madrid]: Consejo General del Trabajo Social, 2020.

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Amma, Kuṃpaḷattu Śāntakumāri. Śr̲īvidyādhirāja Caṭṭaṃpisvāmikaḷ. [Thiruvananthapuram]: Sāṃskārika Pr̲asidhīkaraṇa Vakuppȧ, Kēraḷa Sarkkār, 2003.

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Eric, Foner, ed. American reformers, 1815-1860. New York: Hill and Wang, 1997.

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Jones, Julia. I care: American reformers. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2005.

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Vietnam) Thế Giới Publishers (Hanoi. Stories about Vietnamese reformers. Hà Nội: Thế Giới Publishers, 2005.

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James, Tackach, ed. Early Black reformers. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2003.

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Shet, Sunanda. Gora, a social revolutionary. Vijayawada: Atheist Centre, 2002.

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Nielsen, Nancy J. Reformers and activists. New York, NY: Facts on File, 1997.

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Ellis, Wilma M. Women: Peacemakers, reformers, leaders. Mona Vale, NSW: Bahá'í Publications Australia, 1997.

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Lalitha, V. Durgābāyi Dēśmukh. Nyū Ḍhillī: Nesanal Buk Trast, Indiya, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social reformers"

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Becker, Charles M., Grigori A. Marchenko, Sabit Khakimzhanov, Ai-Gul S. Seitenova, and Vladimir Ivliev. "Lessons for Future Reformers." In Social Security Reform in Transition Economies, 229–53. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618022_11.

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Trincado, Estrella, and Manuel Santos-Redondo. "Owen and Bentham as social reformers." In Economics, Entrepreneurship and Utopia, 71–120. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315644011-8.

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Melhado, Evan M. "American Health Reformers and the Social Sciences in the Twentieth Century." In Archimedes, 297–325. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2627-7_17.

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Chandler, G. Donald, and John W. Chandler. "Margaret Sanger and Susan B. Anthony/Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Social Reformers." In On Effective Leadership, 25–40. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137318329_3.

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Seekings, Jeremy. "(Re)formulating the Social Question in Post-apartheid South Africa: Zola Skweyiya, Dignity, Development and the Welfare State." In One Hundred Years of Social Protection, 263–300. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54959-6_8.

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AbstractDemocratisation in 1994 meant that, for the first time, the South African state recognised that all South Africans had claims on and responsibilities to society. To address the racialised legacy of apartheid, the new government sought to expand opportunities for black South Africans—and hence solve the social question—through racially inclusive economic growth and development. The government initially viewed the system of social grants that it inherited as insufficiently developmental and worried about the poor becoming “dependent” on public support. When unemployment and poverty persisted, compounded by HIV/AIDS, reformers—including especially the Minister of Social Development from 1999 to 2009, Zola Skweyiya—reframed the social question in terms of dignity and responsibility and expanded the social grant system.
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Pernet, Corinne A. "Developing Nutritional Standards and Food Policy: Latin American Reformers between the ILO, the League of Nations Health Organization, and the Pan-American Sanitary Bureau." In Globalizing Social Rights, 249–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137291967_15.

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Sahni, Pooja Swami, Kamlesh Singh, and Ekta Chopra. "Role of Socio-spiritual Reformers in the Social Well-Being of Contemporary India." In Religious and Spiritual Practices in India, 251–72. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2397-7_11.

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May, Christina. "Poverty in Transnational Discourses: Social Reformers’ Debates in Germany and the Netherlands around 1900." In The Welfare State and the 'Deviant Poor' in Europe, 1870-1933, 21–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137333629_2.

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Krishnaraj, Meenakshi, Ren-Hao Xu, and Pat Norman. "The Good University? Colourful Histories, Ongoing Troubles, and Changing Contexts." In Using Social Theory in Higher Education, 245–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39817-9_20.

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AbstractDuring the strict COVID restrictions in 2020, the ‘Critical Theory, Education and Social Work Reading Group’ based at the University of Sydney met via Zoom to discuss Raewyn Connell’s The good university (2019). The crisis faced by higher education institutions—set against broader social and political crises triggered by the pandemic—was the palpable backdrop for discussions. Drawing on examples offered by pioneering universities and educational reformers around the world, Connell outlines a vision for making universities more engaging and more productive places, driven by social good rather than profit, and helping to build fairer societies.Connell’s book generated a rich stream of reflections and responses, especially from postgraduate students who are in a liminal space in the global higher education industry. They are often both students and precariously employed staff; both visible as sources of income for universities and invisible as its workers; both already within the university system and uncertain if they will remain.In this chapter, three (former) postgraduates of the reading group—Meenakshi Krishnaraj, Ren-Hao Leo Xu, and Pat Norman—engage with Connell on university teaching, research, and professional work, respectively. Each in their own way raises the question: How can we reimagine ‘the good university’?
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Bush, Julia. "Maternal Reformers and Social Duty." In Women Against the Vote, 47–74. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199248773.003.0003.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social reformers"

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MAHOOD, Sahar. "ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS IN BAGHDAD DURING THE RULE OF THE GOVERNOR MATHAT PASHA (1869-1872)." In International Research Congress of Contemporary Studies in Social Sciences (Rimar Congress 2). Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress2-8.

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Pasha was one of the most prominent Ottoman governors who ruled Baghdad during the rule of the Ottoman Empire, and he was also one of the most important administrative reformers in the city, as he was appointed as its governor in (1869 AD), so he assumed the task of the Ottoman state’s control over the Arab Gulf countries such as (Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Al-Ahsa We find). This study acquires its importance through the important administrative reforms that Medhat Pasha undertook in Baghdad, so we dealt with it in this research in some detail, as his reforms in the fields of (education, mail, health, administration, and construction, etc.) were of great importance in administrative and urban development. For the city of Baghdad, as it established the first building blocks for establishing a solid central administrative system and distinguished urban development. Perhaps one of the most prominent objectives of this study is to shed light on the important reforms of Governor Medhat Pasha in the city of Baghdad, especially in the administrative, urban, educational and other fields, and to stand on each one of them in order to demonstrate its importance and impact on Al-Baghdadi society. As for the problem of this study, it lies in the disclosure of many challenges that coincided with the reforms of Medhat Pasha, which caused a qualitative shift in the administrative system in Baghdad, the most prominent of which was the popular revolution by the people of this city following the imposition of compulsory conscription, even though the governor faced it And he was able to control it and where he did not stop his reforms, whose effects and features remain fresh to this day. He regretted that Medhat Pasha did not help him with his reforms at the Sublime Porte, so the intrigues and plots were trampled upon him, and he was subsequently transferred to the state of Izmir and he was arrested on charges of killing Sultan Abdul Aziz. The judgment was not executed, so he ordered his exile to the city of Taif, and he died in prison in 1883AD.
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Ahmadov, Vusal. "Successes and failures in Hungarian family businesses." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2020.proc.11.

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The Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are a necessary element of the social and economic development of the national economy from the perspective of their significant contribution to employment, innovative capacity, and flexibility. Innovative SMEs are necessary building block in the restructuring of transition economies. The successful reformers of the Central and Eastern Europe countries can promote policies conducive to the development of innovative SMEs, and consequently benefit from the economic advantages of SMEs. However, the majority of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries are lagging behind significantly. This paper gives the analytical description of the development of SMEs in post-socialist countries during the transition process within the framework of the market reforms. The main barriers to growth of SMEs with innovation capacity are the institutional environment, and the inadequate attitude of the government towards small companies. The countries which integrated to European Union been able to overcome these barriers considerably, while the CIS countries do not have a record of significant achievement in this area.
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Cumming, Geoff, and Fiona Fidler. "Interval estimates for statistical communication: problems and possible solutions." In Statistics Education and the Communication of Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.05201.

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In many behavioural and social sciences reformers are urging wider use of interval estimates. We believe confidence intervals can improve research communication markedly, but several problems are raised by our empirical studies of how people understand and misunderstand intervals. We describe three of these problems: an incorrect belief about confidence interval overlap and its relation to statistical significance; failure to distinguish between confidence intervals and standard error bars; and finally, neglect of the importance of research design in applying and interpreting intervals. Our suggested solution is better guidelines, or ‘rules of eye’, and improved graphical presentations to assist with confidence interval presentation and interpretation. The rules of eye are also pedagogic tools, for teaching deeper understanding of interval estimates. By confronting existing misconceptions, these guidelines should facilitate conceptual change in thinking not only about interval estimates themselves, but also the often misunderstood concept of statistical significance.
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Voitsyshyn, Diana. "Pension provision: domestic and world practices." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.208.

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Background: Pension provision of citizens of Ukraine currently remains one of the most important problems of the socio-economic development of the state. The existing system of pension insurance does not adequately fulfill its main task, since the size of pensions mostly does not provide an opportunity to maintain a minimum standard of living. Purpose: To investigate the features of pension provision for persons who have reached retirement age in Ukraine and world experience. Methods: A method of analysis, evaluation, comparison and generalization. Results: After analyzing the state of the pension system, it can be considered a crisis, because the pension does not protect pensioners from poverty, the system is also socially unfair, the Pension Fund receives significant subsidies from the budget in order to be able to pay pensions to the elderly. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the state of pension provision in Ukraine today is quite low. The pension system needs to be reformed, namely, the introduction of reforms in the solidarity system, the creation of an accumulation system and the development of voluntary pension provision, because reducing the level of pension payments cannot be a real alternative, as it will lead to an increase in poverty among elderly citizens. Therefore, the reforms should be aimed at reducing the inflow of new pensioners and increasing the number of people paying pension contributions. Keywords: retirement age, pension system, pension system reform, joint pension system.
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Santos, Polyanna Omena Costa, Juliana Oliveira Batista, and Thaísa Francis César Sampaio Sarmento. "Reformas e percepção do ambiente térmico." In XIX ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGIA DO AMBIENTE CONSTRUÍDO. UFRGS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/entac.v19i1.2067.

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A produção massificada das Habitações de Interesse Social resulta em prejuízos quanto a sua habitabilidade, deixando de atender às necessidades dos moradores, levando-os a reformá-las. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em investigar as motivações para as reformas em residências e seu impacto na percepção do conforto térmico pelo usuário. A abordagem metodológica baseia-se na Avaliação Pós-Ocupação, tendo como objeto de estudo o Residencial Jardim Royal, localizado em Maceió-AL. Na amostra obtida foram representados moradores de 39 habitações, implantadas sob quatro orientações solares distintas. As análises demonstraram que as reformas mais frequentes foram a construção de muros e de coberturas nas áreas externas (frontal e/ou posterior), afetando o aproveitamento da ventilação natural e, consequentemente, o conforto térmico dos usuários, apontado por todos os respondentes. Diante da diversidade de transformações que podem ocorrer nas dinâmicas familiares, conclui-se que a garantia de assessoria técnica por meio de programas governamentais é fundamental para promover a qualidade na Habitação de Interesse Social, possibilitando que a mesma assuma múltiplas funções ao longo do tempo.
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Urotadze, Jaba. "Pension system of Georgia – reforms and challenges." In International Conference on New Trends in Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ntss.2019.08.487.

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Voytyuk, Margarita. "Rural Residents' Views On Social Reforms In The Russian Countryside." In Conference on Land Economy and Rural Studies Essentials. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.02.16.

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Tozhibayev, Bahromjon, and Saidulla Isokov. "Youth Social Deviation in the Process of Reforms in Uzbekistan." In IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220208.069.

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Faerman, Yefim, Nataliya Tarasova, and Irina Vasilyeva. "TOOLS AND SCENARIOS OF SOCIAL POLICY (WITH AN EXPANDED UNDERSTANDING OF THE SOCIAL SPHERE)." In Theory and Practice of Institutional Reforms in Russia [Text]: Collection of Scientific Works. CEMI RAS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33276/978-5-8211-0779-4-16-32.

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Mattei, Giorgia, Marco Tutino, Carlo Regoliosi, Caterina Macrì, and Valentina Santolamazza. "The social audit and social accountability ambiguities in the context of the participatory budgeting adoption." In New outlooks for the scholarly research in corporate governance. Virtus Interpress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/nosrcgp5.

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This study aims to emphasize the significance of social auditing, despite the persisting ambiguities surrounding the use of terms like social audit or social accountability in the context of PB. Additionally, it contributes by analyzing the present state of social auditing and social accountability in PB, highlighting the public sector reforms implemented during the analyzed period
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Reports on the topic "Social reformers"

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Alston, Lee, Ruth Dupre, and Tomas Nonnenmacher. Social Reformers and Regulation: The Prohibition of Cigarettes in the U.S. and Canada. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0131.

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Haider, Huma. Political Settlements: The Case of Moldova. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.065.

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The new elite in post-1991 independent Moldova gradually captured state institutions, while internal drivers of reforms have generally been weak. Civil society has had limited effectiveness; and the media is largely dominated by political and business circles (BTI, 2022). The Moldovan diaspora has emerged in recent years, however, as a powerful driver of reform. In addition, new political parties and politicians have in recent years focused on common social and economic problems, rather than exploiting identity and geopolitical cleavages. These two developments played a crucial role in the transformative changes in the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2020 and 2021, respectively.1 The new Moldovan leadership has experienced many challenges, however, in achieving justice and anti-corruption reforms—the primary components of their electoral platform—due to the persistence of rent-seeking and corruption in the justice sector (Minzarari, 2022). This rapid review examines literature—primarily academic and non-governmental organisation (NGO)-based—in relation to the political settlement of Moldova. It provides an overview of the political settlement framework and the political history of Moldova. It then draws on the literature to explore aspects of the social foundation and the power configuration in Moldova; and implications for governance and inclusive development. The report concludes with recommendations for government, domestic reformers, Moldovan society, and donors for improving inclusive governance and development in Moldova, identified throughout the literature. This report does not cover political settlement in relation to Transnistria.
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Behaghel, Luc, Didier Blanchet, Thierry Debrand, and Muriel Roger. Disability and Social Security Reforms: The French Case. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17055.

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Desmet, Raphael, Alain Jousten, Sergio Perelman, and Pierre Pestieau. Micro-Simulation of Social Security Reforms in Belgium. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9494.

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Agarwal, Manmohan, and John Whalley. The 1991 Reforms, Indian Economic Growth, and Social Progress. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19024.

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Garriga, Carlos, and Juan Carlos Conesa. Optimal Fiscal Policy in the Design of Social Security Reforms. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2007.035.

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Mitchell, Olivia. Social Security Reforms and Poverty Among Older Dual-Earner Couples. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2382.

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Palme, Mårten, and Lisa Laun. Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Sweden. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25394.

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Börsch-Supan, Axel, Johannes Rausch, and Nicolas Goll. Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27518.

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Evia V., José Luis, Fernando Candia C., and Luis Carlos Jemio M. Reforms and Counter-Reforms in Bolivia. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010737.

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This paper analyzes reforms and counter-reforms in Bolivia in recent decades and their effects on the policymaking process (PMP) and productivity. Bolivias PMP has shifted from a formal representative democracy to a participative and direct type of democracy where street protest and other non-conventional forms of political participation have become dominant. While reforms have increased productivity, they have failed to secure the political support necessary to assure long-term sustainability. In contrast, counter-reforms have so far enjoyed extensive political support, but productivity has stagnated since this process started, with declining economic growth and job creationdevelopments likely to undermine support for the counter-reform process. The document stresses the need to rebuild a consensus around a PMP capable of increasing productivity and employment creation while restoring social cohesion.
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