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Journal articles on the topic 'Social values and state of production'
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1
Popkewitz, Thomas S. "Culture, Pedagogy, and Power: Issues in the Production of Values and Colonialization." Journal of Education 170, no. 2 (April 1988): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205748817000204.
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The problem of culture contains contradictory social interests. It gives reference in current political debates about the role of dominant traditions and disenfranchised groups, providing a point of reference to the tensions of modernization and control by the state. The concept of culture also entails the creation of social fields that contain power relations. Current educational reforms to alter participation and teaching can be viewed as discourse practices that establish forms of representation of self and other related to particular Western values. Efforts toward multicultural education may in fact normalize power relations and enable the supervision and regulation of individuals in a far more powerful way than older forms of colonialization.
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Enibe, D. O. "Analysis Of The Social And Cultural Values Contraining Increased African Apple Production In Anambra State Of Nigeria." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 5 (May 16, 2020): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.75.8176.
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This study analysed the social and cultural values constraining increased African Star Apple (ASA, Chrysophilum albidum) production in Anambra State of Nigeria. Data were collected using interview schedule on 80 respondents selected from six major assembly markets in six town communities of two Agricultural zones of the State. Ten respondents (5 men and 5 women) who are natives of the communities hosting the markets were selected through Snow ball sampling method (SBSM) from each of the markets. The interview schedule was mainly on yes or no questions. From the respondents, 7 in-depth interviews were conducted for detailed information on ASA important issues such as the crop’s feast activities, children’s song while under the trees and beliefs. Data were achieved with descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency distribution and Tables. The study showed that: ASA production and consumption in the study area are by 100% constrained with social and cultural norms such as none planting, none harvesting, public ownership and free fruits collection. The result also reveals that the studied communities differ in their ASA fruit selling and buying norms and in ASA feast in the past and that they do not easily change their norms except on certain conditions such as knowledge gain and sensitization. The study inter alia recommends that effort to increase or commercialize its production by entrepreneurs requires orientation or sensitization of the tradition custodians in the communities and adequate protection of the trees in farm fields or plantations.
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Kryvoshein, V. V. "Social risks of postmodernity: essence and classification." Epistemological Studies in Philosophy, Social and Political Sciences 1, no. 1-2 (September 21, 2017): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/341803.
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It is revealed that the concept of ‘social risk’ was formed in line with the creation of the theory of social state and the theory of welfare state. Social risk is defined as the probability of a person losing material resources to meet his basic needs, necessary for the preservation and reproduction of a full-fledged life as a member of society. These basic needs include food, clothing, housing, medical care and social services. It is proved that the objective basis of social risk is the antagonistic nature of social relations, structural features, the nature, growth of social exclusion, the violation of adaptive processes in society, as well as the widespread distribution of various kinds of deviations among the population.Particular attention is paid to the description of the modern model of social risk. It is established that a fundamentally new type of social risk is a global risk as a product of a post-industrial society. In conditions of globalization, a list of life circumstances that violate the normal livelihoods of the individual and which it can not overcome on its own, is expanding substantially. Such unconventional social risks include support for families with children, education and care for children, care for sick children and parents, assistance in housing construction and maintenance, maternity support for a period of interrupted vocational education of up to five years per child, poverty, etc.Trace the evolution of the content of social risks from the industrial society of the period of initial accumulation of capital to modern (post-industrial) society. If, at an early stage, social risks were generated by the production and distribution of goods, values, today they are produced by the production and distribution of the dangers (actually existing) and fears (subjectively existing), that is, social risks in the society of risk are self-replicating, and this production becomes expanded , that is, it involves the phases of self-production (reproduction), distribution and consumption of risks.
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Schrempf, Mona. "Re-production at Stake: Experiences of Family Planning and Fertility among Amdo Tibetan Women." Asian Medicine 6, no. 2 (September 15, 2012): 321–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15734218-12341237.
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Abstract Biographical interviews with Tibetan women in rural Amdo (Qinghai Province, China) indicate that many women above 40 years of age experienced family planning as a threat to their reproductive health, social status and economic production. Even though family planning, implemented since 1980, was experienced differently among the targeted women, they nevertheless addressed the same social pressure of having to reconcile normative birth control administered by the Chinese state with Tibetan socio-cultural norms and values of fertility focused upon preferences for sons. Renowned female Tibetan doctors in private and public clinics and hospitals were Tibetan women’s preferred and trusted addressees for voluntary birth control and reproductive health. I argue therefore, that in order to understand the effects of family planning on targeted Tibetan women, socio-cultural values of fertility need to be taken into account as they are expressed in women’s narratives of their bio-psycho-social, gendered and ethnic selves.
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Davis, Deborah. "Chinese Social Welfare: Policies and Outcomes." China Quarterly 119 (September 1989): 577–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000022943.
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China in the 1980s is in the midst of a social revolution as far–reaching as either Land Reform or the early years of the Cultural Revolution. After four decades of championing the superiority of state monopolies and the evils of private ownership, the leaders of the Politburo have decollectivized agriculture, advocated commodification of land values, encouraged private trade and investment, and explicitly agreed that it is good if a few get rich first. Rural citizens in particular have responded with alacrity to this privatization of work and the retreat of the Party and the state from the daily management of agriculture. The household farm has become the basic unit of production for the first time since 1952, and private entrepreneurs have transformed the structure of rural commerce and manufacturing. Average incomes in rural areas trebled in the decade after 1977 and the economic gap between rural and urban citizens noticeably narrowed.
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Kassahun, Ayalew, Elise du Chatenier, Pieter Bots, Gertjan Hofstede, Jacqueline Bloemhof, Huub Scholten, Siem Korver, and Adrie Beulens. "QChain – integrating social, environmental and economic value: a tool to support innovation in production chains." Journal on Chain and Network Science 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2011.qpork7.
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Today's consumers increasingly demand products that are produced sustainably and ethically. As a result, businesses need to address sustainability and social responsibility issues and find a proper balance between people, planet and profit (PPP) aspects of their production chains. Software tools can play an important role in mapping out the current state of PPP aspects along the production chain, and in the design and evaluation of improvement options. There are indeed many tools that are claimed to be useful for sustainability and social responsibility considerations. Yet, a tool that addresses all three aspects of value creation holistically and facilitates discussion is missing. In this paper we present the development of such a tool, called QChain. The development of this tool was based on ideas from soft systems methodology and inputs from a multidisciplinary team of experts and managers. The tool is intended to support group discussions, particularly during the early stages of innovation processes aimed at improving PPP aspects of production chains. It enables users to visualize the essential elements of the current production chain showing the current PPP values, and explore and compare possible future production chain scenarios and the corresponding PPP values. QChain's visualization helps discussants get a rich appreciation of the current and future scenarios, while the semi-quantitative 'what-if' analysis and scenario comparison enables them to hold objective discussions.
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Zhukov, E. A. "THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE STATE SOCIAL-ECONOMICAL POLICY (Part 3)." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2018.9.2.260-269.
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This article is the final part of the complex author's research, and is a continuation of the previously published sections of the article in this journal (DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.1.136.140; DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.3.132.136).In the previous sections, the author examined the features of modern Russian socio-economic state policy in general and its financial component in particular. The answers to the questions were found and a systematic view of the essence of the state socio-economic policy was given. It was shown that the economic potential of the state determines the level of development and use of the three only possible production resources at all times. This is living labor (human resources companies), materialized (past) labour (main production funds) and material and energy resources developed and being in production turnover. Russia, like no other state in the world, has the potential all these production resources for timely, complete and quality provision of reasonable material and spiritual needs of all its citizens.Purpose: the aim of the presented final part of the research is a critical assessment of the tax legislation in force in Russia, and the reasoned justification that a reasonable tax system is an essential tool for sustainable economic growth.Methods: the methodological basis of the research was the General scientific methods of cognition (dialectic; coexistence of historic and logistic approaches; structure and function analysis; expert evaluation of social-economic policy).Results: considering Russia's economic potential and its use, it was noted that the modern state socio-economic policy is contrary to the objective economic laws of the formation of the social state. This creates favorable prerequisites for the formation of state-oligarchic capitalism in Russia, that is, the merging of private business with government officials. In words, this is accompanied by a fierce fight against corruption in the higher echelons of power, but in reality only contributes to its prosperity. Such a socio-economic policy inevitably leads to a greater lag in the economic development of Russia from the advanced post-industrial countries, rolling it to the margins of world development, and the transformation of our state into a raw material appendage and supplier of cheap labor for the progressively developing countries. It is inadmissible not to understand this to persons responsible for state social and economic policy.Conclusions and Relevance: the proposals on improving the Russian state tax policy as one of the most important conceptual bases of the country's successful social and economic development have been developed. When deciding on documents so crucial for the country, it is necessary to be guided not by the lobbying of narrowly departmental and personal interests, but by conceptual scientific bases. They should determine the social and economic effectiveness of such a policy in the development of a society that really strives to achieve the main values in the life of each person: the knowledge of the truth, a longer life expectancy, sufficiency and well-being.
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Sripokangkul, Siwach. "The teaching of royalist-nationalist civic education and history in Thai schools: Education for the production of ‘docile subjects’." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00049_1.
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As a response to the protracted political conflict that has plagued Thailand for over a decade, Thai royalist-nationalists have stated that the problem of Thai political development derives from a lack of ‘citizenship’ characteristics in Thais. In their view, the best solution is to educate the masses and to cultivate civic education by teaching both it and normative Thai ‘core values’, together with royalist-nationalist history, as subjects to students. As a result, students are destined to become patriotic ‘saviours’. They are expected to be strong citizens who can solve the political development ‘problem’ of democracy under the ‘Democratic Regime of the Government with the King as Head of State’. This article seeks to understand how the two topics of civic education and history have been taught in Thai schools for twelve years, covering both primary and secondary schools. What type of Thai citizen does this curriculum desire to produce? The author rigorously analysed a corpus of civic education and history teaching material, and argues that the contents of these topics are designed to transform students into ‘docile subjects’. They are ideally ‘objects’ that are to be ordered and imposed upon by the state ideology, shaping them into ultra-royalists and ultra-nationalists.
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Beck, Sam. "Knowledge Production and Emancipatory Social Movements from the Heart of Globalised Hipsterdom, Williamsburg, Brooklyn." Anthropology in Action 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/aia.2016.230104.
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AbstractThe nature of capitalism in its neoliberal form is decreasing higher education’s exclusive domain of knowledge production by exposing students to and exploiting local knowledge production. This has created a paradox. Experiential learning is being supported as ‘academic’ because students learn skills, values and perspectives by engaging in communities of practice. Through community service learning and social justice oriented internships, students learn about emancipatory social movements while simultaneously providing their intellectual capital. Urban Semester Program students participate in the movement for affordable housing, with its origins in post-war Williamsburg, Brooklyn, where many Puerto Ricans settled. Engaged in a struggle against displacement, for self-determination and developing community sustainability by advocating and winning low and moderate income housing, residents are determined to remain in their neighbourhood. Students are engaged in this struggle and connect this exposure to their internships, and the globalising world economy, the role of the state, and corporate power.
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Owen, Catherine. "The ‘internationalisation agenda’ and the rise of the Chinese university: Towards the inevitable erosion of academic freedom?" British Journal of Politics and International Relations 22, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 238–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148119893633.
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This essay is a critical reflection on the challenge to academic freedom presented by the globalisation of practices of knowledge production. It explores a tension within the logic of the internationalisation agenda: UK universities are premised upon forms of knowledge production whose roots lie in European Enlightenment values of rationalism, empiricism and universalism, yet partnerships are growing with universities premised on rather different, non-liberal and, perhaps, incommensurable values. Therefore, in advancing the internationalisation agenda in non-liberal environments, UK-based scholars find themselves caught between a rock and a hard place: either legitimising and sustaining the subjection of knowledge production to the state on one hand, or engaging in a form of epistemological colonialism by demanding adherence to ‘our values’ on the other. Using Chinese research culture as an illustration, the article contributes to ongoing debate on the ethics of social science research collaboration with universities based in contrasting epistemological cultures.
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Angeletos, George-Marios, Luigi Iovino, and Jennifer La'O. "Real Rigidity, Nominal Rigidity, and the Social Value of Information." American Economic Review 106, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 200–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20110865.
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Does welfare improve when firms are better informed about the state of the economy and can thus better coordinate their production and pricing decisions? We address this question in an elementary business-cycle model that highlights how the dispersion of information can impede both kinds of decisions and, in this sense, be the source of both real and nominal rigidity. Within this context we develop a taxonomy for how the social value of information depends on the two rigidities, on the sources of the business cycle, and on the conduct of monetary policy. (JEL D21, D82, D83, E32, E52)
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RICHARDS, PATRICIA. "Of Indians and Terrorists: How the State and Local Elites Construct the Mapuche in Neoliberal Multicultural Chile." Journal of Latin American Studies 42, no. 1 (February 2010): 59–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x10000052.
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AbstractThis paper examines the production of neoliberal multiculturalism in Chile as well as ideas about race, ethnicity and nation mobilised among local elites in the Chilean South. It argues that the process of creating neoliberal multicultural citizens is not only imposed from above, but also informed by local histories, attitudes and social relationships. Official neoliberal multiculturalism is shaped by transnational and national priorities, and involves constructing some Mapuche as terrorists while simultaneously promoting multicultural policies. Local elites contribute to the shape that neoliberal multiculturalism takes on the ground by actively feeding into the terrorist construction but refusing to consent to multicultural values. Altogether, understanding neoliberal multiculturalism depends on examining the transnational, the national and the local, and discerning the ways in which social forces at each level reinforce, interact with and depart from one another.
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Solari, Cinzia D. "Transnational moral economies: The value of monetary and social remittances in transnational families." Current Sociology 67, no. 5 (November 9, 2018): 760–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118807531.
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Although migration scholars have called for studying both ends of migration, few studies have empirically done so. In this article the author analyzes ethnographic data conducted with migrant careworkers in Italy, many undocumented, and their non-migrant children in Ukraine to uncover the meanings they assign to monetary and also social remittances defined as the transfer of ideas, behaviors, and values between sending and receiving countries. The author argues that migrants and non-migrant children within transnational families produce a transnational moral economy or a set of social norms based on a shared migration discourse – in this case, either poverty or European aspirations – which governs economic and social practices in both sending and receiving sites. The author found that these contrasting transnational moral economies resulted in the production of ‘Soviet’ versus ‘capitalist’ subjectivities with consequences for migrant practices of integration in Italy, consumption practices for migrants and their non-migrant children, and for Ukraine’s nation-state building project.
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Lango-Reynoso, Veronica, Juan L. Reta-Mendiola, Felipe Gallardo López, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, Katia A. Figueroa-Rodríguez, and Alberto Asiain-Hoyos. "The Tilapia Agrifood-Chain from a Sociopoietic Territorial Approach: A Theoretical Proposal." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 1 (December 7, 2016): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n1p134.
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<p>In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, the performance of the Tilapia (<em>Oreochromis</em> spp.) production system in the domestic market has been declining. Recent production results are lower than those presented in 1999, revealing that the production model adopted and used since 2001 is ineffective as a development strategy. The reason for the failure is that the model considers the technological production process as the central element of aquacultural competitiveness, without considering that production practices, marketing and consumption of goods are performed by individuals who decide and control their actions and are motivated by the values shared with their social group. This interpretation reveals the need for a new complementary conceptual framework, considering the system of production and consumption as a social self-referencing system. Thus, in this article, a model of an agricultural food-chain with a sociopoietic territorial focus on the development of the aquaculture subsector is outlined. The model is based on constructs having the following theoretical dichotomies: territorial agrifood, neo-institutional business, sociopoiesis and individual motivation.</p>
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Delong, Marek. "Moral and ethical aspects of the Polish transition from communism in the enunciations of the Polish Episcopate." Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 20, no. 7 (February 25, 2017): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.20.7.09.
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The Polish Episcopate critically assessed the social and economic situation in Poland in the period of the transition from communism to democracy and a freemarket economy. Privatisation led to production being stopped and to an increase in unemployment. Profit and not human dignity became the measure of labour. The economic and social reality was dominated by the treatment of economics and financial success as of the highest values and the dissemination of the opinion that in politics and economics there are no values. The political elites showed an inability to develop long-term strategies for getting out of the crisis. The disappearance of the morality of many representatives of public life, which was manifested in universal corruption and the aspiration to improve social status as soon as possible, contributed to this state of affairs. As a result, there was a crisis of the idea of the common wealth and an increase in crime. The social crisis was particularly visible in moral attitudes, social behaviour, and in the economic sphere, public finance, on the labour market, and in the quickly progressing social stratification.
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Nosyriev, Oleksandr, and Tetiana Bukina. "SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN VALUES." Three Seas Economic Journal 2, no. 1 (April 26, 2021): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2021-1-18.
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The article considers the issues of changing accents and cultural transformation in Ukraine, Great Britain and other European countries. In recent years, Ukraine has seen an active revival in the cultural sphere. From publishing to music, from film production to theater, from fashion to curatorial exhibitions – the Ukrainian cultural environment has become bold, diverse and large-scale. Euromaidan has given impetus to a powerful wave of cultural activism: from discussion platforms to spontaneous exhibitions, from urban regeneration projects to volunteer groups seeking to protect dilapidated national heritage sites. The impetus for it was the dynamism of the Ukrainian creative community. And further development became possible thanks to the support of new state cultural institutions. These institutes emerged after Euromaidan, such as the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation, the Ukrainian Book Institute, and the Ukrainian Institute. Institutions with a long history, such as the State Agency of Ukraine for Cinema, have strengthened their positions. The creation of these new institutions marked the departure from the post-Soviet system of cultural management. And the transition to a consistent and comprehensive cultural policy. The main thing is that the creation of a new system of culture in Ukraine has helped to bridge the gap between the state and cultural activists and the creative sector. One of the most important problems of the cultural sector in Ukraine for the last 25 years is funding. This problem is also relevant for the United Kingdom. But when it comes to finding resources for artists and cultural institutions, British policy has a respectable tradition and a number of successful answers. Support for the arts by both the state and business seems to be a matter of course for the British. At the same time, the idea of the self-worth of art is also supported by the idea of its social significance, as well as the perception of art as a primary source of creativity, innovative development, creative industry. The relationship between the European Union and the society of Ukraine is already yielding some results in the context of ensuring the democratic and European development of the state. For the successful implementation of European integration in Ukraine, it is necessary to apply such mechanisms that will ensure coordinated management of social processes of the state in the direction of European integration. The main mechanism is cultural policy, which should be aimed at regulating the regulatory framework. And the application of regulations in practice. This will allow culture to take a leading position on the path to national modernization. Legislation should be a mechanism for achieving goals, and the main thing should remain that the person should be at the center of cultural policy of the state. Given the experience of the United Kingdom, the formation of Ukraine's cultural policy should be based on the idea of the all-encompassing impact of culture on modern society. Accordingly, such a policy, being aimed at the cultural sector, effectively affects all spheres of public life. Consistent support for culture at the financial and fiscal, legislative and executive, national and local levels should, above all, be based on an awareness of the value of culture. Culture enriches people's lives, changes their worldview and inspires creativity. In the social dimension, its impact has the most significant impact on education, health and cohesion.
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Kovács, Zoltán, and Emil Nyerki. "EFFECT OF POLITICAL CHANGE TO THE CHANGE OF CORPORATE VALUES." Problems of Management in the 21st Century 10, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pmc/15.10.18.
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Lean is the mainstream process improvement philosophy. It has a more or less standardized set of techniques, which are well known worldwide, however the application environments – mostly due to cultural differences – are rather diverse. Hungary has been on the way of political and economical transition since 1989. Following the first free election in 1990 there were several changes in the structure of production and service companies. Previously state-owned “giants” of industry died, others have been privately owned for a long time. The study examined the lean applications in different, mostly Central and Eastern European countries in transition based on literature review. They carried out an empirical research in Hungary. Original Hungarian companies which existed before 1990 were in the research focus, analysing their lean implementation and corporate values. The research found basic differences in the attitudes before and after the change of economical system, and providing information about the closed gap regarding corporate values of foreigner owned and Hungarian owned companies. Key words: corporate goals, transition economies, lean, political change, social values.
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Nikolić, Tatjana. "Social engagement of young female artists in the digital context." Kultura, no. 169 (2020): 86–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kultura2069086n.
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Young women take more and more significant place in online space using all the benefits of the creative features of Internet and digital media. Even though gender inequality is possibly even more present in the online space comparing to the offline, digital environment also stands for a platform for (artistic) expression and an arena of the tension between attitudes, tastes, expressions and ideas. New generations of female authors in the local and regional digital context (could) precede, inspire and lead with their authentic critical thinking and production. This text examines if, to what extent and how young female authors use their artistic production, especially their digital platforms, for expressing social and political opinions. We were particularly investigating their understanding of feminism and gender (in)equality, as well as their experience of discrimination and sexism. The article is based on the individual interviews with selected female authors of the younger generation, through which their attitudes, values, critical artistic production, messages and narratives, as well as reactions to the global crisis and social problems were investigated. To the certain extent, the article also reflects on their content on digital communications channels (web sites, Facebook profiles and pages, Instagram profiles and other platforms for digital creativity and distribution of artistic content). This pilot research included eight female artists active in different artistic and creative fields in Serbia: visual and applied arts, music (popular and contemporary experimental), film, literature and performing arts. A particular topic that marked the social context of the first half of 2020 when the research was conducted, has been the pandemic caused by the virus covid19, as well as emergency state and isolation that came as a consequence. Additionally, context of their production, activism and life is marked by sexism existing in media, online as well as offline public space.
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HOLANDA, Adriano Furtado, Jéssica Caroline de SOUZA, and Yuri Alexandre FERRETE. "Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica – Phenomenological Studies: Sua Produção Científica entre 2007-2017." PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica 26, no. 1 (2020): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18065/rag.2020v26n1.10.
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The aim of this article is to analyze the profile of the journal Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica - Phenomenological Studies, based on articles published between 2007 and 2017, available online. Initially a historical resumption of the journal's appearance is made, passing through its essential changes to its current state, which was one of the first Brazilian journals focusing on phenomenology. In order to carry out the analysis, the method of the Systematic Review of Literature was chosen, aiming to understand the expressiveness of the journal in the scientific environment in which it is inserted, using, for that, the abstracts and keywords of the articles. The analysis pointed out a greater number of publications of Theoretical or Historical Essays, with inversion in recent years for a greater focus on Research Reports. Most articles are from public educational institutions. Despite the proximity of values, articles with single authorship are more numerous. Finally, using the keywords, a cloud of words was constructed that demonstrated that the most used word was Phenomenology, confirming the focus of the magazine.
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Obalola, Oyeyode Tohib, Likita Tanko, Kazeem Oriyomi Aboaba, Bello Bunza Abubakar, Emmanuel Egbodo Boheje ODUM, Babatola Olasunkanmi Agboola, Kobe Hussein Ibrahim, Rabiu Omeiza Audu, and Samuel Temitope Danilola. "Determinants of food demand among urban households in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33739.
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Agricultural products including rice, yam and cowpea play significant roles in the food consumption of urban dwellers. However, increase in crop production cost has continued to threaten urban food price in Nigeria. This study analyzed the determinants of demand for food commodities among urban households in Minna metropolis. Data were collected from 110 household heads of urban residences, which were selected through a three-stage random sampling technique. Data collected for the study were analyzed using multiple regression technique. The results showed that rice, yam and cowpea were price in-elastic. The cross-price elasticities for rice, yam and cowpea were -0.132, 0.028 and 0.005 respectively. The computed own price, cross price and income elasticity of demand for rice were –0.308, -0.132 and 0.018 respectively. For yam, the computed values were -1.262, 0.028 and 0.289 respectively. While for cowpea, these values were -0.530, 0.005 and 0.002 respectively. For the income elasticity, rice and cowpea were proven to be normal goods and yam as a luxury good. The social protection strategies in form of food aids policy should be put into action to minimize the inflationary pressure on food items in the urban areas.
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Radatz, Alecia, Michael Reinsborough, Erik Fisher, Elizabeth Corley, and David Guston. "An assessment of engaged social science research in nanoscale science and engineering communities." Science and Public Policy 46, no. 6 (August 21, 2019): 853–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scz034.
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Abstract Increased funding of nanotechnology research in the USA at the turn of the millennium was paired with a legislative commitment to and a novel societal research policy for the responsible development of nanotechnology. Innovative policy discourses at the time suggested that such work could engage a variety of publics, stakeholders, and researchers to enhance the capacity of research systems to adapt and be responsive to societal values and concerns. This article reviews one of two federally funded social science research centers—the Center for Nanotechnology in Society at Arizona State University(CNS-ASU)—to assess the merits of this form of engaged social science research in which social science contributes not only to traditional knowledge production but also to the capacity of natural science and engineering researchers and research communities for greater reflexivity and responsiveness, ultimately producing more socially robust research systems.
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Chernykh, Sergey Ivanovich, Yaser Seifiddin Allaham, and Vladimir Ivanovich Parshikov. "Education as a destructor of social order." Science for Education Today 11, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/2658-6762.2102.04.
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Introduction. The article examines the problem of the interdependence of the state and processes of changing the social order from the state and processes of changing social institutions designed to guarantee its stability. As one of such institutions, the educational system is considered, which in its traditional state actively performed a protective function, acting as a guarantor of the stability of the social order. In the context of the fourth industrial Revolution, the content and form of educational practices and the entire educational space have changed so much that education as a social institution loses the prerogative of protecting and guaranteeing the stability of the social order. The purpose of the article is to determine the main substrates underlying the social order on the basis of the historical and philosophical classification of the social order concepts, to show which turbulent phenomena in education most deform these substrates and thereby disqualify education in its function as a guarantor of the stability of both the social order and society as a whole. Materials and Methods. The historical and philosophical approach made it possible to form and classify the main concepts in the understanding of the social order and to differentiate its substrate bases using the tabular method. The activity-based and structural-functional approaches allowed us to identify the deforming phenomena that occur today in Russian education and have the greatest impact on the destabilization of the social order. To substantiate the conceptual and methodological basis of the study, the method of critical analysis of current research literature and the interpretation of the results obtained in it is used. Results. Historical and philosophical analysis has shown that the underlying foundations of the stability of the social order are (both in historical and modern explication) coercion, interests, values and norms, as well as cultural inertia. Social institutions (education, science, religion, law, etc.) ensure the functioning of the substrate bases, their correction in the direction of compliance with state needs, and thereby stabilize the existing social order as a system of governance and power mechanisms. However, the fourth technological revolution, which began in the second half of the XX – beginning of the XXI century, radically changed the functionality of social institutions. This historical period, due to the significance of the changes, was called the “era of turbulence” (A. Greenspan's term). This could not but affect the stability and foundations of the social order. The most pronounced deformations in the era of turbulence are those of education and science, that is, precisely those social institutions that, along with law and culture, in traditional societies served as a guarantor of the stability of the state. The greatest destabilizing effect of education on the social order is: the ongoing change in organizational paradigms of interaction between education and other spheres of public life (from “education-science-production” to “university – government – business”); the change in the status of subjects of educational interactions: the main object of educational interactions is the individual, business systems and the family, and not the state; fictivization of education (especially higher education) in its classical form, which manifests itself in the growing importance of virtual learning, narrow specialization and massization; the growth of educational inequality with its development into a social one. These phenomena really destabilize the social order both as values/norms, as cultural traditions, and as dialectically combined interests of the authorities and individuals. Conclusions. The study of the interactions of the social order has shown that the turbulent phenomena occurring in the social institutions of society can radically affect the stability of the social order. This, in turn, increases the turbulence in society as a whole.
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Wikandaru, Reno, and Budhi Cahyo. "LANDASAN ONTOLOGIS SOSIALISME." Jurnal Filsafat 26, no. 1 (August 14, 2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jf.12627.
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Socialism is an ideology assumed that shared ownership is the best way of life. Socialism did not proposed any private property because it makes people selfish and destroy the community harmony. Socialism wants the organization of production by the state as a suggestion to remove poverty and exploitation. Socialism proposed equal rights for all groups, and classes of people to enjoy prosperity, wealth and prosperity. The state has to secure as much as possible factor of production for the welfare of all the people, and not focused on personal well-being. Socialism assumes that the state is above public institutions that govern society selflessly. The key values in socialism is equality, cooperation, and compassion. The production is done on the basis of usability and not just for the profit. Competition replaced with planning. Every person working for the community and contribute to the common good so that it appears concern for others. Second, the underlying ontological foundation of socialism ideology associated with the ethical nature of man; human nature; and harmony of the society. The ideology of socialism found ethical nature of man is good; human nature is a social being; and assumes that there is harmony in the society.
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Клычова, Гузалия, Guzaliya Klychova, Алсу Закирова, Alsu Zakirova, Альфия Юсупова, Al'fiya Yusupova, Айгуль Клычова, and Augul Klychova. "THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ESTIMATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 3 (November 7, 2018): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bcf579e4860c0.23941805.
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In modern conditions, the social component of business is becoming increasingly important both for organizations and for society as a whole, since, as many years of experience show, those enterprises that develop their socially-oriented activities are more trusted by the state, investors, counterparties, creditors and other business partners. The social responsibility of business helps minimize the negative impact of the enterprise's production activities, the formation of an atmosphere of trust, predictability and common values in society, thanks to which, business becomes economically and socially more sustainable. In this regard, relevant issues are related to the assessment of the level of social responsibility of the enterprise, determining the main directions of social development of companies. The economic essence of the concept “corporate social responsibility” has been studied and specified in the article, the main directions of the corporate social responsibility of business assessment are examined. For a comprehensive assessment of corporate social responsibility, a system of indicators is proposed that takes into account its following components: the development and implementation of human resources, the formation of environmental sustainability and the implementation of socially significant projects.
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Semin, Aleksandr. "On the role of rural areas in the processes of ensuring food security of the state." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 3 (November 24, 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-3-6-10.
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The article examines the problems of food supply for the population of the Russian Federation, taking into account the role of rural areas in these processes, in which the central link of the food security system is concentrated - agriculture. The program-target approaches are noted both in the development of agricultural production and in rural areas with its multifunctionality. The factors that hinder the achievement of all threshold values of ensuring food security of the Russian Federation are considered. It has been established that the processes of development of rural areas, and, first of all, in terms of creating an effective social infrastructure, increasing the attractiveness of rural areas, are proceeding much slower than planned. A transition from federal and state programs related to the development of rural areas to the national project "Rural Areas - the Most Important Component of the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation" is recommended.
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Пыжикова, Наталья, Natal'ya Pyzhikova, Александр Лазаревич, and Aleksandr Lazarevich. "EFFICIENCY OF GRANT SUPPORT TO BEGINNING FARMERS AND FAMILY ANIMAL FARMS (on the example of Krasnoyarsk Kray)." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5db9944232ea92.64038789.
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Grant support is the main type of state support for the development of peasant farming in Krasnoyarsk Kray. Since 2012, annually competitions have been held in the Kray for grants to novice farmers and for the development of family livestock farms. An analysis of the dynamics of the grants’ distribution by municipal districts and zones for the period from 2012 to 2017 showed that 34.2% (284) peasant farmers of the total number received grants, which is a high indicator on the scale of the Siberian Federal District. The financing volume in both directions amounted to 846.9 million rubles. As a result, 840 new jobs were created. The analysis of the effectiveness of the use of grants for the period 2012-2017 indicates that the majority of peasant farmers, who received grants, did not fulfill their obligations in full. Thus, the indicator characterizing the economic efficiency of recipients of state support, the increase in agricultural production in the direction of milk production (67 grants) shows highly efficient, the production of vegetables (17 grants) shows efficient, and meat production (134 grants) shows inefficient (negative) use of funds grant support. Therefore, the agriculture of the region for some types of products by 2020 may not reach those predicted values that are determined by the regional state program with existing trends. In connection with this, an adjustment is necessary to redistribute grant support in priority areas and determine the minimum production volumes for each direction of grant issuance in accordance with the prevailing agricultural production in the region. To assess the effectiveness of state support in the field of social responsibility of peasant farming, it is advisable to keep statistics on the creation of new permanent jobs and their preservation over the entire period defined by agreements (contracts).
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Wahyuningsih, Sri, and Dina Novita Wijayanti. "The Role of Youtube in Promoting Indonesian Local Wisdom in Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era." AT-TABSYIR: Jurnal Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/at-tabsyir.v8i1.8878.
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<p>There are some Indonesian local wisdom that have not been promoted yet. Consequently, some people will not access them due to less promotion. Hence, Indonesian should keep all of the local wisdoms in appropriate ways. One of the ways is by using promotion the local wisdom through youtube. This paper explores the promotion of Indonesian local wisdom through social media particularly YouTube and the values of local wisdom. It used a qualitative method. Data were primarily collected through documentation of eight videos created and uploaded into YouTube by the students in the department of Islamic broadcasting and communication from the fifth semester at state Islamic Institute of Kudus. The result reveals that social media have been beneficial for promoting the local wisdom especially in Central Java. Indeed, social media offers flexibility and mobility for people in uploading the videos of Indonesian local wisdom into YouTube, it offers an opportunity to expand the Indonesian local wisdom through widespread social networking around the world and fostering their innovation of making amazing videos and contents. The values of local wisdom include beliefs and religion, Indonesian local culture and traditions, local food promotion and business production, Indonesian architecture and heritage, nature and environment preservation.</p>
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Probst, N. A. "Emotional and receptive-axiological aspects of the speech act of threat in everyday conflict communication in Russian." Slovo.ru: Baltic accent 11, no. 4 (2020): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2020-4-3.
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The article analyses the emotive aspect of the production and perception of the speech act of threat and the specificity of the perception of this act by a modern native speaker of Russian. The act of threat is an instrument of influence exerted on the listener. Its effectiveness depends on the strength of the negative emotions of anxiety, fear, etc. initiated in the listener. At the same time, the production of threatening statements is often associated with the speaker's emotional state, which in some cases can serve as a catalyst for imperative influence. The speech act of threat, being an element of conflict discourse, contradicts the traditional principles of productive communication and the legal norms of any developed state. In everyday communication, a verbal threat can be regarded as a way of implementing communicative intentions that are completely justified from the socio-ethical point of view. For a modern Russian speaker, threat is not a communicative taboo and can be deliberately used in conflict situations related to the protection of human dignity, life, social values, etc.
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Starosta, Guido, and Axel Kicillof. "On Materiality and Social Form: A Political Critique of Rubin's Value-Form Theory." Historical Materialism 15, no. 3 (2007): 9–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920607x225852.
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AbstractThis paper critically examines I.I. Rubin's Essays on Marx's Theory of Value and argues that two different approaches to value theory can be found in that book: a more 'production-centred' value-form theory uneasily co-exists with a 'circulationist' perspective. This unresolved tension, the authors claim, reflects a more general theoretical shortcoming in Rubin's work, namely, a problematic conceptualisation of the inner connection between materiality and social form that eventually leads to a formalist perspective on the value-form. Furthermore, the paper argues that all those antinomies are an expression of the historical and political context underlying Rubin's work, in which Marxism was being codified as state ideology. The political implications of Rubin's formalism are explored through the critical examination of its consequences for the comprehension of the social determinations of the revolutionary subjectivity of the working class.
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Miller Scarnato, Jenn. "The value of digital video data for qualitative social work research: A narrative review." Qualitative Social Work 18, no. 3 (October 9, 2017): 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325017735885.
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This study evaluates the value of digital video data in qualitative social work research at each stage of the research process. Through an analytic narrative review of the social work literature and related social sciences fields, the article argues that video data are under-utilized in social work research despite great opportunity to enhance the research process and articulate with social work values in the research encounter. The unique contributions of video data in the collection, analysis, and dissemination stages of research are considered, along with a brief discussion of the interactive nature of these stages in participatory action research designs that train participants in media production. The added benefits that video affords research participants as well as the unique challenges and limitations of video-based research design are reviewed and evaluated in relation to the social work profession. Social workers are called upon to embrace video data in qualitative research to produce critical counter narratives that combat harmful misrepresentations of disenfranchised populations and thereby advance the profession’s mission and values.
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Buleev, I. "The Structure of Society and the Middle Class: State, Development Prospects." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 3 (61) (2020): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-3(61)-11-29.
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The article examines the main stages of the development of society from prehistoric times to the present, the transformation of its structure. In contrast to the traditional perception of a person as a biosocial subject, he is viewed as a spiritually-bio-social subject in nature in a “spiritually-socially-natural” system. The research methods based on consistency, the concept of three forces of development, dialectics and trialectics are used. The category of spirituality in relation to a person and society is considered, a significant change in the ratio of "spiritual" and "material" is noted, it is proved that in the conditions of intellectualization of society, its transformation into post-industrial (hyperindustrial), the dominant development is spirituality, and the basis of social relations is the institutions of spirituality of the people, values, morality, responsibility. It is noted that any society capable of creating added value is divided into two main parts: rich and poor, opposing both in economic relations, the distribution of added value, and in other social relations, in culture, education, etc. Between them there is the middle part of society, interested in maintaining its stability, law and order, spirituality, values, their evolutionary development, etc. In the industrial era of capitalism, this part of society grows significantly as a result of an increase in the standard of living, professionalism of workers to the level necessary for industrial production. At the stage of the formation of capitalism, the theory of classes is developing and the middle part of society is reasonably attributed to the main classes, called the middle class (MC). The middle class became basic in the stabilization of society, its spiritual and economic development. The study notes the inappropriateness of the spread of the definitions of class theory, the theory of the middle class to pre-capitalist and post-industrial societies. SK is a category of capitalist society. As society transforms from the industrial stage of economic development into financial-oligarchic capitalism, into a post-industrial (hyperindustrial) society, the objective conditions for the quantitative growth of middle class are curtailed. ICT, intellectualization of production and society sharply reduce the need for labor. The number of the UK is declining. 10-20% of the most professionally trained (up to the level of scientific workers) specialists stand out from the middle class and move to the lower part of the upper class. The rest (up to 80% of the UK) – go to the lower class. As a result, the UK is practically liquidated. In order to preserve the stability of a society based on market relations, the state and its elite must consciously support and preserve the middle part of society, into which the industrial middle class is being transformed, which is necessary for the functioning of the internal market and society. The article substantiates the preconditions and conditions for the formation and transformation of the middle class in developing and post-capitalist countries, including Ukraine. In economically developed countries that have embarked on the path of formation of post-industrial (hyperindustrial, new integral) societies, two ways of changing their structure are possible: further differentiation in terms of income, assets, spirituality; or the formation of a society of average sufficiency, where there is a convergence of classes and strata of the population in terms of quality of life, spirituality, etc. The substantiation and possibilities of this or that vector of development of society require further theoretical research and their testing in practice.
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Smagin, D. A., A. A. Smolyak, and M. N. Smagin. "Methods for calculating the duration of baking of minced meat products during heat treatment in convection ovens." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 58, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2020-58-3-373-384.
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Saving energy resources, optimizing production processes and ensuring high quality of finished products are important tasks facing the food industry of the Republic of Belarus at the present stage of social and economic development. From this point of view, the current direction of scientific activity is development of methods for predicting duration of heat treatment of food products, which will allow to increase the level of production planning, implement production processes rationally, ensure production of finished products with high consumer parameters with no underheating or overheating of material of the processed bodies, and decrease the cost of energy resources for thermal processes. The paper proposes the method for theoretical calculation of baking duration for minced meat products in direct contact of the heating medium with the processed body in modern convection units. When developing a theoretical calculation, heat transfer processes are divided into internal and external. When describing internal heat transfer processes, changes in the thermal and physical characteristics of the material of the processed body are considered, determined by mass transfer processes and physical and chemical changes in structural elements with conversion of raw minced meat into finished product with baked crust. The processes of external heat exchange are described according to the operating parameters of modern convection ovens used in small and medium-sized enterprises of food industry and public catering. The values of duration of heat treatment on the example of products made of chicken mince at different temperatures of the heating medium are obtained. Special rod cassettes with a rigid thermocouple attachment design have been developed to ensure correct experiment. Deviations of baking duration values between the theoretically calculated and experimentally obtained values range from 1.49 to 4.44 % for different temperatures of heating medium, which indicates the efficiency of the developed technique. The proposed technique for calculating the duration of baking process for minced meat products when heated will allow optimizing production processes, saving energy resources and obtaining finished products with high consumer parameters. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out as part of the state program of scientific research “Quality and Efficiency of Agroindustrial Production”.
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Nazarenko, Y. A. "SYSTEMATIZATION OF DEFINITIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF "CAPITALIZATION"." Economic innovations 19, no. 3(65) (December 19, 2017): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).112-117.
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The article analyzes different points of view on the concept of "capitalization". First of all, capitalization is seen as a process - the transformation of resources into a value that brings added value; transformation of incomes into enterprise capital; capital accumulation; attraction of resources in circulation; change in the form of capital. Also, capitalization is considered as a characteristic of assessing the value of existing capital, or as a method for assessing the value of an enterprise. The article highlights real and fictitious capitalization. The first is defined as the process of transforming value embodied in material and other real values into a source of value growth. False capitalization is associated with securities that are fictitious capital. It does not work directly in the production process and does not create additional value, but provides for its redistribution. The capitalization of production factors (the process of transforming resources into the value bringing in additional value), capitalization of the production process (the process of creating additional value), capitalization of production results (transformation of income into the capital of the enterprise) are allocated. Some researchers share the existing definition of the concept of "capitalization" into three groups: as a process, as a state and as a relation. Particular attention is paid to capitalization as a relation, first of all, as a relation to the ownership of capital, as well as the contradiction between the social nature of production and the private form of appropriation. Features of capitalization are considered depending on its level (scale). It is noted that. higher-level capitalization is greater than lower-level capitalization. It is considered that capitalization at a lower level depends on the success of the realization of the potential of economic entities, at the second level - from corporate relations between entrepreneurs and the rules for allocating resources between them, and on the third - how true the society defines its integral values. An analysis of the approaches to systematizing the concept of "capitalization" has shown that the vision of capitalization as a state, as a process and as a relationship is the most complex. Three groups of indicators are proposed that characterize the phenomenon of capitalization, respectively, as a state, process and relation.
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Tidy, Joanna. "War craft: The embodied politics of making war." Security Dialogue 50, no. 3 (April 9, 2019): 220–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010619834111.
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This article makes the case for examining war from what Stephanie Bunn calls a ‘making point of view’. Makers and their material production of and for war have been neglected in our accounts of war, security and international relations. An attention to processes of making for war can reveal important things about how such processes are lived and undertaken at the level of the body. The article focuses on the particular phenomena of martial craft labour – the recreational making of ‘stuff’, including hats and pillowcases, by civilians for soldiers. To explore embodiment within this social site, an ethnographic method is outlined that enables the reading of objects as embodied texts, the observation of others in processes of making, and the undertaking of making by the researcher. Analysing embodied registers of aesthetic expression and the social values that attend such crafting for war reveals how this making is a space through which intimate embodied, emotional circulations undertake work for liberal-state and military-institutional logics and objectives, obscure violence, normalize war, and produce the military as an abstract social cause. Beyond the immediate empirical focus of this article, a much wider political entanglement of violence, embodiment and material production necessitates a concerted research agenda.
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Güçlü, Eda. "Urban Tanzîmât and Corrupting Property: Women as Petitioners of Honor in Nineteenth-Century Istanbul." Hawwa 15, no. 1-2 (November 3, 2017): 73–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341318.
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AbstractThis article examines the relations betweentanzîmâtand corruption within the context of urban renewal projects in nineteenth-century Istanbul. It takes corruption as a critical locus of analysis in order to understand notions of justice and morality that historical actors fashioned in the social production of urban tanzîmât and property relations. It reveals that a theme of honor was central to both state institutions and real estate owners with regard to the positions that they took in property conflicts that emerged as a result of planning activities in the city. This study argues that honor was not only a moral but also an economic theme that revolved around the question of locational values in this intense period of spatial restructuring.
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Kinyuru, J. N., and N. W. Ndung’u. "Promoting edible insects in Kenya: historical, present and future perspectives towards establishment of a sustainable value chain." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 6, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2019.0016.
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This paper discusses the current state and priorities of Kenya-based research and innovations on insects as food and feed with a view to establishing a vibrant insects’ value chain. The paper is divided into sections that focus on historical insect consumption, farming, utilisation and entrepreneurial priorities. The paper also introduces a new quadrat model for utilisation of edible insects which shows an interrelationship between edible insects, crops, animals and humans. The paper attempts to identify attempts on identifying social and psychological barriers to insects’ acceptance as food and feed since insects are intimately connected to strong cultural and regional values. We conclude with recommendations about the future priorities of edible insect field which include: tracking of production volumes, new innovations to support automation and industrial production, research on consumer attitudes and behaviour that is culturally sensitive, systematic, and large-scale; enactment of national and regional regulations to support the industry and unequivocal acknowledgment of the impacts of developments in the edible insect industry to national and regional development.
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Fowler, Mayhill C. "What Was Soviet and Ukrainian About Soviet Ukrainian Culture? Mykola Kulish’sMyna Mazailoon the Soviet Stage." Nationalities Papers 47, no. 3 (May 2019): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.12.
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AbstractIn the Soviet Union theatre was an arena for cultural transformation. This article focuses on theatre director Les Kurbas’ 1929 production of playwright Mykola Kulish’sMyna Mazailo, a dark comedy about Ukrainianization, to show the construction of “Soviet Ukrainian” culture. While the Ukrainian and the Soviet are often considered in opposition, this article takes the culture of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic seriously as a category. Well before Stalin’s infamous adage “national in form and socialist in content,” artists like Kulish and Kurbas were engaged in making art that was not “Ukrainian” in a generic Soviet mold, or “Soviet” art in a generic “Ukrainian” mold, but rather art of an entirely new category: Soviet Ukrainian. Far from a mere mouthpiece for state propaganda, early Soviet theatre offered a space for creating new values, social hierarchies, and worldviews. More broadly, this article argues that Soviet nationality policy was not only imposed from above, but also worked out on the stages of the republic by artists, officials, and audiences alike. Tracing productions ofMyna Mazailointo the post-Soviet period, moreover, reveals a lingering ambiguity over the content of culture in contemporary Ukraine. The state may no longer sponsor cultural construction, but theater remains a space of cultural contestation.
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Gleason, Mona. "Between Education and Memory: Health and Childhood in English-Canada, 1900-1950." Scientia Canadensis 29, no. 1 (June 23, 2009): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800503ar.
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Abstract Despite contemporary concerns regarding the state of Canadian children's health, historians in Canada have yet to fully explore how conventional medical experts and educators thought about, and safeguarded, children's health. This paper explores the interplay between two sources of information regarding the provision of healthy children between 1900 and the end of the Second World War in the English Canadian context: curricular messages regarding health and illness aimed at public school children and the oral histories and autobiographies of adults who grew up in this period. Rather than simply juxtapose official health curriculum and lived memory, I argue that the two co-mingled to produce differing kinds of embodied knowledge aimed at the production and reproduction of hegemonic social values in the English Canadian setting. These values co-existed both harmoniously and uncomfortably, depending very much upon the priorities of, and socially constructed limitations placed upon, particular families in particular contexts.
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Petrovski, Sara. "How does the use of “culture” and “tradition” shape the women’s rights discourse in transitional Serbia?" Filozofija i drustvo 27, no. 3 (2016): 679–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1603685p.
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Although social anthropologists have mostly abandoned the essentialist view of ?culture? and ?tradition?, these static notions are still frequently used in Serbian public discourse regarding women?s rights. I believe that analysing the production of cultural meaning and knowledge among different social actors and the state is important when exploring the implementation, transformation and protection of women?s rights at a local level. In this article, I shall investigate how ?culture? and ?tradition? are being constructed and used by certain right wing groups, political leaders, intellectuals and by the Serbian Orthodox Church. On one side, arguments of ?culture? and ?tradition? are used in order to ?preserve the national identity? and save it from ?imposed Western norms? and ?Western imperialism?, while on the other, they are used to explain the cultural obstacles regarding the effective protection of women?s rights. ?Tradition?, often constructed as a linear project of inherited ?cultural? and ?moral? values and practices, stands in opposition to the EU; therefore, it calls to be nurtured and protected or changed and abandoned. Consequently, I see women rights issues trapped into a pro-EU or against EU, pro-traditional values or pro-liberal values discourse. I conclude that women rights in Serbia are and probably will be affected more by the use and abuse of different concepts of ?culture? and ?tradition?.
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Vidal, Fernando, and Bernhard Kleeberg. "Introduction: Knowledge, Belief, and the Impulse to Natural Theology." Science in Context 20, no. 3 (August 14, 2007): 381–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889707001354.
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The title of this issue of Science in Context – “Believing Nature, Knowing God” – is intended to suggest the moral, emotional, and cognitive conditions in which the historical alliance of “nature” and “God” operated, and to make a more general point about knowing and believing. The production of scientific knowledge includes mechanisms for bringing about acceptance that such knowledge is true, and thus for generating a psychological state of belief. To claim to have knowledge of nature involves an attitude of belief in certain epistemic values, in the procedures associated with them, and in the results to which they lead. “Nature,” both as a totality to be known, and as the sum of the results of research directed towards it, turns out to be an object of belief.
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Tyumaseva Z.I.,, Valeeva G.V.,, Nasyrova E.F.,, Krasnoshchechenko I.P.,, Yusipova I.V.,, Khudyakova T.L.,, Kassymova G.K.,, and Arpentieva M.R.,. "VALUE-MOTIVATIONAL SPHERE OF THE DEVIANT PEOPLE AND PSYCHOTHERAPY OF EDUCATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS." BULLETIN 6, no. 388 (December 15, 2020): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.212.
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The objective of this article is to analyze the problems of deviant behavior in the context of the processes. The method of research is a theoretical analysis of the problem of deviant behavior in the context of the processes and results of deformations of the value system of an individual and the community. Results. Deviations in human behavior in different ages are manifested in a variety of forms, such as aggression and autoaggression, alcoholism and drug addiction, offenses and crimes, and new forms of the addiction. The problem of the (re/trans) formation of a system of values is touched upon in the multitude of works by modern and classic scientists, pedagogues, social workers, and other specialists. Production-technological, socio-psychological and politico-economic changes in worlds have led to the destruction and desacralization of the customary system of values, such as moral norms, their representation in interaction with fatherland, family and friendship, professional and work communication. Modern societies began to exist in the spirit of principles and rules of life, that values are formed spontaneously and exists in individual forms. This makes these norms very vulnerable to deviations and crushes the very understanding of deviations. Conclusions. In working with deviations in the framework of academic psychological counseling and psychotherapy of educational disorders (didactogeny), it is important to understand that value deformations are not only a person and their relationships, but also the social context, including state and national programs and deformations. Therefore, work with violations is related to helping a person to remain human or to help restore human status in the foot despite the circumstances, anomie, and desacralization of macro-social crises and injuries.
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Kimani, David. "Risk and Social Interactions in the Adoption of Improved Dairy Breeds by Smallholder Farmers in Kenya." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 20 (July 31, 2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n20p80.
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This study investigates the role of production risk and social interaction in the adoption of improved dairy breeds by smallholder farmers in Kenya. In agricultural production outputs are uncertain and they may turn out to be favorable or unfavorable. Therefore, farmers may not always get what they expect to produce. Deviation from expected output constitutes production risk. This form of risk is said to hinder the adoption of yield increasing technologies. Farmers rarely have complete information about the performance of new agricultural technologies. Lack of perfect information about the performance of new technologies may as well hinder adoption. To fill the information gap farmers seek to acquire information through formal and informal sources. Informal sources include social interations with peers and neighbors. Flexible moments method is used to derive production risk variables. While mean values of selected variables of a reference group defined at village level are used as proxies for social interactions. The study applies three different methods, probit, two-stage instrumental variable, and Control function on cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 373 smallholder farmers to evaluate role of risk and social interactions in the adoption of improved dairy breeds. The finding shows that endogenous social Interactions as measure by proportion of improved breeds’ adopters in a reference group have positive and significant effect on adoption of improved dairy breeds. Production risk as measured by variance and skewness of milk output is found to have negative and significant effects of adoption of improved dairy breeds.
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Korovin, Sergey Semenovich. "The structure and content of the professional physical culture of the personality." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20161309.
Full textAbstract:
The primary factor of the development of society, production of its culture is the reproduction of a full-fledged personality combining adoption of socio-cultural values and commitment to their transformation and translation into social practices, primarily practices in professional activity, to the greatest extent responsible for creating material, spiritual and artistic values of culture. Such a large-scale (in time and qualitative senses) transformation of personality through culture and for culture in connection with professional activities and biosocial nature of personality in the aggregate determine the involvement of the values of professional physical culture (PPC). Mainly with their use the harmonious development of biosocial starts of personality is provided, also the system of its motor and personal needs and abilities in accordance with the specificity of professional activity in relation to the formation of specific and integrated personal experiences-professional physical culture of personality (PPCP), optimal and typical professional level of which is the factor and prerequisite of the quality of socialization, the process of filling in the values of the culture; a reflection of the quality of higher and secondary professional education. According to modern concepts the components of professional physical culture of personality and its chief characteristics are : physical (optimal physical development, applied motor fitness (psychomotor sphere), physical adaptation); cognitive-intellectual (theoretical preparedness in the sphere of PPC, the state of professionally significant mental processes); axiological (the value orientation in the sphere of PPC and system of social values); physical activity (motives and needs, involvement in profiled sports activities and instructor activities in it). The main features of formation of each of the identified components of PPCP are also presented.
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Oliveira, Elis Regina de, and Victor Rezende Moreira Couto. "Productive and Economic Viability of Raising Beef Cattle in the Savanna of the Brazilian State of Goiás." Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural 56, no. 3 (September 2018): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1234-56781806-94790560302.
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Abstract: The present study evaluates the economic viability of four different models of beef cattle production in the rio Vermelho hydrographic basin. The study focuses on the traditional extensive ranching system, which was compared to three intensive systems, one based on low levels of concentrated supplementation, a second with low levels of concentrated supplementation and confinement for fattening and an intensive grazing system, with supplementation during the dry and rainy seasons. The investments were estimated for the different levels of technical specifications of each system. The net present values and internal return rate were used for the assessment of the economic viability of the project, considering the minimum rate of attractiveness, equivalent to the inflation-adjusted savings interest rate (6.17%). The continuity of the sector was evaluated based on the gross and net margins, and profitability rates, where the system is already installed. All four systems had gross and net margins and profitability consistent with their economic sustainability over both the short and long terms. However, only two systems (reduced consumption of concentrated supplements and the intensive grazing system) were economically viable as start-ups.
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Rosas-Sánchez, Gustavo Armando, Zorba Josué Hernández-Estrada, Mirna Leonor Suárez-Quiroz, Oscar González-Ríos, and Patricia Rayas-Duarte. "Coffee Cherry Pulp by-Product as a Potential Fiber Source for Bread Production: A Fundamental and Empirical Rheological Approach." Foods 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040742.
Full textAbstract:
Effects of substituting of wheat flour with coffee cherry pulp powder (CCPP) (coffee by-product as fiber source) at 0, 1.2, 2.3, and 4.7% dry basis (0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5% wet basis) on dough and gluten rheological properties and baking quality were investigated. Rheological properties were analyzed during mixing, compression recovery, and creep-recovery. A rheological approach was adopted to study the viscoelasticity of dough enriched with fiber. The data obtained were analyzed with the Kelvin–Voigt model and the parameters were correlated to bread volume and crumb firmness to assess the effect of incorporating CCPP. A decrease in gluten’s elastic properties was attributed to the water-binding and gelling properties of CCPP. Stiffness of dough and crumb firmness increased as the level of CCPP increased and bread volume decreased. Stiffer dough corresponded with lower compliance values and higher steady state viscosity compared to the control. A follow-up study with 5% CCPP and additives is recommended to overcome the reduction in elastic recovery and bread volume.
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Sokolov, Arkadiy V. "National Security and National Library." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)] 68, no. 3 (July 27, 2019): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2019-68-3-231-247.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study is to understand the mission of national library in the system of national security of Russia. The author formulates definition of national security basing on the analysis of state concepts and doctrines of national security. The national library is conceived as a humanistic resource of national security, which is protected from information wars. The author considers the components of national security: the nation at the level of individual, society and state; national values in the form of demographic stability, cultural heritage, favourable environment; hazards — hostile phenomena detrimental to the nation; types of security — the types of activities necessary to overcome external and internal hazards; resources — social institutions that ensure the integrity and sustainable development of the nation. The paper proposes definition of bibliosphere as a super-system (system of systems), carrying out production, preservation, use and further development of the national book communication. The components of bibliosphere are: professionally specialized social institutions (publishing, printing industry, book trade, librarianship, bibliography); bibliophile social and cultural movement; commercial and non-profit associations; government authorities and censorship, etc. Considering the doctrine of information security, the author notes that bibliosphere is not an element of information sphere and an object of information security. Culture is presented as a key factor in national security. The paper characterizes the dilemma of militarization and humanization of society in the post-industrial era and emphasizes the urgency of formation of moral and creative individual. The author grounds the new understanding of social mission of the national library.
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Gorbatenko, Volodymyr. "CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORIAL BASIS OF INTERPRETATION LEGAL POLICY." Politology bulletin, no. 82 (2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2018.82.18-28.
Full textAbstract:
The balance between politics and law is a particular area that requires a concerted effort from the legal and political sciences. In line with this, the urgent issue is to find out the particularities of discourse regarding the interaction between politics and law. The purpose of this study is to identify and identify the characteristic features of the basic concepts and categories by which it is expedient to systematize cross-sectoral knowledge in the political and legal sphere. The concept of political and legal reality is proposed to include such concepts as «legal policy», «legal law», «political law», «political and legal values», «social state». These concepts are viewed from the following perspective: «legal policy» (the basis of legal legitimation, consolidation and implementation of the political course of the country, the will of official leaders and power structures); «Legal law» (normative legal act, the source of which is the sovereign will of the people and whose task is in accordance with the purpose of law and the nature of social relations); «Political law» (regulatory system aimed at supplementing the formal and legal component of natural law management, regulation of the main political structures); «Political and legal values» (the defining characteristics of the collective and individual consciousness that affect the norms, expectations, standards, which are realized in the relations of people, and also form the new foundations of spiritual, cultural, ideological development); «Social state» (the type of state, the basis of which is the desire to provide every citizen with decent living conditions, social protection, participation in the management of production, and ideally about equal life chances, opportunities for self-realization of the individual). Important for the study of the problems of legal political science are also dichotomous correlations of the categories «monism — pluralism in politics and law», «political will — will in law», «political expediency — legal pragmatism». At the same time, the proposed list is indicative and does not exhaust the possibility of applying other concepts and categories that accompany a rather ambiguous relationship between policy and law. The study applied descriptive and systematic methods that allowed us to summarize and optimize important information to identify key parameters of development and dynamic changes in political and legal reality. In-depth mastery of certain concepts and categories opens new opportunities for further study of state and legal phenomena. In accordance with the tasks of the legal and political sciences, an important problem of the present is the study of boundary problems of politics and law, for a deep understanding of which should combine the resources of the above sciences. First of all, we are talking about the most significant political and legal problems that arise in the context of global state-social transformations.
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Gorbatenko, Volodymyr. "CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORIAL BASIS OF INTERPRETATION LEGAL POLICY." Politology bulletin, no. 82 (2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2019.82.18-28.
Full textAbstract:
The balance between politics and law is a particular area that requires a concerted effort from the legal and political sciences. In line with this, the urgent issue is to find out the particularities of discourse regarding the interaction between politics and law. The purpose of this study is to identify and identify the characteristic features of the basic concepts and categories by which it is expedient to systematize cross-sectoral knowledge in the political and legal sphere. The concept of political and legal reality is proposed to include such concepts as «legal policy», «legal law», «political law», «political and legal values», «social state». These concepts are viewed from the following perspective: «legal policy» (the basis of legal legitimation, consolidation and implementation of the political course of the country, the will of official leaders and power structures); «Legal law» (normative legal act, the source of which is the sovereign will of the people and whose task is in accordance with the purpose of law and the nature of social relations); «Political law» (regulatory system aimed at supplementing the formal and legal component of natural law management, regulation of the main political structures); «Political and legal values» (the defining characteristics of the collective and individual consciousness that affect the norms, expectations, standards, which are realized in the relations of people, and also form the new foundations of spiritual, cultural, ideological development); «Social state» (the type of state, the basis of which is the desire to provide every citizen with decent living conditions, social protection, participation in the management of production, and ideally about equal life chances, opportunities for self-realization of the individual). Important for the study of the problems of legal political science are also dichotomous correlations of the categories «monism — pluralism in politics and law», «political will — will in law», «political expediency — legal pragmatism». At the same time, the proposed list is indicative and does not exhaust the possibility of applying other concepts and categories that accompany a rather ambiguous relationship between policy and law. The study applied descriptive and systematic methods that allowed us to summarize and optimize important information to identify key parameters of development and dynamic changes in political and legal reality. In-depth mastery of certain concepts and categories opens new opportunities for further study of state and legal phenomena. In accordance with the tasks of the legal and political sciences, an important problem of the present is the study of boundary problems of politics and law, for a deep understanding of which should combine the resources of the above sciences. First of all, we are talking about the most significant political and legal problems that arise in the context of global state-social transformations.
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Pesic, Jelena. "Persistence of traditionalist value orientations in Serbia." Sociologija 48, no. 4 (2006): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0604289p.
Full textAbstract:
Systematic failures in attempts to modernize Serbian society during the past two centuries have led to the survival of traditionalist value orientations. The long period of Ottoman rule allowed patriarchal, warrior-tribal cultural patterns to persist and shape the basis for national and overall cultural identity. Extreme poverty, autarkical agricultural production, the slow penetration of capitalism and a market economy, an undifferentiated social structure with majority of rural population, patriarchal organization of both the private and public sphere and the authoritarian character of authority, were characteristics of Serbian pre-modern society, which inhibited its development and contributed to the persistence of traditionalism. Although the socialist period was modernizing in many respects, homology between socialist and pre-modern collectivist, egalitarian and authoritarian orientation, made it easy for nationalism to penetrate and consequently led to decomposition of the state in civil wars. Delayed post-socialist transformation, characterized by civil war, economic collapse, extreme impoverishment, and international isolation, has only strengthened the orientation towards pre-modern patterns of identification. This paper examines the persistence of collectivism, authoritarianism and patriarchal orientation in the period of unhindered post-socialist transformation, based on the data obtained in the "South-East European Social Survey Project" (SEESSP), conducted from December 2003 to January 2004. These results are compared with those obtained in the research project "Changes in the Class Structure and Mobility in Serbia", conducted in 1989.
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Salter, Brian, and Charlotte Salter. "Controlling new knowledge: Genomic science, governance and the politics of bioinformatics." Social Studies of Science 47, no. 2 (January 5, 2017): 263–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312716681210.
Full textAbstract:
The rise of bioinformatics is a direct response to the political difficulties faced by genomics in its quest to be a new biomedical innovation, and the value of bioinformatics lies in its role as the bridge between the promise of genomics and its realization in the form of health benefits. Western scientific elites are able to use their close relationship with the state to control and facilitate the emergence of new domains compatible with the existing distribution of epistemic power – all within the embrace of public trust. The incorporation of bioinformatics as the saviour of genomics had to be integrated with the operation of two key aspects of governance in this field: the definition and ownership of the new knowledge. This was achieved mainly by the development of common standards and by the promotion of the values of communality, open access and the public ownership of data to legitimize and maintain the governance power of publicly funded genomic science. Opposition from industry advocating the private ownership of knowledge has been largely neutered through the institutions supporting the science-state concordat. However, in order for translation into health benefits to occur and public trust to be assured, genomic and clinical data have to be integrated and knowledge ownership agreed upon across the separate and distinct governance territories of scientist, clinical medicine and society. Tensions abound as science seeks ways of maintaining its control of knowledge production through the negotiation of new forms of governance with the institutions and values of clinicians and patients.