Academic literature on the topic 'Sociology, urban, juvenile literature'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sociology, urban, juvenile literature"
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Hummel, Carolina. "“Onde a ação se une com a ideia: produção do espaço urbano e sociabilidade juvenil em uma batalha de rimas”." Áskesis - Revista des discentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da UFSCar 9, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46269/9120.549.
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Este artigo visa refletir sobre como categorias como sociabilidade e circulação pela cidade estão conectadas à ocupação do espaço público pela perspectiva da juventude engajada no movimento hip-hop. Com pesquisa de campo[1] realizada em uma batalha de rimas de São Carlos, o trabalho se debruçará nas notas da experiência no evento para discutir, em conjunto com a literatura e com letras de rap, como os jovens estão pensando e produzindo seus espaços dentro da cidade.
[1] A pesquisa de campo em questão foi realizada como exercício na disciplina de Etnografia em Sociologia ministrada pelo Profº Gabriel Feltran, no segundo semestre de 2018.
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Rotella, Carlo. "Urban Literature: A User’s Guide." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 4 (September 5, 2017): 797–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217729148.
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This article addresses urbanists in various fields—history, the social sciences, planning, and more—who are interested in incorporating literary works into their teaching and research and may be looking for critical approaches that connect such work to their own expertise. It begins from the premise that the traits that make a city a city present writers with opportunities to tell stories, experiment with form, make meaning, and otherwise exercise the literary imagination. When we use “urban literature” as a category of analysis, when we try to identify relationships between cities and the writing produced in and about them, we are asserting that this writing takes shape around confronting the city as a formal, social, and conceptual challenge. This article explores examples of texts ranging from Sister Carrie to I Am Legend and beyond that engage signature urban processes such as urbanization, development, and the dense overlap of orders.
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Tomasson, Richard F. "Juvenile Social Maladjustment and Human Rights in the Context of Urban Development." Contemporary Sociology 16, no. 2 (March 1987): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2070710.
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KRESS, SUSAN. "Can Sociology Be Literature?" Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 27, no. 2 (July 1998): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124198027002005.
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Felker-Kantor, Max. "“Kid Thugs Are Spreading Terror Through the Streets”: Youth, Crime, and the Expansion of the Juvenile Justice System in Los Angeles, 1973-1980." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 3 (January 22, 2016): 476–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144215623260.
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Over the course of the 1970s, liberal and conservative officials in Los Angeles worked to reform a juvenile justice system they believed to be too lenient on children and teenagers who committed crimes. They intended for diversion programs, vocational training, and rehabilitation measures to complement punitive approaches of surveillance, arrest, and incarceration. By posing rehabilitation as complementary to imprisonment, liberal officials contributed to the development of a dual system of juvenile justice. As a result, the carceral state extended beyond the formal criminal justice system and into a range of other institutions, such as schools and social welfare agencies. The two-tiered system, however, also drove the criminalization of black and Latino youth by focusing punishment on them. In contrast to white suburbanites, who were treated as status offenders, black and Latino kids and teenagers received juvenile criminal and court records and increasingly came into contact with an expanded juvenile justice system over the course of the 1970s.
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Prayitno, Kuat Puji, Dwiki Oktobrian, and Jaco Barkhuizen. "Addressing Prison Education and the Obstacles in Ensuring the Right to Education in Indonesian Juvenile Correctional Facilities." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 7, no. 2 (December 7, 2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i2.42656.
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Reintegrating juvenile offenders into society with a positive reception is a primary objective of education, aimed at breaking the cycle of incarceration that results in recidivism. This article aims to delineate the prison education policies within Indonesian juvenile correctional facilities (LPKA), focusing on regulatory frameworks and their practical implementation. It focuses on the issue of the LPKA's capability in Indonesia to ensure access to education, which is a fundamental right of juvenile inmates, and on whether its benefits can be felt and realized. Data collection methods encompassed interviews, regulatory assessments, institutional report evaluations, and literature reviews. Findings indicate that, despite a 270% decrease in juvenile inmate numbers from 2018 to 2022, only 68% of this population was granted educational access. Contributing factors include specific regulatory constraints on educational access and a lack of innovative collaborations, even with the reduced workload in LPKA. The study advocates for the initiation of formal educational institutions within LPKA, minimizing reliance on the Ministry of Education and allowing for curriculum adaptation to prevailing conditions.
Keywords: Prison Education, Right to Education, Juvenile Correctional Facilities, Juvenile Inmates, Social Rehabilitation
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Hero, Rodney E. "The Urban Service Delivery Literature: Some Questions & Considerations." Polity 18, no. 4 (June 1986): 659–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3234887.
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Lazerges, Christine. "Réponses à la délinquance des mineurs." Revue française d'administration publique 91, no. 1 (1999): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1999.3326.
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Responses to Juvénile Delinquency In 1998 Christine Lazerges and Jean-Pierre Balduck made a report to the Prime Minister on behalf of the inter-ministerial taskforce on the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency. The 135 proposals contained in this report are oriented around the two axes of prevention and repression. Better preventive measures require mobilisation on the part of those responsible for socialisation, in schools and through integration into urban policy issues particularly. Introduction of the repressive measures was initiated by the application of the whole spectrum of measures introduced by the Order of 2 November 1945 on juvenile delinquency, followed by the renewed responses of the police and judicial authorities achieved via a greater specialisation of police, judicial and incarceration structures.
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Niskanen, Vilma, and Petteri Pietikäinen. "Rikollisuus ja sosiaalisen disorganisaation teoria Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan tutkimuksissa 1918-1948." Kriminologia 1, no. 1 (May 25, 2021): 60–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54332/krim.109020.
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Artikkeli tarkastelee sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen ja teorian alkuperää ja kehitystä aatehistoriallisesta näkökulmasta. Lähdeaineistona ovat keskeiset Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan julkaisut vuosien 1918 ja 1948 välillä. Kirjoittajien erityishuomio on kohdistunut ensinnäkin sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen esille tuloon ja varhaiseen soveltamiseen William I. Thomasin, Robert E. Parkin ja muiden Chicagon sosiologien kirjoituksissa, ja toiseksi käsitteen ja teorian hyödyntämiseen Clifford R. Shaw’n ja Henry D. McKayn merkittävässä kriminologisessa tutkimuksessa Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). Artikkelissa esitetään, että sosiaalisen disorganisaation teorialla oli keskeinen osa Chicagon sosiologien tutkimuksissa, joissa yhteiskunnallista muutosta ja sosiaalista kontrollia käsitteellistettiin nopeasti kasvavan Chicagon kaupunkielämään keskittyvän empiirisen havainnoinnin pohjalta. Teoria oli laajassa käytössä yhdysvaltalaisessa kriminologiassa ja muissa yhteiskuntatieteissä siksi, että sen avulla kyettiin antamaan uskottavia sosiologisia selityksiä (suur)kaupunkien kasvun ja muutoksen tuomista ongelmista. Teoria joutui suurelta osin marginaaliin 1960-luvulla, mutta 1980-luvulla kriminologinen kiinnostus sosiaaliseen disorganisaatioon alkoi jälleen kasvaa, ja nykyisin teoriaa käytetään kriminologian lisäksi aluetutkimuksessa, kaupunkisosiologiassa ja psykiatriassa.
Vilma Niskanen and Petteri Pietikäinen: Crime and the theory of social disorganization in the studies of the Chicago School of Sociology between 1918 and 1948.
This article examines the origin and development of the concept and theory of social disorganization from the methodological perspective of intellectual history. Based on the study of publications of the main representatives of the Chicago School of Sociology between the years 1918 and 1948, the article analyses the ways in which social disorganization was first discussed by William I. Thomas, Robert E. Park and other Chicago sociologists, and how the concept and theory was later used in Shaw’s and McKay’s influential criminological study Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). At the outset, the notion of social disorganization was central to the Chicago sociologists’ conceptualization of social change and social control that they observed first-hand in the streets of the rapidly growing City of Chicago. The authors argue that theory was widely used in American social science, including criminology, between the 1920s and 1950s, because it had strong explanatory force in the study of social problems in urban areas undergoing changes and re-organization. After becoming marginalized as a theory in the 1960s, a criminological interest in social disorganization increased through the 1980s, and at present it is used not only in criminology but also in area studies, urban sociology and psychiatry.
Keywords: social disorganisation – Chicago school of sociology – history of sociology and criminology – urban sociology
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Harahap, Muhammad Ade Kurnia, Supriandi, Funco Tanipu, and Abraham Manuhutu. "Relations between Architecture, Urban Planning, Environmental Engineering, and Sociology in Sustainable Urban Design in Indonesia (Literature Study)." Jurnal Geosains West Science 1, no. 02 (June 30, 2023): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v1i02.395.
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Studi literatur ini mengeksplorasi hubungan interdisipliner antara arsitektur, perencanaan kota, teknik lingkungan, dan sosiologi dalam desain perkotaan berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kolaborasi interdisipliner sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan dan layak huni, karena memastikan bahwa prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan diintegrasikan ke dalam proses desain dan bahwa kebutuhan dan preferensi orang-orang yang tinggal di kota dipertimbangkan. Prinsip desain berkelanjutan, seperti efisiensi energi, pengelolaan air, pengelolaan limbah, dan penggunaan bahan ramah lingkungan, sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan. Studi ini juga mengidentifikasi peran teknologi dalam desain perkotaan yang berkelanjutan, termasuk kemampuannya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi, pengelolaan air, pengelolaan limbah, dan transportasi. Selain itu, partisipasi masyarakat sangat penting untuk menciptakan rasa kepemilikan dan kebanggaan terhadap lingkungan perkotaan. Studi ini mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan dan peluang untuk hubungan interdisipliner antara disiplin ilmu ini dalam desain perkotaan berkelanjutan di Indonesia, termasuk kurangnya koordinasi antara berbagai disiplin ilmu yang terlibat dan kurangnya sumber daya dan pendanaan untuk proyek desain perkotaan berkelanjutan. Secara keseluruhan, studi ini menyoroti pentingnya kolaborasi interdisipliner, prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan, teknologi, dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan dan layak huni di Indonesia. Penelitian lebih lanjut harus fokus pada pengembangan model yang efektif untuk kolaborasi interdisipliner, mengidentifikasi strategi yang efektif untuk menerapkan prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan, dan mengeksplorasi peran teknologi dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam desain perkotaan yang berkelanjutan.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sociology, urban, juvenile literature"
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Mui, Man Cheng. "review of literature on the negative influences of violent entertainments on adolescents :recommendations for Macau." Thesis, University of Macau, 2016. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3570099.
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Williams, Faustine, Aimee S. James, and Stephen Jeanetta. "Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/65.
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Objective: To examine systematically the literature on the effect of geographical location variation on breast cancer stage at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.
Methods. Eight electronic databases were searched using combination of key words. Of the 312 articles retrieved from the search, 36 studies from 12 countries were considered eligible for inclusion.
Results. This review identified 17 (47%) of 36 studies in which breast cancer patients residing in geographically remote/rural areas had more late-stage diagnosis than urban women. Ten (28%) studies reported higher proportions of women diagnosed with breast cancer resided in urban than rural counties. Nine (25%) studies reported no statistically significant association between place of residence and stage at diagnosis for breast cancer patients residing in rural and urban areas.
Conclusions. Cancer patients residing in rural and disadvantaged areas were more likely to be diagnosed with distant breast metastasis. Efforts to reduce these inequalities and subsequent mortality are needed.
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Densley, James Andrew. "Under the hood : the mechanics of London's street gangs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cea29f30-a98d-4f20-828b-6556a0ac51f4.
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Based upon two years of ethnographic fieldwork in London, England, which incorporated nearly 200 interviews with gang members, gang associates, and police officers, among others, this thesis addresses three questions presently unresolved in the street gangs literature: What is the business of gangs? How are gangs organised? And how do gangs recruit? With regard the business of gangs, this thesis illustrates how recreation, crime, enterprise, and extra-legal governance represent sequential stages in the evolutionary cycle of London’s street gangs. Gang member testimony emphasises how gangs typically begin life as neighbourhood-based peer groups, but also how, in response to external threats and financial commitments, gangs grow to incorporate street-level drugs distribution businesses that very much resemble the multi-level marketing structure of direct-sales companies. People join gangs to make money, achieve status, and obtain protection. Gangs engage in turf wars, acquire violent resources, and develop hierarchical structures in order to maintain provision of these desirable goods and services. Gang organisation, in turn, becomes a function of gang business. To better understand the nature and extent of gang organisation, this thesis moves on to discuss the presence of subgroups, hierarchy and leadership, pecuniary and non-pecuniary incentives, rules, responsibilities, and restrictions, and consequences for absconding within gangs. It further presents how, in order to convey reputation and achieve intimidation, gangs seek association with elements of popular culture that help promote their image. Finally, through the novel application of signalling theory to the gang recruitment process, this thesis demonstrates how gangs face a primary trust dilemma in their uncertainty over the quality of recruits. Given that none of the trust-warranting properties for gang membership can be readily discovered from observation, gangs look for observable signs correlated with these properties. Gangs face a secondary trust dilemma in their uncertainty over the reliability of signs because certain agents (e.g., police informants, rival gang members, and adventure-seekers) have incentives to mimic them. To overcome their informational asymmetry gangs thus screen for signs that are too costly for mimics to fake but affordable for the genuine article. The thesis concludes with a discussion of gang desistance and intervention in the context of escalating youth violence in London.
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Childs, David J. "The Black Church and African American Education: The African Methodist Episcopal Church Educating for Liberation, 1816-1893." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1250397808.
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Briney, Carol E. "My Journey with Prisoners: Perceptions, Observations and Opinions." Kent State University Liberal Studies Essays / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1373151648.
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Rao, Kamala P. "Juvenile delinquency in Hyderabad A study in urban ecology." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/4872.
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O'Neil-Henry, Anne Therese. "Parisian Social Studies: Positivism and the Novels of Balzac, Paul de Kock and Zola." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3931.
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In this dissertation I argue that the movement of panoramic literature under the July Monarchy (1830-1848) and its influence on the nineteenth-century urban novel must be re-imagined in the context of the proto-sociological movement of positivism. Existing criticism on panoramic literature typically views this movement as emerging from early-nineteenth-century urban upheaval. I focus here instead on early pre-sociological theory. Published concurrently with these panoramic texts whose popularity peaked in the early 1840s, the progressive theories of Auguste Comte (collected, in particular, in his Cours de philosophie positive from 1830-1842) promulgated a scientific, observational approach to the study of society. Throughout the five chapters of this project, I will posit that authors of urban novels, including Balzac, Paul de Kock and Zola, grappled with these theories actively, if implicitly at times, and that we can see this engagement most clearly in the passages employing the typological descriptions known as the tableaux de Paris, so central to panoramic literature.
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Johnson, Benjamin Scott. "This is Also the City: Urban Literature and Modernity in Colombia, 1920-1950." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D83R0SP1.
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The Conservative party ruled Colombia from 1886 to 1930. During this period, a coterie of grammarians, poets, and theologians consolidated political power by appealing to literature as a form of rhetorical expertise. The Liberal party took power in 1930 and would hold it until 1946. Recent scholarship has argued that during this period Liberal intellectuals defended the political authority of literary expertise even as they endorsed a modernizing program. Although these charges of hypocrisy are well founded, they tell a limited version of the history of the so-called Liberal Republic, failing to take into full account the work of intellectuals at the edges of the Liberal party’s patronage network. This dissertation considers a series of writer-journalists—including Luis Vidales, Luis Tejada, José Antonio Osorio Lizarazo, José Joaquín Jiménez, and Arnoldo Palacios—who were active in Bogotá between 1920 and 1950. It examines their essays, chronicles, novels, and poems in newspapers and magazines, and less often in books, to argue that they elaborated a new function for literature in Colombia, appealing to the genres of urban journalism and the emerging discipline of urban sociology in order to transform literature into a form of social investigation.
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"The industry of nostalgia: Urban growth and disillusionment in recent Mexican narrative." Tulane University, 2000.
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Recent Mexican narrative has produced a good number of novels where the sense of nostalgia becomes prevalent. The megalopolis that Mexico City has become with all the maladies that urban growth implies (continuous demographic and territorial growth, pollution and abuse of natural resources at the expense of many other regions of the country), is analogous to places like Rio de Janeiro, Calcutta and even Los Angeles. But beyond these, the sorrow and frustration expressed in several recent novels, points to the frustration of the middle classes portrayed in these narratives. At issue is their relation to the repressive atmosphere experienced through their youth at the hands of society's institutions but in particular to that of the State from the fifties onward. As if triggered by all these disappointments, as well as by a not too promising future, an 'industry of nostalgia' has been generated in much of the narrative subsequent to the period mentioned By contrast to the middle class' pretentious legitimization and representation of urban society at large, a series of multiple representations emerges and expresses alternate experiences. Though no less frustrated or optimistic about their past and immediate future than those of the middle class city dwellers, these marginal voices offer us a more complete picture of the urban experience in the Capital city. Their attitude is less sentimental in relation to that of their middle class brothers---who must embark on a nostalgic trip to the past in order to justify their present situation or find the origins of its conflicts In this study, I emphasize three key events of recent Mexican history that seem to affect, to a different degree, various sectors of the population of the Capital. First, the presidency of Miguel Aleman (1946--52) during the so called 'Mexican Miracle.' Second the presidency of Gustavo Diaz Ordaz (1964--70) and its role during the 1968 student massacre. And third, the most recent presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988--94) which brought about a new economic collapse of the country and revealed too the purge and internal struggles for power within the ruling political party PRI to which all these presidents have belonged. These events help to understand the sense of alienation of the population at largeacase@tulane.edu
Books on the topic "Sociology, urban, juvenile literature"
More sourcesBook chapters on the topic "Sociology, urban, juvenile literature"
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Crowell, Amber R., and Mark A. Fossett. "Introduction." In Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation Across the United States, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38371-7_1.
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AbstractThe purpose of this book is to describe and analyze patterns and trends in racial and ethnic residential segregation across the United States over time and across communities. With new methods to expand our scope of analysis beyond what has been done before, we cover recent decades in a variety of settings including metropolitan and micropolitan areas and rural communities (i.e., noncore counties). We direct our primary focus to residential segregation between major panethnic racial groups – Non-Hispanic White, Black, Latino, and Asian households in 2010 – and to broad changes in segregation from 1990 through 2010. But we also give attention to several more detailed aspects of trends and patterns in residential segregation. While the literature in sociology, demography, urban planning, and geography is rich with studies of residential segregation patterns, we believe this book establishes an important baseline for placing recent segregation research in a new context and for informing segregation research going forward. The basis for this is that we apply new methods for measuring and analyzing segregation that can at times drastically alter results obtained using more traditional approaches. In particular, we argue that these new methods of measurement and analysis address and overcome important methodological problems that have limited past research and, as a result, allow us to expand the scope of segregation studies and the quality of measurement to obtain improved findings that more accurately capture and reflect the demographic reality we are seeking to document.
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Özkan, Dilek Yıldız. "Urban Architecture in the Narrative of NW London." In Architecture in Contemporary Literature, 87–95. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815165166123010012.
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In the novel of NW by Zadie Smith, the multiethnic and multicultural social structure in northwest London is narrated through the story of four city dwellers. The aim of this study is to examine the story of the novel through the lenses of urban architecture in relation to the psychological, social, and environmental themes of the plot. For this aim, firstly, a brief introduction of the novel is presented. After the introduction, the main subject of the story, its main characters, and the relations between them are explained. In this section, characters of various ethnic backgrounds living in the economic difficulties brought on by metropolitan life, and the relationship between the different classes they represent, are examined. Then, the themes that the author fictionalized through the relations between the main characters by referring to the field of environmental psychology and sociology are extracted from the story. In the next section, the main characteristics of the streets, parks, and especially the council housing of the district that forms the urban architecture of northwest London in the background of the story, are summarized. Moreover, the main themes that were presented in the previous section are associated with the spaces and the architecture in which they pass. This association is made by examining the relationships of the characters who are in motion in spaces with each other, formed by the occasional intersection of their paths from place to place, and their experiences with space, place and institutions. In conclusion, it is determined that the author embodied many social and psychological themes in urban architecture, including council housing, which constitute the scenario of the story. These themes correspond to the fields of environmental psychology and sociology, such as racism, interracial relations, social class, social pressures, class distinctions, inequality, ethnicity, immigrants, identity, belonging, privacy, attachment to place, marriage, love, gender roles, violence, crime and mobility are put forward. Finally, the results show the following: The urban architecture, including council housing, affects the sense of belonging and identity of the people living in the area; housing perceptions and expectations of people differ from each other in accordance with their social class; and housing is considered an indicator of prestige and social class in the lives of the protagonists.
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Wolff, Jonathan, and Avner de-Shalit. "A Critical Literature Review." In City of Equals, 24–54. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198894735.003.0002.
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Abstract In this chapter, the authors undertake a critical literature review. The authors relate to works by political philosophers who have directly discussed equality in the city, but there are few such works. Since the book is written for a wider readership, including social scientists, urban studies scholars, planners, political scientists, and those who are in love with the urban way of life, the literature review is extended in several dimensions: contributions from a broader range of social sciences, urban studies and sociology, and political philosophy. Second, the authors incorporate a broader discourse on justice in the city because justice is only sometimes explicitly distinguished from equality in this literature. Furthermore, the authors look at some contributions which indirectly bear on their questions, even if they do not address them directly. The authors explain what remains to be done and how their work aims to do this.
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Mondal, Lipon. "Bangladesh’s Goal Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Cities: A Critical Investigation." In Society and Sociology in Bangladesh: A South Asian Perspective, 414–42. The University Press Limited (UPL), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59212/9789845064071_17.
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This chapter sheds light on Bangladesh’s Goal towards Inclusive and Sustainable Cities. In the author’s opinion, there are serious gaps between the existing urban problems created and sustained by the postcolonial state and neoliberal market and the solutions to those problems offered by the government’s plans and actions. This chapter explores such gaps by critically drawing on the theories of urban transformation, dispossession, and inclusive city, scholarly urban literature on Bangladesh, government’s policy and action reports, and empirical evidence collected from Dhaka. The author argues that unplanned urbanization and corrupt urban practices have made most Bangladeshi cities unequal, unsustainable, and unlivable. He shows that the government’s plans and actions since 1947 for building inclusive and sustainable cities are unrealistic and inadequate. The chapter further demonstrates how incumbent and future governments can achieve urban-related SDGs through re-planning and reorganizing cities for all. The author also proposed policies to create inclusive and sustainable cities in Bangladesh and concludes his chapter by highlighting the problems and prospects of urban life in 21st century Bangladesh.
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Zhang, Shuo, Vishal Bhavsar, and Dinesh Bhugra. "Cross-cultural contact: psychosis and the city in modern life." In Urban Mental Health (Oxford Cultural Psychiatry series), edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Antonio Ventriglio, João Castaldelli-Maia, and Layla McCay, 152–69. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198804949.003.0011.
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In the modern globalized world with rapid industrialization and urbanization the city has once again become the focus of modern social, economic and political life. Urban spaces and places have been the focus of research by many disciplines, including epidemiology, sociology, anthropology, and urban studies. In this chapter, the authors outline the importance and the role of culture in urban mental health employing various historical, sociological, and epidemiological contexts. The authors point out that modern multicultural approaches in viewing the metropolis can be conceptualized as a global hub of migration. This therefore becomes a place where individuals encounter the other and various boundaries between spaces and residence, and between wellness and illness, intersect. Acculturation to the urban places may take some time and the authors propose that the psychological process of acculturation is a useful beginning in terms of unpicking and understanding the phenomenology of identity formation and cross-cultural contact. The chapter traces the historical development of the city in parallel to the literature on psychosis and the city in developed and developing contexts, before critically examining the role of culture in informing our explanatory and interpretive frameworks of psychosis epidemiology.
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Summers, Brandi Thompson. "Introduction." In Black in Place, 1–27. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469654010.003.0001.
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The introductory chapter introduces readers to black aesthetic emplacement, the book’s central theoretical claim about the value and representation of blackness in the contemporary urban landscape. The chapter further highlights a theoretical shift in African American, sociological, geographical, and visual studies of how blackness is thought and deployed—where blackness does not always signal abjection—to situate how blackness has contributed to the redevelopment of the H Street NE corridor. The remaining space of the chapter introduces additional key terms: gentrification, authenticity, neoliberalism, and diversity and situate the book within scholarly debates in geography, sociology and urban studies literature.
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Dryfoos, Joy G. "Prevention of Delinquency." In Adolescents at Risk. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072686.003.0013.
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As we have seen in Chapter 3 (Prevalence of Delinquency), the phrase “juvenile delinquency” may refer to the “continuum of behavior that transgresses social norms,” ranging from socially unacceptable behavior (acting out in school) to status offenses (running away) to criminal acts (burglary). This broad definition sets wide boundaries on a discussion of prevention. Preventing disruptive behavior in the early elementary grades is quite a different task from preventing major criminal acts among high-school-age gangs. The former focuses more on altering individual and family functioning, while the latter involves alterations in the peer culture, the school experience, and the broader social environment. In any case, a review of the literature on prevention of delinquency produces few programs that can be cited as models of primary prevention at early or late stages. A very small number of programs could generate evidence that they stopped the onset of delinquent behavior. Interventions were cited, however, that have an indirect effect on later delinquency by modifying “acting out” and conduct disorders at very early ages. Many of the programs discussed in the literature focus on secondary prevention, working with adjudicated juvenile delinquents to lower the rates of recidivism (repeat offenses), and almost none of those appear to meet with great success. The dearth of successful prevention programs in the area of delinquency is not surprising in light of the complexity of the problem and its deep-seated causes. The usual difficulties with evaluation design are compounded in this field by murky definitions. Repeated reviews of literally thousands of studies have produced almost none with adequate evaluations. Leitenberg’s commentary on the “state-of-the-art” is not very encouraging: . . . My thoughts about primary prevention programs in delinquency tend to be pessimistic. Unless the larger political, organizational, economic and social issues are addressed . . . we will make small headway. . . . I think the most productive area is not within the realm of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, social work, or criminology—it is within the area of politics. . .
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Barker, Eileen. "Bryan Ronald Wilson 1926–2004." In Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 161, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows, VIII. British Academy, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264577.003.0018.
Full textAbstract:
Bryan Ronald Wilson (1926–2004), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a world-renowned sociologist of religion. He was awarded a D.Litt. by the University of Oxford in 1994, the same year that he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy. Wilson was also awarded an Arnold Gerstenberg studentship, which allowed him to take up a place at the London School of Economics, where Maurice Ginsberg introduced him to the literature of the sociology of religion and where he developed a life-long interest in sectarian movements. He returned to Yorkshire to take up an Assistant Lectureship in Sociology in the Department of Social Studies at the University of Leeds in October 1955, being promoted to Lecturer in 1957. There Wilson taught courses on urban sociology, sociological theory, and the social institutions of modern Britain, as well as on the sociology of religion. He was a Fellow of All Souls College for thirty years. The themes of secularisation, rationalism, and sectarianism were of particular interest to Wilson throughout his academic life.
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Lim, Sun Sun. "Parenting Today." In Transcendent Parenting, 21–41. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190088989.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter identifies the key priorities among parents of Asia’s urban middle-class families. The three key priorities are inculcating values in their children to ensure positive maturation, exercising oversight and supervision over them to protect them from harm and adverse influence, and providing support for their children’s academic achievement for future success. This chapter also reviews existing literature on the sociology of parenting and parenting trends that influence and are influenced by transcendent parenting. Parenting concepts such as intensive parenting, concerted cultivation, and paranoid parenting will also be analyzed in relation to transcendent parenting.
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Snyder, Gregory J. "Landmark Achievements." In Skateboarding LA. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9780814769867.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter shows the process whereby a particular skate spot becomes a subcultural landmark. This focus on skating in public space touches many of the debates in urban sociology about the use and abuse of space. This more theoretical chapter reviews some of the literature surrounding public space and argues that skateboarding creates its own landmarks by taking the banal and the everyday, like a set of stairs, and turning it into a place to perform, to talk about, and to cherish. In this way spots become part of the historical legacy of the culture.
Conference papers on the topic "Sociology, urban, juvenile literature"
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Fayet de Oliveira, Fernando, and Leonardo Cassimiro Barbosa. "O INDIVÍDUO NA FORMAÇÃO DA CIDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.12185.
Full textAbstract:
The structure of the contemporary city has its origin in the modern city, which emerged after the industrial revolution, as a result of the new relations of production. The changes, in the transition from modernity to post-modernity, are not restricted to the territory, and reflect on the individual, and the cosmopolitan personality loses its reason to exist. It is proposed to analyze how the discipline of urban sociology understands the changes that occur in society and in the individual in the midst of these processes. It also seeks to understand, in particular, the process of urban dispersion and the formation of the anti-urban individual, as well as the relationship between ideology and the conformation of the territory. In order to do so, a literature review was used regarding the ideas of the modern city, its transformations and dispersion in the territory throughout the 20th century and the role of the individual in this territory in transformation. The research demonstrates the complexity of understanding contemporary urban space, demonstrating it as a result of the reciprocal relationship between the individual and the space produced and how this fact has aggravated socio-spatial segregation, as well as the tendency of individualization of relationships and anti-urban feeling in contemporary society. Keywords: Urban Dispersion, History of Urban Planning, Anti-Urban, Urban Sociology A estrutura da cidade contemporânea tem sua origem na cidade moderna, que emergiu pós-revolução industrial, em decorrência das novas relações de produção colocadas. As mudanças, na transição da modernidade à pós-modernidade, não se restringem ao território, e refletem no indivíduo, e a personalidade cosmopolita perde sua razão de existir. Propõe-se analisar como a disciplina da sociologia urbana compreende as mudanças ocorridas na sociedade e no indivíduo em meio a estes processos. Procura-se ainda compreender, em especial o processo de dispersão urbana e a formação do indivíduo antiurbano bem como a relação entre ideologia e conformação do território. Para tanto, fez-se uso de revisão da literatura no que tange o ideário de cidade moderna, suas transformações e dispersão no território ao longo do século XX e o papel do indivíduo neste território em transformação. A pesquisa demonstra a complexidade de compreensão do espaço urbano contemporâneo, demonstrando-o como resultado da relação recíproca entre o indivíduo e o espaço produzido e como este fato tem agravado a segregação socioespacial, bem como a tendência de individualização das relações e a tendência antiurbana da sociedade contemporânea. Palavras-chave: Dispersão urbana, História do Planejamento Urbano, Antiurbano, Sociologia Urbana
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Ayala de la Hoz, Angélica Piedad. "Las ciudades insulares en el Caribe Occidental: desarrollo del concepto urbanístico-territorial de ciudad insular a partir del estudio comparativo de las Islas de la Bahía de Honduras y San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina – Colombia." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6034.
Full textAbstract:
Proponemos en este trabajo contribuir a esa reflexión universal sobre la ciudad, presentando una categoría
de ciudad que se funda rodeada de mar. <Islas> ubicadas en un lugar geográfico específico y parte de una
unidad territorial reconocible. La ciudad insular es un aporte a esa reflexión sobre la ciudad, retomando el
conocimiento previo, fruto del estudio exhaustivo de pequeñas islas. Expertos en disciplinas afines al
urbanismo, nos han prestado conceptos, teorías e ideas sobre lo que significa habitar una isla; hemos
querido visibilizar estos aportes en la construcción de una categoría urbanística, que sobretodo reflexiona
en la condición insular. Proponemos materializar este concepto de ciudad insular en un espacio real y
posible centrando nuestra observación en pequeños espacios insulares, ubicados en la Islas de la Bahía de
Honduras y en el Archipiélago de San Andrés y providencia- Colombia; espacios insulares que algunas
veces se comprenden fácilmente como ciudades; otras, simplemente como islas. In this study we propose to contribute to a universal reflection about the city, presenting an urban category
which is founded surrounded by the sea. <Islands> which are located in a specific geographical location and
are part of a recognized territorial unit. The term insular city contributes to this reflection, reconsidering the
previous knowledge, which is fruit of the exhaustive study on small islands. Experts in disciplines affined to
urbanism, such as the geography, the sociology or even the literature; have all lent concepts, theories and
ideas about what it means to inhabit an island; we wanted to visualize these contributions in the construction
of an urban category, that most importantly reflects upon the insular condition. We propose for the first time
to materialize this concept of insular city in a real, possible space and center our observations on small
insular spaces, that in some cases are easily considered to be cities; others, simply as islands.