Dissertations / Theses: 'Socioeconomic information'

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Sakamoto, Hideo 1956. "Socioeconomic topography : inner city economic development and Geographic Information Systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9327.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-96).
Targeting project areas and defining the objectives are the most important procedures to plan neighborhood economic development, such as the Boston Main Street Program. Which shopping district is to be encouraged and how? However, this has not been an easy task, especially when the neighborhood is in the inner city, because the inner city is so diversified that planners can not find clear spatial patterns on which to base their decisions. This paper attempts to extract patterns of socioeconomic phenomena relevant to economic development and map them. The advancing technology of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has made it easier to apply raster (grid cell or bit pattern) analysis to studying urban spatial patterns. A map that shows socioeconomic phenomena via rasterization and smoothing processing is called "socioeconomic topography" here. Just as conventional topography shows us geographical features, socioeconomic topography illustrates the spatial pattern and clustering of socioeconomic features of a given area. The following maps are created as socioeconomic topography to support planning of inner city economic development: (1) land use allocation, (2) land value, (3) business variation, (4) shopping convenience, and (5) leading industrial clusters. On each map, spatial patterns stand out clearly from the chaos of Boston's inner city. Socioeconomic topography offers a new way of understanding the inner city and illuminates the need of made-to-order projects for each shopping district.
by Hideo Sakamoto.
M.C.P.

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Adebonojo, Leslie G. "Redirecting Library Instruction Based on Socioeconomic Data." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6316.

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Purpose. This paper aims to utilize data collected at the national, state, and local level to analyze our library instruction (LI) program with the goal of designing a program to best suit student needs. Design/methodology/approach. The collection and analysis of national, state, and local economic and computer access and usage statistics was carried out. Findings. Although most incoming freshmen at East Tennessee State University have access to computers and can perform basic computer functions, they do not have the skill set necessary to do college‐level research. Practical implications. Sherrod Library needs to continue providing traditional LI classes. Furthermore, new ways to train incoming freshmen in research methods need to be developed. Originality/value. The use of national, state, and local economic and computer access and usage statistics to create a profile of our students in order to assess LI and outreach programs.

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Smith, Melvin. "Socioeconomic Challenges Faced by African American Men Entering the Information Technology Industry." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/896.

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African American men experience impediments when entering the field of Information Technology (IT), which may portend the disappearance of this ethnic group from the technology-driven work force of the future. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate the socioeconomic factors faced by African American men from their own viewpoints. With this goal in mind, three research questions were studied focusing on the availably of IT resources; the quality of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) based education; and existing hiring practices within the IT industry. The conceptual framework for this study was the critical theory perspective, which provided an understanding of real and perceived problems of African American men attempting to enter the field of IT. To facilitate the collection of data for this study, a Web questionnaire program was used. The data analysis process was a 3-phase coding method which included open, axial, and selective coding in order to identify emergent themes such as: racial discrimination, economic hardships, employment opportunity, interpretations from job seeking experiences, the effects of unfulfilled needs, and inadequate access to IT. The data analysis strategy used for this research was the homogeneous sampling method, which made it possible to choose a target population of African American men enrolled in the City Colleges of Chicago who have sought employment in the IT field. The findings from this study have implications for social change by illuminating the experiences of previously-underrepresented African American men in the IT industry.

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Craycraft, Catherine Ann. "The relevance of socioeconomic information in explaining bond ratings of quasi-corporations." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1271879209.

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Tuttle, Sabrina, Jonathan Long, and Terry Crowley. "The Hualapai Reservation and Extension Programs." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144733.

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4 pp.
This fact sheet explores the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of the Hualapai reservation, and includes the extension program methods which work well on the reservation as well as collaborators who work with extension.

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Hals, Carine. "Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Analyze Possible Relations between School Choice and Segregation." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174343.

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In 1992, the Swedish education system was reformed and by that, school choice was introduced. The intention of the reform was that competition between schools would improve the level of education; however, the results among Swedish pupils have deteriorated and the differences between schools have increased since the introduction. This has caused much debate on school choice, and especially school choice in relation to socioeconomic background and segregation. This study examines whether GIS can be used to detect possible relations between the school choices, socioeconomic backgrounds and residential areas of pupils in Uppsala Municipality in Sweden. Most of the previously conducted research do not use GIS as a tool, despite the spatial aspect of this issue. By mapping the data, any geographical patterns can easier be detected, patterns which can be hard to observe in other data presentation methods such as tables or graphs. The school choices and the commuting pattern among pupils applying for preschool or year six have been visualized in relation to the social index of their corresponding living areas. Four areas and four schools have been selected as samples in order to evaluate the issue from the perspective of both the pupils and the schools. The results show that GIS is an effective way of presenting complex data and a useful tool for detecting geographical clusters. The differences in choices made by pupils of dissimilar social background can be visually detected by comparing the maps to each other. The preschool pupils tend to apply for the nearest schools, while some of the pupils applying for year six are willing to travel further distances in order to get to a more popular school or an area less socially vulnerable than their residential area. Furthermore, some deviant school choice patterns can easily be explained by examining the surrounding environment; the map can reveal for instance that the pupils had no other choice to make, that geographical obstructions such as water bodies or large streets act like separators or that the social index of a residential area perhaps do not match the affiliation felt by the inhabitants. Due to the complexity of school choice and segregation, a GIS might not be used alone for concluding on a relation between the two. However, it is a very useful tool for indicating occurrences of the phenomena and, most important, highlighting areas that are interesting for further investigation.
År 1992 reformerades det svenska utbildningssystemet och med det implementerades det fria skolvalet. Avsikten med reformen var att konkurrensen mellan skolor skulle förbättra utbildningsnivån, dock har resultaten bland svenska elever försämrats och skillnaderna mellan skolor ökat sedan introduktionen. Detta har orsakat mycket debatt om skolval och speciellt skolval i förhållande till socioekonomisk bakgrund och segregation. Denna studie undersöker om GIS kan användas för att upptäcka eventuella sammanhang mellan skolval, socioekonomiska bakgrunder och bostadsområden bland elever i Uppsala kommun i Sverige. Det mesta av tidigare forskning inom ämnet använder inte GIS som ett verktyg, detta trots problemställningens rumsliga aspekt. Genom att kartera data öppnas möjligheter för att enklare upptäcka geografiska mönster som kan vara svåra att observera med andra presentationsmetoder som tabeller eller diagram. Skolval och pendling bland elever som har ansökt om plats i förskoleklass eller till årskurs sex har visualiserats och blivit satt i sammanhang med den sociala indexen för elevernas bostadsområden. Fyra områden och fyra skolor har valts ut för att kunna utvärdera frågan ur både elevers och skolors perspektiv. Resultaten visar att GIS är ett effektivt sätt att presentera komplexa data och ett användbart verktyg för att upptäcka geografiska kluster. Skillnaderna i skolval bland elever av olika sociala bakgrunder kan upptäckas visuellt genom att jämföra kartor med varandra. Förskoleklasselever tenderar att ansöka om närmaste skola, medan några av eleverna som ska börja årskurs sex är villiga att resa längre avstånd för att komma till en mer populär skola eller till ett område som är mindre socialt utsatt än deras bostadsområde. Dessutom kan vissa avvikande skolvalsmönster enkelt förklaras genom att undersöka den omgivande miljön; kartan kan till exempel avslöja att eleverna inte hade några andra valmöjligheter, att geografiska hinder såsom vattendrag eller stora gator agerar som avgränsare eller att det sociala indexet till ett bostadsområde inte matchar den sociala tillhörigheten invånarna själva upplever. På grund av komplexiteten bakom skolval och segregation, bör GIS inte användas ensamt för att konkludera om det finns ett samband mellan de två. Det är dock ett mycket användbart verktyg för att indikera förekomster av fenomenet och framförallt för att lyfta fram områden som är intressanta för vidare utredning.

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Aiello, Brady Benjamin. "Analyzing Global Cyber Attack Correlates Through an Open Database." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1898.

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As humanity becomes more reliant on digital storage and communication for every aspect of life, cyber attacks pose a growing threat. However, cyber attacks are generally understood as individual incidents reported in technological circles, sometimes tied to a particular vulnerability. They are not generally understood through the macroscopic lens of statistical analysis spanning years over several countries and sectors, leaving researchers largely ignorant of the larger trends and correlates between attacks. This is large part due to the lack of a coherent and open database of prominent attacks. Most data about cyber attacks has been captured using a repository of common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE’s), and \honey pots", unsecured internet-connected devices which record attacks as they occur against them. These approaches help in the process of identifying vulnerabilities, but they do not capture the real world impact these attacks achieve. Therefore, in this thesis I create a database of 4,000 cyber attacks using a semi-open data source, and perform analytical queries on it to gather insights into how cyber attack volume varies among countries and sectors, and the correlates of cyber attack victims. From here, it is also possible to relate socio-economic data such as GDP and World Happiness Index to cyber attack volume. The end result is an open database of cyber attacks that allows researchers to understand the larger underlying forces which propel cyber attacks.

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Chu, Yang M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "China Urban Pollution Information Disclosure Study (CUPIDS) : socioeconomic implications of dirty industry and a guide to national cleandustrialization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81627.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).
It is now common knowledge that China's data is bad, and China's environment is polluted. In this paper I develop a simple pollution intensity index to test China's existing national and local environmental data, to answer the questions: "Bad" how? "Polluted" why? And finally: what can be done? I find that China's existing data is rudimentary, piecemeal, and inaccurate. I find that government data is not detailed, not transparent, and that non-governmental attempts at improving data quality and transparency are hamstringed by lack of official support. These data quality and transparency issues contribute to the intractability of China's industrial pollution. I also find that a pollution intensity index, like the one I develop and test in this study, can help policymakers identify pollution hotspots years before the hotspots worsen into public health emergencies. By running 2010 data through a simple algorithm, I isolate a pollution hotspot that took the Chinese government until 2013 to discover without this framework. I show that better and more accurate data, along with a mandate for continuous monitoring and analysis, can shift the current strategy from pollution control to pollution prevention, ultimately saving time, money, and lives.
by Yang Chu.
M.C.P.

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McClafferty, Julie A. "An Assessment of the Biological and Socioeconomic Feasibility of Elk Restoration in Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31295.

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The biological and socioeconomic feasibility of restoring elk (Cervus elaphus) to Virginia was assessed. Biological feasibility was determined by evaluating habitat suitability for elk while considering potential impacts of elk on existing fauna and flora in Virginia. Suitability was assessed by creating a habitat suitability index (HSI) model that measured the availability and accessibility of open foraging areas and forested cover areas, the availability of permanent water sources, and the degree of fragmentation by roads. Eight areas were identified as potential elk habitat: 1 in Southwest Virginia, 4 in the Shenandoah Mountains (Shenandoah, Highland, Big Meadows, Peaks of Otter), and 3 in the Southern Piedmont (Danville, Brookneal, Rehobeth). The highest potentials for supporting an elk herd were found in the Highland and Big Meadows study areas, medium biological feasibilities were found in the Southwest, Shenandoah, and Brookneal study areas, and low biological feasibilities were found in the Peaks of Otter, Danville, and Rehobeth study areas. A restored elk herd could negatively affect indigenous fauna and flora by changing the structure and diversity of existing forested ecosystems, but impacts can be minimized by maintaining elk populations at or below cultural carrying capacity. The introduction of diseases during restoration and possible transmission of those diseases from elk to humans, livestock, and other wildlife also are concerns, but these issues can be addressed by following a risk minimization protocol.

Socioeconomic feasibility was assessed with a statewide mail survey of Virginia residents, 4 regional stakeholder workshops, an analysis of economic costs and benefits associated with elk restoration, and an assessment of the risks of elk-human conflicts in each of the 8 study areas. Overall, most (61%) respondents agreed that elk restoration would be good for Virginia. However, the low response rate (30%) and low confidence among respondents (49%) in their knowledge about elk indicated that most residents do not have the interest and/or necessary information to form a definitive opinion. Residents believe that the greatest benefits of restoration would be the value-based and indirect ecological benefits, such as returning an extirpated species to its native range, whereas the greatest perceived costs were the economic impacts to property, crop depredation, and public safety hazards. In contrast, local stakeholder representatives identified economic returns from increased tourism due to the presence of elk and the creation of new recreational opportunities as the most anticipated benefits; important concerns were the potential for property damage by elk, the potential impacts on local ecosystems, and the costs of implementing and administering an elk restoration program and subsequent elk management. Proposed resolutions for these issues varied by region. Representatives from the Southwest and northern Shenandoah Mountain (Shenandoah and Big Meadows study site) Regions preferred not to restore elk, whereas those from the southern Shenandoah Mountain (Highland and Peaks of Otter study site) and the Southern Piedmont Regions preferred to start out small with a carefully controlled and monitored â experimentalâ population.

Economic benefits of elk restoration, as determined through analysis of data from other eastern states currently managing elk populations, are associated with tourism and the revenues brought to the community during elk hunting seasons, whereas economic costs are associated with crop damage, elk-vehicle collisions, and the administrative costs of managing an elk herd. Although the initial costs of transporting, releasing, and monitoring a founder population likely will exceed immediate benefits, once an elk population is established, benefits likely will exceed costs. However, an equitable distribution of costs and benefits must be devised so that the individuals who bear the costs are afforded a comparable or greater set of benefits.

Risk of landowner elk-conflicts was examined by comparing human population densities and growth rates, percent private versus public land, and agricultural trends across the 8 study areas. Highest risk for elk-human conflicts was identified in the Southern Piedmont Region and in the Shenandoah study site, risk was moderate in the Southwest, Big Meadows, and Peaks of Otter study sites, and risk in the Highland study site was low.

Overall, the Highland study site had the highest feasibility for elk restoration of all study areas examined; the Big Meadows and Southwest study sites both demonstrated moderate feasibility. Restoration in these areas is possible so long as management objectives remain flexible, plans are made in advance to address potential concerns, and the public is involved in the decision-making processes both before and after elk are released.
Master of Science

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Ruoff, Erin. "An Analysis of the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Skin Cancer Using the Health Information National Trends Survey, 2005." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/193.

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Background: Skin cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer yet for certain types of skin cancers, it can be fatal if it goes untreated. While ultraviolet radiation is the main cause of skin cancer, there are several other risk factors, including sunburn history, smoking, environmental pollutants, family history, personal history, and skin color. Practicing sun protection behaviors and receiving regular skin cancer screenings can prevent the cancer from ever developing. This study examines the demographic and socioeconomic status risk factors for skin cancer. Methods: The Health Information National Trends Survey data was used from 2005. Using this secondary dataset, chi-square analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of skin cancer within the demographic categories of age and race/ethnicity as well as socioeconomic status indicators educational attainment, annual household income, employment status, and marital status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the correlations of the variables with skin cancer. A p-value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were maintained throughout the analyses to determine any statistical significance. Results: Of the 3,804 respondents who answered the question related to cancer diagnosis, 226 indicated they had a positive skin cancer diagnosis, which was 5.94% of the total sample. Skin cancer and increased age were consistently associated (χ2 (2) = 171.5, p<.001). The skin cancer peak prevalence was for all those respondents aged 65 and older. Higher educational attainment and higher annual household income were associated with greater likelihood of skin cancer. Conclusions: This study revealed that skin cancer is significantly associated with increased age, higher educational attainment, and higher annual household income. Implementing consistent screening practices and targeted behavioral interventions are important areas for health focus in the future.

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Donkor, Kweku. "Geography of Tuberculosis in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2763/.

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In Ghana, spatial patterns of TB vary for different regions and variations may occur within the same region. This study examines TB distribution in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Behavioral, cultural and economic variables associated with TB morbidity are examined. From January 1998 to June 1999, data obtained from the Ghana Ministry of Health revealed that, men had a higher TB rate than women, TB was common among the age groups 20-29 and 30-39, and the average TB rate of 67.7 per 100, 000 population in the Greater Accra Region was higher than the national average (58.6 per 100,000 population). Using the human ecology model, this study attempts to explain the spatial distribution of the disease.

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Busari, Olasunkanmi Abiola. "The Spatial Distribution and Socioeconomic Impacts of African Immigrants in the US: The Case of Nigerians in Toledo Metropolitan Region, Northwest Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1573836229975897.

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Soto, Juan, and Magnus Fransson. "Language is the Key to All Learning : A Study in the Preschools' and Kindergartens' Work for Future Inclusion in Socioeconomic Vulnerable Areas." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45581.

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This study is focusing on the importance of the development of children’s language skills in preschools and kindergartens for successful implementation of children’s capabilities in future life. This is particularly vital for children growing up in socioeconomic vulnerable areas. The Swedish Police Authority defines Socioeconomic vulnerable areas as having a high unemployment rate, high crime rate and failed schoolings resulting which contributes to a social exclusion from the Swedish society, which lead to the unfortunate emergence of parallel societies. Swedish Government has assigned a one hundred million Swedish Krones for investing in implementation of sustainable social future for people in the socioeconomic vulnerable areas, but the Swedish scientific community is raising a concern that so far there are not enough studies made to reveal the strategic focus points for this investment. More studies on the subject are urgently needed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate in this knowledge gap, particularly in finding connection between identity creation and language development and in comparing of different preschool and kindergarten teachers' approaches for improvement of children’s language development skills as well as finding ways to improve a cooperation with children’s guardians. In accordance with Sen and Nussbaum Capability Approach, an education should help children to advance in their capabilities as a prerequisite for sustainable development goals achievement in future. This study’s quotative and qualitative analysis is based on a Hermeneutic approach and semi-structured interviews. The respondents are explaining their concepts and views on the subject and several of them are noticing an age-connected pattern in development of children’s personalities as being formed primarily through development of their language skills. Some of the interview-questions touch upon finding an effective intercultural and sociocultural ways of cooperating with children’s guardians in order to develop children’s capabilities. The guardians’ greater embedment in cooperation is ought to help bringing up a democratic citizen well-integrated in the society as well as to lead to an improvement of students’ grades on later stages of compulsory education. The study lays basis for further studies on the subject.
Denna studie fokuserar på vikten av att utveckla barns språkkunskaper i förskolor för ett framgångsrikt genomförande av barns förmåga i framtida liv. Detta är särskilt viktigt för barn som växer upp i socioekonomiska utsatta områden. Polismyndigheten definierar socioekonomiska utsatta områden som hög arbetslöshet, hög brottslighet och misslyckade skolor, vilket leder till en social utestängning från det svenska samhället, vilket leder till att det uppstår olyckliga parallella samhällen. Den svenska regeringen har tilldelat hundra miljoner svenska kronor för att investera i genomförandet av en hållbar social framtid för människor i de socioekonomiska utsatta områdena, men det svenska vetenskapssamhället väcker oro för att det hittills inte finns tillräckligt med studier för att avslöja de strategiska fokuspunkterna för denna investering. Det behövs akut fler studier om ämnet. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka i denna kunskapsklyfta, särskilt när det gäller att hitta samband mellan identitetsskapande och språkutveckling och att jämföra olika förskolelärares tillvägagångssätt för förbättring av barns språkutvecklingsfärdigheter samt att hitta sätt att förbättra ett samarbete med barns vårdnadshavare. I enlighet med kapacitetsmetoden Sen och Nussbaum bör en utbildning hjälpa barn att utvecklas i sin förmåga som en förutsättning för att framtida mål för hållbar utveckling ska uppnås. Studiens kvotativa och kvalitativa analys bygger på ett hermeneutiskt tillvägagångssätt och halvstrukturerade intervjuer. Respondenterna förklarar sina begrepp och åsikter om ämnet och flera av dem märker ett åldersrelaterat mönster i utvecklingen av barns personligheter som främst bildas genom utveckling av deras språkkunskaper. Några av intervjufrågorna berör att hitta ett effektivt interkulturellt och sociokulturellt sätt att samarbeta med barns vårdnadshavare för att utveckla barns förmåga. Förmyndarnas större inbäddning i samarbete borde hjälpa till att fostra en demokratisk medborgare som är väl integrerad i samhället samt att leda till en förbättring av elevernas betyg i senare stadier av obligatorisk utbildning. Studien lägger grunden för ytterligare studier om ämnet.

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Godfrey, David. "Ecological Diversity in Hillsborough County, Florida: Correlations between Landscape Metrics and Socio-demographic Variables." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4492.

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Landscape metrics, a means of quantifying landscape attributes, are frequently used in landscape ecology to describe the spatial characteristics of a landscape, but they have been less often used in anthropology. Using geographic information system (GIS) software, this study tests a method that investigates statistical correlations between groundcover landscape metrics and socio-demographic variables in Hillsborough County, Florida. Statistically significant correlations were found, illustrating the potential utility of this exploratory method. Wealthier areas with fewer ethnic minorities tend to be more fragmented and diverse in terms of groundcover; these areas also tend to have a lower percentage of impervious surfaces. The method of analysis is critiqued and applications for the results are discussed with the hope that they might help guide municipal planners in designing better urban communities.

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Webb, Margaret J. "An assessment and review of currently existing databases as a foundation for the monitoring of health status of a population within a defined geographic location /." St. John's, NF : [s.n.], 2001. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,51432.

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ALNASRALLAH, MOHAMMAD A. "GEOGRAPHIC DISPARITIES OF OBESITY AS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE IN SUMMIT COUNTY, OHIO." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1436765800.

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Flores, Quispe Cesar Eddy, Mamani Eduardo Mamani, and Camacho Luis Enrique Vargas. "Análisis de implementación de prefabricados y el uso de herramientas modernas como el Bim y Lean Construction para viviendas destinadas al sector socioeconómico “C” en la ciudad de Juliaca." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626010.

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Según estudios realizados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática – INEI, en la región de Puno, en los censos de 1993 y 2007 existe un crecimiento demográfico emigrante de las zonas rurales a la zona urbana, de la ciudad de Juliaca, gran parte de esta población pertenece al sector socioeconómico “C”; por lo que la demanda de la adquisición de la vivienda propia que sea de bajo costo y además cumpla con las necesidades básica que se incrementaron para dicha población. El objetivo de esta tesis consiste en el desarrollo y utilización de nuevas tecnologías de gestión como es el uso del BIM (Building Information Modeling) y el Lean Construction para el desarrollo de una vivienda unifamiliar en la ciudad de Juliaca, como así también la implementación del uso de materiales y técnicas de construcción novedosos tales como son los prefabricados de concreto; con estas nuevas tendencias de construcción y gestión se procura aminorar los costos y tener la posibilidad de adquirir la vivienda propia para este sector de la población. Dentro de este estudio se establece que los prefabricados a utilizarse en este proceso constructivo de la vivienda serán los paneles tipo Sándwich y las prelosas, las cuales son comparadas con el sistema tradicional que corresponde a un sistema aporticado que es usado mayormente en la ciudad de Juliaca.
According to some statistical studies by Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática – INEI, in the region of Puno, performed in the 1993 and 2007 Census; there is increasing of immigrant population who belong to the "C" socioeconomical sector; for which low-cost own housing that meets the requirements of this population has shown a strong growth. The aim of this thesis consists in developing and use of new technologies of management in building, as the usage of BIM (Building Informatio Modeling), and Lean Construction in order to get a single-family house built in the city of Juliaca, as well as the implementation of the use of new materials and new construction techniques, as pre-fabricated concrete construction products; with these new construction and management trends, we seek to lower costs and to get the possibility to obtain own housing for this sector of the population. Pre-fabricated construction products to be used in this process of building of houses will be Sandwich panels and floor plates, which will be compared with the traditional building breached system used mostly used in the city of Juliaca.
Trabajo de investigación

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Song, Xingqiang. "A Pressure-oriented Approach to Water Management." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-94861.

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Without a comprehensive understanding of anthropogenic pressures on the water environment, it is difficult to develop effective and efficient strategies to support water management in a proactive way. A broader systems perspective and expanded information systems are therefore essential to aid in systematically exploring interlinks between socioeconomic activities and impaired waters at an appropriate scale. This thesis examined the root causes of human-induced water problems, taking the socioeconomic sector into account and using systems thinking and life cycle thinking as the two main methods. The European DPSIR (Drivers-Pressures-State of the Environment-Impacts-Responses) framework was also used as a basis for discussing two kinds of approaches to water management, namely state/impacts-oriented and pressure-oriented. The results indicate that current water management approaches are mainly state/impacts-oriented. The state/impacts-oriented approach is mainly based on observed pollutants in environmental monitoring and/or on biodiversity changes in ecological monitoring. Employing this approach, the main concern is hydrophysical and biogeochemical changes in the water environment and the end result is reactive responses to combat water problems. As a response, a pressure-oriented approach, derived from a DPR (Drivers-Pressures-Responses) model, was developed to aid in alleviating/avoiding human-induced pressures on the water environment. From a principal perspective, this approach could lead to proactive water-centric policy and decision making and the derivation of pressure-oriented information systems. The underlying principle of the DPR approach is that many root causes of human-induced water problems are closely related to anthroposphere metabolism. An industrial ecology (IE) perspective, based on the principle of mass/material balance, was also introduced to trace water flows in the human-oriented water system and to account for emissions/wastes discharged into the natural water system. This IE-based perspective should be used as part of the basis for developing pressure-oriented monitoring and assessing impacts of human-induced pressures on recipient waters. While demonstrating the use of the pressure-oriented approach, two conceptual frameworks were developed, for water quantity and water quality analysis, respectively. These two frameworks could help motivate decision makers to consider water problems in a broader socioeconomic and environment context. Thus they should be the first step in making a broader systems analysis in any given river basin, regarding setting systems boundary and identifying data availability. In this context, a combined hydrological and administrative boundary is suggested to monitor anthropogenic processes and organise socioeconomic activity statistics.
QC 20120515

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Habermann, Mateus. "Prevalência de exposição aos campos eletromagnéticos e justiça ambiental no município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-15062009-112244/.

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O trabalho discutiu a crescente problemática do risco em nosso atual paradigma tecnológico, sua percepção e tolerabilidade, assim como a distribuição desigual destes entre a sociedade. A hipótese fundamental que enfatiza Justiça Ambiental refere-se aos perigos e riscos desproporcionalmente ou injustamente distribuídos entre grupos sociais mais vulneráveis, geralmente pobres e minorias, acarretados pelos riscos ambientais relativos à vida moderna. A crescente preocupação com a poluição eletromagnética gerada pela transmissão e uso de energia elétrica tem mobilizado diversos setores da sociedade na busca por respostas sobre a relação da exposição a campos eletromagnéticos e riscos a saúde. Portanto, o trabalho teve o objetivo de quantificar o percentual de pessoas que residem em áreas próximas a linhas de transmissão de energia elétrica que atravessam o município de São Paulo, Brasil, e dessa forma potencialmente expostas aos campos eletromagnéticos por elas geradas. Informações sobre linhas de transmissão foram fornecidas pelas concessionárias de energia e geocodificadas usando o software de sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) Mapinfo®. Corredores com campo magnético 0.3T foram demarcados ao longo das linhas de transmissão, a largura desses variou conforme tensão da linha (em kV). Dados demográficos e socioeconômicos foram obtidos através do censo 2000 e incluídos no SIG em outra camada. Através deste levantamento, foi possível estimar o percentual da população potencialmente exposta aos campos eletromagnéticos gerados por linhas de transmissão aéreas que atravessam o município de São Paulo, em suas mais diversas características, como faixa etária, além de renda e escolaridade. Esses corredores incluíram cerca de 1,3% dos domicílios e 1,4% da população residente no município de São Paulo, sendo esta considerada exposta aos campos eletromagnéticos gerados por essas linhas. Através da análise socioeconômica, o estudo sugeriu que a população exposta aos campos eletromagnéticos possuía maior vulnerabilidade, como baixos índices de renda e escolaridade, o que chamou a atenção para fato dos campos eletromagnéticos das linhas de transmissão aéreas serem mais uma carga danosa delegada a estas populações.
The paper discussed the raising problem of risk in our current technological paradigm, their perception and tolerability, as well as their unequal distribution among the society. The fundamental assumption that emphasizes Environmental Justice refers to the hazards and risks disproportionately or unfairly distributed among the most vulnerable social groups, generally poor and minorities, generated by environmental risks relating to modern life. The raising concern about electromagnetic pollution generated by transmission and use of electric energy has mobilized various sectors of society in the search for answers about the relationship of exposure to electromagnetic fields and risks to health. Therefore, the work aimed to quantify the percentage of people living in areas bordering transmission lines that cross the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and therefore, potentially exposed to EMF generated by these lines. Information on transmission lines were provided by the utilities and geocoded using the geographic information system (GIS) software Mapinfo®. Corridors 0.3T magnetic field were demarcated around the transmission lines, the width of these lines varied with the line charge (kV). Demographic and socioeconomic data was obtained through the census 2000 and included in the GIS in another layer. Through this survey, it was possible to estimate the percentage of the population potentially exposed to electromagnetic fields generated by transmission lines that cross the city of São Paulo, in its more diverse characteristics, such as age, in addition to income and education. The corridors included approximately 1.4% of households, and 1.3% of the population of the city of São Paulo, thus considered exposed to the electromagnetic fields generated by such lines. Through socioeconomic analysis, the study has suggested that the population exposed to electromagnetic fields was most vulnerable, with low levels of income and education, were those who had higher prevalence to reside in these areas. Electromagnetic fields from power lines are another harmful burden delegated to these populations.

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Gamarra, Carmen Justina. "Magnitude da mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero no Brasil, 1996-2005." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5014.

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O presente estudo teve, por objetivo, corrigir a magnitude dos óbitos registrados por câncer do colo do útero no Brasil, e analisar a magnitude da mortalidade por este câncer e sua associação com indicadores sociais, nos estados da região Nordeste, Brasil, no período compreendido entre 1996 a 2005. Para a correção do sub-registro, foram utilizados os fatores criados pelo Projeto Carga Global de Doença no Brasil-1998. Metodologia de redistribuição proporcional foi utilizada para redistribuir as categorias de diagnósticos desconhecidas, incompletas ou mal definidas de óbitos identificadas no sistema de informação sobre mortalidade, exceto os dados ausentes de idade, corrigidos através de imputação. As correções foram aplicadas para cada Unidade Federativa do pais, segundo sexo e grupo etário, e os resultados apresentados para o Brasil e cada grande região e suas respectivas áreas geográficas (capital, demais municípios das regiões metropolitanas e interior). Tendências temporais de mortalidade foram analisadas através de regressão linear simples para cada estado da região Nordeste. Índice de variação percentual foi utilizado para determinar a variabilidade da magnitude das taxas, antes e após a correção dos óbitos. Através de regressão linear, foram analisados o comportamento da correção, e as correlações entre os indicadores socioeconômicos e as taxas de mortalidade por câncer do colo de útero sem e com correção. Após as correções, as taxas de mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero no Brasil mostraram um acréscimo percentual 103,4%, com variação de 35%, para as capitais da região Sul, a 339%, para o interior da região Nordeste. Foram encontradas correlações positivas entre alguns indicadores socioeconômicos e taxas sem correção, e correlações negativa entre esses mesmos indicadores e taxas corrigidas. Com outros indicadores socioeconômicos, observou-se o inverso dessa situação. Os resultados da correção apresentaram consistência em termos geográficos e em relação aos achados da literatura, permitindo concluir que a metodologia proposta foi adequada para corrigir a magnitude das taxas de mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero no país. Se analises comparativas sobre as condições socioeconômicas e o comportamento deste câncer forem estimadas sem quaisquer conhecimentos acerca da cobertura e qualidade de registro dos óbitos, pode-se incorrer a conclusões equivocadas. Considerando a magnitude corrigida da mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero, podemos afirmar que o problema desta doença na região Nordeste e no país, e mais grave do que o observado nos informes oficiais. Contudo, os resultados apontam que os programas de controle e detecção precoce desenvolvidos no país já mostram resultados positivos.
This study aimed to correct the magnitude of registered deaths from cancer of the cervix in Brazil, and analyze the magnitude of mortality from this cancer and its association with social indicators in the states of the Northeast region, Brazil, in the period 1996 to 2005. For correction of under-registration, we used the factors created by the Global Burden of Disease Project in Brazil-1998. To redistribute the categories of diagnosis unknown, incomplete or poorly defined deaths, identified in the information system on mortality, was used the methodology of proportional redistribution, except the missing data of age, corrected by imputation. The corrections were applied to each state of the country, by sex and age group, and the results presented for Brazil and each major region and their respective geographical areas (capital, other cities and metropolitan areas of the interior). Temporal trends of mortality were analyzed using simple linear regression for each state of the region. Index percentage change was used to determine the variability of the magnitude of the rates before and after correction of the deaths. By linear regression, we analyzed the behavior of the correction and the correlations between the socio-economic indicators and mortality rates for cervical cancer with and without correction. After the correction, the mortality rates for cervical cancer in Brazil showed a percentile increment of 103.4%, with variation of 35% for capitals of South region, 339% for the interior of Northeastern region. Positive correlations between some socioeconomic indices and non -corrected rates, and negative association the same indices and fixed rates were evidenced. With others socioeconomic indices, the opposite behavior was observed. The results showed consistency in geographical terms and in relation to findings in the literature, allowing concluding that the proposed methodology was appropriate to correct the magnitude of the mortality rates for cervical cancer in the country. If comparative analysis on the socio-economic conditions and the behavior of this cancer are estimated without any knowledge about the quality and coverage of registration of deaths, wrong conclusions could be obtained. Considering the corrected magnitude of this disease we can affirm that cervical cancer in Northeastern region of Brazil is a problem bigger than the stated in the official reports. However, the results suggest that control and early detection programs developed in this country has shown positive results.

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Zibordi, Marianna Stella. "Analise multivariada para gestão socioeconomica e ambiental da agropecuaria na Bacia hidrografica do Rio Mogi Guaçu." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257254.

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Orientador: João Luiz Cardoso
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T08:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zibordi_MariannaStella_D.pdf: 5736879 bytes, checksum: 75d65dc6bbb72d67d144ee0dcffe8998 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004
Resumo: Atualmente, com a ocorrência de problemas ambientais e a necessidade de conservação e preservação, a gestão dos territórios de Bacias Hidrográficas apresenta extrema importância. O objetivo do trabalho foi levantar e analisar dados socioeconômicos e físico-ambientais da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Mogi Guaçu, bem como fornecer subsídios para a gestão agropecuária, agrupando os municípios com características semelhantes para os dados levantados, o que poderá orientar ações conjuntas na gestão da Bacia Hidrográfica. O Estado de São Paulo é dividido em vinte e duas Unidades de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos (UGRHI). A UGRHI 09 é formada pelos territórios dos municípios contidos na Bacia do Rio Mogi Guaçu e localiza-se na região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo e sudoeste de Minas Gerais, ocupando uma área de aproximadamente 15.000 km2. Foram levantados dados primários e secundários, contemplando-se os aspectos da agropecuária na referida bacia. Foram utilizados os métodos da análise fatorial em componentes principais e da classificação automática hierárquica, bem como um Sistema de Informações Geográficas para representar os dados, através de um banco de dados geo-referenciado. O procedimento foi o seguinte: seleção das variáveis que contemplam os aspectos de interesse; aplicação da análise fatorial em componentes principais (utilizando os dados secundários); utilização das coordenadas dos primeiros fatores (no máximo 5) como base para a classificação automática hierárquica; realização da análise de classificação automática hierárquica; análises dos dendrogramas para a formação dos possíveis agrupamentos; visualização dos dados e agrupamentos através do banco de dados geo-referenciado; complementação das análises utilizando as informações obtidas por meio do levantamento de dados primários. As principais características que contribuíram para o agrupamento dos municípios foram área agrícola, presença efetiva de cultura semiperene nas unidades de produção agropecuárias (upas), representada pela atividade canavieira, concentração de upas com áreas de até 50 hectares, existência da pecuária, número de máquinas e equipamentos, valor da produção agropecuária e diferentes classes de capacidade de uso do solo. A metodologia apresentada permite a realização de várias análises, podendo ser explorada de maneira dinâmica e com grande interação de informações, gerando condições muito proveitosas e de real utilidade ao desenvolvimento regional
Doutorado
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

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Manoharan, Aroon P. "A study of institutional, contextual and socioeconomic factors affecting county e-government." 2009. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10002600001.ETD.000052275.

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Thorn, Thomas. "Testing for Heteroskedasticity in Bivariate Probit Models." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4670.

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Two score tests for heteroskedasticity in the errors of a bivariate Probit model are developed, and numerous simulations are performed. These tests are based on an outer product of the gradient estimate of the information matrix, and are constructed using an artificial regression. The empirical sizes of both tests are found to be well-behaved, settling down to the nominal size under the asymptotic distribution as the sample size approaches 1000 observations. Similarly, the empirical powers of both tests increase quickly with sample size. The largest improvement in power occurs as the sample size increases from 250 to 500. An application with health care data from the German Socioeconomic Panel is performed, and strong evidence of heteroskedasticity is detected. This suggests that the maximum likelihood estimator for the standard bivariate Probit model will be inconsistent in this particular case.
Graduate
0501

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Yang, Ching-hsiung, and 楊景雄. "The research of Socioeconomic Differences in information and communication technology beliefs and outside school experience of elementary school students." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19618883814036059118.

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碩士
國立屏東教育大學
數位學習教學碩士學位學程
99
The purpose of this study was to explain the students the correlation between socio-economic status (SES),beliefs about information and communication technology (ICT), and extra-curricular learning resources. Grades 5 and 6 students (N = 286) who were enrolled in a position of public primary schools in Cishan, located in areas with different demographic characteristics, questionnaire survey of information and communication technology to solve their self-efficiency and value beliefs, outside the school of ICT access and activities, perceived parental support and monitoring in the family activities of information and communication technology, and access to sources of support for science and technology outside the home. The survey, students from socio-economic status of family background tend to have a positive opinion of the value of information and communication technology, but students from low-SES families showed lower self-confidence in their ICT skills. Parents from all SES backgrounds seemed to view equally favorably their children’s action with ICT, and perceived parental support interrelated highly with students’ ICT value beliefs. However,students from low-SES families seemed to have fewer chances to develop ICT ability,which may resolve why they showed less positive self-efficiency. Findings emphasize the need for school ICT integration efforts by previous experience to take into account differences in students and to cater for students with home computer.

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Ding, Shichang. "User Attribute Inference via Mining User-Generated Data." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-150E-5.

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Zhao, Tao. "Identification of Online Users' Social Status via Mining User-Generated Data." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0003-C1B1-A.

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Abah, Roland Clement. "An application of GIS and remote sensing for land use evaluation and suitability mapping for yam, cassava, and rice in the Lower River Benue Basin, Nigeria." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22176.

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Agricultural production has contributed over time to food security and rural economic development in developing countries particularly supporting the countryside. Evidence show that crop yields are declining in the Lower River Benue Basin of Nigeria. This study conducted a land use evaluation and suitability mapping for production of yam, cassava and also assessed the possible socioeconomic impediments that may hinder or enhance sustainable agricultural development in the Lower River Benue Basin. The study adopted physical assessments and socioeconomic approach coupled with mapping which incorporated processing of satellite imagery. Statistical methods were used to measure the status, trends, level of dispersion, and relationships between the variables of physical and socioeconomic parameters. Modelling techniques for determining potential impacts assessment, agricultural suitability index, adaptive capacity index, finally producing suitability maps. Geo-informatics processes were used to produce a digital elevation model, land use and land cover map, and normalised difference vegetation index map. The results were thematic maps, weighted percentages of attribute data, and suitability maps produced through weighted overlay. An intensive analysis of climatological data depicted a progressive intensity of rainfall, and a decreasing trend in the number of rain days; a gradual temperature rise; and high relative humidity during the planting season which is about 168 days. Laboratory analysis show that soils in the study area require fertility enhancement with inorganic fertilisers to encourage better crop yield. Results show that the Lower River Benue Basin is suitable for yam, cassava, and rice cultivation as classified on maps of suitable areas. Rice had the highest suitability percentages (38.30%). The study area was found to be moderately suitable for each of the crops examined by more than 40% for each crop. Cassava had the least suitability percentages (34.47%). Evidence suggests that agricultural development in the Lower River Benue Basin is under threat from potential impacts of climate variability and change, population growth, and infectious diseases. The agricultural suitability index of the study area regards the study area as suitable (70.5%) and the adaptive capacity index of the study area was moderate (50.83%), but it was found that serious attention need to be given to farm technology and infrastructure. Mitigation strategies and recommendations which are beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture have been provided in line with the established characteristics of the Lower River Benue Basin.
Environmental Sciences
D. Phil. (Environmental Management)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socioeconomic information'

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