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Journal articles on the topic 'Sociology, urban, juvenile literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Hummel, Carolina. "“Onde a ação se une com a ideia: produção do espaço urbano e sociabilidade juvenil em uma batalha de rimas”." Áskesis - Revista des discentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da UFSCar 9, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.46269/9120.549.

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Resumo Este artigo visa refletir sobre como categorias como sociabilidade e circulação pela cidade estão conectadas à ocupação do espaço público pela perspectiva da juventude engajada no movimento hip-hop. Com pesquisa de campo[1] realizada em uma batalha de rimas de São Carlos, o trabalho se debruçará nas notas da experiência no evento para discutir, em conjunto com a literatura e com letras de rap, como os jovens estão pensando e produzindo seus espaços dentro da cidade. [1] A pesquisa de campo em questão foi realizada como exercício na disciplina de Etnografia em Sociologia ministrada pelo Profº Gabriel Feltran, no segundo semestre de 2018.

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2

Rotella, Carlo. "Urban Literature: A User’s Guide." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 4 (September 5, 2017): 797–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144217729148.

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This article addresses urbanists in various fields—history, the social sciences, planning, and more—who are interested in incorporating literary works into their teaching and research and may be looking for critical approaches that connect such work to their own expertise. It begins from the premise that the traits that make a city a city present writers with opportunities to tell stories, experiment with form, make meaning, and otherwise exercise the literary imagination. When we use “urban literature” as a category of analysis, when we try to identify relationships between cities and the writing produced in and about them, we are asserting that this writing takes shape around confronting the city as a formal, social, and conceptual challenge. This article explores examples of texts ranging from Sister Carrie to I Am Legend and beyond that engage signature urban processes such as urbanization, development, and the dense overlap of orders.

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3

Tomasson, Richard F. "Juvenile Social Maladjustment and Human Rights in the Context of Urban Development." Contemporary Sociology 16, no. 2 (March 1987): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2070710.

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4

KRESS, SUSAN. "Can Sociology Be Literature?" Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 27, no. 2 (July 1998): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124198027002005.

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5

Felker-Kantor, Max. "“Kid Thugs Are Spreading Terror Through the Streets”: Youth, Crime, and the Expansion of the Juvenile Justice System in Los Angeles, 1973-1980." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 3 (January 22, 2016): 476–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144215623260.

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Over the course of the 1970s, liberal and conservative officials in Los Angeles worked to reform a juvenile justice system they believed to be too lenient on children and teenagers who committed crimes. They intended for diversion programs, vocational training, and rehabilitation measures to complement punitive approaches of surveillance, arrest, and incarceration. By posing rehabilitation as complementary to imprisonment, liberal officials contributed to the development of a dual system of juvenile justice. As a result, the carceral state extended beyond the formal criminal justice system and into a range of other institutions, such as schools and social welfare agencies. The two-tiered system, however, also drove the criminalization of black and Latino youth by focusing punishment on them. In contrast to white suburbanites, who were treated as status offenders, black and Latino kids and teenagers received juvenile criminal and court records and increasingly came into contact with an expanded juvenile justice system over the course of the 1970s.

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6

Prayitno, Kuat Puji, Dwiki Oktobrian, and Jaco Barkhuizen. "Addressing Prison Education and the Obstacles in Ensuring the Right to Education in Indonesian Juvenile Correctional Facilities." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 7, no. 2 (December 7, 2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i2.42656.

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Reintegrating juvenile offenders into society with a positive reception is a primary objective of education, aimed at breaking the cycle of incarceration that results in recidivism. This article aims to delineate the prison education policies within Indonesian juvenile correctional facilities (LPKA), focusing on regulatory frameworks and their practical implementation. It focuses on the issue of the LPKA's capability in Indonesia to ensure access to education, which is a fundamental right of juvenile inmates, and on whether its benefits can be felt and realized. Data collection methods encompassed interviews, regulatory assessments, institutional report evaluations, and literature reviews. Findings indicate that, despite a 270% decrease in juvenile inmate numbers from 2018 to 2022, only 68% of this population was granted educational access. Contributing factors include specific regulatory constraints on educational access and a lack of innovative collaborations, even with the reduced workload in LPKA. The study advocates for the initiation of formal educational institutions within LPKA, minimizing reliance on the Ministry of Education and allowing for curriculum adaptation to prevailing conditions. Keywords: Prison Education, Right to Education, Juvenile Correctional Facilities, Juvenile Inmates, Social Rehabilitation

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7

Hero, Rodney E. "The Urban Service Delivery Literature: Some Questions & Considerations." Polity 18, no. 4 (June 1986): 659–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3234887.

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8

Lazerges, Christine. "Réponses à la délinquance des mineurs." Revue française d'administration publique 91, no. 1 (1999): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1999.3326.

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Responses to Juvénile Delinquency In 1998 Christine Lazerges and Jean-Pierre Balduck made a report to the Prime Minister on behalf of the inter-ministerial taskforce on the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency. The 135 proposals contained in this report are oriented around the two axes of prevention and repression. Better preventive measures require mobilisation on the part of those responsible for socialisation, in schools and through integration into urban policy issues particularly. Introduction of the repressive measures was initiated by the application of the whole spectrum of measures introduced by the Order of 2 November 1945 on juvenile delinquency, followed by the renewed responses of the police and judicial authorities achieved via a greater specialisation of police, judicial and incarceration structures.

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9

Niskanen, Vilma, and Petteri Pietikäinen. "Rikollisuus ja sosiaalisen disorganisaation teoria Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan tutkimuksissa 1918-1948." Kriminologia 1, no. 1 (May 25, 2021): 60–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54332/krim.109020.

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Artikkeli tarkastelee sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen ja teorian alkuperää ja kehitystä aatehistoriallisesta näkökulmasta. Lähdeaineistona ovat keskeiset Chicagon sosiologisen koulukunnan julkaisut vuosien 1918 ja 1948 välillä. Kirjoittajien erityishuomio on kohdistunut ensinnäkin sosiaalisen disorganisaation käsitteen esille tuloon ja varhaiseen soveltamiseen William I. Thomasin, Robert E. Parkin ja muiden Chicagon sosiologien kirjoituksissa, ja toiseksi käsitteen ja teorian hyödyntämiseen Clifford R. Shaw’n ja Henry D. McKayn merkittävässä kriminologisessa tutkimuksessa Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). Artikkelissa esitetään, että sosiaalisen disorganisaation teorialla oli keskeinen osa Chicagon sosiologien tutkimuksissa, joissa yhteiskunnallista muutosta ja sosiaalista kontrollia käsitteellistettiin nopeasti kasvavan Chicagon kaupunkielämään keskittyvän empiirisen havainnoinnin pohjalta. Teoria oli laajassa käytössä yhdysvaltalaisessa kriminologiassa ja muissa yhteiskuntatieteissä siksi, että sen avulla kyettiin antamaan uskottavia sosiologisia selityksiä (suur)kaupunkien kasvun ja muutoksen tuomista ongelmista. Teoria joutui suurelta osin marginaaliin 1960-luvulla, mutta 1980-luvulla kriminologinen kiinnostus sosiaaliseen disorganisaatioon alkoi jälleen kasvaa, ja nykyisin teoriaa käytetään kriminologian lisäksi aluetutkimuksessa, kaupunkisosiologiassa ja psykiatriassa. Vilma Niskanen and Petteri Pietikäinen: Crime and the theory of social disorganization in the studies of the Chicago School of Sociology between 1918 and 1948. This article examines the origin and development of the concept and theory of social disorganization from the methodological perspective of intellectual history. Based on the study of publications of the main representatives of the Chicago School of Sociology between the years 1918 and 1948, the article analyses the ways in which social disorganization was first discussed by William I. Thomas, Robert E. Park and other Chicago sociologists, and how the concept and theory was later used in Shaw’s and McKay’s influential criminological study Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (1942). At the outset, the notion of social disorganization was central to the Chicago sociologists’ conceptualization of social change and social control that they observed first-hand in the streets of the rapidly growing City of Chicago. The authors argue that theory was widely used in American social science, including criminology, between the 1920s and 1950s, because it had strong explanatory force in the study of social problems in urban areas undergoing changes and re-organization. After becoming marginalized as a theory in the 1960s, a criminological interest in social disorganization increased through the 1980s, and at present it is used not only in criminology but also in area studies, urban sociology and psychiatry. Keywords: social disorganisation – Chicago school of sociology – history of sociology and criminology – urban sociology

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10

Harahap, Muhammad Ade Kurnia, Supriandi, Funco Tanipu, and Abraham Manuhutu. "Relations between Architecture, Urban Planning, Environmental Engineering, and Sociology in Sustainable Urban Design in Indonesia (Literature Study)." Jurnal Geosains West Science 1, no. 02 (June 30, 2023): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v1i02.395.

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Studi literatur ini mengeksplorasi hubungan interdisipliner antara arsitektur, perencanaan kota, teknik lingkungan, dan sosiologi dalam desain perkotaan berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kolaborasi interdisipliner sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan dan layak huni, karena memastikan bahwa prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan diintegrasikan ke dalam proses desain dan bahwa kebutuhan dan preferensi orang-orang yang tinggal di kota dipertimbangkan. Prinsip desain berkelanjutan, seperti efisiensi energi, pengelolaan air, pengelolaan limbah, dan penggunaan bahan ramah lingkungan, sangat penting untuk menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan. Studi ini juga mengidentifikasi peran teknologi dalam desain perkotaan yang berkelanjutan, termasuk kemampuannya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi, pengelolaan air, pengelolaan limbah, dan transportasi. Selain itu, partisipasi masyarakat sangat penting untuk menciptakan rasa kepemilikan dan kebanggaan terhadap lingkungan perkotaan. Studi ini mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan dan peluang untuk hubungan interdisipliner antara disiplin ilmu ini dalam desain perkotaan berkelanjutan di Indonesia, termasuk kurangnya koordinasi antara berbagai disiplin ilmu yang terlibat dan kurangnya sumber daya dan pendanaan untuk proyek desain perkotaan berkelanjutan. Secara keseluruhan, studi ini menyoroti pentingnya kolaborasi interdisipliner, prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan, teknologi, dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menciptakan lingkungan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan dan layak huni di Indonesia. Penelitian lebih lanjut harus fokus pada pengembangan model yang efektif untuk kolaborasi interdisipliner, mengidentifikasi strategi yang efektif untuk menerapkan prinsip-prinsip desain berkelanjutan, dan mengeksplorasi peran teknologi dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam desain perkotaan yang berkelanjutan.

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11

Lockwood, Brian, Elizabeth R. Groff, George F. Rengert, and Heidi E. Grunwald. "The Relationship between Social Distance and Treatment Attrition for Juvenile Offenders." Journal of Urban Affairs 37, no. 4 (October 2015): 462–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12154.

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12

Frost, Lionel. "The Urban History Literature of Australia and New Zealand." Journal of Urban History 22, no. 1 (November 1995): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009614429502200106.

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13

McChesney, Kay Young. "A Review of the Empirical Literature on Contemporary Urban Homeless Families." Social Service Review 69, no. 3 (September 1995): 429–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/604134.

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14

Reynolds, Nancy Y. "Beyond the Urban." International Journal of Middle East Studies 46, no. 1 (February 2014): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743813001372.

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Studies of public space focus disproportionately on cities. Complex and densely populated urban built environments—with their streets, plazas, institutional buildings, housing projects, markets—make concrete and visible attempts to manage difference. They also structure the ways that less powerful residents challenge and sometimes remake elites’ spatial visions of the social order. The robust literature in Middle East studies on Islamic cities, colonial cities, dual cities, quarters and ethnicities, port cities, and so forth is no exception to this urban focus.

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15

Turcotte, Martin. "L'urbain est-il plus tolérant: le Canada et les États-Unis." Canadian Journal of Political Science 34, no. 4 (December 2001): 819–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423901778109.

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The political tolerance and urban sociology literature indicates that urban residence is positively linked to tolerant attitudes and behaviour. Because the city favours more contacts with unconventional groups and individuals, urban dwellers develop a higher level of political tolerance. The present article tests the empirical relevance of the rural/urban cleavage in the Canadian context. The paper shows that ''urban'' political tolerance may be specific to the United States.

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16

Abrams, Laura S., Ben Anderson-Nathe, and Jemel Aguilar. "Constructing Masculinities in Juvenile Corrections." Men and Masculinities 11, no. 1 (October 2008): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x06291893.

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17

TÖTEMEYER, ANDRÉE-JEANNE. "Desert Survival and Wilderness Adventures Juvenile Literature for a Young Namibian Nation?" Matatu 17-18, no. 1 (April 26, 1997): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-90000220.

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18

Poveda, David, Marta Casla, Claudia Messina, Marta Morgade, Irene Rujas, Laura Pulido, and Isabel Cuevas. "The After School Routines of Literature-Devoted Urban Children." Children's Geographies 5, no. 4 (November 2007): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733280701631890.

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19

Sheth, Sharvin K., Amit C. Jhala, and Jay V. Shah. "Hirayama Disease: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review." Back Bone Journal 3, no. 2 (2022): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/bbj.2022.v03i02.048.

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Hirayama disease is a rare neurological condition and is characterized by a sporadic juvenile muscular atrophy of distal upper extremity in young males. The disease is more prevalent in Japan and other Asian countries, though a few cases have been reported in Western countries as well. It manifests as a self-limiting, gradually progressive atrophic weakness of forearm and hand. The anterior displacement of posterior dura during neck flexion leading to cervical cord atrophy has been hypothesized. We discuss a case of a 21-year-old male patient with progressive distal upper extremity weakness, diagnosed with Hirayama disease, and literature review for the same. Keywords: Hirayama Disease, Juvenile muscular atrophy, Monomelic amyotrophy

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20

Wang, Ning, Nico Mutzner, and Karl Blanchet. "Societal acceptance of urban drones: A scoping literature review." Technology in Society 75 (November 2023): 102377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102377.

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21

Velho, Gilberto. "Urban anthropology: interdisciplinarity and boundaries of knowledge." Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 8, no. 2 (December 2011): 452–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1809-43412011000200023.

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This text deals with the complexity and development of Urban Anthropology. It is also an account of the author's career and his relations with different fields of knowledge, not only Social Sciences like Sociology and Political Science, but also Literature, Philosophy, History and the Arts in general. The text emphasizes the importance of crossing borders and frontiers as a way of enriching different lines of research and thought. Among other groups he cites the Chicago School of Sociology and British Social Anthropology as important examples of interdisciplinary work. The author draws attention to the complexity and heterogeneity of modern contemporary society and to the importance of mobilizing different traditions of work and research, especially when dealing with urban studies centred on the big cities and metropolises.

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22

Smith, Geoffrey C. "The spatial shopping behaviour of the urban elderly: A review of the literature." Geoforum 19, no. 2 (January 1988): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7185(88)80028-9.

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23

Kubek, Julia Behen, Carly Tindall-Biggins, Kelsie Reed, Lauren E. Carr, and Pamela A. Fenning. "A systematic literature review of school reentry practices among youth impacted by juvenile justice." Children and Youth Services Review 110 (March 2020): 104773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104773.

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24

Patel, Sujata. "Rethinking Urban Studies Today." Sociological Bulletin 67, no. 1 (February 13, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038022917751974.

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The article engages with the literature that has emerged since the 1990s in urban studies in India and in this context, discusses the nature of India’s urban modernity. It suggests that scholars in India participate and engage with the global discussion on urban studies by removing themselves from the epistemic confusions of colonial episteme and of methodological nationalism that has bound sociology in India. It suggests that contemporary processes of capitalism have enveloped the entire territory of the country into an urban space with the mobile upper classes termed ‘middle classes’ and the state policies linking unevenly the so-called rural and urban areas through new forms of capitalist accumulation. These organise specific patterns of spatial inequalities and exclusions and in turn fuel contradictory processes of politics relating to gender, caste, ethnicity and religiosities. The focus of the urban studies should be to analyse the way the global intersects with regions and localities as these are being spatially constituted in the context of uneven urbanisation.

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25

Coope, Jonathan, Andy Barrett, Brian Brown, Mark Crossley, Raghu Raghavan, and Muthusamy Sivakami. "Resilience, mental health and urban migrants: a narrative review." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 16, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2019-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the literature on mental health resilience and other positive mental health capacities of urban and internal migrants. Design/methodology/approach The methodology for this narrative review included a search of articles published up to 2017. The abstracts were screened and relevant articles studied and discussed. Literature on the particular mental health challenges of urban migrants in India was also studied. References found in the literature relating to neurourbanism were also followed up to explore broader historical and conceptual contexts. Findings Several key sources and resources for mental health resilience were identified – including familial and community networks and individual hope or optimism. Nevertheless, much of the literature tends to focus at the level of the individual person, even though ecological systems theory would suggest that mental health resilience is better understood as multi-layered, i.e. relevant to, and impacted by, communities and broader societal and environmental contexts. Originality/value This paper provides insight into an aspect of migrant mental health that has tended to be overlooked hitherto: the mental health resilience and positive mental health capacities of urban migrants. This is particularly relevant where professional “expert” mental health provision for internal migrant communities is absent or unaffordable. Previous work has tended to focus predominantly on mental health risk factors, despite growing awareness that focusing on risk factors along can lead to an over-reliance on top-down expert-led interventions and overlook positive capacities for mental health that are sometimes possessed by individuals and their communities.

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26

Zambrano-Constanzo, Alba, Lorena Wenger-Amengual, Ricardo Pérez-Luco Arenas, and Diego Rosas-Wellmann. "Construcción de identidad en jóvenes infractores de ley, reflexiones a partir de dos décadas de investigaciones en el sur de Chile." Revista Criminalidad 64, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47741/17943108.332.

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En este artículo, en la modalidad de ensayo, se analiza la construcción de identidad en jóvenes infractores de ley a partir del resultado de un conjunto de investigaciones realizadas con población infanto-juvenil urbana, que vive en condiciones de pobreza en regiones del sur de Chile. Estas investigaciones desarrolladas durante más de dos décadas, primero de tipo cualitativo y luego cuantitativo, permiten identificar particularidades en el proceso de construcción de identidad, que hacen posible plantear una identidad delictiva conformada en un proceso de larga data en niños y adolescentes que viven la experiencia de desadaptación social, apreciándose diferentes trayectorias persistentes en el tiempo. En adolescentes que construyen una identidad que valida la delincuencia como forma de vida, si bien se identifican factores de riesgos en diversos planos, similares a los que la literatura destaca, en la realidad estudiada aparecen importantes condiciones contextuales (dinámica familiar, condiciones barriales, experiencias escolares y con programas de intervención, etc.) que desempeñan un papel de relevancia que valida y refuerza esa identidad.

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27

Bangura, Mohamed. "Sociology Learning Curriculum for Sustainable Development: The Sierra Leone Rural and Urban Social Observation." British Journal of Education, Learning and Development Psychology 6, no. 3 (September 4, 2023): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/bjeldp-lj85tsnv.

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This research sought to explore sociology learning curriculum affairs, teaching and social learning for sustainable development in Sociology Departments in Sierra Leone. Education for Sustainable Development is a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation dream which desires at transforming the route to education by accommodating doctrines, attitudes, customs and demands in all sorts of learning. Literature has authenticated the significance of problem resolving, environmentally applicable sociology education, activity dependent and cooperative education as the foundation for sustainable development. Focus has also been lodged alongside the pedagogical and sociology curriculum affairs in assistance of sustainable teaching and learning in developing nations. The methodology recruited consisted of literature search, questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentary analysis. The research was embraced on two rural and two urban university sociology departments. The outcomes disclosed that some departments obeyed a genuinely harmonised sociology curriculum where academic performance was harmonised with industry-based education or learning, while others obeyed an authentically academic sociology curriculum. Results demonstrated that trailing an academic sociology curriculum steered to relevant employment though unemployment was immense due to the absence of competence. The immense rate of employment of those trailing harmonised sociology curriculum seemed to be an inducement. The research concluded that a harmonised curriculum and sociology education was more constructive for sustainable development and entrepreneurship. Advance research is required on the sociology curriculum and approaches for education or industry harmonisation for sustainable development and challenges sociology departments encounter in attempting to execute the Education for Sustainable Development programme in developing nations.

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28

Butcher, Luke, Andrew Day, Debra Miles, and Garry Kidd. "A Comparative Analysis of the Risk Profiles of Australian Young Offenders From Rural and Urban Communities." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 63, no. 14 (June 5, 2019): 2483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x19853110.

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Australian young people from rural areas, particularly Aboriginal young people, are overrepresented in the juvenile justice system. Apart from broad evidence regarding the entrenched social disadvantages experienced by young people in rural communities, the literature is limited in describing why this might be case. Due to these social disadvantages, it is hypothesised that young offenders from rural communities will have higher levels of offending risk factors, as measured by the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory—Australian Adaption (YLS/CMI-AA). A total of 6,750 archival records were analysed, showing that significantly more Aboriginal young offenders live in rural areas. Contrary to the hypothesis, urban young offenders had significantly higher risk scores than rural young offenders. These findings suggest that there may be particular ecological factors that are not assessed in the current risk assessment instrument or that rural young people have a range of protective factors that may insulate against the broader context of social disadvantage.

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29

Ramírez, William. "The rise of urban diasporic identity and consciousness in Guatemalan American literature." Latino Studies 17, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 362–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41276-019-00192-0.

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30

Felder, Maxime. "Strong, Weak and Invisible Ties: A Relational Perspective on Urban Coexistence." Sociology 54, no. 4 (January 17, 2020): 675–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519895938.

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The dichotomy between ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ ties is a common theme in sociological scholarship dealing with urban space, yet urban ethnographers have long been describing the prevalence of impersonal relations. Such relations can be described as fleeting encounters between complete strangers, while others – as in the case of ‘nodding’ relationships – are durable and have yet to be conceptualised. The notion of ‘invisible ties’ is proposed as a conceptual handle for studying typical urban relations that complement the established notions of strong and weak ties. Through an empirical study of four residential buildings in Geneva (Switzerland), these ‘invisible ties’ are revealed by means of a systemic approach to social urban life, from which two key actors emerge: ‘socialisers’ and ‘figures’. This research addresses gaps in the literature on interpersonal relations in urban contexts by focusing on the interplay between different types of social ties, encompassing the whole continuum from anonymity to intimacy.

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YASEEN, Aneela. "Inclusive Aspects of Urban Design: Sociability, Walkability and Overall Ambiance." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 05, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748117500014.

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Urban design is a multifaceted process that interfaces various aspects, extending from community physical activity and health improvement to social and environmental fields. An efficient urban design requires understanding of ideas, paradigms, and research from many dimensions of knowledge, i.e. anthropology, sociology, engineering, architecture, and urban planning. The debate in this paper is based on the fact that the sociability of a society is dependent on its urban design prototype. A systemic urban design increases the opportunity for walkability, sequentially enhancing the probability of real-time social interaction. Such an urban ambiance plays a significant role in human physical and mental well-being and their behaviors. The aspects of urban space, such as sociability, walkability and overall ambiance, are appraised according to the published literature. This paper aims at collecting the already proven specifics in one piece of writing to open up avenues for further research and establish the inclusive aspects of urban design. The literature from the final decade of the 20th century to contemporary works has been considered for this instance. The research concludes that interdisciplinary engagement and participation of the public in decision-making for urban design are necessary. It recommends further exploration of the relationship of sociability, walkability and urban ambiance, and their correlation with human well-being.

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32

Sochacka, Beata A., Steven J. Kenway, and Marguerite A. Renouf. "Liveability and its interpretation in urban water management: Systematic literature review." Cities 113 (June 2021): 103154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103154.

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33

Free, Marvin D. "Clarifying the relationship between the broken home and juvenile delinquency: A critique of the current literature." Deviant Behavior 12, no. 2 (April 1991): 109–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639625.1991.9967871.

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Hoskins, David, Peggy Tahir, Margareth Del Cid, Leyla Perez-Gualdron, and Marina Tolou-Shams. "Ecological systems in relation to Latinx youth in the juvenile justice system: A narrative literature review." Children and Youth Services Review 117 (October 2020): 104669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104669.

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Fregonese, Sara. "Shockwaves." Conflict and Society 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2021.070103.

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Urban conflict literature has attempted new comparisons between contested cities in conflict zones and cities with no armed conflict. This literature tends to use representational frameworks around defensive planning and normative government discourses. In this article, I propose to expand these frameworks and to engage with epistemologies of lived experience to produce new relational accounts linking “conflict cities” with “ordinary cities”. The article accounts for the lived, sensory and atmospheric in exploring the legacies of conflict on the everyday urban environments. It then reflects on the everyday and experiential effects of counterterrorism in ordinary cities. While this is designed to minimize threat, it also alters urban spatiality in a way reminiscent of urban conflict zones. It then explores the unequal impacts of counterterrorism across urban publics, and their experiential connections with practices of counterinsurgency. The article is structured around two ‘shockwaves’ entwining lived experiences across seemingly unrelatable urban settings.

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Bıyık, Can, Ahmad Abareshi, Alexander Paz, Rosa Arce Ruiz, Rosaria Battarra, Christopher D. F. Rogers, and Carmen Lizarraga. "Smart Mobility Adoption: A Review of the Literature." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020146.

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Traffic congestion and air pollution continue to be serious concerns, especially in large cities, and going forward, this is not sustainable. Urban transport around the world is facing challenges, such as air pollution and inefficient use of resources, that often inhibit economic development. Simply building more roads cannot address such challenges. There is a need to integrate the urban infrastructure through smart connectivity. Smart mobility, as a vital cornerstone of a smart city, will potentially reduce traffic jams, commuting times, and road crashes and create an opportunity for passengers to customize their journeys. In fact, planning smart mobility solutions is among the top challenges for large cities around the world. It involves a set of deliberate actions backed by sophisticated technologies. The different elements and dimensions that characterize smart mobility are investigated to depict the overall picture surrounding the smart mobility domain. Additionally, the trends, opportunities, and threats inherent to smart mobility are addressed. There are four segments of smart mobility that are highlighted in this paper: intelligent transport systems, open data, big data analytics, and citizen engagement. These segments are all inter-related and play a crucial role in the successful implementation of smart mobility.

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Fierro, Pablo, Jaime Tapia, Carlos Bertrán, Cristina Acuña, and Luis Vargas-Chacoff. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Two Edible Fish Species and Water from North Patagonia Estuary." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 2492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062492.

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Estuaries worldwide have been severely degraded and become reservoirs for many types of pollutants, such as heavy metals. This study investigated the levels of Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in water and whole fish. We sampled 40 juvenile silversides Odontesthes regia and 41 juvenile puye Galaxias maculatus from the Valdivia River estuary, adjacent to the urban area in southern South America (Chile). Samples were analyzed using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In water samples, metals except Zn were mostly below the detection limits and all metals were below the maximum levels established by local guidelines in this estuary. In whole fish samples, concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cd were significantly higher in puyes than in silversides. Additionally, Zn, Pb, and Mn were correlated to body length and weight in puyes, whereas Cd was correlated to body length in silversides. The mean concentration of heavy metals in silverside and puyes were higher than those reported in the literature. In silversides, all heavy metal levels were below the limits permitted by current legislation (FAO), whereas in puyes Pb and Cd levels were above the recommended maximum level established by international guidelines, therefore putting the human population at risk.

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Tranos, Emmanouil. "Social Network Sites and Knowledge Transfer: An Urban Perspective." Journal of Planning Literature 35, no. 4 (May 5, 2020): 408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412220921526.

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This article surveys the literature to explore whether and how internet technologies and applications such as social network sites (SNS) support social interactions and, through them, knowledge transfers at different spatial scales and settings. By employing concepts from economic geography and combining them with ideas and empirics from urban sociology, business, and media studies, this article informs urban thinking about the underpinning mechanisms behind SNS-mediated vis-à-vis face-to-face knowledge-related interactions and how they mirror but also challenge established spatial patterns of knowledge spillovers.

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Pleij, H. "The Function of Literature in Urban Societies in the Later Middle Ages." Dutch Crossing 10, no. 29 (August 1986): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03096564.1986.11783841.

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Ossebi, Henri. "De la galère à la guerre : jeunes et «Cobras» dans les quartiers Nord de Brazzaville." Politique africaine 72, no. 1 (1998): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/polaf.1998.6170.

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From delinquency to war : young people and «cobras» in the north districts of brazzaville. Analyses that see only political instrumentalisation in militia violence are inadequate. On the one hand, because of the diversity of the identifiable forms of structured or «informal » juvenile violence, before, during and after the two civil wars in Brazzaville. On the other, because of the perpetuation of violence by these urban actors beyond the political motivations or issues that sparked the violence. Long after the military defeat of the Lissouba - Kolélas coalition in October 1997, the official dissolution of private militias has not caused young people to disarm, nor has it stopped the ex-«militiamen» spreading a «neo-culture» dramatising a «delinquent» lifestyle.

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Singkawijaya, Elgar Balasa, and Enok Maryani. "INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEW OF PERI-URBAN AREA TO BUILD A GEOGRAPHY LEARNING EXPERIENCE." JURNAL GEOGRAFI Geografi dan Pengajarannya 21, no. 2 (December 18, 2023): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jggp.v21n2.p143-156.

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Interdisciplinary connects disciplines and without changing from other disciplines. Studying peri-urban areas for students requires skills as well as support in learning geography. The purpose of this writing is to review various literature about peri-urban as a form of interdisciplinary analysis learning for students. Literature review is used to identify findings in various literary studies on the scope and topics faced. The results of interdisciplinary studies of peri-urban science of the region are location as well as the dynamics of the use of agricultural land in non-agricultural also the activity of transportation by mobility recycling, demography there is population dynamics in quantity and quality, sociology there is dynamics social life of the community and the economy there is community activity in utilizing resources. The learning experience of the interdisciplinary review is the digestion of the peri-urban area in its spatial visibility as well as the range of its activities and generates a different geographical learning experience.

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Adduci, Nicola. "La Repubblica sociale italiana come problema storiografico: il caso torinese." PASSATO E PRESENTE, no. 78 (October 2009): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pass2009-078006.

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- The Italian Social Republic as a historiographic problem proposes an interpretive key for a broader analysis of the Italian Social Republic (Rsi), from its formation to its collapse. The Party is seen both as the central actor of the Social Republic and the voice of its overall political project, within a prolonged confrontation and clash with the State. The relations of the Pfr with the different actors in the city of Turin are also explored: the urban community, the Church, the industrialists, the Germans and the Resistance. The interpretation reflects a micro-historical methodological approach, and proposes themes hitherto ignored, such as juvenile discontent and the generational break that resulted. The purpose is to propose new research tracks that make it possible to go beyond the local context, redefining some wider in historiographic questions.Key words: Fascist Republican Party, Italian Social Republic, Turin, Generation, Community.Parole chiave: Pfr, Rsi, Torino, generazione, comunitŕ.

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Yulianeta. "The Study of Poetry Anthology “Di Atas Viaduct”: A Portrait of a Changing Urban Society in Bandung, Indonesia." South Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 4, no. 1 (February 2, 2023): 129–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/sajssh.2023.4108.

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Purpose of the study: This research is based on the phenomenon of urban society in which the complexity of urban culture has caused the Indonesia to change. For example, the polluted Cikapundung river, the rarely heard of Sundanese songs, the rice fields turned into settlements, and the large number of prostitutions spread across Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Methodology: This study aims to reveal the portrait of the urban society of Bandung in the poetry anthology. The method used in this study is the sociology of literature carried out with a sociological approach focusing on the analysis of the relationship between literature and humans. Main Findings: Based on the results, the poems show a portrait of urban society in Bandung, namely ecological damage, lifestyle transformation, individualization, prostitution, poverty, social inequality, and spatial segregation. The portrait of urban society is illustrated in the poetry anthology Di Atas Viaduct. Applications of this study: The results of this research can be used as a reflection of people's lives through literary works.Novelty/Originality of this study: Therefore, the results show that the poet’s perspective on the changes in the city of Bandung brought by urban culture.

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Bradley, Quintin. "Urban Confrontations in Literature and Social Science, 1848–2001: European Contexts, American Evolutions." Housing Studies 25, no. 5 (September 2010): 770–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2010.496273.

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Burchardt, Marian. "Salvation as Cultural Distinction: Religion and Neoliberalism in Urban Africa." Cultural Sociology 14, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 160–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975520911877.

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Intervening in debates on religion and social inequalities, this article advocates a shift from concerns with economic ethics to a focus on religious belonging as embodying class-based cultural distinctions. In the first part, I critically review the literature that draws inspiration from Weber’s concept of Protestant inner-worldly asceticism and advance two arguments: Pentecostal orientations toward this-worldly salvation thwart rationalising potentials and feed into magic, or “occult,” economies instead. Simultaneously, however, Pentecostalism promotes personal autonomy by emphasising the possibilities for radical personal change through conversion and becoming “born again.” In the second part, I draw on Bourdieu’s cultural sociology and show that personal autonomy and certain images of Pentecostal modernity are increasingly deployed within practices of cultural distinction between the modern Pentecostal and economically successful and the backward who remain locked in the past. The article is based on ethnographic research among Pentecostals in South Africa as well as a review of the literature on other African societies.

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Cusson, Maurice. "Les zones urbaines criminelles." Criminologie 22, no. 2 (August 16, 2005): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017283ar.

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The study of criminal areas has been a longstanding tradition in sociology and criminology. It had its hour of glory during the publication of the works of Shaw and McKay of the University of Chicago. In this article — which is an account of the studies on the concentration of criminals in urban areas — we show that, since the XIXth century, large metropolises have relatively stable sectors where the social control is weak and opportunities to commit crimes are numerous. Networks of juvenile delinquents and adult criminals develop in these areas, fostering the transmission of criminal solutions. The article contains a description of the process that leads to the emergence of a crime zone. It ends with a critique on ecological studies and by an appeal for the study of conflicts within these criminal networks.

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Molina, Geraldine. "Cities literary factory: The mobilization of literature in urban planning in Europe." Cities 77 (July 2018): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.016.

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Ghaziani, Amin. "People, protest and place: Advancing research on the emplacement of LGBTQ+ urban activisms." Urban Studies 58, no. 7 (February 10, 2021): 1529–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098020986064.

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There is a vibrant literature on LGBTQ+ urban geographies, as well as established traditions in sociology and political science on collective action, but research infrequently brings these interdisciplinary fields of sexualities, social movements and urban studies together to explore the emplacement of LGBTQ+ urban activisms. In this article, I use contributions from this special issue of Urban Studies to propose two pathways, conceptualised as analytic shifts, that can advance the field: (1) scalar shifts (modulating from a national and structural focus of mobilisation to local, grounded and quotidian acts and interactions between activists); and (2) spatial shifts (using conventional and queer methods to study spatial plurality and the commensurability of places where people protest). Together, these proposals form an integrative framework for the study of LGBTQ+ urban protest and placemaking.

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Łupienko, Aleksander. "Local Memory and Urban Space." Acta Poloniae Historica 126 (January 30, 2023): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/aph.2022.126.01.

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The paper ponders over the issue of memory and urban space. It shows how these categories have been discussed in the literature and how they are connected to the problem of place identity. The paper also highlights the need to appreciate and assess the physical aspect of objects, which act as memory markers in the urban space. The author argues that what is being memorialised and conveyed as meaning is the past lived experience. As a case in point, two memory acts are analysed in the paper, clearly showing the interdependence of various temporalities in the anniversary celebrations. In the festivities celebrating the 100th (in 1881) and 150th (in 1931/2) anniversaries of the consecration of the Lutheran church in Warsaw, the capital of the Kingdom of Poland in the Russian partition and later the capital of a resurrected independent Polish state after 1918, the different present-oriented needs were mirrored in the narratives and commemorations of the past. Idiosyncratic visions of the past help make the small and vulnerable community of Lutherans in an otherwise primarily Roman Catholic environment more coherent, as its members may lay claim to history and construct and stabilise their identification process as descendants of past generations. Moreover, the material fabric of the church seems to be an indispensable factor. The parishioners’ lived experience appears to be a crucial component of commemorations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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Meijer, Albert, and Marcel Thaens. "Urban Technological Innovation: Developing and Testing a Sociotechnical Framework for Studying Smart City Projects." Urban Affairs Review 54, no. 2 (September 30, 2016): 363–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087416670274.

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Urban technological innovation—the innovative use of technologies to tackle urban problems—has become increasingly popular under the label smart city. Our understanding of this sociotechnical process is limited, and therefore, this article develops a framework on the basis of the literature on social and technological innovation. This framework identifies four perspectives—a technological, an instrumental, a collaborative, and a symbolic perspective—to generate a comprehensive account of urban technological innovation. The value of the framework is tested by using it to analyze the Living Lab Stratumseind in Eindhoven (the Netherlands). The case highlights the value of the framework and demonstrates the interactions between the social and technological dimensions. The case study suggests that, for successful urban technological innovation, it is crucial to link initial enthusiasm based on technological and symbolic value to the long-term dynamics of institutionalized collaboration and instrumental value.

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