Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socialisme utopique'
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Yonnet, Franck. "Saint-Simonisme et système bancaire : utopie et pratique." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EVRY0001.
Full textSchkolnyk, Claude. "Victoire tinayre (1831-1895). Du socialisme utopique au positivisme proletaire." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070054.
Full textThe biography of the communard victoire tinayre tries to demonstrate the relevance of biography as a contribution to history. The subject of this biography is a woman born in a family with republican traditions and is a mother of five children is a militant in the struggle for social emancipation and a militant for the feminist movement and is a teacher and a writer who at the same time possesses her own distinctive personal qualities. Her exceptional destiny happens to be in the heart of outstanding events of the century which gives to historians the opportunity of a multidimensional, historical, sociological, psychological approach of grest changes in the working class movement in the first phase of its evolution, changes in the mentality of society, changes in political parties and in family strucutre, changes regarding the place and the role of women as well as their aspirations at given epoch and in a given environment. The swiss and hungarian phases of her life open a window on an international wiev of the history of the workers movement and the european scene. The selection of material from personal archives and the use of large amount of correspondance respond to the concern toreproduce an image as authentic as possible of private life
Dejardin, Camille. "John Stuart Mill, libéral utopique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020060/document.
Full textJohn Stuart Mill's syncretic political thought is too often misestimated. My work aims to demonstrate that it is though consistent and that its pivotal point lies in Mill's vision of Progress: this one is conceived at the same time as the human nature and the human telos and as such, it unifies his views on education, happiness, social justice, economic stability and the aims and means of the representative government. All these elements build a new kind of utopia, a liberal utopia focused on the conditions of its own advent and preservation. In this perspective, my First Part will sort out which influences nourish Mill's writings, between liberalism, socialism and conservatism – none of these ideologies being completely accurate. Part Two will then theorize “transcendantal liberalism” so as to describe his approach as a unified doctrine polarized by liberalism but always keeping in mind what “liberty” relies on, i.e. the preconditions of individual and collective autonomy. Part Three will stress on which material, moral and political devices are required by such a goal: a steady-state economy and demography, moral growth and the culture of an “Art of Living” and a “religion of Humanity”, and finally the flourishing of a truly pluralist representative government. To conclude, the Perspectives will highlight a few elements inspired by Mill and likely to be useful for the renewal of nowadays ideology of Progress, particularly from an ecological standpoint
Dupuis, Serge. "La Pensée et l'action d'un socialiste utopique, Robert Owen, 1771-1858." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604771s.
Full textChaïbi, Olivier. "Jules Lechevalier, pionnier de l'économie sociale (1806-1862) /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41432703c.
Full textRouillé, Monique. "Aspects du saint-simonisme : la question de l'utopie." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090002.
Full textThis thesis is composed of several studies devoted to the utopian phase of saint-simonianism (1825-1835) (there are two analyses of the saint-simonian periodical le producteur, and a discussion of the correspondences of two saint-simonian women, c. Simon and a. Arnaud), to utopia as a form of imaginary representation of the social space, as well as a critical history of saint-simonianism. The unifying principle of this body of texts resides in a reflexion which seeks to explore and determine why utopias flourished in the modern post-revolutionay political space, more particularly how the various modes and forms of expression and representation peculiar to utopian saint-simonianism came to define a religious experience. The critical interpretations of the saint-simonian movement over the last a hundred and fifty years, the various "meta-discourses" on saint-simonianism, all held within the framework of a positivist and linear conception of history, leave a "remainder" which is difficult to grasp through classical analytical tools and which cannot be refined away in terms of "political history". It is this "utopian remainder" which is analysed here in some aspects of its manifestations (namely the search for a new spiritual power as a tool for criticism in the yet not-stable political space of the end of the french restoration, and the emancipating practices of women in "speech acts" and "writings"). The conceptual framework here is that of walter bejamin's historical approach which allows these past experiences to be re-located in their contemporary political present and enables us to re-define the emancipating potentialities of these social imaginary forms which have been overlooked by classical analysis. Saint-simonianism thus appears, in its ambivalence, rather than the forefather of socialism or technocracy, as part and parcel of the invention of democracy
Mercklé, Pierre Grafmeyer Yves. "Le socialisme, l'utopie ou la science ? la "science sociale" de Charles Fourier et les expérimentations sociales de l'Ecole sociétaire au XIXe siècle /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/merckle_p.
Full textLe, Nguyen Yên Nhu. "La vision du droit et des institutions par les socialistes utopistes de 1820 à 1850." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32010.
Full textDejardin, Camille. "John Stuart Mill, libéral utopique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020060.
Full textJohn Stuart Mill's syncretic political thought is too often misestimated. My work aims to demonstrate that it is though consistent and that its pivotal point lies in Mill's vision of Progress: this one is conceived at the same time as the human nature and the human telos and as such, it unifies his views on education, happiness, social justice, economic stability and the aims and means of the representative government. All these elements build a new kind of utopia, a liberal utopia focused on the conditions of its own advent and preservation. In this perspective, my First Part will sort out which influences nourish Mill's writings, between liberalism, socialism and conservatism – none of these ideologies being completely accurate. Part Two will then theorize “transcendantal liberalism” so as to describe his approach as a unified doctrine polarized by liberalism but always keeping in mind what “liberty” relies on, i.e. the preconditions of individual and collective autonomy. Part Three will stress on which material, moral and political devices are required by such a goal: a steady-state economy and demography, moral growth and the culture of an “Art of Living” and a “religion of Humanity”, and finally the flourishing of a truly pluralist representative government. To conclude, the Perspectives will highlight a few elements inspired by Mill and likely to be useful for the renewal of nowadays ideology of Progress, particularly from an ecological standpoint
Gourdot, Paul. "Les sources maconniques du socialisme francais (1848-1871)." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT5015.
Full textFrench freemasonry played an important role as the vehicle of new ideas of liberty and equality coming from the age of enlightenment, of which it says to be the heir, around the middle of the xixth century when these principles will turn from the philosophy of happiness into a social doctrine: the humanist socialism. This new doctrine takes into account not only the moral concepts of justice and equity inherited from the french revolution, but also adds to them a search for solutions to the social question by means of a levelling economical repartition. Within masonic lodges of the grand orient de france, this new doctrine was going to meet a maturation and developments which allow us to assert that the masonic institution played a positive role in the concretisation of the humanist socialism between the revolution of 1848 and the commune of paris
De, Almeida Paulo Henrique. "L'isolement socialiste - une variante de l'autarcie : esquisse d'une Histoire de l'Idée d'Autarcie." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100139.
Full textThe thesis is about (1) the evolution of the idea of autarky – policy of economic self-sufficiency in a political unity – in the economic thinking, and more particularly about (2) the development of a specific notion of autarky: that which results in the Stalinist doctrine of the « socialism in one country ». It proposes two levels of analysis. The first one is related to the history of ideas. The second one is related to historical facts. Autarky is then examined as an original conception, contrasted not only to free-trade, but also to mercantilism and industrial protectionism. The research is based on the period between the economic crisis of 1873 and 1929. However it also includes the evolution of the thinking about the autarkist development since 1945. From the point of view of the history of economic thought, we conclude that Stalinist doctrine is an heir of a very ancient conception of autarky that reappears in the German socialist movement since the 19th century. From the point of view of the economic history, we conclude that the Stalinist autarkist policy is nothing but a variant of the autarkist policies applied during the period between the First and the Second World War
Mercklé, Pierre. "Le socialisme, l'utopie ou la science ? : la "science sociale" de Charles Fourier et les expérimentations sociales de l'Ecole sociétaire au XIXe siècle." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/merckle_p.
Full textSantiago, Gabriel Lomba. "As utopias nos processos de libertação na América latina... /." Campinas [Brasil] : Universidade estadual de Campinas-Faculdade de educação, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36709475k.
Full textPilette, Marie-Pierre. "Mise en place, évolution et mise à mort de l'utopie : discours et société en France de 1817 à 1847." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040029.
Full textUtopia in France 1817 to 1847 obeyed 3 imperatives: at once to take hold of the pubic power with a subtle processes of conquests and concessions who conducted in July 1830 to a powerful state. This state held 9 powers: in addition to the executive, the legislature and the judiciary power; management, military and the foreign office and 3 new powers: public opinion, intelligence service and policing. The second imperative was to bring about a social change: insularity and principally the sharp alignment of political parties who reached its highest point in January 1833 with the creation of "l'Année de la mère" who went into action with private property. During the last seven years, utopia was more ideological to make his system a party capable of measuring his strength against liberalism and socialism. This system was the cause of utopia's death for the benefit of communism
Arantes, Urias Corrêa. "L'utopie de Charles Fourier : essai sur une dialectologie des passages." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010569.
Full textThis work proposes a new interpretation of Fourier's writings. The first part includes a review of the fourierist litterature (chapter 1), and an analysis of some questions concerning the fourierist school,particularly v. Considerant's thought and practice. (chapter 2). The second part describes the three main focus of Fourier's discourse: action, knowledge and desire. It shows that what is at stake there is the articulation of those three dimensions and their transformation in order to carry out the possibilities given to man and nature
Fleurot, Magali. "Le socialisme individualiste au XIXe siècle en Grande-Bretagne et en France : autonomie du sujet et développement des capacités individuelles chez les anti-collectivistes." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30069.
Full textThe object of this doctorate dissertation is to draw the lines of a particular version of Socialism – dubbed individualistic to show the difference with the collectivistic approach – which was overshadowed by Marxism and so-called “scientific” Socialism. The aim here is to go back to the roots but also to the basic principles which that version is made of. We will explore its practical embodiments in the artistic as well as pedagogical areas where the stress on individuality proved particularly successful and conducive to the inception of active pedagogy. We will first address the dichotomy between society and the individual, especially in its manifestations within the scope of communitarian initiatives in Great-Britain, France and sometimes in the United States. The second part will exemplify the same tension in the figure of the artist because of the difficulty to reconcile a political commitment with an individualistic position. The third part will be devoted to the same problem concerning educationalists and their work. Thanks to a historical approach, the purpose is to determine here whether this movement has a community of ideas and idiosyncratic characteristics. The notion that Socialism had to be based on a rapid and constant production is questioned by our postindustrial society, calling thereby for a reassessment of values and priorities. Therefore, the kind of politics which values the individual’s development and autonomy as well as a strengthening of solidarity cannot but be in harmony with today’s concerns
Azarova, Ekatérina. "Appartement communautaire : un type d'habitat, un système des moeurs et une image caractéristique du monde soviétique, le cas de Moscou." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082303.
Full textOur study concerns the 1 version of the collectivisation of daily life, which began in 1918 in the "investment capital rental buildings". The community apartment block is an example, the as well study of domestic lifestyles of the majority of soviet citizens and the constant reminder of the precarious economic situation. In the 1 part, the pre-Revolutionary era, we consider several aspects which seem to us to be essential in the genesis of this phenomenon, as a spatial framework and social context for domestic life. The 2 and 3 parts are dedicated to the analysis of the message and the practises of the Bolchevique era, in relation to the creation and the administration of the community apartment blocks, as well as the specific role which this type of dwelling acquired in the 1920's. The community apartment blocks, as a living place and as a reservoir of specific sociability, is analysed in the 4 part, through the words of the actual inhabitants. It is an analysis of the inhabited space, transformed, reorganised, and bearing the traces of different inhabitants and successive communities. The 5 part is dedicated to the analysis of the role of the community apartment block in Soviet culture and it's image as reflected in literature and in the cinema as a historical framework, a character or as a symbol of the Soviet word
Brémand, Nathalie. "Les socialistes et l’enfance au XIXe siècle (1830-1870)." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040163.
Full textDuring the period 1830-1870, French socialists represented children as innocent and pure beings who were victims of the society of that era. Children were for them a source of immense hope, since they were seen as the emerging generation that would transform society. The socialists’ conception of the ideal society attributed a special status to childhood. They saw it as a period that was divided into a number of specific age groups, and they accorded children an individualized place in both private and public space. They advocated, and indeed deemed indispensable, the protection of children by the community, and they supported the founding of new institutions designed for juveniles. They redefined the child’s place in society, re-examining educational relationships, reallocating roles within the family, and in some cases placing children on equal terms with adults. In the experiments they carried out – colonies, communities, associations – the children’s moral education was a priority, since youth was expected to play a fundamental role in social change. In most cases, children were separated from their parents, trained to assimilate the values embodied in the new forms of social organization, and expected to transmit them later to the adults. By disseminating their ideas and applying them through social experiments, “utopian” socialists played a part in the change in attitudes towards children that was exhibited throughout the nineteenth century. To a certain extent they contributed to the evolution toward a modern conception of the child’s status in society
Hecquet, Michèle. "Contrats et symboles. Essai sur l'idealisme de sand." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070034.
Full textThis study analyses george sand' five socialistes novels whose protagonists are workers, artisans, a sheperdess and a serving maid from restoration or the age of louis-philippe: le compagnon du tour de france, horace, jeanne, le meunier d'angibault, le peche de monsieur antoine. The first chapter evaluates the realism of her account of the journeyman' exis tence and especially the relation between his sect and society at large. It then considers sand's tales as a form of translation which creates new symbols. The third chapter analyses the function and ethics of the symbols as the basis for exchanges between sand's characters; and her tales as calculated to change social relations by way of a dialogue with the reader. The fourth chapter considers the only parisian noval of the group, horace and explores the opposition between an imaginary investments in literary models (bovarysm) and a symbolic relation to the law. Our fifth chapter considers jeanne as a reflection on lower class education,. . .
Chaïbi, Olivier. "Un pionnier de l'économie sociale : vie et oeuvres de Jules Lechevalier Saint-André (1806-1862) : des socialismes "utopiques" aux modèles coopératifs." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010678.
Full textDhaussy, Catherine. "Utopie et démocratie humanitaire aux Etats-Unis et en France entre 1830 et 1848 : Comparaison et étude d'interactions." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA131016.
Full textThis PhD deals with intercultural relations between France and the United States during the years 1830-48. A proliferation of social movements developed during this period in both countries. Americans call them (Antebellum) Reform. However, French have never used one single word to refer to such social phenomena at that time. In order to investigate this discrepancy (a similarity in events vs. A semantic difference), four case studies are considered, using an approach which is both related to historiography and to history. Two comparisons (abolitionism and feminism), and two studies on interactions (fourierism in the U. S. A. And the penitentiary reform in France) verify the hypothesis: from 1830 to 1848, despite similarities and transatlantic exchanges, the ideas and behaviors of the reformers are shaped by the two national dimensions. The conclusion of this research suggests that this tendency still exists; it also suggests extending the investigation towards other linguistic areas
Graf, Rüdiger. "Die Zukunft der Weimarer Republik : Krisen und Zukunftsaneignungen in Deutschland 1918-1933 /." München : Oldenbourg, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3051914&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textSiméon, Ophélie. "De l’usine à l’utopie : New Lanark 1785-1825. : Histoire d’un village ouvrier « modèle »." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20083.
Full textThis thesis examines the textile industrial village of New Lanark (Scotland). Founded in 1785 and now a World Heritage site, it is mostly renowned for its reputation as a « model » factory, thanks to its association with Robert Owen (1771-1858), himself considered the « Father of British socialism ». It argues that such myth-making must be studied in context in order to grasp both its scope and significance, submitting it to a deconstruction and reconstruction process. Firstly, the history of the industrial village will be studied in the context of the Industrial Revolution in order to understand the specificities of this type of settlement, namely its close links with so-called « paternalistic » management methods. Examining paternalist discourses also sheds light on the foundations and formation of Owen’s thought, as he used New Lanark as a testbed for an experiment in social reform. Secondly, the industrial village will be studied per se in order to confront its internal dynamics with the application of Owen’s policies. Thirdly, we will analyse how New Lanark was received in its day, as Owen launched a campaign for the promotion of his doctrine, which amounted to the birth of the first British socialist movement in the late 1820s. The pioneering status which both New Lanark and Owen have been awarded also need to be analysed in relation to the latter’s labelling as a « utopian socialist ». The making of this tradition can therefore be understood as a series of strategic processes whereby Owen has been integrated into the socialist canon despite his supposed eccentricities and thanks primarily to his enlightened management policies at New Lanark, thus establishing him as the founder of a distinctively British socialism owing nothing to Marxism
Olivier-D'Avignon, Geneviève. "De la production sociale du quotidien à la construction sociale de l'utopie : le Campement autogéré." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26490/26490.pdf.
Full textVergnon, Marie. "Robert Owen, pédagogue de la modernité ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0349.
Full textRobert Owen’s figure (1771-1858) is well known as regards infant education thanks to his foundation of New Lanark Infant School in Scotland (1816). This school was however only the first step of his project. The social reformer wanted to change society through education: his pedagogical work therefore proves to be far more important. Our research intends to shed light on his educational achievements addressed to the whole population. Owen was however considering his Scottish experience as a “compromise” with his social philosophy. We thus attempted to comprehend his theoretical conceptions beyond what he was able to implement. He claimed the newness of his proposals. Those are examined with regard to the main 18th and 19th centuries’ pedagogical movement: educational modernity (Hameline; Houssaye)
Dupuis, Serge. "La pensee et l'action d'un socialiste utopique, robert owen : 1771-1858." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20117.
Full textThroughout my thesis, my purpose has been to demonstrate how robert owen's thought and action, far from being the "rag-bag" of ideas and initiatives that has sometimes been pointed out, could in fact be organized round the central idea of utopian socialism. I have therefore attempted to emphasize the constant presence, in owen's written work and action, of a genuine kind of socialism and an irreductible utopian way of looking at things, and to show how the latter could be considered as the tragical flaw in the former. The first part of my thesis enabled me to trace their sources in the influences which acted upon owen, in the second part of my work, i then undertook to describe the ripening of what has been called robert owen's "system", to follow owen's evolution from a reformist point of view to the determined intention to achieve a radical transformation of the british society of his days. In the third part of my work, i presented the former factory-manager's utopian socialism in action, particularly in its communitarian and educational ambitions. At last, in my conclusion, i laid the stress on the fact that owen's importance in history lay in his undeniable contribution to the formation of the british working-cl
Sartori, Carina. "Entre France et Brésil : l'itinéraire atlantique de Michel-Marie Derrion (1803-1850)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROF001.
Full textMichel-Marie Derrion was born in Lyon in the penultimate year of the Consular Republic. During his youth, Michel Derrion fils lived in the midst of proletarian struggles in the Croix-Rousse district. When he was not working in his father's silk workshop, he used to attend conferences on Saint-Simon and the ideas of Charles Fourier. In 1834, he published his first brochure about the creation of a social fund for the organization of fair trade. In the following years, he founded the first industrial cooperative in Lyon called Le Commerce Véridique et Social. This establishment collapsed in 1837 and Michel Derrion left Lyon to go to Paris. There, he made new acquaintances and founded the Industrial Union with other members in 1841. The latter was a community structured based on the ideas of Fourier, and of which the objective was to settle in southern Brazil. The colonial project began in December 1841 but proved to be a failure for polítical reasons. Michel Derrion died on March 12, 1850, in Rio de Janeiro. The story of Michel-Marie Derrion offers a relevant case study to develop the knowledge of French migration in the mid-19th century: the migration that pushed young provincial men to Paris looking for work and freedom, but also the migration that led people across the Atlantic to the New World. This biographical project aims to investigate Michel Derrion's life experiences (from Lyon to Paris and Brazil), his relationships, his professional networks, his political convictions and his peregrinations, in a context of Atlantic exchanges between France and Brazil
Foufoulas, Dimitrios. "Sociologie et utopie socialiste : essai sur Saint-Simon." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070095.
Full text« L'âge d'or du genre humain n'est point derrière nous, il est au-devant, il est dans la perfection de l'ordre social ». By this famous saying, Saint-Simon found his place among the other great utopian figures of XIXth century. However the different sociological schools neglected the utopian inspiration of saint-Simonian thought. Despite having different epistemological and theoretical orientations, Emile Durkheim, Georges Gurvitch and Pierre Ansart pointed out that Saint-Simon's thought is at the origin of a progressive and reforming sociology which goes, due to its pragmatism, against the utopian projects for social organization. In the first part of this thesis, we remain critical towards these « sociological » readings so as to detach Saint-Simon's thought from an anti-utopian tradition. As we know the utopian images of the XIX* century balanced between dream and phantasmagoria, in other words, between promise of a harmonious, reconciled world and illusion of progress which leads to the conservation of the oppression. In thee second part of this thesis, we try to resolve the ambivalence of the utopian images by changing them into dialectical, that is to say into images of an emancipated world which is no more threatened by a catastrophe. To do so Walter Benjamin's thought is of a major importance because it allows us to put forward a technique of awakening which could purify the utopian dreams from their phantasmagorical aspects
Aguenier, Lucas. "Réconcilier des futurs multiples : utopies et espérances d'avenir dans le contexte insurrectionnel de San Pedro Chenalhó (Chiapas, Mexique)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34744.
Full textThis study analyzes the evolution and the current and future transformations of the insurrectionary context in Chiapas, and more specifically the municipality of San Pedro Chenalhó. Twenty-five years after the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN) uprising – a movement that is still a major reference for social struggles all around the world –, the economic, political and social difficulties have increased and now impact all the resistance groups in the region. This has lead some to abandon the revolutionary project, and has caused divisions and oppositions among others. Groups’ and individuals’ political positionnings have been numerous and conflicting in these last years. Focusing on the principles of « Utopia » (Mannheim, 1929) and « Hope » (Bloch, 1976), this study seeks to shed light on the dynamics through which individuals and groups from this municipality imagine their future and try to articulate these representations in their everyday lives. The interest of such an approach is both to enrich the local context’s knowledge with new theoretical considerations, and to create links and bridges between « irreconcilable » political postures within a complex context such as Chenalhó. Indeed, while the past and the present seem generally impacted by important disparities between some local groups, the future – sometimes – becomes a place invested by greater hopes for unity. These hopes are consistent whithin a political and social context that sees the consequences of the Mexican government’s low-intensity warfare a little bit more every day. Keywords : Anthropology and Sociology of future, Anthropology of hope, Utopia, Zapatismo, Indigenous resistance, Low intensity warfare, Local’s divisions, San Pedro Chenalhó, Chiapas, Mexico.
La presente investigación analiza las evoluciones y transformaciones actuales y futuras del contexto insurreccional en Chiapas, específicamente en el Municipio de San Pedro Chenalhó. Casi veinticinco años después del levantamiento zapatista – y aunque el movimiento no tiene nada que probar en cuanto a su capacidad de monopolizar los imaginarios de los movimientos sociales en cualquier parte del mundo –, las dificultades económicas, políticas y sociales que afectan todos los grupos de la resistencia en la región han aumentado considerablemente. Esto ha llevado al abandono del proyecto revolucionario para unos, a las divisiones y a las oposiciones para otros, pues las redefiniciones políticas locales también han sido numerosas en estos últimos años. Este estudio se centra en los principios de « la utopía » (Mannheim, 1929) y de « la esperanza » (Bloch, 1976), con la pretensión de entender las dinámicas por las cuales los individuos y los grupos del Municipio de Chenalhó imaginan su futuro y tratan de articular las representaciones de este en sus propias vidas de manera cotidiana. El objetivo es comprender los impactos y las consecuencias de las representaciones del futuro en la realización de este mismo futuro. El interés de tal enfoque es doble : por una parte permite enriquecer la comprensión del contexto local a partir de nuevas consideraciones teóricas y, por otra parte, permite crear eslabones y puentes entre las posturas políticas "irreconciliables" dentro de un contexto tan complejo como el de Chenalhó. Así, allá donde el pasado y el presente parecen generalmente cruzados por importantes divisiones dificiles de superar entre los grupos locales, el futuro se convierte a veces en un espacio en el que se invierten numerosas esperanzas para la unidad. Estas esperanzas son consecuentes en un contexto político y social que cada día refuerza un poco más las consecuencias de la guerra de baja intensidad del gobierno mexicano. Palabras Claves : Antropología y sociología del futuro, Antropología de la esperanza, Utopía, Zapatismo, Resistencia indígena, Guerra de baja intensidad, Divisiones comunitarias, San Pedro Chenalhó, Chiapas, México.
Götze, Susanne. "Die Neue französische Linke von 1958- 1968 : Engagement, Kritik, Utopie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0381.
Full textThis work examines the political tendencies of the "Nouvelle Gauche" in France in the period 1960-1968, which have developed (or : constituted themselves) beyond the established party structures and conventional (or better: traditional?) socialist paradigms since the end of the 1950s. Based on the concept of the "Social Field" developed by Pierre Bourdieu, the interactions between the new party structures (Parti Socialiste Unifié), intellectuals clubs, magazines (classic Nouvelle Gauche) as well as cultural movements shall be studied from the viewpoint of developing alternative approaches for the society. These different actors have in common that they developed before the riots of 1968 new theoretical approaches to the subject of work, "democratic socialism", direct democracy, colonial policy, self-government (or better: self-administration?), the public and the relationship between art and politics. The intellectual, artistic and political movements of the "new left" opposed the logic of "camps mentality” of the Cold War and developed their own political programs of a "Third Way" beyond the Marxist dogmatism and the "discredited" reformist social democracy in the Western industrialized countries.This work combines policy- and cultural-historical problems, which are handled by methods of the critique of ideology as well as discourse analysis, and starts with the foundation of the Parti Socialiste unifié (PSU) in 1960, that acted as "the amalgam of the discarded" and as "new left". 18 months before, the party Socialiste Autonome (PSA) was founded, whose followers had broken away from the socialist SFIO and are placed now in the political landscape of France between SFIO and PCF.Usually, the focus of previous studies has been and is still the history of parties in the context of international and domestic political events (war in Algeria, appeasement in the era of Khrushchev, transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Republic, rebellions in Eastern Europe against the Soviet domination). In contrast, this work shall on the one hand deal with the political, extra-parliamentary, intellectual and artistic field of the "Nouvelle Gauche" under programmatic and intellectual historical point of view, and on the other hand work out biographical and social interdependencies. The question which discourses and debates about a "Third Way" or a "democratic socialism" were held – in contrast to the Soviet model and Western social democratic or socialist concepts – is prepended this investigation. The question is risen for which reasons intellectuals, artists as well as politicians seceded from the dogmatic course of the KPF, joined undogmatic, new ways of thinking and started to develop "Third Ways" between the existing fronts of the Cold War. With respect to this background, new answers are expected to the problem how the outlined "Undogmatic" or "New Left" has been impulse and "theoretical incubator" (bin mir nicht sicher, ob das im englischen geht) for the rebellions in May 1968
Hurteau, Philippe. "Coopération, utopie et liberté politique : étude sur le socialisme du premier 19e siècle français." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37499.
Full textShirase, Sayuri. "Le concept d'administration dans le système industriel : étude sur la pensée de Henri Saint-Simon." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2018.
Full textAiming to reorganize society following the French Revolution, Henri Saint-Simon (1760-1825) conceived a new social system, named the “industrial system,” which was based on the concept of “industrial administration.” In 1818, he began emphasizing the necessity of administrative reform because the administration governed by aristocrats and the military did not satisfy the interests of “industrials”, a class that primarily comprised all kinds of producers, scientists, and artists. This perception led him to envisage a public affair administration undertaken by the most competent industrials. If the State’s bureaucratique administration was refused, what would comprise the “industrial administration”? In an attempt to clarify the essence of this conception, we will also examine the evolution of Saint-Simon’s thought, which will include an examination of the shift from a liberal doctrine to a socialist one. Our two-part dissertation endeavors to overview his projects for the industrial system (Chapters 1 to 3) and analyze the concept of “administration,” as well as his proposals for administrative reform (Chapters 4 and 5). Our examinations reveal that in Saint-Simon’s writings, the term “administration” indicates a combination of industrial capacities united to achieve common utility and social happiness. Despite his meritocratic insistence on capacity, Saint-Simon does not pretend to establish new privileged classes based on ability. As society is based on the association between diverse industrials, ranging from simple workers to rich entrepreneurs, all are equal in their pursuit of a common goal, which is the general interest. The industrial system’s primary object is to give rise to egalitarian, horizontal, and peaceful relationships, which are contrary to the hierarchical, vertical, and warlike relationships established by the old social system
Marçot, Jean-Louis. "La belle utopie : la France, son avant-garde et l'Algérie (1830-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0401.
Full textFrench Algeria - that is to say the annexation of part of Africa and its Gallicization by means of massive settlings of european population -, is the result of a new colonial project. This project, for which the Egyptian Expedition under the directoire have paved the way, could not achieved without a social dimension that only the springing up socialism was able to give it. The thesis analyzes this contribution, reconstruct until 1848 the hizstory of this (first) socialism and its diverse components in the light of the "Algerian question" studied step by step
Soloninkina, Oxana. "Utopisme et réalisme dans la politique urbaine soviétique : le rôle de l'idéologie dans la construction de la ville socialiste en URSS de 1922 à 1953." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H081.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to extend the knowledge of socialist city phenomenon, to find li the basis of its existence with a view of better understanding of its genesis and modes of evolution. Based on history of ideas and theories that contributed significantly to a model of socialist city construction, we investigated diverse aspects of its changeable nature. Searching for possible explanations of a socialist city model crisis, we succeeded in proving its Utopian nature leaning on the main aspects of the socialist theory applied in the USSR. The period from 1922 to 1953 still remains a "blank spot" in Russian history and continues to provoke interest of experts worldwide because of revolutionary character of transformations happened in the USSR. The realization of socialist model caused the birth of a new country with completely reconstructed cities and homo sovieticus concept, justifying the contradictory nature of the Utopia carried out in a single country
Ascarate, Coronel Luz Maria. "Psyché ranimée. Imagination et émancipation dans la philosophie de Paul Ricœur." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0063.
Full textWe identify the contribution of Ricoeur's phenomenological anthropology to social philosophy, from the dual perspective of imagination and emancipation, in order to respond to the challenges of the time of the crisis of meaning, a crisis that manifests itself as a loss of foundations. With regard to Ricoeur's analyses of imagination, many of which are still unpublished, we think as follows: the Paul Ricoeur's phenomenology of fiction contributes to think the subject's experience as the foundation of the social imagination from a constitutive point of view. In this way, we understand Ricoeur's phenomenological anthropology as oriented towards an emancipation project.We are convinced that this Ricoeurian philosophy, developed specifically in the 1970s, can respond to the problems that the crisis of meaning imposes, first on the task of founding philosophy and then on the social world. It is no coincidence that Ricoeur devoted a series of lectures at that time to the social imagination, published under the famous title of Lectures on Ideology and Utopia, at the same time as his Lectures on Imagination. These that remain unpublished develop its phenomenology of fiction as a general philosophy that proposes an ontology of the possible.Our thesis is that this ontology would make it possible to give foundations to the social of an entirely sui generis character, different from those of political philosophy. The latter is accused, in particular, by social philosophy, of not sufficiently reflecting the constitutive or ontological dimension of the social world, in which there are more profound issues than those raised by the criticism of the domination envisaged by political philosophy
Bohm, Sigur. "Utopie sociale et esthétique d'opposition en RDA : de la tradition de l'exil à la pensée dissidente (1933-1989)." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040006.
Full textIn east Germany, the breakdown of the socialist utopia in 1989 and the question of German unity since then are studied from the viewpoint of the history of ideas and of the "aesthetics of opposition" in the GDR. To this end, attention is focused on how, from 1933 to 1945, German opponents of nazism who had emigrated to the united states responded to the "crisis of reason". Special attention is paid, on the one hand, to Anna Seghers, Ernst Bloch, Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger and, on the other, to Hannah Arendt and Hans Sahl. Although these two groups of emigrants stood together in their opposition to nazis, they were divided over stalinism. Their differences of opinion considerably affected cultural life on both east and West Germany. In the east, dissident thought followed up on these differences but within the framework of the crisis of bolshevism (notedly with respect to major critical events in 1919, 1933, 1953, 1961 and 1989). The democratization of East German society, especially at the start of the pacific revolution, exposed the paradoxes of marxist thought and revealed the relevance of the ideas of Leszek Kolakowski, a polish dissident. Within the utopia that had become a labyrinth, the Stasi incarnated the split personality of East German society. This was a major factor in the metamorphosis that changed the socialist hope into a tragedy
Chaïbi, Olivier. "Un pionnier de l'économie sociale : vie et oeuvres de Jules Lechevalier Saint-André (1806-1862) : des socialismes "utopiques" aux modèles coopératifs : [thèse de doctorat d'histoire sous la direction de M. Jacques Marseille] /." [S. l.] : O. Chaïbi, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41441067n.
Full textRésumés en français et en anglais. En annexes : bibliogr. des oeuvres de J. Lechevalier Saint-André suivie des sources consultées. Bibliogr. p. 394-401. Index.
Abramson, Pierre-Luc. "Les utopies sociales en Amérique Latine au dix-neuvième siècle." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040027.
Full textThe main thesis of this doctoral dissertation is to show that the native bond between the new world and utopia was still alive throughout the 19th century, in Brazil and Hispanic America. Three historical realities lead us to state our thesis : the interest of utopian socialism theorists for America, the far-reaching impact of 1848 European revolutions in Latin America, the attempts to build new worlds in the new world in the form of utopian communities. Each of these points is dealt with in the three parts of this doctoral dissertation
Nardo, Flavia. "La "cubanía théâtrale" : la spécificité du théâtre cubain de 1959 à nos jours." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809641.
Full textGolven, Amélie. "La contribution de William Godwin au débat sur l'éducation des pauvres en Angleterre (1783-1831)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030137.
Full textIn England, at the end of the eighteenth century, the debate on the education of the poor gets stronger. Poverty is increasing and it is perceived as a threat to people’s safety. In that context, education appears as a means to regulate and solve the moral problems it triggers. William Godwin, a writer, a philosopher but also an educator takes part in the debate which articulates education, poverty and politics. The present research aims at carrying out a reading of William Godwin’s political and educationnal philosophy from the views he expressed, separately, on the issue of poverty.Though he never clearly mentioned that his educational and political thinking was also meant for the lower ranks of society, we believe that a coherent reading of his work can be performed if we suppose that his thinking was effectively destined for the poor. Defining Godwin’s contribution to the debate on education for all first implies to propose a description of the educational system in Godwin’s time. Then, an analysis of his educational plan that stands in total opposition to the education of his time has been suggested. Based on equality among men, their potential of progress and the developement of all human qualities, it intends to form independent human beings able to live harmoniously with other people. Eventually, educating means forming new men able to live in a new society. To Godwin, the new society is a place where people are educated and autonomous enough to get rid of the state. At the end of our study, it seems legitimate to assert that, in Godwin’s thinking, there is neither a society for rich people or a society for the poor, or an education for the rich and another one for the poor but rather an education and a society for everybody
Simeon, Ophelie. "De l’usine à l’utopie : New Lanark 1785-1825. : Histoire d’un village ouvrier « modèle »." Thesis, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20083.
Full textThis thesis examines the textile industrial village of New Lanark (Scotland). Founded in 1785 and now a World Heritage site, it is mostly renowned for its reputation as a « model » factory, thanks to its association with Robert Owen (1771-1858), himself considered the « Father of British socialism ». It argues that such myth-making must be studied in context in order to grasp both its scope and significance, submitting it to a deconstruction and reconstruction process. Firstly, the history of the industrial village will be studied in the context of the Industrial Revolution in order to understand the specificities of this type of settlement, namely its close links with so-called « paternalistic » management methods. Examining paternalist discourses also sheds light on the foundations and formation of Owen’s thought, as he used New Lanark as a testbed for an experiment in social reform. Secondly, the industrial village will be studied per se in order to confront its internal dynamics with the application of Owen’s policies. Thirdly, we will analyse how New Lanark was received in its day, as Owen launched a campaign for the promotion of his doctrine, which amounted to the birth of the first British socialist movement in the late 1820s. The pioneering status which both New Lanark and Owen have been awarded also need to be analysed in relation to the latter’s labelling as a « utopian socialist ». The making of this tradition can therefore be understood as a series of strategic processes whereby Owen has been integrated into the socialist canon despite his supposed eccentricities and thanks primarily to his enlightened management policies at New Lanark, thus establishing him as the founder of a distinctively British socialism owing nothing to Marxism