Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Socrate – Et le syllogisme'
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Bergeron, Martin. "Le lien entre l'induction et la définition dans les dialogues socratiques de Platon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/MQ43764.pdf.
Full textSilpa, Fabrice. "Dialogue - logique terministe- révision de bases de connaissances : développement d'un logiciel d'étude et de recherche (L.E.R.)." Antilles-Guyane, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGUY0589.
Full textAuger, Christian. "Socrate et l'éducation morale : contribution à l'étude du Ménon." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44515.
Full textÉmond, Steeve. "La théorie socratique de l'allégorie de la caverne selon "La république" de Platon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33630.pdf.
Full textPagalos, Michael. "Philosophie de la littérature et de l'action : recherches sur le syllogisme pratique et poétique." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0104.
Full textThe dialogue between phenomenologists, causalists and intentionalists attempted here has obeyed a practical finality : to illiminate the structure of human action by eclucidating its intention, its ends, its narration. We have seen that this is not possible but through an holistic analysis. This conclusion has permitted us to enter into the domain of literary theories armed with the anthropologist's/sociologist's instruments for adressing the question, how may we end the permanent alienation of the human person in history (?) how can we escape the tragedy of History (?), as the constitutive question of novel's cosmology. The analyses applied to war and nazism, beginning with R. Musil and Th; Mann, have willed an orientation into this horizon : literary work, far from representing the emergency of "private" or solipsistic experiences, constitues our most penetrating intellectual instrument for analyzing society and history. Facing triumphant "History", with her vicissitudes and blood-stained apocalypses, yhe novelist can appear as the sole thinker of the human
Lucchelli, Juan Pablo. "Lacan avec Platon : le Socrate de Lacan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010526/document.
Full textLacan makes Socrate the historical antecedent of the psychoanalyst. In his seminar about the transfer, he bases on Plato's Symposium to demonstrate how Socrate makes a maneuver worthy of an analyst: when Alcibiade declares his love to him, he send him back to Agathon. Thus, we can say that the "interpretation" of Socrates reveals the true object of Alcibiade's desire, proving to him that it takes three to love: such is the Socratic ethics. But Plato's dialogue is also interesting as it highlights what Lacan calls the "metaphor of love", namely the reversal through which the loved one, which is the center and the object of the other's desire, becomes the lover, expressing a lack and abandoning his comfortable position. Thus, Lacan uses Plato to understand how the psychoanalysis operates: in any analysis worthy of the name is effected a reversal, a permutation of places, which allows the subject to turn to the unconscious, to the desire of the Other. We can say more: there is no unconscious strictly speaking before a change of enunciative places occurs
Lee, Min-Ho. "Socrate dans l'œuvre de kierkegaard : l'examen de la conception kierkegaardienne de Socrate dans la thèse universitaire et l'œuvre pseudonyme de Kierkegaard." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010502.
Full textBergeron, Jean-François. "Nietzsche : majestueux petit silène socratique ou Socrate éducateur de Nietzsche." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27474/27474.pdf.
Full textPinard, Giorgia. "La perception de Socrate dans les études philosophiques en france et en italie de 1900 à 1950." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040160.
Full textUnder the direction of Professor Carlos Lévy (Sorbonne University) and Professor Emidio Spinelli (Rome University) this dissertation provides a critical comparative study of ancient philosophy. It focuses on the perception of Socrates’s work in France and Italy between 1900 and 1950. Rather than limiting the analysis to the unity of opposites, the goal consists of exploring the perpetual, dynamic polarity inherent in the dialogue. Moreover, this study aims at emphasizing the contrast that is fueled by a growing awareness of the underlying differences. Four leitmotive guide the work of eleven Socratic representations: First, La Politique, which is introduced by a paragraph on Socrate et la ville d’Athenes and followed by the works of Léon Robin and George Bastide. Second, Etique, which focuses on the moral value of Socrates’ discourse and which is developed by Antionio Banfi, Jean Patocka and Piero Martinetti. Third, Religion, which deals with the issue of his “gospel before the written word,” discussed by Jean André Festugière, Michele Federico Sciacca, Ernesto Buonaiuti etCarlo Mazzantini. And last, Dialegesthai, because its way of communicating becomes fundamental in the works of Guido Calogero and Giuseppe Rensi
Bolard, Vincent. "L' équité dans la réalisation méthodique du droit privé : principes pour un exercice rationnel et légitime du pouvoir de juger." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010259.
Full textMosaffa, Mohammadmehdi. "La connaissance de soi, dans la perspective de Socrate." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010540.
Full textEntitled “Self-khowledge, from the perspective of Socrates” this thesis intends to examine fundamental characteristics of the Socrates’ authentic approach to self-knowledge, and the utmost importance of it. Implementation of human life, as it deserves to be lived, in the Socratic sense of the word, is the essential purpose of this philosophical and spiritual commitment, which aims at giving back to the human being the ontological identity, of his own by essence. Therefore, Socrates always invited his interlocutors, and still now invites his readers, to search for this concrete identification, and to use their intellect in order to discover the most divine part of their soul. The self-knowledge problem in the Socrates’ perspective is questioned here, for it precisely comes from the soul knowledge, considered as the genuine one-self, bearing in it the heavenly imprint. Therefore, “to know one-self“ aims at contemplating the divine part of our one-self, which leads the man to his excellence, as such he is destined to become. The subjective aspect of this rational enterprise gives a guarantee of total independence to the individual seeking his one-self. It also allows him to acquire the knowledge that lies in him according to the “reminiscence theory, “hence the necessity for him is to take great care of this essential task of a human life, in order to give it a real human significance. To know what is intelligible, being an integral part of his research, “He who awakened the mind“developed in a wonderful manner essential tools of his practical philosophy which are: dialectics, refutation, maieutic, as supported by his Love, intending to let his fellow-men to get out of their “cave“ of ignorance, by inducing them to head for the intelligible world. It does not mean to seek an ideal with the hope to look like it, which unquestionably puts at risk the individual’s freedom, but to find out one’s own fulfilment in the most possible concrete and perfect way as an excellently accomplished human being. In this very context, self-knowledge, such as Socrates meant it, will be considered as the pre-eminent model of this accomplishment
Van, Nuffelen Peter. "Un héritage de paix et de piété : étude sur les histoires ecclésiastiques de Socrate et de Sozomène /." Leuven ; Paris ; Dudley : Uitgeverij Peters and Departement Oosterse studies, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40026843t.
Full textQi, Zhaoyuan. "Le socratisme en Chine et la recherche comparative entre la philosophie morale de Socrate et celle de Confucius." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0011.
Full textThis thesis aims to be interested in the following two questions : the socratism in China since the twentieth century and the comparison between the moral philosophy of Socrates and that of Confucius. We begin the research at first in presenting laconically the sino-occidental exchanges, of which the socratism forms a part. In the following chapters of Part One, we systematically study the four aspects of the problem from a historical perspective : introduction, translation, reception and influence, among which the last one plays a primordial role. Subsequently, we make a comparative research on the moral philosophies of the two masters, in particular the key concepts of their doctrines : the Good and the ren. After presenting the historical contexts where the socratism and the confucianism have been established, we explore in depth the essence and the starting point of their moral philosophy as well as the way toward achievement of the humanity. Based on ouranalyses, we can deduce that the humanity and the virtue are what Socrates and Confucius endeavoured to pursue throughout their lives
Marier, Martin. "Le Dieu de Platon : essai sur le Daimon-Socrate comme paradigme de la rationalité platonicienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28855/28855.pdf.
Full textJournot, Magalie. "Un théâtre socratique ? Essai d'interprétation de la figure de Socrate dans le théâtre occidental moderne : des sources au mythe." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC003/document.
Full textSurely because he wrote nothing, Socrates is much written about. Immediately after his death in 399 B.C., a death felt as a tragic injustice, his pupils wrote dialogues to keep him alive. The so called "Socratic dialogues" were so flourishing that it makes Socrates go down in the world of litterary and philosophical muths. Modernity is however the time in which blossomed the lyths of Socrates, a secular saint, rival of Christ, herald of a morality called to do without God and priests, embodying the ideas of justice and freedom to the sacrifice. Theater is one of the favourite places, if no the perfect but difficult place where this myth is expressed. Heir of the socratic dialogues, the plays try out to philosophize on stage till finding the socratic inspiration which, trough the art of dialogue, invites each one to find himself
Lucciano, Mélanie. "Paene Socratico genere : figures de Socrate dans la littérature et la philosophie à Rome de Plaute à Sénèque." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040071.
Full textWhen, in 343 B.C., the Romans paid tribute to wisdom, they built a statue of Pythagoras. Why was not Socrates chosen instead ? Pliny the Elder wonders. This interrogation reflects the progressive integration of the figure of the Athenian philosopher in Rome, from the second century B.C. until the work of Seneca which internalises the Socratic teaching model.At first, the exhaustive corpus of the occurrences of Socrates is gathered in a diachronic perspective. The passages are contextualized in the entire work, its genre and the purposes of every author. The Greek sources are, when possible, identified : the presence of Socrates serves then as a marker for the reading of the texts of Plato, Xenophon, but also other Socratics like Aeschines.Secondly, the texts are studied according to chronological and thematic groupings : a double reception of Socrates is then defined, between praise and contempt, which articulates around his greatness, his founding role for the Hellenistic philosophic schools, his courageous death and, on the contrary, his denunciation of rhetoric or the fact that Socratics’ theories are useless to fight against passions. The philosophic lifestyle embodied by Socrates sometimes contrasts with the one defined by the mos maiorum, or by the elegiac poets. Various interpretations of Socrates come to light, as an ancestor of Cynicism and Stoicism, as a sceptic or a transcendentalist, paving the way for a cultural transfer of the Greek philosophical works but also of their exegeses. Whether it be in an historiographic, philosophic or literary perspective, Socrates gradually becomes an exemplum, a model of life
Delacenserie, Emerance. "L’histoire ecclésiastique de Socrate de Constantinople : banque de données et autorité historiographiques pour la création d’œuvres originales au VIè. s. (Théodore le Lecteur, Cassiodore, la première version arménienne." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0007.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis examines the reception of the Church History of Socrates of Constantinople in three late-antique historiographical texts: the Tripartite History (TH) of Theodorus Lector, composed in Greek in 518, the Tripartite History (TH) of Cassiodorus, written in Latin in the first half of the sixth century, and the first Armenian version of Socrates (the so-called « Great Socrates », 6th-7th c.). The works of Theodorus and Cassiodorus are traditionally considered to be mere compilations whereas the Great Socrates was considered a mere translation. The core research question of this thesis is a double one: how and why did these late-antique authors use the Church History of Socrates of Constantinople? In order to answer these questions, I examine the role of Socrates’ work in each of the three historiographical texts under examination in view of the function that each of these new texts fulfilled in their own context. Notwithstanding the differences between a “compilation” and a “translation”, or the clear differences between the HT of Cassiodorus and Theodore, each of our three witnesses has deconstructed the Ecclesiastical History of Socrates, divided it up in separate notices and pieces, then re-arranged the material to reconstruct it according to his own methodological and historiographical criteria. Socrates is above all a source of information for church history, used by all three witnesses with the aim of creating their own, original narrative of the same events. The validity of their narrative does not derive from a respect for the historiographical significance of the work of Socrates but on the authority evoked by his very name
Déziel, Stéphanie. "Formation de l'esprit critique et société de consommation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27820/27820.pdf.
Full textSavard, Dave. "L'art de la citoyenneté : le Protagoras de Platon et la question de l'enseignement de la vertu." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/63514.
Full textÉmond, Steeve. "La définition socratico-platonicienne du "philosophe"." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44427.
Full textUto, Akiko. "La laideur et la difformité physiques dans la littérature et la société grecques des cinquième et quatrième siècles avant Jésus-Christ." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040111.
Full textThe ancient Greek world passed on to us the image of a civilization filled with beauty through its artistic works, this image being strengthened by the richness and quality of its literary productions. The quest for supreme beauty reached its peak during the classical period, and in this context where everything seems to tend towards this ideal, physical ugliness is not something we generally equate with Greek thought; a few ugly or deformed Greek characters of whom we can think, Thersite, Socrates or Hephæstus, are so isolated that they seem to be the exception rather than the rule. Thus, this image is clearly incorrect since sickness, deformity, and other kinds of ugliness were natural parts of their lives. This little investigated subject is full of interest to us. In our efforts to seize what the Greeks themselves failed to express, we covered every relevent aspect possible by using all the texts of the classical period, not leaving the iconography behind, which is indispensable for a study on aesthetics
Ortega, Manez Maria. "Mimèsis en jeu. Une analyse de la relation entre théâtre et philosophie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040170.
Full textTheatre and philosophy present diverse modes of interaction throughout their history. In order to interrogate their relationship, this investigation will focus on the analysis of the quarrel which, in the fifth century B.C. in Greece, opposes two of their representatives, Aristophanes and Plato. An analysis of the works that launch their respective attacks will enable us to reveal the stakes of this confrontation, as well as to evaluate their impact. From this perspective, the notion of mimèsis appears at stake but also « at play » – hence, it is en jeu: term of theatrical origins which essentially contains the meaning of the actor’s « play », mimèsis comprises not only the central argument of Plato’s critique of poetry, but furthermore, the articulation point between the two worlds of his ontology. The second part of our research is dedicated to the study of Plato’s elaboration of this concept in the Republic. This synthesis is also operated on a literal level by the dialogue as a writing form at a crossroads between philosophy and theatre, which we will approach through the examination of Plato’s dialogues from this double point of view. Taken together the different elements of our analysis reveal that, at the heart of their opposition, lies a deep bound whose contradictory nature has not ceased to manifest itself in the philosophical problem and the theatrical paradigm of representation
Ouellette, Patrick. "Socratisme et démocratie athénienne : un rapport de désengagement." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11578.
Full textFinocchio, Erika. "Xénophon et Athènes." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100182.
Full textThe following study aims to analyse Xenophon’s attitude to Athens and democracy. By recounting the events of Athenian history as they are related in Hellenica and as the author experienced them, the work aims to demonstrate: - that Xenophon does not condemn democracy as an unfair form of politics, even though he does not agree with the political decisions made by Athens during the 5th century B.C. - that, due to the lessons it learnt from its defeat in the 5th century B.C., Athens is the only city capable, in the eyes of the author, of resolving the conflict between Greeks and bringing peace to Greece in the 4th century B.C. - that Xenophon would like to improve democracy, not through structural reforms but through a reform of political thinking based on the Socratic model
Demanche, Diane. "Provocation et vérité. Forme et sens des paradoxes stoïciens dans la poésie latine, chez Lucilius, Horace, Lucain et Perse." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040079.
Full textThe presence of Stoic paradoxes in the works of poets whose links with the Stoa are complex reveals the particular status of these incongruous formulas in Roman thought. After studying the origins of paradox and its transformations during the development of the Greek philosophical schools, the thesis considers the particularity of Stoic paradox and its adaptation to the Roman world. Unexpectedly, the Stoics do not sign away these disconcerting assertions. By their rhetorical effectiveness, and despite the hostility they also arouse, paradoxes appear in texts which do not belong to the Stoa. Their adaptation in poetic works – satires of Lucilius, Horace and Persius, epodes, odes and epistles of Horace, and Lucanian epic - could make us consider that they are perverted and diverted from their first aim. Indeed, the purpose of these poets is not at all to have the reader adhere to the uncompromising perfection outlined by the Stoic paradoxes. But the link between the paradoxes we find in this poetic corpus and their Stoic origin is actually much more intimate. By different ways, each poet takes up the main of the Stoic paradoxical approach : it consists in waking up the minds, and showing the radical novelty of the truth which one wants to reveal, making sure, at the same time, that the reader can join it. Lucilius’ virulence, Horace’s intimacy, Lucan’s daze and Persius’ abstruse language constitute the different but converging ways by which one subtly undertakes to shock in order to convert
Hirsch, Gérard. "Équations de relation floue et mesures d'incertain en reconnaissance de formes." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10030.
Full textCastelnérac, Benoît. "La théorie platonicienne de l'éducation : les rapports de l'opinion et du savoir dans la constitution d'une paideia philosophique." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010535.
Full textDavieau, Nicolas. "Le corps des philosophes : traditions biographiques et construction de la personne du philosophe chez Diogène Laërce." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010629.
Full textBased on an analysis of the biographical traditions compiled and preserved by Diogenes Laertius, this thesis assesses the significance of anecdotes depicting the body of philosophers in the development of the figure of an ideal philosopher and in these philosopher’ building of their own persona. Whilst ancient philosophers are primarly known to us through texts and doctrinal systems, the insights into their bodily pratcices and their reflections on the subject – diet, physical activity, clothing health – which are reported in ancient biographical testimonies are also worth investigating. This study examines the extent to which and the different ways in which the body can be ssen as the field of practice for the theories and for the philosopher’s relationship to their own mortal body (disease, old age and death). The investigation also provides a pragmatic reading of the work of Diogene Laertius, considered as an author and not merely as a compiler
Mallet, Joan. "La question de la theía moîra chez Platon." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30029.
Full textSurprisingly, scholars have always paid a relatively limited attention to Plato’s theía moîra - an academic silence which proved damaging to its exegetical analysis. Notwithstanding the contributions of German (Zeller), French (Souihlé, Des Places) or British and American (Berry, Greene) specialists, who all tried to interpret the theía moîra, these attempts failed to offer a satisfactory analysis of Plato’s θεία μοῖρα. Though Plato refers to the theía moîra many times in his work, it is extremely difficult to either precisely define or to supply a definitive translation of the theía moîra. Nor can one easily make it fit into any preconceived thematic field.This disparity, as surprising as it may seem, nevertheless poses a certain number of problems. Our work aims to provide an interpretative framework for the theía moîra revolving around two main axes. First, we will demonstrate the limits of the existing body of scholarly work by pointing out the over-simplification of the theía moîra inherent to those studies (particularly the skeptical, ironic, taxonomic, genetic and anachronistic approaches). Second, so as to understand the complexity of the meaning of the theía moîra, our work intends to establish a methodology built upon pivotal aspects and meanings (sophistic, Socratic, ecstatic, technical, epistemological and political). More precisely, the ambition of this work is to show that these pivotal aspects and meanings are very often guided by a triple principle of formulation, neglect and rediscovery and that this triple principle serves to provide an answer to the multiplicity of questions and difficulties which readers are accustomed to meet in Plato’s work
Angot, Jean-Baptiste. "Médecine et philosophie : une éthique médicale est-elle possible aujourd'hui ?" Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M082.
Full textBoutros, Jean-Charles. "La philosophie vive plutôt que la philosophie à vif : Socrate aux périls de Marsyas : recherches sur les modes d'influence chez Platon, précédées d'une étude générale sur la magie et la pensée magique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010717/document.
Full textTo explain the modes of influence operating in Plato’s Dialogues, we study how Socrates and others use their magic as several interlocutors have called Socrates a sorcerer. A framework is given to our research with a preliminary general study about magic covering anthropology, rituals – pathological (obsessive-compulsive disorders) or cultural – and magical thought. In Plato’s works, the way people think is influenced by many factors often unknowingly: personality, habits, society, ethics, ignorance, etc. Since it had been analyzed by Gorgias, speech experts, such as orators or sophists, have been using oratorical magic in their performances. And then the ambiguity of Socrates’ magic blatantly appears whereas he claims to refute falsehood and eliminate illusions. Different types of possession occur in Phaedrus, some uncontrolled, other controlled, entailing an initiation. Socrates carries out his magic in several striking cases of bewitchment and he also uses incantations in particular to sooth the fear of death. In the political field, the lawgiver finds an interest in using incantations for more effectiveness in his task since they can shape the forms of behaviors, create strong bond between citizens and contribute to social control. A law about crimes of magic is also designed
Kromicheff, Emmanuel. "La sagesse socratique ou l'exercice de la raison : étude sur les dialogues socratiques de Platon." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL008.
Full textLabadie, Mathieu. "Xénophon et la divination." Thèse, Caen, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11653.
Full textThis thesis aims to provide a complete overview of the beliefs of Xenophon about divination. Using a rigorous analysis of all the works of this ancient author who has long been depreciated, it seems clear that the problem of the consultation of the gods, far from being addressed incidentally and spontaneously like a traditional legacy that critical thinking has not reached, is on the contrary an essential element in the formation of a deep thinking on piety, and more generally of the relationships between men and gods. On the other hand, due to Xenophon’s zeal to have reported stories or thoughts about divination, this analysis provides an opportunity to a better understanding of the intricacies of this ritual lying at the core of Greek religion and that can not be reduced to a form of superstition.
Laplace, Marcelle. "Recherches sur le roman d'Achilleus Tatios, Leucippe et Clitophon." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100101.
Full textI have first examined the literary and rhetoric tradition of this fiction, which as a whole is a traveler’s tale, told by the traveler himself. I have then studied Clitophon's tale, the very image of platonic fictions. The androgyn's tale explains the whole structure of Clitophon's story, the way Clitophon's and Leucippus’s adventures happen, the part played by the people who are mixed in the story, and also the short summary of Callisthenes' and Calligone's love-story. But Achilles Tatius is also influenced by Diotima's way, in the banquet, of reinterpreting the androgyny’s parabola, so as to define poetry and love, and by Socrates’ manner, in Phaedrus, of practicing this teaching, worthy of "perfect sophists" and he represents the initiatic way which leads Clitophon to the happiness of love, as well as to Byzantium where he marries Leucippus, and to the art of speech, by which he becomes, in Sidon, a narrator inspired by this divine experience. This moral and esthetic education has two degrees. Obeying love's voice, Clitophon, thanks to Melite, gets to know the mysteries of love. The divine character of this mysteries, publicly questioned by Thersander, is then recognized by god's judgment, before Clitophon's tale is a panegyric speech, which annihilates Isocrates' opposition between futile speeches pronounced "against the deposit" or "on private contracts" and the noble eloquence, which occupies itself with education and politics
Debié, Muriel. "Ordonner les temps : étude de l'historiographie de langue syriaque et de ses rapports avec l'historiographie grecque du Ve au IXe siècle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040026.
Full textBergele, Argyro. "La Francocratie enseignée, une longue période d'histoire méprisée à enrichir : les manuels scolaires d'histoire (de 1974 à nos jours) de l'enseignement primaire et secondaire en Gréce et les manuscrits de Nicolas Politis." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30023.
Full textAbstractThis dessertation aims to investigate whether specific periods of time, such as the Franco-occupation in this case, constitute a subject of knowledge incomplete and marginalized.Having been in contact for many years as a teacher of history teaching and studying the curricula, i found that the information and knowledge transferred to the students for the period of Frankish rule in Greece(12th-14th century B.C) is insufficient for the essential knowledge of an important historical period for Greece.Although it has brought many changes to the pre-existing system of structure and functioning of society and it has also brought Greece into contact with the Western world, it did not receive substantial recognition and study from the Greek educational system. After studying the nine school manuals in history in primary and secondary education from 1974 to today, it was found that the reference to the period of Frankish domination is incomplete. The last part of the thesis includes the following proposition: The contents of the school history books may be enriched with the elements of folklore found in the archives at the Greek folklore center of the Greek founder of folklore,Nikolas Politis.Key words: History,Frankish period,historical manuals, folklore tradition,manuscript file
Kim, Iouseok. "Les attitudes émotionnelles des interlocuteurs dans les premiers dialogues de Platon." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010604.
Full textBentouhami, Hourya. "Le dépôt des armes : la non-violence et la désobéissance civile comme déconstruction et reconstruction politique." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070069.
Full textBecause of the sacrifice and suffering notions they involve, non-violence and civil disobedience are often viewed either as a demonstration of passivity or a delayed action verging on powerlessness; or, conversely, as an heroic exercise of consciousness, demonstrating both an extraordinary willingness and a prophetic vision. Two conflictive interpretations, then, that lead to regard non-violence and civil disobedience, respectively, as an ethical defeat and a moral exceptionalism. This dual account meant their political disqualification which we find some signs of in the reluctance political philosophy shows in turning itself into a philosophy of occasion, despite its distinction from a philosophy of opportunity. But, in fact, non-violent résistance and civil disobedience rely more on the production of a breach, almost invisible (as sabotage does or as the night dust spreading of Antigone points out), than on the dismissal of a tyrant, like in the medieval theories of tyrannicide, or the extraordinary assault, justifîed by the classical theories of the right of résistance to oppression. Stepping out from the philosophy of tragic or enlightened, avant-garde models-bf consciousness, those practices can be dealt with within an ethics of defeat (distinct from of an ethical defeat). And far from being reduced to its military or pacifist logic, the principle of that ethics would aim, through the delaying of power governing and sovereignty, at the renewal of a politics of vulnerable bodies; renewal that doesn't turn out to be a contra-mundum dream invention, but the care about the political as community
Colrat, Paul. "Le mythe du philosophe-roi : savoir, pouvoir et salut dans la philosophie politique de Platonε." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC005.
Full textThe question of the philosophers’ reign can only be understood at the cost of a detour through the margins of classical politics. First of all, I have shown that these margins have historically been defined by a discourse focusing on the relationship between kingdom, knowledge and salvation (chapter 1). I have then shown that the notion of kingdom itself, when it is attributed to philosophers, positions itself in the margins of the notion of basilein, while actively subverting its classical meaning (chapter 2). The discourse about the philosophers’ reign must therefore be understood as an attempt coming from the margins of politics to use the traditional relation between the muthos and political unification, in order to subvert it, namely, to depose it. This required me to explore the way in which the philosopher can simultaneously be in the margins of politics and at the very foundation of politics (chapter 4). The philosopher’s position in the city is doubly marginal: first, he is not subject to the imperative to be useful to the city (chapter 5), and secondly, he is not subject to the imperative to ground knowledge in experience (chapter 6). Finally, I have set out to show that the philosophers’ reign inscribes itself within a quest for the city’s salvation, a theme that is itself marginal in Plato studies, and deserves more attention than it has hitherto received (chapter 7)
Salles, Sylvie. "Le conséquentialisme dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD035.
Full textGiven the « abstract » nature of the judicial review, the Constitutional Council is not supposed to take an interest in the consequences of its decision when choosing a solution. In the traditional conception, the judge uses a syllogism to compare the law and the Constitution: the review is therefore “pure” of any extrajudicial consideration. Yet the study shows that the “consequentialism” – in the sense of a ruling based on the consequences rather than on the founding principles underpinning a decision – can be found in every aspect of the case law. The constitutional judges take into account the political, economic, social and institutional consequences of their decisions, particularly in order to prevent negative effects on rights and liberties. The publication of the deliberations of the Council decided in 2009 confirms that the “consequentialist reaction” has existed since the creation of the institution. In 2010, the coming into force of priority preliminary rulings on the issue of constitutionality (QPC –questions prioritaires de constitutionalité) has strengthen and made commonplace the consequentialist analysis, which has become more precise and more technical. By taking into account the future, the constitutional judge contributes to the adaptation of the review to the needs of the law, whether one is talking about dealing with the effects in time of a constitutional invalidity or integrating the new systems linkages. From then on, this study shows the unavoidable nature of constitutional consequentialism in the judicial review, though the notion stays inevitably incomplete
Papadaki, Marilena. "Nicolas Politis (1872-1942) : la science au service de la construction d'une société internationale entre ordre et liberté." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0085.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the life of Nicolas Politis, an international liberal jurist of Greek origin but of French expression, born in the late 19th century. Almost unknown to the Greek and French historiography, he played a major role in the socio-political scene of his time not only as a French academic, theorist and expert but also as a Greek diplomat, politician and an international arbiter and lawyer. In doing so, he intervened at three levels of action, that of France, Greece and new international institutions in The Hague, Paris and Geneva. Originating from a well-known family of scientists on the island of Corfu. Nicolas Politis managed to be at the center of an international elite committed to reorganizing international relations, in the years following the First World War. The thesis examines the way his internationalist discourse and his political career were constructed in terms of his genius, and his strategy to approach the socio-political situation of his time. It provides valuable information on his personal life and his career as a scientist through a presentation of the events of the period he lived in, as well as, an analysis of the evolution of his thinking and doctrine which combined his Greek patriotism, his political liberalism and his internationalism. In this study, political history, intellectual history, history of institutions, history and philosophy of international law are in a constant interaction
Lachance, Geneviève. "La conception platonicienne de la contradiction." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040023.
Full textThis thesis examines the notion of contradiction understood in its logical or formal sense. Specifically, it seeks to study that notion in a philosopher who, chronologically speaking, precedes the advent of syllogistic or logic: Plato. Based on an analysis of Plato’s refutative dialogues, this thesis will determine the form given by Plato to contradictory propositions, unveil the terminology and metaphors used by Plato to name and describe contradictions and evaluate the context in which Plato reflected upon contradiction. The analysis will reveal that Plato had a very clear idea of what is a logical contradiction and that he even had an influence on Aristotle when the latter defined his famous principle of non-contradiction
Auger, Christian. "Socrate et l'éducation morale : contribution à l'étude du Ménon /." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=766731271&sid=21&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textDiotte, Etienne. "Nietzsche et le problème de Socrate." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10378.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate Nietzsche’s analysis and assessment of the meaning and the impact of Socrates’ character on the classical and modern culture. To that effect, I will emphasize the question of Socrates’ identity, in order to introduce the crucial issue in Nietzsche’s analysis, namely the distinction between Socrates’ doctrine and his character. Nietzsche isolated Socrates’ character – which he defined through the categories of instinct, drive, and affect – from his doctrine, which he labelled socratism and defined through the Socratic equation reason = virtue = happiness. This thesis explores the three core elements Nietzsche used to explain how Socrates was able to seduce the Greeks: not only was Socrates a very erotic figure, he also introduced a new form of debate to Athens, and was considered an eminent physician by his contemporaries. Socrates’ appeal to the Greek is of fundamental importance to Nietzsche, since it prompted him to question Socrates’ inherent character, and his true impact on Athenian culture. It thus forms the crux of what he called “the problem of Socrates.” Nietzsche’s understanding of socratism as well as its impact on classical and modern culture allows him to revaluate all values within his own culture. To that effect, I reveal Nietzsche’s critiques of socratism – in particular, his belief that society needed to be liberated from socratism, since it denies all agency to individuals. Given that it was strongly motivated by the unconscious, socratism, according to Nietzsche, overemphasizes a certain morality in the struggle against our dominant impulses.
Lachance, Christian. "Socrate et Krishnamurti, pour ne pas perdre la Raison." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10244.
Full textImportant figures in the history of thought includes Socrates and Krishnamurti. The former was proclaimed the "father" of western philosophy while the latter was regarded as one of the five great "saints" of the 20th century by the prestigious journal Time. This case focuses on tne connections it is possible to show between these two thinkers regarded by posterity as "unclassifiable". Which brings them together with at the outset however, it is clear concern for the universal theme of self-knowledge. It is therefore on this shading that we have approached the studies of the similarities between them. They appear especially in their unwavering commitment to the search of truth with respect to the principles of virtue. We tried to establish a number of facts which demonstrate that their speeches were in substance on the merits of the reflection for a human to understand that he had any interest to concern itself with the relationship he has with his thinking to better understand itself.
Georgiou, Angelos. "Socrate et la conciliation ergon-logos dans les Mémorables de Xénophon." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18786.
Full textThis thesis offers a thematic commentary of Xenophon’s Memorabilia following the ergon-logos conciliation. Surveying, regrouping and analyzing the many and varied occurrences of this theme reveals the extent to which it is deeply rooted in Xenophon’s Socratic philosophy. The first chapter considers the role Xenophon ascribes to this theme in the general intention that governs the Memorabilia – which focuses on Socrates’ usefulness as an apologetic device –, and reveals a greater philosophical question about the limits of logos, which in reality reinforces the philosophical interest and importance of the ergon-logos conciliation. The second chapter examines just how significant the ergon-logos conciliation is in Xenophon’s Socratic morality, not only because Socrates himself is, in word and deed, the ideal incarnation of virtue, but also because Xenophon’s moral conception is both intellectualistic and ascetic, which advocates learning and knowledge, as well as self-control, exercise, mentorship, and the virtue of example. The third chapter investigates the role the ergon-logos conciliation plays as a condition to friendship, in turn as its ethical foundation and as a means to acquire friends. Finally, the fourth and last chapter uses the notion of imposture to illustrate that Xenophon’s Socratic morality also stretches to the technical field.
Mousseau, Fanie. "Elenchos et poésie : l'effet esthétique de Socrate dans le "Charmide" de Platon." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5974.
Full textPlato's Charmides is part of what we refer to as the «early dialogues», and we find in these dialogues a major feature of Socrates's philosophy, mainly refutation. However, while these refutations don't have any effects on the young Charmides, he still reacts to Socrates's refutation of Critias. We wonder how this indirect refutation produces such a reaction on Charmides. We look at how refutation represents here a purgative treatment not by using contradictory propositions, but with the use of a certain dialectic of the image, the ones of Critias and Socrates facing Charmides. Examining this dialectic, which refers to the study of the mimetic dimension that the young boy maintains with the two men, we wish to reflect on how the indirect refutation of Charmides draws the outline of Socrates's possible poetical activity. This poetry resists to the critics made later in the Republic pertaining to the use of images relating to certain models of virtue, by showing the motion of thought, and hence guiding Charmides in his own intellectual motion. By reflecting on the «poetical refutation» we find in Plato's Charmides, this thesis explores the possibility of linking what seems to ground Socrates's intellectualism in the early dialogues to the poetry that is rejected par Socrates in the Republic, besides the one that pertains to the «defense of good men».
Hains, Marylène. "Éducation politique des jeunes Athéniens prodiguée par les Socrate de Platon et de Xénophon." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16541.
Full textBoustany, Badih. "L'articulation entre le rapport de Socrate aux dieux et son rapport à la raison : le cas du signe divin." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3463.
Full textTo very few philosophers the history of the Western thought granted a place as significant as to Socrates: we quite naturally learn how to identify him as a hero of rationality and to recognize in him the very figure of the critical philosopher. In several respects, this representation of praise appears justified to us, although, from another point of view, it can make us sink in confusion, since our glance carries simultaneously, and like producing a contrast, on the image of Socrates obeying to the daimonion, his uncanny divine sign. How can we justify, starting from the Platonic corpus, both the engagement of Socrates with respect to rationality and his subordination to a seemingly irrational phenomenon? From this disconcerting question was born the present study which is thus devoted to the problem of the articulation between the relation of Socrates to the gods and his relation to the critical reason. More precisely, we sought to determine if there existed, on the epistemological level, a hierarchy between the daimonion and the method of rational investigation peculiar to Socrates, the elenchos. Such an exegetic study required, initially, a systematic and thorough analysis of the few passages related to the divine sign. We then adduced two paradigmatic solutions, that of G. Vlastos as well as that of T.C. Brickhouse and N.D. Smith. Lastly, we added to this second part besides a specific examination of Phaedrus and Timaeus, also a broad survey of the modes of divination, satisfying a triple aim: to make sense of the divine sign in comparison with the traditional art of mantic, to determine the role allotted by Plato to the reason in the divinatory process, and thus to be able to solve our principal question.
Castelnérac, Benoît. "La théorie platonicienne de l'éducation : les rapports de l'opinion et du savoir dans la constitution d'une paideia philosophique." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14277.
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