Relevant bibliographies by topics / Social values and state of production

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Social values and state of production'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Popkewitz, Thomas S. "Culture, Pedagogy, and Power: Issues in the Production of Values and Colonialization." Journal of Education 170, no. 2 (April 1988): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205748817000204.

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The problem of culture contains contradictory social interests. It gives reference in current political debates about the role of dominant traditions and disenfranchised groups, providing a point of reference to the tensions of modernization and control by the state. The concept of culture also entails the creation of social fields that contain power relations. Current educational reforms to alter participation and teaching can be viewed as discourse practices that establish forms of representation of self and other related to particular Western values. Efforts toward multicultural education may in fact normalize power relations and enable the supervision and regulation of individuals in a far more powerful way than older forms of colonialization.
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Enibe, D. O. "Analysis Of The Social And Cultural Values Contraining Increased African Apple Production In Anambra State Of Nigeria." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 5 (May 16, 2020): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.75.8176.

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This study analysed the social and cultural values constraining increased African Star Apple (ASA, Chrysophilum albidum) production in Anambra State of Nigeria. Data were collected using interview schedule on 80 respondents selected from six major assembly markets in six town communities of two Agricultural zones of the State. Ten respondents (5 men and 5 women) who are natives of the communities hosting the markets were selected through Snow ball sampling method (SBSM) from each of the markets. The interview schedule was mainly on yes or no questions. From the respondents, 7 in-depth interviews were conducted for detailed information on ASA important issues such as the crop’s feast activities, children’s song while under the trees and beliefs. Data were achieved with descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency distribution and Tables. The study showed that: ASA production and consumption in the study area are by 100% constrained with social and cultural norms such as none planting, none harvesting, public ownership and free fruits collection. The result also reveals that the studied communities differ in their ASA fruit selling and buying norms and in ASA feast in the past and that they do not easily change their norms except on certain conditions such as knowledge gain and sensitization. The study inter alia recommends that effort to increase or commercialize its production by entrepreneurs requires orientation or sensitization of the tradition custodians in the communities and adequate protection of the trees in farm fields or plantations.
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Kryvoshein, V. V. "Social risks of postmodernity: essence and classification." Epistemological Studies in Philosophy, Social and Political Sciences 1, no. 1-2 (September 21, 2017): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/341803.

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It is revealed that the concept of ‘social risk’ was formed in line with the creation of the theory of social state and the theory of welfare state. Social risk is defined as the probability of a person losing material resources to meet his basic needs, necessary for the preservation and reproduction of a full-fledged life as a member of society. These basic needs include food, clothing, housing, medical care and social services. It is proved that the objective basis of social risk is the antagonistic nature of social relations, structural features, the nature, growth of social exclusion, the violation of adaptive processes in society, as well as the widespread distribution of various kinds of deviations among the population.Particular attention is paid to the description of the modern model of social risk. It is established that a fundamentally new type of social risk is a global risk as a product of a post-industrial society. In conditions of globalization, a list of life circumstances that violate the normal livelihoods of the individual and which it can not overcome on its own, is expanding substantially. Such unconventional social risks include support for families with children, education and care for children, care for sick children and parents, assistance in housing construction and maintenance, maternity support for a period of interrupted vocational education of up to five years per child, poverty, etc.Trace the evolution of the content of social risks from the industrial society of the period of initial accumulation of capital to modern (post-industrial) society. If, at an early stage, social risks were generated by the production and distribution of goods, values, today they are produced by the production and distribution of the dangers (actually existing) and fears (subjectively existing), that is, social risks in the society of risk are self-replicating, and this production becomes expanded , that is, it involves the phases of self-production (reproduction), distribution and consumption of risks.
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Schrempf, Mona. "Re-production at Stake: Experiences of Family Planning and Fertility among Amdo Tibetan Women." Asian Medicine 6, no. 2 (September 15, 2012): 321–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15734218-12341237.

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Abstract Biographical interviews with Tibetan women in rural Amdo (Qinghai Province, China) indicate that many women above 40 years of age experienced family planning as a threat to their reproductive health, social status and economic production. Even though family planning, implemented since 1980, was experienced differently among the targeted women, they nevertheless addressed the same social pressure of having to reconcile normative birth control administered by the Chinese state with Tibetan socio-cultural norms and values of fertility focused upon preferences for sons. Renowned female Tibetan doctors in private and public clinics and hospitals were Tibetan women’s preferred and trusted addressees for voluntary birth control and reproductive health. I argue therefore, that in order to understand the effects of family planning on targeted Tibetan women, socio-cultural values of fertility need to be taken into account as they are expressed in women’s narratives of their bio-psycho-social, gendered and ethnic selves.
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Davis, Deborah. "Chinese Social Welfare: Policies and Outcomes." China Quarterly 119 (September 1989): 577–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000022943.

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China in the 1980s is in the midst of a social revolution as far–reaching as either Land Reform or the early years of the Cultural Revolution. After four decades of championing the superiority of state monopolies and the evils of private ownership, the leaders of the Politburo have decollectivized agriculture, advocated commodification of land values, encouraged private trade and investment, and explicitly agreed that it is good if a few get rich first. Rural citizens in particular have responded with alacrity to this privatization of work and the retreat of the Party and the state from the daily management of agriculture. The household farm has become the basic unit of production for the first time since 1952, and private entrepreneurs have transformed the structure of rural commerce and manufacturing. Average incomes in rural areas trebled in the decade after 1977 and the economic gap between rural and urban citizens noticeably narrowed.
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Kassahun, Ayalew, Elise du Chatenier, Pieter Bots, Gertjan Hofstede, Jacqueline Bloemhof, Huub Scholten, Siem Korver, and Adrie Beulens. "QChain – integrating social, environmental and economic value: a tool to support innovation in production chains." Journal on Chain and Network Science 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2011.qpork7.

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Today's consumers increasingly demand products that are produced sustainably and ethically. As a result, businesses need to address sustainability and social responsibility issues and find a proper balance between people, planet and profit (PPP) aspects of their production chains. Software tools can play an important role in mapping out the current state of PPP aspects along the production chain, and in the design and evaluation of improvement options. There are indeed many tools that are claimed to be useful for sustainability and social responsibility considerations. Yet, a tool that addresses all three aspects of value creation holistically and facilitates discussion is missing. In this paper we present the development of such a tool, called QChain. The development of this tool was based on ideas from soft systems methodology and inputs from a multidisciplinary team of experts and managers. The tool is intended to support group discussions, particularly during the early stages of innovation processes aimed at improving PPP aspects of production chains. It enables users to visualize the essential elements of the current production chain showing the current PPP values, and explore and compare possible future production chain scenarios and the corresponding PPP values. QChain's visualization helps discussants get a rich appreciation of the current and future scenarios, while the semi-quantitative 'what-if' analysis and scenario comparison enables them to hold objective discussions.
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Zhukov, E. A. "THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE STATE SOCIAL-ECONOMICAL POLICY (Part 3)." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2018.9.2.260-269.

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This article is the final part of the complex author's research, and is a continuation of the previously published sections of the article in this journal (DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.1.136.140; DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.3.132.136).In the previous sections, the author examined the features of modern Russian socio-economic state policy in general and its financial component in particular. The answers to the questions were found and a systematic view of the essence of the state socio-economic policy was given. It was shown that the economic potential of the state determines the level of development and use of the three only possible production resources at all times. This is living labor (human resources companies), materialized (past) labour (main production funds) and material and energy resources developed and being in production turnover. Russia, like no other state in the world, has the potential all these production resources for timely, complete and quality provision of reasonable material and spiritual needs of all its citizens.Purpose: the aim of the presented final part of the research is a critical assessment of the tax legislation in force in Russia, and the reasoned justification that a reasonable tax system is an essential tool for sustainable economic growth.Methods: the methodological basis of the research was the General scientific methods of cognition (dialectic; coexistence of historic and logistic approaches; structure and function analysis; expert evaluation of social-economic policy).Results: considering Russia's economic potential and its use, it was noted that the modern state socio-economic policy is contrary to the objective economic laws of the formation of the social state. This creates favorable prerequisites for the formation of state-oligarchic capitalism in Russia, that is, the merging of private business with government officials. In words, this is accompanied by a fierce fight against corruption in the higher echelons of power, but in reality only contributes to its prosperity. Such a socio-economic policy inevitably leads to a greater lag in the economic development of Russia from the advanced post-industrial countries, rolling it to the margins of world development, and the transformation of our state into a raw material appendage and supplier of cheap labor for the progressively developing countries. It is inadmissible not to understand this to persons responsible for state social and economic policy.Conclusions and Relevance: the proposals on improving the Russian state tax policy as one of the most important conceptual bases of the country's successful social and economic development have been developed. When deciding on documents so crucial for the country, it is necessary to be guided not by the lobbying of narrowly departmental and personal interests, but by conceptual scientific bases. They should determine the social and economic effectiveness of such a policy in the development of a society that really strives to achieve the main values in the life of each person: the knowledge of the truth, a longer life expectancy, sufficiency and well-being.
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Sripokangkul, Siwach. "The teaching of royalist-nationalist civic education and history in Thai schools: Education for the production of ‘docile subjects’." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00049_1.

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As a response to the protracted political conflict that has plagued Thailand for over a decade, Thai royalist-nationalists have stated that the problem of Thai political development derives from a lack of ‘citizenship’ characteristics in Thais. In their view, the best solution is to educate the masses and to cultivate civic education by teaching both it and normative Thai ‘core values’, together with royalist-nationalist history, as subjects to students. As a result, students are destined to become patriotic ‘saviours’. They are expected to be strong citizens who can solve the political development ‘problem’ of democracy under the ‘Democratic Regime of the Government with the King as Head of State’. This article seeks to understand how the two topics of civic education and history have been taught in Thai schools for twelve years, covering both primary and secondary schools. What type of Thai citizen does this curriculum desire to produce? The author rigorously analysed a corpus of civic education and history teaching material, and argues that the contents of these topics are designed to transform students into ‘docile subjects’. They are ideally ‘objects’ that are to be ordered and imposed upon by the state ideology, shaping them into ultra-royalists and ultra-nationalists.
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Beck, Sam. "Knowledge Production and Emancipatory Social Movements from the Heart of Globalised Hipsterdom, Williamsburg, Brooklyn." Anthropology in Action 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/aia.2016.230104.

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AbstractThe nature of capitalism in its neoliberal form is decreasing higher education’s exclusive domain of knowledge production by exposing students to and exploiting local knowledge production. This has created a paradox. Experiential learning is being supported as ‘academic’ because students learn skills, values and perspectives by engaging in communities of practice. Through community service learning and social justice oriented internships, students learn about emancipatory social movements while simultaneously providing their intellectual capital. Urban Semester Program students participate in the movement for affordable housing, with its origins in post-war Williamsburg, Brooklyn, where many Puerto Ricans settled. Engaged in a struggle against displacement, for self-determination and developing community sustainability by advocating and winning low and moderate income housing, residents are determined to remain in their neighbourhood. Students are engaged in this struggle and connect this exposure to their internships, and the globalising world economy, the role of the state, and corporate power.
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Owen, Catherine. "The ‘internationalisation agenda’ and the rise of the Chinese university: Towards the inevitable erosion of academic freedom?" British Journal of Politics and International Relations 22, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 238–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148119893633.

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This essay is a critical reflection on the challenge to academic freedom presented by the globalisation of practices of knowledge production. It explores a tension within the logic of the internationalisation agenda: UK universities are premised upon forms of knowledge production whose roots lie in European Enlightenment values of rationalism, empiricism and universalism, yet partnerships are growing with universities premised on rather different, non-liberal and, perhaps, incommensurable values. Therefore, in advancing the internationalisation agenda in non-liberal environments, UK-based scholars find themselves caught between a rock and a hard place: either legitimising and sustaining the subjection of knowledge production to the state on one hand, or engaging in a form of epistemological colonialism by demanding adherence to ‘our values’ on the other. Using Chinese research culture as an illustration, the article contributes to ongoing debate on the ethics of social science research collaboration with universities based in contrasting epistemological cultures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Peterson, Therése. "Samspelet mellan ekologi, produktionsförhållande, politik och sociokulturella faktorer gällande Östersjöns torskbestånd från 1970-talet till 2003." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2401.

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The study begins with a historical background over the fisheries development in North America and in the Baltic Sea area in Finland and Sweden. As we can see the fisheries development depends on the interaction between ecology, state of production, politic and also social factors. In Sweden the fishery politic has changed over the period of the study. In the 1970: s the main politic focus was on the fisheries progress, expansion and rationalization. The State in Sweden took a vast part in this development and gave economic support. In the 1980: s the fishery politic in Sweden started to change and the environmental politics began to enter the fishery politic. The environmental problems in the Baltic Sea were given attention and it was a great anxiety over the eutrophication. In the 1980: s the codpopulation declined and with them the catches declined. The conflict over the White zone 1978-1988 between Former Soviet Union and Sweden resulted in a plunder fishery in the area east of Bornholm. This plunder fishery effected the cod population enormous and the effect has continued to the late 1990: s.

In 1995 Sweden joined the European Union and the common fishery politic replaced the Swedish fishery politic.

The system with TAC (Total Allowable Catch) is central in the common politic and it is used to control the cod catches. But the problem is that the TAC -volume has been higher than the codpopulation could stand. Despite the politic goal in Sweden and EU to preserve the codpopulation in the Baltic Sea, the codpopulation has continued to decline. The reason to this politic failure is that the limit of the ecology has been overseen. Instead, the economic and social values have been dominating the politic and together with a to weak control of the catches and environmental problems in the Baltic Sea, the situation for the cod has been devastating.

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Whitecross, Richard William. "Zhabdrung's legacy : state transformation, law and social values in contemporary Bhutan." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8369.

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Based on ethnographic research in Bhutan and among Bhutanese living in Nepal, this thesis examines the reach of law in everyday life in contemporary Bhutan. Drawing on inter-linked themes of social values drawn from Buddhist teachings and the importance of morality, power and legitimacy, I examine popular discourse of and about law. It contributes to current arguments in socio-legal studies and anthropology concerning the reach of law in contemporary societies and its significance in everyday life. Furthermore, my thesis represents the first ethnographic account of law and society in Bhutan. It makes a valuable contribution not only to our understanding of Bhutan, but also provides an ideal opportunity to examine everyday conceptions of law as the Bhutanese State promotes legal change that draw on non-indigenous models. The thesis considers the impact of the creation of a modem, independent judiciary and recent changes in legal education and the increasing amount of legislation and secondary regulations. However, the everyday construction of law, as well as the meanings and uses to which law are put, raises problems. Therefore, I turn to examine how ordinary people create and develop a sense of the law by focussing on the development of legal consciousness. To do this, I look less at the formal legal processes of the law than at the narratives about law from a number of Bhutanese. These narratives focus on the importance of community values and notions of morality and legitimacy, which simultaneously draw on a prevalent authoritative public discourse concerning social behaviour and individual re-interpretations and resistance within the broad framework of the discourse. I examine the interrelationship between these various features, which evoke, on an individual level, a sense of "legal consciousness" and I develop how this informs daily life. This interrelationship highlights the dynamism of the process and the fluidity of ideas and adaptability to changing needs and relationships of power. This approach allows for an examination of law situated within, rather than separate from, everyday life in order to analyse the fragmentary and often inconsistent use made by individuals of the legal orders and forums available to them.
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Smith, Adrian. "Enduring unfreedom: law and the state in Trinidadian sugar production." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103610.

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In the context of sugar production in Trinidad, the dissertation examines the role of law and the state in the incorporation of unfree labour during the colonial and early post-colonial period. In orienting the analytical focus to account for the human agency and resistance of sugar workers, the dissertation finds that law and the state channel worker opposition into processes or pathways of exit. These exit processes mediate the shifts within, and transitions between, unfree labour regimes. Three key observations emerge from the historical analysis. First, the "mobilize to immobilize" dynamic, which describes how legal regimes tightly structured the movement and relocation of unfree sugar workers, represents a broad and generalizable phenomenon. Second, the "pathways to exit" illustrate the ways that law channels opposition and shapes expectations. Third, the recurring demands of "recruitment" and "retention" made by owners, demonstrates how aggregated capital's need for labour power extraction is internalized within and facilitated by the state. In constituting the conditions and relations of unfree labour, law and the state render unfree labour an enduring (if strategic) feature of capitalism.
Le mémoire examine le rôle du droit et de l'État dans l'incorporation de la main-d'œuvre non libre pendant la période coloniale et au début de l'ère postcoloniale dans le contexte de la production de sucre sur l'île Trinité. En orientant l'approche analytique pour expliquer la capacité ou non d'agir des individus et la résistance des travailleurs du sucre, le mémoire constate que le droit et l'État canalisent l'opposition des travailleurs vers des processus ou des sentiers de sortie. Ces processus de sortie servent d'intermédiaires aux changements internes et aux transitions des régimes de main-d'œuvre non libre. Trois observations clés découlent de cette analyse historique. En premier lieu, la dynamique « mobiliser pour immobiliser », qui décrit comment les régimes juridiques ont structuré étroitement le mouvement et le déplacement des travailleurs du sucre non libres, représente un phénomène vaste et généralisable. Deuxièmement, les « sentiers de sortie » illustrent les méthodes utilisées par le droit pour canaliser l'opposition et façonner les attentes. Troisièmement, les demandes répétées de « recrutement » et de « rétention » des propriétaires démontrent comment l'État intériorise et facilite le besoin d'extraction de la force de travail du capital agrégé. En établissant les conditions et les relations de la main-d'œuvre non libre, le droit et l'État font de la main-d'œuvre non libre un élément persistant (bien que stratégique) du capitalisme.
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Miller, Timothy Mark. "The new traditionalist movement: a study of church, state, and economy." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101241.

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In the past, emergence of right-wing conservative moral reform movements has resulted in profound changes for our society. Two of the most visible examples would be the 18th amendment establishing the prohibition of alcohol and the movement to destroy communism in America, McCarthyism. since the mid-1970’s, a movement in America has been gaining strength to once again morally reform America. Some of the issues now on the new right agenda are: banning abortion, getting prayer back in school, and defeating the Equal Rights Amendment. In this study, we first draw an historical comparison between the current moral reform movement and one of the past (e.q. McCarthyism). Second, we test the relative explanatory power of two different theories that attempt to account for the origins of moral reform ideas using data 1977 and 1982.
M.S.
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Wong, Chack-kie. "Ideology, welfare mix and the production of welfare : a comparative study of child daycare policies in Britain and Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1792/.

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This is a study of the inter-relationship between welfare ideology, welfare mix and the production of welfare. It has been hypothesized that the welfare ideology of a state is likely to affect its choice of welfare mix and the kind of social relations produced in the wider society. In this study, normative theories of the welfare state were reformulated by an analytical framework into theoretical models of the welfare state as pre-test patterns for comparison with practical policies under study. Child daycare provisions in Britain and Hong Kong were chosen as the data to test the hypothesis. A multiple-case-embedded design was used in organizing this comparative study. It was found that practising ideologies are more predictive than idealized ideologies of state social policy. It was also found that state social policy in the realm of child daycare was related to its ideology : state ideology affects the choice of a mix of welfare sectors and the form welfare is organised in the production of social relations in the two societies studied. Nevertheless, the inter-relationship between state ideology, welfare mix and welfare production is constrained by three intervening variables. They are bureau-professional autonomy, interplay between opposing ideologies and flexibility of ideology in the interpretation of state welfare because of a changing environment. When the findings were examined from another perspective, welfare sector and welfare production were seen to carry ideological meanings. This implies that a transaction of welfare goods and services is not only a transaction of material or tangible social services, but it is also an ideological transaction of different social principles which underlie the welfare sectors. This has led to the development of a theory of the ideological production of welfare as an explanation of the relationship between ideology and welfare sectors in the division of care and welfare responsibilities in a society. Based on this theory, the limitations of instrumental theories about the welfare mix were discussed. In conclusion, in the light of wider social and economic changes within capitalism, an integrative strategy concerning the welfare mix in particular and welfare in general has been proposed which duly recognizes the importance of ideology in maintaining social relations in a society as well as the social context which these social relations underlie.
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Frame, Lesley. "Technological change in Southwestern Asia: Metallurgical production styles and social values during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195816.

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The beginnings of metallurgical activity have intrigued scholars for decades. In this dissertation, I explore early metallurgical activity on the Iranian Plateau represented by the evidence at Tal-i Iblis in southern Iran, and Seh Gabi and Godin Tepe in central northern Iran. Together, these sites offer a diachronic view of metal production on the Plateau as well as a view of metallurgical activities practiced at different scales of production. The metallurgical materials from Tal-i Iblis are firmly dated to the late 6th to early 5th millennia BCE, and this corpus includes hundreds of crucible fragments excavated from multiple trash dumps. Seh Gabi and Godin Tepe offer a smaller range of production materials from the 4th through 2nd millennia BCE, but they also include a large collection of finished metal objects. These later materials differ in style and process from the Iblis debris.Thorough examination of these artifacts, combined with comparison to a series of carefully controlled casting experiments, has returned numerous significant results. The metallurgy of the Iranian Plateau does not fit the standard model of early metallurgical development. The Iblis crucibles do not reflect an early "experimental" stage in copper production. Rather, these artifacts represent a carefully controlled, production process with a narrow range of variability in both temperature and reducing atmosphere. Further, there is clear evidence for the preference of arsenical-copper alloys at Tal-i Iblis. These ancient craftspeople sought high-quality ores from a source (the Talmessi copper deposit) over 500 km from their production facility.Metallurgical production on the Iranian Plateau is also characterized by the long-term use of crucibles as the primary reaction vessel well into the 2nd millennium BCE. There are some production centers on the Iranian Plateau that see the use of furnaces during the 3rd millennium, but crucible use persists at many sites. At Godin Tepe--a site with significant evidence for contact with the Mesopotamian lowlands--variability in crucible form increases in later periods to include an Egyptian-style crucible during the 2nd millennium BCE. The presence of this crucible suggests that there was contact with foreign metallurgical processes, but the preference for small, portable reaction vessels persisted.
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Farrow, Soyna Hester, and Donna Marie Monroe. "Social work students: The learning of professional values in a graduate program." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1843.

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Afolabi, Monsurat Mojirayo. "Commercialization of agriculture in Nigeria : a gender analysis of cash crop production in Yekemi, Osun State." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14598.

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The commercialization of agriculture is seen as a cornerstone of processes of development and modernisation and the incorporation of rural farmers into this economy shows their importance as a major pillar in the economy. In Nigeria, cash crop production is highly significant for farmers in terms of raising their income and improving their economic status. It tends to be the case that within Nigerian contexts, broadly speaking, there continues to exist patriarchal forms of social organization and normative gender relations. In Yorubaland, even though the word ‘farmer’ as a term for involvement in agriculture is gender-neutral, the societal job demarcations, coupled with cultural expectations, makes the word ‘farmer’ become synonymous with ‘male’ and women are seen as farmers’ wives. Little attention or recognition is paid to women farmers within agricultural production and their economic contribution to national economies through commercial agriculture, with little or no gender-segregated data on agricultural outputs. This thesis examines the impact of women’s involvement in the commercialization of cash crop production on gender relations at inter and intra household levels, focusing on Yekemi. It examines the effects of men migrating from Yekemi on cash crop production; the phenomenon of a shift in gender roles in the Yekemi community; the causative factors; the reactions of men to the shift; and the future prospects and lessons of the shift. An ethnographic approach was used, involving observations, interviews, visitations, walking the land and focus group discussions to gather detailed data about the change in status quo in gendered power relations. This study reveals the power dynamics associated with female cash crop farmers. It shows that Yekemi, though a traditional rural setting, has overcome some of these traditional gender divisions and gender segregation in agricultural labour. I discovered that women in Yekemi empower themselves through their involvement in agricultural commercialization of cash crop production, which incurs recognition of their status as farmers in the village and ability to exercise agency in decision making within their households. From the findings the thesis concludes that if participation in agricultural commercialization could be responsible for sustained economic independence and shifts in gender power dynamics beyond traditional norms in Yekemi, this could be seen as a critical example for use elsewhere. It could have significant implications for other female farmers and help to develop ways to empower rural women to gain a more visible and recognized foothold within commercial agriculture.
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Todd, Alexa North. "Mapping Sociocultural Values of Visitors on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1637.

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Contested land-management plans make spatial data about values that people attach to the landscape necessary for federal land management. The study area for this project is the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, an area that is divided by a complex mosaic of land jurisdictions, including public lands administered by the National Park Service, National Forest Service, and Washington State, as well as interspersed tribal and private landholdings surrounding the perimeter. During the summer of 2012, I collected map and survey data from visitors at fourteen popular destinations around the Olympic Peninsula, including visitor centers, campgrounds, trail access points, and a ferry. Three research objectives were evaluated in my thesis: 1) determine a general typology of visitors, 2) understand what values and activities visitors associate with places in the peninsula, and 3) compare visitor data with resident data from the Human Ecology Mapping Project (HEM), a collaboration between the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, the Institute of Culture and Ecology, and Portland State University. Analysis using ArcGIS included density and density hot spot calculations for a composite of the data as well as subsets based on types of visitors and individual values and activities. A majority of the participants were older males with higher education. Results indicate that visitors with different levels of familiarity spend time in different parts of the Peninsula. Aesthetic, recreation, and wilderness are the values most often included in the survey; hiking, non-cardio recreation, and sociocultural are the activity groups most often included in the survey. Visitors primarily mark places in Olympic National Park. Visitors, including those who live locally, responded in strikingly different ways than residents who participated in HEM. This research produced expected results that not only substantiate knowledge about specific places in the Olympic Peninsula, but also support theories about environmental cognition.
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Itó, Corrêa A. (Andreíza). "Environmental, social and economic impacts of organic, Fairtrade soybean production in Brazil:risk assessment study for Paraná state." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201805312005.

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This work assessed the environmental, social and economic impacts associated with the production of soybeans in Brazil. Standards and legislation for organic and Fairtrade production are investigated. Based on the literature review, a Risk Assessment of organic and Fairtrade soybeans from Paraná-Brazil was performed using a risk matrix. The risks were assessed based on scientific articles, newspapers, and reports to consider the view from different stakeholders such as farmers, population, and importers. Risks were classified by levels (level 1 as the lowest, and level 5 as the highest). Two matrices were produced; one from the farmers’ point of view and the other form the importers’ point of view. The analyzed negative events that produces the risks are: Social conflicts; Working conditions; Limestone extraction and use; Deforestation; Pesticide contamination; Nutrient contamination; Erosion; Weather conditions; Weed, pests, and diseases; GM contamination; Lack of inputs; Infrastructure; Price and Supply vs. Demand; and Fairtrade popularity. From the analysis, it was possible to conclude that risks, in general, are higher for farmers. However, organic and Fairtrade certifications reduce the environmental, social and even economic risks. Notwithstanding, there are risks related to market requirements, which can lead to the loss of certification. The matrices presented on this study can be utilized as starting point for risk analysis and management. Farmers, cooperatives, and importers who deal with the cultivation and trade of organic and Fairtrade soybeans from Paraná-Brazil can benefit from understanding the environmental and social risks associated with the production methods. Ultimately, this can be used in prioritization and decision making regarding risk management strategies
Tässä työssä analysoitiin soijan Brasilian tuotantoon liittyviä ympäristöllisiä, sosiaalisia ja taloudellisia vaikutuksia. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin luonnonmukaista ja reilun kaupan tuotantoa koskevia standardeja ja lainsäädäntöä. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen perusteella laadittiin riskimatriisi, jonka avulla tehtiin riskiarviointi Paraná-Brasiliassa tuotetuille luonnonmukaisille ja reilun kaupan soijapavuille. Vaikutusten suuruus ja todennäköisyys arvioitiin tieteellisten artikkeleiden, sanomalehtien ja raporttien perusteella, eri sidosryhmien, kuten maanviljelijöiden, väestöryhmien ja maahantuojien näkökulmista. Riskit luokiteltiin tasoilla (taso 1 oli alin ja taso 5 korkein). Arviointia varten tuotettiin kaksi matriisia;. toinen matriisi tuotettiin viljelijän näkökulmasta ja toinen maahantuojan näkökulmasta. Analysoitavat riskit olivat: yhteiskunnalliset ristiriidat, työolot, kalkkikiven louhinta/hankinta ja käyttö, metsäkato, torjunta-aineiden saastuminen, ravinnekuormitus, eroosio, sääolosuhteet, rikkakasvit, tuholaiset ja taudit, GM-kontaminaatio, panosten puute, infrastruktuuri, hinta ja tarjonta vs. kysyntä sekä Reilun kaupan hyväksyttävyys. Analyysistä voitiin päätellä, että riskit ovat yleisesti korkeammat viljelijöille. Tulosten perusteella havaittiin selvästi, että orgaaniset ja Reilun kaupan sertifikaatit vähensivät ympäristöllisiä, sosiaalisia ja jopa taloudellisia riskejä. Kuitenkin kyseisiin markkinoihin liittyi riskejä, jotka voivat johtaa sertifioinnin menettämiseen. Tässä tutkimuksessa esitettyjä matriiseja voidaan käyttää lähtökohtana riskianalyysille ja -hallinnalle, soijan tuotannon ja maahantuonnin arvioinnissa., Luomun ja Reilun kaupan tuotantotapojen mukaisesti tuotetun Paraná-Brasiliaisen soijan viljelijät, osuuskunnat ja maahantuojat, voivat hyötyä tuotantoon liittyvien ympäristö- ja sosiaalisten riskien ymmärtämisestä ja edelleen, voivat priorisoida tärkeimmät riskit ja päättää hallintastrategioista
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Books on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Bhadra, Bipul Kumar. The mode of production, social classes, and the state. Jaipur, India: Rawat Publications, 1989.

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Tropman, John E. American values and social welfare: Cultural contradictions in the welfare state. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1989.

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Papanagnou, Georgios. Social science and policy challenges: Democracy, values and capacities. Paris: UNESCO Pub., 2011.

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Myth as foundation for society and values: A sociological analysis. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1991.

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Assembly, Ondo State (Nigeria) House of. Technical report on peace, prosperity and ethical values in Ondo State. [Ondo State, Nigeria]: Once State House of Assembly, 2007.

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Ondo State (Nigeria). House of Assembly. Legislative initiative on peace, prosperity and ethical values in Ondo State. Ondo State: [Ondo State House of Assembly], 2008.

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Ettmayer, Wendelin. Zeit der Widersprüche in Politik, Demokratie, Wertbewusstsein. [Wien?]: W. Ettmayer, 1994.

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D, Fenyo Mario, and Péteri György, eds. The agent: Fragments on state security and middle class values in Kádárist Hungary. Trondheim: NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2007.

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Nigerian Academy of Education. Congress. Values education: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Congress of the Academy of Education held at the Lagos State University, Lagos, 22nd-26th November, 2004. Lagos, Nigeria: Nigerian Academy of Education, 2005.

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Black, Antony. State, community, and human desire: A group-centered account of political values. Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire: Harvester-Wheatsheaf, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Cronin, Anne M. "Charity PR and the Production of Social Values." In Public Relations Capitalism, 75–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72637-3_4.

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Mayfield, Albert E., Steven J. Seybold, Wendell R. Haag, M. Tracy Johnson, Becky K. Kerns, John C. Kilgo, Daniel J. Larkin, et al. "Impacts of Invasive Species in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 5–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_2.

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AbstractThe introduction, establishment, and spread of invasive species in terrestrial and aquatic environments is widely recognized as one of the most serious threats to the health, sustainability, and productivity of native ecosystems (Holmes et al. 2009; Mack et al. 2000; Pyšek et al. 2012; USDA Forest Service 2013). In the United States, invasive species are the second leading cause of native species endangerment and extinction, and their costs to society have been estimated at $120 billion annually (Crowl et al. 2008; Pimentel et al. 2000, 2005). These costs include lost production and revenue from agricultural and forest products, compromised use of waterways and terrestrial habitats, harm to human and animal health, reduced property values and recreational opportunities, and diverse costs associated with managing (e.g., monitoring, preventing, controlling, and regulating) invasive species (Aukema et al. 2011; Pimentel et al. 2005). The national significance of these economic, ecological, and social impacts in the United States has prompted various actions by both legislative and executive branches of the Federal Government (e.g., the Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act of 1990; the Noxious Weed Control and Eradication Act of 2002; Executive Order 13112 of 1999, amended in 2016).
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Hanochi, Seiko. "Constitutionalism in a Modern Patriarchal State: Japan, the Sex Sector, and Social Reproduction." In Power, Production and Social Reproduction, 83–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230522404_5.

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Kuah, Khun Eng. "The state and Buddhist elderly care services." In The Social Production of Buddhist Compassion in Chinese Societies, 146–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003161394-8.

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Ruet, Joël. "Indian Firms in World Production: The State, Markets, and Innovation." In Strategies of Multinational Corporations and Social Regulations, 77–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41369-8_5.

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Cho, Eun Ji. "Relational Interaction: Challenges and Opportunities for Social Innovation Through Service Co-production." In Human-Computer Interaction. Human Values and Quality of Life, 408–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49065-2_29.

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Keshavjee, Mohamed M. "Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and its Potential for Helping Muslims Reclaim the Higher Ethical Values (Maqasid) Underpinning the Sharia." In The State of Social Progress of Islamic Societies, 607–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24774-8_27.

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Woolcock, Geoffrey. "The Development and Production of Local, National and International State of Children’s Well-Being Report Cards." In Social Factors and Community Well-Being, 57–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29942-6_4.

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Mahmoud, Randa A., and Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman. "Social Production of Urban Space in Informal Areas in the G.C.R “Missing Values & Probable Potential”." In Dynamics and Resilience of Informal Areas, 113–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29948-8_7.

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Sakakibara, Eisuke. "Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder or Neuroenhancement of Socially Accepted Modesty? The Case of Ms. Suzuki." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 229–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_26.

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AbstractThis chapter presents the case of Ms. Suzuki, a modest Japanese woman who had worked as a clerk for more than 20 years. After she was promoted at age 43, she found herself unable to adapt properly to her management position because it required assertiveness and leadership. She saw a psychiatrist following her supervisor’s advice. She had some of the symptoms of social anxiety disorder (SAD), but it was uncertain whether she met the diagnostic criteria. To elucidate the considerations involved before initiating or refraining from pharmacotherapy, I refer to the ethical debates on neuroenhancement. First, medication would spoil her authenticity, because her modesty is part of her virtue. Second, medicating a person seeing a psychiatrist at her boss’s instigation might constitute a milder form of coercive treatment. Third, diagnosing Ms. Suzuki with SAD seems to endorse her company’s culture, whereas denying her disorder status would affirm Japanese culture’s oppressiveness toward women. When a case lies on the border between normality and pathology, relying on the psychiatric diagnosis for ethical guidance disguises value judgments for matters of fact. Therefore, we should explicitly state the conflicting values and the cultural influences on them to make better clinical decisions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Semenova, V. I., and M. F. Fridman. "STATE PERSONNEL POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATION AND ECONOMIC CONFRONTATION." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2020.289-293.

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This article is devoted to the most important issue of ensuring an innovative breakthrough in socio-economic development in the conditions of information and economic confrontation. Today, humanity is entering an era of a fundamentally different system of social relations, values and meanings. The emergence of a multipolar world model increases the competition of developed countries, on the one hand, and weakens the role of the state in society, on the other. Economic sanctions significantly hinder innovative development, so the state, as one of the main social institutions, still needs qualitatively new, more productive, innovative solutions, the emergence and implementation of which is impossible without appropriate personnel: researchers, analysts, developers, managers and workers.
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Llagostera, Jorge. "Power Generation Possibilities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-447.

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São Paulo is the Brazilian state with the largest economic production, the largest population and the largest industrial park of the country, with a participation in GDP of 36.6% (population: 34 million; area: 248,600 km2; urbane population: 92,8%; illiteracy: 10%; infantile mortality: 26.2/1000). Great part of the industry from São Paulo concentrates in the metropolitan area of São Paulo. Nevertheless, in the interior several cities are becoming important in many industrial sectors. After 1930 São Paulo became the vanguard of the Brazilian modernization. Concurrently with the agricultural expansion the state had an extraordinary industrial development. Channeling the great flows of investments of the American and European multinationals and the great internal migratory currents, São Paulo increased its population vastly, it diversified its social structure and it consolidated its economic power. However, the poverty of a great part of its population is a severe social problem. The State of São Paulo, in 1995, consumed 82.9 TWh of electricity, with the consumption of the industrial sector of 39.6 TWh. In that same year Brazil consumed a total of 249.9 TWh, and of this total value, 118.0 TWh was consumed by the industrial sector. By analyzing the evolution tendencies of energy consumption in São Paulo in the last years, it is possible to identify important aspects of the energetic development of this State, particularly in relation to the perspectives of natural gas utilization in gas turbines for power generation.
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Veveris, Armands, and Armands Puzulis. "Economic results and development of organic farms in Latvia." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.003.

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Organic farming is experiencing rather rapid development in Europe, including in Latvia. This could be rated from different aspects. The purpose of this article is to assess the economic indicators of the development of organic farming, linking them to conclusions stated in various studies in Latvia and other countries on the diverse economic, social and environmental impact of this type of farming, as well as potential problems. So, theoretical and empirical approaches are combined in this article. The different problems we can state as outcome of the research. The farms concentrate in areas with less favourable conditions for conventional farming. Also, large continuous areas under organic farming often leads to low production value per hectare and do not reach social goals.
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Koychuev, Turar. "Value Determination Landmarks of Humanized Economy." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00835.

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The report characterized valuable indicators for evaluating the processes of humanization of social development, revealed the interdependence and interaction of processes of socio-economic structure and development of the productive forces of scientific and technological achievements, highlighted the fundamental and crucial stages in their development trends. The humanized society is seen as a special stage of economic development and public relations.
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Rezer, Tatiana. "Health and Healthy Lifestyle as Social Values of State Development." In The International Conference “Health and wellbeing in modern society” (ICHW 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.201001.058.

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Karaköy, Çağatay, Necati Alp Erilli, Sema Babayiğit, and Emine Rabia Ersoy. "The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education and Culture, the Transition Economies of Field Research for University Students in Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01224.

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In modern production labor, capital and natural resources the fourth factor is included as an element of entrepreneurship, participation or implementation in the production as profit or loss to the performing element is faced with. According to the other production factors are dealt with more risk element of the entrepreneur, as well as entrepreneurial function with the same time in economic growth locomotive power is on. For many years, enterprise element carrying out the state interference in socialist countries, the collapse of the iron curtain in 1991 transitional recession and hyperinflation become inevitable experience. In other expression, economic developments and social life as result of the change in the importance of the concept of entrepreneurship has been further increased. Entrepreneurship is a kind of genetic element, or is it potential education and draw from revealing whether the topic of discussion is. The resulting depending on these two alternative viewpoint even equipped with higher education made the younger generation in production as well as the tendency to have more skilled labor force as reflection of education they receive visions of their enterprise ability to affect. Determination of specifications of entrepreneurship of university students, the entrepreneurial potential of development of the country’s important step because on of this property is the value of interest. The main objective of this research, long time socialist system managed entrepreneurial characteristics of university students in Kyrgyzstan determinants will be examined.
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KOKOSZKA, Katarzyna, and Małgorzata PINK. "BIOECONOMY – OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS IN MALOPOLSKA VOIVODSHIP (POLAND)." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.252.

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The main objective of the article is to indicate the main challenges and development opportunities related to the bioeconomy, shown in the regional layout on the example of the Małopolska voivodeship. The theoretical part of a paper is basing on a review of the literature regarding a concept of bioeconomy. It finds is conclusions in a model of 'bio-economy triad of challenges', that the conventional economy is facing. The issues of bioeconomy in this paper are presented in a context of:  processes taking place between enterprises, consumers and the state,  challenges for qualitative and quantitative economic development. Referring to the above-mentioned model, it was stated that the bioeconomy should be the main direction of development as part of the smart specialization strategy for Małopolska. This will allow, among others development of functional value chains, increasing the added value of production and the possibility of sustainable management of natural resources. Attention was also paid to conditions of development that may constitute significant barriers in shaping the bio-profile of the economy on a regional basis:  environmental, in the sense of sustainable access to natural resources;  social, understood as the quality of social capital and access to a qualified workforce;  institutional, being the state's responsibility and related to the law, providing adequate infrastructure or adequate expenditures for R&D. It was noticed that Małopolska is characterized by a dual development model - on the one hand, we are dealing with sectors of modern technologies concentrated in the provincial city and some poviat cities. On the other hand, when we talk about the raw material sphere, one can talk about development destimulants, i.e. agrarian structure, the problem of fallowing land or the lack of a qualified workforce in rural areas.
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Kondrashov, Pyotr. "Social conditions, life values and their relationship with corruption." In The 3-rd All-Russian Scientific Conference with international participation “Current issues of scientific support for the state anti-corruption policy in the Russian Federation”. Institute of Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17506/articles.anticorruption.2018.257278.

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Rezer, Tatiana. "History of Corruption & Social Values." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-75.

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A study of the history of corruption and the penalties for it has inadvertently led to the conclusion that this socially dangerous phenomenon not only fails to disappear from public administration, but continues to remain and increase, having the features of a transnational phenomenon that affects societies and economies of all countries. Throughout history, there has been an evolution of corruption parallel to the evolution of the state. Corruption undermines democratic institutions and values and the ethical values of the individual, leading to a double standard of behaviour in both public service and civil society. In Russia, corruption is recognised by both officials and the population. The main purpose of the study is to examine the manifestation of corruption and methods of counteracting it from a historical perspective. Objectives: analyse the forms and methods of corruption control as viewed through the prism of historical experience; consider contemporary manifestations of corruption from a position of social values. Research methods: a comparative analysis method to investigate the manifestation of corruption and the possibilities for its prevention from a historical perspective. Main conclusions: corruption is a multi-faceted and multi-dimensional phenomenon that is seen and studied as an economic, political, social and cultural problem; social values are the basis of a modern preventive mechanism against corruption; public policy against corruption is the main mechanism and strategy.
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Zhou, Yong, Gang Xiong, Timo Nyberg, Babak Mohajeri, and Sen Bao. "Social manufacturing realizing personalization production: A state-of-the-art review." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/soli.2016.7551653.

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Reports on the topic "Social values and state of production"

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Ivanova, Iryna, and Elena Afanasieva. MODEL OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ADVERTISING, PR AND JOURNALISM. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11060.

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The article is an overview of the journalism – PR – advertising relationship at the terminological, empirical-analytical and practical levels. It traces the state of the discussion of these correlations in the post-soviet media such as Ukraine. The study describes that domesticating the importance of the appropriate partnership between the three communication technologies. The thesis is that journalism, advertising and PR create a mutual connection that takes place in an atmosphere of PR and advertising permissiveness and deepens with the development of digitalization, Social network development. The present research is based on a comprehensive approach. The inductive and deductive methods are adopted to discuss theoretical materials, and the interdisciplinary research method is used to detect PR-specific features as a philosophy of a new journalism project. The interpretive approach, usually employed to analyze media text as a complex synthetic structure, was also taken into consideration. The analytical method application identified the modern means of substantiating the ideological, esthetical and informative value of brand journalism and spin doctor. The innovative character of modern media as a behavioral strategy in the advertising and PR industry consists in the fact that it is a form of creative production and behavior rather than adapting a specific communication situation. The article examines the main directions of contemporary interactions between PR, advertising and journalism as a media content creation. In this context, it is asserted that advertising, journalism and PR activities can contribute to the creation of media content. At some point, good media content is achieved not only as a result of this competition but also from the correlation between PR, advertising and journalism.
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Lyzanchuk, Vasyl. COMMUNICATIVE SYNERGY OF UKRAINIAN NATIONAL VALUES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN HYBRID WAR. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11077.

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The author characterized the Ukrainian national values, national interests and national goals. It is emphasized that national values are conceptual, ideological bases, consolidating factors, important life guidelines on the way to effective protection of Ukraine from Russian aggression and building a democratic, united Ukrainian state. Author analyzes the functioning of the mass media in the context of educational propaganda of individual, social and state values, the dominant core of which are patriotism, human rights and freedoms, social justice, material and spiritual wealth of Ukrainians, natural resources, morality, peace, religiosity, benevolence, national security, constitutional order. These key national values are a strong moral and civic core, a life-giving element, a self-affirming synergy, which on the basis of homogeneity binds the current Ukrainian society with the ancestors and their centuries-old material and spiritual heritage. Attention is focused on the fact that the current problem of building the Ukrainian state and protecting it from the brutal Moscow invaders is directly dependent on the awareness of all citizens of the essence of national values, national interests, national goals and filling them with the meaning of life, charitable socio-political life. It is emphasized that the missionary vocation of journalists to orient readers and listeners to the meaningful choice of basic national values, on the basis of which Ukrainian citizens, regardless of nationality together they will overcome the external Moscow and internal aggression of the pro-Russian fifth column, achieve peace, return the Ukrainian territories seized by the Kremlin imperialists and, in agreement will build Ukrainian Ukraine.
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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.

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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).
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Washbum, Brian E. Hawks and Owls. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7208741.ws.

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Hawks and owls can negatively impact a variety of human interests, including important natural resources, livestock and game bird production, human health and safety, and companion animals. Conflicts between raptors and people generally are localized and often site-specific. However, the economic and social impacts to the individuals involved can be severe. Despite the problems they may cause, hawks and owls provide important benefits and environmental services. Raptors are popular with birdwatchers and much of the general public. They also hunt and kill large numbers of rodents, reducing crop damage and other problems. Hawks and owls are classified into four main groups, namely accipiters, buteos, falcons, and owls. All hawks and owls in the United States are federally pro-tected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 USC, 703−711). Hawks and owls typically are protected under state wildlife laws or local ordinances, as well. These laws strictly prohibit the capture, killing, or possession of hawks or owls (or their parts) without a special permit (e.g., Feder-al Depredation Permit), issued by the USFWS. State-issued wildlife damage or depredation permits also may be required.
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5

Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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