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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Socioeconomic inequality

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Academic literature on the topic 'Socioeconomic inequality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Schwendicke, F., C. E. Dörfer, P. Schlattmann, L. Foster Page, W. M. Thomson, and S. Paris. "Socioeconomic Inequality and Caries." Journal of Dental Research 94, no. 1 (November 13, 2014): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034514557546.

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Budría, Santiago. "The Socioeconomic determinants of economic inequality. Evidence from Portugal." Revista Internacional de Sociología 68, no. 1 (December 21, 2009): 81–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2008.10.24.

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Tran, Van C. "Immigration, poverty and socioeconomic inequality." Journal of Children and Poverty 20, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10796126.2014.890095.

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Gleeson, Shannon. "Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 44, no. 6 (October 28, 2015): 786–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306115609925g.

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Whiteford, Peter. "Inequality and Its Socioeconomic Impacts." Australian Economic Review 48, no. 1 (February 25, 2015): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8462.12099.

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Noble, Kimberly G., and Melissa A. Giebler. "The neuroscience of socioeconomic inequality." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 36 (December 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.05.007.

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Fateh, Mansooreh, Mohammad Hassan Emamian, Fereshteh Asgari, Ali Alami, and Akbar Fotouhi. "Socioeconomic inequality in hypertension in Iran." Journal of Hypertension 32, no. 9 (September 2014): 1782–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0000000000000260.

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Thorbecke, Erik, and Chutatong Charumilind. "Economic Inequality and Its Socioeconomic Impact." World Development 30, no. 9 (September 2002): 1477–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(02)00052-9.

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Wolniak, Gregory C., Ryan S. Wells, Mark E. Engberg, and Catherine A. Manly. "College Enhancement Strategies and Socioeconomic Inequality." Research in Higher Education 57, no. 3 (October 5, 2015): 310–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11162-015-9389-4.

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Wilde, Melissa J., Patricia Tevington, and Wensong Shen. "Religious Inequality in America." Social Inclusion 6, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i2.1447.

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Sociology has largely ignored class differences between American religious groups under the assumption that those differences “are smaller than they used to be and are getting smaller all of the time” (Pyle & Davidson, 2014, p. 195). This article demonstrates that profound class differences remain amongst American religious groups. These differences are as large as—or larger than—commonly examined forms of inequality such as the gender pay gap and the race achievement gap. Using the most popular categorization of American religious groups, we find that regardless of the particular measure examined (years of education, income, socioeconomic index score, and proportion of members with at least a bachelor’s degree) Jews and Mainline Protestants are at the top of the socioeconomic ladder and Evangelical Protestants, both black and white, are at the bottom. Furthermore, religious group significantly predicts both years of education and the overall socioeconomic standing of respondents by itself with basic controls. Likewise, both socioeconomic indicators and education significantly predict the likelihood of being in a specific religious tradition on their own with basic controls. Some religious groups, namely Evangelical Protestants at the low end and Jews and the high end, are relatively educationally homogeneous. Others, such as Catholics, Mainline Protestants and the nonreligious are much more educationally heterogeneous. The picture is the same when socioeconomic heterogeneity is examined, except that Mainline Protestants emerge as more clearly advantaged socioeconomically. In sum, religious inequality remains in America, it is robust, and it appears to be quite durable.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Spencer, Sarah. "Language and socioeconomic inequality in adolescence : Assessments and interviews." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527248.

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Dumas, Jennifer. "Gender Inequality and Terrorism: An Analysis of the Effects of Socioeconomic Gender Inequality on Terrorism." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1202.

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Studies of terrorism have explored a number of factors thought to drive the phenomenon. Authors often tie socioeconomic development to reducing terrorism. Among structural explanations of terrorism, however, authors generally neglect the effect of gender inequality, though studies show that gender inequality increases the risk of international and civil conflict. Therefore I explore the impact of gender inequality in important socioeconomic issues on terrorism for 143 countries from 1998-2009. I argue that socioeconomic gender inequality reflects poor state capacity, resulting in grievances that contribute to domestic non-suicide and suicide terrorism. I study gender inequality in the areas of education, labor participation, and life expectancy. Results indicate that education and life expectancy inequality increase the risk of terrorism, while labor inequality is unrelated. While the time frame and data used in this study limit generalizability, results indicate that states should provide socioeconomic gender parity to reduce the risk of domestic terrorism.

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Caro, Daniel H. [Verfasser]. "Family socioeconomic status and inequality of opportunity / Daniel H. Caro." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1023965313/34.

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Crosby, Danielle Annik. "Children's causal attributions for economic inequality : relation to age and socioeconomic environments /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Blanco-Perez, Cristina. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Health." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/113489.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral consisteix en tres articles que analitzen l’efecte de les variables socioeconòmiques en el nivell de salut dels individus. El primer article estudia per primera vegada l’efecte de la polarització de la renda en el nivell de salut dels individus. Aquest treball proposa que la polarització de la renda capta millor alguns dels mecanismes que relacionen la salut i les diferències en renda, com ara la tensió i el conﬂicte social. Aquests han estat tradicionalment associats a la desigualtat de la renda. Aquesta hipòtesi s’ha testat utilitzant dades de panell per a Espanya. Els principals resultats mostren que la polarització de la renda té un efecte negatiu sobre la salut dels individus. En aquest estudi s’ha considerat no només la polarització entre regions, si no també entre grups de referència, és a dir, que els individus no només es comparen amb altres individus de la mateixa regió, sino també amb individus amb característiques similars. En aquest cas la polarització de la renda només és rellevant quan es considera el grup de referència. Aquests resultats q¨uestionen el què tradicionalment s’ha assumit en la literatura prèvia, on la regió és determinant per a establir grups de referència. El segon article es centra en la relació existent entre la renda relativa i la salut. Tradicionalment les comparacions de la renda entre individus s’han considerat determinants per al nivell de salut individual. Tot i així, els estudis previs s’han basat principalment en les comparacions de la renda “cap amunt”, sense tenir en compte les comparacions amb els individus més pobres. En aquest treball s’utilitza una deﬁnició de renda relativa més àmplia per a testar simultàniament l’efecte de les comparacions de la renda “cap a munt” i “cap avall” en la salut dels individus. Aquestes comparacions s’han calculat a través d’un índex de privació i de satisfacció respectivament. L’estudi es basa en les dades del German Socio-Economic Panel data (SOEP) i s’han utilitzat models de dades de panell per a corregir la possible endogeneitat de la renda deguda a variables omeses. Els resultats mostren que la privació de la renda té un efecte positiu, mentre que l’índex de satisfacció té un efecte negatiu sobre el nivell de salut. Aquests resultats són robustos inclús corregint per l’heterogeneïtat no observada i utilitzant mesures de salut “quasi-objectives”. Finalment, el tercer article estudia el poder explicatiu de l’“state depen-dence” en el nivell de salut auto-percebuda per a Espanya durant els anys 1994-2001. Amb aquest objectiu en ment s’han estimat una sèrie de models economètrics, incloent el model de selecció de Heckman on la condició inicial s’ha estimat per primera vegada utilitzant un ordered probit. Els resultats sug-gereixen que l’“state dependence” i la heterogeneïtat no observada expliquen la major part de la probabilitat de presentar un determinat nivell de salut. Al considerar els dos factors anteriors la signiﬁcativitat de l’heterogeneïtat obser¬vada mesurada a través de les variables socioeconòmiques disminueix. Tot i així, l’“state dependence” perd importància una vegada es millora l’estructura de l’error de les estimacions.
The core of this dissertation consists of three essays that contribute to the understanding of the eect of socioeconomic variables on individual’s health. The rst essay examines the eect of income polarisation on individual health. I argue that polarisation captures much better the social tension and conict that underlie some of the pathways linking income disparities and indi- vidual health, and which have been traditionally proxied by inequality. These premises are tested with panel data for Spain. The main ndings show that polarisation has a detrimental eect on health. Besides dening polarisation between regions, the paper introduces polarisation between reference groups. That is, the relevant comparison group may not be the region but individuals with similar characteristics. In this case polarisation is only relevant between reference groups and not between regions. Thus, these results challenge what has been traditionally assumed in the literature, i.e. that it is regions that matters. The second essay focus on the association between relative income and health. Income comparisons have been found to be important for individual health. However, the literature has so far looked solely at upward compari- sons, disregarding the eects of comparisons with worse-o individuals. In this paper, I use a broad denition of relative income to test simultaneously for the eect of \upward” and \downward” income comparisons on health. Relative deprivation and relative satisfaction indexes are used to summarise upward and downward comparisons. Panel data models are used to correct for income en- dogeneity bias due to omitted variables. Using German Socio-Economic Panel data (SOEP), results show that relative deprivation has a positive eect, while relative satisfaction has a deleterious impact on health. These ndings hold after correcting for unobserved heterogeneity and are robust to using quasi- objective health measures. Finally, the last essay studies the importance of the contribution of state dependence to the explanation of self-assessed health dynamics in Spain for 1994-2001. With this objective in mind, a series of econometric models are estimated including a new proposal for a Heckman selection model with an initial conditions equation run as an ordered probit. Evidence suggests that state dependence and unobserved heterogeneity account for much of the prob- ability of reporting a specic health status while the signicance of observed heterogeneity measured by socioeconomic variables vanishes when controlling for both. Only gender, education and labour status seem to be relevant in explaining health status. However, state dependence looses importance once the error structure of the estimations is improved.

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Pandey, A. "Socioeconomic inequality in healthcare utilization and expenditure in the older population of India." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2017. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4645412/.

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Background: Equity in access and financing healthcare is a key determinant of population health. This study examined the socioeconomic inequality in healthcare utilization and expenditure contrasting older (60 years or more) with younger (under 60 years) population in India over two decades. Methods: National Sample Survey data from all states of India on healthcare utilization (NSS-HUS 1995–96, NSS-HUS 2004 and NSS-HUS 2014) and consumer expenditure (NSS-CES 1993–94, NSS-CES 1999–2000, NSS-CES 2004–05 and NSS-CES 2011–12) were used. Logistic, generalized linear and fractional response models were used to analyze the determinants of healthcare utilization and burden of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. Deviations in the degree to which healthcare was utilized according to need was measured by a horizontal inequity index with 95% confidence interval (HI, 95% CI). Findings: When compared with younger population, the older population had higher self-reported morbidity rate (4.1 times), outpatient care rate (4.3 times), hospitalization rate (3.6 times), and proportion of hospitalization for non-communicable diseases (80.5% vs 56.7%) in 2014. Amongst the older population, the hospitalization rates were comparatively lower for female, poor and rural residents. Untreated morbidity was disproportionately higher for the poor, more so for the older (HI: -0.320; 95% CI: -0.391, -0.249) than the younger (-0.176; -0.211, -0.141) population in 2014. Outpatient care in public facilities increased for the poor over time, more so for the older than the younger population. Households with older persons only had higher median per capita OOP payments (2.47-4.00 times across NSS-CES and 3.10-5.09 times across NSS-HUS) and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) (1.01-2.99 times across NSS-CES and 1.10-1.89 times across NSS-HUS) than the other households. The odds of CHE were significantly higher in households with older persons, households headed by females and rural households. Both the vertical and horizontal inequities in OOP payments for hospitalization by the older population increased between 1995 and 2014. Conclusion: These findings can be used for developing an equitable health policy that can more effectively provide healthcare protection to the increasing older population in India.

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Mojapelo, Thato. "Women Empowerment and socioeconomic inequality in immunization coverage: a case study of Zambia." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33868.

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Basic immunisation coverage for children between 12-23 months in Zambia was 68% in 2013. Nevertheless, a substantial number of child deaths persist as a result of preventable disease. This study assesses the relationship between women empowerment and immunisation coverage in Zambia. It also investigates socio-economic inequality in full, partial, and immunisation intensity. Thus, the findings will support improved immunisation coverage, especially for those who are the poorest in Zambia. The study uses the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHS), which are nationally representative household surveys [12]. This dataset incorporates information regarding children from 0 to 59 months and for men and women aged 15- 49 years old. The two main study variables are women empowerment and immunisation. Immunisation was divided into three categories namely, full, partial and no immunisation. Concentration indices are used to assess inequality in full, partial and no immunisation coverage as well as in the intensity of immunisation coverage. Briefly, a positive concentration index means that immunisation coverage is pro-rich as richer children are more likely to be immunised. A negative index indicates the opposite. The main finding of this study was that socioeconomic status has a significant impact on the immunisation coverage of a child. For children who were fully immunised, immunisation was found to be pro-rich (concentration index = 0.046). The distribution of partially immunised children (concentration index = -0.114) and not immunised children (concentration index = -0.138) is pro-poor. This confirmed that poorer women were more likely to have a partially immunised/not immunised children compared to a child whose mother is richer. Immunisation intensity had a pro-rich outcome (concentration index = 0.153). In addition, the study confirmed the importance of household decision making as a determinant of a child's likelihood of being fully immunised (p-value< 0.01). This study has shown that close attention to factors such as women empowerment and a mother's education can support improved immunisation coverage, especially for those who are the poorest in Zambia. This paper further highlighted the importance of socio-economic status as it impacts on immunisation coverage.

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Lellock, John Slade. "Socioeconomic Status and Youth Participation in Extracurricular Arts Activities." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24785.

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A growing amount of research finds that the accumulation of, investment in, and mobilization of certain cultural resources are significant predictors of children's advantageous social development in both institutional settings and interpersonal relationships. Several theories and empirical analyses illustrate the importance of children's leisure-time activities in the accumulation of valuable resources. These cultural resources confer advantages to children, especially in educational settings (e.g. teachers' perception of students, intellectual development, and academic outcomes) because these arenas are often key spaces for social mobility. However, few research studies attempt to empirically pinpoint the socioeconomic origins of children's cultural (dis)advantages. This notable gap in the research literature can be addressed by examining family-level predictors of the accumulation and transmission of these cultural resources. The purpose of this study is to investigate the link between family-level socioeconomic status and children's participation in structured, extracurricular, arts-based activities as well as cultural performance attendance. Drawing on Bourdieu's (1984) concept of 'cultural capital' and Lareau's (2002; 2003) concept of 'concerted cultivation', this study explores whether or not socioeconomic status is a significant predictor of children's participation in extracurricular arts activities as well as attendance of cultural performances using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Child Development Supplement (CDS-II). I evaluate Lareau's class analysis and expand upon it by disaggregating the key dimensions of socioeconomic status and identifying which are the most salient for increased participation in arts-based activities among children in the United States context. I provide a detailed analysis and discussion of the nuanced relationships between socioeconomic status measures and youth participation in the arts.
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Loughnan, Steve, Peter Kuppens, Jüri Allik, Katalin Balazs, Lemus Soledad De, Kitty Dumont, Rafael Gargurevich, et al. "Economic Inequality Is Linked to Biased Self-Perception." Association for Psychological Science, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/324770.

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People’s self-perception biases often lead them to see themselves as better than the average person (a phenomenon known as self-enhancement). This bias varies across cultures, and variations are typically explained using cultural variables, such as individualism versus collectivism. We propose that socioeconomic differences among societies—specifically, relative levels of economic inequality—play an important but unrecognized role in how people evaluate themselves. Evidence for selfenhancement was found in 15 diverse nations, but the magnitude of the bias varied. Greater self-enhancement was found in societies with more income inequality, and income inequality predicted cross-cultural differences in self-enhancement better than did individualism/collectivism. These results indicate that macrosocial differences in the distribution of economic goods are linked to microsocial processes of perceiving the self.
Steve Loughnan is a postdoctoral research associate funded by the Leverhulme Trust (F/00236/W). Peter Kuppens is a postdoctoral research fellow with the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders and is supported by Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Research Council Grants GOA/05/04 and OT/11/031. Anu Realo and Jüri Allik were supported by a grant from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science (SF0180029s08). Junqi Shi was supported by a grant from the National Nature Foundation of China (NSFC:71021001).
Revisión por pares

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Davis, James Jordan. "Space, Labor Markets, and History: An Exploration of American Indian Employment Hardship and Socioeconomic Inequality." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429567181.

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Books on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Khattab, Nabil, Sami Miaari, and Haya Stier, eds. Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810.

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Kim, Doo-Sub. Socioeconomic status, inequality and fertility. [Seoul, South Korea]: Population and Development Studies Center, Seoul National University, 1987.

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1942-, Ellis Lee, ed. Social stratification and socioeconomic inequality. Westport Conn: Praeger, 1993.

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Immigration, poverty, and socioeconomic inequality. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2013.

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Volante, Louis, Sylke V. Schnepf, John Jerrim, and Don A. Klinger, eds. Socioeconomic Inequality and Student Outcomes. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9863-6.

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Broer, Markus, Yifan Bai, and Frank Fonseca. Socioeconomic Inequality and Educational Outcomes. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11991-1.

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Class and stratification: Arrangements for socioeconomic inequality under capitalism. Melbourne, Australia: Longman Cheshire, 1990.

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Locality and inequality: Farm and industry structure and socioeconomic conditions. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.

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Broer, Markus. Socioeconomic Inequality and Educational Outcomes: Evidence from Twenty Years of TIMSS. Cham: Springer Nature, 2019.

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Kate, Pickett, and Wilkinson Richard G, eds. Health and inequality. Abingdon, Oxon, UK: Routledge, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Strietholt, Rolf, and Andrés Strello. "Socioeconomic Inequality in Achievement." In International Handbook of Comparative Large-Scale Studies in Education, 201–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88178-8_11.

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Strietholt, Rolf, and Andrés Strello. "Socioeconomic Inequality in Achievement." In International Handbook of Comparative Large-Scale Studies in Education, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38298-8_11-1.

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Khattab, Nabil, Sami Miaari, and Haya Stier. "Introduction." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 1–10. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_1.

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Schnell, Izhak, and Ilan Shdema. "The Role of Peripheriality and Ethnic Segregation in Arabs’ Integration into the Israeli Labor Market." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 207–24. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_10.

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Shalev, Michael, and Amit Lazarus. "Horizontal Inequality in Israel’s Welfare State: Do Arab Citizens Receive Fewer Transfer Payments?" In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 225–52. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_11.

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Lewin-Epstein, Noah, and Or Raviv. "The Correlates of Household Debt in Late Life." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 13–40. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_2.

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Plaut, Pnina O., and Steven E. Plaut. "Household Inequality and the Contribution of Spousal Correlations." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 41–57. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_3.

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Kimhi, Ayal, and Moran Sandel. "Religious Schooling, Secular Schooling, and Household Income Inequality in Israel." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 59–72. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_4.

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Ayalon, Hanna, and Oded Mcdossi. "First-Generation College Students in an Expanded and Diversified Higher Education System: The Case of Israel." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 75–96. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_5.

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Friedlander, Dov, Barbara S. Okun, and Calvin Goldscheider. "Ethno-Religious Hierarchy in Educational Achievement and Socioeconomic Status in Israel: A Historical Perspective." In Socioeconomic Inequality in Israel, 97–121. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544810_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Rabelo Ramírez, Jocelyne, and Abigail Yescas Sandoval. "Socioeconomic Inequality and Well-Being in the Northern Border of Mexico." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icarss.2019.11.747.

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Rabelo Ramírez, Jocelyne, and Abigail Yescas Sandoval. "Socioeconomic Inequality and Well-Being in the Northern Border of Mexico." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Social Sciences. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icarss.2019.11.753.

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Bai, Yifan. "Trends in U.S. Educational Inequality due to Socioeconomic Status: Evidence From NAEP 2003–2017." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1578732.

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Choudhury, Pradeep. "An Analysis of Socioeconomic Inequality in Household Investment in Private Schooling: The Case of India." In 2022 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1880834.

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Gerasimova, I., and E. Gerasimova. "ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА СУБЪЕКТОВ И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА (В КОНТЕКСТЕ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ СТРАТЕГИЙ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ)." In Perspektivy social`no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiia prigranichnyh regionov 2019. Институт экономики - обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра "Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36867/br.2019.25.62.008.

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Различия в экономическом развитии российских территорий определяют межрегиональное неравенство в качестве жизни и благосостоянии населения. Они фиксируются официальными статистическими данными о социальноэкономическом положении на трех уровнях территориального деления и управления: 1) федеральные округа 2) субъекты федерации 3) муниципальные образования (МО). Актуально изучение взаимовлияния процессов социально экономического развития на этих уровнях. В статье основное внимание уделяется социально экономическому положению муниципалитетов. Дано краткое описание информационного обеспечения исследования. Представлен опыт сравнительного анализа трансграничных МО на примере субъектов СевероЗападного ФО. Differences in the economic development of the Russian territories determine interregional inequality in the quality of life and wellbeing of the population. They are recorded by official statistics on the socioeconomic situation at three levels of territorial division and governance: 1) federal districts 2) subjects of the federation 3) municipalities (MO). The study of the mutual influence of the processes of socioeconomic development at these levels is relevant. The article focuses on the socioeconomic situation of municipalities. A brief description of the research information support is given. The experience of a comparative analysis of crossborder MOs on the example of subjects of the NorthWest Federal District is presented.

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Forhad, Md. "Access to Technology and Educational Disparity." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.6153.

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The educational disparity has been a long-standing concern and grand challenge for the community. Like other sectors, the pandemic has changed the teaching and learning approaches across the globe. Although equal technology access is challenging, online learning practice offers a relatively easier avenue to minimize the disparity in academic attainment. Using purposive sampling, this study examines the effect of technology access on academic achievement. The study employs a difference in difference (DID) method and finds that technology improves educational attainment. Findings imply that technology access reduces academic disparity raised by socioeconomic differences. Therefore, policymakers could ensure technology access with sufficient training to address educational inequality-related challenges.

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"Understanding Global Digital Inequality: The Impact of Government, Investment in Business and Technology, and Socioeconomic Factors on Technology Utilization." In 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2009.478.

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Busciantella-Ricci, Daniele, Carlos Aceves-Gonzalez, and Alessandra Rinaldi. "Design for Inclusive Attitude: towards a theoretical framework." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001863.

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Seventy one percent of the world’s population live in countries where inequality has grown and the pandemic increased socioeconomic disparities and discriminations. As emphasised in education, healthcare, and migration, fostering an Inclusive Attitude is needed. The Inclusive Attitude is a concept mainly debated in psychology, sociology, anthropology and it has received less attention from a design research perspective. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for using Design for Inclusion to support Inclusive Attitude among the society. Starting from literature review, the paper compares the Inclusive Attitude concept with orders of design, design contents, design domains, continuum of design approaches, and domains of disciplines of Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE). As a result, a conceptual framework is identified for studying the Design for Inclusive Attitude. Discussions and conclusions underline the essence of this new design approach.

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Hardiawan, Donny, Arief Anshory Yusuf, and Bagdja Muljarijadi. "THE IMPACT OF EXPENDITURE INEQUALITY AND SOCIOECONOMIC ON CRIME RATES IN INDONESIA. CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY USING SPATIAL ECONOMETRICS AND GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION." In Proceedings of the Achieving and Sustaining SDGs 2018 Conference: Harnessing the Power of Frontier Technology to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (ASSDG 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assdg-18.2019.14.

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Vinyes, Rosina, Sergio Porcel, Fernando Anton, Mariona Figueras, and Laia Molist. "Urban form and social cohesion: the socio-morphological definition of the residential fabrics of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6019.

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Social inequality has become of great importance nowadays, and it is in metropolitan areas where it appears to be more intense. Thus, inequality becomes unavoidable when rethinking the contemporary cities. To get a grasp of this phenomenon, for the first time in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, a common look between urban morphology and social cohesion is made. The goal is to describe the socio-morphologic structure of the metropolitan territory, which is the result of combining both categorizations and maps of the existing sociological and morphological aspects. For such purpose, a two-stage methodology has been used. The first stage develops the quantitative and qualitative criteria to overlap the two existing maps, and stablishes the areas that will be considered the new socio-morphologic fabrics. The second one applies the areal interpolation method to assign this socioeconomic and/or demographic information to these new fabrics. The result of this combination is a categorization of twenty-one types of fabrics that describes the socio-morphological metropolitan reality. This new categorization sheds light on a tight relationship between urban shape and social cohesion, both conditioning each other. Moreover, the new map shows socio-morphological similarities between distant areas and announces common urban strategies to achieve a larger urban equity. The interest of having this new approach increases when thinking in the new investigation lines that will be derived from there. One of them would be the evolutionary reconstruction, which will allow visualizing processes and ease the understanding of certain phenomena to foresee urban blight.

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Reports on the topic "Socioeconomic inequality"

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Brown, Caitlin, and Martin Ravallion. Inequality and the Coronavirus: Socioeconomic Covariates of Behavioral Responses and Viral Outcomes Across US Counties. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27549.

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Martin, Matthew, Jo Walker, Kwesi W. Obeng, and Christian Hallum. The West Africa Inequality Crisis: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Development Finance International, Oxfam, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8045.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed and worsened the depth of inequality in West Africa. It has pushed millions into poverty. There is no end in sight due to the obscene global vaccine inequality, which means that less than 4% of West Africans had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 as at September 2021, compared with 52% in the United States and 57% in the European Union. In 2021, when COVID-19 infections are rising in West Africa, the critical support health and socioeconomic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 are being rolled back and replaced with austerity. Many governments are following advice from the IMF and World Bank, reminiscent of the severe cuts in spending imposed under the structural adjustment policies of the 1980s and 1990s. However, as this paper argues, the pandemic offers West African governments a once-in-a-generation opportunity to invest heavily in inequality-busting policies by boosting public spending (especially on healthcare, education and social protection), making tax systems more progressive, and tackling joblessness and precarious work. This report uses the Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index (CRII) framework devised by Oxfam and Development Finance International to assess the policies of West African governments. Visit the CRI Index website to learn more: www.inequalityindex.org.

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Bertoni, Eleonora, Gregory Elacqua, Luana Marotta, Matias Martínez, Humberto Santos, and Sammara Soares. Is School Funding Unequal in Latin America?: A Cross-country Analysis. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002854.

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Public spending on education has increased significantly in Latin America over the last decades. However, less is known whether increased spending has been translated into a more equitable distribution of resources within countries in the region. This study addresses this gap by measuring the inequality in per-pupil spending between regions with different levels of socioeconomic status (SES) within five Latin American countries: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Results show that Brazil, a federal country, has the widest socioeconomic funding gap due to large inequalities in local revenues between high and low SES regions. However, the country's funding gap has narrowed over time. School funding in Colombia has become more regressive over time, but its gap is half the size of the one in Brazil. The distribution of school funding in Peru has changed over time from being regressive-benefiting the richest regions-to being progressive-benefiting the poorest regions. Education spending in Chile and in Ecuador are, on the other hand, consistently progressive. However, while the progressiveness of funding in Ecuador is driven by transfers targeted at disadvantaged rural areas, the funding formulas in Chile addresses socioeconomic inequalities beyond the rural-urban gap.

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Howard, Joanna. Vulnerability and Poverty During Covid-19: Religious Minorities in India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.014.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has had direct and indirect effects on religiously marginalised groups, exacerbating existing inequities and undermining the ambitions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to reach (and include) those ‘furthest behind’. Religious inequalities intersect with other inequalities to compound vulnerabilities, particularly the convergence of low socioeconomic status, gender inequality, and location-specific discrimination and insecurity, to shape how people are experiencing the pandemic. This policy briefing, written by Dr Joanna Howard (IDS) and a co-author (who must remain anonymous for reasons of personal security), draws on research with religious minorities living in urban slums in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states in India. Findings show that religiously motivated discrimination reduced their access to employment and statutory services during the pandemic. Harassment and violence experienced by Muslims worsened; and loss of livelihoods, distress, and despair were also acutely experienced by dalit Hindus. Government response and protection towards lower caste and religious minorities has been insufficient.

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Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, Maria Sibylla Merian Centre. Conviviality in Unequal Societies: Perspectives from Latin America Thematic Scope and Preliminary Research Programme. Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/mecila.2017.01.

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The Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America (Mecila) will study past and present forms of social, political, religious and cultural conviviality, above all in Latin America and the Caribbean while also considering comparisons and interdependencies between this region and other parts of the world. Conviviality, for the purpose of Mecila, is an analytical concept to circumscribe ways of living together in concrete contexts. Therefore, conviviality admits gradations – from more horizontal forms to highly asymmetrical convivial models. By linking studies about interclass, interethnic, intercultural, interreligious and gender relations in Latin America and the Caribbean with international studies about conviviality, Mecila strives to establish an innovative exchange with benefits for both European and Latin American research. The focus on convivial contexts in Latin America and the Caribbean broadens the horizon of conviviality research, which is often limited to the contemporary European context. By establishing a link to research on conviviality, studies related to Latin America gain visibility, influence and impact given the political and analytical urgency that accompanies discussions about coexistence with differences in European and North American societies, which are currently confronted with increasing socioeconomic and power inequalities and intercultural and interreligious conflicts.

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Hills, Thomas, Gus O'Donnell, Andrew Oswald, Eugenio Proto, and Daniel Sgroi. Understanding Happiness: A CAGE Policy Report. Edited by Karen Brandon. The Social Market Foundation, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-910683-21-7.

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Everyone wants to be happy. Over the ages, tracts of the ancient moral philosophers – Plato, Aristotle, Confucius – have probed the question of happiness. The stirring words in the preamble to the Declaration of Independence that established ‘Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness’ as ‘unalienable Rights’ served as the inspiration that launched a nation, the United States of America. Yet, more than 240 years later, the relationship between government’s objectives and human happiness is not straightforward, even over the matters of whether it can and should be a government aim. We approach this question not as philosophers, but as social scientists seeking to understand happiness through data. Our work in these pages is intended to enhance understanding of how the well-being of individuals and societies is affected by myriad forces, among them: income, inflation, governance, genes, inflation, inequality, bereavement, biology, aspirations, unemployment, recession, economic growth, life expectancies, infant mortality, war and conflict, family and social networks, and mental and physical health and health care. Our report suggests the ways in which this information might be brought to bear to rethink traditional aims and definitions of socioeconomic progress, and to create a better – and, yes, happier – world. We explain what the data say to us: our times demand new approaches. Foreword by Richard Easterlin; Introduced by Diane Coyle.

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Thompson, Stephen, Brigitte Rohwerder, and Clement Arockiasamy. Freedom of Religious Belief and People with Disabilities: A Case Study of People with Disabilities from Religious Minorities in Chennai, India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.003.

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India has a unique and complex religious history, with faith and spirituality playing an important role in everyday life. Hinduism is the majority religion, and there are many minority religions. India also has a complicated class system and entrenched gender structures. Disability is another important identity. Many of these factors determine people’s experiences of social inclusion or exclusion. This paper explores how these intersecting identities influence the experience of inequality and marginalisation, with a particular focus on people with disabilities from minority religious backgrounds. A participatory qualitative methodology was employed in Chennai, to gather case studies that describe in-depth experiences of participants. Our findings show that many factors that make up a person’s identity intersect in India and impact how someone is included or excluded by society, with religious minority affiliation, caste, disability status, and gender all having the potential to add layers of marginalisation. These various identity factors, and how individuals and society react to them, impact on how people experience their social existence. Identity factors that form the basis for discrimination can be either visible or invisible, and discrimination may be explicit or implicit. Despite various legal and human rights frameworks at the national and international level that aim to prevent marginalisation, discrimination based on these factors is still prevalent in India. While some tokenistic interventions and schemes are in place to overcome marginalisation, such initiatives often only focus on one factor of identity, rather than considering intersecting factors. People with disabilities continue to experience exclusion in all aspects of their lives. Discrimination can exist both between, as well as within, religious communities, and is particularly prevalent in formal environments. Caste-based exclusion continues to be a major problem in India. The current socioeconomic environment and political climate can be seen to perpetuate marginalisation based on these factors. However, when people are included in society, regardless of belonging to a religious minority, having a disability, or being a certain caste, the impact on their life can be very positive.

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