Academic literature on the topic 'Social reserves'

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Journal articles on the topic "Social reserves"

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Ferreira, Ana, Heike Zimmermann, Rui Santos, and Henrik von Wehrden. "A Social–Ecological Systems Framework as a Tool for Understanding the Effectiveness of Biosphere Reserve Management." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103608.

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Biosphere reserves aim to reconciliate social and economic development with biodiversity conservation through complex spatial and governance arrangements. However, there is a generalized lack of information about how biosphere reserves are being managed and governed, and at what point their goals are being achieved, which limits a better understanding of the factors influencing biosphere reserve management effectiveness. Building on a systematic review of existing empirical studies, we developed a framework that identifies the main features related to biosphere reserve management effectiveness
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Maslennikova, E. V., I. B. Sheburakov, and L. N. Tatarinova. "Analysis of the use of personnel reserves in the public administration system." RUDN Journal of Sociology 22, no. 2 (2022): 324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-2-324-336.

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The article considers approaches to the formation and use of personnel reserves in public administration and options for their development under the new social challenges. Based on a generalization of approaches to the formation of personnel reserves, the authors conduct a comparative analysis of management practices and sociological research, and identify conditions and factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of personnel reserves. The existing approaches to the formation and management of personnel reserves (normative, deficit, competence-based) do not allow an adequate response to
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ARKLINA, Anda, Kristine GRINBERGA, Nripendra SINGH, and Agita LIVINA. "Influence of Cognitive and Emotional Advertisements on Biosphere Reserve Image and Visitation Intention for Youth." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 6 (2020): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v11.6(46).09.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the role of the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve’s image (functional, symbolic and experiential) in building young visitors’ intentions to visit biosphere reserves. Integrated research methods were used. An online survey was conducted for data collection (n=295), and focus group discussions and observations (three groups - two from Latvia and one from Estonia) were conducted about youth traveling behavior in the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze data. Findings showed that the Nort
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Son, Byunghwan. "Democracy and Reserves." Foreign Policy Analysis 16, no. 3 (2019): 417–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz020.

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Abstract Does democracy affect foreign exchange reserves? This paper identifies four possible explanations for the determinants of foreign exchange reserves. Using the relationship between public goods provision and political regime types as a conceptual centerpiece, it offers a theoretical framework in which these four arguments are pit against each other. The “insurance” and “social cost” arguments posit monotonously positive and negative relationships between democracy and reserves, respectively, each citing democratic governments’ propensity to provide public goods such as financial stabil
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STUKEN, T. YU, N. V. MAKOVSKAYA, T. A. LAPINA, and O. S. KORZHOVA. "MIDDLE MANAGERS’ LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH RESERVES IN RUSSIAN AND BELARUSIAN ORGANIZATIONS." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Economics 20, no. 3 (2022): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2022.20(3).99-111.

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Currently the effectiveness of personnel is the most important factor in the success of the organization. That is why the assessment of factors and reserves for the growth of labor productivity is necessary for every organization. Special attention should be paid to the evaluation of middle managers activities. Until recently, there was an opinion that middle managers as a separate social group did not exist - it was believed that their functionality and social capital did not differ from the functionality and social capital of other managers. It has now been proven that middle managers are a
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Komissarov, Alexey, and Ilya Sheburakov. "PERSONNEL RESERVES IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM: EXPERIENCE AND NEW MEANINGS." Public Administration Issues, no. 1 (2024): 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2024-0-1-7-38.

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A scientific article is devoted to the formation of personnel reserves in the system of public power, understanding the conceptual foundations, parameters, and criteria that determine the effectiveness of their formation and use. Based on the analysis of managerial practices at both the federal and regional levels, key problem areas, factors and conditions that affect the processes of the institutionalization of personnel reserves are identified. The article presents the results of sociological research, an analysis of the practice of forming personnel reserves in the context of sociocultural
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Vaňová, Anna, Katarína Vitálišová, Darina Rojíková, and Dagmar Škvareninová. "Promotion of biosphere reserves: How to build awareness of their importance for sustainable development?" Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 11, no. 4 (2023): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2023-0023.

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Abstract The biosphere reserves are hybrid territories united protected and non-protected areas with the soft economic and social activities. They bring unique opportunities for local people, businesses and other relevant stakeholders. However, because of low public awareness the potential of some biosphere reserves, is not adequately utilized. This article addresses the research gap related to the identification of the importance of promoting the sustainable development of biosphere reserves and the possibilities of exploiting and enhancing their spatial development. The aim of the research w
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Ballantyne, Brian, Steve Rogers, and Peter Sullivan. "A Fabrick of Moderate Bulk: Tenure Reform, Jurisdictional Bounds and Parcel Renewal on First Nations’ Lands." GEOMATICA 66, no. 3 (2012): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5623/cig2012-039.

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Land tenure reform on First Nations’ Reserves is linked with surveys. Entry by a First Nation into the existing First Nations Lands Management regime requires that the external boundary of each Reserve be described; 45% of 192 descriptions have required a survey. First Nations entering the conceptual First Nations Property Ownership regime will require such a description; in addition, parcel fabric within each Reserve will be measured and renewed. Fabric quality is assessed with a Parcel Fabric Index (PFI) equation that compares improvements on the ground to formal parcels. The PFI allows comp
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Aizinova, I. M. "Social Reserves of Commodity Consumption." Studies on Russian Economic Development 31, no. 4 (2020): 366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1075700720040024.

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Lipow, Jonathan, and Jay Simon. "Military reserves and social welfare." Economics Letters 113, no. 3 (2011): 208–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2011.07.012.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social reserves"

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Ioris, Edviges Marta. "A forest of disputes struggles over spaces, resources, and social identities in Amazonia /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012680.

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Motala, Amina Sadiq. "Corporate social responsibility of private game reserves in the Eastern Cape Province." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004335.

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The primary aim of this research study was to determine the current state of practice of corporate social responsibility (CSR) within the ecotourism based private game reserve (PGR) industry in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. According to Carroll (1991) four kind of responsibilities constitute total CSR, namely economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities. Given the context of this research a fifth responsibility concerning environmental responsibilities was added to Carroll 's (1991) pyramid ofCSR. A descriptive and illustrative case study approach, within the phenom
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Stemberger, Sara <1990&gt. "The governance of UNESCO's transboundary biosphere reserves, social network analysis for resilience." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8897.

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Resilience emphasizes the capacities of a social-ecological system to deal with change, to recover, to adapt and to transform the system. Grounded by the work of Biggs et al., 2015, the resilience of a systems can be assessed and enhanced by the performance of seven principles. Environmental governance is one of resilience’s stepping stones, a provider of insights in conservation, sustainable livelihoods and local values. Social-ecological systems often encompass the frontiers between nations and UNESCO’s transboundary biosphere reserves may be examples of testing sites for sustainability, of
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Gentle, Louise Kate. "Fat load and social dominance in the great tit (Parus major)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365827.

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Strauss, Simon Yale. "Marginal protection : sustainable development, social resilience and migration within natural protected areas of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, central Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99609.

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Natural protected areas are places intended to protect nature, but it is now accepted that their social impact must be compatible with the ideals of 'sustainable development': they must conserve nature while improving, or at least not injuring, the socio-economic status of human communities. In Mexico, recent conservation policy has emphasized the creation of biosphere reserves, a type of protected area designed as a practical application of the concept of sustainable development. Previous research has shown that in Mexico and elsewhere, such reserves are often created in areas that are enviro
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White, Pamela Margaret. "Restructuring the domestic sphere : prairie Indian women on reserves : image, ideology and state policy, 1880-1930." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=113636.

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Note:<br>Images of Indian women shared by explorers and traders of the Northwest significantly infl uenced early Canadian government Indian policy. Under the policy of wardship, these images developed into stereotypical views. The government's goals of protection, civilization and assimilation, pertaining to Indian women residing on prairie reserves from 1880 to 1930, were to be accomplished by restructuring the domestic economy on reserve. Government and churches attempted to c hange this economy through formal instruction of Indian women in the domestic skills. Later, attempts were made to t
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Weigand, Ronaldo. "The social context of participation participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and the creation of a marine protected area in Bahia, Brazil /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000894.

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Jackson, Kellee, Pierre Johnson, and Melinda Jolley. "Strategic Methods in Community Engagement for UNESCO Biosphere Reserves." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4935.

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This research aimed to find strategic methods in community engagement related to regional sustainable development, specifically within the context of regions in Europe and North America that are applying for the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation. The Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development was presented as a planning framework that can fill gaps in the current Biosphere Reserve planning process. A tool for assessing community engagement based on the five Process Characteristics of transparency, cooperation, openness, inclusiveness, and involvement was created and used to explore com
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Ferdinand, Victoria Ugulumu. "The influence of introduced forest management practices on transformative social learning in a selected social-ecological forest community : a case of PFM and REDD projects at Pugu and Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserves in Tanzania." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020333.

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This research investigates the influence of introduced forest management approaches on transformative social learning in the community surrounding the Pugu and Kazimzumbwi forest reserves in Tanzania from 2000 to 2015. The term transformative social learning reflects an understanding of learning processes that emerge through conscious changes in the perspectives of individuals or communities while interacting with forest management practices. The investigation explores the learning (if any) that occurred in the community and how and why the learning occurred. It also explores whether the learn
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Freed, Sarah J. "Social-Ecological Dynamics of Coral Reef Resource Use and Management." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1106.

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This dissertation investigates social and ecological factors that facilitate effective management of coral reefs as social-ecological systems. Meta-analytical and field-based methods were employed to examine current management challenges and identify strategies that improve management effectiveness and coral reef health. A meta-analysis was used to evaluate biological indicators of reef health in relation to the types of fishing regulations in place (no-take areas, gear restriction areas, and periodic closures) and the actor groups (community-based, co-management, state, private) involved in m
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Books on the topic "Social reserves"

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Rodrik, Dani. The social cost of foreign exchange reserves. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Taylor, C. Nicholas. Social impacts of marine reserves in New Zealand. Dept. of Conservation, 2003.

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John, Aluma, ed. Settlement in forest reserves, game reserves, and national parks in Uganda: A study of social, economic, and tenure factors affecting land use and deforestation in Mabira Forest Reserve, Kibale Forest Reserve, and Kibale Game Reserve/Corridor. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Land Tenure Center, 1989.

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W, Aluma John R., and University of Wisconsin--Madison. Land Tenure Center., eds. Settlement in forest reserves, game reserves and national parks in Uganda: A study of social, economic, and tenure factors affecting land use and deforestation in Mabira Forest Reserve, Kibale Forest Reserve and Kibale Game Reserve Corridor. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Land Tenure Center, 1989.

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Everitt, John C. The economics and social viability of Indian reserves in Western Manitoba. Lakehead University Centre for Northern Studies, 1994.

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Ghimire, K. B. Social change and conservation. 2nd ed. Earthscan, 2009.

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Ghimire, K. B. Social change and conservation. 2nd ed. Earthscan, 2009.

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B, Ghimire K., and Pimbert Michel P, eds. Social change and conservation. 2nd ed. Earthscan, 2009.

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Nicolè, Simone. Studio sulle potenzialità d'integrazione sociale offerte da spazi naturali: Due esempi di progetti con persone disabili in Svizzera e Germania. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Dept. Wald-und Holzforschung, 1999.

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Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Information Quality and Research Directorate. Departmental Statistics Section., ed. Socio-economic indicators in Indian reserves and comparable communities, 1971-1991. Departmental Statistics, Dept. of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social reserves"

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Widmer, Eric D., Marie Baeriswyl, and Olga Ganjour. "Synthesis: Overcoming Vulnerability? The Constitution and Activation of Reserves throughout Life Trajectories." In Withstanding Vulnerability throughout Adult Life. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4567-0_19.

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AbstractThis chapter emphasize several dimensions of resources as reserves. Lifelong dynamics are crucial for the understanding of vulnerability development across adulthood. The chapters of this section all contribute empirically to the understanding of resource dynamics through the life course. They tackle important issues regarding long-term processes of resilience and vulnerability. They show the importance of developing a lifelong perspective on resources when dealing with various outcomes (i.e., health, well-being, income, social capital). The contributions highlight the existence of a d
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Oris, Michel, Marie Baeriswyl, Aline Duvoisin, et al. "On the Sociohistorical Construction of Social and Economic Reserves Across the Life Course and on Their Use in Old Age." In Withstanding Vulnerability throughout Adult Life. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4567-0_17.

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AbstractCoherently with the life course perspective that studies individual life trajectories embedded in sociohistorical changes, this chapter offers a synthesis on the long-term dynamics of vulnerabilities in old age that are associated with a deficit of reserves. In a first time, we investigate how economic, social and health reserves have been unevenly constructed across long lives. The impact of social stratification in the early stage of life, the institutionalization of the life courses and the process of accumulating (dis)advantages are confronted. In a second time, we show how the res
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Donevska, Natasha. "Transforming social-ecological systems." In Participatory Governance of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Canada and Israel. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003054177-2.

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Sacchetti, Silvia, and Colin Campbell. "Social Regeneration and Environmental Sustainability in Biosphere Reserves 1." In Social Regeneration and Local Development. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315302478-14.

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Cisani, Margherita. "Transcending nature conservation in Italian UNESCO biosphere reserves." In Critical Perspectives on Social Constructions of Nature. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003465164-4.

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Jeya, Balakrishna. "Veterans and Reserves Mental Health Programme for British Forces." In Military Veteran Psychological Health and Social Care. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315195117-7.

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Mitchell, Michael D., Walter E. Beyeler, Matthew Antognoli, Marshall A. Kuypers, and Robert J. Glass. "A Policy of Strategic Petroleum Market Reserves." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03473-7_21.

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Herold, Nastasia. "Cultural Challenges for School and Social Participation in Canada's Indigenous Reserves." In European Perspectives on Inclusive Education in Canada. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003204572-13.

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Herold, Nastasia. "Cultural Challenges for School and Social Participation in Canada's Indigenous Reserves." In European Perspectives on Inclusive Education in Canada. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003204572-13.

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Reed, Maureen G., and Paivi Abernethy. "Social Learning Driven by Collaboration in the Canadian Network of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves." In Ecological Research Monographs. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2327-0_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social reserves"

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Kamil, Indriyati, Oekan S. Abdoellah, Herlina Agustin, and Iriana Bakti. "Communication Model for Management Synergy of Nature Reserves." In 2nd Social and Humaniora Research Symposium (SoRes 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200225.096.

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Mohd Tahir, Henny Hazliza, Rosmawati Haron, Mohd Halim Kadri, and Muhd Kamil Ibrahim. "Empirical evidence of hidden reserves movement in Malaysia." In 2010 International Conference on Science and Social Research (CSSR). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cssr.2010.5773791.

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Plastinin, A. "Economic Aspect Of Russian Arctic Shelf Hydrocarbon Reserves Assessment." In RPTSS 2018 - International Conference on Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences. Cognitive-Crcs, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.12.116.

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Banda, M. E. Yanez, Z. J. Johan, A. Dubois, D. H. Abang, and N. Musa. "Re-Skilling Young Sarawak's Talents into Oil and Gas Workforce, A Noble Social Engagement to the Community." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216163-ms.

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Abstract Sarawak, a state in Malaysia has long been the key contributor to probable and proven (2P) Petroleum reserves, in which the state bearing and account to 60.8% of total National reserves. Known for its untapped reserves and with sturdy relationship with partners and investors to spur growth to national economy for decades, now it just the right time for the State to focus on its social contribution to Sarawak's young talents in the energy industry.
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Shatalova, Lyudmila. "HIDDEN RESERVES OF PRECEDENT UNITS IN MODERN RUSSIAN MEDIA TEXTS." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/3.6/s14.033.

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Ma, Shaokang, and Yixin Liu. "Discussion on Moderate Size of Foreign Exchange Reserves in Our Country." In 2018 International Conference on Management, Economics, Education and Social Sciences (MEESS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meess-18.2018.60.

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Singingi, Kuantan, Andri Satria, Moris Adidi Yogia, et al. "Leadership of Tourism and Culture Department in Development of Cultural Reserves at District." In 2nd International Conference on Social Sciences Education (ICSSE 2020). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210222.047.

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Xiong, Jian, and Haizhou Xiong. "Research on the Exploitation of Sports Tourism Resources in National Nature Reserves." In 2016 International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-16.2016.34.

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Kirjanen, A. "ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ: ПОДХОДЫ И КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ". У Perspektivy social`no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiia prigranichnyh regionov 2019. Институт экономики - обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра "Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36867/br.2019.77.92.021.

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Вопросы несбалансированности региональных бюджетов ставят задачу выявления внутренних резервов развития, что требует наличия выстроенной системы стратегического, включая долгосрочное бюджетное, планирования. Ввиду отсутствия единых подходов к осуществлению процесса прогнозирования, необходим анализ регионального опыта. The Issues of imbalance of regional budgets pose the problem of identifying internal reserves of development, which requires a system of strategic, including longterm budget, planning. Due to the lack of common approaches to building the forecasting process, it is necessary to a
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Garayeva, Narmina, Gasham Zeynalov, Elkhan Ahmadov, Agarza Hajiyev, Farid Rahimov, and Aida Aslanova. "The UNFC Concept and the Possibility of its Application in Azerbaijan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207055-ms.

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Abstract Moving towards sustainable development, Azerbaijan joining SDG Agenda 2030 adheres to the policy of developing both hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon resources for economic diversification. At the same time, efficient resource management becomes a vital process at the governmental and transnational companies’ levels. Therefore, a competent classification and structuring of all reserves and resources will be inevitable soon to improve their accurate estimates and effective management in various aspects, including resource availability, technical feasibility, and environmental-socio-econo
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Reports on the topic "Social reserves"

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Rodrik, Dani. The Social Cost of Foreign Exchange Reserves. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11952.

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Unthan, Nils, and Jacob Heuser. Creative Approaches for socio-ecological transitions (CRAFT): A comparative study of rural-peripheral biosphere reserves as drivers of social innovations - ABSCHLUSSBERICHT -. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/mab-craft.

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Der vorliegende Bericht bildet den formalen Abschluss des durch die Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW) und der Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) geförderten Forschungsprojekts Creative Approaches for socio-ecological transitions (CRAFT): A comparative study of rural-peripheral biosphere reserves as drivers of social innovations. Der Bericht behinhaltet Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen der mehrjährigen Forschungsarbeiten der Forschenden der Universität Innsbruck, der Zürcher Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften und der Zusammenarbeit mit den Praxispartnern, de
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Garrido, Isabel, and Irune Solera. Has the 2021 general SDR allocation been useful? For what and for whom? Banco de España, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/33423.

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In the face of the COVID-19 crisis, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), other multilateral institutions and countries took unprecedented measures. Inter alia, the IMF agreed on an historical SDR allocation that more than tripled the volume of SDRs to cover long-term global reserve needs and ultimately support vulnerable countries. Member countries can keep SDRs to boost their reserves or use them in other ways, including to cancel their debts with the IMF, lend to the IMF or exchange SDRs for currencies. This document evaluates how members have used the 2021 SDR allocation. The findings sho
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Soltész, Béla. Oil Production in Latin America and the Russo-Ukrainian War (Part II). Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2023.04.

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Latin America has almost one-fourth of the world’s oil reserves, although due to the socio-economic collapse of Venezuela, the main producer country, these reserves have been underused for a decade. Other countries, like Mexico and Brazil, are stable producers and exporters, but the ownership of their national oil companies is subject to heated political debates, while the discovery of new oil fields in Guyana might put this tiny country on the list of the biggest producers. This varied landscape of oil reserves and actual production may be changed fundamentally by the Western sanctions that w
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Soltész, Béla. Oil Production in Latin America and the Russo-Ukrainian War (Part I). Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2023.02.

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Latin America has almost one-fourth of the world’s oil reserves, although due to the socio-economic collapse of Venezuela, the main producer country, these reserves have been underused for a decade. Other countries, like Mexico and Brazil, are stable producers and exporters, but the ownership of their national oil companies is subject to heated political debates, while the discovery of new oil fields in Guyana might put this tiny country on the list of the biggest producers. This varied landscape of oil reserves and actual production may be changed fundamentally by the Western sanctions that w
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Walter, Martin. Extractives in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Basics. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009268.

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This note provides a snapshot of key indicators of the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) extractives sector: the basic elements underpinning current debates. The first section examines LAC reserves and production of hydrocarbons and minerals. The second section explores recent market and investment trends, considering its effects on LAC economies. The final section concludes noting emerging social transformations in the sector and the need to foster a sense of shared responsibility among stakeholders.
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Guevara-Castañeda, Diego Alejandro, Leonardo Villar-Gómez, Olga Lucía Acosta-Navarro, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia, February 2025. Banco de la República, 2025. https://doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.01-2025.

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In 2024, the macroeconomic adjustment process continued, characterized by a sustained reduction in inflation that began in 2023 and a decline in the current account deficit of the balance of payments. This adjustment took place in the context of a contractionary monetary policy, with a gradual reduction in the monetary policy interest rate. GDP grew by 1.7%, driven by investment and consumption, while employment increased by 2.2%. Foreign reserves remained at adequate levels, and Banco de la República recorded a profit of COP 10,041 billion, benefiting from the returns on foreign reserves. Mac
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Al-Suwailem, Sami. Social Cryptocurrency. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/re24017.

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Money is at the heart of any financial system. It is the “joints” that link markets across space and time. As long as money performs its functions, markets tend to allocate resources efficiently and allow participants to be more productive and therefore more prosperous. As money is a prerequisite for the normal functioning of markets, it cannot itself be part of the market. Money, thus, cannot as such be a source of income or profit. This is one reason why all divine faiths prohibit usury. Cryptocurrencies were invented supposedly to avoid the ills associated with the fractional reserve system
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Costantini, Orsola, and Carlo D’Ippoliti. Mapping fragility – Functions of wealth and social classes in U.S. household finance. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp215.

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Which households are more exposed to financial risk and to what extent is their debt systemically relevant? To provide an answer, we advance a new classification of the population, adapted from Fessler and Schürz (2017), based on the type of wealth families own and their sources of income. Then, we investigate data from eleven waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), a triennial survey run by the U.S. Federal Reserve, to explore the association of different debt configurations and motives to get into debt with our class distinctions. Our new approach allows us to assess competing hypot
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Toro, Jorge, ed. Criterios de sostenibilidad ambiental, social y de gobernanza en la inversión de las reservas internacionales. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/blog14062022.

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