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Journal articles on the topic 'Sociocultural ideals'
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1
Murnen, Sarah K., Katherine Poinsatte, Karen Huntsman, Jesse Goldfarb, and Daniel Glaser. "Body ideals for heterosexual romantic partners: Gender and sociocultural influences." Body Image 12 (January 2015): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.005.
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Kistanto, Nurdien Harry. "TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL-BUDAYA MASYARAKAT INDONESIA." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.13.2.169-178.
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Social scientists have conceptualized several stages of sociocultural transformation as societal development. One version modified in this article constitutes a typology of preindustrial and industrial societies which consists of one, hunting & gathering societies; two, pastoral societies; three, village agrarian societies; four, advanced traditional agrarian societies; and five, industrial societies; and six, postindustrial societies. To analyse the sociocultural transformation which happens in the Indonesian society, one has to observe and consider the long historical background which produces social heterogeneity. Thus, the direction and ideals of sociocultural transformation can be identified and conceptualized.
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Vrzhesnevvskiy, I., I. Zaharchuk, A. Vrzhesnevska, and T. Rakitina. "Ancient tradition of physical improvement: impulses for determining the priorities of modern education." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 8(153) (August 30, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.8(153).06.
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The idea of the all-round harmonious development of individuals being the basis of effective education has been around since ancient times. The article explores a practical understanding of the transhistorical meanings of the phenomenon of Olympism and ideals and values related to this term through an excursion into antiquity and the analysis of the realities of modern education.
The work aims to determine the potential of the ideal of an individual’s all-round harmonious development in the problematic area of modern education. To meet this purpose, we used a systemic and sociocultural approach, a complex of philosophical and general scientific methods in the context of interdisciplinary research.
We conceptually defined and characterized the terms ‘ideal’ and ‘value’. A modern vision of the ‘ideal of Olympism’ is proposed. A certain deficit of ‘ideals’ in pedagogical structures of contemporary education, particularly in physical education, was revealed. In the context of the implementation of the individual life cycle, the benchmark of a comprehensively harmoniously developed individual with permanent self-improvement and evolutionary prospects of our biological species is defined.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the present study:
The Olympic ideal (and the values that form its inviolable core) have universal cultural and pedagogical significance, mobilizing a person for permanent self-realization and self-improvement.
In the pedagogical context of Olympic education, the ‘ideal’ or ‘ideals’ are the basis of the humanistic educational
tradition.
In the individual perception frame, an ideal is the highest standard to which it makes sense to commit throughout
the entire life cycle.
The history of the Olympic movement illustrates the ideal and values of Olympism as a complex sociocultural and sports phenomenon.
The ideal of an individual’s all-round harmonious development has a permanently sought-after potential in society, as it is connected with the further improvement of human nature.
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Magallares, Alejandro. "Drive for thinness and pursuit of muscularity: the role of gender ideologies." Universitas Psychologica 15, no. 2 (September 20, 2016): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy15-2.dtpm.
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The female sociocultural beauty ideal is ultra-thin, while the male beauty ideal is related with a muscular body. In this paper it is argued that these differences may be explained by the gender ideology that men and women have. Data obtained from 615 female students (with a Body Mass Index between 18 and 30) revealed that participants high in a gender ideology scale reported greater drive for thinness and less pursuit of muscularity. In addition, women with low scores in a gender ideology scale showed the opposite pattern: high scores on pursuit of muscularity and low in drive for thinness. Finally, it is discussed why men and women adopt different strategies to deal with these beauty ideals.
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Jankauskiene, Rasa, and Migle Baceviciene. "Media Pressures, Internalization of Appearance Ideals and Disordered Eating among Adolescent Girls and Boys: Testing the Moderating Role of Body Appreciation." Nutrients 14, no. 11 (May 26, 2022): 2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14112227.
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The aim of the present study was to test the moderating role of body appreciation in the mediation model of media pressures, internalization of appearance ideals, and disordered eating in adolescents. One thousand four hundred and twelve Lithuanian adolescents (40.4% were boys, age range: 15–18 years) participated in the cross-sectional study. The mean age of the sample was 16.9 (SD (standard deviation) = 0.5) for girls and 17.0 (SD = 0.4) for boys. Adolescents completed a questionnaire consisting of measures of body appreciation (Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2)), disordered eating (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6 (EDE-Q 6)), attitudes towards sociocultural pressures towards appearance (Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire 4 (SATAQ-4)), and time browsing internet for leisure purposes. To assess the primary hypotheses, moderated mediation models were tested separately in boys and girls. In girls, body appreciation moderated associations between media pressures and internalization of thin body ideals and between internalization of thin appearance ideals and disordered eating. In boys, body appreciation moderated only the association between media pressures and disordered eating. The effect of media pressures on disordered eating was the highest in boys with the lowest body appreciation. Body appreciation protects adolescent girls from internalization of thin appearance ideals in the presence of media pressures and from disordered eating in the case of internalization of thin body appearance ideals. In boys, body appreciation provides a protective effect from media pressures towards appearance to disordered eating behaviors. The findings of the present study could inform intervention programs that aim to prevent disordered eating, strengthen positive body image, and promote healthy eating in adolescent girls and boys. Specific programs might be beneficial in preventing disordered eating in boys with low body appreciation.
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Engholm, Ida, and Karen Lisa Salamon. "Design thinking between rationalism and romanticism—a historical overview of competing visions." Artifact 4, no. 1 (October 4, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/artifact.v4i1.20158.
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This article presents a longue durée history of design thinking with particular focus on recurrent ideological tug-of-war between two competing visions: Enlightenment ideals of logic, rationality and civic order against Romanticist ideals of artistic creativity and social change. Drawing on design history and cultural studies, the authors present a broad overview of more than 200 years of developments in European and North American design thinking, from the rise of design as a profession to the formation of a science of design. The article contributes to the history of design thinking by presenting the influence of specific, sociocultural configurations on design culture.
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Vuong, An T., Hannah K. Jarman, Jo R. Doley, and Siân A. McLean. "Social Media Use and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Thin- and Muscular-Ideal Internalisation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 13222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413222.
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Internalisation of appearance ideals moderates the relationship between exposure to media images and body dissatisfaction. To date, the role of thin- and muscular-ideal internalisation in the context of social media remains under explored, particularly for boys. As such, we aimed to explore how social media use (Instagram and Snapchat) was related to body dissatisfaction, and whether thin- and muscular-ideal internalisation would moderate this relationship in a sample of 1153 adolescent boys and girls (55.42% males; Mage = 13.71, SD = 1.14). As hypothesised, social media use, and thin- and muscular ideal internalisation were positively correlated with body dissatisfaction in both genders. In moderation analyses, thin-ideal internalisation emerged as the only variable that had a significant effect on body dissatisfaction in both genders. Additionally, the influence of social media use on body dissatisfaction was moderated by muscular-ideal internalisation in boys, whereby for boys with high muscular-ideal internalisation, greater social media use was associated with greater body dissatisfaction. The two-way (muscular x thin-ideal internalisation) and three-way interaction (social media use x thin-ideal internalisation x muscular-ideal internalisation) effects on body dissatisfaction were non-significant. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the sociocultural environment (i.e., new media influences) as frameworks for understanding body dissatisfaction and suggest targeting of internalisation of appearance ideals in body dissatisfaction prevention programs.
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Heinberg, Leslie J., Janelle Wilder Coughlin, Angela Marinilli Pinto, Nancy Haug, Cassie Brode, and Angela S. Guarda. "Validation and predictive utility of the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire for Eating Disorders (SATAQ-ED): Internalization of sociocultural ideals predicts weight gain." Body Image 5, no. 3 (September 2008): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.02.001.
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Tatangelo, Gemma L., and Lina A. Ricciardelli. "A qualitative study of preadolescent boys’ and girls’ body image: Gendered ideals and sociocultural influences." Body Image 10, no. 4 (September 2013): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.006.
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Rodgers, Rachel F., Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Charlotte Markey, Antonio Granero-Gallegos, Alvaro Sicilia, Marie Caltabiano, Marie-Eve Blackburns, et al. "Psychometric properties of measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of appearance ideals across eight countries." Body Image 35 (December 2020): 300–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.09.016.
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Nikalayenko, Siarhej V. "Russian language through the prism of national culture and realities." Russian Language Studies 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2019-17-2-198-212.
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The article focuses on the system of developing linguistic and cultural competence through regional realities, values, personalities, etc. in general secondary educational institutions in the Republic of Belarus. The sociocultural aspect in the coherent linguistic methodological system of teaching Russian and developing learners’ speech is considered as a substantial component of all spheres - language, speech, communication, cultural linguistic study . Cultural linguistic (or linguocultural) aspect is realized through mastering language: 1) as a system of preserving and transmissing cultural values, 2) as a means of comprehending general and nationally-specific (for the Russian and Belarusian) ideals, traditions, customs, values and norms which guide the dialogue of cultures. As an interrelated educational process, the sociocultural aspect implies that students acquire the peculiarities of social relations expressed in meanings (peacefulness, non-aggressiveness, tendency to consent and search for compromises, helping another person, denying unmotivated violence, reasonable needs, etc.). The sociocultural aspect also means developing learners’ ability to comply with the norms that determine these relations.
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Каравашкина, Марина, and Marina Karavashkina. "Folk Toy As the Embodiment of the National Ideal." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 7, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ad9bd6233d2d8.31562692.
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The author of this article tries to find the ideals that are original for Russian people, to trace their evolution and existence through the prism of such a phenomenon as a folk toy that includes a conglomerate of meanings. The article considers the folk toy as a reflection and expression of the national ideal. The article analyzes a connection of cultural traditions and images of toys, the way a folk toy reproduces emotions, character and mental features of an ethnos. The author considers the generation aspect of national ideal`s reflection through the national toy. The original senses of a traditional toy are transformed quite often in modern sociocultural space, and its material embodiment is replaced by simulacras or parodies. Therefore, it is necessary to turn to its genetic roots to understand the meaningful phenomenon.
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Wilbur, Sarah. "Gestural Economies and Production Pedagogies in Deaf West’s Spring Awakening." TDR/The Drama Review 60, no. 2 (June 2016): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00553.
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In Deaf West’s Broadway revival of Spring Awakening, embodied gestures expose and challenge representational and infrastructural norms that drive commercial musical theatre. The company’s blend of ASL and spoken text extends the overarching message about failed sociocultural ideals to the realm of deaf culture. Micro-practical actions and interactions function tacitly to denaturalize audio-centric standards that guide theatrical reception, internal cueing, and technical production.
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Stepin, Vyacheslav S. "Typology of Scientific Rationality and Synergy." Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 20, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2017-20-1-6-29.
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The idea of a global (universal) evolutionism in conjunction with the notion of complex features, self-developing systems today determines the development of the scientific world. Postnonclassics took a new step – understanding the value target structures of scientific knowledge and sociocultural conditionality. In this regard, the special importance postnonclassical rationality is emphasized, and its cognitive ideals, norms and philosophical foundations which provide knowledge of objects which are self-developing system.
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Shormanbayeva, D. G., Ye N. Ivleva, O. M. Khmelnitskaya, and М. А. Seydinova. "SOCIOCULTURAL METHODOLOGY AS A THEORETICAL BASIS ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN SOCIETY." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 71, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-3.1728-8940.11.
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This article is an attempt to explicate the social and cultural approach as a general methodological tool that allows for integrated analysis of the modern society. It discusses the possibility of using the methodological potential of the social and cultural approach for analyzing the process of transformation of the modern society that is more and more often referred to as information and communication society. The notion of the information society itself has become operational and forming social ideals and values that are widely discussed by the social sciences and humanities within the social and cultural approach.
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Zhou, Zhiqing, Jeffrey Liew, and Wen Luo. "Acculturation and Disordered Eating among Asian American College Students: The Role of Objectification through a Sociocultural Lens." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 27, 2022): 13967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113967.
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Disordered eating is a public health problem because it’s highly prevalent, dangerous, and costly. More research about its risk factors and mechanisms is needed to address this problem and prevent disordered eating among high-risk populations, particularly understudied ethnic minorities. The present study contributes to the limited existing research on acculturation and disordered eating among Asian American college students who represent an understudied and high-risk group. The sample consisted of 245 Asian American (primarily East and Southeast Asian American) college students who provided data on their acculturation status, internalization of thin and muscular body ideals, body surveillance, body shame, and disordered eating. Results show that after controlling for gender, both cultures are positively associated with internalization of the muscular body ideal, but only the Asian culture of origin is associated with disordered eating. Additionally, path analysis results show that Asian culture of origin has a significant total effect on disordered eating as well as a significant indirect effect on disordered eating, mediated by thin body ideal internalization. While American culture does not have a significant contribution to body ideal internalization or disordered eating, it interacts with Asian culture of origin and put participants with high levels of both cultures at a greater risk for muscular body ideal internalization. Findings highlight the importance of cultural context in the understanding of body experiences and disordered eating among Asian American college students and have implications for the prevention and intervention of these problems in this high-risk population.
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Moldagaliyev, Bauyrzhan, and Reza Sabbaghpoor. "Axiology of socio-humanitarian cognitive and sociocultural types being of man." Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v5i2.140.
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The goal of the following article is to show that the system of values (ideals and worldview attitudes) affects the nature and results of scientific work of a researcher. It is showed, that socio-cultural and historical conditionality of scientific knowledge is implemented not only by the impact of social institutions, investment policy and state support for science, but also through the system of value orientations of scientists themselves. It was analyzed the axiological views in the application of scientific knowledge to such prominent outstanding thinkers such as I. Kant, H. Rickert, M. Weber, W. Dilthey. We prove that an approach which recognizes that the values in science express socio-cultural conditioning of science, and becomes the determining factor in philosophy of social and humanitarian knowledge. Keywords: axiology, value, cognition, meaning, social and humanitarian cognition, truth as a value
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Ivlyeva, Y. N., D. G. Shormanbayeva, О. М. Khmelnitskaya, and M. A. Seydinova. "SOCIOCULTURAL METHODOLOGY AS A THEORETICAL BASIS ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN SOCIETY." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 75, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-3.1728-8940.01.
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This article attempts to explicate the socio-cultural aspect as a general methodological tool that will allow making an integral analysis of modern society. The possibility of using the methodological potential of the sociocultural approach to analyze the process of change in modern society, which is increasingly called informational and communicative, is considered. This concept of the information society functions and creates social ideals and values that are widely discussed in the social and human sciences within the framework of a social and cultural approach. Analysis of the information society is a multidisciplinary field of research, and sociocultural analysis is designed to answer important questions: in what direction and for what purpose is the social situation developing and what is the axiological component of this process? The synthesizing nature of the sociocultural analysis of the information society shows the direction of predicting its subsequent advance, the search for new normative concepts that suggest the possibility of localizing this process in a socially desirable channel, while ignoring both excessive optimism and extreme pessimism.
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Otero-González, Uxía. "Gender Labor Policies in the Franco Dictatorship (1939–75): The Discursive Construction of Normative Femininity." Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 196–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jnmlp-2020-0010.
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Abstract This article analyzes the labor gender policies and the strategies of “genderization” put forward by the Franco Dictatorship in Spain. The Franco regime understood that women were the touchstone of society and key in both biological and sociocultural reproduction. Legislative regulations and sanctioned discourses accentuated the division between productive-public and reproductive-domestic spheres, relegating women to the latter. Nevertheless, to what extent did women embrace and challenge the regime's idealistic view of gender? This article contemplates female employment within and beyond official discourse. Oral sources used in this article suggest that socioeconomic reality overflowed the narrow limits of normative femininity. Not all women could enjoy the “honor” of embodying the exalted role of “perfect (house) wife” that the Franco regime had entrusted to them. In addition, this article explores changes in the ideal of femininity throughout the dictatorship. The Franco regime underwent crucial transformations during its almost 40 years of existence. This article argues that its adaptation had repercussions on sociocultural patterns and gender policies. Francoism built its early notion of normative femininity on the ideals of domesticity and Catholic morality, but (re)shaped the meanings of womanhood and (re)adjusted the legal system to fit the new circumstances that arose in the Cold War context.
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Jankauskiene, Rasa, Migle Baceviciene, Simona Pajaujiene, and Dana Badau. "Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7 (April 5, 2019): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071225.
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The present study aimed to assess the-prevalence of health-compromising eating and physical activity behaviours, and to test their associations with physical activity, internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and body image in a sample of adolescents of both genders. A total sample of 736 adolescents (437 or 59.4% were girls) participated in the study. The participants ranged in age from 16 to 19 years (x = 17.2, SD = 0.6). The sample completed a questionnaire measuring body mass index, the risk of eating disorders, body image, internalisation of sociocultural ideals of appearance, health-compromising eating behaviours (HCEB), and health-compromising weight control related to physical activity behaviours (HCPAB). Logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the study variables and predictors of HCEB and HCPAB. The results of the study showed a relatively high prevalence of HCEB with a significantly higher prevalence in girls and participants with a higher BMI. The study also demonstrated that the prevalence of adolescent HCPAB was higher than HCEB. The internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body image concerns were higher in the HCEB and HCPAB groups. Female gender (OR = 1.88; 95% PI = 1.10–3.18), HCPAB (OR = 1.19; 95% PI = 1.10–1.28), a preoccupation with being overweight (OR = 3.43; 95% PI = 2.52–4.66), and body weight evaluation as too high (OR = 2.40; 95% PI = 1.57–3.68) were significant predictors of HCEB. More frequent physical activity (OR = 3.02; 95% PI = 1.76–5.17), HCEB (OR = 1.22; 95% PI = 1.11–1.32), and perceived pressures to conform to popular beauty ideals (OR = 1.51; 95% PI = 1.12–2.03) predicted higher HCPAB. HCPAB is an important variable associated with adolescents’ body image, physical activity, and weight control. The results of the present study are important for health promotion and education programs addressing adolescents’ healthy lifestyle, weight control, and body image concerns.
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Aksyonova, V. І. "Philosophy of sociocultural meanings in the information system yesterday and today." Науково-теоретичний альманах "Грані" 21, no. 6 (July 5, 2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/171882.
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The relationship of a young person with education and with himself determines the communicative meaning that is addressed in the culture of not only reason, but also the depths of the soul, in order to control the potential of the awareness of the meaning of being. The attitude of a person to the world is determined by symbols and meanings, in order to communicate communicatively in the world and in itself its own purpose.Values determine motivation, in particular, when it comes to corporate solidarity, when you want to do what you have to and should do only what you want. The conflict can be solved in a timely manner when public opinion goes to the quick realization of which – in particular the development of a new humanistic interpretation of the meaning of professional purpose, to which an individual is tied or touches the cadets’ respect for new forms of learning as a specific value. In education, there are several initial (basic) types of value relation of a young person to the world, because he can act as a «future» professional as a «stranger». Culture is the universal way in which a person makes the world his own, transforming it into a «House of Human (meaning) existence». Valuable professionalization, even the whole world, turns communicative ideas into the world of ideals of cultural development of being.The value of the aspect of the professional side of being always manifests the civilization level of information development of humanistic human levers, and far from always they can be expressed rationally: most axiological senses reveal the essence of conscious and unconscious depths of the human soul. But these and other aspects of professionalism can become universal, combining the sole purpose of many carriers of national cultural meanings, and, acting as the basis of their thoughts and feelings. It is such a value that forms the information field of culture in general, influencing the status of national values. Key words: Philosophy, sociocultural space, information society, system of education and upbringing.
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Musaeus, Peter. "MEDICAL IDENTITY: A SOCIO-CULTURAL ANALYSIS." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 3, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v3i2.940.
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Purpose: To examine philosophical stances underpinning medical identity and assess the conceptual relationship between physician, medical practice, and culture.Argument: Medical identity is about the ideals and moral positions that physicians take when justifying themselves. Medical identity is the study of the sociocultural paragons that conceptually underlie the phenomenology of physician’s coming to take themselves as autonomous social agents. The paper relies on Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit and investigates dilemmas pertaining to first objectivist versus subjectivist views and second hedonistic versus sentimentalist approaches to medical identity. The sociocultural philosophical analysis of medical identity can shed light on what it means conceptually for a physician to harbor beliefs associated with her being taken to be an autonomous professional.Conclusion: Medical identity should be analyzed with reference to literature, philosophy, and medical practice in order for the physician to a reflective position, which is both scientifically rational and subjectively meaningful.
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Vodopija-Krstanoviæ, Irena, and Maja Brala-Vukanoviæ. "EFL students' perspectives on English: the (widening) gap between ideals and practices." Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada 12, no. 2 (June 2012): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-63982012000200004.
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This paper is based on a survey into perspectives on the English language conducted in a MA in TEFL program in a Croatian University. In the study we examine non-native student-teachers' attitudes towards English and explore four key issues: a) which varieties of English are preferred, b) how the notion of English as an International Language is conceptualized, c) how attitudes about English inform teaching and learning, and d) to what extent the sociocultural context informs attitudes about English. In the English department, there is no articulated policy toward English, yet there appears to be a strong attachment to native-speaker norms. However, with the internationalization of English and the changing ownership of the language, in recent years, much debate has arisen over the native-speaker ideal (HOLLIDAY, 2005; MCKAY, 2002). The English language is used primarily by non-native speakers to communicate with non-native speakers but it appears that this notion has had little impact on teaching and learning (see JENKINS, 2007). We see this gap as an important, and relatively underexplored issue, which merits more interest in English studies. We conclude that, in this context, perceptions of English are still formed by native-speaker norms, and lack of policy on the English language, in fact, supports native-speaker policy.
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Rousseau, Ann, Rachel F. Rodgers, and Steven Eggermont. "A Biopsychosocial Model for Understanding Media Internalization and Appearance Dissatisfaction Among Preadolescent Boys and Girls." Communication Research 47, no. 3 (November 21, 2017): 346–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650217739996.
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Sociocultural models emphasize the role of media internalization in preadolescents’ appearance dissatisfaction. The present three-wave panel study sought to examine how biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors jointly contribute to preadolescents’ ( N = 973, Mage = 11.15 years) media internalization and appearance dissatisfaction over time. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test a hypothetical model in which media internalization mediated the effect of (a) pubertal timing, (b) media-related conversations with friends, and (c) perceptions of media as a good source of information regarding appearance and attractiveness, on change in appearance satisfaction. The model also examined the protective role of social self-esteem against the internalization of media ideals. For girls, pubertal timing was associated with increases in media internalization over time, directly and indirectly through media information and media-related conversations. For boys, pubertal timing indirectly predicted increases in media internalization over time, through media-related conversations. Media internalization positively predicted body dissatisfaction over time, and vice versa. Social self-esteem did not serve as a buffer against media internalization.
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Aparicio-Martinez, Perea-Moreno, Martinez-Jimenez, Redel-Macías, Pagliari, and Vaquero-Abellan. "Social Media, Thin-Ideal, Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating Attitudes: An Exploratory Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (October 29, 2019): 4177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214177.
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Disordered eating attitudes are rapidly increasing, especially among young women in their twenties. These disordered behaviours result from the interaction of several factors, including beauty ideals. A significant factor is social media, by which the unrealistic beauty ideals are popularized and may lead to these behaviours. The objectives of this study were, first, to determine the relationship between disordered eating behaviours among female university students and sociocultural factors, such as the use of social network sites, beauty ideals, body satisfaction, body image and the body image desired to achieve and, second, to determine whether there is a sensitive relationship between disordered eating attitudes, addiction to social networks, and testosterone levels as a biological factor. The data (N = 168) was obtained using validated surveys (EAT-26, BSQ, CIPE-a, SNSA) and indirect measures of prenatal testosterone. The data was analysed using chi-square, Student’s t-test, correlation tests and logistic regression tests. The results showed that disordered eating attitudes were linked to self-esteem (p < 0.001), body image (p < 0.001), body desired to achieve (p < 0.001), the use of social media (p < 0.001) and prenatal testosterone (p < 0.01). The findings presented in this study suggest a relationship between body image, body concerns, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating attitudes among college women.
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De Paula, Eunice Dias. "Ritual Speech Among Apyãwa (Tapirapé)." Habitus 15, no. 1 (October 18, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18224/hab.v15i1.5903.
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Resumo: o povo indígena Apyãwa (Tapirapé) apresenta um ciclo ritual complexo, sendo que cada ritual caracteriza um evento de fala nos quais os atos de fala assumem funções essenciais. A análise das falas rituais à luz da Etnossintaxe, cujos postulados afirmam que na gramática de uma língua estão presentes os valores culturais e os ideais que organizam a vida de uma determinada sociedade, mostraram que a palavra tarywa ‘alegria’, usada para definir os rituais, evidencia um estado de ânimo peculiar aos Apyãwa, normalmente alegres e bem-humorados. Ademais, os rituais aproximam os atuais Apyãwa de seus ancestrais e dos Axyga, espíritos com os quais interagem através da oferta de cantos e alimentos, buscando bem-estar social para todos.
Palavras-chave: Rituais. Eventos de Fala. Valores socioculturais. Povo Indígena Apyãwa
Abstract: The indigenous people Apyãwa (Tapirapé) present a complex ritual cycle, each ritual featuring a speech event in which the speech act takes on essential functions (Hymes, 1974, 1986). In light of Ethnosyntax (ENFIELD, 2002), which assumes that in the grammar of a language cultural values and ideals that organize the life of a given society are present, the analysis of ritual speech showed that the word tarywa, 'joy', used to define the rituals shows a state of mind peculiar to the Apyãwa who are usually cheerful and humorous. Moreover, the rituals connect the current Apyãwa to their ancestors and to the Axyga, spirits with whom they interact by offering songs and food, seeking well-being for everyone.
Keywords: Rituals. Speech event. Sociocultural values. Indigenous people Apyãwa.
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Baceviciene, Migle, Rasa Jankauskiene, and Vaiva Balciuniene. "Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4) in a Student Sample." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030932.
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The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4) is one of the most broadly used self-report tools that assess the general role of sociocultural influences on body image and appearance-related internalization. The present study aimed to examine the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the Lithuanian version of the SATAQ-4 (LT-SATAQ-4), as a screening self-report instrument for assessing the role of sociocultural influences on body image. A mixed-gender sample (N = 1850) of undergraduate students (88.7%) and graduate students (11.3%) from different state universities and colleges participated in this study (average age 21.6 ±5.0). The students completed a self-report online questionnaire. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for assessing test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the Lithuanian Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (LT-SATAQ-4) was studied performing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and then confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The mean scores for the LT-SATAQ-4 subscales ranged from 1.6 ± 0.9 (Pressure subscale: Peers) to 2.7 ± 1.2 (Internalization subscale: Thin/Low Body Fat). Test-retest reliability was good to excellent for the general and subscale scores (0.85–1.00) except for the Pressure subscale: Peers (0.60). The original 5-factor structure was confirmed by EFA and CFA. Good to excellent internal consistency for each subscale (attempted 0.9 and more) and for the LT-SATAQ-4 global scale (0.91) was obtained. The LT-SATAQ-4 scores had adequate concurrent validity with the measures of the body image, disordered eating, self-esteem, and body mass index. The results support the psychometric properties of the LT-SATAQ-4 and its’ use in Lithuanian student samples. The Lithuanian SATAQ-4 is a useful measure to examine the pressures to internalize appearance ideals in Lithuanian-speaking samples of young individuals.
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Prokopovych, Lada. "Reflecting the theatralization of life in the prospects of transhumanism." EUREKA: Social and Humanities, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.001972.
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The crisis state of society at the beginning of the 21st century is increasingly described as chaos. At the same time, the desire of people to theatricalization of many types of their activities remains unchanged. This gives grounds to consider the theatricality of being as a sociocultural constant, immanently inherent in humanity. The fact that it persists even during periods of cardinal changes, social transformations, civilizational shifts, breaking cultural stereotypes, destruction of traditional institutions and discreditation of established ideals can be explained by the fact that theatricalization of life allows people to cope with sociopsychological discomfort and existential fears, caused by the feeling of total chaos. At the same time, people are faced with the problem of increasingly complex self-identification, which is largely facilitated by the ideas of transhumanism, which actively shatter the already weak notions of what a human being is. One of the approaches to solving this scientific problem is proposed to consider human activity in the context of theatricality of being.
The purpose of the article is to comprehend the practice of theatricalization of various types of human activity in the context of the ideas of transhumanism. The methodological strategy of this research is based on the concept of theatricality of socio-communicative manifestations of culture. Analysis of the theoretical material showed that in the conditions of transhumanism, the development of criteria that make it possible to determine whether a human is still a human or has already turned into something else becomes an urgent task. One of these markers is proposed to consider the desire of a human to theatricalization of various types of their activities. Being one of the sociocultural constants immanently inherent in humanity, theatricality will be present in people's lives as long as they remain human, as long as they feel the need to articulate their social communication.
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Chang, Jiang, Hailong Ren, and Qiguang Yang. "A virtual gender asylum? The social media profile picture, young Chinese women’s self-empowerment, and the emergence of a Chinese digital feminism." International Journal of Cultural Studies 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2016): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877916682085.
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This article applies the framework of critical discourse analysis to the in-depth interviews of 73 young Chinese women residing in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. It examines their discursive practices of choosing and editing their profile pictures on social media, which is in turn placed in the unique sociocultural context of contemporary China for interpretation. This article argues that Chinese women’s self-empowerment through using social media is derived not from a straightforward struggle against the patriarchy or for woman power, but from a gentle, rational yet resolute stance that incorporates a new female identity into the ‘harmonious society’ enshrined in Confucian ideals, thus creating a new digital feminism with Chinese characteristics.
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Francisco, Rita, Paola Espinoza, Marcela L. González, Eva Penelo, Marisol Mora, Rocío Rosés, and Rosa M. Raich. "Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating among Portuguese and Spanish adolescents: The role of individual characteristics and internalisation of sociocultural ideals." Journal of Adolescence 41 (June 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.02.004.
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You, Sukkyung, and Kyulee Shin. "Sociocultural Influences, Drive for Thinness, Drive for Muscularity, and Body Dissatisfaction among Korean Undergraduates." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 21, 2020): 5260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145260.
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For many years, body dissatisfaction was considered a western phenomenon, and was studied mostly in Caucasian women. Recent studies, however, suggest that these issues are also present in men and in other ethnic groups. This research investigated the differential effects of various sociocultural pressures transmitted from the media, one’s parents, and one’s peers on the drives for thinness and muscularity, and body dissatisfaction among 1125 Korean college students (56% male) using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that, after controlling for body mass index and exercise, media pressures exerted the largest effects on participants’ body ideals and, in turn, body dissatisfaction across both genders (β = 0.44, and 0.30, p < 0.05, for females and males, respectively). This study’s results also indicate that there are considerable gender differences in this relationship. Specifically, the results show that parental and media pressure had significant indirect relationships with body dissatisfaction via the drive for thinness among females, while peer and media pressures had significant indirect relationships with body dissatisfaction via the drive for muscularity among males. As body dissatisfaction is known to significantly affect an individual’s mental and physical health, future research needs to identify relevant influential factors in this area, as well as the paths they have leading to increased body dissatisfaction.
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Javaid, Omar. "The Principles of a Circular Economy in the Light of Islamic Values and Beliefs." Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 12, no. 1 (June 7, 2022): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.121.12.
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The model of circular economy, inspired from the circular nature of the ecosystem, has emerged as an environmentally sustainable alternative against the contemporary environmentally destructive model of organizing the economy. However practical progress toward a circular economy is perhaps obstructed by the ideals and values of capitalism which encourage accumulation and competition for self-interest. So in contrast to the values and ideals of capitalism, this research paper takes the position that Islamic beliefs and values – where the Muslims are expected to view themselves as stewards toward nature, where wastage is a sin, where sharing and cooperating are highly encouraged – may act as facilitators in transition toward circularization and subsequent conservation of the natural environment. Keeping in view the criticality of the environmental crisis, it is perhaps urgently necessary to highlight the shortcomings of the capitalist values and ideals in contrast with the advantages of Islamic beliefs and values for the purpose of bringing the sociocultural and economic transformation necessary to avert the collapse of the ecosystem. Policy makers concerned with the preservation of the ecosystem can therefore engage the religious scholarship to convince the business community and the general public to consider economic circularization as a religious responsibility in the light of the analysis and recommendations put forward in this paper.
Keywords: Circular-economy, Social Embeddedness, Gift Economy, Environmental Crisis, Environmental Sustainability
JEL Classifications: A13, D91, E71, Q54, M14, Z1, Z12
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Logren, Aija, Johanna Ruusuvuori, and Jaana Laitinen. "Peer responses to self-disclosures in group counseling." Text & Talk 39, no. 5 (September 25, 2019): 613–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-2042.
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Abstract Drawing on conversation analysis, this study examines how peers respond to each other’s self-disclosures in group counseling interaction. Responses that display sharing and recognition of the experience normalize the experience and build an alliance among group members. This way, responses bring about social support. In addition, responses can offer a different perspective on the views presented in self-disclosures. The responses endorse or challenge the claims that are made and the stance taken in the initial self-disclosure, and link the personal, individual experience to general axioms. The implicit ways of responding to a self-disclosure allow a person to participate in a conversation about intimate and potentially delicate topics without revealing private details. Through self-disclosures and responses to them, participants talk into being the ideals of health counseling and healthy lifestyle: What kind of activities are considered eligible and attainable. The relation of these practices to the institutional goal is intricate. It builds on, first, the stance taken in the self-disclosure toward the institutional goal and the sociocultural values pertaining to it, and second, the responses’ alignment with that stance and what kind of values and ideals it further evokes.
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N. Ivanenko, I., G. M. Nikitin, and T. A. Mokhovaya. "ONTOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE INTER-GENERATED DISCOURSE IN THE MODERN INFORMATION SOCIETY." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 6 (December 22, 2019): 906–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76136.
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Purpose of the study: The article is devoted to understanding the problems of intergenerational discourse and its transformation in ontological and sociocultural reality. The paper substantiates the need to maintain the mechanism of accumulation and reproduction of the experience of ancestors. It is shown that the violation of the transfer of knowledge and traditions leads to the distortion or disappearance of universal cultural codes.
Methodology: In this article, cultural, demographic, and psychological approaches are used to study the ontological and sociocultural foundations of intergenerational discourse. It is necessary to show the influence of historical and socio-cultural transformations on the characteristics of interaction between generations, to determine the form of transfer and assimilation of experience within the family, to demonstrate the socially significant consequences of the demographic revolution in the modern information society.
Main Findings: Having outlined only a few reasons for the intergenerational discourse in the field of translation of sociocultural experience, it can be noted that their combination forms the layer of human life in which historically determined values and ideals of human society are realized, methods of accumulation and transfer of experience that are unique for each historical era, new methods communications.
Applications of this study: Research results can be applied in the course of social psychology (today, young people are literally imposed a radical cultural gap with previous generations), social philosophy, cultural studies (the form of transfer of experience within the family) and even demography (large-scale changes in human society, with the destruction of human social instincts).
Novelty/Originality of this study: As the initial task of the study, it is supposed to identify historical and sociocultural changes in the field of translation and appropriation of experience, to conduct a cultural analysis that gives a clear idea of the evolution of the methods of interaction between generations. An interdisciplinary approach involves a wider coverage of existing concepts and shows that the patterns of development of human society cannot be reduced only to biological, economic or socio-cultural patterns.
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Yakovleva, I. V. "Features and Prospects of Russian Education: Specifics of Socio-Philosophical Reflection." Discourse 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2022-8-3-29-40.
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Introduction. The purpose of the article is to identify its features and prospects in Russian education, which is possible through the study of educational goals, values, ideals in philosophical and axiological coverage and reflection of modern socio-cultural realities as a reflection of changes in the educational space.Methodology and sources. The main values and goals of education are analyzed using the axiology of education, based on the methodological framework of the traditional categories of “education as a value” and “values of education”. The problem of developing a new concept of "educational ideal" is discussed.Results and discussion. The sociocultural process of qualitative changes in the phenomenology of social and individual self-consciousness relates to a greater extent to value coordinates: massovization and individualization (personalization) of the educational space, due to the understanding of “education as a value” (general level) and “values of education” (individual level); free value-oriented institutionalization; and efficiency for all (understanding that the sufficiency or insufficiency of education is determined by the individual himself). The ideal matrix of social and individual value aspirations in getting an education focuses on the problem of ideas about the educational ideal as a philosophical and axiological reflection. The educational model of a person, determined by the structure and nature of the relationship between education and the state, industry, science, culture, family and other public recreations, is more focused on the principle of free institutionalization of the individual.Conclusion. A constructive reorientation of subjectivity in education from the state-educational paradigm to the free institutionalization of the individual in the educational space is real within the framework of the discussion and new interpretation of the categories “education as a value” and “the value of education”.
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Chafi, Essaid, and Elmostapha Elkhouzai. "Reculturing Pedagogical Practice: Probing Teachers’ Cultural Models of Pedagogy." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.5n.1p.78.
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A number of educational reform attempts, chief among which are pedagogy by objectives, competency-based approach, and pedagogy of integration, have been made to establish pedagogical reform in Moroccan public primary school. However, results have not been up to par. Failure of school reform has been largely rationalized in terms of technical problems associated with innovation delivery system. By adopting a “technicist” stance towards issues of pedagogical reform, decision makers and curriculum developers have paid a scant attention to the fact that pedagogical innovations are social constructions, and as such value-laden. The institutionalization of pedagogical frameworks import has so far failed to take into account the local sociocultural meanings. A close look into our classrooms shapes an understanding why prevailing traditional practices persist in spite of the progressive ideals advocated in reform packages. Pedagogy is more than techniques; it is deeply embedded in the sociocultural context. Upgrading pedagogical practice requires a sociocultural approach in which the nature of the cultural perspective of pedagogy is recognized and failure of pedagogical reform is also sought in the workings of the enveloping social structure. Such a cultural undertaking of pedagogy can be fulfilled by probing teachers’ cultural models of pedagogy. Without proper examination and understanding of teachers’ conceptualization of pedagogy and how it reflects on classroom practice, it will be difficult to determine an appropriate focus for pedagogical reform. Therefore, the study of teachers’ cultural models of pedagogy has the potential to provide reflective insight into many facets of teachers’ thinking and practice. Attentiveness to cultural models of pedagogy can lead and enlighten educational practice towards directions that current research has not explored yet.
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Langdon, Jody, Paul Rukavina, and Christy Greenleaf. "Predictors of obesity bias among exercise science students." Advances in Physiology Education 40, no. 2 (June 2016): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00185.2015.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate particular psychosocial predictors of obesity bias in prehealth professionals, which include the internalization of athletic and general body ideals, perceived media pressure and information, and achievement goal orientations. Exercise science undergraduate students ( n = 242) filled out a survey containing questions of demographic characteristics, achievement goals, social-cultural attitudes toward appearance (using Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3), and obesity bias measurements (using the antifat attitudes test and fat phobia scale). The results indicated that students were explicitly biased toward overweight and obese individuals, held had high task and ego goals, and had high internalization of an athletic body type ideal, as determined by mean scores being above the median values for each scale. Internalization of the athletic body type predicted obesity bias for fat phobia, weight control blame, and physical/romantic attractiveness. In conclusion, exercise science students may enter programs socialized from society and sport, and, potentially, these psychosocial attitudes and beliefs may have implications to working with future clients, especially for those of the general population and those whose body shape and size are different than themselves.
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Castillo Rangel, Irais, Santos Solano Nortes, Patricia Prieto Silva, Aida Margarita Rodríguez Rodríguez, and Ana Rosa Sepúlveda García. "Mexican validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-3) in men undergraduate students / Validación mexicana del Cuestionario de Actitudes Socioculturales hacia la Apariencia (SATAQ-3) en estudiantes universitarios varones." Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios/Mexican Journal of Eating Disorders 10, no. 2 (November 25, 2021): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fesi.20071523e.2019.2.566.
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AbstractThe Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) is one of the instruments used to measure the influence of mass media on adolescents, and is a useful instrument that has been widely applied in different countries and translated to many languages. The present study is the first validation of the Mexican version of the SATAQ-3 with a male college student sample. A total of 148 students participated in the study (M = 19.1, SD = 2.14). A principal axis factor analysis was used to evaluate the scale, yielding a poor result, due to the formation of an extra factor with reverse-keyed items. Therefore, reversed key items were removed and a second analysis was conducted. After removing reverse-key items, a four-factor structure was obtained: Pressures, Internalization-general, Internalization-athletic, and Information. The internal consistency obtained for SATAQ-3 was satisfactory (α = .81), however, it was slightly lower than the original. Regarding the concurrent validation, the SATAQ-3 presented significant correlations with body dissatisfaction, social perfectionism and psychological distress. SATAQ-3 is an appropriate instrument to measure the internalization of aesthetic ideals and acceptance, among male college students in Mexico.ResumenUno de los cuestionarios más utilizados para medir la influencia de los medios de comunicación es el Cuestionario de Actitudes Socioculturales hacia la Apariencia (SATAQ-3), el cual ha sido traducido a varias lenguas y aplicado en distintos países. El presente estudio constituye la primera validación mexicana del SATAQ-3 en varones. Participaron 148 estudiantes universitarios (M = 19.1, DE = 2.14). Para evaluar la escala se realizó un análisis factorial de ejes principales, obteniendo inicialmente un resultado pobre, dada la formación de un factor extra con los ítems con redacción inversa. Por esta razón dichos ítems fueron removidos y se condujo un segundo análisis que derivó una estructura de cuatro factores: Presión, Interiorización general, Interiorización atlética, e Información. La consistencia interna del SATAQ-3 fue satisfactoria (α = .81), sin embargo fue un poco menor a la obtenida de la escala original. Respecto a la validación concurrente, el SATAQ-3 presentó correlaciones significativas con la insatisfacción corporal, el perfeccionismo social y el malestar psicológico. El SATAQ-3 es un instrumento apropiado para medir la interiorización de los ideales estéticos y su aceptación en estudiantes universitarios varones mexicanos.
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Guidinger, Claire, Shijing Zhou, Kylie Rothhouse, and Nichole R. Kelly. "Adherence to cultural values and the internalization of sociocultural appearance ideals are associated with exercise dependence symptoms in Asian/Asian American men." Eating Behaviors 40 (January 2021): 101450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101450.
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Erokhina, Tatiyana I., and Aleksandra A. Korovkina. "Evolution of the Hercules image in soviet animation." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 2, no. 125 (2022): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2022-2-125-206-212.
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The concept of heroic is an integral part of the mythosystem and ideological constructs characteristic of the culture of a particular period. In Soviet culture, the heroic is modeled and promoted through artistic images that reproduce the ideals of the Soviet state. A special role in the concept of heroic is given to the image of a hero who reflects the ideals of society and broadcasts a pattern of behavior that meets the picture of the world characteristic of culture. Based on the traditions of the Greek mythosystem, Soviet culture transforms ideas about the heroic and hero in accordance with ideological attitudes. The article analyzed the evolution of the image of Hercules in the Soviet animation in two periods: the period of «stagnation» and the period of «perestroika». The authors turn to the cycles of animated films created based on the Greek mythology by directors A. G. Snezhko-Blotsky and A. A. Petrov. Focusing on the plot basis and interpretation of Greek myths presented by A. G. Snezhko-Blotsky, the authors note the glorification of the image of Hercules, which differs from the concept of heroic, presented in the Greek mythosystem. The image of Hercules acquires a synthetic character, combining the features of the heroes of Greek mythology and Soviet culture, the tragic character of the heroic is emphasized, the mythological chronotope acquires historical features. Analyzing the cycle of cartoons created by A. A. Petrov, the authors focus on the evolution of the concept of heroic, which loses scale and loses its dominant character. Heroic is replaced by lyrical, psychologism and universal human problems come to the fore, not burdened with ideological connotations. The article notes the influence of sociocultural processes on the meaningful constructs of the Soviet mythosystem, which lead to a change in cultural codes and their representation in domestic animation.
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Kakuru, Doris. "TOWARDS A LOCALIZED UNDERSTANDING OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN AFRICA." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 13, no. 2-3 (September 15, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs132-3202221029.
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Despite global and African continental efforts to curb violence against children (VAC), it is the fourth leading cause of death for young people aged 15 to 19 in Africa, according to a 2021 UNICEF report. In introducing this special issue on VAC in Africa, I contend that violence prevention and response efforts ought to be situated in local understandings of how violence is inflicted and experienced. Sociocultural and political ideals and values present in Africa nurture an atmosphere in which adults exercise power over children’s lives and can inflict harm upon them if they choose. Age-based power (adultism) facilitates VAC. Therefore, this special issue is underpinned by childism as a framework for challenging adultism in an effort to achieve a contextualized understanding of VAC in Africa, and how best to respond to and ultimately prevent it.
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Anderson, Carlin M., Trent A. Petrie, and Craig S. Neumann. "Psychosocial Correlates of Bulimic Symptoms Among NCAA Division-I Female Collegiate Gymnasts and Swimmers/Divers." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 33, no. 4 (August 2011): 483–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.33.4.483.
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In this study, we tested Petrie and Greenleaf’s (2007) model of bulimic symptoms in two independent samples of female collegiate swimmers/divers and gymnasts. Structural equation modeling revealed support for the model, although it also suggested additional pathways. Specifically, general societal pressures regarding weight and body were related to the internalization of those ideals and, subsequently, to increases in body dissatisfaction. Pressures from the sport environment regarding weight and appearance were associated with more body dissatisfaction and more restrictive eating. Body dissatisfaction was related to more feelings of sadness, anger, and fear among the athletes. Negative affect, body dissatisfaction, and dietary restraint were related directly to bulimic symptoms, accounting for 55-58% of its variance. These results suggest that general sociocultural pressures are influential, but weight and appearance pressures in the sport environment may be even more pervasive and negative for female athletes.
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Bonilla Medina, Sandra Ximena, and Yolanda Samacá Bohórquez. "Modern and Postmodern Views of Education that Shape EFL Mentoring in the Teaching Practicum." Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 22, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487085.14576.
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Educational settings are now characterised by ethnic, cultural, linguistic, sociocultural and epistemological diversity. This article analyses epistemological diversity as an important factor in shaping teacher education programmes. This involved exploring how teacher-educators and student-teachers align themselves or negotiate modern and postmodern views of education. The research employed a narrative analysis-based on a qualitative methodology to discuss the effects of modern and postmodern views of knowledge construction and pedagogical action during the English Teaching practicum at a state university in Bogota. The findings suggest that, even though teacher-educators and student-teachers position themselves with discourses of generational change regarding conceptions of knowledge construction, there is a tendency to shape practices based on the ideals of fixed-defined generations (e.g. old, young) who have fixed views of education (old/traditional, young/contemporary) which consequently give particular shapes to pedagogical actions.
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Maslikova, I. I. "POLYFUNCTIONALITY AND CULTURAL VALUE OF PUBLIC SPACE: HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL STUDY OF AN URBAN SQUARE." UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, no. 2 (5) (2019): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2019.2(5).16.
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The article explores changes in the organization and functioning of public space in cities in the context of sociocultural dynamics – from antiq- uity to modernшен. The sociocultural features of open urban space in ancient Greece and Rome, Renaissance Italy, modern Europe, the USA, Latin America, Ukraine are clarified. The experience of the functioning and management of public space is analyzed on specific examples of world- famous urban squares – Antique agora, roman forum, piazza del Campo in Siena, piazza della Signoria in Florence, piazza San Marco in Venice, Union Square in New York, Latin American squares, Bibikovsky boulevard and University park in old Kyiv, "Maydan" – Independence Square in contemporary Kyiv. Particular attention is being given to transformations of ceremonial, religious, recreational, economic, political, aesthetic and moral functions of open public space. Urban squares are places for official celebrations and religious rituals. They serves as a place of a rest, reali- zation of creative ideas and are a conductor of public communication. Public spaces create opportunities for trade, affect the formation and reten- tion of real estate prices, and are a means of attracting investment and business development in them and adjacent territories. All these provide opportunities for uniting citizens for joint projects and activities, political protests or symbolization of power. It is noted that the cultural value of the modern square is manifested in architectural forms, aesthetics of recreational areas and historical monuments, and is associated with its ability to be a place for the proclamation and implementation of high moral ideals of order, equality, solidarity, freedom, independence, human dignity, the value of moral rights and civic virtues. From the time of antiquity to the present day, the central squares of cities, as a public space, reproduce the aesthetics of the city and become a symbol of spiritual and political power, since temples, municipalities, financial and commercial institutions, theaters, and restaurants are often concentrated in such spaces.
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Miao, Melissa, Maria R. Dahm, Julie Li, Judith Thomas, and Andrew Georgiou. "Managing Uncertainty During the Communication of Diagnostic Test Information Between Patients and Clinicians in Australian Emergency Care." Qualitative Health Research 30, no. 8 (April 4, 2020): 1287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732320913037.
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We sought (a) an inductive understanding of patient and clinician perspectives and experiences of the communication of diagnostic test information and (b) a normative understanding of the management of uncertainty that occurs during the clinical encounter in emergency care. Between 2016 and 2018, 58 interviews were conducted with patients and nursing, medical, and managerial staff. Interview data were sequentially analyzed through an inductive thematic analysis, then a normative theory of uncertainty management. Themes of “Ideals,” “Service Efficiency,” and “Managing Uncertainty” were inductively identified as influencing the communication of diagnostic test information. A normative theory of uncertainty management highlighted (a) how these themes reflected the interaction’s sociocultural context, encapsulated various criteria by which clinicians and patients evaluated the appropriateness and effectiveness of their communication, and represented competing goals during the clinical encounter, and (b) how systemic tensions between themes accounted for when diagnostic test information communication occurred, was deferred or avoided.
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Baker-Doyle, Kira J., Michiko Hunt, and Latricia C. Whitfield. "Learning to fall forward." International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 35, no. 5 (November 5, 2018): 310–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-05-2018-0053.
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PurposeConnected learning is a framework of learning principles that centers on fostering educational equity through leveraging social technologies and networking practices to connect students with opportunities, people and resources in communities within and beyond their classroom walls (Itoet al., 2013). The framework has been adopted and developed in K-12 education by teachers in professional development networks and introduced to some teacher education programs through these networks. Practitioners of connected learning frequently refer to the need for “courage” to develop and introduce connected learning-based practices in their classrooms. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors investigate “courage” through a sociocultural lens in the case studies of six educators in a teacher education course on connected learning. The study examines the social contexts and activities that fostered acts of courage during their 14-week course.FindingsThe authors found that personal reflection on freedom and equity, two ethical concepts raised by the connected learning framework, seeded acts of courage. The acts of courage appeared as small acts that built upon themselves toward a larger goal that related to the participants’ ethical ideals. Three types of social activity contexts helped to nurture these acts: seeking models of possibility, mediated reinvention and “wobbling.”Research limitations/implicationsThis study helps to uncover some of the questions that connected learning scholars and practitioners have about why courage is so central, and how to cultivate courageous acts of pedagogical change.Practical implicationsThe theoretical framework used in this study, courage from a sociocultural perspective, may serve to help scholars and teacher educators to shape their research and program designs.Social implicationsThis study offers insights into patterns of networked teacher-led educational change and the social contexts that support school-level impacts of out-of-school professional networking.Originality/valueUsing a sociocultural conception of courage to investigate connected learning in teacher education, this study demonstrates how equity and freedom, central values in the connected learning framework, serve as key concepts driving teachers’ risk-taking, innovation and change.
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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "(Un)Becoming a Fitness Doper: Negotiating the Meaning of Illicit Drug Use in a Gym and Fitness Context." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 44, no. 1 (August 17, 2019): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723519867589.
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The widespread availability of doping and its growing prevalence among fitness groups has contributed greatly to the realization of an emergent public health issue. Emanating from an ethnographic study in Sweden, the purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the processes involved in becoming and “unbecoming” a fitness doping user. The study employs a cultural and sociological perspective as its theoretical framework and discusses how the participating users gradually develop their knowledge about the drugs and how the process of becoming a user is negotiated in relation to ideas and ideals concerning health, gender, and individual freedom and Swedish law. Regarding exit processes, (re)entering into what is perceived to be an ordinary “normal” life was seldom a straightforward process. To understand the complex and sometimes complicated transition processes involved in becoming respectively unbecoming a fitness doper, the results highlight the limitations of using stage models for understanding exit process as heuristic tools. Furthermore, the article argue for the necessity to investigate the negotiations of fitness doping, taking place in the intersection between subcultural affiliations/spaces, doping legislation, and mainstream perceptions of living a “Normal” life. It is argued that processes of (un)becoming a fitness doper are anything but linear and thus need to be understood in relation to sociocultural belonging and ongoing negotiation of the individual’s sense of self.
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Johansson, Anders. "Negotiating Intelligence, Nerdiness, and Status in Physics Master’s studies." Research in Science Education 50, no. 6 (November 14, 2018): 2419–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11165-018-9786-8.
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AbstractMotivated by widespread concerns for representation and equity in physics education, this study investigates negotiations of identity positions of master’s students in physics. The goal is to explore how sociocultural features of physics can structure the possibilities for becoming a physicist. Interviews with international master’s students in physics were analyzed focusing on perceived norms about physics and how students responded to and negotiated these in crafting a position as competent physicists-to-be. The results show how physics master’s students from varying backgrounds have to negotiate stereotypes of intelligence and nerdiness, as well as an implicit ranking of physics specializations. The stereotype that physicists are intelligent and nerdy is further complicated in physics studies, as some specializations—the more pure and theoretical—are viewed as more intellectually demanding and are in this way accorded a higher status. Students on these specializations are simultaneously seen as more intelligent and more nerdy, while a perception that students who choose other subjects do this just because they are not good enough to do theoretical physics is perpetuated. These notions become significant in relation to western society’s high regard of authentic intelligence and idolization of geniuses, ideas that can serve as powerful ideals in physics. This study gives novel insight about how well-known norms and stereotypes about physics come to matter in physics master’s students’ negotiations to become recognized as competent physicists.
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Formiga, Daniel Henrique Dias, Juan Magalhães Paiva, Karla Cristina dos Santos Ferreira Ataíde Lima, Suelen Cipriano Milhomem Dantas, Ana Alice Torres Sampaio, Glaucia Fernanda Oliveira Martins Batalha, Profa Dra Ana Caroline Amorim Oliveira, et al. "The Presence of Structural Racism in Brazilian Culture and the use of Law as a tool of Domination." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 9, no. 10 (2022): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.910.30.
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The present work is dedicated to the study of elements similar to the oppressive structure of the sociocultural relations developed in the Brazilian society that undertake structural racism and its social stains. Therefore, it is intended to rescue the ideas that postulate the cultural and universal identity, revealing the social forces that act in the construction of the Brazilian cultural framework. For this, the main understandings of authors such as Eric Wolf, Frantz Fanon and Lélia Gonzalez will be explored, who expose the hidden bases of national identity, namely, racism and coloniality, both agents in favor of the imposition of a model of Eurocentric culture designed to exclude the “different” and impose favorable behaviors on dominant groups, while silencing the cultural existence of subjugated peoples, as well as the way in which the Law is used to consolidate these relations of domination. Three topics will be presented in this work aimed at achieving the objective described above: at first, the reflection of culture as discourse, undoing the notion that it would arise spontaneously; then, through the exposition of phenomena resulting from structural racism impregnated in Brazilian culture, as well as the way in which manifestations of black culture are appropriated and silenced; finally, with the analysis of Law as a mechanism of power used by this ideology of domination to impose its ideals on individuals.
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Fin, Thais Caroline, Marilene Rodrigues Portella, and Silvana Alba Scortegagna. "Old age and physical beauty among elderly women: a conversation between women." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 20, no. 1 (February 2017): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.150096.
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Abstract The concern with body care, image, and aesthetics in the context of ideals of beauty is a subject of great interest to people. A descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach was carried out with a group of 60-year-old women, aiming to discover their perception of physical beauty and the meaning addressed to it in old age. The focus group method was used in data collection and analysis. The results indicated that 60-year-old women recognize beauty based on social standards, even if they are from different sociocultural realities. They establish a judgment of taste based on what they perceive as pleasant to see, feel, and observe. The aesthetic experience of an individual reveals a duality of images that are appreciated and depreciated, while beauty in old age means caring for oneself and one's relationships. The results offer evidence for health professionals in the structuring of therapeutic plans and educational actions focused on the aging process, especially in a female context.