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Journal articles on the topic 'Social unrest'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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1

Pamerdyatmaja, Pamerdyatmaja. "Social Unrest and Distrust." Jurnal Humaniora 36, no. 2 (2024): 207. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.90055.

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Shadow Play provides an insight into urban studies in Indonesia by showing Yogyakarta as a space of interaction with research on relocation among development discourses. Relocation was often under the unilateral regulatory power of the state (government) in the new order era. Gibbings offers a new perspective in which the relocation of traders is not solely focused on the displacement of a group of people but shows the tug-of-war in drafting agreements after the authoritarian regime's collapse through the 1998 reform agenda. In this book, Gibbings includes two introductory arguments to evoke the reader. First, the study of politics and information control is a subject relation that can change at any time, along with the involvement of stakeholders daily. Second, by focusing on the politics of information, Gibbings exposes the relationship between the state and its citizens, particularly in post-authoritarian situations.

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Galligan, T. "Do pushchairs cause social unrest?" Nursing Standard 11, no. 35 (1997): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.11.35.10.s25.

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Shen, Ao, and Kam Pui Chow. "Entity-Based Integration Framework on Social Unrest Event Detection in Social Media." Electronics 11, no. 20 (2022): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11203416.

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Social unrest events have been an issue of concern to people in various countries. In the past few years, mass unrest events appeared in many countries. Meanwhile, social media has become a distinctive method of spreading event information. It is necessary to construct an effective method to analyze the unrest events through social media platforms. Existing methods mainly target well-labeled data and take relatively little account of the event development. This paper proposes an entity-based integration event detection framework for event extraction and analysis in social media. The framework integrates two modules. The first module utilizes named entity recognition technology based on the bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) algorithm to extract the event-related entities and topics of social unrest events during social media communication. The second module suggests the K-means clustering method and dynamic topic model (DTM) for dynamic analysis of these entities and topics. As an experimental scenario, the effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated using the Lihkg discussion forum and Twitter from 1 August 2019 to 31 August 2020. In addition, the comparative experiment is performed to reveal the differences between Chinese users on Lihkg and Twitter for comparative social media studies. The experiment results somehow indicate the characteristic of social unrest events that can be found in social media.

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Mahbob Kilidbari, Shahram, Mansour Sharifi, and Habibollah Karimian. "Virtual Space Activism in Social Unrest: Theory and Practice." Journal of Social-Political Studies of Iran's Culture and History 3, no. 5 (2024): 154–74. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jspsich.3.5.9.

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Virtual space is a constructed and turbulent realm that, at the beginning of the third millennium, has acted as a catalyst for many social unrests in various countries. Numerous researchers have illustrated the impact of cyberspace on riots, social disturbances, urban uprisings, revolutions, and social movements, yet this process cannot be presented as a dominant theory. On one hand, marginalized and protesting groups can use the internet to expose political and economic corruption, discrimination, political suppression, and governmental inefficiency, and by highlighting these issues, they can seriously challenge the government and its operations. This highlighting of corruption and governmental inefficiency may be considered the most significant function of virtual space in both the mental and objective rebellion of activists. On the other hand, besides mental rebellion, the internet also influences awareness-raising, organization, mobilization, and civil and political conflicts among intellectuals and young individuals. It contributes to the growth and dissemination of democratic values such as participation, freedom of speech, tolerance, and justice, and by altering citizens’ perspectives, it provides the groundwork for their political confrontation with structures. Therefore, the importance of this research also lies in the governance of virtual space to moderate the environment influenced by the internet. In this regard, the present study aims to answer the question of whether virtual space and its tools played a role in the formation and expansion of social unrest and the November 2019 protests. Its hypothesis, which posits the influence of virtual space on the formation and expansion of social unrest, is depicted through a combined method using the paradigm theory of virtual networks and Huster Grand’s “geographical diffusion” theory. Undoubtedly, this research faces numerous challenges such as novelty and the lack of field data, but the genealogy of social unrest in Iran in this study, utilizing influential sociological variables, the geography of unrest, and the theoretical application of dominant scientific theories in sociology, geography, and psychology through a quantitative-analytical method, presents a unique contribution.

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Hinton, Elizabeth. "Policing social unrest and collective violence." Science 374, no. 6565 (2021): 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abi9169.

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Hadzi-Vaskov, Metodij, Samuel Pienknagura, and Luca Antonio Ricci. "The Macroeconomic Impact of Social Unrest." IMF Working Papers 2021, no. 135 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513582573.001.

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7

Cornelius, Nelarine, and James Wallace. "Capabilities, urban unrest and social enterprise." International Journal of Public Sector Management 26, no. 3 (2013): 232–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-11-2008-0043.

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8

Voas, Jeffrey, and Keith Miller. "Social Unrest, Political Violence, and War." Computer 58, no. 1 (2025): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2024.3457648.

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Hua, Ting, Chang-Tien Lu, Naren Ramakrishnan, et al. "Analyzing Civil Unrest through Social Media." Computer 46, no. 12 (2013): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.2013.442.

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Cadena, Jose, Gizem Korkmaz, Chris J. Kuhlman, Achla Marathe, Naren Ramakrishnan, and Anil Vullikanti. "Forecasting Social Unrest Using Activity Cascades." PLOS ONE 10, no. 6 (2015): e0128879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128879.

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11

Stark, Oded, Walter Hyll, and Doris A. Behrens. "Gauging the potential for social unrest." Public Choice 143, no. 1-2 (2009): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-009-9499-7.

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12

Muthiah, Sathappan, Bert Huang, Jaime Arredondo, et al. "Planned Protest Modeling in News and Social Media." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 29, no. 2 (2015): 3920–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v29i2.19048.

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Civil unrest (protests, strikes, and “occupy” events) is a common occurrence in both democracies and authoritarian regimes. The study of civil unrest is a key topic for political scientists as it helps capture an important mechanism by which citizenry express themselves. In countries where civil unrest is lawful, qualitative analysis has revealed that more than 75% of the protests are planned, organized, and/or announced in advance; therefore detecting future time mentions in relevant news and social media is a direct way to develop a protest forecasting system. We develop such a system in this paper, using a combination of key phrase learning to identify what to look for, probabilistic soft logic to reason about location occurrences in extracted results, and time normalization to resolve future tense mentions. We illustrate the application of our system to 10 countries in Latin America, viz. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Results demonstrate our successes in capturing significant societal unrest in these countries with an average lead time of 4.08 days. We also study the selective superiorities of news media versus social media (Twitter, Facebook) to identify relevant tradeoffs.

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Lackner, Mario, Uwe Sunde, and Rudolf Winter-Ebmer. "The forces behind social unrest: Evidence from the Covid-19 pandemic." PLOS ONE 20, no. 1 (2025): e0314165. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314165.

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The unprecedented consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic have raised concerns about the erosion of social cohesion and intensified social unrest, but evidence for such a link and the underlying channels is still lacking. We use a unique combination of nationally representative survey data, event data on social unrest, and data on Covid-19 fatalities and unemployment at a weekly resolution to investigate the forces behind social cohesion and unrest in the context of the strains on public health and the economy due to the pandemic in the USA. The results show that pandemic-related unemployment and Covid-19 fatalities intensified negative emotional stress and led to a deterioration of economic confidence among individuals. The prevalence of negative emotional stress, particularly in economically strained and politically polarized environments, was, in turn, associated with intensified social unrest as measured by political protests. No such link is found for economic perceptions.

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CHOOWICHIAN, Nidarat, Darawan THAPINTA, Hunsa SETHABOUPPHA, and Petsunee THUNGJAROENKUL. "Factors Predicting Stress among Nurses in the Situation of Unrest of the Four Southern Border Provinces of Thailand." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 17, no. 3 (2019): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.5870.

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Stress is a significant health problem among nurses working in areas of political unrest and war. It can pose a negative impact on local health systems. This study aimed to explore the relationship of factors and their ability to predict stress. Factors included the severity of the situation of unrest, sense of coherence, commitment, self-efficacy, and social support that exists among nurses in these situations. The subjects were 300 nurses selected by multi-stage random sampling. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results indicated that the severity of the situation of unrest was positively significantly associated with stress among nurses at a high level (r = .527, p < .01) and sense of coherence (r = - .272, p < .01) was negatively significantly associated with stress among nurses at a low level.The severity of the situation of unrest, sense of coherence, and social support together predicted 32.2 % of the variance in stress among nurses. The severity of the situation of unrest was the most significant predictor of stress (27.7 %), followed by sense of coherence (3.4 %) and social support (2.1 %). Two factors associated with stress were the severity of the situation of unrest and sense of coherence, and three factors that predicted stress among nurses were the severity of the situation of unrest, sense of coherence, and social support. The findings can be used as basic data for nursing administrators to plan actions to prevent and deal with stress among nurses in situations of unrest by focusing on such predicting factors.

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Verme, Paolo. "Macroeconomic Policies and Social Unrest in Uzbekistan." Post-Soviet Affairs 22, no. 3 (2006): 276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1060-586x.22.3.276.

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16

Channaveer, R. M. "Social and economic perspectives of student unrest." Journal of Global Economy 6, no. 2 (2010): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v6i2.55.

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Student unrest has been a grave phenomenon and syndrome to educational system in India and world as such.Â Time and again student organizations give call for agitations to protest their dissent which is either just or unjust, causing violence and civic disturbance.Â Social anomaly of Indian society and politicization of student folk has further made the educational institutions more vibrant and dynamic organizations. The recent outburst of upper strata to dissent the OBC reservation in the elite higher educational institutions and that of Gujjar community to claim ST status ended in violence towards self and society. Any protest if it is ideology-based is activism; if it fosters violence-ideology it is unrest. Phenomenon of this nature brings to fore challenging issues related to democratic system.Â Whether means justify end or else it is conviction that the democratic institutions and political leadership respond to violence ideology.Â Or else is it social insensitivity that the Indian society is prone, which indicates apathy to peaceful means that do not yield any just benefits.Â Any restive outburst all over the world involves youth force especially from the institutions of higher education. Emerging postmodernism with changing socio-cultural context in the wake of neo-liberalism is a great challenge to the higher education. Indian society in post-independence period is passing through varied transitions in every decade. Green revolution, white revolution, grey revolution and social movements have changed the face of Indian society from time to time.Â Technological innovations and social constructivism have strengthened the democratic fabric.Â However, the collectivism of violence ideology to bring drastic changes has endangered the Indian society. Therefore, sociologists, economists and social work scholars have harped upon this phenomenon and attempted to explain it from different perspectives. The paper attempted to scan the social science literature to organize the perspectives proposed by social science scholars in order to develop holistic understanding about the phenomenon.

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17

Barrett, Philip. "Reported Social Unrest Index: March 2022 Update." IMF Working Papers 2022, no. 084 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9798400209253.001.

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Hlatshwayo, Sandile, and Chris Redl. "Forecasting Social Unrest: A Machine Learning Approach." IMF Working Papers 2021, no. 263 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781557758873.001.

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19

Makoni, Munyaradzi. "Social unrest disrupts South African health care." Lancet 398, no. 10297 (2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01654-8.

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20

Gwatipedza, Johnson, and Thorsten Janus. "Public investment under autocracy and social unrest." Economics & Politics 31, no. 1 (2018): 112–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12123.

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Barrett, Philip. "Reported Social Unrest Index: September 2024 Update." IMF Working Papers 2024, no. 225 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9798400290893.001.

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Wade, Lee M. "Social unrest and community oriented policing services." Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 27, no. 6 (2017): 636–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2017.1305939.

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Barrett, Philip. "Reported Social Unrest Index: August 2023 Update." IMF Working Papers 2023, no. 168 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9798400252266.001.

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24

Kollias, Christos, and Panayiotis Tzeremes. "The nexus between social unrest and economic growth in Middle East and Central Asia countries." Review of Economics and Political Science 7, no. 2 (2022): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/reps-06-2021-0059.

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Purpose Conflict and civil strife adversely affect the economy since it severely disrupts the normal, daily routine of economic activity. Similarly, economic downturns can trigger discontent that has the potential to escalate into social unrest and strife. Using the recently compiled index on social unrest (RSUI) of Barrett et al. (2020), the paper sets out to examine the nexus between economic growth and social unrest in the case of 29 Middle East and Central Asia countries over the period 2000–2018.Design/methodology/approach To probe into the issue at hand, the paper adopts a panel causality approach. To this effect, two panel causality tests are used. The first is the heterogeneous panel causality model proposed by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) is employed. The second panel Granger causality test is the frequency domain causality test constructed by Breitung and Candelon (2006) and extended for panel testing by Croux and Reusens (2013).Findings The results of the causality tests indicate a strong bidirectional nexus between civil unrest and economic growth. The findings support the contention that civil strife adversely affects economic performance and economic downturns can trigger discontent and unrest.Research limitations/implications Albeit consistent and robust, the results reported herein concern the specific sample of countries under scrutiny. Extending the analysis to other groups of countries will offer better insights into the nexus between civil unrest and economic performance.Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present paper is the first to address the nexus between social unrest and economic growth for this group of countries using the recently compiled index on social unrest (RSUI).

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Stamps, David, and Dana Mastro. "The Problem With Protests: Emotional Effects of Race-Related News Media." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 97, no. 3 (2019): 617–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699019891433.

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It is well documented that news media’s coverage of social unrest is sensationalized; however, our knowledge is limited in understanding how the intersection of race with depictions of social unrest influences emotional responses to this content. By applying assumptions from the protest paradigm and intergroup emotions theory, the current set of studies experimentally examines this relationship. Results indicate that racialized news images of dramatized social unrest provoke heightened, complex group-based affective responses that vary based on aspects of psychological group identification among audiences. These outcomes suggest that journalistic practices, whether or not intentionally, may exacerbate race relations regarding social change.

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Omodan, Dr Bunmi I. "Deconstructing Social Unrest as a Response to Redefine Strained Relationships between Students and University Authorities." International Journal of Higher Education 9, no. 6 (2020): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n6p178.

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University system in Nigeria has been characterised by persistent social unrest majorly traceable to strained relationships between students and university authorities. Observations, experiences and literature confirmed that student unrest in the universities had become a compulsory devil affecting the speedy actualisation of university goals and objectives. The need to dismantle the social space for relative peace and tranquillity thereof become expedient. The study aims to redefine students-university authority relationships as a tool to deconstruct social unrest in Nigeria universities. Human Relations Theory of Management (HRTM) was used to theorise the study. Transformative paradigm as a stance to emancipate the existing unrest situation was used to lens the study. Participatory Action Research (PAR) was adopted as a research design for the study. The sample size for this study consists of 10 participants, namely, three students' leaders; one past student leaders, three university management members, two lecturers and two security personnel selected using expert sampling techniques. The Focused Group Discussion (FGD) was used to collect data from the participants, and the data collected were analysed using Socio-thematic Analysis. The study revealed that inadequate funding was a significant challenge resulting in student unrest. In contrast, the provision of Students' Personnel Services coupled with modern maintenance culture, transparency and accountability were found to be the dimension of peaceful university operation devoid of social unrest and therefore becomes a tool to deconstruct the strained relationship between students and university authorities.

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Qiao, Fengcai, Pei Li, Xin Zhang, Zhaoyun Ding, Jiajun Cheng, and Hui Wang. "Predicting Social Unrest Events with Hidden Markov Models Using GDELT." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8180272.

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Proactive handling of social unrest events which are common happenings in both democracies and authoritarian regimes requires that the risk of upcoming social unrest event is continuously assessed. Most existing approaches comparatively pay little attention to considering the event development stages. In this paper, we use autocoded events dataset GDELT (Global Data on Events, Location, and Tone) to build a Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) based framework to predict indicators associated with country instability. The framework utilizes the temporal burst patterns in GDELT event streams to uncover the underlying event development mechanics and formulates the social unrest event prediction as a sequence classification problem based on Bayes decision. Extensive experiments with data from five countries in Southeast Asia demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework, which outperforms the logistic regression method by 7% to 27% and the baseline method 34% to 62% for various countries.

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Rosenfeld, Richard, and Ernesto Lopez. "Pandemic, Social Unrest, and Crime in U.S. Cities." Federal Sentencing Reporter 33, no. 1-2 (2020): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2020.33.1-2.72.

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Gupta, Nitin, and Rachna Bhargava. "Social unrest and its impact on mental health." Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry 36, no. 1 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_27_20.

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MKWAKWAMI, Kudzai S., Tererai NHOKODI, and Roman TANDLICH. "SOCIAL UNREST AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA." Krízový Manažment 18, no. 1 (2019): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/krm.c.2019.1.47-53.

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Lee, Cheuk Kwong. "Reflection from managing blood supply during social unrest." Transfusion Medicine 32, no. 2 (2021): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tme.12832.

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Ricci, Luca, and Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov. "Understanding Chile’s Social Unrest in an International Perspective." IMF Working Papers 2021, no. 174 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513586229.001.

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Hoopes, James. "Managing a riot: Chester Barnard and social unrest." Management Decision 40, no. 10 (2002): 1013–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740210452872.

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Oxenboell, Morten. "TheMineaikiand discourses on social unrest in medieval Japan." Japan Forum 18, no. 1 (2006): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09555800500498087.

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Caroca Soto, Paulina, Carlos Cartes, Toby P. Davies, Jocelyn Olivari, Sergio Rica, and Katia Vogt-Geisse. "The anatomy of the 2019 Chilean social unrest." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 30, no. 7 (2020): 073129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0006307.

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Braggion, Fabio, Alberto Manconi, and Haikun Zhu. "Credit and social unrest: Evidence from 1930s China." Journal of Financial Economics 138, no. 2 (2020): 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.05.001.

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Lefèvre, Raphaël. "The roots of growing social unrest in Tunisia." Journal of North African Studies 22, no. 4 (2017): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2017.1343429.

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Piper, Gemmicka, Mahasin Ameen, and M. Sara Lowe. "Motivations for the Creation of Social Justice Guides: A Survey of ARL Member Institutions." portal: Libraries and the Academy 23, no. 4 (2023): 745–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.2023.a908700.

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abstract: This study surveyed librarians and staff at Association of Research Libraries (ARL) member institutions to determine who assembles social justice guides (that is, LibGuides), what motivated the creation of such guides, and how these guides are deployed. Additionally, the survey gauged employee perceptions of library and institutional responses to social unrest. Sociopolitical events, perceived educational need, and work assignments to develop such a guide were the primary reasons motivating the creation of the guides. Social justice guides are seldom incorporated or deployed into wider library or institutional programming, however. Overall, library and institutional diversity statements and responses to social unrest were perceived as words without action. Results from this survey shed light on library employee perceptions, on the emotional labor involved in the development of anti-racist resources, and on library and institutional responses to social unrest.

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Petla, Vhonani. "Information Disorders and Civil Unrest." Digital Policy Studies 2, no. 1 (2023): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/dps.v2i1.2538.

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Various scholars in the global north have explored information disorders and have been able to present findings on them and their implications on various sectors; unfortunately, this has not always been the case for the global South. This desktop study explores information disorders in South Africa during the July 2021 unrest in Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal between the 7-19 July. This paper demonstrates that information disorders on social media have been used as a catalyst for unrest; they are used to mobilize both those online and offline. This work shows how politicians and influential individuals used these disorders to facilitate and instigate civil unrest during July 2021. This work argues that people in political office and influential individuals should be aware of the responsibility of being influential and the consequences of their social media posts. The work further argues that despite various ways to counter these information disorders, the digital divide and literacy rate in South Africa make this challenging.

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Qiao, Fengcai, Xin Zhang, and Jinsheng Deng. "Learning Evolutionary Stages with Hidden Semi-Markov Model for Predicting Social Unrest Events." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (October 9, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3915036.

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Social unrest events are common happenings in modern society which need to be proactively handled. An effective method is to continuously assess the risk of upcoming social unrest events and predict the likelihood of these events. Our previous work built a hidden Markov model- (HMM-) based framework to predict indicators associated with country instability, leaving two shortcomings which can be optimized: omitting event participants’ interaction and implicitly learning the state residence time. Inspired by this, we propose a new prediction framework in this paper, using frequent subgraph patterns and hidden semi-Markov models (HSMMs). The feature called BoEAG (Bag-of-Event-Association-subGraph) is constructed based on frequent subgraph mining and the bag of word model. The new framework leverages the large-scale digital history events captured from GDELT (Global Data on Events, Location, and Tone) to characterize the transitional process of the social unrest events’ evolutionary stages, uncovering the underlying event development mechanics and formulating the social unrest event prediction as a sequence classification problem based on Bayes decision. Experimental results with data from five main countries in Southeast Asia demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method, which outperforms the traditional HMM by 5.3% to 16.8% and the logistic regression by 11.2% to 43.6%.

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Zadoks, J. C. "On Social and Political Effects of Plant Pest and Disease Epidemics." Phytopathology® 107, no. 10 (2017): 1144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-10-16-0369-fi.

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Selected historical pest and disease outbreaks in the Old World are discussed in view of their social and political consequences. Large-scale epidemics always caused social unrest, and often hunger, pestilence, and death. When coming on top of deeply rooted and widely spread social unrest such epidemics contributed to political change. Examples are the revolts following epidemics in 1789 and 1846. Epidemics, regardless of causal and target organisms, have elements in common. The notion of a common concept grew into a firmly established discipline: epidemiology.

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Lai, Daniel W. L., Vincent Lee, and Elsie Yan. "Factors Associated With Positive Aging and Happiness of the Older People in Hong Kong." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.378.

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Abstract Happiness is essential to one’s well-being and impact on every aspect of our lives. Happier people are living longer, they are healthier. Happier people are more likely to be physically active and enjoy better sleep habits and practices. While few existing research studies had examined the determinants of happiness of older people, especially in Chinese society. Understanding happiness in the context of social unrest and political instability is thus limited. This study tested the correlates of happiness at interpersonal, psychological and environmental levels at a time when there were extended scale of violence, destructions, and clashes in the community between police and protesters in late 2019 during the anti-extradition campaign. In social unrest, older people, due to their function and mobility, could be emotionally and physically vulnerable. A total of 1,209 older persons aged 55 and above from Hong Kong answered the questionnaire by stratified random sampling. Our findings show that their overall resilience was strongly and positively associated with levels of happiness. Due to the recent political instability Hong Kong, their satisfaction toward social and political situation of Hong Kong also correlated positively to levels of happiness. We suggest that future interventions and policy initiatives should put extra emotional and tangible support to older adults, particularly during social unrests and unstable political conditions, in addition to strategies for the enhancement of resilience and mental capital.

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Murrell, Audrey, Doris Rubio, Maya Thakar, Natalie Morone, and Gretchen White. "Mentoring as a Buffer for the Impact of Social Unrest due to Systemic Racism and Ambient Discrimination." Chronicle of Mentoring & Coaching 8, no. 1 (2024): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.62935/ba6211.

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Mentoring may act as a buffer for the negative impacts of racial trauma. Building Up (conducted 2020-2024) is a cluster-randomized trial at 25 institutions of postdoctoral fellows and early-career faculty from underrepresented backgrounds. Generalized linear mixed models were used to identify mentoring competencies associated with the impact of social unrest due to systemic racism. Eighty-two percent of participants (n=143) identified as female, 33% as non-Hispanic Black, and 36% as Hispanic. Mentoring that aligns expectations and mentoring that assesses understanding were significantly associated with social unrest due to systemic racism impacting ability to work (OR=2.84 and OR=0.52, respectively) and conduct research (OR=4.21 and OR=0.41, respectively). Future research should elucidate specific aspects of mentoring relationships that serve as a buffer during times of social unrest.

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Johnston, David, Brad Scott, Bruce Houghton, et al. "Social and economic consequences of historic caldera unrest at the Taupo volcano, New Zealand and the management of future episodes of unrest." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 35, no. 4 (2002): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.35.4.215-230.

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In 1998, changes in a number of indicators (earthquakes and uplift) at two of New Zealand's active volcanic caldera systems (Okataina and Taupo) resulted in increased public, local and central government awareness and some concern about the potential significance of volcanic unrest at a caldera volcano. This paper summarises the episodes of unrest recorded at Taupo caldera since 1895. There have been four significant events (1895, 1922, 1963-64 and 1983) that have included earthquake activity and ground deformation. Caldera unrest is one of the most difficult situations the volcanological and emergency management communities will have to deal with. There is potential for adverse social and economic impacts to escalate unnecessarily, unless the event is managed appropriately. Adverse response to caldera unrest may take the form of the release of inappropriate advice, media speculation, unwarranted emergency declarations and premature cessation of economic activity and community services. A non-volcanic-crisis time provides the best opportunity to develop an understanding of the caldera unrest phenomena, and the best time to establish educational programmes, funding systems for enhanced emergency response and volcano surveillance and to develop co-ordinated contingency plans.

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Schiefelbein, Ernesto. "Chile: Improving Access and Quality to Stop Social Unrest." International Higher Education, no. 68 (March 25, 2015): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2012.68.8620.

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Chile has faced significant student unrest, and accompanying political instability. The causes of this activism were mainly increased tuition in higher education that were imposed without any improvement in academic standards.

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Spulber, Diana. "Intercultural education and social contentment." Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2018-0004.

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Abstract With the incremented mass movement the society is in a significant transformation, this fact can be a risk for social unrest. Demographic evolution and change of the society stress the challenges for the institutions. The school represent one of the institutions where future citizens are educated and formed. The classroom is a mirror of the society in change. Today the school is a place of meeting of different cultures; we have more and more multicultural classes with pupils from different countries. The proposed work will analyse how intercultural education can influence the risk of social unrest and improve social contentment. In particular, will be stressed the concept of how the education of intercultural competences can allow the future adults to participate in a constructive and effective way to social and professional life. Method: empirical analysis of literature and research done in the field of intercultural education analysis of the current situation through the ecological model of Brofenbrenner with a specific focus on micro and mesosystem and correlation between all ecosystems.

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Laikwan. "Identity Politics and Democracy in Hong Kong's Social Unrest." Feminist Studies 46, no. 1 (2020): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.15767/feministstudies.46.1.0206.

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Mowbray, Martin. "Social Unrest Sparks the Welfare Response — Mt. Druitt 1981." Australian Quarterly 57, no. 1/2 (1985): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635314.

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Gordon, Leonard A., and Rajat Kanta Ray. "Social Conflict and Political Unrest in Bengal, 1875-1927." American Historical Review 91, no. 3 (1986): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1869270.

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Laikwan, Pang. "Identity Politics and Democracy in Hong Kong's Social Unrest." Feminist Studies 46, no. 1 (2020): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fem.2020.0008.

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