To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Societal Threat.
Books on the topic 'Societal Threat'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 books for your research on the topic 'Societal Threat.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
String, felt, thread: The hierarchy of art and craft in American art. University of Minnesota Press, 2009.
Find full text
2
Auther, Elissa. String, felt, thread: The hierarchy of art and craft in American art. University of Minnesota Press, 2009.
Find full text
3
Christie, Ryerson. The human security threat: Reading human security as the reproduction of state/civil society conflict. Canadian Consortium on Asia Pacific Security, 2006.
Find full text
4
Thread in the loom: Essays on African literature and culture. Africa World Press, 2002.
Find full text
5
Clarke, Tony. MAI round 2: New global and internal threats to Canadian sovereignty. Stoddart, 1998.
Find full text
6
Grizold, Anton. Svet na prelomu: Varnostne skupnosti kot odgovor na kompleksno ogrožanje sodobnega sveta = The world at breaking point : security communities as a response to the modern world's complex threats. Fakulteta za družbene vede, Založba FDV, 2015.
Find full text
8
Davies, Thom. Toxic truths: Environmental justice and citizen science in a post-truth age. Manchester University Press, 2020.
Find full text
9
Osetrov, Georgiy. Tactical and special training. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1082300.
Full textAbstract:
Presents the main components of tactical and special training. Considered tasks solved by forces and means of internal troops of the internal Affairs bodies and other territorial units with the threat of emergency situations and the establishment of a state of emergency for the protection of individuals, society and the state in terms of both the peaceful and military time.
 For the students trained on a speciality "Economic security".
10
Sobieraj, Sarah. Credible Threat. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190089283.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book argues that the rampant hate-filled attacks against women online are best understood as patterned resistance to women’s political voice and visibility. This abuse and harassment coalesces into an often-unrecognized form of gender inequality that constrains women’s use of digital public spaces, much as the pervasive threat of sexual intimidation and violence constrain women’s freedom and comfort in physical public spaces. What’s more, the abuse exacerbates inequality among women, those from racial, ethnic, religious, and/or other minority groups, are disproportionately targeted. Drawing on in-depth interviews with women who have been on the receiving end of digital hate, Credible Threat shows that the onslaught of epithets and stereotypes, rape threats, and unsolicited commentary about their physical appearance and sexual desirability come at great professional, personal, and psychological costs for the women targeted—and also with underexplored societal level costs that demand attention. When effective, identity-based attacks undermine women’s contributions to public discourse, create a climate of self-censorship, and at times, push women out of digital publics altogether. Given the uneven distribution of toxicity, those women whose voices are already most underrepresented (e.g., women in male-dominated fields, those from historically undervalued groups) are particularly at risk. In the end, identity-based attacks online erode civil liberties, diminish public discourse, limit the knowledge we have to inform policy and electoral decision making, and teach all women that activism and public service are unappealing, high-risk endeavors to be avoided.
11
Bradley-Geist, Jill C., and James M. Schmidtke. Immigrants in the Workplace. Edited by Adrienne J. Colella and Eden B. King. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199363643.013.12.
Full textAbstract:
Compared with women and racial/ethnic minorities, immigrants arguably have received less attention from organizational scholars of workplace diversity. Given increased rates of immigration worldwide and increasing societal scrutiny of immigration laws and policies, more research is needed to examine possible stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination faced by immigrants in the workplace. The current chapter reviews existing research related to immigrants specifically and diversity (e.g., contact hypothesis, mixed stereotype content model) more generally. The extant literature is organized using integrated threat theory as a framework to better understand potential precursors of discrimination against immigrants, including symbolic threats (e.g., perceived threats to the culture and language of “natives), realistic threats (e.g., perceived threats to jobs, perceived usage of tax dollars, perceived crime risk), and stereotyping (e.g. the ambivalent stereotypes of immigrants depending on their country of origin). The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research in this area.
12
Pynnöniemi, Katri, ed. Nexus of Patriotism and Militarism in Russia: A Quest for Internal Cohesion. Helsinki University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-9.
Full textAbstract:
This edited volume explores patriotism and the growing role of militarism in today’s Russia. During the last 20-year period, there has been a consistent effort in Russia to consolidate the nation and to foster a sense of unity and common purpose. To this end, Russian authorities have activated various channels, from educational programmes and youth organizations to media and popular culture. With the conflict in Ukraine, the manipulation of public sentiments – feeling of pride and perception of threat – has become more systemic. The traditional view of Russia being Other for Europe has been replaced with a narrative of enmity. The West is portrayed as a threat to Russia’s historical-cultural originality while Russia represents itself as a country encircled by enemies. On the other hand, these state-led projects mixing patriotism and militarism are perceived sceptically by the Russian society, especially the younger generations. This volume provides new insights into the evolution of enemy images in Russia and the ways in which societal actors perceive official projections of patriotism and militarism in the Russian society. The contributors of the volume include several experts on Russian studies, contemporary history, political science, sociology, and media studies.
13
Hochschild, Jennifer. Genomic Politics. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197550731.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Genomic science is moving out of the laboratory and into societal uses: gene therapy for terrible diseases, evidence determining guilt or innocence in a courtroom, exploration of one’s racial and ethnic ancestry, prenatal testing, and much more. Genomics promises great benefits. It also entails great risks: surveillance, a revival of eugenics, the threat of bioterrorism, and the distortions brought about by understanding life as mechanically determined rather than freely chosen.
14
Barash, David P. Threats. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190055295.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book studies situations in which individuals threaten each other or feel threatened by society, and often respond in ways that threaten social stability in turn. Animals also engage in all sorts of threats, an understanding of which opens one's eyes to the world of animal behavior otherwise hidden, while also revealing the strange and important question of honest versus dishonest communication. The dynamic of threat-and-response gives insight into such human dilemmas as the fear of death and how this has been manipulated by many organized religions; how fear of strangers and supposed enemies has given rise to an American gun culture that in turn threatens those seeking to avoid such threats; how nativist fears of “the other” has promoted right-wing nationalist populism, which has been making things worse not only for democracy itself, but also for those who feel threatened in the first place; and how capital punishment—intended to contain the threat of murderous criminals—has made this problem worse. Most important and worrisome is how countries convey the ultimate threat against each other: deterrence. Brandishing the threat of mutual annihilation in the expectation that this will keep a country safe is, paradoxically, the ultimate example of a posture that endangers threatener and threatened alike.
15
McCabe, Ciarán. Begging, Charity and Religion in Pre-Famine Ireland. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786941572.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Beggars and begging were ubiquitous features of pre-Famine Irish society, yet have gone largely unexamined by historians. Begging, Charity and Religion in Pre-Famine Ireland explores at length for the first time the complex cultures of mendicancy, as well as how wider societal perceptions of and responses to begging were framed by social class, gender and religion. The study breaks new ground in exploring the challenges inherent in defining and measuring begging and alms-giving in pre-Famine Ireland, as well as the disparate ways in which mendicants were perceived by contemporaries. A discussion of the evolving role of parish vestries in the life of pre-Famine communities facilitates an examination of corporate responses to beggary, while a comprehensive analysis of the mendicity society movement, which flourished throughout Ireland in the three decades following 1815, highlights the significance of charitable societies and associational culture in responding to the perceived threat of mendicancy. The instance of the mendicity societies illustrates the extent to which Irish commentators and social reformers were influenced by prevailing theories and practices in the transatlantic world regarding the management of the poor and deviant. Drawing on a wide range of sources previously unused for the study of poverty and welfare, this book makes an important contribution to modern Irish social and ecclesiastical history.
16
Menz, Georg. Labour Markets and their Regulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199579983.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This first empirical chapter provides an in-depth analysis of changes to the models of industrial relations in six countries, considering general patterns of change, their sources, and their precise impact. A general trend towards liberalization plays out differently depending on power resources, institutional constellations, and historical trajectory. Societal trends, including increasing female and ethnic minority labour market participation and increases in atypical forms of employment, present challenges for trade unions. Employer associations are losing members, but can wield the powerful threat of outsourcing abroad. Finally a tour d’horizon of education and training systems establishes how they link into the structure of labour markets.
17
Rich Dorman, Sara. Understanding Zimbabwe. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190634889.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book seeks to understand the state, nation and political identities that are being forged in modern Zimbabwe, and the nature of control that Robert Mugabe’s ZANU exercises over those political institutions. Focusing on the perspective and experiences of societal groups including NGOs, churches, trade unions, students and academics the book explores how the construction of consent, threat of coercion and material resources are used to integrate social groups into the ruling nationalist coalition, but also how they resist and frame competing discourses and institutions. Taking seriously the discursive and institutional legacies of the nationalist struggle and the liberation war in shaping politics, it explores how independent Zimbabwe’s politics were molded by discursive claims to foster national unity that delegitimize autonomous political action outside the ruling party. Building a new societal coalition entailed the "demobilization" of ZANU(PF)’s original nationalist constituency which had backed it during the liberation war, and the "inclusion" of new groups including donors, white farmers and business interests. It also shows how legal practices and institution-building defused and constrained opportunities for contestation, even while the regime used the security forces to suppress those who challenged its political monopoly or who otherwise resisted incorporation. It thus presents a complex picture of how individuals and groups became bound up in the project of state- and nation-building, despite contesting or even rejecting aspects of it.
18
Balkelis, Tomas. Epilogue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199668021.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
The epilogue is devoted to the long-term legacy of the post-World War I conflict in Lithuania. The war greatly contributed to the emergence and dissemination of a national and civic identity among Lithuanians. The national movement of patriotic intelligentsia that emerged in the late nineteenth century managed to transform itself into a mass movement during the turbulent period of 1914–23. Yet, in Lithuania, coming to peace after the long-term violence was a complex process that continued through the whole interwar period. The country remained militarized, as its key institutions and major societal groups stayed prepared for the production of violence. The threat of war or a coup d’état remained a constant feature of interwar Lithuanian politics and the raison d’être of a large group of people who believed that their identity was defined by their military service for the nation.
19
Minkenberg, Michael. Religion and the Radical Right. Edited by Jens Rydgren. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.19.
Full textAbstract:
Religion is on the rise again in the West and specifically “secular” Europe, mostly due to the influx of new religions via migration, new political conflicts, and the growing (re)assertion of the Christian heritage among domestic actors. This chapter discusses the extent to which religions provide an ideological component of the radical right, what kind of religion is at play, and whether and how religion can be used to explain the radical right’s successes. It looks at religion in the development and organizational profile of major radical right actors, explores the relevance of religion in the far right, and places the radical right trajectory into a larger context of societal and political change. It concludes that religion functions as a relevant context factor and frame for political mobilization, even in secularized societies, against the perceived threat of rapid sociocultural change and its (alleged) agents and protagonists.
20
Stoiber, Edmund, and Bodo Hombach, eds. Das Corona-Brennglas. Tectum – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783828876750.
Full textAbstract:
The corona pandemic turned our everyday life upside down. The question is: Which long-time impacts of the the crisis will remain? This anthology looks at economic and societal consequences in Germany. The health crisis is accompanied by the threat of a economic collapse, the aftereffects with regard to borrowing are going to impose on future generations. Simultaneously the competences of the parliaments were transferred to the Federal and State Government, whereby the public and political discussion about the best solutions fell short. In which ways does the pandemic influence the formation of opinion in the paliament and in public? With contributions by Prof. Dr. Marie-Luisa Frick, Sigmar Gabriel, Serap Güler, Prof. Bodo Hombach, Prof. Dr. Rolf G. Heinze, Prof. Dr. Michael Hüther, Prof. Dr. Claudia Kemfert, Wolfgang Kubicki, Christian Kullmann, Prof. Dr. Philip Manow, Prof. Dr. Julian Nida-Rümelin, Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Reitzle, Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen Papier, Jens Spahn, Dr. Edmund Stoiber and Ronald Pofalla.
21
Tesón, Fernando R. Why Sovereignty (Still) Matters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190202903.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
To adequately strike a balance between internal and external threats, we must recognize both that intervention can help mitigate threats that come from within society and that intervention itself poses a threat. While intervention can provide protection against tyrants, warlords, and the like, it can also fail and make matters worse. This chapter argues why this threat balance is likely tilted toward a presumption against intervention. One part of this argument concerns the important role played by sovereignty judgments in international affairs. Another part involves the value of self-determination, which intervention can threaten.
23
(Editor), Robert Atkins, and Svetlana Mintcheva (Editor), eds. Censoring Culture: Contemporary Threats to Free Expression. New Press, 2006.
Find full text
24
Robert, Atkins, Mintcheva Svetlana, and National Coalition against Censorship (U.S.), eds. Censoring culture: Contemporary threats to free expression. New Press, 2006.
Find full text
25
Stewart, Larry. Philosophical threads: Natural philosophy and public experiment among the weavers of Spitalfields. 1995.
Find full text
26
(Editor), U. Gori, and I. Paparela (Editor), eds. Invisible Threats: Financial and Information Technology Crimes and National Security, Volume 10 NATO Security through Science Series: Human and Societal Dynamics (Nato Security Through Science). IOS Press, 2006.
Find full text
27
Quirk, Paul J., ed. The United States and Canada. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190870829.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This edited volume compares the political systems of the United States and Canada, focusing on the effects of political institutions, and their interaction with political values and other factors, in policymaking. It explores the differences between the American presidential (or separation-of-powers) system and the Canadian parliamentary system. It also considers institutional differences such as federalism, bureaucratic leadership, and judicial definitions of citizens’ rights. It deals mainly with the period from the mid-20th century to the present but also discusses recent developments—especially the Trump presidency. The first section addresses political culture and institutions and considers political values, party and electoral systems, executive leadership and the legislative process, bureaucracy and civil service influence, and federalism. The second section addresses policymaking and outcomes, including economic policy, environmental policy, morality issues, social policy, managing diversity, and selected societal outcomes. The conclusion discusses prospects and challenges for both political systems and finds that policy differences between the two countries have diverse causes—from geography and demography, to political values, to institutional structures. The effects of institutions are often crucial, but they depend heavily on interactions with other political circumstances. Even modest, incremental change in the electoral strength or ideological tendencies of the political parties can transform institutional performance. Thus, Canada’s historic center-left moderation may be on the brink of giving way to wider ideological fluctuation and the U.S. political system was increasingly dysfunctional, even before the election of Donald Trump as president led to chaos in policymaking and the threat of severe constitutional crisis.
28
Patricia, Pongracz, Mazloomi Carolyn, Women of Colour Quilters Network, and American Bible Society Gallery, eds. Threads of faith: Recent works from the Women of Color Quilters Network. Gallery of the American Bible Society, 2004.
Find full text
29
Osundare, Niyi. Thread in the Loom: Essays on African Literature and Culture. Africa World Pr, 2003.
Find full text
30
Koesel, Karrie, Valerie Bunce, and Jessica Weiss, eds. Citizens and the State in Authoritarian Regimes. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190093488.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This volume compares the two most powerful authoritarian states in global politics today: Russia and China. For all their power and money, both regimes have faced difficult trade-offs in seeking both political stability and reliable information about society while confronting the West and its international influence. They have also made different choices: Russia today is a competitive authoritarian regime, while China is a non-competitive authoritarian regime. Despite the different paths taken after the tumultuous events of 1989, both regimes have returned to a more personalized form of authoritarian rule. By placing China and Russia side by side, this volume examines regime-society relations and produces new insights, including what strategies their rulers have used to stay in power while forging political stability and gathering information; how societal groups have resisted, complied with, or responded to these strategies; and what costs and benefits, both anticipated and unexpected, have accompanied the bargains political leaders and their societies have struck. The essays in this volume change the way we understand authoritarian politics and expand the terrain of how we analyze regime-society relations in authoritarian states. On the societal side, this book looks not just at society as a whole but also at the specific roles of public opinion, labor politics, political socialization, political protests, media politics, environmental movements, and nongovernmental organizations. On the regime side, this study is distinctive in examining not just domestic threats and the general strategies rulers deploy in order to manage them but also international threats and the rationale behind and impact of new laws and new policies, both domestic and international.
31
Team of authors, MIET. Global Threats to the Development of Civilization in the 21st Century. VII Cartesian readings. Part 2. National Research University "Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/0966-0-2021-2-7-152.
Full textAbstract:
The materials of the conference reflect the results of applied and creative research of the scientific and educational community in the fields of philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, physical-mathematical and natural science knowledge. The aim of the conference is to identify and consider clusters of global threats in the systems of nature, society, and man. The author's team is represented by recognized scientists and young researchers from Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Germany.
32
Team of authors, MIET. Global Threats to the Development of Civilization in the 21st Century. VII Cartesian readings. Part 1. National Research University "Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/0965-3-2021-1-7-188.
Full textAbstract:
The materials of the conference reflect the results of applied and creative research of the scientific and educational community in the fields of philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, physical-mathematical and natural science knowledge. The aim of the conference is to identify and consider clusters of global threats in the systems of nature, society, and man. The author's team is represented by recognized scientists and young researchers from Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Germany.
33
Team of authors, MIET. Global Threats to the Development of Civilization in the 21st Century. VII Cartesian readings. Part 3. National Research University "Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/0967-7-2021-3-7-152.
Full textAbstract:
The materials of the conference reflect the results of applied and creative research of the scientific and educational community in the fields of philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, physical-mathematical and natural science knowledge. The aim of the conference is to identify and consider clusters of global threats in the systems of nature, society, and man. The author's team is represented by recognized scientists and young researchers from Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Germany.
34
Wall, David S. Crime, Security, and Information Communication Technologies. Edited by Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.65.
Full textAbstract:
Networked digital technologies have transformed crime to a point that ‘cybercrime’ is here to stay. In the future, society will be forced to respond to a broad variety of networked crimes that will increase both the complexity of crime investigation and prevention, whilst also deepening the regulative challenges. As cybercrime has become an inescapable feature of the Internet landscape, constructive management and system development to mitigate cybercrime threats and harms are imperatives. This chapter explores the changing cybersecurity threat landscape and its implications for regulation and policing. It considers how networked and digital technologies have affected society and crime; it identifies how the cybersecurity threat and crime landscape have changed and considers how digital technologies affect our ability to regulate them. It also suggests how we might understand cybercrime before outlining both the technological developments that will drive future cybercrime and also the consequences of failing to respond to those changes.
35
Freilich, Charles D. The Military Response Today. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190602932.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 7 assesses Israel’s military responses to the primary threats it now faces. It argues that Israel has gained overwhelming conventional superiority, but that it is unclear whether it could have effectively attacked Iran’s nuclear program. Israel has reduced terrorism to a level its society can tolerate, but it remains a strategic threat, nevertheless. Israel does not yet appear to have an offensive response to the Hezbollah and Hamas threats, at an acceptable price, requiring greater emphasis on defense. Conversely, there have been over 10 years of quiet with Hezbollah, partly because of the deterrence gained in 2006. Israel’s rocket defenses largely neutralized the Hamas threat during the 2014 operation, and if a similar lull is gained with Hamas, limited deterrence will have been achieved. The real challenge is Hezbollah’s rocket arsenal. Israel has become a global leader in cybersecurity but is concerned that its adversaries will narrow the gap.
36
Williams, John. The International Society – World Society Distinction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.337.
Full textAbstract:
The English School, or society of states approach, is a threefold method for understanding how the world operates. According to English School logic, there are three distinct spheres at play in international politics, and two of these are international society and world society—the third being international system. On the one hand, international society (Hugo Grotius) is about the institutionalization of shared interest and identity amongst states, and rationalism puts the creation and maintenance of shared norms, rules, and institutions at the centre of international relations (IR) theory. This position has some parallels to regime theory, but is much deeper, having constitutive rather than merely instrumental implications. On the other hand, world society (Immanuel Kant) takes individuals, non-state organizations, and the global population as a whole as the focus of global societal identities and arrangements, and revolutionism puts transcendence of the state system at the centre of IR theory. Revolutionism is mostly about forms of universalist cosmopolitanism. This position has some parallels to transnationalism but carries a much more foundational link to normative political theory. International society has been the main focus of English School thinking, and the concept is quite well developed and relatively clear, whereas world society is the least well developed of the English School concepts and has not yet been clearly or systematically articulated.
37
Freilich, Charles D. Israeli National Security. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190602932.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book is the most comprehensive study to date of Israel’s national security. It combines an exhaustive analysis of the military, diplomatic, demographic, and societal challenges Israel faces, with the responses it has developed, to present a detailed proposal for an overall new national security strategy, the first such proposal ever published on Israel. The book argues that Israel’s national security strategy has been highly successful, that Israel can manage the major military threats that remain, and that delegitimization, the Palestinian issue, and demography are the greatest challenges Israel faces today. It thus proposes a more long-term approach, with greater emphasis on restraint, defense, and diplomacy, and in which resolving the Palestinian issue, ensuring Israel’s Jewish and democratic character, preventing Iran from going nuclear, maintaining the “special relationship” with the United States, and preserving the resolve of Israeli society are the primary objectives.
38
Kolstø, Pål, and Helge Blakkisrud. Introduction: Exploring Russian nationalisms. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474433853.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Russian societal nationalism comes in various guises, both ethnic and imperialist. Also Putin’s rhetoric is marked by the tensions between ethnic and state-focused, imperialist thinking. Noting the complex interplay of state nationalism and societal nationalism, this introductory chapter examines the mental framework within which Russian politicians were acting prior to the decision to annex Crimea. The chapter develops a typology of Russian nationalisms, surveys recent developments, and presents the three-part structure of this book: official nationalism, radical and other societal nationalisms, and identities/otherings. It concludes that after the annexation of Crimea, when the state took over the agenda of both ethnic and imperialist nationalists in Russia, societal nationalism finds itself at low ebb.
39
Marone, Eduardo, Ricardo de Camargo, and Julio Salcedo Castro. Coastal Hazards, Risks, and Marine Extreme Events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676889.013.34.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes the threat costal hazards pose to existing life in light of climate change and natural disaster. It includes an overview of flooding, extreme waves, and other water-related stressors. The article discusses how human-induced risks in the coastal zone, resulting from mismanaged urbanization, persistent pollution, and overexploitation of resources, exacerbate matters and pose extra pressure on the environment, science, and society. Ways of measurement and reaction to these events, as well as best practices for preparedness, are discussed. Businesses, individuals, and ecosystems are under threat of destruction from these circumstances. The article also emphasizes the need to make scientific work in this field accessible and understandable to society and decisión makers.
40
Marone, Eduardo, Ricardo de Camargo, and Julio Salcedo Castro. Coastal Hazards, Risks, and Marine Extreme Events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190699420.013.34.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes the threat costal hazards pose to existing life in light of climate change and natural disaster. It includes an overview of flooding, extreme waves, and other water-related stressors. The article discusses how human-induced risks in the coastal zone, resulting from mismanaged urbanization, persistent pollution, and overexploitation of resources, exacerbate matters and pose extra pressure on the environment, science, and society. Ways of measurement and reaction to these events, as well as best practices for preparedness, are discussed. Businesses, individuals, and ecosystems are under threat of destruction from these circumstances. The article also emphasizes the need to make scientific work in this field accessible and understandable to society and decisión makers.
41
Autora, Grupa. Psychology in the function of the well-being of the individual and society - BOOK OF ABSTRACTS. Filozofski fakultet Niš, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/awb.2021.
Full textAbstract:
As the guidelines of human attitudes and behavior, the values are extremely important for individuals and for the society. All major societal flaws (violence, war, aggression, criminal, delinquency, lawlessness, corruption, ecological devastation, terrorism, totalitarianism, exploitation, misery, poverty, hunger, starvation, ignorance, fanaticism and others) are result of behavior that is as odd with basic human values. Thus, a value-congruent behavior is a necessary condition for stable and successful society and the strengthening of value-aligned behavior is a planetary task. Psychological research convincingly demonstrated that the values represent and occupy a great field of attitudes and beliefs, one of the three great domains of the psychological trilogy (personality; attitudes, beliefs and values; cognitive abilities). In psychology, we need a clear and elaborated theoretical explanation of values. A comprehensive theoretical model of values (CTV) was therefore developed in last decades. It comprises all important aspects of the values: the structure, hierarchical organization, development, cross-cultural validity and differences, connections to other important psychological and behavioral domains and the role of values in our life. The knowledge of values is necessary, yet it is not enough in order to cope with all risks of individual and societal welfare. Another requirement is therefore crucial, namely the abovementioned alignment of values and behavior. Values that are not accomplished or realized in our behavior are useless. Thus, the research of value–behavior relations is extremely important in psychology. It is one of essential pillars in the scientific basis of a stable society and has therefore tremendous practical consequences. It also brings us closer to the perennial question connected with the role of values in our life: does the behavior that is aligned and congruent with values make us happier or not. Thus, the final part of my lecture will be focused on the empirical answers to that question. And, as research results are proving, the life and behavior which are congruent with the values factually correlate with the happiness and general wellbeing.
42
Aktor, Mikael. Social Classes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
The notions of class (varṇa) and caste (jāti) run through the Dharmaśāstra literature on all levels. They regulate marriage, economic transactions, work, punishment, penance, entitlement to rituals, identity markers like the sacred thread, and social interaction in general. Although this social structure was ideal in nature and not equally confirmed in other genres of ancient and medieval literature, it has nevertheless had an immense impact on Indian society. The chapter presents an overview of the system with its three privileged classes, the Brahmins, the Kṣatriyas, and the Vaiśyas, the fourth underprivileged class, the Śūdras, and, at the bottom of the society, the lowest so-called untouchable castes. It also discusses the understanding of human differences that lies at the center of the system and the possible economic and political motivations of the Brahmin authors of the texts.
43
Fraenkel, Ernst. The Sociology of the Dual State. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter presents a sociological analysis of the dual state by looking at the terms “community” and “society” and relating them to Germany under the National-Socialists. The chapter also considers the concept of politics in National-Socialist theory, which, it states, is defined by reference to “the enemy.” National-Socialist negation of all universally valid values and its suppression of all communities based upon such values, its negation of an order sanctioned by Natural Law, it is stated, may be said to be at least partially due to foreign threats; at the same time, it is necessary to recognize that the relaxation of the international threat was accompanied by an intensification of the war against internal disintegration. The chapter ends by looking at what the solution to the tensions in National-Socialist Germany might be at the time when this text was written. This is left open. The solution, it states, depends on the people.
44
Radnitz, Scott. Revealing Schemes. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197573532.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Conspiracy theories have come to play an increasingly prominent role in political systems around the world. In Revealing Schemes, Scott Radnitz moves beyond psychological explanations for why people believe conspiracy theories to explore the politics surrounding them, placing two questions at the center of his account: What leads regimes to promote conspiracy claims? And what effects do those claims have on politics and society? Focusing on the former Soviet Union—a region of the world where such theories have long thrived—he shows that incumbent politicians tend to make conspiracy claims to demonstrate their knowledge and authority at moments of uncertainty and threat. They emerge more often where there is serious political competition rather than unbridled autocracy and in response to events that challenge a regime’s ability to rule. Yet conspiracy theories can also be habit-forming and persist as part of an official narrative even where immediate threats have subsided—a strategy intended to strengthen regimes, but that may inadvertently undermine them.
45
Kruglanski, Arie W., Jocelyn J. Bélanger, and Rohan Gunaratna. The Three Pillars of Radicalization. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book identifies the three major determinants of radicalization that progresses into violent extremism, the three Ns of radicalization. The first determinant is the need: Individuals’ universal desire for personal significance. The second determinant is the narrative. Because significance is conferred by members of one’s group, the group’s narrative guides members in their quest for significance. The third determinant is the network: membership of one’s group who validate the narrative and who dispense rewards (respect and veneration) to members who implement it. The quest for significance is activated in one of three major ways: (a) through a loss of significance occasioned by personal failure or affront to one’s social identity (e.g., ethnicity, religion, race), (b) through a threat of significance loss if one failed to respond to a challenge or to defend one’s group values, and/or (c) through an opportunity for a significance gain (e.g., becoming a hero or a martyr) by selflessly defending one’s group values. In groups that see their values (e.g., religion, sovereignty, culture) under threat from some (real or imagined) actor, the narrative often justifies violence against the detractor and portrays it as a supreme road to significance. Especially where violence is contrary to the norms of the mainstream society, validation of the violence–significance link by the local network is particularly important. The present 3N model of radicalization and the varied empirical evidence that supports it are leveraged to interpret prior theories of radicalization and to address major issues in the domains of deradicalization and recidivism.
46
Herring, Ronald J., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Food, Politics, and Society. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book explores the complex interrelationships between food and agriculture, politics, and society. More specifically, it considers the political aspects of three basic economic questions: what is to be produced? how is it to be produced? how it is to be distributed? It also outlines three unifying themes running through the politics of answering these societal questions with regard to food, namely: ecology, technology and property. Furthermore, the book examines the tendency to address the new organization of global civil society around food, its production, distribution, and consequences for the least powerful within the context of the North-South divide; the problems of malnutrition as opposed to poverty, food insecurity, and food shortages, as well as the widespread undernutrition in developing countries; and how biotechnology can be used to ensure a sustainable human future by addressing global problems such as human population growth, pollution, climate change, and limited access to clean water and other basic food production resources. The influence of science and politics on the framing of modern agricultural technologies is also discussed, along with the worsening food crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa, food security and food safety, and the relationship between gender inequality and food security. Other chapters deal with the link between land and food and its implications for social justice; the "eco-shopping” perspective; the transformation of the agrifood industry in developing countries; the role of wild foods in food security; agroecological intensification of smallholder production systems; and the ethics of food production and consumption.
47
Vossen, Bas van der. A Presumption Against Intervention. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190202903.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
This introductory chapter offers an outline of the argument I develop in this part of the book. It identifies the morality of intervention as something that should strike a balance between two kinds of threats to people’s rights and safety: threats from within and threats from without a society. Striking this balance, I argue, means accepting a presumption against intervention. Finally, this presumption is contrasted with its main rival, the interventionist view defended by Tesón and others.
48
True, Jacqui. Anarchy and Patriarchy in World Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779605.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
This essay considers anarchy in light of the dynamics of patriarchy in world politics. Western and non-Western patriarchal structures shape and constrain what states are, what they do, and how. They have played a crucial role in the constitution of state identities, diplomatic practices, and the maintenance, transformation, and expansion of the society of states. The unravelling of patriarchal structures in many parts of the world has implications for international society and the quest for order and justice. The increasing breakdown of patriarchal social contacts is fuelling gendered violence at all levels, including the explicit targeting of women and girls in intra-state and international conflicts. This violence is at once an embodiment of, and a threat to, sovereign statehood. If patriarchal society once consolidated the anarchical society in Europe, then it now also challenges that society from within and without as well as the possibility of its expansion.
49
Brasileiro, Anaïs Eulalio. A cooperação jurídica internacional penal no terrorismo. Brazil Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-071-7.
Full textAbstract:
In today's chaotic world, global society is faced with the the ever present threat of terrorism. To a large extent, terrorist attacks succeed in reaching most States, provoking fear and inciting terror through violence and threats. As a result, States seek efficient means of protecting and combating terrorism, using individual and collective strategies. In this sense, despite the fact that Brazil does not usually suffer terrorist attacks, the country has foreseen in the Constitution of the Republic the total repudiation of terrorism and assumes practical positions that demonstrate this positioning, having created an antiterrorism law and ratified international conventions regarding its confrontation. At the international level, in the area of extraterritoriality and transnational crimes, international judicial cooperation stands out as an essential mechanism capable of responding to the obstacles offered by terrorism, offering an alternative for States to respond collectively. In the realm of international law, this study defends the position that terrorism should be addressed with more flexibility than the guidelines the international judicial cooperation has agreed upon in other areas.
50
Schenk, Caress. Anti-migrant, but not nationalist: Pursuing statist legitimacy through immigration discourse and policy. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474433853.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
Despite increasingly securitized anti-migrant policies in Russia, President Vladimir Putin has been extremely cautious in his rhetoric about international migrants, avoiding overtly ethno-nationalist frames. By repeatedly emphasizing the role of migrants in development and their potential for integration, Putin has charted out a statist agenda, outlining how immigration can contribute to the state’s goals. This chapter analyses a series of Putin’s speeches, asking whether he employs the rhetoric of three common migration myths: ‘migrants take our jobs’; ‘migrants are culturally incompatible with the host society’; and ‘migrants represent a security threat’. While these myths are partially consistent with public opinion, they are not actively employed by the Kremlin. These findings temper the notion of an ‘ethnic turn’ in Russian politics and are especially surprising, given the current populist swing experienced throughout much of the Western world.