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Dahdouli, Mona, and Heba El-Janoudi. "English reading instruction and comprehension in grade 6." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35611.
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The aim of this degree project is to examine how three 6th grade teachers implement reading instruction in their lessons. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate how they describe their work with reading comprehension. Our investigation is based on qualitative semi- structured interviews and observations. The results indicate that teachers do not explicitly teach reading strategies. Furthermore, teachers showed an awareness of students’ interests and took them into consideration during the lessons. For instance, the teachers argued that in order to motivate students to read, they must be provided with interesting texts. The findings also showed that all teachers emphasizes vocabulary and they argue that the bigger the vocabulary is, the more effortless reading becomes.
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Walldén, Oscar, and Vendela Grahm. "The Effectiveness of Reading and Listening to Children’s Literature on English L2 Reading Comprehension." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34520.
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This study investigates the effectiveness of children’s literature on English reading comprehension in an L2 classroom context. Children’s literature has a major part in teaching L1 in Swedish primary schools, and although it is a trustworthy method in developing reading comprehension skills, it is not used to any great extent in the English education. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine to what extent reading comprehension is fostered by using children’s literature from a second language perspective. Previous experimental research has, however, shown positive results on children’s literature as a means for teaching L2 reading comprehension. In this research synthesis, we will critically analyse, compare and discuss published research based on empirical data to provide and present the reign believes in children’s literature on L2 reading comprehension enhancement. Based on the findings presented in this paper there is a correspondence between the usage of children's literature and positive results in L2 reading comprehension development. However, solely reading children’s literature might not be the most efficient method in enhancing L2 reading comprehension. Based on the findings presented in this study listening to the text whilst reading can to a greater extent improve on listening comprehension results, which can be connected to the theory of Dual Coding (Paivio, 1986). Furthermore, no research on this area has been done in a Swedish context, which indicates that further research needs to be done in order for the results to be more applicable to our future profession.
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Brewer, Robert Lee. "The effect on comprehension of teaching selected vocabulary prior to reading an eleventh grade social studies passage." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/435170.
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This study was conducted to determine the affect on comprehension of teaching selected key vocabulary words prior to reading an eleventh grade social studies passage. Four hypotheses were stated and the .05 level of confidence was used as the criterion for acceptance or rejection.Data for the study were collected from 143 students in six eleventh grade social studies classes. All students in the study were asked to read the same social studies passage. Students in the treatment group were given vocabulary instruction; students in the control group were given no vocabulary instruction. Upon completion of the reading assignment all students were asked to answer sixteen multiple choice questions. The questions were classified as vocabulary specific and general.The sum of the means for specific and general questions and the difference between the means of specific and general questions were calculated in order to determine if differences between the treatment group and control group could be attributed to the question type. A multivariate and a univariate analysis were applied to the data collected for the study.Hypothesis 1, which stated that there is no significant difference between the comprehension scores of the social studies class which receives vocabulary instruction and the social studies class which receives no instruction, was rejected. Vocabulary instruction improved scores for students in the treatment group. Hypothesis 2 which stated that there is no significant mean difference among the gains in comprehension scores of the social studies students classified as high, medium, or low was accepted. There was no significant difference in the gains in comprehension for students of varying vocabulary development. Hypothesis 3, which stated that there is no significant mean difference between the number of correctly answered vocabulary specific questions and the number of correctly answered general questions, was rejected. Students scored higher on the vocabulary specific questions. Hypothesis 4 which stated that there is no significant mean difference between the comprehension scores of the male and female social studies students was accepted. The vocabulary instruction did not result in a significant difference in comprehension between male and female subjects.
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Dong, Bijin. "A Content Validity Study of TEM-8 Reading Comprehension (2008-2010)." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8329.
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TEM-8 (Test for English Majors, Band 8) is a large-scale nationwide standard test for English majors in China. It has been increasingly recognized in China and has already become one of the criteria for judging English teaching and learning in China. It is necessary to pay more attention to its development. Meanwhile, reading comprehension is regarded as vitally important in acquiring a language. It is worthy investigating how to measure reading comprehension ability accurately and properly in language testing and whether reading comprehension in TEM-8 can reflect the test-taker’s reading ability. This thesis analyzes the content validity of the reading comprehension part of TEM-8 from 2008 to 2010 in terms of the new framework of task characteristics revised from Bachman and Palmer’s framework (1996: 49), and in accordance with The Teaching Syllabus for TEM-8 and The 2004 Test Syllabus for TEM-8. This study has shown that TEM-8 reading comprehension part has relatively high content validity, basically corresponding to the requirements in the teaching syllabus and test syllabus. However, there are some deficiencies influencing the content validity of TEM-8, such as limited test method, limited data recources and time. Key words: TEM-8, Reading Comprehension, Content validity
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Klein, Carolyn. "The effects of ability and prior knowledge on recall in social studies /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59444.
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This research examined the influence of ability, prior knowledge and knowledge of text structure on expository history text corpora comprehension using a quasi-representative research paradigm. Sixty grade eight students participated in two history units. Hypotheses that ability, prior knowledge and knowledge of text structure would significantly influence performance in terms of the amount and organization of information presented on various measures were supported for the Ancient Man unit only. No interactions between the independent variables arose. The lack of significant findings for the Ancient Egypt unit is explained by poor text corpus organization and weak text structure. The findings suggest that teachers can facilitate students' comprehension of an expository text corpus by providing appropriate background knowledge of content and strategies for recognizing and utilizing text structure. Further, teachers should consider the organization of a textbook or corpus, and when necessary manipulate the materials to improve their structure and comprehensibility.
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Dynesius, Sara. "The joy of reading to the dog." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-28804.
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Läsningen är en viktig färdighet för att kunna fungera och ta del av samhället. Läsningen lärs ut i en tidig ålder men det är dock inte alla som har positiva upplevelser av läsningen. Många elever möter stora svårigheter och utmaningar i sin läsning, vilket kan bidra till en förminskad tilltro till läsandet. En förminskad tilltro kan bidra till en negativ spiral av elevens läsupplevelse och den riskerar att eleven inte vill läsa eller ta del av textvärlden. Goda läskunskaper är en viktig grund för att eleven ska kunna fungera i samhället. Ett arbetssätt som möter och arbetar med elevers läsning är läshund och pedagogisk tjänstehund. Läshund är en hund som är specialutbildad och används som pedagogisk resurs i arbetet med elevers läsning. Elever läser för läshunden medan hunden sitter bredvid och lyssnar. Även pedagogisk tjänstehund kan användas i arbetet med elevers läsning, dock med större fokus på elevers kognitiva förmågor (Skolan för Pedagogiska Tjänstehundar).Syftet med studien är att få kunskap om hur elevers läsning med läshund kan påverka deras upplevelse av läsning. Tidigare forskning visar att läshund har positiv påverkan på elevers läsning gällande självförtroende, självkänsla och motivation. Forskningen lyfter också fram betydelsen av relationen mellan hund och läsare. Det teoretiska perspektivet som forskningen utgår ifrån är det sociokulturella perspektivet, med fokus på att vi lär oss när vi kommunicerar och samspelar med varandra. Metoden som valdes var intervjuer med elever där ljudinspelning användes i syfte att säkerhetsställa empirin. En observation genomfördes också som ett komplement till intervjuerna. Informationen från intervjuer och tidigare forskning visar att arbete med hundar, som en pedagogisk resurs för elever, bidrar till ett positivt förhållningssätt till läsning. Resultatet visar även att motivationen för att läsa fler texter ökar i samverkan med läshund.
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Yilik, Mehmet Ali. "The Effects Of Varied Text Structures And Response Formats On The Reading Comprehension." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607950/index.pdf.
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This research study examines the effects of varied text structures and response formats on Turkish university students&rsquo<br>reading comprehension test performance. More precisely, it deals with investigating the effects of awareness of rhetorical organization on reading comprehension and on testing of comprehension through different procedures.
First, a short review of the relevant research on the text structure and response formats and their effects on reading comprehension is presented. Then, the results of a reading experiment are given. In this experiment, four groups of upper-intermediate level EFL students (100 students) read two English passages written in &ldquo<br>description&rdquo<br>and &ldquo<br>cause-effect&rdquo<br>rhetorical organization formats. Then, their comprehension of the texts was tested through a cloze procedure and a multiple choice test. The tests were carried out on first year university students from different departments at the English Language Department of BaSkent University during the 2006-2007 Academic Year Fall Semester.
After the research period finished, the data collected throughout the research period were transferred into MS Excel and SPSS spreadsheets and analyzed using the statistical procedure of the paired samples t-test. Relying on the analysis of the data, the hypotheses formulated for the study were weighed against the results in order to see if they were confirmed or rejected.
The study showed significant difference between the varied text structures and subjects&rsquo<br>reading comprehension test performance. However, there was not any significant difference between the different response formats and the subjects&rsquo<br>reading comprehension test performance. Finally, the thesis ends with an interpretation and discussion of the results of the study.
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Feldt, Zanna, and Erik Mekkelholt. "Different Methods and Strategies to Aid Reading for Pupils Affected by ADHD." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34281.
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This study investigates the effectiveness of different methods and strategies to aid reading for pupils affected by ADHD. According to recent studies, 1-2 pupils are affected by ADHD in the classrooms (Lenard, Lorch, Milich & Hagans, 2008). Furthermore, these pupils are at a higher risk of falling behind their peers (Zentall,1993). Different factors contribute to these results, but one factor may be that the methods and strategies used for ADHD pupils are not sufficient. Furthermore, they might not even be used correctly or used at all. Additionally, there are precise results that some methods show a positive outcome, while others are lacking in the result area. We will, therefore, explore what methods are more considerable and which ones are worse and how the notable the results are. We also investigate the viability of these methods correlation to our age group and how viable in the classroom.
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Ruffner, Tacey L. "A study of time orientation, temporal integration and reading comprehension: Back to the future." Scholarly Commons, 1993. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2940.
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Problem. Lower-track high school students' combination of poor reading comprehension, present time orientation and shortened temporal integration is an area that has been identified in a range of divergent literature, but little studied in terms of educational practice. Previous research into time orientation and temporal integration has failed to investigate a connection with reading comprehension. Purpose. The purpose was to determine if there is a relationship between time orientation, temporal integration, reading achievement/high school track level and reading comprehension. Procedures. Two measures, a Time Orientation Questionnaire and a Cloze Test of Reading Comprehension, previously identified and pilot tested, were employed. One class in each of four track levels (College Preparatory, General, Remedial and ESL) at two high schools was tested. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings. The utility of the two measures was validated by this study. The data indicate that track placement affected 63% of the verb tense items reflecting time orientation on the Cloze Test, and 55% of the verb tense items reflecting temporal integration. The Cloze Test of Reading Comprehension differentiated among the four track levels of reading ability, and showed that there are temporal factors which are involved. These temporal factors have not been understood as elements which mediate between levels of reading comprehension. In addition, track placement affected 35% of the responses on the Time Orientation Questionnaire, which addressed future and present time orientations. Recommendations. The educational problem is how to accomplish temporal intervention by teaching about a broad range of temporality: (1) The teaching should focus on establishing a sense of the future, by starting from the present and incorporating the definite (past tense) and then the indefinite past (present perfect tense) in both teacher-student interactions and reading comprehension materials. (2) The primary vehicle is language and temporally-designed reading comprehension materials throughout the high school curriculum, indicating that a temporally-sophisticated curriculum can be designed to meet the needs of at-risk students.
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Wixtröm, Fanny. "Att utveckla läsförståelse : En kvalitativ studie om lärares uppfattningar om läsförståelse och läsförståelseundervisning i årskurserna F-3." Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53506.
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Läsförståelse är en komplex färdighet beroende av flera samspelande förmågor. Lärares uppfattningar om hur läsförståelseundervisning kan utformas i praktiken i relation till elevers olika utvecklingsstadier är en avgörande faktor för elevers läsförståelseutveckling (Jönsson, 2007). I tidigare forskning framgår vilka förmågor som krävs för fullständig läsförståelse, och hur förmågorna kan undervisas i praktiken. Däremot saknas forskning om lärares uppfattningar av arbete med läsförståelse i klassrumskontext. Inte minst saknas lärares uppfattningar av arbete med läsförståelse ur ett helhetsperspektiv och hur lärarna går tillväga för att forma läsförståelsearbetet likvärdigt i relation till elevers skilda utvecklingsstadier. Syftet med föreliggande studie är därför att beskriva verksamma lågstadielärares uppfattningar om läsförståelseoch den undervisningspraktik som bedrivs för att utveckla elevers läsförståelse. Studiens syfte uppnås genom frågeställningarna: · Hur uppfattar verksamma lågstadielärare begreppet läsförståelse i F-3? · Vilka arbetssätt beskriver och motiverar lågstadielärare att de använder för att utveckla elevers läsförståelse i F-3? · Vilka aspekter beskriver lågstadielärare som särskilt viktiga i samband med arbetssätt för läsförståelse i F-3? Materialinsamlingen genomfördes genom tre semistrukturerade fokusgruppsintervjuer med sex verksamma lågstadielärare. Denna kvalitativa studie utgår från ett fokus på lärares uppfattningar. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgår från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. I resultatet framgår att läsförståelse uppfattas som samspelande förmågor som inkluderar bland annat avkodning och inferensskapanden av textinnehållet. Resultatet visar lärarnas uppfattningar av arbetssätt för att utveckla läsförståelse, vilka motiveras och beskrivs i form av bland annat variationen av högläsning, textsamtal, en läsande klass, parläsning, och textkort. Arbetssätten beskrivs möjliggöra utveckling utifrån varierade kunskapsnivåer och utvecklingsstadier. I samband med arbetssätten har läraren en avgörande roll, där textval i relation till elevgrupp i samband med arbetssätten är en betydande faktor.<br>Reading comprehension is a complex skill depending on several interacting abilities. Teachers' perceptions of how reading comprehension teaching can be designed in practice relative to students' different developmental stages are a decisive factor for students' reading comprehension development (Jönsson, 2007). Previous research emphasizes which abilities are required for fully developed reading comprehension, and to some extent how these separate abilities can be taught in practice. However, there is a lack of research on teachers' perceptions regarding reading comprehension teaching in the classroom context. There is also a lack of research on teachers' perceptions of reading comprehension from a holistic perspective and how teachers create equitable reading comprehension teaching relative to students' different stages of development. The purpose of the present study is therefore to describe primary school teachers' perceptions of reading comprehension and the teaching practice that is conducted to develop students' reading comprehension. The purpose of the study is achieved through the questions: · How does primary school teachers perceive the concept of reading comprehension in grades F-3? · What working methods do the primary school teachers describe and motivate that they use to develop students' reading comprehension in grades F-3? · What aspects do primary school teachers describe as particularly important in conjunction with working methods for reading comprehension in grades F-3? The data collection was carried out through three semi-structured focus group interviews with six primary school teachers. This qualitative study is focusing on teachers' perceptions. The theoretical framework of the study is based on a sociocultural perspective. The results show that reading comprehension is perceived as interacting abilities that include decoding and inference creation. The results show the teachers’ perceptions of working methods for developing reading comprehension, which are motivated and described by the variation of reading aloud, text talks, a reading class,reading in pairs, and text cards.The teachers describe that the working methods enable development based on varied levels of knowledge and stages of development. In connection with the working methods, the teacher has a decisive role, where text choice relative to the student group in connection with the working methods is a significant factor.
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Rosell, Larsson Lena. ""En kväll på hotell" Bilders betydelse för läsförståelsen hos vuxna andraspråksinlärare på Sfi. "One night at a hotel" Images and their contribution to reading comprehension when learning a secons language as an adult." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-36089.
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Mot bakgrund av dagens läroplaners betoning av att elever inom olika utbildningsnivåer och från olika kulturella kontexter ska kunna tillgodogöra sig information i text och bild inom olika ämnen, är syftet för denna uppsats att undersöka bilders betydelse för lärsförståelsen hos vuxna andraspråksinlärare i Sfi - svenskundervisning för invandrare. Metoden jag använt mig av är en kvalitativ metod med uppföljande individuella intervjuer. Informanterna delades upp i två grupper av vilka den ena gruppen fick läsa en text med tillhörande bilder samtidigt som den andra gruppen fick läsa motsvarande text men utan bilder. Efter läsningen fick samtliga informanter svara på ett antal övningsuppgifter till texten. Resultatet visade sig bli att de informanter som läst texten med bilder fick ett bättre utfall på övningsuppgifterna än de som läst texten utan bilder. Resultatet visade sig även ligga i linje med tidigare forskning som gjorts i området; forskning som bl.a. visar på att om det finns redundans mellan text och bild så bidrar detta till en bättre förståelse av innehållet i texten men även i bilderna - framförallt i pedagogiska läromedel.<br>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the meaning of images for reading comprehension within adult second-language education "Sfi- svenskundervisning för invandrare" i.e. Swedish language teaching for immigrants. Today's teaching programmes outlines that students from different cultural contexts and educational levels should be able to comprehend information in both written texts, from images and also within different topics. In order to achive my results I have used a qualitative method, followed by individual interviews. Initially the informants were divided into two groups of which one group read a text accompanied with pictures while the other group read the same text but without the pictures. After reading, the informants were asked questions relating to the text they had just read.The results showed that the informants who had been reading the text along side with the pictures reached better results than the informants who had read the same text without the pictures. The result also showed to be corresponding to previous research findings within the area, wich shows that if there is clarity between picture and text, the picture will contribute to a better coprehension of the text as well as a better comprehension of the content of the picture; particularly regarding pedagogical teaching materials.
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Cox, Linda Carol. "Teaching vocabulary through integrated curriculum improves reading comprehension." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2626.
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This investigation was designed to determine if teaching vocabulary through integrating English and Social Studies curricula would provide tenth grade students who are poor readers with strategies to improve their reading comprehension. The strategies used were designed to support struggling readers and English language development students to connect denotative and connotative meanings of words found in the novel Animal Farm to their social studies class' content.
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Jansson, David. "Do I Teach What I Preach? A study on teachers’ beliefs and classroom practise for reading and reading strategies." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33552.
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To operate in our modern society an individual need to possess a well-rounded reading ability, and to know of and use reading strategies is crucial for learners to develop this ability. The present study sets out to explore the beliefs of Swedish English teachers regarding the significance of reading and reading strategies. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate to what extent their classroom practice of teaching explicit reading strategies instructions is consistent with their beliefs. In this qualitative study, four 7-9 English teachers and two student groups participated. These come from two Swedish schools with different social-economic backgrounds. The data was collected by conducting content analysis of the teachers' lesson plans and conducting semi-structured interviews with both the teachers and students. The results show that the teachers express positive attitude to reading and reading strategies as they believe that these constitute essential elements in the communicative classroom. However, the results also indicate that the teachers’ actual classroom practice for reading strategies is not always consistent with their beliefs: for example, despite all teachers being positive to reading and reading strategies’ instruction, only the teachers from the school with lower social-economic background provide reading strategies’ instruction explicitly. Further, the results indicate that factors such as the teachers’ theoretical conceptions, time contraints, student composition and proficiency level, the school’s socio-economic background are the reasons for the teachers including explicit reading strategies’ instruction in their repertoire.
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Yu, Huiping. "Exploring Teachers’ Personal Practical Knowledge about Teaching Reading Comprehension in English : A Study of Teacher Knowledge at a University in China." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8241.
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Teachers’ personal practical knowledge is the knowledge of teachers which is principally known and produced by teachers themselves. Greatly inspired by Meijer, Verloop and Beijaard (1999), this study uses a questionnaire and an interview to continue the line of their investigation. The study aims to describe and illustrate the content of 13 teachers’ personal practical knowledge about teaching reading comprehension to non-English majors at a university in China. The study is also to examine similarities (shared knowledge) and differences in teacher knowledge, and potentially relevant background variables in it. As a result, detailed information about these teachers’ personal practical knowledge about teaching reading comprehension has been found. Meijer et al. (1999) could not find shared knowledge by investigating teachers from different schools. In this study, by investigating teachers from the same school, shared knowledge could not be found either. Thus, by comparing these teachers’ personal practical knowledge, they can be classified into three groups: subject-matter-oriented, student-oriented and student-learning-oriented teachers. Each group is illustrated by describing one teacher’s knowledge as a typical example. Moreover, six potentially relevant background variables are discussed in this study. By matching the six background variables to the responses of these teachers, three patterns in potentially relevant background variables have been developed: professional-growth teachers, student-centered teachers, and authority-maintaining teachers.
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Baysinger, Kristi M. "Using readers theater to improve reading comprehension and reader self-efficacy in elementary students." Scholarly Commons, 2005. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/615.
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Previous research provides support for the use of Readers Theater as a way to teach literacy and improve reading comprehension. Readers Theater involves listening to a story, engaging in repeated readings of the story, and performing the story using vocal intonation, reading rate, facial expressions, and body movements to accurately portray the meaning of each line. An empirical demonstration of the effect of Readers Theater on reader self-efficacy has yet to occur. Further, previous research rarely evaluated the magnitude of improvements associated with Readers Theater with the magnitude of improvements associated with maturation and traditional classroom instruction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a Readers Theater intervention on improving reading comprehension and reader self-efficacy in elementary students, beyond that related to maturation or traditional classroom instruction. It was expected that participants receiving the Readers Theater intervention would exhibit greater improvements in reading comprehension and reader self-efficacy when compared to a control group. It was also anticipated that when the second group received the intervention, the findings would be replicated. Participants were 24 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders. Results support the use of Readers Theater as a supplemental technique for reading instruction. Participants displayed some improvements in reading comprehension and various aspects of reader self-efficacy. Further research is needed to extend the findings to a larger population and refine techniques to maximize benefits.
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Kaminski, Tomas. "Do they understand?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30833.
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The aim of this paper is to investigate students’ understanding of the learning requirements for grade E in English in year 9 at a secondary school in the south of Sweden. Additionally, the student’s teacher is also interviewed to provide a context and setting for the study. The student data was conducted using open-ended questionnaires while the teacher was interviewed using a semi-structured qualitative approach. In their responses to the questionnaire, the students showed different degrees of understanding of parts of the syllabus. Some students were able to answer all questions and were capable to express themselves, however some students did not answer all the questions. Furthermore, a majority of the students felt that the language in the syllabus was difficult to understand. The teacher believed that the language in Lgr11 makes it difficult for students to understand the text. Additionally, she believed that the language is difficult even for teachers.
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Gamez, Octavio Rodolfo. "The effectiveness of direct vocabulary instruction strategies to increase the comprehension of fifth grade students during social studies lessons." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3050.
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Designed to answer the overarching question: does the implementation of direct vocabulary instruction strategies improve the comprehension of fifth grade students during the social studies lessons? The study included three fifth grade classes in the Corona-Norco Unified School District. To answer the question seven areas were considered: lesson selection, word selection, developing a vocabulary note guide, developing the test with a rubric, making handouts with critical analysis questions, designing semantic maps and semantic feature analysis handouts of the lesson design. Results showed that students who received the direct instruction in vocabulary words benefited greatly and in most cases doubled their score from the pretest to the posttest. The control group showed minimal to no growth from the pretest to the posttest.
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Celep, Agrali Ebru. "Läsförståelse med lässvaga elever : En kvalitativ studie om hur fyra SO-lärare i grundskolans mellanår arbetar i läsförståelse för att stödja elever med lässvårigheter." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39720.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate how four different teachers in the social sciences subjects in elementary school work with reading comprehension to support their pupils with reading difficulties. The research questions for this study are: Which structures do the teachers in social sciences subject use to support pupils with reading difficulties? How do the teachers in social sciences subject describe the concept of reading difficulties? What additional support do the pupils with reading difficulties receive? Two methods have been used to answer the research questions. Four teachers were interviewed and observed. Lev Vygotskij’s sociocultural perspective was used for the theoretical point of the study. The results of this study show that the four teachers all use similar methods to help pupils’ develop their reading skills. They work to develop pupils’ vocabulary range by for example supporting structures such as text calls. When the four teachers described the concept of reading difficulties, they all mentioned dyslexia as a common cause of reading difficulties. In addition, the four teachers mentioned that pupils receive additional support from special needs teachers who help them.
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Peci, Florina, and Johanna Christensson. "Läsförståelsens viktiga roll : En undersökning av hur fyra lärare i årskurs tre arbetar med att främja elevers läsförståelse." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105465.
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Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur fyra lärare arbetar för att främja elevers läsförståelse inom skönlitteratur i ämnet svenska i årskurs 3. Vi har använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer och våra informanter består av fyra pedagoger som är verksamma i årskurs 3. I vår teoretiska ram har vi använt oss av Lev Vygotsky, Roger Säljö, Anders Jakobsson, Judith Langer och Barbro Westlund. Vårt resultat bygger på dessa teorier samt tidigare forskning, som omfattar läsförståelse i undervisningen. I resultatet framkom det att våra informanter aktivt arbetar med läsförståelse och främjar det på olika sätt. Det visade sig att högläsning är en metod som förekom ofta i klassrummen samt betydelsen av den. Även vikten av modellering hos lärarna av lässtrategier har visat sig ha en positiv inverkan på elevers utveckling av läsförståelse. Det visade sig även att inre och yttre motivation för läsningen förekom i alla klassrum men på olika sätt, vilket har en stor betydelse för läsförmågan. Genom att alla de intervjuade lärarna stöttar elever med hjälp av olika verktyg hjälper de eleverna vidare i sin läsutveckling.
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Segerstedt, Anna, and Therese Westerlund. ""När jag blir stor kan jag läsa Mamma Mu själv" : Pedagogers och elevers erfarenheter av elevinflytande genom läsundervisningens sammanhang i grundsärskolan." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-156429.
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Genom studiens syfte, att beskriva och analysera förutsättningar för elevers inflytande i grundsärskolan och hur detta kommer till uttryck i läsundervisningen, vill vi bidra till ökad kunskap. Bakgrund och tidigare forskning behandlar förutsättningar och hinder för inflytande, språkutveckling, läsinlärning, läsförståelse samt för undersökt kommun tongivande metoder för läsinlärning och läsförståelse. Studiens empiriska data samlades in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tolv pedagoger, samtliga verksamma inom grundsärskolan samt elva elevenkäter. Som teoretisk ansats användes sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande. Resultatet pekar på att elevinflytande till stor del handlar om individanpassad undervisning baserad på elevens intressen, att goda möjligheter finns att ge elever inflytande samtidigt som det upplevs som en svårighet att synliggöra elevinflytandet för eleverna, samt att tolka elevers kommunikation gällande intentioner och önskningar i läsundervisningen. Starkt tongivande i pedagogernas resonemang, både om elevinflytande och läsundervisning var vikten av att samarbeta med grundskolans elever; dels som förebilder och dels som en källa till lärande. Gemenskapen och samspelet som framgångsfaktorer för lärande påpekades mångfaldigt, men också de kommunikativa vinsterna med att låta elever med olika förutsättningar lära tillsammans och vara resurser för varandras lärande. Vad gäller elevers upplevelser av inflytande anser en övervägande andel att de blir lyssnade på men resultatet visar att det eleverna upplever sig ha inflytande över inte är undervisningsrelaterat.<br>The purpose of the study, is to describe and analyze the prerequisites for students influence in the special school and how this is expressed in the reading education, we want to contribute to increased knowledge. Background and previous research deals with the prerequsites and barriers on influence, language development, learning to read, reading comprehension as well as for investigated municipal influential methods for reading and reading comprehension. The empirical data of the study was collected through semistructured interviews with twelve educators, all those active in the special school and a questionary with eleven pupils. As a theoretical approach, sociocultural perspective on learning was used. The result indicates that student influences mostly is about individualized education based on the student's interests, that the opportunity for students to influence is possible while at the same time educators experience a difficulty in visualizing student influence to their students, as well as interpreting student communication regarding intentions and wishes in learning how to read. The main purpose the educators reason about, when it comes to student influence and reading education, was the importance of collaborating with elementary school students; partly as role models and partly as a source of learning. The solidarity and interaction as success factors for learning were pointed out many times, but also the communicative benefits of allowing students with different prerequisites to learn together and to be resources for each other's learning. In regards of the students' experiences of influence, it is considered that they are listened to, but the results show that what the students have influence over does not regard their education.
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Ärnbäck, Simon. "Lokala och globala inferenser vid läsning : En utformning och utvärdering av ett inferenstest." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64063.
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Reading comprehension is essential for passing school as well as to live in today’s society which requires a constant interpretation of written information. Inferences are the very processes that bring about comprehension. This study examined local inferences which are characterized by integrating clauses and sentences, and global inferences which are characterized by using background knowledge to e.g. understand a characters actions or the theme of a text. Studying inferences could lead to the development of tools that can identify children’s issues with comprehension. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a test that measured performance on each inference type in story format and facts format. The study examined 11 year old children’s’ performance on each inference type, how the performance appeared in different formats of text and whether there was a connection with reading comprehension. The children performed best on local inferences, which differs from previous research where children have performed higher on global inferences. Performance on global inferences were high in story format but low in facts format. The results indicate that children’s strategies for local inferences continue to work when they have trouble relating to the text. Pearsons correlation coefficient indicated a connection between the inference test and reading comprehension.<br>Läsförståelse är centralt för att klara av skolgången och för att leva i dagens samhälle som kräver ett ständigt tolkande av skriftlig information. Inferenser är själva processen som tillför förståelse. Denna studie studerar lokala inferenser som kännetecknas av att sammanställa satser och meningar, samt globala inferenser som kännetecknas av att använda sig av bakgrundskunskap för att möjliggöra förståelse av exempelvis karaktärers handlingar eller temat i en text. Genom att studera inferenser kan på sikt verktyg utvecklas som identifierar barns problem med läsförståelse. Studien hade som syfte att utforma och utvärdera ett test som mätte prestation på lokala och globala inferenser i berättelseformat och faktaformat. Studien undersökte 11-åringars prestation på respektive inferenstyp, hur prestation såg ut i olika textformat och ifall det fanns samband med läsförståelse. Barnen presterade högst på lokala inferenser, vilket skiljer sig från tidigare forskning där barn har presterat högre på globala inferenser. Prestation på globala inferenser var hög i berättelse- men låg i faktaformat. Resultatet indikerar att barnens strategier för lokala inferenser fortsätter att fungera när de har svårt att relatera till texten. Pearsons korrelationskoefficient indikerade att det fanns samband mellan inferenstestet och läsförståelse.
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Holmer, Emil. "Signs for Developing Reading : Sign Language and Reading Development in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-128207.
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Reading development is supported by strong language skills, not least in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children. The work in the present thesis investigates reading development in DHH children who use sign language, attend Regional Special Needs Schools (RSNS) in Sweden and are learning to read. The primary aim of the present work was to investigate whether the reading skills of these children can be improved via computerized sign language based literacy training. Another aim was to investigate concurrent and longitudinal associations between skills in reading, sign language, and cognition in this population. The results suggest that sign language based literacy training may support development of word reading. In addition, awareness and manipulation of the sub-lexical structure of sign language seem to assist word reading, and imitation of familiar signs (i.e., vocabulary) may be associated with developing reading comprehension. The associations revealed between sign language skills and reading development support the notion that sign language skills provide a foundation for emerging reading skills in DHH signing children. In addition, the results also suggest that working memory and Theory of Mind (ToM) are related to reading comprehension in this population. Furthermore, the results indicate that sign language experience enhances the establishment of representations of manual gestures, and that progression in ToM seems to be typical, although delayed, in RSNS pupils. Working memory has a central role in integrating environmental stimuli and language-mediated representations, and thereby provides a platform for cross-modal language processing and multimodal language development.<br>En god språklig förmåga bidrar till god läsutveckling, inte minst hos döva och hörselskadade (D/H) barn. Studierna som ingår i avhandlingen undersöker läsutveckling hos D/H elever som går på teckenspråkiga specialskolor och som håller på att lära sig att läsa. Arbetets huvudsakliga syfte var att undersöka om deras läsförmåga kan förbättras via datoriserad teckenspråksbaserad lästräning. Ett annat syfte var att undersöka samtida och longitudinella samband mellan läsförmåga, teckenspråk, och kognition i samma population. Resultaten indikerar att teckenspråksbaserad lästräning kan bidra till ordläsningsutveckling. Vidare pekar resultaten på att medvetenhet om och manipulation av teckenspråkets sublexikala struktur stöttar läsförmågan och dessutom att imitation av kända tecken (i.e., vokabulär) var associerat med utvecklingen av barnens läsförståelse. Dessa fynd visar att teckenspråkskunskaper kan utgöra en grund för läsutveckling hos teckenspråkiga D/H elever. Resultaten indikerade även att arbetsminne och Theory of Mind (ToM) är relaterade till läsförståelse i denna grupp. Vid sidan av resultaten rörande läsutveckling, framkom också att teckenspråkserfarenhet leder till starkare etablering av representationer av manuella gester och vidare att barnens mentaliseringsförmåga (Theory of Mind) uppvisade en förväntad progression, om än försenad. En implikation av detta är att insatser som stöttar utveckling av teckenbaserade representationer och deras användning vid bearbetning av skrivet språk kan främja läsutveckling hos teckenspråkiga D/H elever. Arbetsminne föreslås genom sin roll i integration mellan inkommande stimuli och språkmedierade representationer fungera som en plattform för modalitetsöverskridande språkbearbetning och multimodal språkutveckling.
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Salomonsson, Desirée. "Samhällsorienterade begrepp : En empirisk studie utifrån ett lärarperspektiv." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96208.
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Denna studie handlar om samhällsorienterade begrepp. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka samhällsorienterade begrepp som syns i lärares samhällsundervisning. Studien ska även undersöka vilka metoder lärare använder sig av för att elever ska förstå begrepp och hur lärare bedömer elevers begreppskunskaper. Detta har undersökts genom nio observationer och två intervjuer av två lärare i Södra Sverige. Metoderna har använts på grund av att studien har en kvalitativ ansats. I kapitlet ”Teori och tidigare forskning” berörs läsförståelse, ordförråd, ämnesspråk, samhällsorienterade begrepp, begreppsundervisning och bedömning. I resultatet framgår det att lärarna som observerades använde centrala begrepp och använde speciellt läsning, diskussioner och samtal som metoder. I resultatet framgår det även att lärarna bedömde, genom att de lyssnade på elevernas muntliga förmågor och att de gick runt och läste vad eleverna skrev.
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De-Souza, Anthony Yao Makafui. "Stratégies de compréhension écrite sur l'Internet : quelles approches pédagogiques adopter pour développer l'autonomie des étudiants en FLE dans les universités du Ghana ?" Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975218.
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Cette étude émane de plusieurs observations tirées d'une recherche sur l'Intégration de l'Internet dans l'enseignement/apprentissage du FLE à l'Université de Cape Coast. Notamment parmi celles-ci est le fait que les étudiants n'ont pas les capacités requises pour tirer profit des opportunités d'apprentissage qui leur sont disponibles dans le département de français. C'est dans cette optique que l'Internet en tant qu'outil multimédia à grands potentiels pédagogiques est identifié comme capable d'aider les étudiants ghanéens à développer diverses stratégies d'acquisition et d'apprentissage de la langue française. La problématique de cette étude est donc d'identifier les stratégies de compréhension qu'adoptent les étudiants lorsqu'ils travaillent sur des sites Internet authentiques en langue française. Celle-ci a essayé de mettre la lumière sur les procédés mentaux qui sous-tendent la compréhension des informations sur l'Internet en prenant comme appui les recherches menées par RUBIN (1989), OXFORD (1990), O'MALLEY et CHAMOT (1990) et COHEN (1998) sur les stratégies d'apprentissage et d'utilisation de la langue seconde/étrangère. Grâce aux méthodes de recueil des données par verbalisation, questionnaires, entretiens et observation en situation de navigation sur des sites Internet authentiques, nous avons obtenu des données quantitatives et qualitatives chez 52 étudiants inscrits en FLE dans quatre universités publiques du Ghana. Les tâches de navigation consistaient à réserver une place dans un train ou une chambre dans un hôtel, à demander des services postaux en ligne, à créer des comptes clients, à trouver l'itinéraire sur un site de transports en commun, etc. L'analyse des données nous a permis d'identifier des stratégies de navigation comme la recherche d'indices, la lecture fine, l'essai-erreur, le recours à l'aide d'un tiers, l'auto-encouragement, entre autres. Ces stratégies de navigation correspondent à différentes stratégies d'inférence du sens (en contexte, par mots-clés, par images, par traduction, par outils interactifs, par les couleurs, etc.), le raisonnement déductif ou inductif, l'analogie, le transfert de connaissance, l'analyse textuelle par les connaissances acquises en FLE. On note également des stratégies de vérification de sens comme le recours à des dictionnaires, des traducteurs en ligne et des moteurs de recherche. Certaines stratégies affectives et sociales comme le recours à l'explication d'un collège et l'auto-rappel des objectifs aident les étudiants à confirmer le sens des mots nouveaux en français. Ces stratégies sont identifiées grâce à l'analyse qualitative des données de verbalisation et de l'interface de navigation de sept étudiants qui ont atteint les objectifs de la tâche. La dernière partie de cette étude se penche alors sur quelques implications pédagogiques des tâches réalisées sur des supports Internet authentiques. Là, nous avons déblayé la notion d'autonomie dans l'enseignement/apprentissage du Français Langue Etrangère et tiré des conclusions spécifiques par rapport aux tâches de compréhension écrite sur l'Internet. Nous relevons d'ailleurs dans ce cadre sept cas d'autonomie que permettent de développer les tâches de compréhension écrite sur l'Internet.
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Baker, Sandberg Veronica. "Reading aloud in preschool - interaction during your reading in preschool." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27878.
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Davis, Melanie D. "Pre-reading strategies for content area reading instruction: social studies." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/400.
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陳君朋 and Kwan-pang Kenneth Chan. "Reading comprehension and lexical knowledge: a search for the lexical coverage and vocabulary size thresholds inreading." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959246.
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Wahl, Anna. "Reading more books in the golden age of content – Exploring ways for motivating children to read more books by investigating their reading practices." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23462.
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Reading habits and attitudes have changed drastically during the past years, especially among children and teenagers. Previous studies and related work focus on academic achievement and the reading itself as ways to turn this development around. Making children more efficient readers does however not seem to influence their motivation to read during their free time. What does influence a child's reading attitude is their home environment, being able to find books they enjoy, practicing collective reading and more accessible book formats. Concepts developed during this project in order to facilitate some of these needs and contribute to motivating children to read more include a library service for helping children and their parents find books they enjoy, as well as book trailers to make plots easier to understand and awaken children’s desire to engage with books.
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Ekegren, Peter. "The reading of theoretical texts : a critique of criticism in the social sciences /." London : Routledge, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37323934s.
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Cavenaugh, Colleen Ann. "Reading in the content area: (Social studies: grades K-2)." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/421.
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Segall, Avner. "Disturbing practice : reading and writing (social studies) teacher education as text." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0026/NQ46419.pdf.
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Christiansen, Katie. "Shared Book Reading, Home Visit Processes, and the Relation with Low-Income Infants' Language Development." DigitalCommons@USU, 2003. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2551.
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Language is important for children to succeed in school. Language development begins early in a child's life and can be facilitated by a supportive language environment. Shared book reading is an important aspect of the language environment a child experiences.
This study utilized data from twenty children living in low-income families. These children are part of the Rural Utah Child Development Head Start and receive weekly visits from home visitors. Two home visits were videotaped and coded for parental and home visitor language facilitation behaviors. A parent interview was also completed to obtain participant demographic information and measure child and parent language ability. Relations between parental language facilitation, home visitor language facilitation, and child language ability were examined.
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Twyman, Todd. "Effects of a conceptually framed, problem/solution/effect graphic organizer on content comprehension and problem solving skills for seventh grade social studies students /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113030.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-105). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ali, Nadia. "The interactive effect of Gestalt laws of perceptual organisation and task demands on graph comprehension." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2011. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/11452/.
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I describe a series of seven experiments investigating how undergraduate students' comprehension of 2x2 `interaction' bar and line graphs widely used to present data from two-way factorial research designs is affected by both the graph format and the nature of the interaction with them. The first four experiments investigate how different Gestalt principles of perceptual organization operate in the two graph formats and demonstrate the effects of these principles (both positive and negative) on graph comprehension. In particular, Gestalt principles are shown to hinder significantly students’ comprehension of data presented in line graphs compared to bar graphs and that the patterns of errors displayed by students are systematic. The analysis also informs the development of two modified line graphs, one of which improves data interpretation significantly to the level of the bar graphs. The final three experiments investigate more deeply how the processes involved in different types of interaction with graphs affect users’ comprehension of the data depicted. In the first four experiments, participants attempted to understand the graphs while thinking aloud. However, a subsequent study (Experiment 5) demonstrated that writing an interpretation produced significantly higher levels of comprehension for line graphs than when thinking aloud. The final two experiments sought to identify the cause of this difference by isolating demands specific to the verbal protocol condition. The results of this research show that (a) in certain circumstances the Gestalt principles of perceptual organization that operate in different graph formats can significantly affect the interpretation of data depicted in them but that (b) these effects can be attenuated by the nature of the interaction. The implications of this research are that identifying an appropriate method of interaction as well as ensuring appropriate display design ensures that the majority of users will be able to interpret these graphs appropriately and so recommendations can be made for graph use in educational settings.
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Melin, Zarah, and Hanna Kuses. "Subtitling and English Comprehension – Six Students’ Attitudes towards Subtitling." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34845.
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The study undertaken sets out to explore if there is any difference in English comprehension when viewing TV-programs with or without subtitles, in the classroom. The research which has been executed prior to ours shows that lots of people spend more time watching television than they do reading books in their native language. Still, there is more research in reading than in the field of television and comprehension. Furthermore, there are very few studies in the area of subtitling. Media use in today’s society is unavoidable and we believe that future teachers should use television as an educational tool and incorporate multimedia in lesson plans in an effective way. It is our belief that the visual and oral input of television with subtitles can aid students in their ability to memorize and comprehend the content.The research was carried out in the south of Sweden with a class of ninth graders. Firstly, we tested their vocabulary skills through a word knowledge test. Secondly, we proceeded to divide the class into two groups. These groups later saw the same episode of an American TV series. One group saw the show with subtitles, and the other one without. After the show they answered questionnaires on the content of the program and later on six students were selected to be interviewed. These target students were questioned on their thoughts and attitudes towards subtitles, as well as tested on their ability to analyze the content of the show. Although no definite answers can be given from this degree paper, we came to some conclusions. The students’ attitudes towards subtitles differed. Four out of six students were negative towards the usage of subtitles in an educational setting, because they felt more challenged to comprehend the plot without them. The two remaining were positive to subtitles and would use them at all times as support to aid them in their English comprehension.
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Antonova, Alexandra. "Reading Fashion? Exploring Fashion Media Use Among American Young Adults." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22520.
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Modern media environment is characterized by extreme diversification and fragmentation. Fashion news are provided not only by magazines but also in social media, various websites, blogs. This affected media practices and experiences with fashion media consumption. Therefore, understanding the role of fashion media in individuals’s everyday life in this new environment is important for the industry. This research explores consumption of fashion media, media practices and experiences with it among American young adults. This involves answering following questions: What are American young adults doing in relation to fashion media across different contexts? What experiences they have with it?Media practices and media engagement are used as main blocks of theoretical framework as they complement each other. The data was gathered by the use of semi-structured interviews, communicative ecology mapping was applied to analyze and visualize the results. It is believed that all these provided comprehensive theoretical and methodological framework to explore fashion media use among American young adults. The results suggest that fashion media is ingrained in individuals everyday life activities. Also the set of experiences that are strongly connected to fashion media use were identified. The study generated understanding of media practices of reading fashion among American young adults in various contexts and experiences with it which has both empirical and theoretical implications.
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Sun, Ling. "Investigating Chinese English Majors’ Use of Reading Strategies : A Study on the Relationship between Reading Strategies and Reading Achievements." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8367.
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For several decades, reading strategies have aroused many researchers’ interest.Readingis a very important language skill for English learners; however, many English majors feel that their reading proficiency is far from satisfying though they have studied English for more than ten years. Therefore, the current situation of using reading strategies among Chinese sophomore English majors is studied in this paper. The research aims to study the relationship between the use of reading strategies and the students’ reading achievements. The reading comprehension part of TEM 4 (2006) and two questionnaires are adopted in this study to collect data from the investigated students. The participants are 54 English major sophomores from a university in China. The major findings of this study are: English majors use reading strategies in medium level when doing reading comprehension tests. Both metacognitive and cognitive reading strategies significantly correlate with reading achievements and both of them play important roles in reading comprehension. There are differences in the application of reading strategies between high-proficiency readers and low-proficiency readers. Teachers do not pay high attention to instructing reading strategies in the classroom, so some pedagogical implications on the teaching of reading strategies are suggested.
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Fries-Dias, Caroline Marie. "Picture book reading to enhance vocabulary acquisition." Scholarly Commons, 1993. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2778.
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Twenty-seven 4- and 5-year-old children from two daycare programs participated in a study designed to assess the effect of picture book reading on children's vocabulary acquisition. All children were pre- and post-tested on the Reading Recognition subtest of the Peabody Individual Achievement Test, the Expressive One Word Picture Vocabulary Test (EOWPVT), and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R). Following Whitehurst et al.'s (1988) approach, children in the experimental group were read picture books utilizing the hear-say method (asking children questions) for 4 weeks. Those in the control group were read picture-books without being questioned. Three 2 x 8 x 2 Split-Plot Hierarchical ANOVAs were conducted to evaluate group and squad effects and to control for reader effects. They revealed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups. Possible reasons for the absence of experimental effects were discussed.
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Newland, Lisa A. "Language, Social Interactions, and Attention as Predictors of Reading Development in Second Grade." DigitalCommons@USU, 2001. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2609.
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Social interactions between 153 mother-infant dyads in the laboratory were examined for associations with language and play preferences when infants were 14 months old. Later associations with reading skills, attention, and book reading were examined at the end of second grade. Mothers and infants were videotaped in a 20-minute laboratory observation at 14 months, and joint visual attention and social toy play were coded from the interactions. Language was assessed at 14 months using a standardized instrument, and mothers rated their own and their infants' preferences for specific types of play. A follow-up study, conducted at the end of second grade, assessed decoding and reading comprehension skills, attention and distractibility in the classroom and at home, and the frequency of mother-child book reading. A path model was constructed to examine predictive relations from infancy to second grade. The results suggest that early social interactions are both directly and indirectly related to language in infancy. Joint attention was associated with maternal responses during play and infant preferences for point and name games, which were in turn related to language development. Social interactions in infancy were negatively related to cognitive problems in second. There were small bivariate associations between infant language and play interactions with later reading skills. However, the strongest predictors of reading skills in second grade were children's abilities to sustain attention in relation to cognitive tasks in the classroom. The results suggest that early social interactions involving language and play may foster both language abilities and attention-sustaining abilities, which then influence the development of literacy skills.
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Schmidgall, Melissa Ann. "The effects of three instructional approaches on student word reading performance." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1118241351.
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Carmichael, Timothy Roy. "Improving Medicare beneficiary recall and comprehension of Medicare information." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278774.
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The Health Care Finance Administration is challenged with improving enrollment into the alternative managed health care system called Medicare+Choice. The current Medicare cohort is knowledgeable about where to obtain information about Medicare+Choice, but they cannot recall the terminology or comprehend the concepts of the program. This study attempts to improve older adult recall and comprehension of Medicare managed care written text, with the goal of improving their attitude toward Medicare managed care. Older adults (n = 49) from a community located in the Southwest were randomly assigned to one of three study conditions. Analysis of Variance, Tukey HSD, and correlation analysis were conducted on questionnaire responses measuring for recall, comprehension and attitude. An "Elderspeak Process" improved older adult recall of specific terms, words, and phrases about Medicare and Medicare managed care. Medicare managed care organizations can use the process to simplify information about their managed care programs to knowledgeable older adults.
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Lara, Hussein. "The Effectiveness of the Extensive Reading Approach for Facilitating Vocabulary Acquisition Through an Enhancement of Reading Motivation." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-32558.
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This study investigates the possible benefits of using the extensive reading approach as means of enhancing reading motivation, and through that improve and develop EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners’ vocabular repertoire. According to the Swedish Media Council, almost 49% of the Swedish youth do not read books in their free time, and the numbers keep decreasing (Statens Medieråd, 2019). At a time where reading is no longer as common, several researchers have claimed that implementing the extensive reading approach in EFL classrooms gives space for incidental vocabulary acquisition to take place. It has been further argued that extensive reading is an appreciated approach by students, since it gives them the freedom to learn at their own pace. However, there is still some disagreement among researchers as to whether extensive reading does increase reading motivation or not. For this study, data and material were gathered through electronic searches from numerous educational databases to investigate this matter and provide an overview of the findings. The overall results indicate that extensive reading does have a beneficial impact on vocabulary acquisition, and that students are generally positive and receptive to extensive reading, especially when combined with reading-tasks and activities. However, further research is necessary to be able to understand whether vocabular gains from extensive reading actually are affected by reading motivation or not.
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Guo, Rui. "Applying Incidental Learning to Vocabulary Memorization : Is Vocabulary Learning though Reading Useful for L2 Learners in Memorizing the Meanings of Adjectives and Verbs?" Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8026.
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Magnusson, Martina. "Reading- and writing-disabilities from a second language perspective." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34477.
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AbstractDenna uppsats handlar om att undersöka hur andraspråkselever som misstänks ha läs- och skrivsvårigheter/dyslexi utreds på en skola. I en empirisk studie intervjuas sex stycken pedagoger som arbetar med att göra de inledande testerna/kartläggningarna på elever med misstänkt dyslexi/läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Lärarna i undersökningen arbetar inom samma upptagningsområde som speciallärare/pedagoger. Uppsatsens resultat visar på att tillängliga diagnosverktyg på undersökt skola inte är anpassade för att kunna säkerställa en eventuell diagnos hos elever med ett annat modersmål än svenska.
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Renaudo, Gérard. "Des sciences pour nous comprendre : vérité et réalisme dans les pratiques de sciences humaines." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927762.
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Pouvons-nous être réalistes et dire le vrai en sciences humaines, lorsque nous étudions nos façons de penser, de faire sens, de nous comporter ? Habituellement, les SH donnent à cette question une réponse métaphysique en se fondant dans la réalité et la vérité des choses qu'elles examinent vues comme spécifiquement humaines. Mais nous n'attendons des SH qu'une étude de la compréhension humaine, et en cela elles ne sont que des activités ordinaires utilisant le langage. Notre question doit donc être posée dans le langage ordinaire. Cependant, à considérer que sens et compréhension ne sont que des usages, on est enclin à considérer tout savoir à ce propos comme relatif à une situation ; la vérité peut alors être considérée comme relative, et les SH comme irréalistes. Nos sciences méritent une autre voie autorisant un usage réaliste de ''vrai''. Je soutiens que ceci peut être trouvé dans une philosophie du langage ordinaire qui partage avec les SH la même matière première : le sens, la compréhension. D'Austin elles peuvent hériter sa conception non-essentielle de ce qui apparaît comme réalité dans la signification ; de Cavell, l'analyse de la compréhension dans notre accord dans le langage ; de Diamond, une solution à la question du réalisme en le prenant en considération dans nos attitudes. Pour illustrer ces usages de ''vrai'' en SH, je propose une lecture de Foucault montrant sa manière de rechercher une attitude réaliste. En conclusion, je décris comment les SH doivent être vues comme des pratiques : non pas dans un espoir de vérification, mais dans l'acceptation de leur dépendance à nos usages de ''vrai'' et à nos attitudes.
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Jönsson, Anna, and Josefin Olsson. "Reading culture and literacy in Uganda. The case of the “Children’s Reading Tent”." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18740.
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The aim of our thesis is to study the two concepts “reading culture” and “literacy” in the context of Uganda. We base our study on the project the Children’s Reading Tent. We examine these two concepts in relation to the people working with the Children’s Reading Tent and the participating children. Moreover, we look at what needs the children have according to the adult informants and how these needs can be met. The methods used are semi-structured interviews and observations of the Children’s Reading Tent. We interviewed ten of the project’s organisers, twenty of the participating children and conducted six observations. We applied the sociocultural approach to literacy in our study and used Street’s view on literacy as a social and cultural practise and Serpell’s concept “bicultural mediation”. We concluded that the participating children come in contact with one culture in school and one at home. The adult informants connect these two cultures through including both literacy practices from school, such as reading and writing, and indigenous literacy practises such as storytelling into the concept literacy. This is due to the fact that children need to learn from the familiar, which in this case is the culture at home. This need can be met through mediation between the two cultures. A reading culture in Uganda implies having the habit of reading in your everyday life and not simply for school purposes. This is believed to be difficult to accomplish since reading is mostly connected with the culture in school.<br>Uppsatsnivå: D
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Byrne, Melanie B. S. "Increasing Engagement and Academic Performance of Children with Autism SpectrumDisorder and Attention Difficulties: Do Fidget Spinners Help?" Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7755.
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Children with varying exceptionalities including ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and other learning disabilities often struggle with attention deficits. The persistence of alternative non-behavioral approaches in classrooms to address this deficit presents the need for more research and education about these interventions. Specifically, the fidget spinner is a newer intervention which currently has no empirical evidence to support its use in the classroom setting. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fidget spinners on increasing engagement and academic comprehension in a whole classroom environment. A multiple baseline across participants design was used with six children with varying diagnoses who struggled with attention deficits. Results showed that fidget spinners were ineffective at increasing engagement or academic comprehension and that self-monitoring was effective at increasing both engagement and academic performance.
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Brooks, Cherri H. "Father Book Reading Behaviors and Pre-Kindergarten Emergent Literacy." DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2522.
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Conventional literacy is important for academic and life success. Emergent literacy is a precursor to conventional literacy, and parent-child book read ing experiences can foster emergent literacy development. Fathers are important figures in children's development and may make important contributions to their emergent literacy development.
This study observed 179 fathers from families who participated in research evaluating the Bear River Early Head Start program. Father-child book reading was videotaped as part of a 10-minute observation session in each child 's home at 14 months, 24 months, 36 months, and pre- kindergarten (age 4 or 5). Book reading observation sessions were coded based on parental strategies (i.e. language and behaviors) used during book reading. Pre-kindergarten observation sessions were transcribed for a measure of children's oral language. Children were tested in their homes at prekindergarten with measures of phonological processing, receptive vocabulary, and concepts of print. Regression analyses investigated the individual impact of book reading strategies on outcomes and the impact of strategies over time (cumulative). Findings revealed certain individual strategies had more impact than cumulative strategies, which was contrary to the hypotheses. The most positive cumulative impact was time spent during book reading. Overall, receptive vocabulary was the emergent literacy domain most strongly predicted by father book read ing strategies, and cumulative time spent book reading was the strategy that predicted emergent literacy outcomes most consistently.
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Brönmark, Margareta, and Lena Pedersen. "Intensivläsning En interventions- och intervjustudie baserad på Wendickmetoden och upprepad läsning Intense Reading An Intervention- and Interview Study based on the Wendick Model and repeated Reading." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29005.
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Sammanfattning/abstrakt Titel: ”Intensivläsning” - En interventions- och intervjustudie baserad på Wendickmetoden och upprepad läsning. An Intervention- and Interview Study based on the Wendick Model and repeated Reading. Författare: Brönmark, Margareta och Pedersen, Lena (2017), Speciallärarprogrammet: språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling, Skolutveckling och ledarskap, Lärande och samhälle, Malmö högskola, 90 hp. Förväntat kunskapsbidragVår studie bidrar med en kvantitativ undersökning av två olika intensivläsningsmetoder samt en kvalitativ undersökning av hur eleverna uppfattar sin läsning under intensivläsningsperioden. Det finns ett flertal undersökningar gjorda om intensivläsning men enligt vår kännedom har ingen tidigare jämfört de två olika metoderna; upprepad läsning och Wendick samt kombinerat det med elevernas synpunkter. Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien har varit att jämföra två olika alternativa arbetsmetoder för att öka läshastighet och ordavkodning hos elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Vi vill undersöka om intensiv lästräning under en begränsad period, för de elever som ännu inte har automatiserat sin avkodning, kan ge bättre resultat än den ordinära undervisningen. Vi vill ta del av hur eleverna uppfattar sin läsning före och efter perioden med intensivläsning samt deras motivation för att läsa. Vi avser även undersöka hur eleverna upplever sitt deltagande utanför klassrummet under interventionen.Preciserade frågeställningar Hur förändras avkodningsförmågan för elever med långsam läshastighet genom att arbeta med intensivläsning? Vilken av de undersökta metoderna ger bäst effekt för elevernas läshastighet? Hur upplever eleverna sin läsning före och efter en period av extra lästräning? Hur upplever eleverna arbetsmetoden intensivläsning genom en-till-en undervisning utanför klassrummet?TeoriVåra teoretiska perspektiv utgår ifrån ”The simple view of reading” (Gough & Tunmer, 1986) vilken förklarar läsning som en produkt av avkodning och förståelse. Vi fördjupar oss mot utvecklingen av avkodningen samt dess betydelse för läsutvecklingen.Metod4Vår studie har både kvalitativ och kvantitativ forskningsansats. Studien genomfördes som en intervention med för- och eftertest samt kvalitativa semistrukturerade elevintervjuer med elever i årskurs två. Interventionsgruppen omfattade 10 elever och jämförelsegruppen 11 elever. Urvalet gjordes utifrån det standardiserade testet Vilken bild är rätt? (Lundberg, 2001). De elever som hade stanine 3 eller lägre fick möjlighet att deltaga. Varje deltagare i interventionen fick sammanlagt 20 individuella träningstillfällen. Studiens kvalitativa del är inspirerad av fenomenografin eftersom undersökningen syftade till att undersöka vilka uppfattningar eleverna hade av intensivläsningen.ResultatTestresultaten från interventionen behandlades kvantitativt och intervjuerna kvalitativt. Resultaten indikerar på att interventionen med Wendickmetoden och upprepad läsning har haft en påverkan på elevernas avkodningsutveckling. Dock var inte våra resultat signifikanta. Vi kan emellertid se en positiv trend som tillsammans med tidigare forskning tyder på att interventioner med intensivläsning är gynnsamma för elever med lässvårigheter. Medelvärdet vid för- och eftertestet visade att det hade skett en något större utveckling för de elever som arbetat med Wendickmetoden, dock icke-signifikant.I intervjuerna framkom det att eleverna i interventionsgrupperna till övervägande del var motiverade till att träna med metoderna. Alla elever som hade upprepad läsning i interventionen var positiva till metoden och upplevde den som motiverande. Bland de elever som arbetade med Wendickmetoden var det drygt hälften som var motiverade. Eleverna upplevde det positivt med en-till-en undervisning och kände sig inte exkluderade när de fick lämna klassrummet under interventionen.ImplikationerGenom vår intervention ser vi indikationer på att strukturerad och intensiv läsundervisning kan stödja elever med lässvårigheter. I vår funktion som speciallärare är det en metod att föredra att arbeta med intensivläsning enskilt med eleverna för att höja deras avkodningsförmåga.I vår nya roll som speciallärare behöver vi vara en resurs som tillsammans med klasslärarna och skolledningen ska arbeta förebyggande och pröva och utvärdera olika metoder som kan främja elevernas inlärning. Genom våra fördjupade kunskaper i språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling ska vi se till så att eleverna får det stöd de behöver för att komma vidare i sin utveckling. De insikter som vi har fått om intensivläsning från denna studie kommer att vara värdefull för oss i vårt framtida yrke som speciallärare.
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Dalquist, Rasmus. "English Speaking Cultures in Middle School Reading Material." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34602.
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This study is an attempt to discuss and reflect over which cultures that are present in the reading material in the English language education in the years four to six at in a school outside of Malmö. The concept of culture is discussed from an educational perspective. The cultures present in the learners reading material and the teachers perspective on foreign cultures is also discoursed. Relevant previous research is highlighted and used to examine the collected material. The data is collected from interviews with three middle school teachers and from an analysis of the reading material that is used in the English education. The results reveal that British or American culture is heavily over-represented. The three teacher’s education is based almost solely on the textbook and therefore the textbook is given great mandate on which cultures that are present in the classroom. The results led to the argumentation that the English education in Sweden ought to be challenged. The endonormative perspective that places a clear emphasize on the native speaking norm, and revolves around inner circle cultures in the English classroom does not suffice as a foundation for our young learners. To solely focus on an English or American context will not prepare our pupils for the global challenges that lies ahead. English as an international language is spoken in all the corners of the world and all these corners ought to be invited into our classroom.