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Collins, Lee. "The role of sociocultural dimensions in innovation systems : the Gulf Cooperation Council." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2013. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/17745/.
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This research investigates the role of sociocultural dimensions in increasing national innovative capacity. While literature focuses on other determinants of innovation output, such as the stock of knowledge and resources dedicated to R&D, dimensions of a cultural nature have yet to be adequately addressed. The investigation examines sociocultural factors in natural resource-rich countries where the urgency to survive is not the primary driver in achieving economic growth. Oil-rich GCC countries, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, have made significant investment in education and information and communications technology to develop their economies. The primary focus in developing the economies has shifted to increasing innovative capacity. This study attempts to determine other factors that need to be in place to achieve increased innovative capacity as measured by new-to-the world knowledge and innovation. Endogenous growth theory and national innovation systems provide the theoretical base for the investigation. A deductive approach will be used to produce hypotheses that will be tested quantitatively, using existing indicators for sociocultural dimensions. Five sociocultural dimensions were found to be significant in innovative capacity when tested in leading innovator countries (Germany, Japan, Sweden, Switzerland, United States), emerging innovator countries (Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Korea), and GCC countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates) as a whole. However, three of the dimensions, Openness to Outside Influences, and Adaptability were unexpectedly inversely proportional to innovative capacity. More precise measurements and further research are required.
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Reia, Sandro Martinelli. "Atividade, transição de fase e efeito de mídia em um modelo sociocultural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-12022016-032647/.
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A existência de opiniões distintas em uma sociedade na qual indivíduos interagem constantemente atraiu o interesse de cientistas sociais e físicos estatísticos. Em 1997, Robert Axelrod propôs um modelo vetorial para o estudo da formação de domínios culturais diferentes em uma rede de agentes interagentes. Nesse modelo, os agentes são representados por um vetor de F componentes em que cada componente assume um dentre Q estados inteiros. O modelo apresenta uma transição de um estado monocultural (ordenado) para um estado multicultural (desordenado) que tem sido estudada na literatura através de parâmetros de ordem tais como o tamanho relativo do maior domínio cultural (S) e a fração de domínios culturais diferentes (g). Desde então, propriedades como robustez à introdução de ruídos, à variação de topologia e à introdução de campos local, global e externo foram investigadas. Nosso trabalho está organizado em três partes principais. Na primeira, apresentamos a proposta de novas medidas baseadas no conceito de atividade por agente para o estudo do modelo de Axelrod na rede quadrada. Mostramos que a variância da atividade do sistema (A) pode ser usada para indicar os pontos de transição e que sua distribuição de frequência pode indicar a ordem da transição. Na segunda, estimamos o diagrama de fases no plano (F,Q) e comparamos resultados obtidos em redes com condição de contorno aberta e fechada. Para isso, utilizamos as susceptibilidades dos parâmetros de ordem S e A para determinar os valores críticos Qc(F) para alguns valores de F. Na terceira, analisamos a formação de domínios culturais com a introdução de agentes persistentes para modelar efeitos de mídia interna. Nossos resultados revelam uma dependência de Qc com a probabilidade de ocupação p de agentes persistentes que nos permite obter o diagrama de fases no plano (p,Q). Interpretamos a linha crítica como resultado da competição de duas forças opostas (denominadas efeito de barreira e efeito de ligação) causadas por agentes não-persistentes que aderem aos persistentes.The existence of different opinions in a society where individuals constantly interact has attracted the interest of social scientists and statistical physicists. In 1997, Robert Axelrod proposed a vectorial model to study the formation of cultural domains in a network of interacting agents. In this model, the agents are represented by a F components vector in which one from Q integer states is assigned to each component. The model presents a transition from a monocultural state (ordered) to a multicultural one (disordered) that has been studied by using order parameters such as the relative size of the biggest cultural domain (S) and the fraction of different domains (g). Since then, some properties as the robustness to the introduction of noise, to the variation of topology and to the introduction of local, global and external fields were studied. Our work is organized in three main parts. In the first part we present the proposal of new measurements based on the concept of activity per agent to study the Axelrod\'s model in a square lattice. We show the variance of system\'s activity (A) can be used to indicate the transition points and that the system\'s activity frequency distribution can be used to indicate the order of the transition. In the second part we estimate the phase diagram in the (F,Q) plane and compare the results obtained from simulations performed in lattices with open and closed boundary conditions. For this purpose, we use the susceptibility of order parameters S and A to determine the critical values Qc(F) for some values of F. In the third part we analyze the formation of cultural domains by introducing persistent agents to model effects of internal media. Our results reveal a dependence of Qc on the occupation probability p of persistent agents that allows us to obtain the phase diagram in the (p,Q) plane. We interpret the critical locus as a result of two opposite forces (called barrier effect and bonding effect) caused by non-persistent agents which adhere the persistent ones.
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Parker, Didem. "A Case Study On The Effects Of Sociocultural Context On The Administrative Processes Of An American Elementary / Middle School In Spain." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610494/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study is to gain insight and identify the effects of sociocultural context on the administrative processes of an American Elementary / Middle School in Spain. In this single-case study, a multicultural educational organization, Sevilla Elementary / Middle School was examined using qualitative data which were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Upon identification of the problems of interest, sociocultural context in relation to administrative processes and common problems faced by administrators in multicultural school settings were examined. The school’
s administrative processes including motivation, educational leadership, decision making, communication, and organizational change proved to be influenced by the sociocultural context.
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Feufel, Markus Alexander. "Bounded Rationality in the Emergency Department." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1249241698.
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Onsi, Atousa. "SECONDARY VICTIMIZATION OF RAPE VICTIMS IN IRAN." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24698.
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The aim of the given study is to investigate the impact of the legal as well as the sociocultural systems of Iran on the secondary victimization of rape victims in the country. As a theoretical background of the study, two feminist theories, Feminist criminology and Radical Feminist, will be used. By the help of these theories the influences of patriarchy on secondary victimization of rape victims in Iran will be explained. While case study is used to frame the design of the study, qualitative content analysis will also be used to collect the needed data through analyzing different sources and materials. The findings show that the lack of comprehensive laws regarding rape crime in Iran and the way service providers view and perceive rape victims have led to re-victimization of rape victims. Moreover, analyzing the sociocultural system of the country demonstrated that the prevalence of rape myths and gender inequality in the society have also contributed to re-victimization of such victims. The author believes that establishing new comprehensive laws regarding rape crime and changing the service providers and people’s attitudes regarding rape crime and rape victims through education are the most appropriate solutions for this problem.
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Onitsuka, Yukiko. "Teachers’ Language Choices and Functions in Japanese as a Foreign Language Classroom Instruction." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535704466237068.
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Pinho, Isis da Costa. "A tarefa colaborativa em inglês como língua estrangeira no ambiente virtual." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3326.
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A pesquisa em educação mediada por computador sugere que a tecnologia tem um grande potencial para o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas dentro de uma perspectiva colaborativa, já que potencializa o uso da língua e da tecnologia como fatores de mediação de construção e compartilhamento do conhecimento. Nesse contexto, uma educação de línguas de qualidade deve explorar as potencialidades das ferramentas digitais na promoção da interação social, em que os aprendizes são desafiados a mobilizar e transformar seus recursos linguísticos para construir conhecimento sobre a língua enquanto se esforçam para fazer sentido na língua estrangeira (LE). Assim, esta pesquisa caracteriza-se por ser um estudo de caso que visa investigar a produção de estudantes de graduação em Letras em tarefas colaborativas em inglês como LE em ambiente virtual, focando a mediação no processo de aprendizagem. A fundamentação teórica utilizada consiste de princípios da teoria sociocultural vygotskiana, a teoria dos sistemas complexos, de estudos na área de informática na educação e a pesquisa na aquisição de segunda língua e língua estrangeira. Os participantes dessa pesquisa foram alunos de graduação de Letras/Inglês de uma universidade particular do sul do Brasil. A geração de dados ocorreu em três encontros no laboratório de informática realizados para complementar a disciplina de Inglês 3 com uma sequência de tarefas colaborativas de produção oral através de recursos multimídia e ferramentas digitais online. O espaço virtual utilizado foi o wiki online PBworks por permitir a interação colaborativa e o compartilhamento da produção entre todos seus usuários. As tarefas colaborativas envolveram discussões de vídeos curtos do Youtube em inglês como LE pelos aprendizes a partir de questões de interpretação através da ferramenta de conversa eletrônica Skype. Após cada tarefa, as duplas foram chamadas a ouvir a sua gravação e refletir sobre a sua produção no Skype, a tarefa e a sua aprendizagem, processo colaborativo que foi também gravado. Ainda, no final dos três encontros, os aprendizes responderam a um questionário que procurou investigar as suas percepções sobre as tarefas realizadas e a experiência de uso da tecnologia na aprendizagem da LE. A análise dos dados focou cinco fatores de mediação da aprendizagem de LE, quais sejam, a colaboração, o andaimento, a metafala, a tarefa e a tecnologia. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para os benefícios de tarefas colaborativas apoiadas pela tecnologia para a aprendizagem de inglês como LE ao promover um ambiente de intensa exploração, aplicação e modificação de língua apoiadas pela construção conjunta de conhecimento a partir do foco no erro como oportunidade de aprimoramento da produção. Além disso, observou-se que o uso da tecnologia para aprendizagem de línguas possibilitou que os estudantes visualizassem as possibilidades pedagógicas das ferramentas e recursos para a sua futura prática docente. Finalmente, esta pesquisa pretende prover dados e discussão para a melhoria da pesquisa em Linguística Aplicada, Aquisição de Segunda Língua e Língua Estrangeira e Aprendizagem de Línguas Mediada por Computador, somando-se a estudos sobre tarefas colaborativas sob a perspectiva da teoria sociocultural e da complexidade.
Research on computer-mediated education suggests that technology has a great potential for the teaching and learning of languages from a collaborative perspective, since it enhances the use of language and multimedia as mediational means of construction and sharing of knowledge. Within this context, a quality language education should exploit digital tools’ potentialities in fostering social interaction, in which the learners are challenged to mobilize and transform their linguistic resources to build knowledge about language while they struggle to make meaning in the foreign language. Thus, this research is a case study that aims to investigate the production of undergraduate students in collaborative tasks in English as a foreign language (EFL) in a virtual environment, focusing on the mediation in the learning process. The theoretical framework used in this study consists of vygotskian sociocultural theory principles of learning, complex systems theory, studies in the area of computers in education, and second language and foreign language acquisition reserch. Participants in this study were undergraduate students of Languages/English from a private university in southern Brazil. The data generation was carried out during three classes in the computer lab designed to complement the discipline of English 3 with a series of oral production collaborative tasks through online multimedia resources and digital tools. For the virtual space it was used PBworks wiki as it enables collaborative interaction and sharing of production among all its users. The collaborative tasks envolved EFL chat discussions of Youtube short videos by the learners in pairs based on comprehension questions over Skype. After each task, the dyads were asked to listen to their recordings and reflect on Skype upon their production, the task, and their learning, a collaborative process that was recorded too. Still, in the end of the three classes students answered a questionnaire designed to investigate their perception on the tasks done and the whole experience of using technology to learn a FL. Data analysis focused on five mediational factors of EFL learning, i. e. collaboration, scaffolding, metatalk, task and technology. The results of the present research point to the benefits of collaborative tasks for EFL learning as they fostered an environment of intense exploration, application and modification of language supported by the joint construction of knowledge from focus on error as an opportunity for production improvement. Moreover, it was observed that the use of technology for language learning allowed students to visualize the educational possibilities of tools and resources used for their future teaching practice. Finally, this research intends to provide data and discussion for the improvement of research in Applied Linguistics, Second and Foreign Language Acquisition and Computer-Mediated Language Learning, adding to studies on collaborative tasks from the perspectives of sociocultural and complex systems theory.
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Karlström, Petter. "CALL of the Wild : Using language technology in the second language classroom." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8508.
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Technology that analyzes written human language displays compelling possibilities for computer assisted language learning (CALL). Applications may be designed to examine second language students’ free text production in order to suggest improvements, draw attention to selected linguistic elements, provide examples from native language use, etc. However, language technology is not free from issues. Output from the tools is occasionally inaccurate, and the tools’ emphasis on language structure stands in possible contrast with pedagogies that foreground the social nature of language. These difficulties cannot be resolved by improving technology alone. It is equally important to find out in empirical detail how students handle possibly problematic directions from particular tools, and how tasks and teacher guidance may affect students’ tool usage. This thesis provides detailed analyses of applied CALL activities with a language tool, in order to discern how usage of that particular tool occurs, and how complex interrelationships of tool and context of use direct students. The thesis makes six interrelated contributions, ranging from particular empirical results to implications for general theory and methodology in CALL. On the level of theory, the thesis 1) provides an argument to reintroduce language technology in CALL, and 2) suggests grounding in sociocultural theory for investigating second language classroom CALL as it unfolds. From these standpoints, it 3) develops methodology and empirical studies on the use of a particular tool in the hands of students in class. The studies result in 4) illuminations of problems in use and means to avoid these problems by attending to classroom setting. Returning to general theory, the results provide 5) evidence that the introduction of novel tools demands more than merely providing technology for students and teachers, suggesting 6) a need for more detailed considerations of how CALL tools are introduced to students.
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Vargas, Cervantes Susana. "Alarma!: mujercitos performing gender in a pigmentocratic sociocultural system." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119469.
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This research project examines the photographs of mujercitos and hombrecitas in the exemplary Mexican nota roja periodical Alarma!, from 1963 to 1986. The photographs of mujercitos, "effeminate men" and hombrecitas, "masculine type women" (as defined by Alarma!) are not what one expects from a nota roja periodical. Nota roja is a particular news genre for the narration of violence characterized by its gruesome and cruel photographic content. Within these photographs, mujercitos and hombrecitas are shown posing and taking the center stage of the camera for 23 consecutive years. Through an analysis of how the photographs of mujercitos and hombrecitas featured in the nota roja periodical Alarma! inform and participate in the larger national imaginary in relation to peripheral sexualities in Mexico, my dissertation contends that these photographs work as a site of resistance to and a subversion of many different forms of violence in Mexico. Moreover, this analysis reveals a process of subjectivation and subject identification informed as much by class/skin tonalities as by gender/sex. As such, my dissertation maps some of the zones of tension between the main Anglo North American theories of performative gender/sex within the pigmentocratic sociocultural system of Mexico.Ce projet de recherche s'intéresse aux photographies de mujercitos et de hombrecitas dans le fameux périodique nota roja mexicain, Alarma!, de 1963 à 1986. Les photographies de mujercitos, « hommes efféminées » et hombrecitas « femmes masculines » (définis comme tel dans Alarma!) sont quelque peu inattendu dans un magazine nota roja. La presse nota roja est spécialisé dans une narration sensationnaliste de la violence et se caractérise par un contenu photographique tape-à-l'œil, très cru et souvent morbide. Pourtant ces sexualités périphériques vont s'y mettre en scène et prendre la pose devant l'objectif et pendant 23 années consécutives. A partir d'une analyse sur la manière dont les photographies de mujercitos et hombrecitas publiées dans le périodique de nota roja, Alarma! rendent comptent et participent du large imaginaire des sexualité périphérique au Mexique, ma dissertation soutient que ces photographies fonctionnent comme lieu de résistance et de subversion face à différentes formes de violence au Mexique. En outre, cette analyse révèle un processus de subjectivation et d´identification du sujet, défini aussi bien à partir de la classe social /tonalité de peau que du genre /sexe. De la sorte, ma dissertation cartographie les zones de tensions entre les principales théories nord-américaines et anglophones de genre /sexe performatif avec le système socio-culture de pigmentocratie au Mexique.
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Mason, Mark Daniel. "A Phenomenological Study of Professional Identity Change in Released-time Seminary Teachers." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1289.
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Many practitioners commonly deal with implementing a change that is imposed by an organization. Some imposed changes require practitioners to alter more than what they do in practice but also to change their identity. Many researchers have studied identity change through the lens of sociocultural theory, specifically utilizing communities of practice theory (CoP). However, the majority of these studies used CoP theory as a vehicle to implement the imposed change. Yet some studies have found that after the trial period ends many practitioners revert back to the way they performed in practice prior to the study. One reason for this problem could be that the nature of the change experience that practitioners must undergo is not understood. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to reveal the nature of the change experience of six released-time seminary teachers in response to the adoption of the teaching and learning emphasis (TLE) within the Seminaries and Institutes of Religion (S&I) for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Specifically, the research question was "What is the nature and meaning of the change experience of a sample of released-time seminary teachers who are considered to be effective at learning to understand and implement TLE"? Researching S&I teachers' change experience is important because it may relate not only to the needs of the S&I organization, but also in a broader sense to the nature of the experience of practitioners who undergo an imposed change by the organization for which they work that alters their professional identity. Three central themes were found that represented the nature of the change experience for the sample group. The themes were represented as transformational, sociocultural, and self-reflective change. Each participant's experience varied in the particular details of his individual change experience. Nevertheless, all participants experienced some degree or kind of transformational change within their particular configuration of knowledge, character, and professional practice. Furthermore, all study participants engaged in sociocultural learning practices to facilitate their change. Finally, study participants experienced self-reflective changes.
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Silva, Janiene dos Santos e. "Tendências socioculturais: recorrências simbólicas do espírito do tempo no sistema publicitário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-12012016-103400/.
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Esta tese reflete a busca epistemológica, teórica e metódico-técnica de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi comprovar, utilizando o método de análise semiótica baseado na Teoria Geral dos Signos de C.S.Peirce, que o sistema publicitário (a publicidade nos mais diversos tipos de expressão) pode revelar as tendências socioculturais, por captar e manifestar o espírito do tempo (zeitgeist). Para isso, realizamos a análise semiótica de um corpus composto por diversas peças do sistema publicitário, entendido como um complexo amplo e híbrido no qual se inserem todas as ferramentas de comunicação de marketing (diversos tipos de ações nas mídias tradicionais e mídias sociais) e expressividades de marcas (mascote, embalagem, vitrine etc.). A amostra foi coletada no período de um ano no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos e abrange anúncios publicitários impressos e digitais, audiovisuais (filmes comerciais e vídeos nas redes sociais) outdoors, cartazes e vitrines. O método utilizado foi desenvolvido por Santaella (2000;2002) e Perez (2004) e permitiu que identificássemos as recorrências simbólicas do espírito do tempo que levaram ao diagnóstico de duas macrotendências: \"Pelo Filtro da Realidade\" e \"Mundo Imagético\", concretizando os objetivos da pesquisa e confirmando a hipótese central da tese. Após a análise da amostragem, foi feita uma etapa confirmatória que comparou as tendências identificadas com os relatórios de tendências de três empresas conceituadas na área. Na busca da certeza de que esse método estava em sinergia com o paradigma interpretativista e com os objetivos traçados, apresentamos um capítulo teórico sobre a semiótica peirceana, o que colabora para que o leitor tenha um maior entendimento sobre o método de análise aplicado. O percurso da pesquisa também trouxe a discussão sobre as tendências socioculturais e o conceito hegeliano de zeitgeist, assim como sobre História da Cultura na qual se inclui a cultura do consumo que é uma das características fundamentais da sociedade contemporânea. Este estudo também abordou a publicidade no contexto da contemporaneidade, em que cultura e consumo se unem de forma indissociável. Esta tese também apresenta uma categorização de marcas baseada na teoria da Difusão da Inovação de Rogers (1962), segundo a qual as mesmas podem ser classificadas em \"marcas inovadoras\", que lançam tendência, e \"marcas seguidoras\", que apenas contribuem para a difusão de valores já em trânsito nas dinâmicas sociais. Também as teorias de difusão são contempladas no desenrolar da pesquisa. Além disso, esta tese coloca o consumo como instância privilegiada para a compreensão da sociedade contemporânea, integrando ética e estética por meio de suas manifestações culturais, como o sistema publicitário, que revelam o zeitgeist ou espírito do tempo.This thesis reflects the epistemological theoretical and methodical-technical research aimed to prove that the advertising system (advertising in various types of speech) can reveal the sociocultural trends because it captures and expresses the spirit of time (Zeitgeist). Using the semiotics analysis based on the General Theory of Signs of C.S. Peirce as a qualitative method. For this, we held the semiotics analysis of a corpus analysis (sample) compound of several pieces of the advertising system, understood as a large and hybrid complex where all marketing communication tools (various types of actions in the traditional media and social media) and brand expressiveness (mascot, packaging, store windows, etc.) are located. We selected a sample collected within one year in Brazil and the United States, and that includes print advertising and digital, audiovisual (commercial films and videos on social networks) billboards, posters and shop windows. The method was developed by Santaella (2000; 2002) and Perez (2004) and enabled us to identify the symbolic recurrences of the time spirit that led to the diagnosis of two macro trends, \"By the Reality Filter\" and \"Imaginary World\", concretizing the research objectives and the central hypothesis of the thesis. After analyzing the sample, we did a confirmatory step comparing the trends we identified with trend reports of three respected companies in this field of work.Pursuing to be sure that this was in synergy with the interpretive paradigm and the objectives outlined we present a theoretical chapter about the semiotics developed by Peirce, what contributes to the reader to have a greater understanding of the analysis method used. The route of the research also brought the discussion of sociocultural trends and the Hegelian concept of zeitgeist as well as the History of Culture until reach the consumer culture, one of the fundamental characteristics of contemporary society. This study also addressed advertising in the contemporary context where culture and consumption come together inseparably. This thesis also presents a categorization of brands based on the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (Rogers,1962), according to which they can be classified as \"innovative brands\", which cast trend, and \"followers brands,\" which just adds to the diffusion of values already in transit in social dynamics. Also the diffusion theories are contemplated in the course of the research. In addition, this thesis puts the consumption as the preferred arena for understanding the contemporary society, integrating ethics and aesthetics through its cultural manifestations, such as the advertising system, which reveal the zeitgeist or spirit of the times.
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Johansson, Veronica. "A time and place for everything? : social visualisation tools and critical literacies." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3638.
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The aim of this study is to analyse mutual enactments of critical literacies and social visualisation tools as information resources. The central concept of critical literacies as used here extends and redefines prior critical literacy definitions to denote the pluralistic situated enactments of meaning through which study participants identify, question and transform bias, restrictions and power related aspects of access, control and use in relation to the tools. The study is based on two critical ethnography inspired case studies involving observations, interviews, and contextual inquiry and located in professional settings. Case 1 is centred on how a geographic information system (MapInfo) is used for analysing and preventing traffic accidents. Case 2 is centred on how a dynamic time series animating chart (Trendalyzer) is used for analysing and spreading knowledge about the world’s development. The results demonstrate co-existing critical literacies described in terms of three main directionalities as reactive, proactive, and adaptive, of which the adaptive varieties seem thus far largely overlooked. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that dominant cognitivist and positivist narratives of visualisations should be replaced with more nuanced alternatives that emphasise the potentials of visualisation tools as evocative and non-blackboxed information resources; i.e., as encouraging new questions and allowing alternative analyses, rather than constructing them as enunciative tools providing true answers. As theoretical contributions, the dissertation argues for a conceptualisation of visualisation tools as representational artefacts and a species of documents actuating information organisation related problems of representation. It also presents a new theoretical construct for the analysis and understanding of the mutual shaping of critical literacies and information resources that includes both cultural practices and actor interests through a combination of sociocultural theories on tools and sociotechnical theories on inscriptions.Academic dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Library and
Information Science at the University of Borås to be publicly defended on Friday
14 December 2012 at 13.00 in lecture room C203, the University of Borås,
Allégatan 1, Borås.
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Teves, Lurli B. "The sociocultural dimension of people's participation in community-based development : the role of patron client system in the Philippines /." Witzenhausen : Verb. der Tropenlandwirte, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009086262&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Piccin, Marcos Botton. "L?gicas socioculturais e estrat?gias produtivas no assentamento menina dos olhos dos sem-terra." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/634.
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This work consists of a research that analyzes the underlying sociocultural logics to the productive strategies developed by the landless farmers settled in the rural Settlement called Ceres, RS. That Settlement was formed in the end of 1996 and it received landless farm workers of several areas and municipal districts of Rio Grande do Sul, having different paths and acquired social experiences in the different busy social positions in the structure of relationships of the society. Hence the occupation of the territory and the social-historical development of that state have conformed certain social positions to the poor rural workers as small farmers, temporary and permanent workers, millers, lacemakers, among other generating potentially different principles of action, behaviors, codes and operational modalities that provide a group of knowledge, creeds and a certain practical sense, working as social habitus. In this sense, this sociocultural heterogeneity tends to compose the social processes as much of the camps as of the rural settlements and it can be expressed by the different situations that took the rural workers to the fight for the land, for the different objectives related to the ownership of a lot, as well as for the differentiated projects and future dreams elaborated among those individuals. Then, when in the establishment of awareness, knowledge, projects and future dreams which have been built along the social paths tend to make present and updated face of the found circumstances regarding the differential of powers among the different social agents of the local and regional environment. Like this, the cultivations, handlings and several forms of productive occupation of the land lots for the farmer-seated can also represent that social-cultural heterogeneity forged by the socialhistorical process. In that sense, the research classified the farmer-seated in three productive systems considered as diversified, soy-milk, and soy farmers through a survey questionnaire and it was opted for living the daily of them starting from an interview of a pre-selected sample of seated families. The analysis of the data and information allow considering that the interactions and reactions from those environments do not occur in the same way by the group of the farmer-seated in the establishment of the strategies of social reproduction. The existence of three productive systems in the Settlement tends to correspond to the sociocultural internal factors along the social paths. As a result, the significances attributed to the differentiated forms of productive occupation of the land lots reveal desires and life projects longed for and also differentiated and such objectives are believed to be possible to achieve in the Settlement. .
Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa que analisa as l?gicas socioculturais subjacentes ?s estrat?gias produtivas desenvolvidas pelos agricultores-assentados no Assentamento rural Ceres, RS. Esse Assentamento foi formado no final de 1996 e recebeu agricultores sem-terra de v?rias regi?es e munic?pios do Rio Grande do Sul, com diferentes trajet?rias e experi?ncias sociais adquiridas nas diferentes posi??es sociais ocupadas na estrutura de rela??es da sociedade. A ocupa??o do territ?rio e o desenvolvimento s?cio-hist?rico desse estado conformaram determinadas posi??es sociais aos trabalhadores rurais pobres como pequenos agricultores, trabalhadores tempor?rios e permanentes, meeiros, rendeiros, entre outras, gerando, potencialmente, distintos princ?pios de a??o, comportamentos, c?digos e modalidades operacionais que conferem um conjunto de saberes, cren?as e um senso pr?tico determinado, funcionando como habitus sociais. Esta heterogeneidade sociocultural tende a compor os processos sociais tanto dos acampamentos quanto dos assentamentos rurais e pode ser expressada pelas diferentes situa??es que levaram os trabalhadores rurais ? luta pela terra, pelos diferentes objetivos para com a posse de um lote, assim como pelos diferenciados projetos e sonhos de futuro elaborados entre esses indiv?duos. Quando em assentamento os saberes, conhecimentos, projetos e sonhos de futuro constru?dos ao longo das trajet?rias sociais tendem a ser presentificados e atualizados frente ?s circunst?ncias encontradas dos diferenciais de poderes entre os distintos agentes sociais que figuram a ambi?ncia local e regional. Assim, os cultivos, manejos e formas diversas de ocupa??o produtiva dos lotes de terra pelos agricultores-assentados tamb?m podem representar aquela heterogeneidade sociocultural forjada pelo processo s?cio-hist?rico. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa classificou os agricultores-assentados em tr?s sistemas produtivos considerados como diversificado, sojaleite e soja atrav?s de um question?rio tipo survey e optou-se pela viv?ncia do cotidiano dos mesmos a partir do qual se procedeu a entrevista de uma amostra pr?-selecionada de fam?lias assentadas. A an?lise dos dados e informa??es permite considerar que as intera??es e rea??es a essas ambi?ncias n?o se d?o da mesma forma pelo conjunto dos agricultores-assentados no estabelecimento das estrat?gias de reprodu??o social. A exist?ncia de tr?s sistemas produtivos no Assentamento tende a corresponder aos fatores socioculturais internalizados ao longo das trajet?rias sociais. As significa??es atribu?das ?s formas diferenciadas de ocupa??o produtiva dos lotes de terra revelam desejos e projetos de vida almejados tamb?m diferenciados e que se julga poss?vel alcan?ar no Assentamento.
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Sims, Colette Marie. "Recipes Run in Our Families Not Illnesses: Older Black Women on Race, Health Disparities and the Health Care System." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194759.
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Reducing racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare are ongoing concerns. A paucity of data on healthcare seeking behavior among older Black women has hampered efforts to make culturally responsive healthcare services available to this population. Little is known about how older Black women's expectations and perceptions of care affect their patterns of health behavior.This study explored sociocultural contexts of health behavior with fifty Black women, aged 40 and older, in Tucson, Arizona by examining what prompts these women to seek services, identifying key factors affecting their access to and utilization of healthcare, documenting their experiences in healthcare settings and how these interactions influence their healthcare-seeking behavior. If effective healthcare service access and utilization are to be encouraged among older Black women, an informed understanding of the role cultural difference plays is essential.This research has three purposes: to provide a forum for discussion of culturally relevant strategies and models for prevention of disease and promotion of wellness in Black communities; to provide perspectives on older Black women's health issues for policymakers and administrators in public health sciences; and to gain insight and document reasons for selected health behaviors among this population. Research funding from the NIH/ NIA has helped to establish this small multi-disciplinary data set on a specific race, gender and age sub-population group for future research and development of community resource partnerships; including public health education and effective healthcare service delivery with intervention / promotion efforts targeting older Black women.Findings: Older Black women's poorer health status reflects the cumulative effects of inadequate health care due to various discriminatory experiences and their mistrust of the health care system. Mistrust, expectations of racial bias, perceived cultural insensitivity, and lack of effective communication within healthcare settings were found to be barriers to their healthcare-seeking behavior. Neither healthcare providers nor older Black women can address these issues alone. Working towards more trusting relationships within healthcare settings is critical in beginning to address avoidable inequities in health status experienced by older Black women.This research is applicable to such disciplines as Sociocultural/Medical Anthropology, Health Education, Public Health, and Africana/Ethnic Studies.
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Lee, Cheun-Yeong. "A Case Study of Using Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication System for Spoken English Teaching and Learning Based on Sociocultural Theory and Communicative Language Teaching Approach Curriculum." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1242144550.
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Guimarães, Márcia Barbosa da Costa. "A ocupação pré-colonial da região dos Lagos, RJ: sistema de assentamento e relações intersocietais entre grupos sambaquianos e grupos ceramistas Tupinambá e da tradição Una." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-05092007-111015/.
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A pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender o sistema de assentamento dos grupos sambaquianos que ocuparam o Complexo Lagunar de Saquarema entre 6.600-1.500 anos cal BP. Tendo por base o pressuposto de que o estudo da continuidade e da mudança é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estudos regionais, foi construído um modelo onde dois fatores, mudança ambiental e contato intersocietal, influenciaram o processo de transformação sociocultural verificado entre os grupos sambaquianos. Assim, embora partilhassem traços comuns, o que lhes permitia manter um caráter identitário - podendo esse ser vislumbrado num sistema de assentamento onde as relações sociais se davam em função da laguna de Saquarema - os grupos sambaquianos apresentavam diferenças entre si, resultado de um longo processo adaptativo. A gradual mudança na disponibilidade de recursos malacológicos acabou por resultar no fortalecimento de um grupo sobre outro. Os melhores adaptados, representados pelos ocupantes dos sambaquis de Saquarema e da Pontinha, tiveram contato com grupos ceramistas relacionados à tradição Una, ocupantes do sítio Ilha dos Macacos. Tal contato pôde ser verificado através do aparato tecnológico (predomínio absoluto dos artefatos de lascamento), pela adoção de novas práticas funerárias (cremação, manipulação de ossos humanos) e pela concomitância das ocupações. Assim, por volta de 2.000 anos cal AP, esse contato, somado a um processo que já vinha se desenvolvendo no interior do sistema, marcou o início do colapso da sociedade sambaquiana no Complexo Lagunar de Saquarema.This research aimed contributing to the understanding of the settlement pattern of sambaqui dwellers who occupied the Saquarema lagoonar system (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil) between 6600 and 1500 cal years BP. It considers the premise that studies of continuity and change are the base to the development of regional synthesis. The model developed presumes that two factors, environmental change and intersocietary contact, have influenced the processes of sociocultural change in the sambaqui society. From this point of view, it is suggested that, although sambaqui people shared common characteristics that allowed them to keep an identity, sambaqui groups presented differences between each other, which resulted from a long adaptative process. This identitary character may be recognized in their settlement pattern, in which social relationships were established in relation with the Saquarema Lagoon. However, gradual changes in the availability of malacological resources induced the reinforcement of some groups over the others. Better-adapted groups, represented by the occupants of sambaquis Saquarema and Pontinha, have established contacts with ceramists related to Una tradition, who occupied Ilha dos Macacos. This contact is attested by the characteristics of the technological apparatus (absolute predominance of flaked artifacts), by the adoption of new funerary practices (cremation, manipulation of human bones) and by the concomitance of occupations. Around 2000 cal years BP, this contact, associated to a process that had already been developing inside the sambaqui system, marked the beginning of the collapse of the sambaqui society in the Saquarema lagoonar system.
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Ahmed, Hassan Ahmed Osama. "Rift Valley fever : challenges and new insights for prevention and control using the “One Health” approach." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Virologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127095.
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Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging viral zoonosis that causes frequent outbreaks in east Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula. The likelihood of RVF global expansion due to climate change and human anthropogenic factors is an important issue. The causative agent, RVF virus, is an arbovirus that is transmitted by several mosquito species and is able to infect a wide range of livestock as well as people. The infection leads to mass abortions and death in livestock and a potentially deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans. RVF has severe socio-economic consequences such as animal trade bans between countries, disruption of food security, and economic disaster for farmers and pastoralists as well as for countries. Human behavior such as direct contact with infected animals or their fluids and exposure to mosquito bites increases the risk for contracting the disease. To better understand the challenges associated with RVF outbreaks and to explore prevention and control strategies, we used the One Health approach. The local community had to be involved to understand the interaction between the environment, animals, and humans. We focused on Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Kenya. First, we systematically reviewed the literature and then we performed cross sectional community-based studies using a special One Health questionnaire. Climatic and remote sensing data were used in combination with statistics to develop a sub-region predictive model for RVF. For both Saudi Arabia and Sudan, the ecology and environment of the affected areas were similar. These areas included irrigation canals and excessive rains that provide an attractive habitat for mosquito vectors to multiply. The surveillance systems were unable to detect the virus in livestock before it spread to humans. Ideally, livestock should serve as sentinels to prevent loss of human lives, but the situation here was reversed. Differences between countries regarding further spread of RVF was mainly determined by better economic and infrastructure resources. In Sudan, there was a lack of knowledge and appropriate practices at the studied community regarding RVF disease symptoms and risk factors for both animals and humans. The community was hesitant in notifying the authorities about RVF suspicion in livestock due to the lack of a compensation system. The perceived role of the community in controlling RVF was fragmented, increasing the probability of RVF transmission and disease. In Kenya, our study found that better knowledge about RVF does not always translate to more appropriate practices that avoid exposure to the disease. However, the combination of good knowledge, attitudes, and practices may explain why certain communities were less affected. Strategies to combat RVF should consider socio-cultural and behavioral differences among communities. We also noticed that RVF outbreaks in Kenya occurred in regions with high livestock density exposed to heavy rains and wet soil fluxes, which could be measured by evapotranspiration and vegetation seasonality variables. We developed a RVF risk map on a sub-regional scale. Future outbreaks could be better managed if such relevant RVF variables are integrated into early warning systems. To confront RVF outbreaks, a policy is needed that better incorporates ecological factors and human interactions with livestock and environment that help the RVF pathogen spread. Early detection and notification of RVF is essential because a delay will threaten the core of International Health Regulations (IHR), which emphasizes the share of information during a transboundary disease outbreak to avoid unnecessary geographical expansion.
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Almisbah, Abdulghani Jaafar. "Investigating the adoption of Interactive Complex Intervention Model (ICIM) aiming at reforming the Bahrain governmental performance as an example of Islamic contexts." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15838.
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There is a consensus within the United Nations (UN), as well as various governmental entities, politicians, individuals, scholars, and academic communities, on the need to reform governmental performances. However, there is no unanimity among them pertaining to a specific reforming model that is valid for all contexts worldwide. Accordingly, many performance management processes and practical techniques have been put into practice, which aim at improving governmental institutions' performance. Hence, the purpose of this research is to develop, by studying the public health services that are provided by the government, an effective model, with the aim of improving governmental performance in the context of Bahrain. With regard to originality and values, the research discerns that among the many factors affecting governmental entities' performance, there are two dominant contextual factors, i.e. the sociocultural and political forces, both of which synergise with the so-called United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Good Governance Approach. The study develops a new perspective on the Interactive Complex Intervention Model (ICIM), stemming from the Grounded Theory (GT) and Normalisation Process Theory/Model (NPT/M), as disclosed in practical terms by the outcomes of the data gathered and its analysis. In fact, although those elements influence all other factors, there are interactive correlative impacts among all factors. Despite these outcomes, the data obtained from the research cannot be generalised, as they are derived from the local context of Bahrain; certainly until now, they can allow other similar contexts in particular to implement the insights reported in this study. It is important to note that the most influencing factor enabling this research, which aims to develop the ICIM for reforming governmental entities' performance in Bahrain, is the salient points raised in Imam Ali's famous consultative letter to the Governor of Egypt, Malik Ashtar, which he wrote while he was the Caliph, as scholars regard this letter as a basic guide for the Islamic administration and the UNDP Good Governance Approach. Regarding the practical implications, the research has attempted to empirically understand the role of the aforementioned primary contributing forces, that are regarded as the critical prerequisite - the first step that allows the governments' decision makers, based on the underlying knowledge involved in the work, to forthwith provide them with several contextual practical insights towards adopting the ICIM in order to enhance and reform the government entities' performance.
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Reynolds, Adrian K. "Intersections of Contexts and Concepts in Learning to Teach: A Qualitative Case Study of the Appropriation of the Communicative Language Teaching Approach by Pre-service Teachers of Spanish in the United States." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338306655.
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Newton, Kathryn. "African American Women's Perceptions of and Experiences with Mandated Substance Abuse Treatment: Implications for Counselors." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04242008-014909/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Brian J. Dew, committee chair; Kris Varjas, Barbara Gormley, Catherine Cadenhead, Leslie Jackson, committee members. Electronic text (169 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 7, 2008. Includes bibliographical references.
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Demirel, Fonda. "Vägen mot kunskapsmålen : Ur ett lärar och elevperspektiv." Thesis, Södertörn University College, Lärarutbildningen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3097.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate teachers 'and students' understanding of why students finish school with incomplete scores and which resources they consider necessary for students to accomplish the goals that are set for the students. Owing to the reuse of pupils and teachers' experiences, this study will highlight significant qualitative aspects of work with students who finish school with incomplete high school grades. Hopefully, will this study be a support and information base in secondary school.
The material forming the basis for the report's theoretical assumptions and the basic assumption is based on Lev Vygotsky sociocultural perspective on learning that Olga Dysthe discuss and develop further in his book, Dialog, samspel och lärande. The present work is based on qualitative research method. I selected this research method because I am interested in getting an understanding of the importance and significance of this research The study applied a qualitative interview format.
As a result of the investigation as it has appeared that students difficulties to achieve the goals,depends on several factors, mostly on the student's socio-economic and psychosocial situation they live in. The life situation of the students determines the learning and knowledge process and how they reach their goals. The study concludes that a better synergy between the various stages need to be improved, the necessary resources, teachers need to understand the course objectives and then enlighten them to the students. As a final point, more explicit syllabus is needed owing to the easiness of being interpretable. Having more straightforward syllabus, unfair judgment will be prevented.
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Larry, Farida. "Discursive assessment practices in a special school for girls identified with a disability in one Arabic-speaking Gulf-Arabian country." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284464.
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This study examines discursive assessment practices in a special school for girls identified with a disability in an Arabian-Gulf country. The study is driven by a notable absence of research on girls with disability in the Arab world, and the need for analysing practices that shape their identities and future trajectories. To disclose the mechanisms, processes, and tools influencing the coconstruction of girls' identities by members of a multidisciplinary team, I developed an analytic framework that draws on three theories: systemic functional linguistics, critical genre analysis and sociocultural theory of discourse and identity production. The main data source is the audio-record of conversations that took place at case-conference meetings (CCMs). To describe the genre of a CCM and to disclose what went on, who was involved, and what outcomes were achieved, I constructed three narratives: 'The most relevant thing about us', 'Much ado about everything', and 'Not so great expectations'. These narratives revealed the object, goals, and the outcomes of talk. With respect to the object of talk, or the knowledge underpinning assessment practices, there was much focus on girls' diagnostic histories and scores in IQ tests; they were given a high priority and perceived as key to understanding the girls. Analysis also revealed a resistance to move beyond dichotomous thinking (i.e. girls are either trainable or educable). The goals of talk were to pass on information, to share assessment results, and to list objectives for intervention, each practitioner within her domain of expertise. This mode of passing on - rather than - discussing information and assessment results limited the prospect to benefit from the distributed knowledge of practitioners. The outcomes of talk were mediated by the two preceding discursive actions. A preoccupation with girls' medical diagnosis, and a focus on passing on rather than discussing assessment reinforced deficit thinking. Further, categories assigned to girls stood as self-fulfilling prophesies, and as predictors of girls' future performance. The space to create more positive identities was evident, however, where practitioners knew little about girls' genetic or developmental disabilities. The implications of these objectifying practices are serious with respect to Gulf-Arabian countries and to similar Muslim sociocultural contexts. Perceiving diagnosis as the absolute truth feeds fatalistic beliefs further and results in inactivity and invisibility. Implications are offered for policy and practice and for future research.
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"The Semiotic Nature of Power in Social-Ecological Systems." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.45518.
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abstract: Anderies (2015); Anderies et al. (2016), informed by Ostrom (2005), aim to employ robust
feedback control models of social-ecological systems (SESs), to inform policy and the
design of institutions guiding resilient resource use. Cote and Nightingale (2012) note that
the main assumptions of resilience research downplay culture and social power. Addressing
the epistemic gap between positivism and interpretation (Rosenberg 2016), this dissertation
argues that power and culture indeed are of primary interest in SES research.
Human use of symbols is seen as an evolved semiotic capacity. First, representation is
argued to arise as matter achieves semiotic closure (Pattee 1969; Rocha 2001) at the onset
of natural selection. Guided by models by Kauffman (1993), the evolution of a symbolic
code in genes is examined, and thereon the origin of representations other than genetic
in evolutionary transitions (Maynard Smith and Szathmáry 1995; Beach 2003). Human
symbolic interaction is proposed as one that can support its own evolutionary dynamics.
The model offered for wider dynamics in society are “flywheels,” mutually reinforcing
networks of relations. They arise as interactions in a domain of social activity intensify, e.g.
due to interplay of infrastructures, mediating built, social, and ecological affordances (An-
deries et al. 2016). Flywheels manifest as entities facilitated by the simplified interactions
(e.g. organizations) and as cycles maintaining the infrastructures (e.g. supply chains). They
manifest internal specialization as well as distributed intention, and so can favor certain
groups’ interests, and reinforce cultural blind spots to social exclusion (Mills 2007).
The perspective is applied to research of resilience in SESs, considering flywheels a
semiotic extension of feedback control. Closer attention to representations of potentially
excluded groups is justified on epistemic in addition to ethical grounds, as patterns in cul-
tural text and social relations reflect the functioning of wider social processes. Participatory
methods are suggested to aid in building capacity for institutional learning.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2017
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Abel, Thomas. "Ecosystems, sociocultural systems, and ecological economics for understanding development : the case of ecotourism on the island of Bonaire, N.A. /." 2000. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2000/ane0595/Abel.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2000.Printout. Abstract copied from student-submitted information. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 662-675). Also available on the World Wide Web; Adobe Acrobat Reader required to view and print PDF file.
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Matfunjwa, Muzi Nkanyiso. "Nature of possession in Siswati : a socio-cultural analysis." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20952.
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This study is an analysis of the nature of possession in siSwati from a socio-cultural perspective. The study seeks to uncover how possession is expressed in siSwati and also the socio-cultural traits of the Swazi people that are revealed through possession. A written corpus was used to collect the requisite data and the relevant data was subsequently analysed. The study adopted systematic functional linguistic and sociolinguistic approaches to analyse the nature of possession in siSwatiAfrican Languages
M. A. (African Languages)
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Miller, Kelli A. "The relationship of sociocultural factors and lifestyle cognitive representations to cardiovascular risk factors." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/166884767.html.
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Schnetzer, Julia Ruth. "Food and sustainability: the sustainable food system index." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17265.
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Sustainable transitions have become the guiding principles of today’s century with food systems at
the core of it. Food and nutrition illustrate a basic human need, inevitable for any living organism, and
deeply entangled within the ecosystem. Thus, food systems represent predominant endeavours when
aiming towards Agenda 2030. In line with displaying complex socio-ecological processes, heavily affected by ongoing interrelations among human and natural components, three categories identify as crucial for sustainable food systems – food security, ecosystem stability and resilience and sociocultural
wellbeing. In combination with the research aim of assessing the sustainability degree of performing
food systems in place, a Sustainable Food System Index (SFSI) has been established. The SFSI measures
food system sustainability across 33 countries among 3 categories and 9 dimensions by employing 39
indicators, 65 sub-indicators and 38 sub-sub-indicators. The results display the varying degree of sustainable food systems among performing countries across selected indicators. The overall index score
highlights Sweden as the front runner, closely followed by France and the United Kingdom, while laggards illustrate Ethiopia, Nigeria and India. With food systems being caught in a vicious circle with the
ecosystem and the environment, economically poor regions are particularly vulnerable due to its smallholder dependency on agricultural systems. The SFSI outcomes provide more insights into the sustainability’s state of analysed food systems in the categories of food safety, ecosystem stability and resilience, as well as sociocultural wellbeing and might serve as foundation for future sustainable food system
research.Transições sustentáveis têm se tornado os princípios orientadores do século de hoje, com sistemas alimentares em seu núcleo. Alimentação e nutrição ilustram uma necessidade humana básica, inevitável para qualquer organismo vivo e, profundamente entrelaçada com o ecossistema. Assim, sistemas alimentares representam esforços predominantes ao focar na Agenda 2030. Em consonância com a apresentação de processos socio-ecológicos complexos, fortemente afetados por interrelações entre componentes naturais e humanos em curso, três categorias identificam-se como essenciais aos sistemas alimentares sustentáveis: segurança alimentar, estabilidade e resiliência do ecossistema, e bem-estar sociocultural. Em combinação com o objetivo da pesquisa de avaliar o grau de desempenho de sustentabilidade de sistemas alimentares decorrentes, foi criado um Índice de Sistema Alimentar Sustentável (SAS). O SAS mede a sustentabilidade do sistema alimentar em 33 países dentro de 3 categorias e 9 dimensões ao empregar 39 indicadores, 65 sub-indicadores e 38 sub-sub indicadores. Os resultados mostram o grau variável de sistemas alimentares sustentáveis entre países nos indicadores selecionados. O resultado geral do índice destaca a Suécia como líder, seguida de perto por França e Reino Unido, enquanto como retardatários ilustram Etiópia, Nigéria e Índia. Com sistemas alimentares sendo apanhados em círculos viciosos com o ecossistema e meio-ambiente, regiões economicamente pobres são particularmente vulneráveis devido a suas baixas dependências em sistemas de agricultura. Os resultados do SAS fornecem mais insights no estado da sustentabilidade dos sistemas alimentares analisados nas categorias de segurança alimentar, estabilidade e resiliência do ecossistema, tanto quanto de bem-estar sociocultural e, deve servir como fundação para futuras pesquisas sobre sistema alimentar sustentável.
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"A Sociocultural Approach to the Study of L2 Writing: Activity System Analyses of the Writing Processes of ESL Learners." Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14564.
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abstract: Using a sociocultural framework, this dissertation investigated the writing processes of 31 ESL learners in an EAP context at a large North American university. The qualitative case study involved one of the four major writing assignments in a required first-year composition course for ESL students. Data were collected from four different sources: (a) A semi-structured interview with each participant, (b) process logs kept by participants for the entire duration of the writing assignment, (c) classroom observation notes, and (d) class materials. Findings that emerged through analyses of activity systems, an analytical framework within Vygotskian activity theory, indicate that L2 writers used various context-specific, social, and cultural affordances to accomplish the writing tasks. The study arrived at these findings by creating taxonomies of the six activity system elements - subject, tools, goals, division of labor, community, and rules - as they were realized by L2 writers, and examining the influence that these elements had in the process of composing. The analysis of data helped create categories of each of the six activity system elements. To illustrate with an example, the categories that emerged within the element division of labor were as follows: (a) Instructor, (b) friends and classmates, (c) writing center tutors, (d) family members, and (e) people in the world. The emergent categories for each of the six activity system elements were then examined to determine if their effects on L2 writing were positive or negative. Overall, the findings of the present study validate arguments related to the post-process views that an explanation of L2 writing processes solely based on cognitive perspectives provides but only a partial picture of how second language writing takes place. In order for a more comprehensive understanding of L2 writing one must also account for the various social and cultural factors that play critical roles in the production of L2 texts.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. English 2012
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Seshibedi, Nthambeleni Dahlia. "Narrating psychosocial experiences and coping strategies of female Informal traders at Tshakhuma." Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27328.
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Women entrepreneurs in the formal or informal sector continue to encounter social,
psychological, political, and religious-related challenges, inhibiting their functioning.
Consequently, this study explored the psychosocial experiences affecting the informal female
traders at Tshakhuma fruit market in Limpopo, South Africa and the coping strategies
employed to mitigate psychosocial experiences. The study adopted an interpretivism
approach and applied a qualitative methodology and narrative design. Seven informal female
traders shared their psychosocial experiences and coping strategies through stories and were
collected using unstructured interviews. The narrative thematic analysis was used to analyse
the interviews, and psychosocial experiences and coping strategies themes are developed.
The family, work environment, and sociocultural social systems guided the psychosocial
experiences themes. Lazarus and Folkman informed the coping strategies themes. The
findings provided some understanding of women's entrepreneurship in the informal sector,
but the findings cannot be extended in another contextPsychology
M.A. Psychology
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Phala, Thembi Anastacia Lucky. "Reading support for grade 3 learners in full-service schools, Gauteng." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25763.
Full textAbstract:
In South Africa, the issue of learners reading below their grade level is of great concern. In order to overcome this problem, the Department of Education made it possible that learners be taught to read early in Grade 1. However, despite the learners being taught to learn to read at an early stage, numerous studies have revealed that most of the learners, including those in Grade 3, are still experiencing reading problems. The purpose of this study is to explore how Grade 3 teachers support learners who experience reading problems in Full-service schools. Full-service schools are mainstream schools that were transformed to attend to the underlying inclusive principles and to provide quality education to all learners. In this study, a qualitative approach was used to collect data at the Tshwane North District in the Gauteng Province. The interview questions were piloted with one of the Grade 3 class teachers from a neighbouring full-service school. Then after the pilot study, eleven Grade 3 class teachers and six Learner Support Teachers from three identified full-service schools were interviewed and observed in their classroom while supporting learners experiencing reading problems. The documents that they used were also analysed. To analyse the empirical data an inductive approach and the method for analysing data suggested by Creswell (2000) was followed. The findings revealed that teachers who participated in this study followed a more prescriptive approach of supporting learners who were experiencing reading problems. Furthermore, the findings revealed they used different reading strategies and reading methods even though there were some challenges that hampered the implementation of the support. The issue of differentiating and adapting the reading support to suit the diverse reading needs of learners arose from the study. This was due to the fact that most of the teachers were not trained to adapt the reading support based on the reading needs of the learners. Based on the findings, recommendations were made, and guidelines to draw up an effective reading support based on an integrated approach for Grade 3 learners who experience reading problems in full-service schools was developed. The guidelines combined two theories that underpinned the study, namely, Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. The researcher concluded that learners’ improvement in terms of their reading abilities relies on how teachers provided support to them. Hence it is important for teachers to be equipped with sufficient skills and knowledge to provide individualised reading support to learners experiencing reading problems.Inclusive Education
Ph. D. (Inclusive Education)
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Zewdie, Zenawi Nigussie. "Gender treatment in Grade nine classroom instructional activities and representation in English textbook." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27296.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to explore how gender is perceived in classroom instructional activities and how it is represented in the Grade 9 English textbook in Ethiopia. To do this, the constructivist paradigm was used as a way of viewing the educational world. Underpinned by the Sociocultural Theory (SCT) and Gender Schema Theory (GST), the study was qualitative and used a multiple case study inquiry. The selection of participants was through purposive sampling and data were collected through interviews, observations and textbook review. The study was undertaken at four government high schools, and the focus was on Grade 9 at Chacha, Minjar, DebreSina and Mekoy Districts of North Shoa Zone in Amhara Region. Sixteen learners, four teachers and four principals were interviewed. The findings concluded in two significant findings: 1) improper gender treatment in classroom instructional activities, and 2) imbalance of gender representation in Grade 9 English textbook. The first finding generated emerging themes, for instance (a) imbalanced allocation of roles and responsibilities between girls and boys; (b) girls’ embarrassment by others; (c) girls’ incapability to manage group and use given opportunity in classroom; (d) male domination and female subordination; (e) gender policy implementation gap at school; (f) impediment of girls’ participation due to patriarchal thinking; (g) challenges of traditional gender thinking in classroom; (h) parents’ practices and experiences affected learners’ practices and experiences in classroom; (i) lack of girls’ recognition by others; and (j) self-overestimation seen by boys and self-underestimation seen by girls. The themes for the second major finding include: (a) men overrepresentation and women underrepresentation; (b) presence of gender-marked vocabularies to enhance women’s passive role; (c) encouragement of traditional gender representation by assigning women in baby-sitting, and domestic chores, such as cleaning, cooking or shopping; (d) manifestation of man first-ness; and (e) imbalance of pictorial representation between women and men. The study recommends that teaching gender equality to the school community and society could be used to discourage gender stereotyped and biased engagements. Female teachers should be role models for girls. Educators should use gender-sensitive materials for the development of a gender-free awareness by the young generation.Curriculum and Instructional Studies