Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Société des amis du peuple'
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Dussol, Dominique. "La Société des amis des arts de Bordeaux (1851-1939)." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30009.
Full textWe have tried to situate the birth of the bordeaux salon within the local environment, to insert it in the wider trend of the "friends of arts" societies in france,and to give an account of its first attempts,rich in lessons though unsuccessful,during the french restoration. After those preliminaries, we investigated the administrative and institutional features of the salon, trying to grasp the individual characteristies of the organizers,collectors and buyers,in order to make out the common thought and habits of "friends of arts". Exhibitions,subscriptions lotteries were the bases upon which the organization of the society relied. Looking as though it copied the system of the paris salon,it could nervertheless assert its originality. Twenty seven thousand three hundred and ninety five artists exhibited more than forty nine thousand works in bordeaux. Turning over the pages of that large catalogue which offers thousands of names,mostly of unrecognised and forgotten artists,that huge handbook concerning more than a century,we can rediscover the genuine tastes of the period. There can be found the "true" painting of the nineteenth century,without any rectifying,almost exhaustive in its diversity and contradictions
Barclay, Robert Liens Georges. "La lumière intérieure, source de vie : apologie de la vraie théologie chrétienne telle qu'elle est professée et prêchée par ce peuple appelé par mépris les Quakers : 1675 /." Paris : Dervy, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355594336.
Full textBrand, Roger. "La société Wéménu, son dynamisme, son contrôle : approche ethno-sociologique d'une société du sud Bénin." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H027.
Full textThe ethno-sociological study took place in the Ouémé valley, located in south east Benin. The population, whose rate of natural increase is 2,4%, is established in villages bordering on the Ouémé river and in villages bordering on the plateau of Sakete; the southernmost villages live by a lacustrine economy whereas the others have a mixed economy. The history of the wemenu is linked with the migrations of multifamilial groups belonging to the yoruba, aizo, adja-fon and tofinu. The adja-fon imposed their language, their gods, vodun, and refusal to be governed by a centralizing authority. These various groups never formed a homogeneous political unity; however, they created an original society, the wemenu society, where the chiefs of lineage, vodun cults and secret societies compete with one another for influence. Equality between individuals is recognized by the wemenu and is expressed in their submission to prohibitions their choice of sexual partner, the choice of a means of livelihood. All the young people of both sexes, the non-initiated as wells as the initiated into vodun cult, have learned to distinguish between the sexual activities aimed at erotic pleasure and those aimed at procreation. The eroticization of sexuality is a particular phenomenon of the socialization of the individual: such as the elongation of the clitoris and the labia minora for the girls. . .
Sulauze, François de. "Les usages linguistiques des aborigènes 'amis de Taiwan vivant en milieu urbain." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10057.
Full textArozarena, Pierre. "Moos'Yuumba, une société africaine : ses "Yuumba" et leurs instruments de musique." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070028.
Full textJin, Byung-Un. "Unité du peuple et son état." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010513.
Full textThe current world where we are living, is the final outcome of an universal process of construction. It reveals, like all kinds of construction, its plan with universal readability, and its authhor. An universal architectonics like this began to appear in the classical greece, and so we can actually read it through the plastic art which use the perspective and mathematical proportions, as well as in the speech which proves the pure regular form of language. All these cultural phenomenon bear the mark of athenian democracy. This one was also the birthplace of philosophie and theories of state. All these ideal and theoretic constructions suppose and imply that the human individual should have self-consciousness as a subjectivity which does not lose itself in the substance but asserts itself as a substantial value. However, the Greek foundation of western civilisation cannot be sufficient, because the greek mind cannot base her ideal construction on the absolutly free subjectivity. The author of the western civilisation will be the greek converted to christianity, that is, the infinite free personality. The present world is not an "être-là" but l'existence built by the free subject according to rational project
Mulinda, Habi Buganza. "La société Woyo: structures sociales et religieuses." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213537.
Full textVita, Mbala Lussunzi. "La société Kongo face à la colonisation portugaise, 1885-1961 : un peuple en mouvement et une société en mutation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20100.
Full textPolitical unity and territorial kingdom Kongo ended with the arrival of Europeans among Bakongo. In effect, started by the Portuguese from 1482 and relayed by other Europeans among which the Dutch, the Spanish, the Italian, the French and English, the European presence in the kingdom Kongo had two important impacts : the slave trade and evangelization of peoples. The consequences of these two phenomenons were not only the end of the power of State organized on a large space, but also new influences, and even ruptures, sociocultural among all peoples Bakongo.At the time of systematic occupation of Africa by the European colonial powers, the area of the Territory Kongo fell mainly under the domination french, belgian and Portuguese.This thesis deals with the shock colonial of society Kongo facing occupation portuguese, mass emigration of populations of the north of Angola to the Belgian Congo and the consequences sociocultural which resulted. As to the question methodological and to that of the use of historical data, it was stressed the importance of oral sources that allow another approach of the past which, in turn, makes emerge the concepts of "history in Africa" and "History of Africa". Without sacrificing the scientific rigor, this thesis has privileged the vision of the history of Africa in which the African ceases to be considered as a simple object of the history to become a subject of history
Saes, Laurent Azevedo Marques de. "A société des Amis des Noirs e o movimento antiescravista sob a Revolução Francesa (1788-1802)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-18112013-131607/.
Full textAt the end of the 18th century, France\'s economic power relied foremost on trade with its colonies. Thanks to the sugar and coffee produced in Saint-Domingue, the \"pearl of the Antilles\", French colonial commerce reached its peak at the very moment the country was moving toward a violent process of radical institutional transformation. At the same time, it was a moment of interrogations about the administration of colonies whose slave population was in continuous increase. In this context, in 1788, the first French antislavery organization was created, the Society of the Friends of the Blacks. Under the leadership of some of the key-characters of the revolutionary period, like 7 Brissot, Clavière, Mirabeau, La Fayette and Condorcet, this society of nobles, intellectuals and financiers endeavored to bring the issue of slave trade to the political debate that marked the French Revolution. We intend, with this study, to retrace the activities of those men, whose moderation of principles was in contrast with the turn of events that marked the colonial space, with the slave insurrection of August 1791, in Saint-Domingue. We hope that, by approaching the limits of the antislavery program of the late-18th century and of the colonial policies of the revolutionary assemblies, this study might offer teachings on the limits of the Revolution itself.
Lo, Su-mei. "Distinction de sexe et organisation sociale chez les 'Amis de'Tolan (Taiwan Est) : les relations frère-soeur et homme-femme dans le cycle annuel." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0213.
Full textIn this thesis, the author analyzes the annual cycle of the 'Amis of 'Tolan, an Austronesian speaking people on the east coast of Taiwan. The culture of the millet (Setaria italica Beauv. ) commands the calendar of seasonal rituals of the whole year with which the rituals of human life cycle are cooperated or separated. The human beings are therefor conceptualized as maintaining an interdependance relationshipwith their agriculture. We try to explore the question of how this interdependance is formed and to understand the notions of life, of time and the cosmology in the social system. The first part of this work is concentrated on the construction of the social relations within the house and the life cycle rituals. The second part deals with the annual rituals in which the brother-sister relation and the man-woman relation are at the center of the discussion
Petit, Véronique. "Migrations et société Dogon." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H023.
Full textThis research was conduct between 1990 and 1993, in dogon country in Mali (west Africa). We collect socio-demographic data (census of 21370 persons and 1082 questionnaries with men and women). The dogon society have still keep strong traditions, religious rites for example, however colonization, modernization, and return migrants introduced social and cultural change during these last decades. Climat and physical conditions are very hard. Space for culture is insuffisant for supply food for everyone, so a part of men had decided to go and look for a work in town. This society is strongly hierarchized, by age groups and gender divisions. Young men and women are dominated by the eldest men. Historically, dogon moved in the 14th century from mande to their actual place of life, te cliffs of bandiagara. This first migration had becoming a mythology, and had created their identity. Migrations and movements are connected with a feeling of belong to the cliff. We construct a typology of the migrations. These migrations could be international towards West Africa (mainly ivory coast, Ghana) or internal in Mali. And in this last case, people could choice to go the plain or to the urban areas in Mali. The Malian capital, Bamako is the first destination, and after the cities near the river Niger (mopti, segou). Migration could be explain by different causes : economic situation, social condition, changement of religion, climatic accident, etc. Migration is a way to understand the society, because migrations could be understanding by a inside position, and an external point a view
Cai, Hua. "Les Na : une société sans père ni mari." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100089.
Full textThis thesis concentrates on the kinship system of the Na, an ethnic minority living in south-west china. They are a group of hill farmers including about thirty thousand individuals. The matrilineage in this society is made up exclusively of blood relations and is the basic kinship and economic unit with which four elements are associated: collective property, a rule of transmission of absolutely matrilineal consanguinity, matrilocality and a purely consanguine kinship terminology. They sex life is carried out mainly by nocturnal visits to women by men. The model of their social organization and the mode fo their sex life present a striking contrast to present ethnographic knowledge and anthropological theories. As a society without marriage, the example of the Na shows that binary kinship (which equals consanguinity plus affinity) is neither logically nor historically universal. The limits of the "two dominant theories" of kinship, that of unifiliation groups and that of alliance by marriage are shown by this counter example which obliges us to reflect again upon the primary principle of kinship
Sun, Chun-Yen Corre Christian Rault Lucie. "La pensée sociale et la notion de tradition dans les activités musicales chez les Amei de Falangaw à Taïwan." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/SunThese.pdf.
Full textSun, Chun-Yen. "La pensée sociale et la notion de tradition dans les activités musicales chez les Amei de Falangaw à Taïwan." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/135533929#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textFor the musicians of Falangaw, the improvisation skill and the voice represent a personal signature, ie, a kind of identification. The organization and activities of a musical group are based on the relationship between the musicians. Often, the singers from different groups, generations ou villages do not have the same opinion on the musical "tradition". That's because the "tradition" is just a result of the construction of concept and will change with the social and political situation. It was found examples which show the differences between historical documents and the point of view of Amei of Falangaw today, they insist that their views maintain the "true tradition. " Through the examination on the New Year Ritual, we will study the hierarchy of the age-grade system, the relationship man and woman, to propose new interpretations concerning the link between music and social structure. The musical exchanges with external cultures reflect not only the taste of the Falangaw people, but also the construction of their national identity. The key to the polyphony in vocal music of Falangaw lies in the technique of improvisation. This technique makes the musical form unstable and opens a possibility of the change of style. Therefore, the musical system itself is dynamic. The musicians consciously seeking a musical style consistent with the "tradition", the actual practice, however, leads to the contrary
Makasso, Jean-Oscar. "La pratique du guérisseur pygmée face à la société moderne." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC112.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop an articulation between psychoanalysis and the practices of the Pigmy healer particularly referring to the Pygmy tribe in Cameroun known as Bakas (practicing among the community via invisible and supernatural powers) and to offer an analysis based on the hypothesis of the unconscious. Applying the usual psychoanalytical device we have come to observe that relying on the concepts of projection and repression, it is likely for the symptom to migrate without the patient being aware of it. It is therefore essential to establish a distinction between the psychopathological and the cultural in order to extract the eventual psychological alterations beyond the so called diagnosis or understanding of the healer. Shifting from the cultural to the psychoanalytical, we have discovered that once the symptom has been stripped of its cultural aspect we have been able to bring to light the universal aspect of the subjective independently from the cultural originality of the individuals familiar with rituals based on the sacred. From a clinical perspective this research enables us to approach the relation between the Pigmy culture and the hosting culture of these migrants. This is leading to a series of questioning concerning the treatment approach of the Pigmy patient particularly when confronted to the notion of transference
Khonde, Ngoma Di Mbumba Côme. "Boma capitale de l'état indépendant du Congo (1885-1908) : peuplement et aménagement : émergence d'une nouvelle société Yombe." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070059.
Full textThis thesis which lies within the framework of the history of African towns aims at relating the history of the foundation and the populating of the city of Boma during the period of the Independant State of Congo (ISC). This study emphasizes two dominating "indigenous" societies in the city of Boma : on the one hand, the Mbomas, first occupants of the site, who play the role of the merchants and on the other hand, the Yombes, people of the forest, whose agriculture is bountiful and who live in the north of Boma. After making Boma the capital city of the ISC, the Belgians developed it in conformity with colonial town-planning, thus dividing the town in two separate districts following the segregationist model : with an area for the Whites and an area for the Blacks. This resulted in the alienation of the natives' lands and obviously led to tensions between the different communities existing in the town. Besides, the discovery of the Mayombe, followed by its exploitation, created another power struggle between the Mbomas and the Yombes. .
Krop, Jérôme. "Les fondateurs de l’école du peuple : corps enseignant, institution scolaire et société urbaine (1870-1920)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040141.
Full textThe somewhat martial male figure of the teacher as a « black hussar » is closely linked to the idealised image of the republican school system of the 1880s. Nevertheless, the thorough analysis of a representative sample of 660 files concerning school teachers, both male and female, who started their careers in the « département de la Seine » between 1870 and 1886, shows a much more contrasted image of the teaching profession. Studying the evolution of schooling is a good means for historians to understand the modernisation of urban primary schools between 1870 and 1920. It highlights the way the institution tended to invest more on the education of high-performing students sometimes at the expense of younger and more struggling pupils. Despite the most commonly shared vision on public education, it appears that the relationships between parents and teachers were much more ambivalent. In becoming more and more autonomous, the school system acquired at that time the physiognomy it would retain in the following decades. This process is visible in the vanishing influence of both local and religious authorities as well as in the increasing primacy of teaching practices in the appraisal of the pedagogue's professional skills. Far from only being a consequence of the legislation of the 1880s, this process of greater autonomy is also the result of the teacher's claim for more independence in the early years of the 20th century
Cissé, Babacar. "La société lébu dans sa profondeur : sociale, culturelle, économique et politique." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080785.
Full textOur work study is developped as following : general history of the lebu, throw their journey in egypt, in the ghana empire, in mauritania and finally in senegal. The social organisation : the role of each of the members (men, women and children). Culture in lebu's society ; its representation in each domain is shown with precision. Religion in lebu's society and the way they used it for political aims by creating a ministery of justice. Political organisation : the philosophy of lebu s traditional politic and its practice under the colonialist rule and, later, in independant senegal. Contribution of the lebu in the economic development of senegal by their different occupations : fishing, agiculture, etc. . . Problem of lands and how comprehension (accord) is always maintained between lebu and both french and senegalease autorities during and after the colonisation. Finally, perspectives of the future. Here, we expose some organisations created by the lebu to assure their local promotion. The best
El, Fasskaoui Brahim. "Jbel Sarhro : mutations d'une société et de son environement géographique." Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN21016.
Full textBoarding the south atlasic depression and parallel to high-atlas in the Moroccan south east, the Jbel Sarho with the Jbel Ougnate constitute the continuity of the anti-atlas towards the north east. Therefore, it also an arid and desolate mountain. However, this mountain occupied by a longer and complex tribal group, the Ait Atta. If the largest part of this massif is human desert the bottom of the valise and the small alluvial terraces are defensibly populated. Everywhere man associate almost always the two rural economic forms : pastoral activity and intensify agriculture, as well as a variety of proportions which are never exclusive. It social life is organized around semi-nomads in the Sarho as it is called; its southern fallout is organized in a rosemary of farm-systems founded on water irrigation control. The social life is organized in the ksour and around the khettas. Even if the physical condition impose an identical way of life and a relative physical and organizational informality in all areas, the human factors have impose the functional diversity : the social history of the Moroccan south east is linked with the conquest of water and pastures. Each group when he settles down on the soil brings with him his values and logical space management. From this fact, the oasis an furrow presents a multitude of cases each oasis is a concern of particular organization
Padenou, Guy-Hermann. "Architecture, environnement et société : la cosmogonie des trois mondes des Tamberma au Togo." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20026.
Full textThis thesis deals with the complexity of relationship between architecture, environment and society, about the Tamberma people in Togo. It integrates a variety of indicators with respect to their culture, settlement, social and spatial organization, and also the particularities of the environment in which they progress. This work allows us to highlight the Tamberma's representation of the world, and analyse how that representation is adaptated on the architectural production. It leads us to identify the main elements of the social and spatial organization of the space and the time, to clarify what characterizes the people and the links he maintains up with its environment. Furthermore, this dynamic study of a society who has succeeded in preservating most of its cultural characteristics, allows us to demonstrate how that society integrates the change the "modern world"
Paul, Jean-Luc. "Fonctionnement et dynamique d'évolution de la société Luguru (Tanzanie) en période précoloniale." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081473.
Full textThe functionning and the evolution of the luguru society in pre-colonial times (1750-1900) are described and analysed from the transdisdplinary marxist economical anthropology standpoint. The research rests on the study of oral traditions recollected by the author, in the field, and critically interpretated through various but articulated disciplinary approaches : history, ecology, agronomy, demography, socio-economics and economical and political anthropology. During the eighteenth century, migration movements took place from the eastern region of the nyasa lake, resulting in the peopling of the uluguru mountains. A wide pionneer front, made of numerous agricultural domestic groups progressively moved towards an north-eastern direction. These domestic groups were organised following preferential marital ties between pairs of clans. Peopling movements are reconstitued, taking into account agro-ecological constraints and political caracteristics of these corporate groups. The functionning of the luguru social system during this pionneer phase is analysed. The specificity of the luguru matrilocal and matrilineal system is put forwards. Although, as in many pre-colonial patrilineal african social systems, the rational of the strategies of social reproduction rests on organic relation between generations, the luguru society shows original patterns related to the political and economical power that women hold. Not patriarcal neither matriarcal, it can be qualified as an "ambiarcal" since authority is equally shared by both sexes. At last, the influences of exogenous factors (slave trade and mfecane) during the late nineteenth century are sketched
Ouattara, Tiona Ferdinand. "Tradition orale, initiation et histoire : la société Senufo et sa conscience du passé." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010595.
Full textBased on oral and written sources, this thesis aims at favouring a better knowledge of the Senufo society. In fact, it shows a triple vision of the senufo world. In the first section, i have tackled the problems of generic terms and moral features attributed to the Senufo of Cote d'Ivoire. I have also analysed these external peoples' perception of the social structure and the initiatory institutions of the Senufo. In the second section, i have analysed the Senufo's concepts of history, the functioning of history in the Senufo society and the Senufo's perception of their historical personality. In the last section, I have tried to rebuild the history of the senufo on the basis of universal chronology. I have analysed the constitution process of the senufo historical personality, the questioning of their personality and finally the Senufo people's search for their lost identity. The general conclusion closes up on setting the limits of this work and opens other ways of research for the future
Peraldi-Mittelette, Pierre. "Les Touaregs d’Europe et leurs « amis » : diffusion et réception d’une cause saharienne mythifiée." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100125.
Full textThe thesis entitled The Tuaregs of Europe and their "friends": Diffusion and reception of a mythical Saharan cause, carried by Pierre Peraldi-Mittelette, analyzes the interactions between the Tuaregs living in Western Europe (notably in France, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland) and Europeans with whom they are connected. Ethnography carried out since 2013, as part of this doctorate, has allowed the observation of ways to (re) present to interlocutors who are not part of the Tuareg community. The analysis is thus centered in these interactions on the ways of defining oneself in order to understand how people in the diaspora can present themselves and what allows the communication to be formed with interlocutors of different origins. Based on an original ethnography of Tuaregs settled in Europe, it is not question of their identity per se, but their way of positioning themselves in Tuareg according to their interlocutors, in speeches, postures and attitudes. Through an ethnography of communication and a pragmatic analysis of the lexicon, semantics and postures and identificatory attributes, it was a question of what makes sense to oneself and what the meanings are shared, thus allowing a intercomprehension and the establishment of a recognizable and legitimate ethos to bring a Tuareg cause to Europe
Ivanoff, Jacques. "Moken : les naufragés de l'histoire : une société de nomades marins de l'archipel Mergui." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0033.
Full textThe moken nomadize in the mergui archipelago (s. W. Of thailand and burma). More hunters than fishers, living more on the shore than on the sea, they withstood islam and sedentarisation by means of their nomadic ideology and the identity codes of their oral tradition, always forgotten by the obsservers. The two first volumes "du mythe au quotidien", connect the analysis of the myths ans epics to the ethnographical descriptions. The study of the geographical and human surroundings is followed by analysis of the language, of the nomadism, the kindship, the religion, always present in the daily life and cement of the flotillas unity (feast of spirits poles). The moken know the rice cultivation but they get it by exchange with their sub-marine food-gatherers (shells, sea-slugs. . . ) oral literature texts are transcribed in phonetic alphabet (international) and translated in volume iii. In volume "annexes" are joined together : identification of plants, shells, fishes. . . , islands list, glossaries of daily language and ritual language, aspects of technology, diagrams of kiindship, translation of medecine-man rituals and bibliography
Bernard, Alain. "Impact de la riziculture et d'une opération de mise en place d'organisations paysannes sur la société Massa du Nord-Cameroun : une société segmentaire face au développement." Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR2005.
Full textFor more than thirty years, the massa population of northern cameroon has been benefiting by development plans to expand the rice growing, such as the one of the semry. The confrontation of two "civilizations", the first one, giving a greater place to technique and production, the second one based on tradition, divided into segements, led to the following deadlock: overproduction and strained social tensions together with a non mastered change in the traditional culture. Then, the reconciliation of these two ways of reasoning: the hydrofarming expert's and the massa farmer appeared to be essential. That is the reason why, from 1983 to 1986, the ccce (an economic cooperation fund) backed and carried out an experimentation on one of the semry's rice growing units. The four keys factors were: redistribution of land according to the customary settlements and lineages; making the farmers aware of their responsabilities towards the paddy growing and gathering; teaching them how to read and write as well as giving them a management training; inducing them to think about the community use of the income. The development of the farming structures takes little by little the place of the technical solutions of the semry
Doquet, Anne. "Les masques dogons sous le regard de L'Autre : fixité et changement dans une société ethnographiée." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21010.
Full textThe Dogon lives in Mali on the Bandiagara's plateau that is bordered with steep cliffs. Since Marcel Griaule fell in love with that country in 1931 while he looked at funeral's masked dances, the ethnological works about sangha have never stopped. They have attracted a lot of tourists lacking for exoticism, who see in this people and his rites an exceptional case of ancestral customs maintenance the first part of this work show how this picture has been progressively elaborated, and how the specialists have been inclined to look at masks searching only for a never modified illustration of founder, coherent and unchanging myths whose discovery fascinated them. Nevertheless in less invaded areas, the mask is revealed changing. The second part studies at the same time his ritual function and his relationships with the society in which a deliberately maintained surface order contains disruptions. As a disorder time allowing the integration of new elements, the masked dances reflect, accompany and favor the necessary change. They constitute a fundamental element of cultural identity and social harmony. Why do the dances in sangha lose this mobility? That is the object of the third part. It seems that the ethnologists have fixed in writing the mythical account improvised, in accordance with the custom, on a basic framework, according to the context and the audience. Furthermore it's obviously in Dogon's interest to show to the tourists the highly traditional rites that make them famous. Lastly young people in confusion faced with the rapid cultural transformation, search for their tradition into the ethnological works and hope to maintain their identity by repeating accurately the past gestures. If the masked dances became quite separate from the evolve reality, the heritage we want to protect would be vastly unnatural. And the foreigner's glance would have carried weight on this conversion of a lively tradition into a rigid folklore
Chendjou, Kouatcho Nganso Jean-Joseph. "Les Bamileke de l'Ouest Cameroun, pouvoirs, économie et société, 1850-1916 : la situation avant et après l'accentuation des influences européennes." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010616.
Full textOuld, Cheikh Abdel Wedoud. "Nomadisme, islam et pouvoir politique dans la société maure précoloniale : XIème siècle - XIXème siècle : essai sur quelques aspects du tribalisme." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H008.
Full textHolder, Gilles. "Le système politique Sama : parcours et relations d'une société guerrière dans la boucle du Niger : analyse comparative." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100009.
Full textBretteville, Dominique. "L'os et le souffle : le système social et cosmique d'une société kanak de Nouvelle-Calédonie : les Paimboas." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0099.
Full textMinko, Mve Bernardin. "La société gabonaise entre tradition et post-modernité : hétéroculture et dysculturation." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2003.
Full textStructures of welcome of co-residence, co-descendance and co- transcendance are henceforth recogniz d as workshops of apprenticeship of the socialization. This recognition being acquise, it remains a stage again more difficult for cross : the determination of approaches to realize a modernity that would be based on lived it Fang-Ntumu and would draw its force in their aspirations. It is this sense that has to be gauged the contribution of this book. .
Diaw, Diagne Aminata. "Interrelations entre les technologies numériques communicationnelles et les dynamiques culturelles dans la sphère privée de la société wolof." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0418.
Full textFor the African continent, the rise of digital information technologies raises a lot of hope, especially that of improving the economic conditions of a whole continent. This boom also attracts a lot of media and cognitive attention, including researchers in many disciplines. In such a general context, this thesis main concern is the communicative, anthropological and cultural scope of digital and analog interaction situations in wolof ethnic milieu in Senegal. For the author, it is meant to study how the Internet and the mobile phone, as socio-technical tools, have been able and can influence and modify through their uses, some forms of “wolofian” community cultural sociability. This thesis focuses mainly on the interrelations between digital communication technologies and sociocultural dynamics in the private sphere of Wolof society. The author has favored the study of the wolof ethnicity because of its predominance on the national territory. To build the field of research, the question of cultural categorizations is raised, by mention of some of the debates on the concept of ethnicity. The author opts for a multidisciplinary theoretical approach (how ICS can mobilize some of the contributions of microsociology, anthropology, social psychology in particular) and a methodological pluralism (comprehensive approach, corpus analysis and participatory approach) also marked by a posture of immersion of the researcher. The interrelations and tensions between “detraditionalization” and renewal of tradition (cultural, social, religious, etc.) are becoming more complex
Goedefroit, Sophie. "La société Sakalava du Menabe : approche anthropologique d'un ensemble régional de Madagascar." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010569.
Full textThe sakalava society of Menabe, the remains of an ancient kingdom, has not been spared from the deep upheavals which have weakened the foundations of the island of Madagascar since the begining of the century. This work is a study of one micro-region located in the heart of the central menabe. Firstly, the various stages in the changes of this society will be studied. Secondly, I will try to define the characteristics of the "logics" which exist in the organization of the socio-territorial groups. These "logics" give a particular structure to these groups. Relics of an ancient order and ideology or the resugence of past ways once superseded, reordered, adapted through a century ? This work, through the ethnographical microclimate and through the words of the locals, poses a number of questions concerning the regional particularism. I will then give a critical opinion on the recurrence of the social structures and the ideological forms that exist throughout Menabe. The comparison with the other societies of madagascar strengthens the relevance of the concept of a micro-region in madagascar
Ratrimoarivony-Rakotondrainibe, Mamy. "Relation entre la société et l'éducation avant la colonisation dans la province de l'Imérina à Madagascar." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H031.
Full textKala-Ngoma, Benjamin. "Les Beembe (Congo) : XVIIIe-XIXe siècles, esquisse des dynamiques d'intégration, de différenciation et d'individualisation d'une société lignagère." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010589.
Full textAt the end of the XVIIth century, the last Koongo clans of Ntotila integrated the beembe group in which they had been preceded by the teke, Laali, Koongo from Tuku and Koongo from Ntotila. This integration was easy since they all belonged to the same Nguunian cultural area. Thanks to the social links due to marriages, thanks to solidarity and to friendship and to economic exchanges, to a community of language and values, their unity was strengthened in the XVIIIth century. Yet in the XIXth, the foundations of the society were shaken in spite of the demographic and economic boom and of the rise in exchanges. The whole building was crackling. The clans drew apart, the country was divided into four countries: Kinkeenge, Kiyari, Kibeembe Kia Nseke, Kibeembe Kia Musitu, and the group into four subgroups. The language became dialects, the economic life was on a regional life, as was the political power with the Nkanyi. From that period onwards individuals would define themselves first as being munkeenge, muyari, before being simple a Mubeembe. . .
Coulibaly, Sinali. "Etat, société et développement : le cas senoufo dans le nord de la Côte-d'Ivoire." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100059.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the evolution of the senoufo's society and its environment, in the north of Cote-d'Ivoire, in the effects of the manding's war, the colonial government and the modern state. During the pre-colonial ere, a demographic mole has been constituted in the senoufo's country. The society organized the management of its world in balance with the environment. Under the colonial government this area was subjugated to drainage effects, mainly of its humain resources, to the profit of the plantations of the forest zone. The result of this intervention was the underdevelopment of the senoufo's country and the appearance of regional disparities in the Cote-d'Ivoire. In order to correct these distorsions, the state started, specially after 1974, considerable investments in the senoufo's country, by initiating developments operations such as the irrigated rice-growning, the suggar perimeters, the cotton cultivation and the promotion of the breeding cattle. The spatial amenagments which resulted from these operations are the illustration of a volontary geography. These moderne interventions have integrated the senoufo's world in the national economic and have initiated its development in all the sectors of the rural life
Mbemba, Rudy Calva. "L' ordre social : histoire et justice pénale dans la société traditionnelle kongo depuis les origines jusqu' au XXème siècle." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10092.
Full textThe history of Kongo is exceptional in Black Africa. In 1491, Kongo society welcomed the Europeans. Getting in contact with Portugueses, Kongo people discovered the Christianity, the handwriting and European law
Tsaboto, Jean. "Mutation sociale et politique de la société antemoro au XIXe siècle (Sud-Est de Madagascar)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0179.
Full textIn the South-East of Madagascar, in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, a political balance was established between nobles and commoners, in the Antemoro kingdom, founded by descendants of islamized immigrants, and in the Antesaka kingdom built up by Maroseràña who came from the West Coast. The violent irruption of the Merina power, whose administration controlles foreign trade, set up taxes and fatigues (after 1824), and introduced chritianity and schooling (1878), disrupted these societies. Internal elements added to these external factors, connected with balance of power between social strata and with fights in order to control men and rice-fields. The policy of the Merina government, which chose to get support from the nobles in the Antemoro and Antesaka countries, and from the Zafisoro in the Farafangana, worsened the gap between social groups. Tensions gave birth to conflicts that population mobility and influence of Christian ideology turned into revolutionary wars. The Antemoro (in 1851, 1883, 1894, periods of crisis between Madagascar and France) and Antesaka commoners (in 1895) managed to break up hierarchies of their kingdoms and set free their slaves with whom they formed new social groups. These groups built up "royal" structures in the Antesaka (1895) and Antemoro (1937) regions. In the Frafangana area, since 1852, tension between Antefasy and Zafisoro has benn permanent. The afternath of these conflicts still affects the whole region today; they are worsened by demographic presure on arable land
Bourdier, Frédéric. "Santé, espace de vie et société en pays Tamoul : approche géo-anthropologique dans trois villages en Inde méridionale." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30034.
Full textThe geo-ecological approach in correlation with the sociocultural approach allow us to consider health as a whole spatial and social fact. Further, the confrontation of rural logics with health policies logics enable us to show the sensible points inducing a disacting in health system delivery and bring to light the problems of adequation and adjustment between a specified way of development "from the top" and the internal and external dynamics of the studying villages societies
Limete, Jonas. "Histoire traditionnelle, éducation coutumière et enseignement occidental, dans la société nzébi, au Gabon, de 1910 à 1980." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3003.
Full textThis dissertation explores the impact of Western schooling on the history and traditional education of the Nzèbi of Gabon since the introduction of colonial schools in 1910. In this three-part study, the author examines 1) Nzèbi society, education, and historical consciousness in the eve of colonization, 2) various phases in the development of formal education from 1910 to 1980, and 3) the role played by Western education on the develop of global Nzèbi society. To assess the repercussions of Western formal education on this global society, this thesis draws on a variety of materials, including oral, archival, and published sources. In particular, the author engages some key doctoral works devoted specifically to Nzèbi society. Finally, this thesis demonstrates that the history taught in schools and the one lived by the globalizing Nzèbi constitute two different worlds whose mode of articulation remains to be invented
Roulon-Doko, Paulette. "Une société d'autosubsistance et d'abondance alimentaire dans la savane centrafricaine : les Gbaya 'Bodoe." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H027.
Full textThis research focuses on the global phenomenon of food production among the gbaya 'bodoe a people of the western central African Republic. It is an ethnolinguistic study which associates native speech (both everyday speech and cultural speech (tales and proverbs) and direct ethnographic observation. In so doing it aims to capture the cultural realities underlying the linguistic organization of meaning, and seeks to reveal cognitive and symbolic values beyond the language itself. A short presentation of the gbaya 'bodoe language brings out the phonological and syntactical elements necessary to understand the text of the examples. The reste of the study is divided into four sections: - knowledge and organization of the natural environment (time and space) ; - food production (hunting, gathering and farming) ; - cooking and food preparation ; - consumption of food ; each of these sections associates linguistic expression, conceptual organization and symbolic values. Analysis reveals extensive knowledge which is not explicitly expressed by speakers, but constitutes an immense body of common knowledge of which everyone possesses all the pieces, like a puzzle, but which is never completely assembled at one time. This study seeks to put the pieces of the puzzle together. Cooking is here seen as a true art practiced by all, and a social means of communication. A gbaya-french vocabulary covering the 3500 items mentioned completes the study
Petit, Dominique. "La société lombarde, Ve-VIIIe siècles : romanité, germanité, chrétienté." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040285.
Full textFrom their entering Italy (568) to the loss of their independence before Charles the Great, the Longobards assimilated to the Italian world. However, those changes were not a slow and inevitable process from arian and pagan germanism to the adoption of the Christian and roman models. During these two centuries and beyond, they have kept the memory and the use of customs born from the times of migrations and maybe even before, such as matrilineal links and endogamic uses. At the same time, they totally adopted the conceptions left by the Roman Empire through the memory of the Ostrogoths. Italy had to be united under one command exercised by a chief who would not necessarily have been catholic as the examples of Agilulf and Rothari show
Sow, Alpha Mohamed Loppé. "La société du Fuuta Dyaloo du début XVIIIe au début XXe siècle." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010525.
Full textAs it often in islamic socities, the part played by influential networks -the latter being mostly netwoks which become real political lobbies (as was the case for fuuta dyaloo) - is extremely important and even cuts off the state from view. Now, since the so called religious comunity is first of all a social community which can be identified by economic indexes relative to a particular camon scheme, the issue of state is most acute. Three answers to this issue are be found in this work. 1)-the answer given by the fuuta "dyon wuro" (the ower of the and, 17the-18th centuries) is essentially an economic one. The main idea of the social project as a whole was closely linked to both cattle and the puli, the important character, indeed. His language, the pular, which had enabled the various groups living in fuuta dyaloo to communicate. Later, the assessment of exchanges and the increasing of the dyike (cattle) was not condemned the state in the fuuta dyaloo. 2)-from the beginning of the 18th century to the end of the 19th century, the islamic answer was de facto opposed to the state. This was the rational divorcement from the state. 3)-this answer influenced the colonial position, from the end of the 19th century the beginning of the 20th
Casanova, Antoine. "Forces productives, peuple corse et Révolution française : 1770-1815." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010565.
Full textJolly, Éric. "La bière de mil dans la société Dogon." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100015.
Full textAmong the dogon, millet is the primary food crop. This cereal is cooked and consumed daily within the family in the form of a solid porridge. Part of the millet crop is transformed into beer for social and religious purposes according to a logic that privileges not subsistence, but communication and the display of wealth. Millet beer is the principal source of wealth offered and shared in public. It nourishes social relations by circulating outside the "family" sphere, paralleling networks of marriage, kin, friends and neighbors. Prestige good, essential ing redient of festivals, and irreplaceable source of conviviality, millet beer is the key mechanism of solidarity, strategies of seduction, and rites of incorporation (for the living as well as the deceased). The cycle of fabrication serves as a thread articulating dogon ritual. Finally, during certain festivals, the consuption of beer sets the stage for the succession of generations and the transmission of knowledge from "fathers" to "sons", uniting by degrees all dog on villages. If millet nourishes, millet beer ensures the cohesion and reproduction of dogon society connecting (success ively or simultaneously) an ensemble of rituals, individuals and localities
Nkaka, Raphaël. "L'emprise d'une logique raciale sur la société Rwandaise, 1894-1994." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010548.
Full textThe identification of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa of Rwanda as races had conducted to racial interpretations of those identities, since the end of 19th century. A racist propaganda during the postcolonial period conducted to genocide against Tutsi in 1994
Vinel, Virginie. "La famille au féminin : société patrilinéaire et vie sociale féminine chez des Sikoomse (Moose, Burkina-Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHESA008.
Full textAt the meeting point of the anthropology of kinship and the sociology of the family, the research deals with the family relationships of moose (or mossi) women as social partners. The first part expounds the social environment of the sikoomse neighbourhood, in the south-west of the moose country in burkina- faso. The amount of kinship relationships is updated and explained by local endogamy and preferential exchanges between some lineages. These points infer short distances between married women and their families. The high level of migration generates a population deficit which increases the female workload. In the second part, the daily relationships among women are analysed through their activities. Women are divided into three age groups, young girls, mothers and elderly women, thus creating a real female melting pot in which the youngest are taught about techniques but also about their matrimonial destiny. The relationships between the women of the compound stretch as far as the whole neighbourhood. For example, co-wives are not only the spouses of one man, but also of classificatory brothers. They help one another for the communal tasks but otherwise keep their distance since each spouse and her children make up an independant unit. The last part describes economic, affective and matrimonial exchanges between women and their male relatives - brothers, uncles, brothers-in-law. The parts played by women in rituals, some of which are specific to the sikoomse (initiation, funerals), have also been highlighted. The function of + circulating ; foods, informations, young brides seems to be female hallmark in this patrilineal society
Cogels, Serge. "Les Ntumu du Cameroun forestier: une société de non-spécialistes. Système de production, stratégies d'acquisition des ressources et enjeux du changement." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211489.
Full textLeyinda, Pascal Alain. "La motricité ludique d'une société africaine : analyse structurale des jeux traditionnels des peuples Ndzébi du Congo Brazzaville." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H019.
Full textThe detailed structural analysis of a corpus of traditional games played by Congo Brazzaville "Ndzebi" children allowed, by observations, by the study of game structure modelling and by semi directive interviews, to show characteristic traits, and social and cultural signification of the "Ndzebi" society. Their proximity with their natural and cultural environment from which they take out material to make game objects (object relationship) ; the existence of two parallel institutions "the men home" which is strictly forbidden to women and reserved for usual initiation and boys socialization by games. "The family kitchen" reserved for girl education, for mother and women life of the village is the community life basis. Men and women place, social compromise, in spite of the social relation dissymetric structure ; the birthright, the non subjection odf standards in these practices and their evolution in ritual characterize by motor action, identity and vestiges of game activities. Comparatively with institutionalized games, this other dissymetrical model reflects a difference with western societies which are based on equal opportunities - the symmetrical democartic model. Moreover, one notices a perceptible evolution towards this civilizational model, which tends towards custom cultural mixing. This close relation between game characteristics and local culture straits works towards the interpretation of reality in the "Ndzeba" child accomplishment by games
Somda, Dominique. "Le réel serait passé. Le secret de l’esclavage et l’imagination de la société (Anôsy, Madagacar)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100199/document.
Full textThis thesis main concern is the obsession for slavery in an otherwise egalitarian society. The Tanôsy of South Madagascar are constantly working to build a social world in which no differences between people of free descent and people of slave descent would remain. This is obvious in their zealous democratic and Christian practices. Christianity and Democracy may be considered as a true scene of equality. Tanôsy egalitarianism is somewhat tempered by a pervasive ethic of honour. Lineage autonomy, for that reason, is more seek about than modern equality. A constant fear of shame justifies some group differences and the hierarchy between these groups. But the hierarchy is not perceived as persistent anymore. Tanôsy also share a secret of slavery which is here seen as a relational setting as well as a knowledge configuration. Identity of the former slaves is transmitted in spite of restrictive constraints and protocol. Kings, in the other hand, are forgotten, merely seen nowadays as heroes of fairy tales without genealogy. No place of memory could be found here; a landscape of suspicion, instead, may be experimented. This landscape is expressive of a specific ontology. The secret of slavery should be considered as a way to recreate the original foundation and to imagine the future of society