Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Société occidentale'
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Ros, Guy. "La fonction du cinéma dans la société occidentale." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10003.
Full textThe cinema has three main functions : a social function, a mythical function, a possessive function. First of all its social function helps reveal the lapses and contradictions of society. But its mythical function is primordial too. During the twentieth century it becomes the modern vehicle of myths and the scene where great methaphysical entities reappear. Finally the cinema can also become an instrument of alienation in the hands of an unscrupulous state using it as a means of propaganda. Because of its powerful suggestion, it can engender conditioned reflexes among people
Dolidon, Hélène. "L'espace des feux en Afrique de l'Ouest : l'analyse d'un phénomène d'interface nature-société." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1434.
Full textChave-Dartoen, Sophie. "Uvea (Wallis) : une société de Polynésie occidentale : étude et comparaison." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986101.
Full textJoanisse, Benoît. "Le tatouage comine mode d'expression individuelle dans la société occidentale." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28183.
Full textDenouel, Julie. "Le narcissisme dans les sociétés modernes d'Europe occidentale." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H019.
Full textIf narcissism plays an important part in the union of individuals around a feeling, possibly shared, of a great eternal and omnipotent Whole, here is the question: Considering people living in society, can they live without such a feeling? Acknowledged as powerless, the individual needs to make up for a gap, a wound or a narcissistic defect with alternative satisfactions. The sacred incarnate group insures his protection; it is invested with omnipotence and contrarily to the individuals, it has an eternal expectation of life. Powerful and recognized as the "Whole" by its members, the State could not only hold the monopole of violence but also be the one of narcissistic enjoyment. The sociologist asks: "Why men do not rebel against their social conditions?" With the notion of narcissism, we are trying to bring a part of the answer
Baron-Gutty, Audrey. "Paradigme politique et évolution des institutions éducatives. Le cas d'une société non-occidentale : la Thaïlande." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00678967.
Full textMaechel, Bertrand. "La puériculture et l'image de l'enfant dans la société occidentale : à propos de Benjamin Spock." Strasbourg 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1M070.
Full textBaron-gutty, Audrey. "Paradigme politique et évolution des institutions éducatives : Le cas d’une société non-occidentale : la Thaïlande." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20109/document.
Full textWorldwide, educational systems have been reshaped on the basis of accountability and efficiency criteria. Together with these reforms, education, from basic to higher levels, has also been summoned up to meet ever-increasing political, economic and social demands. These shifts lead to several questionings regarding the origins and evolutions of modern education: If the consolidation of nation-states and the monopolisation of instruction by schools seem to have occurred concomitantly in Europe, how can we explain that we have found the same school pattern in territories located outside this West? And how can we account for the univocity of trajectories until the current changes in educational institutions?Our study focused on demonstrating that these similar patterns taken by education around the world have not resulted from an educational, linear development or from the domination of the European settler. First, the past and political, religious and economic games in non-Western societies played a role in shaping modern schools. Then the impact of a dominant policy paradigm has been tremendous in delineating the framework of change, even until today. Policy paradigm indeed establishes fundamentals and excludes other possibilities. However the receiving society eventually reshapes this paradigm to build a moving, unique, plural educational system.We have backed up our thinking by focusing on a specific empirical case, Thailand, and by combining a socio-historical and political analysis to an in-depth fieldwork. The aim was to understand the educational trajectory and the shifts in policy paradigms that have led this territory from traditional teachings to a Nation-State education, and nowadays an education of globalisation
Nangbe, Florentin. "La Société civile : acteur alternatif de développement en Afrique de l'Ouest?" Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090061.
Full textVallée, Nicolas. "Etude sur l'émergence du post-genre dans la société occidentale ou l'avènement des identités non-binaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC158.
Full textSince the beginning of the 20th century and Freud's theoretical progresses on the unconscious, Western societies have gradually evolved towards a depathologization of sexualities and sexuations. To such an extent that the year 2014 saw the officialization of a non-specific sex identity on the Australian territory. This thesis in psychopathology and psychoanalysis proposes to question the meeting between subjective singularities and societal determiners in order to hypothecate the possible echoes that led to the emergence of the first adult citizenship with non-specific sex. What consequences can the recognition of new non-binary identities generate on the modeling of the psychic apparatus and what theoretical adjustments can be considered for the psychoanalytic theorization of the 21st century?
Ouattara, Tiona Ferdinand. "Tradition orale, initiation et histoire : la société Senufo et sa conscience du passé." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010595.
Full textBased on oral and written sources, this thesis aims at favouring a better knowledge of the Senufo society. In fact, it shows a triple vision of the senufo world. In the first section, i have tackled the problems of generic terms and moral features attributed to the Senufo of Cote d'Ivoire. I have also analysed these external peoples' perception of the social structure and the initiatory institutions of the Senufo. In the second section, i have analysed the Senufo's concepts of history, the functioning of history in the Senufo society and the Senufo's perception of their historical personality. In the last section, I have tried to rebuild the history of the senufo on the basis of universal chronology. I have analysed the constitution process of the senufo historical personality, the questioning of their personality and finally the Senufo people's search for their lost identity. The general conclusion closes up on setting the limits of this work and opens other ways of research for the future
Boquet, Caroline. "Du cosmos au sujet : étude socio-anthropologique de l’astrologie occidentale contemporaine." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN1018.
Full textAs it definitely seems extinguished, astrology reappeared in France in the early 1930s in the horoscope form, those shorts written predictions firstly spread in newspapers. By the twentieth century, astral divination adapted to new broadcast media to increase its speech audience, with the result that zodiacal messages are today on all our screens. Media have in this way favored the rise of a mass astrology, typically modern and completely new. Apart from horoscopes, astrological speech goes on to be stated more secretely, in the divination consultation during which a surprising face to face happens between astrologer and its customer. Based upon thorough interviews and consultations observations, this thesis offers to discover the specificities of contemporary astrology (contemporary astrological facts). In a comprehensive perspective, it focuses on intentions and representations of those involved in the practice of astral divination. From these elements, the issue is to understand the different reasons requiring the use of astrology in a society ruled by scientific rationality. The results of this research shows that contemporary astrology is not a social product (residue) of an archaic practice. Resolutely modern, it is focused on the subject and its problems, and tries to bring concrete solutions. With astrological individualism, cosmos became human's psyche mirror, subjectivity's symbolical representation. Far from being given theoretically, astrological terms's meanings closely depends of its interpreter point of view. Conceived like the terrestrial world's reflection and its inhabitants, the celestial cartography is used to overcome doubts, anxiety, sufferings that torments the subject and impede his action
Agayi, Marc Kodjo. "L'engagement politique des chrétiens dans les pays francophones d'Afrique de l'Ouest (1990-2005)." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/AGAYI_Marc_Kodjo_2010.pdf.
Full textWhich politics in Africa and how to commit? The French speaking countries of Western Africa are searching a stable political system allowing them to develop men and society. Political stability and those developments are not yet guaranteed by the choice or the acceptance of democracy. Democracy has its place in African society, even though some criticize and others encourage it. Its enculturation needs the participation of every citizen, especially associations, groups and movements of the civil society. Religions and Christians, in particular, must play a decisive role in the current democratic system in Africa. Their numerical growth and dynamism need no longer to be proven in Africa. Christians must unite in associations, and act in politics by defending human and Christian social values. The Christians’ political commitment, by means of associations, can enrich the substance of politics intervening in their churches. It may also give them new consideration in society and politics, enabling them to influence authorities in their political-decision making
Nondowou, Bassimie. "Les nouvelles générations togolaises entre la tradition et l'influence occidentale : Le cas des Kabyé." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUEL218.
Full textSince the Kabye society came into contact with the european culture through colonization and evangelization, it has become, as all dominated societies, more and more hybrid and ambivalent. Today's Kabye generations have difficulty to define themselves is regard to both cultures. Three fundamental factros explain this traidtional values destabilization : economic, cultural, and religious factors. Economically speaking Kabye people were sent by the colonial authorities for hard labours in the central and south areas of Togo, far from their living environnement, when released from hard labours, they worked in private and public plantations to survive. They discovered then money. Henceforth, this money will replace the traditional exchange and modify relationship not only between people but also within families. The school education supplanted the traditional education wich remained a folklore. Youth clubs and associations replaced former age groups. The christian religion put the finishing touches to this work buy running down and fighting the animism, the exclusive religion of the traditional Kabye people. As result, we attend to a victory of the universal model the standardization of the "imaginary"
Galliot, Sébastien. "Pe'a et malu : le tatouage à Samoa (1722-2010) : technique et culture dans une société de Polynésie occidentale en mutation." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0425.
Full textThis Ph D. Thesis studies the practice of tattooing in Samoa (Western Polynesia). The author examines oral tradition related to the origin of the craft aims at reconstructing the historical changes of this practice since the first contact with the Europeans in the 18th century. Drawing on a 18 months of field work, this thesis gives an ethnographical description of the organisation of the profession of traditional tattooist (tufuga ta tatau) and studies its ritual aspects. Technical process (the making of the tattooing tools and their use) are analysed in relation with indigenous categories of thinking and "milieu technique" (Leroi-Gourhan). Then, this work proposes to understand the social relevance of Samoan tattooing in broader cultural setting by comparison with the tattooing institution of Wallis, Futuna, Tonga, and Rotuma. Eventually, the modern impact of Samoan Diaspora and western clientele is considered as a major factor of change
Cuttier, Martine. "Armée coloniale, pouvoir politique et société civile en France et en Afrique occidentale à la fin du XIXe siècle : le cas de Louis Archinard." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010590.
Full textSmith, Étienne. "Des arts de faire société : parentés à plaisanteries et constructions identitaires en Afrique de l'Ouest (Sénégal)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0016.
Full textThis study calls for a historical and political science analysis of a classical category in anthropology, « joking relationships ». By focusing on joking relationships in Senegal it explores the fabrics of inter-community relations, the vernacular language of politics and the imagination of nationhood. It shows how the so-called pacifying function of joking relationships is questionable but also how these practices craft a culture of sociability and reveal the historicity of a common political culture in West Africa. The political instrumentalization of joking kinships in the context of the Casamance conflict in Senegal, and in some state-sponsored cultural nationalisms in West-Africa, are studied as neo-traditionalist endeavours that have succeeded in imposing this category in the public space and turning it into the cornerstone of national identities in the making
Echouaibi, Mohamed-Amine. "Contribution à l'histoire de l'Etat et de la société sous le règne d'Ahmad al-Kabīr al-Madanī (1864-1893) d'après les sources arabes." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010530.
Full textIn 1864, al-haj umar disappears in full campaign before his ambitious project is not realized in its totality. The great islamic tijaniyya state to which he aspired remained unfinished. He bequeathed nevertheless to his successor a very vast territory going from oriental senegal until tumbuktu. Immediately after his advent, ahmad al-kabir al-madani had to confront many difficulties, with various nature. The problem of the succession was the principal since it remained irresolute until the end. It divided the center of commandment between ahmadu and his brothers, what provoke deeply reached to the unit of the state. Similarly, uprisings of the population against the authority of ahmadu have succeeded to intervals of very close time of each other. Consequently, the state weakens and become incapable to dress to dangers coming from exterior. This work tempts to stroller the different phases of this misunderstood history, because of the lack of research relative at this period, and tries to analyze trough original manuscripts (122 manuscripts) the different cause of collapse of the toucouleur empire under the reign of ahmadu (1864-1893), and its incapacity to resist at colonial imperialism
Djéréké, Jean-Claude. "Eglise catholique et évènements politiques (1960-2005) : Etude des lettres pastorales des évèques de Côte d'Ivoire." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5006.
Full textSanon, J. Bernardin. "Production littéraire d'images socio-politiques dans l'écriture romanesque négro-africaine (après les Indépendances)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10041.
Full textThis ph. D. Dissertation deals with the writing, the history and the images of the french-speaking west african novel from 1975 to 1995 in the different countries covered by our study. We present an in-depth analysis of the works of west african novelists (both male and female) and we study the evolution of the historical conditions, the literary techniques, the use of the language. We also investigate the novelists' involvement in generation movements and their sociopolitical images as well as their strategies to achieve efficiency in the process of enforcing a contemporary african fiction
Inthano, Theeraphong. "L'influence occidentale sur le développement du théâtre moderne siamois : le cas du Roi Vajiravudh (1910-1925)." Phd thesis, Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales- INALCO PARIS - LANGUES O', 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947613.
Full textEssayan, Johanna. "L’influence de l’environnement familial sur la délinquance du mineur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1031.
Full textA criminalogy approach makes it possible to highlight decisive factors of the delinquency process (ou the criminal process). Some analysts aims to prove the importance of familial context on juvenile delinquency although these explanations seems insufficient. Family is the primary socialisation instance and familial background with deviant behaviors and defaulting authority could thus have an impact on juvenile delinquency. One can observe however that children sometimes do not reproduce the family scheme and are socially integrated. Consequently, a multi-factors analysis of delinquency points up the importance of other contextual factors, among them the external agents to the family encounters, in explaining the first acts of delinquency. Influence of factors as education and peer group imply the questioning of the familial background considered as a key factor of juvenile delinquency. If verified, these analysis remain nonetheless an incomplete explanation, while raising the question of the causal relationship between juvenile delinquency and the workings of Western society
Sow, Abdoul Aziz. "Essai de typologie des genres poétiques peuls (Mauritanie-Sénégal)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040181.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD deals with oral Fulani poetry from the Fouta-Toro (Mauritania - Senegal) and is composed of three parts. In the first part, a sociological approach brings into relief the role and function of each of the social classes that are the generating of this literature. A brief survey of works already written on Fulani literature has put an emphasis on the specificity of the former in each Fulani cultural area. Starting from the local taxinomy of poetic genres, this thesis has achieved a typology of poetic genres by showing that poetry is produced in a specific context that regulates its performance and its reception. Poetic genres have had as a main axis of development the social classes that compose the Fulani society of Fouta-Toro. In the third and final part, the literary analysis illustrates two major aspects of this poetry. Rhythm is so far as poets use various means to create. Furthermore, it is the vector of an ideology proper to the social groups to which it is linked with
Bianchi, Nicoletta. "ART RUPESTRE EN EUROPE OCCIDENTALE : CONTEXTE ARCHEOLOGIQUE ET CHRONOLOGIQUE DES GRAVURES PROTOHISTORIQUES DE LA REGION DU MONT BEGO. De la typologie des armes piquetées à l'étude des gravures schématiques-linéaires." Phd thesis, Université de Perpignan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915928.
Full textLando, Paul. "Espaces et sociétés en milieu vodoun : aménagements et territoires de conflit." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908942.
Full textBagan, Ghislain. "Espaces et sociétés en Méditerranée nord-occidentale durant la Protohistoire." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30069.
Full textAt the crossroads of archaeology, geography, and anthropology, we propose here a multi scalar approach to the human societies’ environment in north-western Mediterranean between the end of the Bronze Age and the Roman period. From the Ebro to the Rhone, we will investigate the questions related to the daily environment of the group, to its neighbourhood relations with other communities, and to the cultural areas. The spatial distribution of the necropolis will constitute for example an essential source of information on the size and shape of the territories. On another scale, it will be important to develop the notions of transitions and cultural frontiers, to insist on the degree of sedentary life, and on the process of territorial stabilization, whether it was initiated by a grouped or dispersed settlement…Taking into account the major historical events of the Mediterranean Sea, and also the individual history of the indigenous groups, the continuity and ruptures of the establishment systems will be examined : themes such as the evaluation of the perennate character of the indigenous structures, pre-existing the Mediterranean trade, but also the restructuration of the networks linked with commercial pressure (establishment of economic areas) will plainly enter the reasoning
Dupont, David. "Les compagnies occidentales dans l'économie mondiale : origine institutionnelle des organisations du capitalisme industriel." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32963.
Full textThe generalization of wage labour, an increased rationalization of manufacturing processes, and the taking-off of an economy that draws from within itself the main propellants of its growth are among the phenomena generated in the 19th century by industrialization. Embracing a growing number of economic activities, this great transformation not only colored indelibly many aspects of life in society, but it also implicated the deployment of important capitalist organizations, which integrated in large numbers material and human resources, subjecting them to their modus operandi. This corporate body, the organization, experienced a meteoric rise in the 20th century, paving the path to a society less structured by the modern state. The building block of the organization was an institution, the company, and it is the genesis of this entity that the present thesis aims to trace. The institutionalization of the organizations of industrial capitalism spanned several centuries. The customs of these institutions were, through time, shaped by the broad framework of cultural and commercial exchanges that linked several parts of the globe and in which the companies were implicated. In each significant shift in the development of the institution, we see that the insertion of companies in this almost global universe played a key role. Without minimizing the importance of the milestones achieved by the Western world in this saga, this thesis attributes a large place to “global history” perspectives, which focus on the relations between civilizations over time. These perspectives add to the image that emerges of a secular institution, built in several stages and then used as a crucible for the industrial manufacture of goods. In this genesis of the institution of the company (from the Italian city-states of the Middle Ages through to industrialization), three key moments were identified, which served to structure this thesis into three parts, beginning with the turning point of the year 1000. Part 1. After centuries of invasions, Western Europe portrays a fragmented image. Its population centers are for the most part economically and politically divided into seigneuries. In the period preceding the emergence of tutelary powers, which established a framework that was conducive to long-distance trade, the few merchants who ventured across the territories formed caravans. It was these pioneers who, while venturing to meet treasure-rich (both material and intellectual) civilizations, introduced not only exotic goods into the West, but also accounting and financial techniques that supported the subsequent commercial development of Western Europe. At first glance, the company’s institution derives its origin from this. Part 2. The rise of the absolutists states of the Westphalian regime led to the intertwining of companies in the mercantilist policies of the monarchies at a time when the West played an increasingly decisive role in the commercial networks of the world economy. This subjected the companies responsible for the transit of goods, as well as their objectives for profitability, to the national interests (economic, diplomatic and military policies, in particular) of the absolutists states. Part 3. In the 19th century, parts of Great Britain were undergoing industrialization, and in seeking to free itself from the burdens of administrating colonies, it adopted more liberal trade policies. For subordinate economies, the new commercial climate forced them to shift their strategies. Quebec’s economy during this period embodied the archetype of this transformation. It was forced to seek new economic engines, as its trade ties with the empire unraveled. The empowerment of corporations, through a disembedding from public policy, appeared to be a promising avenue. This new institutional formula provided the breeding ground for an unprecedented social configuration, dominated by large organizations and the management principles that drive them. The organization, as a social form, would thereafter become the knot that binds together a growing number of entities and actors. By resituating the evolution of the institution of the company in the general framework of world trade, in addition to taking an interest in the generation of postmodern society, this thesis also sheds light on 1) the origins of capitalism and 2) the rise of the West in the world economy. The establishment of the company was as much a manifestation of these changes as one of the main instruments that made them possible.
Gosselin, Lucie. "Intersexualité : des sexes en question dans les sociétés occidentales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28916/28916.pdf.
Full textBa, Aminata. "L'introduction des medias modernes au sein de sociétés de l'oralité (Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Sénégal)." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20015.
Full textIn the early sixties, when most of the African states became independent, it was believed that the advent of new information technologies would give opportunities to developping countries. The main objective was the eradication of illiteracy by the means of modern communication technologies, such as educative television and rural broadcasting. At present results, look disapointing. During the introduction of these technologies, which were not really adapted for developing countries, the social and cultural realities of these countries as well as the impact of oral transmittance were ignored. Today, the link between oral transmittance and modern media is to be evaluated differently when considering urban or rural areas. The complementarity between the two communication systems functions in the urban areas because oral aspects (proverbs, tales. . . ) Persist in urban communities. In the rural areas, imported media are often percieved as belonging to the entertainment sector and this for two main reasons : - the high illiteracy rates, which encourage the traditional forms of knowledge acquirement, - the inadequate infrastructure that hampers development of communication facilities. The multiple consequences of this are : growing disparity between the urban area and the country side, unequal development of communication facilities and an increase of the communication gap between citizens from the same country. This situation creates a society in which, part of the citizens can develop a worlwide view while others have only access to a restricted choice of information channels
Ikansha, Ukantik'ye Willy. "La reconsidération de la notion de servic public : application aux sociétés de transports collectifs urbains en Afrique subsaharienne francophone." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX24008.
Full textZhao, Ming. "La différence des stratégies ou la différence de l'axiologie : une exploration de la pensée de François Jullien." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802962.
Full textGuillard, Pierre. "Vie et mort des sociétés commerciales coloniales bordelaises de la côte occidentale d'Afrique : Peyrissac,1847-1963." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070101.
Full textAfter the fall of the french empire, the merchants in the city of bordeaux are encouraged to establish themselves in the occidental coast of africa, mainly in goree island and in the city of saint louis in senegal. These merchants will constitue some societies, often with money collected in their own families and will form an important and influent colonial group: the "groupe from bordeaux" will have as leaders "Maurel & Prom", "Deves & Chaumet", "Buhan & Teisseire". . . Around the year 1870 a second flood of merchants : Philip Delmas, "darling" Peyrissac, Elie Chavanel, Louis Vezia, came to Senegal and partly will contribute at the economical developpement of the french occidental coast of Africa. "Darling" Peyrissac son of a gendarme, born in a country called "Limousin" came, when he was only very young boy, very short of money, to Saint Louis for his own establishment in 1870. In 1908, "Darling" Peyrissac was able to find financial contributions in order to establish an corporation. He died in 1916. Afterwards, it happened success or misfortune to the society, after the first world war, the society began to enterprise different affairs and due to them was in a bad condition during the crisis following 1929. .
Mihalache, Iulia. "La modèle occidental et ses traductions dans une société postcommuniste: Le cas de la Roumanie." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29238.
Full textBrunet-La, Ruche Bénédicte. ""Crime et châtiment aux colonies" : poursuivre, juger, sanctionner au Dahomey de 1894 à 1945." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979289.
Full textDiallo, Abdellahi. "Du Sahara espagnol au Sahara occidental : Casus Belli." Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1229.
Full textLouar, Nadia. "Le "devenir féminin" dans la sociéte moderne occidentale à travers les deux romans de Virginie Despentes." PDXScholar, 1997. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2791.
Full textBonte, Pierre. "L'emirat de l'adrar : histoire et anthropologie d'une societe tribale du sahara occidental." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0083.
Full textThe adrar emirate is one of the four emirates settled in mauriatnia since the end of the xviith century. This monographic study combinates the approaches and methods of history and anthropology. In the first part we analyze the categories of the pre-emiral society and the foundations of the emirate. In the second part are described the constitution and political and social organization of the adrar emirate. In the third part we study the evolution, during the xixth century of the "civil society", impregnated of the islamic values. The fourth part discusses with the french colonial conquest. The object of this thesis is to contribute towards studying the political formations of tribal, pastoral and nomadic saharan societies
Limete, Jonas. "Histoire traditionnelle, éducation coutumière et enseignement occidental, dans la société nzébi, au Gabon, de 1910 à 1980." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3003.
Full textThis dissertation explores the impact of Western schooling on the history and traditional education of the Nzèbi of Gabon since the introduction of colonial schools in 1910. In this three-part study, the author examines 1) Nzèbi society, education, and historical consciousness in the eve of colonization, 2) various phases in the development of formal education from 1910 to 1980, and 3) the role played by Western education on the develop of global Nzèbi society. To assess the repercussions of Western formal education on this global society, this thesis draws on a variety of materials, including oral, archival, and published sources. In particular, the author engages some key doctoral works devoted specifically to Nzèbi society. Finally, this thesis demonstrates that the history taught in schools and the one lived by the globalizing Nzèbi constitute two different worlds whose mode of articulation remains to be invented
White, Owen. "Children of the French empire : miscegenation and colonial society in French West Africa, 1895-1960 /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376525368.
Full textCabanillas, de la Torre Gadea. "Arts et sociétés celtiques du second âge du Fer en Europe occidentale : la céramique à décor estampé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010619.
Full textThe aim of this work is to analyse the decorative systems of the main stamped pottery production areas in western Europe in order to investigate the factors explaining its simultaneous adoption in several distant regions. The first part of the thesis consists of an analysis of Iron Age stamped decoration in the Armorican peninsula, the Middle Rhine and the south and north-western Iberian Peninsula. Regional inventories and typochronologies of the decorations are presented. The inclusion of context studies and the use of statistical analyses bring new insights to the body of work which has previously engaged with this subject. In the second part, the data are interpreted in order to put forward hypotheses on the distribution, evolution and social function of stamped decoration. The comparison of decorative elements and structures, pottery shapes and practical functions of stamped items in each region suggests three axes of coherence: Atlantic, Continental and Iberian. Stamped styles are interpreted as regional systems connected to multipolar networks reaching far beyond the study area. Their evolution is linked to social changes visible through other material evidence - settlement patterns, funerary customs, other art items – between the 5th and 2nd c. BC. Between codification and variability, stamped decorations owe their success to their inclusion in networks where each object references and stands for its users’ overlapping social identifications
El objetivo de la tesis es analizar los principales focos de creación de cerámica estampillada de Europa occidental en la Edad del Hierro. El trabajo se centra en el estudio de las cuatro zonas donde la densidad de hallazgos es más importante: el Suroeste y el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica, la península armoricana y el valle medio del Rin. El estudio incluye los recipientes cerámicos decorados mediante impresión por estampillas entre mediados del s. V y finales del s. II a. C. Este tipo de hallazgos aparecen prácticamente en toda Europa en este período, siendo los focos más importantes los estudiados en este trabajo, junto con Bohemia y Moravia y el valle medio del Danubio en la actual Baviera. La elección de las cuatro zonas de estudio, por tanto, responde a la importancia cuantitativa y la variedad cualitativa de los conjuntos de cerámica estampillada que de ellas proceden, que las convierten en representativas del fenómeno y su variabilidad geográfica y cronológica. Las cuestiones planteadas por estas observaciones sirven de hilo conductor del trabajo: - La discontinuidad geográfica de los focos de producción de cerámica estampillada sugiere la posibilidad tanto de desarrolos independientes convergentes como de contactos entre las diferentes zonas. Este problema justifica la dimensión a la vez regional y continental del análisis. - La utilización de esta técnica durante prácticamente toda la Segunda Edad del Hierro requiere una revisión de los datos que permita establecer cronologías precisas y sincronías entre las diferentes áreas. - La elección estética y técnica del estampillado como medio de expresión artística distingue a algunas regiones del Occidente europeo. ¿Qué factores técnicos, estéticos y sociales pudieron influir en esta preferencia? Esta pregunta implica plantear la cuestión de la multiplicidad del “arte celta”. El estampillado sobre cerámica se aborda, por lo tanto, como técnica artística. Su desarrollo en la Edad del Hierro europea se encuadra en el denominado “arte celta” en la medida en que todas las zonas pertenecen a dicha familia lingüística y cultural. Sin embargo, la inclusión del mundo de La Tène y de la Península Ibérica plantea preguntas sobre esta categoría. Adoptando una definición del arte como una categoría funcional, el estudio de la función social del estilo estampillado debe permitir aclarar esta y otras cuestiones
Pouget, Rousseau Cécile. "Evolution des populations serviles dans les sociétés peules d'Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100052.
Full textTraditionally nomadic breeders, the Fulani have settled themselves in several countries by instituting political structures based on Islam. In this movement of installation, they have captured a servile population wich had to carry out especially agricultural works. Today, on places of these former theocratic states, former masters and former slaves live together. Our research characterized the emancipation of these populations of servile origin, especially conditions of their economic development, in the Fulani societies of Macina, Fouta Djalon and Adamawa. The expression of the social status of the former slaves indicates that the former slaves can no longer be considered as slaves but that they have not became Fulani. The current organization of the habitations, the economic activities of both populations and their relationships to share space show that to each societies corresponds a form of emancipation. In the Fouta Djalon, if the former masters still control land tenure and thus exert pressures on the former slaves, in reality the competition between each other expresses itself to the level of their economic success. In Adamawa, apart some exceptions, we can notice the demographic and economic marginalisation of the former slaves. In the Macina, the relationships between Fulani and Rimaïbe and their activities are complementary, both of these groups are submitted to the insecurity of the local production. The former masters oppose a certain ideological resistance to the emancipation of their slaves, especially by means of Islam and Fulani values. But, they can not hinder their economic development witch is more dued to the own dynamism of the populations of servile origin and to the economic, ecologic local conditions than dued to the relationships that the former captives maintain with the former masters
Niang, Demba. "Gouvernance locale, maîtrise d'ouvrage communale et stratégies de développement local au Sénégal : l'expérience de la ville de Saint-Louis." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134553.
Full textquestions. Un fort sentiment se dégage, selon lequel, une fois le quitus politique acquis, les élus
semblent se contenter de la démocratie de représentation qui les a portés au pouvoir local. Ces
questions prennent, notamment, la forme d'une défiance des populations vis-à-vis de l'action publique
locale et d'une fracture sociale dans laquelle continue à s'exprimer le sous-développement.
Plusieurs réformes ont été conduites depuis 1966 et se sont poursuivies jusqu'en 1996 avec les lois sur
la régionalisation. Des collectivités locales ont tenté des expériences avec, souvent, une impulsion venue
du dehors du fait notamment de la coopération décentralisée. Même s'il apparaît qu'une bonne part de
l'impulsion vient de l'extérieur, l'expérience menée à Saint-Louis, avec la coopération décentralisée à
travers le Partenariat Lille/Saint-Louis a prouvé que le développement local peut se réaliser. Malgré les
contraintes auxquelles la ville et son Institution sont confrontées, une volonté politique locale s'est
exprimée pour relayer les impulsions extérieures.
Quels enseignements peut-on tirer de la mise en oeuvre de cette démarche ?
Dans quelle mesure le financement et la réalisation d'infrastructures, principalement financées par
l'extérieur, contribuent-ils à renforcer la vision et les capacités des élus à conduire les politiques de
développement prenant en compte le point de vue et les attentes des différents groupes sociaux ? Plus
généralement, en quoi les dispositifs mis en place à Saint-Louis (l'Agence de Développement Communal
et les Conseils de Quartier) favorisent-ils une gestion démocratique, efficace et transparente de la
Collectivité locale ?
En posant ces questions dans le cadre d'une thèse, l'objectif était, d'une part, de capitaliser, dans un
cadre académique, une expérience de terrain conduite pendant une décennie et, d'autre part, de prendre
le recul nécessaire pour problématiser les pratiques de développement induites par cette expérience
dans un contexte marqué par un jeu et un système d'acteurs d'une rare complexité. Cette capitalisation et
ce recul observé, aux fins d'une problématisation ont conduit à un questionnement sur les
transformations qu'a connues Saint-Louis et leur l'impact sur les capacités de la maîtrise d'ouvrage
communale qui, avec le renforcement de la démocratie locale, paraissent être des fondements
indispensables à une municipalisation digne de ce nom.
Marticorena, Pablo. "Lames polies et sociétés néolithiques en Pyrénées nord occidentales : synthèse régionale à la lumière d'un outil emblématique." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010653.
Full textTroisvalets, Sandrine. "Le passage ou les sociétés occidentales confrontées au scandale de la mort : essai philosophique, médical et juridique." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081519.
Full textThe extraordinary progress of the science, the modern techniques and the medical exploit have been succeeded to hide, for a little time, our powerlessness in front of the death. We let ourselves be persuaded by the help of artificial breathing, that the death was not the fatality that shoud be accepted but un enemy which should be fighted with all of our possibilities, to stretch tirelessly the life or to truncate it, but it is not the question to wait the death without anything doing. We wanted to forget the death, for it would forget us finally, but it didn't forget us. So powerless we are, in front of the death, this reality scandalises us because the death continues to take us. That is a sad reality, because we have to add today our idleness to the sadness of our failure. It would be very long for releaming, for appropriating our own destiny. It would be very long as well, the way of acceptance for a new breath
Touzé, Olivier. "D'une tradition à l'autre, les débuts de la période gravettienne : trajectoire technique des sociétés de chasseurs-cueilleurs d'Europe nord-occidentale." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H101.
Full textThe models proposed to account for the emergence of the Gravettian are traditionally based on data from Central Europe and south-western France. Often perceived as being located on the edge of Gravettian territories, north-western Europe does not generally contribute to these debates. However, this geographical area now offers documentation for investing such a topic. Based on a technological analysis of lithic assemblages from the sites of Ormesson - Les Bossats (Seine-et-Marne, France), Flagy - Belle Fontaine (Seine-et-Marne, France), Maisières-Canal (Province of Hainaut, Belgium) and Station de Hermitage (Province of Liege, Belgium), we will examine the evolution of the lithic technical system in this region between approximately 28,000 and 26,000 BP. The recognition of an original technical entity, that preceded the first Gravettian assemblages and developed exclusively in north-western Europe, will throw a particular light on the way the technical traditions related to the Gravettian were acquired in this region. In doing so, we will try to reconstruct some fragments of the paleohistory of the societies belonging to this particular period, during which they experienced profound changes recorded throughout Europe
Modellen over de opkomst van het Gravettian zijn traditioneel gebaseerd op gegevens afkomstig van Midden-en Zuidwest-Frankrijk, waarbij de gevens uit Noordwest-Europa over het algemeen achterwege blijven, gezien deze regio wordt beschouwd al een grensgebied van het Gravettian. De regio beschikt tegenwoordig over gegevens die wel toelaten om dit onderwerp te onderzoeken. Hier onderzoeken we de evolutie van het lithische technische systeem in deze regio tussen ongeveer 28.000 en 26.000 BP op basis van een technologische analyse van lithische assemblages afkomstig van de sites van Ormesson - Les Bossats (Seine-et-Marne, Frankrijk), Flagy - Belle Fontaine (Seine-et-Marne, Frankrijk), Maisières-Canal (Provincie Henegouwen, België) en het Hermitage Station (Provincie de Luik, België). De identificatie van een originele technische entiteit, voorafgaand aan de eerste gravettische ensembles en dewelke zich uitsluitend ontwikkeld in het noordwesten van Europa, laten ons toe om een specifiek regionaal licht te werpen op de adoptie van de technische tradities gerelateerd aan het Gravettian. Op basis hiervan proberen we enkele fragmenten uit de paleogeschiedenis van deze samenlevingen te reconstrueren, een periode waarbij ingrijpende veranderingen hebben plaatsgevonden op schaal van het gehele Europese grondgebied
Bestehende Modelle zur Entwicklung des Gravettiens beruhen traditionellerweise auf Angaben aus Zentraleuropa und dem Südwesten Frankreichs. Der Nordwesten Europas wurde im Vergleich eher als ein Randgebiet des Gravettiens wahrgenommen und erhielt folglich nur geringe Aufmerksamkeit. Heute verfügt dieses Gebiet allerdings über umfassendes Untersuchungsmaterial, das eine Studie dieses Themenfeldes ermöglicht. Mittels einer technologischen Untersuchung lithischer Inventare der Fundplätze von Ormesson - Les Bossats (Seine-et-Marne, Frankreich), Flagy - Belle Fontaine (Seine-et-Marne, Frankreich), Maisières-Canal (Provinz Hennegau, Belgien) und der Station de l‘Hermitage (Provinz de Lüttich, Belgien), untersuchen wir die technologische Entwicklung der Steinartefakte in diesem Gebiet zwischen 28 000 und 26 000 v. Chr. Die Erkennung eines technisch einheitlichen Ursprungs, der sich vor den ersten Gravettien-Beständen und innerhalb des Nordwestens Europas entwickelt hat, bietet einen besonderen regionalen Blickwinkel auf die Übernahme der technologischen Traditionen, die dem Gravettien zugeordnet werden. So werden wir versuchen einzelne Fragmente paläohistorischer Gesellschaften aus einem Zeitraum zu rekonstruieren, in dem im gesamten europäischen Gebiet tiefgreifende Veränderungen aufgezeichnet wurden
Joye, Sylvie. "La femme ravie : le mariage par rapt dans les sociétés occidentales du haut Moyen Age (VIe-Xe siècle)." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30002.
Full textZhao, Bai. "Influences étrangères dans la musique contemporaine des compositeurs chinois exerçant ou ayant exercé en France et en Amérique du Nord." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040162.
Full textAs of the 19th century up to now, Chinese music has been taking a new direction and has developed in the wake of social evolutions. In China, the musical creation was affected by both the various cultures and political changes, thus bestowing a special charm on contemporary Chinese music. From the beginning of Western imitation and just before the founding of the new China, Chinese musicians succeeded in matching the Chinese musical elements with the new musical languages. Throughout specific periods, art had been bound to political power, and traditional style constituted the main identity of musical creation. Following the Cultural Revolution, the return to the root culture, the implementation of diversified experimental techniques have resulted in the departure of Chinese composers abroad in search of their own creative way. Contemporary Chinese music developed from Western technique and progressed in the Chinese cultural context and its multiple roots, closed thoughts and childhood experiences in the pure cultural environment and the collision of the new environment is now creating fascinating works of art, remarkably different from Western contemporary music. During the last 30 years of economic development and political openness, Chinese society has become increasingly internationalized; the new technologies and the varied profiles of composers have prompted the new generation to set up outstanding specific musical innovations
Dghim, Chiheb. "L'etranger dans quelques romans égyptiens." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030017.
Full textThe study of the space and the characters in some Egyptians novels highlight all the importance and complexity of the report to the other and how characters and spatiality fit to give meaning to the various representations that the Arab character made of the Occident. The oriental character - author, Narrator character or fictional character - is at the heart of this conflict: facing to himself and to the stranger, facing two types of women, one western and other oriental, facing two societies, one archaic and the other modern and, in the end facing with two spaces, one stranger and the other familiar
Hernaes, Per O. "Slaves, Danes, and African coast society : The Danish slave trade from West Africa and Afro-Danish relations on the Eighteenth-Century Gold Coast /." Trondheim : NTNU, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38868537r.
Full textTouil, Hassane. "Le rôle des marchands maghrébins dans le développement des villes et de la société urbaine au Soudan occidental à l'époque des grands empires." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT5014.
Full textThe arrival of Moroccan tradesman in western Sudan brought about transformations in all areas regarding the urban outline. These tradesmen played an important role in the birth and progress of several towns in this area. They contributed to urban organisation with the apparition of a new architectural style and the introduction of new urban elements chiefly inspired from morocco. Dike wise, the Moroccan tradesmen played an important role in the development of various functions of Sudanese towns. First of all, their role was of prime importance concerning urban economical influences. By their force the liaison between the Sudanese and Moroccan towns became regulars an limited. By exchange and methods used, the Moroccan transported both craftwork techniques, rules and practices and commercial technique, rule and practices this animation of economic life also had as a result the birth of a new urban society with these new traditions and social forces. By these same exchanges, the tradesmen archived the spreading of the Muslim religion in a peaceful end spontaneous way among the Sudanese. The role of these tradesmen has as reward the development of cultural activities of the Sudanese towns