Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socioekonomiska och demografiska faktorer'
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Edstam, Kristina, and Josefin Boijsen. "Svenska kvinnors alkoholanvändning före och under graviditet i relation till demografiska och socioekonomiska förhållanden : En deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-225243.
Full textRolands, Oliver. "Den svenska demokratin på lokal nivå : En studie om valdeltagandet i Sveriges regionala statistikområden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37666.
Full textKarlberg, Jenny, and Anita Norén-Nilsson. "Socioekonomiska faktorer och karies : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6090.
Full textIntroduktion: Karies är en multifaktoriell sjukdom och en av de mest förekommande infektionssjukdomarna som finns världen över. Den kan förekomma i olika svårighetsgrad och orsaka såväl smärta som en försämrad livskvalitet hos individen. Trots att det har skett en minskning av kariesförekomsten hos befolkningen, framför allt i Sverige, de senaste årtiondena finns det individer som tillhör riskgrupper för att utveckla mycket karies.
Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka socioekonomiska faktorers samband med kariesförekomst.
Frågeställningar: Vilka samband finns mellan socioekonomiska faktorer och karies bland barn och ungdomar? Vilka samband finns mellan socioekonomiska faktorer och karies bland vuxna och äldre?
Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie.
Resultat: Tjugoåtta vetenskapliga artiklar ligger till grund för denna litteraturstudie. Utbildningsnivå, såväl hos en vuxen person som hos barn/ungdomars föräldrar, är den vanligast förekommande socioekonomiska faktor som påverkar kariesförekomst. Andra faktorer som påverkar kariesförekomsten är att ha invandrarbakgrund, låg inkomst och lågt klassat yrke hos en vuxen person och hos barn/ungdomars föräldrar samt bostadsområde/ort.
Slutsats: Att ha lågt socioekonomiskt status innebär en riskfaktor för karies. Vanliga faktorer som används för att beskriva socioekonomiskt status är utbildning, inkomst, yrke, invandrarbakgrund och bostadsområde. Personer med lågt socioekonomiskt status har ofta fler karierade och saknade tänder medan antalet fyllda tänder oftast är högre bland personer med högre socioekonomiskt status.
Bergström, DIjar, and Oskar Kösanlioglu. "Sambandet mellan kariesminskning i världen och socioekonomiska faktorer." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19646.
Full textAbstractBackground: The index Decayed, Missing, Filled, Tooth (DMFT) has declined in many parts of the world in the last century. Results from several studies indicate that DMFT can be dependent of socioeconomic factors. However, most of the studies have only examined a few factors and on a subnational level while studies on a global scale are lacking.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between caries decline and socio-economic factors. Material and method: Socioeconomic factors have been chosen and the data for each variable have been obtained using World Bank. DMFT- value between 1960-2017 for various states and provinces has been obtained using Oral Health Country/area Profile Project (CAPP). Only periods of time when decline of caries has occurred were included. Linear regression was used to analyze data. DMFT has been set as a dependent variable and socioeconomic factors as independent variables. P-value was set to 0.05. Previous studies and research in the subject were used to formulate hypotheses.Results: A total of six variables proved to have a correlation with DMFT during periods of caries decline, and the following statistical significance values were obtained for these variables: Poverty rate (p=0.027), Gini (6x 10-6), share of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (p=0.017), share of industry in GDP (p=7x10-7), life expectancy (p=1.35x10-4), sugar consumption (p=0.012). Among variables proved not to have a correlation with DMFT during periods of caries decline, the following significance values were obtained: GDP per capita (p=0.440), annual growth of GDP per capita (p=0.419), unemployment rate (p=0.699), literacy rate (p=0.304).Conclusion: The independent variables poverty rate, Gini, share of industry in GDP, share of agriculture in GDP and sugar consumption had a positive correlation with DMFT. That means the higher value of these variables, the higher DMFT, during the timespans of caries decline. Life expectancy had a conversely correlation during corresponding periods. GDP per capita, annual growth of GDP per capita, unemployment rate and literacy rate had no correlation with the DMFT-value, during periods of caries decline.
Neubert, Jenni, and Sofie Jönsson. "Elevers socioekonomiska status och dess påverkan i naturkunskapsklassrummet." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-36235.
Full textNäslund, Viktor. "Stroke, diabetes och akut hjärtinfarkt i Örebro Län : en klusteranalys av socioekonomiska faktorer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-153416.
Full textFastrup, Karolina, and Vergara Daniela Gonzalez. "Vem går och röstar? : En kvantitativ undersökning om valdeltagande." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-99948.
Full textAgné, Alvin, and Maiju Ruokanen. "Revisorers benägenhet att lämna orena revisionsberättelser och Going Concern-varningar: kopplingar till demografiska faktorer." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-13310.
Full textNilsson, Fredrik, and Hjelm Mikael Marklund. "Faktorer som påverkar risken att avlida efter en stroke : En överlevnadsanalys med fokus på interaktion mellan kön och socioekonomiska faktorer." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136509.
Full textBrodzinska, Monika. "Väljarbeteende i rurala och urbana områden : En kvantitativ studie om platsens och socioekonomiska faktorers betydelse för väljarbeteende." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-439785.
Full textHungefält, Laura, and Cecilia Lager. "Associationen mellan socioekonomiska faktorer och övervikt/fetma bland barn mellan 0 - 12 år : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15823.
Full textIntroduction: Overweight and obesity among children have increased worldwide over the last 30 years. The fact that children develop overweight and obesity isn’t only related to lifestyle, but an underlying cause can be linked to parents’ socioeconomic status, SES (Folkhälsomyndigheten, 2017). SES can be described as a collective term for educational and occupational level as well as income. The purpose of this thesis was to map the relationship between socioeconomic factors and overweight/obesity among children between 0 – 12 years old. Method: Ten scientific articles were selected for this literature review. From these articles, five themes emerged which outlined the base for this literature review. Results: The studies showed that a connection between SES and overweight/obesity in children exists. The parents’ educational level, the weight of the mother, access to physical activity and also TV viewing habits can be linked to SES and considered as risk factors for overweight and obesity. Discussion: The results from the articles show that the existence of societal, economic and environmental determinants affect lifestyle. Society’s decision makers have a responsibility to facilitate individuals’ decision-making processes regarding health choices, therefore it’s important that society’s various actors are involved in the overall endeavor to promote health.
Benhabara, Chanelle Zeyneb, and Milan Ilic. "Hur påverkas fritidsaktiviteter av socioekonomiska faktorer? : En studie om sambandet mellan fritidsaktiviteter och individers utbildning, klass och lön." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-125611.
Full textMånsson, Johanna, and Astrid Tingström. "Hållbara investeringar : En analys av svenska SR-investerare En studie om hur svenska aktiesparares ESG-snitt påverkas av demografiska och socioekonomiska aspekter." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158226.
Full textBackground: Swedish investors have an increased interest in sustainable investments, thus the demand for measuring companies’ sustainability work, based on ESG criteria, has increased. Research on who, based on demographic and socioeconomic aspects, that choose to invest in ESG shares is limited. Previous research has mainly studied sustainable fund savings through surveys. Purpose: The thesis aims to analyze whether differences in ESG mean in the stock portfolios of Swedish SR-investors can be explained by demographic and socioeconomic differences. Furthermore, the thesis aims to identify what demographic group has the highest preference for each sub group of ESG. Completion: Through a unique data set, we perform multivariate regressions, which enables a comparison of ESG means in stock portfolios of different demographic groups. Through research questions, we discuss and compare the results with previous research. Conclusion: The study finds that the Swedish SR-investor with the highest ESG mean in the stock portfolio is most likely an older woman, with low income and living in a larger city. Furthermore, the study finds that middle aged and older women, with low income and living in and outside a larger city, have the highest preference for each sub group of ESG. In addition, the study finds both similarities and differences between these results and previous research.
Abdulahad, Jennifer, and Lisa Nordling. "Inget vågat, inget vunnet : En kvantitativ studie om skillnader i riskbenägenhet mellan män och kvinnor utifrån demografiska faktorer och geografiska områden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29831.
Full textHellqvist, Lena. "Tobaksbruk och tandvårdsvanor bland 15-70 åringar ur ett 20-års perspektiv (1983 - 2003)." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Vårdvetenskap med inriktning mot munhälsa, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-2937.
Full textMuzungu, Marie-Suzanne, and von Saenger Isabelle Holmin. "Skillnad i upplevd hälsa hos utrikes- och inrikesfödda i Sverige : - En kvantitativ studie om hälsa utifrån socioekonomiska faktorer, socialt nätverk och familjeförhållanden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-130422.
Full textAndersson, Tove. "Ungdomars attityder till det omgivande samhället : En enkätstudie av 35 ungdomars attityder analyserat utifrån socioekonomiska faktorer, uppväxtmiljö samt fritidsvanor." Thesis, Södertörn University College, Lärarutbildningen, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1474.
Full textYouths tend to have a bad reputation. Their outspokenness and spontaneity are two of many reasons to why they are seen as rude and disrespectful. The creativity, curiosity and not least the courage to have opinions and attitudes are in such young age not yet weakened. Youths, their thoughts and attitudes change quickly. This essay will deal with a selected group of youths and their attitudes to the surrounding society. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between youth’s socioeconomic condition, growth environment, spare time habits and attitudes to the surrounding society. The respondents are 13 and 15 years old.
A personal interest in youth’s creativity, thoughts and attitudes is the choice of topic. I will, furthermore, daily in my future employment meet, learn from and be surrounded by youths. An increasing understanding for youth’s lives will thus be significant for my future years as a teacher.
Pajkin, Maria. "Socioekonomisk bakgrund och dess betydelse för läsförmåga och betyg : En undersökning av samband mellan socioekonomisk bakgrund, attityder till läsning, läsaktiviteter å ena sidan och resultat på läsprov och betyg å andra sidan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik (PED), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38753.
Full textKilman-Plahn, Jasmine. "Vad är de viktigaste skälen till ansträngning i arbetet? : En kvantitativ studie om samband mellan demografiska- och sociala faktorer med arbetsmotivation." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-156834.
Full textErlandsson, Fanny, and Jessica Velander. "”Socioekonomiska faktorers påverkan på tonåringars psykiska hälsa” : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15845.
Full textBackground Mental health issues in adolescents have been a growing problem over the last few years. Socioeconomic factors, or factors relating to the social and economic environment appear to play a part in this trend. The aim of this study was to explore the literature available on how socioeconomic factors impact adolescents mental health. Method The study was a literature review. Data was collected in Academic Search Elite, CINAHL and Ebsco Medline. The data collection processes resulted in the finding of 10 scientific articles. The articles were analyzed in order to find the themes that made up the results of this study. Results “Social factors”, “disadvantage”, “context and personal traits” and “type of factors” are themes that frequently occured in the ten selected articles and all four aspects appear to impact the mental health of adolescents. Discussion The findings of this study show that socioeconomic factors greatly impact the mental health of adolescents and in a variety of different ways. It is important to consider context, type of factor and personal qualities of an individual when exploring how a particular socioeconomic factor will impact a particular adolescent.
Rosdahl, Sofie. "Barn i behov av särskilt stöd och likvärdigheten - ett socioekonomiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29346.
Full textSheikhani, Mardin, Johan Juhlin, and Malin Mårtens. "Främling, vad döljer du för mig? : En kvantitativ studie om förtroende inom virtuella team kopplat till demografiska faktorer och dess innebörd för organisationen." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48260.
Full textMoussa, Wedad, and Monika Czubala. "Går det att identifiera en mer avgörande faktor för DMFT-index hos 12-åriga barn i ett urval av länder?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19766.
Full textAim: The purpose of this study is to present and identify a more decisive factor for the DMFT-index among the examined biological and socio-economic factors. Methods: A qualitative document analysis has been carried out with a narrative review of the importance of biological and socio-economic factors for 12-year-old children’s DMFT-index in a selection of countries over time. The Country Area Profile Project has been used for the collection of DMFT-index and sugar consumption. The studied biological factors are sugar consumption and water fluoridation. The socio-economic factors are social unrest, the importance of the mother’s education, dental care and economics. Results: Despite increased sugar consumption in six of the eight countries studied, the DMFT-index has been reduced over time. The countries that have fluoridated their drinking water did not show a larger reduction in the DMFT-index compared to those countries that do not use waterfluoridation. Social unrest has affected the DMFT-index in both directions. Mothers with lower levels of education, rarer dental visits and poorer self-care increased the risk of a higher DMFT in their children. Six of the eight countries studied offer free dental care for children, but a diminishing DMFT-index could still be observed in the other countries. A high GDP per capita or low ginicoefficient does not necessairily result in a lower DMFT-index. Conclusion: The decrease in DMFT-index is a result of all factors studied, biological and socio-economical. Therefore, none of the factors are of greater importance for DMFT and should be respected equally in future caries-preventive work. Key words: 12-year-olds, biological factors, CAPP, DMFT-index, socio-economic factors.
Hålldin, Linus, and Grip Natalie Mikaelian. "Skillnaden på arbetstrivsel mellan tjänstemän och kollektivanställda i ett industriföretag." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbetshälsovetenskap och psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36490.
Full textTitle: The difference in job satisfaction between white-collar and blue-collar workers in anindustrial company. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the perceived job satisfaction differsbetween white and blue-collar workers in an industrial company. Furthermore, the purposewas also to investigate whether demographic factors affect job satisfaction and whether thesehave an impact on the relationship. The survey was conducted through a digital questionnairewith a missive letter and QR code to the questionnaire that was e-mailed to the company. Atotal of 110 respondents participated in the study. The survey was based on “Js JobSatisfaction” by Hellgren et al. (1999) with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.79. The result showedthat white-collar workers experience a higher degree of job satisfaction than blue-collarworkers. Women experience a higher degree of job satisfaction than men which is notconsistent with previous research that has shown the opposite. In addition, the results showedthat there were no significant interaction effects between job satisfaction, employment formand demographic factors with exception of gender. The results of the present study onperceived job satisfaction between white- and blue-collar workers are consistent with previousstudies.
Axelsson, Malin, and Grace Heinin. "Attityd till de naturvetenskapliga ämnena utifrån TIMSS-undersökningar : En undersökning i årskurs 4 om eventuell förändring av attityd till de naturvetenskapliga ämnena från år 2007–2015, ur ett genus- och socioekonomiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355867.
Full textBoström, Sofie, and Isis Wikén. "VEM KÄNNER ANSVAR FÖR KLIMATET? : En kvantitativ studie om sociala och politiska skiljelinjer i känslan av personligt ansvar för klimatförändringar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-163112.
Full textAlsabel, Sara. "Hur bestämningsfaktorn socioekonomi påverkar oralhälsorelaterat beteende hos vuxna : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping University, HHJ. Centrum för oral hälsa, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49558.
Full textBackground: There are several determinants that can affect an individual's self-care and dental visits. Socioeconomics is an important determinant for the oral health. Socioeconomic factors such as education level, culture, income and living habits have an impact. Several oral diseases are the result of these factors. Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate how socioeconomic determinants affect oral health-related behavior in adults. Method: A literature review was implemented where scientific articles were searched in databases DOSS and MEDLINE. Using a modified review template, the articles were reviewed and analyzed to assess if the quality of the articles were medium or high according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Lastly, 10 articles were included for this study. Results: The result examines how socioeconomic factors affect oral health-related behavior of self-care habits and dental visits. Socio-economic factors have been shown to influence this. Less good self-care habits have shown an association with lower socioeconomic status. Individuals with lower socioeconomic status visited dental care mainly in urgent cases. Conclusion: The majority of the included articles have shown a link between socioeconomics and self-care habits as well as dental visits. Further research in this area is needed to investigate the association more closely.
Adamborg, Isabella, and Veton Alija. "Riskbenägenhet och Generation Y : en kvantitativ studie om hur riskbenägenheten påverkas hos Generation Y ur ett demografiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-13338.
Full textThe youth of today belongs to a generation called Generation Y and are distinguished from previous generations by a number of characteristic features. However, it is not only these features that can be distinguished between Generation Y and previous generation, but also a different kind of risk behavior. Experts agree that there are several factors that affect individuals' willingness to take risks and that these factors vary depending on the individual's age. This often results to, when this field is studied, that scientists aim on a specific age group or generation. Research regarding Generation Y has been conducted, however, there is limited research that specifically addresses Generation Y and risk propensity. Hence, the aim of this research is to examine how demographic factors influence the risk propensity of Generation Y. This dissertation adopted a positivist research philosophy with an explanatory purpose. Theory of Planned Behavior is the theory that the hypotheses are based on. The empirical data was collected using a quantitative study, in the form of a survey limited to five institutions of higher education.
Johansson, Kuhmunen Jeanette, and Elin Lidström. "Är det etiskt? : En studie på studenters etiska uppfattning." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1853.
Full textEtik efterfrågas inom många områden, i företagsvärlden, inom vården och inom politiken. Denna uppmärksamhet har bidragit till att forskning kring ämnet har ökat, däribland forskning kring vilka faktorer som kan påverka en individs etiska uppfattning. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om demografiska faktorer eller arbetslivserfarenhet hos studenter leder till skillnader i den etiska uppfattningen av givna situationer inom arbetslivet. De demografiska faktorer vi undersöker är kön, ålder, inriktning på utbildning och antal påbörjade terminer på universitetet. Vidare tänker vi diskutera kring vad de eventuella skillnaderna i etisk uppfattning kan få för följder. Studien vilar på en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi. En enkät bestående av 13 påståenden av etisk karaktär delades ut till 210 studenter vid Umeå Universitet fördelade på Handelshögskolan, Institutionen för omvårdnad och Institutionen för fysik. Materialet analyserades i SPSS genom t-test, ANOVA-test och Chi-två test. Studien utgår från teorier och tidigare studier. Teorierna menar att etiskt beslutsfattande kan påverkas av individuella och situationsbundna faktorer. De tidigare studier vi redogör för visar på olika resultat kring huruvida demografiska faktorer eller arbetslivserfarenhet påverkar etisk uppfattning. Resultatet visar att män och kvinnors etiska uppfattning skiljer sig åt i nio av 13 påståenden. Vidare visar resultatet att två åldersgrupper anser två påståenden vara av olika etisk karaktär. Mellan utbildningsinriktningarna kunde vi i nio påståenden se skillnad mellan studenterna vid Institutionen för omvårdnad och Handelshögskolan. I tre påståenden kunde en skillnad i etisk uppfattning mellan studenterna vid Handelshögskolan och Institutionen för fysik urskiljas. Vidare var det i sex påståenden som omvårdnads- och fysikstudenterna skiljde sig åt. Det visar sig en viss skillnad mellan studenternas etiska uppfattning beroende på utbildningsnivå i studiens resultat. Det är en terminsgrupp som skiljer sig åt från de andra grupperna i en till två frågor. Vidare visar studien inte på någon skillnad i etisk uppfattning mellan intervallen för studenternas arbetslivserfarenhet. Slutsatserna vi drar av vår studie är att kön och utbildningsinriktning är de faktorer som påverkar den etiska uppfattningen hos studenter. Om företag är medvetna om skillnader mellan kvinnors och mäns olika etiska uppfattning och hur processen för etiskt beslutsfattande kan skilja sig åt beroende på könen, kan denna kunskap om hur och varför beslut fattas leda till ett förbättrat beslutsfattande. Enligt oss kan en tolkning av resultatet vara att det finns institutioner där både ett ökat utbud av och en högre kvalitet på etik- och moralkurser skulle behövas. Vi anser att detta är något som både institutionerna och studenterna skulle dra nytta av. Är studenterna som kommer ut i arbetslivet mer förberedda inför etiska dilemman skulle detta kunna leda till att utbildningarnas rykte och status förbättras i näringslivets ögon. Vidare kunde vi se ett samband mellan faktorerna kön och utbildningsinriktning, ålder och utbildningsinriktning, ålder och utbildningsnivå samt utbildningsinriktning och utbildningsnivå. Dessa samband innebär att studenternas etiska uppfattning kan påverkas av mer än en faktor.
Wang, Tomas Hu, and Shawgar Shekhani. "Sambandet mellan oral hälsa, oral hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och socioekonomi." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19617.
Full textPurpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between socio-economic factors, oral health and oral health-related quality of life. Material and methods: A systematic literature search yielded a total of 454 hits of which 24 articles were relevant. The articles were reviewed for relevance and quality before inclusion in the study. Results: Socio-economic factors such as income, education, occupation, social status, gender and ethnicity were associated with oral health status. However, income and education were strongly correlated with oral health status. Poorer oral health status such as fewer number of teeth, dental caries and periodontal disease could affect the oral health-related quality of life. This, together with the patient's self-rated oral health mold the patient's actual oral health from both a biomedical and biopsychosocial perspective. Conclusions: This study described links between oral health-related quality of life, socioeconomic factors and oral health status. The socio-economic factors that have the most impact on oral health in all age categories are income and education.
Ahumada, Maria. "Uppfattningar om barnfetma och om myndigheternas åtgärder bland invånarna i Viña del Mar - Chile." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17791.
Full textNellie, Cecilia, and Jennie Pettersson. "Variationer i normal språklig förmåga hos vuxna jämfört med neural aktivitet." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15860.
Full textSince the brain is an important prerequisite for human language there is a great interest to gain more knowledge about healthy brain activity during language mediated communication. This study examines variations in high level language ability relating to demographic factors like gender and age and relates language ability to neural activity.
Eighteen individuals in ages between 22 and 64 were included and divided into groups in relation to gender and age. The material used to assess language ability was derived from Testbatteri för Bedömning av Subtila Språkstörningar (Laakso, Brunnegård, Hartelius & Ahlsén, 2000), Swedish Lexical Decision Test (Almkvist, Adveen, Henning & Tallberg, 2007) and a reading test (Högskoleprovet). The results were correlated with measured brain activity using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and language paradigms. ANOVA was applied to discover possible demographic variances in language ability as well as in brain activity.
The results showed no significant differences in language ability. On the other hand there was a tendency that younger individuals scored higher on language tests than older. Naming ability was inversely related to neural activity in Broca. Neural differences were also found regarding gender and age. Men showed generally more activation than women. Younger individuals, as well as the individuals with high wordgeneration ability, activated more subtle areas than others. This study also points to a relation between high language ability and high cognitive ability.
Då hjärnan är en viktig förutsättning för mänskligt språk finns stort intresse för att ökakunskapen om den friska hjärnans aktivitet vid språklig kommunikation. Föreliggande studieundersöker högre språkliga förmågors variation, avseende de demografiska faktorerna könoch ålder samt relaterar språklig förmåga till neural aktivitet.
Arton försökspersoner mellan 22 och 64 år inkluderades och delades in i grupper efter könoch ålder. Materialet som användes för kartläggning av språklig förmåga härstammade frånTestbatteri för Bedömning av Subtila Språkstörningar (Laakso, Brunnegård, Hartelius & Ahlsén, 2000) samt Swedish Lexical Decision Test (Almkvist, Adveen, Henning & Tallberg,2007) och Högskoleprovets lästest. Resultaten korrelerades med uppmätt hjärnaktivitet vidspråkliga paradigm i funktionell magnetkameraundersökning (fMRI). ANOVA användes föratt upptäcka eventuella variationer mellan grupperna, både i språklig förmåga och ihjärnaktivitet.
Resultaten visade inga signifikanta variationer i språkförmåga. Däremot kunde tendenserskönjas där yngre presterade bättre på språktesterna än äldre. Benämningsförmåga befannsomvänt relaterad till neural aktivitet i Broca. Neurala skillnader upptäcktes även avseende könoch ålder. Män uppvisade generellt högre grad av aktivering än kvinnor. Den yngreförsöksgruppen, liksom de med hög ordflödesförmåga, aktiverade fler och mer subtilaområden än övriga. Studien pekade även på att hög kognitiv förmåga var relaterad till högspråkförmåga.
Abed, Amar. "Demokratins Språkbarriär : -En kvantitativ studie om konsekvensen av språkbristen bland utrikesfödda vid nationellt, regionalt och lokalt valdeltagande i Skärholmens valdistrikt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402407.
Full textNyström, Michelle. "Om att välja det rätta för att barnen ska få en bra framtid : - En kvalitativ studie om föräldrars attityd och uppfattningkring aktiv skoltransport i socioekonomiskt utsatta områden." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-43245.
Full textBetyg i Ladok 210602.
Hedman, Molly, and Hanna Lind. "Den psykiska ohälsan i Sverige." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254283.
Full textThe mental health has increased in Sweden, which besides the personal suffering affects both the society and economy. The reason behind the increase does not have any definite explanation but the answer may, at least partly, be found in macroeconomic and socioeconomic factors. This report will therefore investigate if there exists a relationship between mental health problems and macroeconomic and socioeconomic factors. An analysis of how these factors may explain the increase of mental health problems is also performed. To see if a relationship exists, a multivariable regression analysis is performed, where the dependent variable is defined as severe problems with anxiety and worry. The regression variables are education level, GDP per capita, the households disposable income and unemployment. The analysis is performed on the groups; women, men and total population and the data is collected over the years 2002 to 2017. The analysis indicates a certain relationship between the different macro and socioeconomic variables and mental health problems. For the total population, education level is the most significant. For women, education level, GDP per capita and the households disposable income are most important. For men, unemployment and disposable income are the strongest correlated variables. The models approximately fulfills the assumptions for the least square method and have multicollinearity present, which in total makes them less reliable. Further research to validate these relationships and to contribute to explanations of potential causality is needed.
Lindborg, Emilia, and Hanna Berggren. "Attityder vid viral marknadsföring på Facebook." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20733.
Full textThe study aims to investigate and identify the attitudes of the demographic groups (Women 20-30, Men 20-30, Women 35-55 and Men 35-55) towards viral campaigns in the Swedish food industry. Furthermore, the study aims to see what kinds of viral campaigns are being spread and why within the selected demographic groups. Finally, the study examines the influence of passive and active viral campaigns on attitudes and spread within the demographic groups.To answer the study's questions, three methods have been selected to extract relevant material. Firstly, a literature review was conducted to survey past research. Secondly, the main method consisted of four focus groups that were divided based on their demographics (Women 20-30, Men 20-30, Women 35-55 and Men 35-55). Finally, an analysis of the collected data was performed, which is based on creating overall and meaningful categories based on assumptions mentioned in the data collection. The final categories were Attitudes, Spread and Passive / Active messages.Based on the results and the discussion part of the study, it appears that relatable humor is the strongest factor when it comes to spreading a campaign in any of the study's demographic groups. Very little is being spread across Facebook regarding the Swedish food industry's campaigns and to increase this, the factor that is earlier mentioned must be taken into account more than it does today, according to all demographic groups in the study. The study's demographic groups prefer both passive and active campaigns as long as they are presented in a humorous way. Younger men however, also prefer controversial advertising, this opinion was however not shared with the rest of the demographic groups.
Meriläinen, Catarina. "Självskattad hälsa hos kvinnor i Västmanland : Kvantitativ studie om samband mellan självskattad hälsa och utbildningsnivå, ålder, socialt stöd, ekonomisk situation respektive sysselsättning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35549.
Full textBackground: Several studies have demonstrated the existence of differences in health between social groups. The previous studies show that there are different relationships between educational level, age, socioeconomic status, social support, sex, and self-rated health. Aims: The aim of this study is to examine differences in self-assessed health among women with different educational levels in Västmanland, describe age differences and study whether there is any associations between self-assessed health and social support, economic situation and employment. Method: This method is based on a quantitative approach where existing data from the population health survey ”Health on equal terms 2012” in Västmanland is used for analysis. Results: The results show that there are significant differences in self-rated health among women in Västmanland with different levels of education, age, social support, financial situation and employment. There is also associations between poor self-rated health and lower educational levels, age (50-64 years), lack of social support, financial hardship and sickness/ disability and unemployment. Conclusion: Correlations have been identified between self-rated health and level of education as well as between self-rated health and age, social support, financial situation and employment. However, the study shows that the differences in self-rated health between educational levels among women in Västmanland more likely due to age differences, differences in social support, financial difficulties and employment than simply because of the level of education.