Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sociologie du corps – Afrique subsaharienne'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 26 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sociologie du corps – Afrique subsaharienne.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Diagne, Oumar. "Corps et société : visions modernes du corps et vécu corporel en Afrique noire." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H017.
Full textKoné, Yaya. "Les déterminants de la course à pied en Afrique soudano-sahélienne : de l'utilitarisme à l'olympisme." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083179.
Full textThe work focuses on the social factors of running. From representation to track of field. Running depends on many factors like, society, culture, standing of leaving, gender. Why African children are running ? What kind of motivation push people to run? When we talk about Running in Africa, we think about athletics, track and field. Our work shows an other aspect of the practice. The study method base on field survey. This survey base on participant observation, took place in Manding Area, mainly in the city of Bamako and in the land named Kenedougou, area located between three countries : South est of Mali, South west of Burkina Faso, North of Ivory Coast. People who live in this zone are muslim, Bamanan (Manding) and Senufo (Gur). We notice that Running means fears of Malians, is just a practice of children, an adult is not able to run, unless anything unforeseen happens. Many people hate Running. The most of Runners are young football players, it may to watch them at the end of evening running along the roads of Bamako. Women don’t do sport, only few student do athlectics or basket ball. Poverty and gender are major obstacles of sport in Western Africa (More than 70 % of Malian society). In the cities of Bamako and Sikasso, we meet youngs in the ‘grin’. Everybody have is ‘grin’, it’s a association of friends, and it’s the better place to observe Malian society. Inside they talk about their fears, they talk about their hopes and we notice the growing passion for only sport : Football. Effectively, youth of Bamako is looking for a better life, since few years boys wish follow the example of sport hero. Contrary to Ethiopians of Arsi area and Kenyans of Kalenji society, Athletics (track and field) don't attract west African
Kirongozi, Bob-Limbaya. "L'État "patriarchique" en Afrique Noire : prémisses, idéologie, structures, fonctionnement et évolution d'un état hybride." Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN20008.
Full textThe state in black Africa is a political project fundamentally different from what has been obtained and what can be seen elsewhere, particularly in the west. Many theories have attempted to explain this form of political organisation in more or less convincing way. In our opinion, the state in black Africa is a "patriarchie", that is, a political system based on the authority and the leadership of a person who is the "founding father" and who holds essential powers and creates filial relationships with the governed. This state is created by an institutional process of hybridation which borrows elements from the local socio-political system; these elements are conjugated with those originating from modes of organisation of foreign societies. In a strategy of carrying out leadership of the "patriarque", the "patriarchic" state creates a monolithic or pluralistic organisation. It ensures the stability of the government. By the ideology of "African authenticity", and also by the political violence and the "patrimonialisation" of the national economy. This type of state is that which we observed in Zaire, Togo, Ivory Coast and Gabon during the last 25 or 30 years
Tshiyembe, Mwayila. "Etat et société en Afrique : construction étatique et désintégration sociale : essai sur une théorie sociologique de fondation de l'Etat plural en Afrique noire." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN20023.
Full textThe founding theory of the plural state, an alternative model of constructing the state and civil society, is a precolonial invention of African societies embracing the specific historical and cultural experience of precolonial black Africa. Tree key postulates follow from the underlying logic of plural state theory. The first is its antinomy with the European concept of nation-state. The second resides in its irreducibility to the nation-state concept and this in spite of minor features shared with the latter here and there. The third has to do with the principal reason accounting for the failure of the different attempts to forge a nation-state in black Africa: the absence of a formal theory on the plural state and its irreducibility to the nation-state concept. Two inescapable conclusions emerge. Firstly, the nation-state solution, in addition to not being a universal panacea, leads to a head end in black Africa. Secondly, for the challenge of democratic change in black Africa to have a collective and popular meaning, it must propose a global project aimed at reinventing and reviving the ditunga which is an embodiment of the values and principles of the precolonial African model of the plural state
Ondoua, Antoine. "Sociologie du corps militaire en Afrique noire : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G014/document.
Full textIt is a common perception that the army in Africa and more particularly in black Africa, is associated with putsch, riots, rebellions and violence. Yet, specificities can be pointed out, especially in the two following points: political stability and promotion to the highest office. In that way, in francophone africa, Cameroon and Senegal since their independence, have managed to preserve themselves from any violent upheaval. In Cameroon, beyond a certain internization of the rofessional sense ( army submitted to political power), we can state that the political stability is due to the fact that it has blended into a neo-patrimonial system up to the point of becoming itself a neo-patrimonialised institution. Nonetheless, in spite of defending partisan interests (the "Prince", the ruling class and his family) the army turns out to be a symbol of the process of rationalization and democratization of the state (bureaucratic principles, law enforcement, peacekeeping, socio-cultural mixing etc.). The question is now to figure out if the position of the cameroonian army is determined either by the symbol or by the system. In other words, is the Cameroonian army loyal because of its being neo-patrimonialised or because the neo-patrimonial system relies on such loyalty?
Augé, Axel Éric. "Le recrutement des élites politiques en Afrique subsaharienne : une sociologie du pouvoir au Gabon /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torini : l'Harmattan, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39956184s.
Full textKpohazounde, Fifatin Grace. "Etude de l’évolution des tactiques et stratégies de la politique étrangère des Etats-Unis en Afrique subsaharienne depuis 1960 : des Peace Corps à AFRICOM." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100085.
Full textThe thesis of this work is to demonstrate the unavoidable shift towards a militarization of U.S. foreign policy toward Sub-Saharan Africa following the end of the Cold War beginning in the 1990’s, in order to protect and expand the capitalist interests of the United States in that region. A shift that evolves in parallel with the growing geopolitical importance of Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States (U.S.) --economically, politically and militarily. We study the cold-war and post-cold-war periods of US foreign policy, as two distinctly different contexts presenting unique challenges to the implementation of U.S. foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region traditionally under European influence. The first period is characterized largely by ideological warfare between the United States and the Socialist Bloc; while the post-cold-war period, reflects new political, economic and military interests for the U.S., more specifically the emergence of new economic partners in Sub-Saharan Africa, and a new competition for access to natural resources, as well as a new need for security form the terrorist threat. These developments required a re-assessment of America’s geopolitical interests in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this thesis, we will then analyze the impact of these evolving dynamics on the tactics, strategies and logistics of the US foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Are the objectives of US policy the same during the two periods? What constant aspects can be found and what mutations of the U.S. strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa? What new tactics have been developed and with what results have they been applied? What lessons can be learned from the recent history of U.S. foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Traoré, Fatoumata. "Rôle du capital social dans le bien-être des femmes en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas de Conakry en Guinée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25180/25180.pdf.
Full textHébert, Nathalie. "La façon de percevoir et de vivre la souffrance psychologique issue d'un deuil ou d'une peine d'amour au Québec et en Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28848/28848.pdf.
Full textFollana, Christine. "La recherche d'une politique migratoire commune en Europe : étude comparative à partir des exemples de la France et de l'Espagne : les cas des migrants d'Afrique subsaharienne." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010518.
Full textZoundi, David Aimé. "Three essays in the economics of gender and development." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69588.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis explores barriers to gender equality in developing countries. It is composed of three essays. The first essay (chapter 1) explores the roots of gender inequality favoring boys in education. It analyzes the effect of culture interaction with poor household economic on the school dropout probabilities of boys' and girls', using Malawi data. Malawi's suitability for this analysis stems from the coexistence in its territory of two different customs of post-marital residence for couples: patrilocal and matrilocal customs. Estimation results show that gender inequality in education is rooted in the interaction of household economic conditions and the custom of patrilocality—when a married couple settles near or with the husband's family after marriage. The essay concludes that public policies that make it unnecessary for parents to rely on traditional customs to organize their family life can eliminate gender inequality favoring boys' education. The last two essays analyze the issue of polygyny—when a man can have multiples wives simultaneously. This marriage institution has disappeared globally but remains confined in a cluster of sub-Saharan African countries, particularly in the Sahel region. Economic theory predicts that increasing women's education leads to the disappearance of polygyny. Still, empirical evidence is yet to establish this causal link, settling instead for a negative correlation between education and women's polygyny probabilities. The second essay examines the effect of education on women's polygyny probabilities, using primarily Uganda data. For identification, we use an estimation approach that jointly addresses sample selection and education endogeneity problems. We estimate a three-equation model comprising a polygyny (main) equation, a marriage (selection), and an education (endogeneity) equation. Estimation results confirm economic theory's prediction that increasing women's education leads to the disappearance of polygyny. The third and final essay provides evidence on the cause of the clustering of polygyny in drought-prone countries. Evidence shows that in village economies dependent on rainfed agriculture, the breakdown of informal risk-sharing arrangements following covariate shocks such as droughts increases the value of having a large family, both in size and composition, as a lever of resilience strategies. We find that polygyny allows households to build resilience to the adverse effects of drought on crop yields. These three essays contribute to advancing our knowledge of the barriers to gender inequalityin sub-Saharan Africa. It mainly draws attention to the importance for developing countries to invest in girls' schooling (Essay 2) and promote public policies that make it less attractive for parents to resort to traditional institutions to support their livelihoods (Essay 1). Additionally, policies such as those promoting smallholder farmers as a development strategy can contribute to the persistence of polygyny in drought-prone communities if done without weaning the rural population of its dependence on rainfed agriculture. In these settings, promoting resilience and adaptation strategies independent of household size can lead to polygyny and child marriage's disappearance (Essay 3).
Yatie, Yakam Célestin. "Les formes d’échanges et de pouvoir dans le football au Cameroun : contribution à une analyse des enjeux sociaux du sport de haut niveau en Afrique subsaharienne." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1079.
Full textFootball is no longer a common place in sub-saharan Africa, it has become a force field, we analyzed the social functions of dominance in the elite sport in emerging Africa. It appears that the motivations of the people are determined by their position in the social space, and our investigations show that the strategy of each social worker to climb atop the social pyramid is linked not only to human capital, economic capital, political capital, social capital and cultural capital, but il is also conditioned by the political and economic times. Like some icons of African football, we thought, because of the sporting and social trajectories, that power is not a force but a "whole" within the sense of a social organization. That is to say, a structure in which we find micro-formaI and informai structures such as fan clubs. The problem of social prestige in Cameroon is no longer be demonstrated. However, it is important to define what social promotion, social domination, social climbing, or simply social success is. That's precisely what we tried to do in this work
Achancho, Valantine. "Le rôle des organisations paysannes dans la professionnalisation de l'agriculture en afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Cameroun." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00935522.
Full textAlary, Véronique. "Incertitude et prise de risque en période d'ajustement : le comportement des producteurs de cacao du Cameroun avant et après 1994." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010047.
Full textThe study of the cocoaplanters'behaviour in Cameroon during a period of economic instability and unruliness sets at once the following question : is there still a future for the cocoa plantation ? This study attemps to answer the urgent problems of national policy. Indeed, cocoa -which represents 15% of export profits- is one of the most important commodity for economic take-off in Cameroon. Following interviews with farmers about their decisions just before and after the devaluation of the fcfa, we tried to surround the agronomical and social vulnerabilities which are characteristic of various cocoa production systems, in order to appreciate how much the instability coming from outside (price variability, access to credit, changes in agricultural policy) can affect those farmers and to come to the real conditions of decision taking of the planter. Based on decision making criteria towards risk and uncertainty, gleaned from the empirical study, a linear programming model was developed in order to test the logics of agricultural supply under different constraints and macro-economic management interventions. The uncertain factors as they are considered in the model, are not only a constraint, but limit the amount of the knowledge that is possible to have of the future and also influence on the ratio between consumption and saving. Over the whole set of simulations, decision making risk seems to be a strong factor in discouraging investment since, due to price instability, the possible gains achieved by taking risks are questionable from one year to another. Conscious of such uncertain events, the cocoa planter will tend to economize -precaution savings- in order to survive through periods of low price and low yields
Favre, Guillaume. "Des rencontres dans la mondialisation : réseaux et apprentissages dans un salon de distribution de programmes de télévision en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090045/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we analyze the social construction of a market of TV programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. Based on the study of a trade fair where buyers (TV channels, distribution intermediaries) and sellers of TV programs (studios, distributors and independent producers) can meet, negotiate, discuss, and close deals, we try to understand how this event participates in the transformation of the ways in which TV programs were “exchanged” in Africa and in the integration of the African TV programs market into the global one. TV programs distribution at the global level has long been considered to be a market. But until recently in Sub-Saharan Africa, TV channels used to acquire programs “for free” through diverse ways. Political, economic and technical evolutions have slowly transformed this sector into a market. The trade fair under examination in this research plays a central role in this evolution because it is the first to bring together the microcosm of this industry. We studied this event for three years and ran three surveys in order to collect social network data and analyze informal information exchange networks between attendees of the events. We study how trade fairs attendees learn from each other and define, select and share market values, norms and rules
Hunsmann, Moritz. "Dépolitisations d'une épidémie - La lutte internationale contre le sida et les politiques de santé en Tanzanie." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01055458.
Full textMouyivou, Bongo Pélagie. "Le métier d’instituteur au Gabon." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20058/document.
Full textThis thesis has for objective to examine the mechanisms governing the corporatist dynamics and logics of action of the collective of teachers in Gabon. This reflection has been directed at the outset by two observations: the teacher collective action and statutory changes marking the evolution of this occupational group. The methodological approach relies on the contribution of several disciplines of social sciences and various theoretical approaches. The theoretical assumption rests on the idea of the creation of a corps of business. This thesis attempts to apprehend the profession of schoolmaster from a triptych linking three areas of analysis: social relations, organization and social context.The field survey conducted among different educational actors, mainly teachers, is centered on the life and work of these conditions. The analysis focuses both on the statutory aspects, relations between teachers and other actors of the educational action - mainly students, families, public authorities - and the daily practice of the class. It highlights, the plurality of professional identities and professional practice variability following relational configurations, organizational rules, and, the social and cultural context of work. For example, the significant teacher in a village becomes an employee being poorly paid in the city. Similarly, when the management of discipline in the classroom, the multiplicity of varied activities, looking for teaching tools, maintenance of the class, punctuate a morning's work of public school teacher and of his students, the maximum exploitation of the many educational resources available characterized a morning's work of the partner school teacher.The analysis can also identify the mechanisms underlying the agreements and disagreements within the school system in its entirety. Training devices not adapted to the actual conditions of work, the marginalization of the teacher in the province, the expectations of the families against the teacher in his home village, leakage of exam classes or oversized classes by some teachers, the constitution and the management of budgets in institutions, radicalization or non of Union action... are all factors sources of opposition characterizing the relationships of teachers between them teachers with parents of students or the public authorities
Traoré, Fatoumata. "Rôle du capital social dans le bien-être des femmes en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas de Conakry en Guinée /." 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25180/25180.pdf.
Full textNikuze, Christine. "Stratégies d'intégration professionnelle de femmes d'Afrique subsaharienne au Québec." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4137/1/M11974.pdf.
Full textLawani, Ayemi A. "Les intermédiaires en développement en Afrique subsaharienne : analyse comparative de Cotonou et de Lomé." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13575.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on individuals in local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) who, in the current configuration of international development, act as relays or intermediaries between international donors and recipient populations in sub-Saharan Africa. By analyzing the careers of 32 female and male "leaders" in NGOs in Cotonou (Benin) and Lomé (Togo), the dissertation aims to understand the social processes through which these individuals become intermediaries in the development arena. The research mobilizes a theoretical approach that combines the actor-oriented perspective in socio-anthropology of development, the sociology of individuation and the life course paradigm. This thesis also takes a comparative approach, first, by contrasting the careers of development intermediaries from Benin with those from Togo, two countries that experienced in the 1990s and early 2000s opposite fates in terms of their relations with international donors. Also, the analysis compares two generations of intermediaries and contrast the experiences of male and female intermediaries. The analysis shows that, first, the Benin National conference of 1990 and the one in Togo in 1991 were turning points in the careers of intermediaries in both countries, by creating a supportive working environment for intermediaries in Benin, and, on the opposite, a deleterious context for those in Togo. However, over the past decade, these differences in working conditions have dwindled, and the challenges faced by intermediaries in both countries are once again similar; the current contexts are characterized by a limited state support, a very competitive and politicized working environment, a professionalization of the field, and a strong dependence toward external donors. Second, four types of intermediaries’ profiles at the time they enter the NGO sector emerged from the life history analysis: the "converted", the "new graduates of the 1990s," the "careerists" and the "activists". Generational comparison shows that the first two types best describe the intermediaries that started their activities before 2000, while "careerists" are mostly intermediaries from the younger post-2000 generation. The research also shows that in order to enter, and more importantly to "last", in the NGO sector these individuals use various political and associative networks and develop various strategies such as choosing a “fashionable” field of interest, remaining “visible”, and constantly seeking trainings in order to acquire “marketable” expertise. In addition, the analysis of women's professional trajectories revealed that while “pioneers” female intermediaries entered the male dominated NGO sector late in their life due to their familial obligations and all worked in the area of women's rights, the experience of their younger counterparts are quite different. The latter work outside the traditional “gender” arena; and, although they also have difficulties reconciling work and family duties, they are not ready to give up their career, and they have very different perceptions of gender roles within the family than their older counterparts.
Onadja, Yentéma. "L’état de santé perçu et les incapacités en Afrique subsaharienne : différences socioéconomiques et de genre." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11112.
Full textAlthough the relationship between self-rated health (SRH) and physical and mental health is well documented in developed countries, very few studies have analyzed this association in the developing world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, research in various social contexts has documented that disability and poor SRH are more common among women and persons with lower socioeconomic status (SES), but it is unclear whether these associations also hold in sub-Saharan African settings. The general objective of the present thesis was to better understand the social stratification in health in sub-Saharan Africa. More specifically, this study aimed to: 1) To examine the associations of SRH with measures of physical and mental health (chronic diseases, functional limitations, and depression) among adults in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and how these associations vary by sex, education level, and age; 2) To analyze differences in cognitive impairment and mobility disability between older men and women in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and to assess the extent to which these differences could be attributable to gender inequalities in life course social and health conditions; 3) To examine the relationship between SES and multiple disability measures among adults aged 18 and older in 18 sub-Saharan African countries and to determine whether socioeconomic differences in disability are characterized by an increase, decrease or stability with increasing age. The results of our analyses are in three scientific research articles, which rest upon data taken from a cross-sectional interviewer-administered health survey conducted in 2010 in areas of the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance System, and the World Health Survey conducted in 2002-2004 by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the first article, poor SRH was strongly associated with chronic diseases and functional limitations, but not with depression. The effect of functional limitations on poor SRH intensified with age and with decreasing education level. In contrast, the effect of chronic diseases appeared to decrease with age. No variation by sex was observed in the associations of SRH with chronic diseases, functional limitations, and depression. These findings suggest that different subpopulations delineated by age and education level weight the components of health differently in their self-rated health in Ouagadougou. The results of the second article indicated that female gender was positively associated with higher levels of cognitive impairment and mobility disability. The female excess in these disabilities was only partially explained by gender differences in nutritional status, marital status and, to a lesser extent, education. These results suggest that enhancing nutritional status and educational opportunities throughout life span could prevent cognitive impairment and mobility disability and partly reduce the female excess in these disabilities. In the third article, we found that the lack of education was positively associated with poorer functional health, and the health gap between educational levels remains static with increasing age. These findings suggest that, in sub-Saharan Africa, compared to the well educated, the undereducated have fewer economic and social resources and health-promoting behaviors which have beneficial, albeit constant effects on functional health over the life course.
Ibrahima, Mahamane. "Conditions de vie des personnes âgées en Afrique Subsaharienne : cas de la vie dans un ménage à génération coupée au Niger." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4294.
Full textNiger, like many other countries in Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa, has a young population and the living arrangements of older people are not high on the list of priority issues for politicians and researchers. However, Niger is one of the poorest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and the ongoing economic crisis there can have adverse impacts on the welfare and alter the living arrangements of both old and young people. In many African societies like Niger, grandparents traditionally take care of grandchildren, and older people living in households with no younger adult present is not an unusual situation. At present, the living arrangements of the older population and orphans has attracted considerable attention especially in high HIV/AIDS prevalence countries where many younger adults have died. While HIV/AIDS is not yet a major problem in Niger, the proportion of older people who live with grandchildren in the absence of the middle generation (called the “skipped generation”) is nonetheless high – roughly the same level as that observed in some high HIV/AIDS prevalence countries in Africa. Many studies on older people in Sub-Saharan Africa were done in the 1990s, using qualitative approaches or cross-sectional survey data (appropriate longitudinal data generally lacking in Africa). The main topics examined by these studies have tended to be the living arrangements of older people in high HIV/AIDS contexts, and the poverty consequences of those living arrangements. In this study, we use quantitative data to examine the living arrangements of older people in Niger, focusing both on individual and contextual covariates. Census data provide our main source of data, and the large number of observations available allows us to examine a relatively large number of covariates and situations. Logistic regressions estimated with STATA are used to study individual determinants, and HLM (6.0 version) software is used for the multilevel (contextual) analysis. With respect to the determinants of living with no (younger) adult or in a skipped generation household, the results show that socio-demographic status of older people is the most important variable for explaining the large sex differences in living arrangements. Interestingly, married women are more likely to live in such a household, while after the death of a spouse, men instead appear to be disadvantaged. At the contextual level, the results show that the socioeconomic characteristics are the most important factors. Specifically, the risk of living without a younger adult or in a skipped generation household is explained is larger in more urban areas, and smaller in communities that are relatively more impoverished. Insofar as this is the first study to examine the issue in this part of Africa – the Francophone Sahel – no comparative results from nearby countries exist and the generality of our findings have yet to be confirmed. The living arrangements of older people can be measured in various ways, differing by context and availability of data, and a more detailed analysis, for example, of the effects of marital status requires a deep understanding of marriage among older people in the Nigeran context. Given the low prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Niger, the likely causes of the high prevalence of households in which older people live without the presence of a younger adult or in a skipped generation are high levels of adult mortality from other causes and child fostering practices. Unfortunately, information on these factors is largely missing from our data, making it impossible to directly examine their importance. Finally, given the difficulties of studying these issues with existing data, evidence-based policy and programs targeting the elderly must pay more attention to social and economic dimensions, often requiring the fielding of surveys targeting the elderly. Key words: Niger - Older people - living arrangements of older people – intergenerational living arrangement - comparative studies-living with no adult - skipped generation- Africa.
Ramdé, Pascal. "L’appropriation du changement de politiques universitaires par les acteurs en Afrique subsaharienne, entre le local et le global : le cas de la réforme Licence-Master-Doctorat au Burkina Faso." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19859.
Full textMiangotar, Yode. "Relation entre l’environnement familial et le comportement sexuel des adolescents au Burkina Faso." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5222.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to examine the relation between family environment and sexual behavior of adolescents within the context of socialization. The family environment is measured by type of family, union status of the household head, parents’ survival, cohabitation with grandparents and the ratio of people aged less than 20 years to adults in the household. Sexual behavior is captured by the existence and timing of premarital first sexual intercourse, use of condom at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, having a casual sexual partner and systematic use of condom during the last twelve months. Data come from cross-sectional surveys. The findings are presented in three articles (Chapters III to V). A descriptive analysis of family environment in Burkina Faso shows that the large majority of children aged from 0 to 14 years (78.4% in 1993 and 77.6% in 2003) and of adolescents aged from 12 to 19 years (61.1% in 2004) live with both parents who are in either monogamous or polygamous unions. However, some of these children and adolescents also live with parents in households headed by other people. The death of parents (7.7% in 1993 and 7.3% in 2003 for children; 16.5% in 2004 for adolescents), child fostering (10.4% in 1993 and 8.9% in 2003 for children; 26.9% in 2004 for adolescents) and single parenthood (11.2% in 1993 and 13.6% in 2003 for children; 12% in 2004 for adolescents) can affect the nature and quality of the family environment, and the risk for being deprived of the presence of both parents increases during adolescence. There exists a significant statistical association between variables capturing aspects of the family environment and adolescents’ sexual behavior in Burkina Faso. This relation varies according to the specific sexual behavior under study as well as by the adolescents’ gender. For example, we find that the absence of both parents in the household is not systematically associated with more risky sexual behavior. Age at first sexual intercourse is significantly associated with others indicators of sexual behavior of boys and of girls. An early first sexual intercourse (before 14 years) is associated with a greater likelihood of several subsequent more risky sexual behaviors. However, it is less likely to be associated with more sexual partners. The findings lead to recommendations for sexual and reproductive health policies and programs. In Burkina Faso, the priority of future actions should aim at raising of parents’ and guardians’ awareness for the education, support and monitoring of all adolescents, notwithstanding their gender and sexual status. Extra-familial social institutions, such as school, should contribute to support parents’, guardians’ and family members’ effort. A combined strategy of postponing first sexual intercourse and improving sexual education could contribute to protecting sexual and reproductive health in adolescence.
Quinquis, Anthony. "Étude de la mortalité aux grands âges à l’aide du Registre des décès d’Antananarivo (Madagascar)." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22479.
Full textKadio, Kadidiatou. "Politique publique de protection sociale au Burkina Faso : vers une compréhension des logiques des acteurs de la mise en forme et de la mise en œuvre." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22604.
Full textThe development of social protection policies in Africa raises complex issues, including its rationale and choice of content (Merrien, 2013). This thesis is the first of its kind to analyze the development of social protection policies in Burkina Faso other than those in the field of health. Through an analysis of the National Social Protection Policy and pilot program of Social Protection in the Health of the Poor, this thesis answers the following questions: why and how social protection has become a government priority; and what factors have influenced the shaping of these two public policies and the implementation of the solidarity program? Based on analytical frameworks from various disciplinary perspectives (political science, sociology, anthropology), the process of developing public social protection policies is the result of the interaction of a multitude of actors and their diverse interests: international organizations, bilateral cooperation, state structure, associations, and local NGOs. The methodology is essentially qualitative. This thesis collects data thorough semi-structured interviews, literature review, and informal interviews. The results are structured in five scientific articles. The desire for social cohesion to maintain peace and social order motivated the decision to formulate these two policies (Articles 1 and 4). The formulation process did not lead to a reflection on the problem to be solved, to identify the specific needs of the beneficiaries, to evaluate the capacity of the solutions to choose the appropriate ones. The motive of the national actors was to maintain their financial assets and to mobilize additional resources. International actors have been guided by the logic of promoting a social protection instrument in line with their values, their ideas, and their missions, for the implementation of their institutional mandate. This implementation gave rise to the empirical observation of "non-design" or non-formulation (Article 2 and 4), revealed the influence of the ideas and interests of the actors in the choice of solutions, but also showed that it is important for choices to meet the needs of the poor and vulnerable. In addition, knowledge derived from research data was used very little compared to knowledge from gray literature (Article 3). Political gains, that is, the perception of social and political consequences associated with a recommendation based on scientific knowledge, influence the latter's consideration. The iv analysis of the implementation of the solidarity program shows that formulation gaps influence the effectiveness of a policy. Thus, the implementation offers opportune circumstances for adaptations and reformulations to integrate the specificities of the context and the needs of the beneficiaries with an aim of improving efficiency (Article 5). However, these opportunities have not been utilized by program implementers, helping to keep those who are impoverished excluded from health services.