Journal articles: 'Social-spatial effects'

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Hauert, Christoph. "Spatial effects in social dilemmas." Journal of Theoretical Biology 240, no. 4 (June 2006): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.024.

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Tonkiss, Fran. "Spatial causes, social effects: A response to Soja." City 15, no. 1 (February 2011): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2011.539048.

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Vestner, Tim, Steven Tipper, Tom Hartley, and Shirley-Ann Rueschemeyer. "Distortions of spatial memory: Social attention, but not social interaction effects." Journal of Vision 17, no. 10 (August 31, 2017): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/17.10.354.

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Chang, Dongkuk. "Social Crime or Spatial Crime? Exploring the Effects of Social, Economical, and Spatial Factors on Burglary Rates." Environment and Behavior 43, no. 1 (October 28, 2009): 26–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916509347728.

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Foster, Kirk A., Ronald Pitner, Darcy A. Freedman, Bethany A. Bell, and Todd C. Shaw. "Spatial Dimensions of Social Capital." City & Community 14, no. 4 (December 2015): 392–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12133.

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The neighborhood context affects social capital, yet scholars do not adequately account for the dynamic nature of the social spaces people occupy in measuring social capital. Research has focused on neighborhood effects as though the neighborhood space is fixed across all inhabitants without regard for the ways individuals define their neighborhoods considering their own spatial location and social interactions. Using a neighborhood–level social capital measure, we examine the relationship between cognitive neighborhood boundaries and social capital in residents (N = 135) of two public housing communities in a Southern urban city. As collective efficacy (bonding social capital) increased so too did the predicted size of one's cognitive neighborhood. GIS maps demonstrated that participant boundaries included areas of commerce and services necessary to build and maintain social capital. Larger cognitive neighborhoods suggest one may interact with a wider array of people to achieve instrumental and expressive returns despite the high–poverty neighborhood context.

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Brown, Michael F., Toni-Moi N. Prince, and Karen E. Doyle. "Social effects on spatial choice in the radial arm maze." Learning & Behavior 37, no. 3 (August 2009): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/lb.37.3.269.

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Gunalp, Peri, Tara Moossaian, and Mary Hegarty. "Spatial perspective taking: Effects of social, directional, and interactive cues." Memory & Cognition 47, no. 5 (February 19, 2019): 1031–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00910-y.

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Gruppe, Harald, Nadine Faubel, Silvia Klusowski, Bernd Gallhofer, and Gebhard Sammer. "The effects of social versus non-social spatial cues on attentional performance in schizophrenia." International Clinical Psychopharmacology 26 (September 2011): e179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.yic.0000405953.67133.d5.

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Giebultowicz, Sophia, Mohammad Ali, Mohammad Yunus, and Michael Emch. "The Simultaneous Effects of Spatial and Social Networks on Cholera Transmission." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/604372.

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This study uses social network and spatial analytical methods simultaneously to understand cholera transmission in rural Bangladesh. Both have been used separately to incorporate context into health studies, but using them together is a new and recent approach. Data include a spatially referenced longitudinal demographic database consisting of approximately 200,000 people and a database of all laboratory-confirmed cholera cases from 1983 to 2003. A complete kinship-based network linking households is created, and distance matrices are also constructed to model spatial relationships. A spatial error-social effects model tested for cholera clustering in socially linked households while accounting for spatial factors. Results show that there was social clustering in five out of twenty-one years while accounting for both known and unknown environmental variables. This suggests that environmental cholera transmission is significant and social networks also influence transmission, but not as consistently. Simultaneous spatial and social network analysis may improve understanding of disease transmission.

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Keller, Matthew R., and Michael F. Brown. "Social effects on rat spatial choice in an open field task." Learning and Motivation 42, no. 2 (May 2011): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2010.12.004.

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Vainstein, Mendeli H., and Jeferson J. Arenzon. "Spatial social dilemmas: Dilution, mobility and grouping effects with imitation dynamics." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 394 (January 2014): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2013.09.032.

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Arranz-López, Aldo, Julio A. Soria-Lara, and Ángel Pueyo-Campos. "Social and spatial equity effects of non-motorised accessibility to retail." Cities 86 (March 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.012.

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Dittrich, Kerstin, Annelie Rothe, and Karl Christoph Klauer. "Increased spatial salience in the social Simon task: A response-coding account of spatial compatibility effects." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 74, no. 5 (April 20, 2012): 911–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-012-0304-1.

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Łaszkiewicz, Edyta, Guanpeng Dong, and Richard Harris. "The Effect Of Omitted Spatial Effects And Social Dependence In The Modelling Of Household Expenditure For Fruits And Vegetables." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 17, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2014-0038.

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As is well known, ignoring spatial heterogeneity leads to biased parameter estimates, while omitting the spatial lag of a dependent variable results in biasness and inconsistency (Anselin, 1988). However, the common approach to analysing households’ expenditures is to ignore the potential spatial effects and social dependence. In light of this, the aim of this paper is to examine the consequences of omitting the spatial effects as well as social dependence in households’ expenditures. We use the Household Budget Survey microdata for the year 2011 from which we took households’ expenditures for fruits and vegetables. The effect of ignoring spatial effects and/or social dependence is analysed using four different models obtained by imposing restrictions on the core parameters of the hierarchical spatial autoregressive model (HSAR). Finally, we estimate the HSAR model to demonstrate the existence of spatial effects and social dependence. We find the omitted elements of the external environment affect negatively the estimates for other spatial (social) effect parameters. Especially, we notice the overestimation of the random effect variance when the social dependence is omitted and the overestimation of the social interaction effect when the spatial heterogeneity is ignored.

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Topa, Giorgio. "Social and spatial networks in labour markets." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 35, no. 4 (2019): 722–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grz019.

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Abstract Social connections and referrals are ubiquitous in the labour market, both on the job-seeker side and on the employer side. This article reviews recent developments in the study of referrals, highlighting what we have learned regarding the use and impact of referrals on various labour market outcomes and pointing out the increasingly nuanced picture we are gaining on the effects of referrals. It then discusses directions for future research, emphasizing the importance of using newly available data (and combinations of datasets) and of making tighter connections with the burgeoning macro-labour research that is based on a search and matching framework. Finally, it evaluates the role of referrals from the point of view of policy-makers, discussing their social welfare implications and ways in which they could be explicitly incorporated into various labour market policies. The importance of tighter collaboration between policy-makers, researchers, employers and practitioners is stressed, to conduct more rigorous experimentation and evaluation of potential referral-based policies and programmes.

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Misra, Kaustav, Paul W. Grimes, and Kevin E. Rogers. "The effects of community social capital on school performance: A spatial approach." Journal of Socio-Economics 42 (February 2013): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2012.11.011.

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Wu, Wenjie, Mark(Xin) Wang, Ning Zhu, Weiyang Zhang, and Hua Sun. "Residential satisfaction about urban greenness: Heterogeneous effects across social and spatial gradients." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 38 (February 2019): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.11.011.

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Cheney, Ann M., Christine N. Newkirk, Vhuhwavho M. Nekhavhambe, Matthew Baron Rotondi, and Alison Hamilton. "Effects of social and spatial contexts on young latinas’ methamphetamine use initiation." Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 17, no. 1 (October 16, 2017): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2017.1362721.

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Dong, GuangHui, FengWen Liu, and FaHu Chen. "Environmental and technological effects on ancient social evolution at different spatial scales." Science China Earth Sciences 60, no. 12 (November 15, 2017): 2067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-017-9118-3.

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Li, Yumeng, Jun Zhang, and Matjaž Perc. "Effects of compassion on the evolution of cooperation in spatial social dilemmas." Applied Mathematics and Computation 320 (March 2018): 437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2017.10.002.

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Polanska, Dominika V. "Organizing Social and Spatial Boundaries: Squatting's Material Practices and Social Relationships." Human Geography 9, no. 1 (March 2016): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861600900103.

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The prerequisites for squatting are somewhat different from other social movements. Most squatters tend to live (literally reside) in their movement and risk being overwhelmed and burnt-out by the intensity and emotional involvement of this kind of activism. The fact that squatters’ struggles revolve around a physical place, which in itself is a form of protest, and that the most involved activists are expected to locate their everyday lives to this place, puts a lot of pressure on the squatters and the way they handle their social relationships or more material practices and needs. The aim of this article is to examine how social and spatial boundaries are regulated and organized by squatters and to discuss how the spaces within squats are regulated and how the boundaries are negotiated by the squatting activists in light of these spaces being the ‘embodiment’ of the squatting movement requiring some special organizational measures to create order and avoid conflicts that could lead to the movement's decline. The squatting movement in Warsaw will serve as an example, and its recent development and internal diversification will be used to illustrate the importance of organization of social and spatial boundaries. I will also discuss the reverse effects of the refinement of the boundaries resulting in the creation of hierarchies and processes of exclusion, seclusion, inflexibility and impenetrability faced by squatters in the studied case. The material for this study is based on 20 semi-structured interviews with squatters’ activists conducted in 2013. The theoretical framework of the study is combining a social movement approach with organizational theory. I argue that squatting, as any social movement, should be analysed as intersecting social orders of networks, institutions and organizations, as it needs to create organizational measures, use dominant institutional order(s) and/or create new shared norms and beliefs, alongside founding its activity on networks of trust, horizontality and reciprocity, in order to function smoothly and not exhaust its current resources (social, symbolic, material).

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Dong, Lingfeng, Jie Zhang, Liqiang Huang, and Yuan Liu. "Social influence on endorsement in social Q&A community: Moderating effects of temporal and spatial factors." International Journal of Information Management 61 (December 2021): 102396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102396.

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Li, Tiebei, Neil Sipe, and Jago Dodson. "Social and spatial effects of transforming the private vehicle fleet in Brisbane, Australia." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 51 (March 2017): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.12.010.

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Viry, Gil. "Residential mobility and the spatial dispersion of personal networks: Effects on social support." Social Networks 34, no. 1 (January 2012): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2011.07.003.

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Kuo, Hui-Ju, and Yang-chih Fu. "Spatial effects on individual social capital: Differentiating the constraints of local occupational structures." Social Networks 64 (January 2021): 194–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2020.09.003.

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Sohn, Christophe, Dimitris Christopoulos, and Johan Koskinen. "Borders Moderating Distance: A Social Network Analysis of Spatial Effects on Policy Interaction." Geographical Analysis 52, no. 3 (July 23, 2019): 428–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gean.12218.

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Abdulla, S., A. Gemperli, O. Mukasa, J. R. M. Armstrong Schellenberg, C. Lengeler, P. Vounatsou, and T. Smith. "Spatial effects of the social marketing of insecticide-treated nets on malaria morbidity." Tropical Medicine and International Health 10, no. 1 (January 2005): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01354.x.

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XIAO, Chengli, Yuqing SUI, Suheng XIAO, and Renlai ZHOU. "A new perspective on spatial interaction research: The effects of multiple social factors." Advances in Psychological Science 29, no. 5 (2021): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2021.00796.

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KIM, DAI-WON, JUNG-SUK YU, and M. KABIR HASSAN. "THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION." Singapore Economic Review 65, no. 01 (July 25, 2018): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590817460031.

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We examined the influence of religious and social inequality factors on financial inclusion based on the fact that Muslim countries mostly have the lower level of financial inclusion around the globe. To do that, first, we calculated the financial inclusion indices (FIIs) of 152 countries including 48 OIC countries. Then, we examined the effect of religious and social inequality factors on financial inclusion using ordinary least square (OLS). Subsequently, we examined the Moran’s-I test in the OLS models and estimated spatial autocorrelation (SAR) models and spatial error model (SEM) in order to include the spatial correlation effect on the estimate models. Through these estimations, we found that the religious factors, such as whether OIC or non-OIC, religious diversity and Muslim population, have obvious effects on determination of financial inclusion. In addition, we also verified social inequality factors, such as gender inequality, education level and social opportunity level, work as determinants of financial inclusion. Moreover, we found the evidence that financial inclusion itself and unknown factors of neighbor countries have effects on financial inclusion by identifying the spatial effects of analysis models.

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Neumayer, Eric, and Thomas Plümper. "Spatial Effects in Dyadic Data." International Organization 64, no. 1 (January 2010): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818309990191.

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AbstractPolitical units often spatially depend in their policy choices on other units. This also holds in dyadic settings where, as in much of international relations research, analysis focuses on the interaction or relation between a pair or dyad of two political units. Yet, with few exceptions, social scientists have analyzed contagion in monadic datasets only, consisting of individual political units. This article categorizes all possible forms of spatial effect modeling in both undirected and directed dyadic data, where it is possible to distinguish the source and the target of interaction (for example, exporter/importer, aggressor/victim, and so on). This approach enables scholars to formulate and test novel mechanisms of contagion, thus ideally paving the way for studies analyzing spatial dependence between dyads of political units. To illustrate the modeling flexibility gained from an understanding of the full set of specification options for spatial effects in dyadic data, we examine the diffusion of bilateral investment treaties between developed and developing countries, building and extending on Elkins, Guzman, and Simmons's 2006 study. However, we come to different conclusions about the channels through which bilateral investment treaties diffuse. Rather than a capital-importing country being influenced by the total number of BITs signed by other capital importers, as modeled in their original article, we find that a capital-importing country is more likely to sign a BIT with a capital exporter only if other competing capital importers have signed BITs with this very same capital exporter. Similarly, other capital exporters' BITs with a specific capital importer influence an exporter's incentive to agree on a BIT with the very same capital importer.

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Cuevas Valenzuela, Hernán, Jorge Budrovich Sáez, and Claudia Cerda Becker. "Neoliberal Economic, Social, and Spatial Restructuring: Valparaíso and Its Agricultural Hinterland." Urban Planning 6, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4242.

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The analysis of the neoliberal restructuring of Chilean port cities and their hinterland suggests there was a functional coupling of neoliberalisation, precarisation, reterritorialisation, extraction, and logistics. To address this process properly, we expanded the boundaries of our analytical scale to include not only the port city, but also its hinterland, and be able to examine the flow of commodities and labour. The analysis demonstrated that the effects of neoliberal restructuring of Valparaíso and its hinterland has had interconnected ambivalent effects. Although social and economic restructuring of agricultural hinterland and port terminals in Chile increased land and port productivity and economic competitiveness, this pattern of capitalist modernisation benefitted neither the increasing masses of temporary precarious workers in the countryside nor port cities such as Valparaíso, marked by territorial inequality, socioecological damage, urban poverty, and a growing sense of closure of the littoral and reduced access to the ocean. These negative externalities and frictions have triggered local political controversies, commercial and economic disputes, labour strikes, and urban and socio-territorial conflicts.

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Rodriguez-Pineda, Leonardo, Andrés Felipe Sánchez Saldarriaga, and Helena María Cancelado Carretero. "Spatial Dynamic Effects in the Colombian Health System." Lecturas de Economía, no. 92 (January 24, 2020): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n0a336897.

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We seek to understand if spatial dynamics affect the population in social, economic and health terms. To carry out this study, we propose the following two stages. In the first stage we try to understand the causes of high infant mortality in rural areas in comparison to the urban areas based on literature and the changes made to the Colombian health model. The second stage is a spatial econometric analysis of the variables of interest, where the CEDE database of the Universidad de los Andes is utilized. The findings of this study confirm the importance of the inclusion of spatial effects, which is a sign that the health dynamics of populations are interrelated. This spatial interdependence corroborates the suggestion from literature where proposing policies coordinate the system and consider local and neighboring populations. Also, municipal administrations require the need to consider mechanisms of interlocution whilst working with their peers and allow these factors to be included in the planning of political measures taken that affect health conditions. Finally, we confirm differences between the rural and urban performance.

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Rodriguez-Pineda, Leonardo, Andrés Felipe Sánchez Saldarriaga, and Helena María Cancelado Carretero. "Spatial Dynamic Effects in the Colombian Health System." Lecturas de Economía, no. 92 (January 24, 2020): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n92a336897.

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We seek to understand if spatial dynamics affect the population in social, economic and health terms. To carry out this study, we propose the following two stages. In the first stage we try to understand the causes of high infant mortality in rural areas in comparison to the urban areas based on literature and the changes made to the Colombian health model. The second stage is a spatial econometric analysis of the variables of interest, where the CEDE database of the Universidad de los Andes is utilized. The findings of this study confirm the importance of the inclusion of spatial effects, which is a sign that the health dynamics of populations are interrelated. This spatial interdependence corroborates the suggestion from literature where proposing policies coordinate the system and consider local and neighboring populations. Also, municipal administrations require the need to consider mechanisms of interlocution whilst working with their peers and allow these factors to be included in the planning of political measures taken that affect health conditions. Finally, we confirm differences between the rural and urban performance.

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Wang, Junsong, Xinyue Ye, and Yehua Wei. "Effects of Agglomeration, Environmental Regulations, and Technology on Pollutant Emissions in China: Integrating Spatial, Social, and Economic Network Analyses." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 12, 2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020363.

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Using prefecture-level panel data and social media data, this study investigates how industrial agglomeration, environmental regulations, and technology affect the pollutant intensity and spillover channels of pollutant emissions by integrating social and economic networks into a Spatial Durbin Model. The results show that industrial agglomeration, environmental regulations, and technological inputs facilitate the emissions intensity abatement. The outcomes also confirm that these factors affect the intensity of pollutant emissions in neighboring regions through social, economic, and spatial networks. Agglomeration has a negative spillover effect on the intensity of pollutant emissions in surrounding cities via social and spatial networks, while environmental regulations affect pollutant emissions intensity in related cities through social networks. Technology can effectively lower pollutant emissions through economic networks. These findings highlight the network linkages and spillover channels affecting the intensity of pollutant emissions.

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Gudelj, I. "The effects of spatial movement and group interactions on disease dynamics of social animals." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 66, no. 1 (January 2004): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8240(03)00075-2.

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Driscoll, Coralie, and Mark Carter. "The Effects of Spatial Density on the Social Interaction of Preschool Children with Disabilities." International Journal of Disability, Development and Education 57, no. 2 (May 26, 2010): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10349121003750836.

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Deng, Ke, Wei Liu, and De-Hua Wang. "Relatedness and spatial distance modulate intergroup interactions: experimental evidence from a social rodent." Current Zoology 65, no. 5 (November 16, 2018): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoy082.

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Abstract Kin selection theory predicts that individuals should generally behave less aggressively or more amicably towards relatives than nonkin. However, how individuals treat conspecifics depends on genetic relatedness but also on the ecological context, which influences the benefits and costs of their interactions. In this study, we used microsatellite DNA markers and behavioral tests to examine the influence of kinship and proximity on the social behavior of Mongolian gerbils Meriones unguiculatus living in different social groups, and whether these effects varied with sex and season. We recorded the duration of 4 behavioral categories (investigative, neutral, amicable, and agonistic) during a 10-min pairwise test. We found that genetic relatedness had significant effects on the duration of investigative, neutral, and amicable behavior, but not on agonistic behavior. We also found significant interaction effects of relatedness and distance between burrow systems (i.e., spatial distance) on investigative, neutral, and amicable behavior, which suggests that the effects of kinship on social behavior were restricted by spatial proximity. The interaction effect between sex and relatedness on amicable behavior showed that male gerbils became more intimate with individuals of the same sex that had higher pairwise relatedness than females. Furthermore, both male and female gerbils enhanced their aggression during the food-hoarding season, but the intensity of these changes was significantly higher in females. Overall, our results suggest that the effects of kinship and spatial proximity on social behavior exhibit sexual or seasonal patterns, thereby implying ecological context-dependent responses to out-group individuals in Mongolian gerbils.

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Sat, N. Aydan. "Polycentricity in a developing world: A micro-regional analysis for morphological polycentricity in Turkey." GeoScape 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2018-0007.

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Abstract Following the publication of ‘European Spatial Development Perspective’ in 1999, a large number of theoretical and empirical studies have been carried out on polycentric spatial development especially in European settlements. The relationship between polycentricity and economic competitiveness, environmental sustainability and social cohesion are some of the main concerns of these studies. This study aims to clarify ‘the meaning of polycentricity’ in the case of Turkey, as a developing country and analyse the relationship between polycentric spatial development and economic competitiveness, environmental sustainability and social cohesion. After calculation of morphological polycentricity of the regions at NUTS-5 level, the propositions on the positive effects of polycentric spatial development on economic competitiveness, environmental sustainability and social cohesion is tested by using Pearson correlation and OLS regression models. The results of the empirical study are mixed for these three subjects. Polycentric spatial development has not positive effects on economic competitiveness and social cohesion in Turkey case. Conversely, a positive effect exists in terms of environmental sustainability. It can be said, that to reach those policy aims highlighted by European Spatial Development Perspective, could not be realised by only taken into account polycentric spatial development in Turkey case.

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Liu, Hao, and Lin Ma. "Spatial Pattern and Effects of Urban Coordinated Development in China’s Urbanization." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062389.

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Regional urbanization in China has made formidable progress in, among other things, economic growth and urban sprawl, but local development is undergoing severe stress with irreversible impacts for urban ecological environment. Furthermore, spatial interactions are proved to be related to urban coordinated development. However, this spatial effect cannot usually be found in the literature. Based on the concept of coordinated development, the interaction among the economic, social and ecological systems of cities at prefecture level and above in China can be modeled by a coupling coordination model, and then analyzed using spatial analysis methods and spatial econometrics models, which can explain the patterns in spatial variation and its evolutionary trends. The results show that urban coordinated development has an apparent spatial heterogeneity, and East China develops better than West China. Moreover, urban coordinated development has an increasing global trend, which mainly results from East China, while the other regions cannot provide a definite boost. Lastly, there is an evident spatial dependence in urban coordinated development, which is positively influenced by an area’s own previous condition and its neighboring cities. Furthermore, population size, local GDP and green land, etc. have spatial spillover effects on urban coordinated development in China.

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McIntyre, Lesley J., and Ian Ruaraidh Harrison. "THE EFFECTS OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT DESIGN ON OPPORTUNITIES FOR WELLBEING IN CARE HOMES." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i1.1206.

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The built environment influences the wellbeing of older people in care homes. In order to design for enablement, physical activity, and social connectivity there are lessons to be learnt from current care home buildings. Uncovering this design information is key for the future improvement of environments for older people. To the field of architecture, this paper presents an analysis of ethnographic observations (utilising an adapted form of the AEIOU heuristic) from five urban care homes in the UK. Findings provide insight into the qualities of the built environment that have impact on the activity and potential wellbeing of older residents. Five significant qualities of the built environment are identified: Spatial Legibility, Spatial Interconnectedness, Spatial Traversability, Spatial Diversity, and Spatial Aesthetics.

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Frenzel, Fabian. "The Role of Spatial Organization in Resurrection City and Other Protest Camps." Contention 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cont.2020.080104.

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Social and political organizing and organization has a spatial dimension, and there is increasing interest in academic studies of organization to understand better how space and organization relate, interact, and conflict. There is a range of studies that look at business and workplace organization, but little evidence from social movement organization or what is sometimes referred to as alternative organization studies. This article addresses this gap by observing and analyzing the effects of spatial organization in social movements. It focuses particularly on protest camps, a form of social movement organization in which spatial organization is particularly important. It looks at the Resurrection City protest camp of 1968 to identify the development of spatial organization practices. They are carried onwards across social movements, as they resolve organizational desires for the social movement organization, such as enabling mass organization without resorting to formal membership or hierarchical structures. In summary, the article provides insight into the relationship between spatial and social organization.

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Williams, Matthew. "Suburbia: social and spatial trends that emerged in Celtic Tiger Ireland." Chimera 26, no. 2012/2013 (September 11, 2013): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/chimera.26.7.

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Long after the roar of the “Celtic Tiger” has become inaudible; its effects remain in the form of ghost estates, incomplete rural development and inadequate service provision across the Irish landscape. This paper will give a brief account of suburban housing development in Ireland as a whole, followed by a detailed discussion of development in a specific Irish case study, Clerihan, Co. Tipperary. Through the analysis of data produced from resident questionnaires, an evaluation and discussion of the key motivations of Clerihan’s “Celtic Tiger” in-migrants shall emerge for the purpose of comparison with international suburban migration incentives. These incentives shall be addressed under four overarching themes; suburbia as an idyllic space and place, suburbia as an exclusive community while maintaining previous social networks, suburbia as a product of social and economic competition, and suburbia as an interdependent product of transport availability.

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Gunalp, Peri, Elizabeth R. Chrastil, and Mary Hegarty. "Directionality eclipses agency: How both directional and social cues improve spatial perspective taking." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 28, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 1289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01896-y.

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AbstractResearch on spatial perspective taking has suggested that including an agent in the display benefits performance. However, little research has examined the mechanisms underlying this benefit. Here, we examine how an agent benefits performance by examining its effects on three mental steps in a perspective-taking task: (1) imagining oneself at a location (station point) within in the array, (2) adopting a different perspective (heading), and (3) pointing to an object from that perspective. We also examine whether a non-agentive directional cue (an arrow) is sufficient to improve performance in an abstract map-like display. We compared a non-directional cue to two cues for position and orientation: a human figure (agentive, directional) and an arrow (non-agentive, directional). To examine the effects of cues on steps 2 and 3 of the perspective-taking process, magnitude of the initial perspective shift and pointing direction were varied across trials. Response time and error increased with the magnitude of the imagined perspective shift and pointing to the front was more accurate than pointing to the side, or back, but these effects were independent of directional cue. A directional cue alone was sufficient to improve performance relative to control, and agency did not provide additional benefit. The results overall indicate that most people adopt an embodied cognition strategy to perform this task and directional cues facilitate the first step of the perspective-taking process, imagining oneself at a location within in the array.

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Genius, Margarita, Phoebe Koundouri, Céline Nauges, and Vangelis Tzouvelekas. "Information Transmission in Irrigation Technology Adoption and Diffusion: Social Learning, Extension Services, and Spatial Effects." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 96, no. 1 (August 7, 2013): 328–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aat054.

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Bae, Jiyang, and Sooyoung Cho. "Effects of Social Responsibility : Focusing on SR Agent Type, Spatial Distance, and Message Construal Level." Korean Journal of Advertising and Public Relations 18, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.16914/kjapr.2016.18.4.73.

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Gogishvili, David, and Suzanne Harris-Brandts. "The social and spatial insularity of internally displaced persons: “neighbourhood effects” in Georgia’s collective centres." Caucasus Survey 7, no. 2 (May 4, 2019): 134–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23761199.2019.1617652.

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Radersma, Reinder, Colin J. Garroway, Anna W. Santure, Isabelle de Cauwer, Damien R. Farine, Jon Slate, and Ben C. Sheldon. "Social and spatial effects on genetic variation between foraging flocks in a wild bird population." Molecular Ecology 26, no. 20 (August 24, 2017): 5807–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.14291.

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Ward, Patrick S., and Valerien O. Pede. "Capturing social network effects in technology adoption: the spatial diffusion of hybrid rice in Bangladesh." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 59, no. 2 (April 10, 2014): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12058.

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Gaunet, Florence, and Bertrand L. Deputte. "Functionally referential and intentional communication in the domestic dog: effects of spatial and social contexts." Animal Cognition 14, no. 6 (June 3, 2011): 849–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0418-1.

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de la Mata, Tamara, and Carlos Llano. "Social networks and trade of services: modelling interregional flows with spatial and network autocorrelation effects." Journal of Geographical Systems 15, no. 3 (May 15, 2013): 319–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10109-013-0183-6.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Social-spatial effects'

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