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Journal articles on the topic 'Sodium carbonate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Coppola, Luigi, Denny Coffetti, Elena Crotti, Raffaella Dell’Aversano, Gabriele Gazzaniga, and Tommaso Pastore. "Influence of Lithium Carbonate and Sodium Carbonate on Physical and Elastic Properties and on Carbonation Resistance of Calcium Sulphoaluminate-Based Mortars." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010176.

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In this study, three different hardening accelerating admixtures (sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate and a blend of sodium and lithium carbonates) were employed to prepare calcium sulphoaluminate cement-based mortars. The workability, setting times, entrapped air, elasto-mechanical properties such as compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity, free shrinkage, water absorption and carbonation rate were measured and mercury intrusion porosimetry were also performed. Experimental results show that a mixture of lithium carbonate and sodium carbonate acts as a hardening accelerating ad

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2

Pouhet, Raphaëlle, and Martin Cyr. "Studies of Natural and Accelerated Carbonation in Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer." Advances in Science and Technology 92 (October 2014): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.92.38.

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The carbonation of Portland-cement-based materials involves the reaction between atmospheric CO2 and calcium ions in the pore solution. The formation of calcium carbonate is responsible for a decrease in the pH of the pore solution from 12.5 to 9, thus leading to the depassivation of steel reinforcements and their possible corrosion, and can also lead to efflorescence (white crystals formed on the surface). In metakaolin-based geopolymer activated by sodium silicate, in which calcium is almost non-existent, the presence of CO2 will lead to the formation of sodium carbonates. Since geopolymer c

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3

Алиев, А. Р., И. Р. Ахмедов, М. Г. Какагасанов та З. А. Алиев. "Колебательные спектры ионно-молекулярных кристаллов карбонатов в предпереходной области вблизи структурных фазовых переходов". Журнал технической физики 127, № 9 (2019): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2019.09.48196.104-19.

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Molecular relaxation processes in lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) were studied by Raman spectroscopy. It has been established that in crystalline carbonates Li2CO3, Na2CO3 and K2CO3, the structural phase transition of the first kind is stretched (diffuse phase transition). The existence of the pretransition region in the studied carbonates Li2CO3, Na2CO3 and K2CO3 was found.

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4

Marinos, Danai, Dimitrios Kotsanis, Alexandra Alexandri, Efthymios Balomenos, and Dimitrios Panias. "Carbonation of Sodium Aluminate/Sodium Carbonate Solutions for Precipitation of Alumina Hydrates—Avoiding Dawsonite Formation." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070836.

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Experimental work has been performed to investigate the precipitation mechanism of aluminum hydroxide phases from sodium aluminate/sodium carbonate pregnant solutions by carbon dioxide gas purging. Such solutions result from leaching calcium aluminate slags with sodium carbonate solutions, in accordance with the Pedersen process, which is an alternative process for alumina production. The concentration of carbonate ions in the pregnant solution is revealed as a key factor in controlling the nature of the precipitating phase. Synthetic aluminate solutions of varying sodium carbonate concentrati

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5

Marinos, Danai, Dimitris Kotsanis, Alexandra Alexandri, Efthymios Balomenos, and Dimitris Panias. "Carbonation of Sodium Aluminate/Sodium Carbonate Solutions for Precipitation of Alumina Hydrates—Avoiding Dawsonite Formation." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 836. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070836.

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Experimental work has been performed to investigate the precipitation mechanism of aluminum hydroxide phases from sodium aluminate/sodium carbonate pregnant solutions by carbon dioxide gas purging. Such solutions result from leaching calcium aluminate slags with sodium carbonate solutions, in accordance with the Pedersen process, which is an alternative process for alumina production. The concentration of carbonate ions in the pregnant solution is revealed as a key factor in controlling the nature of the precipitating phase. Synthetic aluminate solutions of varying sodium carbonate concentrati

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6

Santos, Olivia de Souza Heleno, Wendy Tian, Kwong Ming Tse, and Ya Li Li. "Calcium Alginate-Glycerol Gel as an Organic Matrix to Induce the Mineralisation and Growth of Calcium Carbonate as a New Eco-Friendly Binder Composite." Solid State Phenomena 367 (December 19, 2024): 49–60. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ir8iui.

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Natural carbonated composites are formed by calcium carbonate crystals embedded within an organic matrix that the living organism excretes. In this study, a solvent made with sodium alginate, glycerol and sodium hydroxide was used to promote the mineralisation of biomimetic calcium carbonate. Carbon dioxide was captured and stored as a carbonate binder composite, and the cementitious mechanism toward sand particles was revealed. The binder composite comprises amorphous calcium carbonate, calcium alginate-glycerol gel and calcite. Organic additives were crucial to promote the mineralisation of

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7

Dusek, Michal, Gervais Chapuis, Mathias Meyer, and Vaclav Petricek. "Sodium carbonate revisited." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 59, no. 3 (2003): 337–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768103009017.

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We present the structure of anhydrous sodium carbonate at room temperature (phase γ) and 110 K (phase δ) based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The incommensurate phase γ was determined almost 30 years ago in the harmonic approximation using one modulation wave and first-order satellites. In our work we use satellites up to fifth order and additional harmonic waves to model the anharmonic features of the structure. The commensurate phase δ is presented for the first time. Using the superspace approach, both phases are compared in order to find common trends in the whole range of the s

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8

Young, Jay A. "Sodium Carbonate (anhydrous)." Journal of Chemical Education 79, no. 11 (2002): 1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed079p1315.

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9

Young, Jay A. "Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate." Journal of Chemical Education 80, no. 11 (2003): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed080p1250.

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10

(MRS)V., J. APARAJIT, and G. PARANJPE M. "New s-Triazines : Synthesis of 2-Mercapto-t-butyl-3-tbutyl-4-phenylimino-5-aryl/alkyl-6-thiotetrahydro- and 2-Phenylimino-3-t-butyl-4-phenylimino-5-aryl/alkyl-6-thiohexahydro-1 ,3,5-triazines." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 70, Oct 1993 (1993): 819–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5929841.

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Department of Chemistry, Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur-440 010 <em>Manuscript received 26 September 1991, revised 6 January 1993, accepted 29 March 1993</em> SeveraI 2-mercapto-t-butyl-3-t-butyl-4-phenylim ino-5-a ryl/alkyl-6-thio-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazines have been pepared by the interaction of 1-t-butyl-2-S-t-butyl-5-aryl/alkyl-2,4-isodithiobiurets with phenylisocyanodichloride leading to 2-phenylimino-3-t-butyl-4-mercapto-t-butyl-6-aryl/alkylimino-1,3,5-thiadiazine hydrochlorides followed by isomeric conversion of the latter with aqueous ethanolic sodium bicarbonate/sodiu

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11

Shestak, I. V., A. D. Vorobiev, D. V. Cherednichenko, E. V. Vorobyova, E. V. Laevskaya, and M. A. Astakhova. "Inhibition of calcium and magnesium carbonate crystallization with sodium polyacrylate." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 55, no. 3 (2019): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2019-55-3-377-384.

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It is known that when water are used for technological purposes, in circulating water supply systems of enterprises as a coolant during continuous heating and cooling, the formation of insoluble precipitates, most often calcium carbonates, occurs on the walls of heat exchangers, which leads to a large number of problems, even production can be stopped for cleaning equipment. To prevent the formation of salts, it is necessary to use precipitation inhibitors. Sodium polyacrylate was investigated as a precipitation inhibitor. The composition, morphology and IR spectra of calcium carbonate precipi

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12

Zyman, Zoltan, and Mykola Tkachenko. "Sodium-carbonate co-substituted hydroxyapatite ceramics." Processing and Application of Ceramics 7, no. 4 (2013): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac1304153z.

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Powders of sodium-carbonate co-substituted hydroxyapatite, having sodium content in the range of 0.25-1.5 wt.% with a 0.25 wt.% step, were prepared by a precipitation-solid state reaction route. Compacts of the powders were sintered in a CO2 flow (4 mL/min) at 1100 ?C for 2 h. The sintered ceramics contained sodium and carbonate ions in the ranges of 0-1.5 wt.% and 1.3-6 wt.%, respectively, which are typical impurity concentrations in biological apatite. A relationship between sodium and carbonate contents and the type of carbonate substitution was found. The total carbonate content progressiv

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13

Bensemlali, Meryem, Meryeme Joudi, Hamid Nasrellah, et al. "One-step synthesis and characterisation of crystalline nano-calcite from phosphogysum by precipitation method." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 97 (2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2022220041.

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In the present study, nano-calcium carbonate (NCC) was prepared from phosphogypsum (PG) as waste material from phosphate industry using Na2CO3 and Al(HCO3)3 as carbonates precursors. The physicochemical characteristics of the prepared nano-calcite CaCO3 were studied using various methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), chemical analysis, plasma spectrometry with inductive coupling (ICP), as well as the Bernard calcimeter. The size of the pure nanocalcite particles produced differs according to the nature of the carbonate precursor; they are 51 nm and 68

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14

&NA;. "Calcium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1201 (2008): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812010-00032.

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15

&NA;. "Magnesium carbonate/sodium picosulfate." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1111 (2006): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200611110-00048.

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16

Wu, Bing, Alena Sobina, Sebastian Recknagel, et al. "Assay of sodium carbonate." Metrologia 60, no. 1A (2023): 08004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/60/1a/08004.

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Main text The CCQM-K173 Assay of Sodium Carbonate key comparison was jointly organized by the Inorganic Analysis (IAWG) and Electrochemical Analysis and Classical Chemical Methods (EAWG) working groups of CCQM to test the abilities of the national metrology institutes (NMIs) to measure the purity or amount content of solid bases. They are important challenges for reference material producers, providers of other measurement services, such as proficiency testing schemes. Evidence of successful participation in formal, relevant international comparisons are needed to support calibration and measu

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17

Lan, Qiaofa, Youming Yang, Ziyu Xie, Haoran Guo, Donghui Liu, and Xiaolin Zhang. "Molecular Dynamics Calculation of the Coordination Behavior of Yb (III) in Sodium Carbonate Solution." Processes 11, no. 9 (2023): 2624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11092624.

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Yb (III) shows complex behavior of coordination dissolution and precipitation in carbonate solutions, but the properties of CO32− coordination and hydration to Yb (III) in the solution have not been explicated. In this work, the dissolution rule of Yb (III) with CO32− concentration has been studied. The radial distribution function and the coordination number of CO32− and H2O to Yb (III) were calculated by molecular dynamics simulation, and the complex ion form of Yb was obtained. The ultraviolet–visible spectrum and the ionic structures of Yb (III) complex ions were geometrically optimized an

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18

Stephen, J. A., C. Pace, J. M. S. Skakle, and Iain R. Gibson. "Comparison of Carbonate Hydroxyapatite with and without Sodium Co-Substitution." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.19.

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Carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHA) bioceramics can be synthesised to contain sodium ions as a co-substituted ion, or as sodium-free compositions. It is unclear, however, which composition would produce the optimum biological response. The aim of this study was to find a reliable method to produce sodium co-substituted and sodium-free CHA compositions that would have the same level of carbonate substitution, and to characterise the effects of the two different substitutions on the structure of the CHA samples. After sintering at 900oC in a CO2 atmosphere, all samples contained approximately equal a

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19

Piao, Yongchao, Fayu He, Zengrui Pang, et al. "Influence of Sodium Carbonate on the Flotation Separation of Smithsonite and Calcite by Sulfuration-Amine Method." Minerals 13, no. 5 (2023): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13050624.

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Sulfuration-amine flotation is the most commonly used method to separate zinc oxide ore, but its shortcomings such as unstable separation index and poor applicability to high mud-content raw ore limit its application in industry. In this study, the influence mechanism of sodium carbonate on the flotation separation of smithsonite and calcite by the sulfuration-amine method was investigated by chemical analysis of the flotation solution, contact angle measurement, Zeta potential test, and XPS analysis. The results showed that sodium carbonate significantly improved the flotation separation perf

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20

Bedekar, S. G. "Properties of sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate solutions." Journal of Applied Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2007): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010050206.

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21

Yu, Hai Yan, Shuang Zhang, Wen Fang Wu, Xiao Lin Pan, and Shi Wen Bi. "Effect of Sodium Carbonate Concentration on Leaching Property of Sintered Clinkers with Low A/S Ratio." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 847–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.847.

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The effect of sodium carbonate concentration on alumina leaching of low A/S ratio clinkers and SiO2 concentration in leached liquor was studied in this paper. The clinker with the Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio of 1.0 (the molar ratios of CaO/SiO2 and Na2O/Al2O3 are 2.0 and 1.05) was sintered at 1230°C using AR reagents. The alumina leaching rate and SiO2 concentration in leached liquor increase with the increase of sodium carbonate concentration, and the alumina leaching rate reaches its maximum of 96.36% when the sodium carbonate concentration is 15g/L. The results of XRD indicate that sodium carbona

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22

LIANG, YU, SIJIA SUN, HAO DING, and XIFENG HOU. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC MODIFIED CALCIUM CARBONATE BY SODIUM STEARATE (OR SODIUM OLEATE) USING WET METHOD." Surface Review and Letters 27, no. 10 (2020): 1950224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x1950224x.

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A method of modifying calcium carbonate particles was investigated by coating sodium stearate or sodium oleate on the surface of calcium carbonate by wet method. The results of FTIR, activation and dispersion index, dispersity in kerosene, surface wettability tests and zeta potential tests show that sodium stearate or sodium oleate has successfully coated on the surfaces of calcium carbonate. The main factors were researched and the optimal parameters were obtained for the best modification effect. Compared with common rubber, the modified calcium carbonate added rubber has larger breaking ten

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23

Chiotti, Premo, and Richard Markuszewski. "Binary systems sodium sulfide-sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate-sodium hydroxide." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 30, no. 2 (1985): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je00040a020.

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24

Su, Kun Mei, Zhen Huan Li, Ming Ding, and Xiao Long He. "The Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate from Dimethyl Carbonate and Phenol over Modified Organotin Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.124.

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Organotin catalysts were modified with sodium molybdate, sodium tungstate and sodium vanadate, and the modified organotin catalysts displayed high activity in transesterification of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with phenol into diphenyl carbonate (DPC).

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Zhang, Jieyuan, Quoc P. Nguyen, Adam Flaaten, and Gary A. Pope. "Mechanisms of Enhanced Natural Imbibition With Novel Chemicals." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 12, no. 06 (2009): 912–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/113453-pa.

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Summary A large body of literature has reflected an extensive experimental study of natural imbibition driven by local capillary pressures at high interfacial tension (IFT). However, water imbibition induced by emulsification at low IFT is not well understood. Recently, anionic surfactants have been shown to induce imbibition in mixed- and oil-wet carbonates. Sodium carbonate has been used to reduce the surfactant adsorption. However, calcium and other divalent cations can cause precipitation of the alkali unless soft water is used. This is a significant limitation of sodium carbonate. The pre

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26

Wongkeo, Watcharapong. "Effect of Calcium Carbonate on Compressive Strength and Physical Properties of Alkali-Activated Lightweight Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.550.

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This study presents the compressive strength and physical properties of alkali-activated lightweight concrete. Alkali-activated lightweight concrete was synthesized with fly ash, calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution. Calcium carbonate was designed to replace part of fly ash at 5 and 10 wt.%. Sodium hydroxide solution at 5, 7.5 and 10 M was used as a liquid solution. Liquid to ash ratio (L/A ratio) at 0.45 was designed and aluminium powder was used as a foaming agent. The results showed that, the compressive strength of alkali-activated lightweight concrete made with fly ash was incr

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27

Wang, D., M. Maubert, G. A. Pope, et al. "Reduction of Surfactant Retention in Limestones Using Sodium Hydroxide." SPE Journal 24, no. 01 (2018): 92–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/194009-pa.

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Summary Geochemical modeling was used to design and conduct a series of alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) coreflood experiments to measure the surfactant retention in limestone cores using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the alkali. Surfactant/polymer (SP) coreflood experiments were conducted under the same conditions for comparison. NaOH has been used for ASP floods of sandstones, but these are the first experiments to test it for ASP floods of limestones. Two studies performed under different reservoir conditions showed that NaOH significantly reduced the surfactant retention in Indiana Limestone

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28

Mulopo, J., and V. Radebe. "Recovery of calcium carbonate from waste gypsum and utilization for remediation of acid mine drainage from coal mines." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 6 (2012): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.322.

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The recovery of calcium carbonate from waste gypsum (a waste product of the reverse osmosis (RO) desalination process) was tested using sodium carbonate. Batch recovery of calcium carbonate from waste gypsum slurries by reacting with sodium carbonate under ambient conditions was used to assess the technical feasibility of CaCO3 recovery and its use for pre-treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) from coal mines. The effect of key process parameters, such as the slurry concentration (%) and the molar ratio of sodium carbonate to gypsum were considered. It was observed that batch waste gypsum conv

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29

Milosavljevic, Milutin, Ljiljana Babicev, Svetlana Belosevic, et al. "Innovative environmentally friendly technology for copper(II) hydroxide production." Chemical Industry 72, no. 6 (2018): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind180630023m.

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The innovative laboratory procedure for the synthesis of copper(II) hydroxide in the form of the aqueous suspension was developed. The reaction mechanism consists of the reaction between copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate and sodium carbonate by successive ion exchange of carbonate ions with the hydroxide ones in a multistep process. Production of copper(II) carbonate and sodium sulphate by reacting of copper(II) sulphate with sodium carbonate was followed by addition of sodium hydroxide solution whereby the product, copper(II) hydroxide, was obtained by releasing an equimolar amount of sodium c

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30

Wang, Jing Chen, Feng Xia Cui, and Tao Li. "Optimization of Synthesis Process for Sodium Ascorbate." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.10.

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With 2-keto-L-gulonic acid(2KLG) and methanol as raw materials, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst, the methyl esterification reaction is occurred. Then with sodium carbonate as a transforming agent, a conversion reaction sodium carbonate is obtained. In this experiment, the effects of reaction time, reaction temperature and reactant ratio on conversion rate of sodium ascorbate were studied. The results showed that sodium carbonate as the reactant of lactonization reaction can effectively shorten the reaction time and improve reaction yield. By experiment under the optimum process cond

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31

Arefiev, Anton V., Anton Shatskiy, Altyna Bekhtenova, and Konstantin D. Litasov. "Phonolite-Carbonatite Liquid Immiscibility at 3–6 GPa." Minerals 13, no. 3 (2023): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13030443.

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Liquid immiscibility plays an important role in the formation of carbonatites and associated alkaline Si-undersaturated magmas. Experiments in the sodium carbonate-aluminosilicate systems suggest that the carbonate-silicate miscibility gap is limited by crustal and shallow mantle pressures (up to 2.5 GPa). Unlike in the potassium-rich carbonate-aluminosilicate systems, the carbonate-silicate miscibility gap was established at pressures of 3.5–6 GPa. It is therefore interesting to elucidate the immiscibility range under intermediate pressures, corresponding to 100–200 km depths. Here we conduct

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32

Adesina, Adeyemi. "Influence of various additives on the early age compressive strength of sodium carbonate activated slag composites: An overview." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 29, no. 1 (2020): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2020-0011.

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AbstractThe use of sodium carbonate as an alkali activator for slag to produce alkali-activated slag is promising due to its sustainable, economic and user-friendly properties. However, the lower early age performance of composites made with such binder has limited its use especially in applications where higher early age is required. Hence, in order to propel the application of this sustainable binder, it is imperative to find ways in which the early age performance can be enhanced without having a detrimental effect on later age performance. One of the effective and sustainable ways to enhan

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Liu, Kai Qiang, Hui Tang, Yan Nian Rui, and Guo Qiang Chen. "Alkali Resistance of the Silk/PLA Mixture." Advanced Materials Research 441 (January 2012): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.441.687.

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As a new textile material, silk/PLA mixture combines the outstanding characteristics of silk and PLA fibers, but this mixture is subjected to some problems owing to the poor alkali resistance of PLA fiber during the pretreatment and reactive dyeing processes. In the present work, the alkali resistance of silk/PLA mixture was tested with three alkalis, namely sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. It was found that silk component was less influenced by sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, whereas PLA component was more or less influenced by three alkalis. Silk/PLA mixtur

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34

Stejskalová, Květoslava, Pavel Bach, Erich Lippert, and Karel Mocek. "Effects of the Gas Phase Composition and Genesis of the Active Sodium Carbonate on Its Reactivity Towards Gaseous Mixture SO2 + NOx." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 62, no. 3 (1997): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19970387.

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The reactivity of the solid active sodium carbonate towards gaseous mixture SO2 + NOx has been measured in the dependence on oxygen and carbon dioxide contents and on genesis of the solid substance. The fixed bed flow reactor working under integral conditions has been used. It was found that the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate of the 1st generation towards gaseous mixture SO2 + NOx is higher than the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate of the 2nd generation. In the temperature range of 130-180 °C the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide have no decisive influence on t

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35

Yusuf, Zaki, and John Cameron. "Decarbonization Reactions between Sodium Metaborate and Sodium Carbonate." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 43, no. 26 (2004): 8148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie049924b.

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36

Nosova, E. N., D. M. Musatova, S. S. Melnikov, and V. I. Zabolotsky. "Exploring the Production of Sodium Hydroxide via Bipolar Electrodialysis from Sodium Carbonate Solutions." Мембраны и мембранные технологии 13, no. 5 (2023): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s221811722305005x.

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This study explores the production of sodium hydroxide via bipolar electrodialysis using MB-3 membranes and a laboratory electrodialyzer-synthesizer with a three-chamber unit cell (five elementary cells, active area of each membrane 1 dm2). The research compares the use of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate as initial solutions. The results show that sodium carbonate leads to a higher concentration of the resulting alkali under comparable process conditions. The alkali current efficiency is more than 70% when using sodium carbonate, while it drops sharply to 0.4–0.5 when using sodium sulfate.

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Alghany K. lbraheem, Abed. "Spectrophotometric Assay of phenylphrine hydrochloride Viacuopling with Diazotised p-Nitroaniline, Application toPharmaceutical Preparation." Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2023): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjphs.2009.5.2.9.182.191.

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Simple, sensitive and reproducible spectrophotometric method was developed in aqueous medium and applicated for the estimation of pheylephrine hydrochloride in nasal drop and tussilet syrup. The method is based on the formation of orange coloured azo dye from the coup I ing of pheylephrine hydrochloride (PPH) with diazotised p-nitroaniline in alkaline medium of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. The intensity of absorbance for the resulting orange azao-dye was measured at 490 nm in sodium hydroxide and at 487 nm in sodium carbonate. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of 10-2

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&NA;. "Calcium carbonate/levothyroxine sodium interaction." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1197 (2008): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200811970-00037.

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39

Ball, Matthew C., Christine M. Snelling, and Alec N. Strachan. "Dehydration of sodium carbonate monohydrate." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases 81, no. 8 (1985): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/f19858101761.

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Gates, Will P., Uzma Shaheen, Terence W. Turney, and Antonio F. Patti. "Cyclic carbonate–sodium smectite intercalates." Applied Clay Science 124-125 (May 2016): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2016.02.005.

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Steffen, Friedrich, Tamas Kordsachia, Tobias Heizmann, Maximilian Paul Eckardt, Yue Chen, and Bodo Saake. "Sodium Carbonate Pulping of Wheat Straw—An Alternative Fiber Source for Various Paper Applications." Agronomy 14, no. 1 (2024): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010162.

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European paper mills are currently facing the question of whether recovered paper, their main raw material, will be available in sufficient quantities and an acceptable quality in the future. An alternative to recovered paper or wood fiber is the use of agricultural residues such as wheat straw. Sodium carbonate-based straw pulping processes have the advantage of not requiring recausticizing for chemical recovery, which reduces investment and operating costs. With the addition of oxygen, delignification can be significantly improved to provide pulps suitable for bleaching. This study compares

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Gärtner, Robert S., and Geert-Jan Witkamp. "Mixed solvent reactive recrystallization of trona (sodium sesqui-carbonate) into soda (sodium carbonate anhydrate)." Hydrometallurgy 88, no. 1-4 (2007): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2007.03.006.

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Ren, Fu Zeng, Yang Leng, and Xiong Lu. "Ab Initio Simulations on the Carbonated Apatite Structure." Key Engineering Materials 529-530 (November 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.1.

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ab initio simulations were employed to investigate the crystal structure of carbonated apatite (CAp). Two possible sites for the carbonate ions in the apatite lattice were considered: carbonate substituting for OH-ion (type-A) and for PO43-ion (type-B). A combined type-AB substitution was also proposed and numerous possible charge compensation mechanisms were treated. The results show that the most stable type-A CAp had its carbonate triangular plane almost parallel to c-axis, making an angle of about 2° at z = 0.46. In the most stable type-B CAp structure, the nearest Ca (2) ion was replaced

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Palou, Lluís, Joseph L. Smilanick, Josep Usall, and Inmaculada Viñas. "Control of Postharvest Blue and Green Molds of Oranges by Hot Water, Sodium Carbonate, and Sodium Bicarbonate." Plant Disease 85, no. 4 (2001): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.4.371.

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Control of citrus blue mold, caused by Penicillium italicum, was evaluated on artificially inoculated oranges immersed in water at up to 75°C for 150 s; in 2 to 4% sodium carbonate (wt/vol) at 20 or 45°C for 60 or 150 s; or in 1 to 4% sodium bicarbonate at room temperature for 150 s, followed by storage at 20°C for 7 days. Hot water controlled blue mold at 50 to 55°C, temperatures near those that injured fruit, and its effectiveness declined after 14 days of storage. Sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate were superior to hot water. Temperature of sodium carbonate solutions influenced effecti

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Sokolář, Radomír. "Dispersants for Dual Binding System Kaolin - Calcium Aluminate Cement." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.10.

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Calcium aluminate cement CAC is able to increase strength of green body distintly. Influence of typical ceramic dispersants – sodium hexametaphosphate SHMP, sodium carbonate SC and sodium silicate (water glass) SWG – on the rheological properties (viscosity) of calcium aluminate cement – kaolin slurries with different ratio between CAC and kaolin was determined. In all cases sodium carbonate is the most effective dispersant but deflocculation is not very intensive – decrease of torque during the rotational viscometer test was not higher than 15 % (from 68,8 N.mm to 58.3 N.mm for ratio 1:1 of C

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Zulhan, Zulfiadi, Rifda Dinillah, Toto Yulianton, Imam Santoso, and Taufiq Hidayat. "Carbothermic Reduction of Ilmenite Concentrate with Sodium Carbonate Additive to Produce Iron Granules and High Titania Containing Slag." Metals 12, no. 6 (2022): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12060963.

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The influences of heating pattern and sodium carbonate addition on the carbothermic reduction of ilmenite concentrate have been experimentally studied. The experiments were carried out using isothermal–gradient temperature technique between 1000 °C and 1500 °C with different temperature profiles for a total reduction time between 110 and 160 min. The sodium carbonate was varied between 0 to 60 wt%. It was found that the temperature profile and sodium carbonate addition play an important role on the separation between metallic iron granule and titania rich slag. The optimum condition was achiev

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SEİTKALİ, Nurzikhan, Askhat NAUSHABAYEV, Shynar MAZKİRAT, and Tursunay VASSİLİNA. "Assessing the efficacy of ameliorants on saline-sodic soils: Laboratory insights for reclamation strategies." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 12, no. 4 (2023): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1331960.

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This study presents the combined findings of laboratory experiments conducted to assess the efficacy of various ameliorants on saline-sodic soils in the foothill plain of Ile Alatau in the Northern Tianshan region. The investigation focused on the influence of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur, nano sulfur, and sulfuric acid on the ionic composition of the soil solution and their impact on the soil-absorbing complex. Different doses of these ameliorants were applied to saline-sodic soil samples, and their incubation period was observed. The analysis of the aqueous extract of the soil emphasized

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Rebellato, Ana Paula, Priscila Ferreira Tavares, Guilherme Neves Trindade, Juliana A. Lima Pallone, Pedro H. Campelo, and Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva Clerici. "Alkaline instant noodles: use of alkaline salts to reduce sodium and assessment of calcium bioaccessibility." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 2 (2021): e51210212778. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12778.

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Instant noodles originated in eastern nations and have been accepted due to its practicality and low cost. However, its high sodium content can lead to health problems. The present study aimed to reduce sodium and increase calcium levels in noodles. A control (N1: K2CO3+ Na2CO3) and three treatments with the addition of calcium carbonate in combination with alkaline salts such as potassium and sodium carbonates (N2: K2CO3+ CaCO3; N3: Na2CO3+ CaCO3; and N4: CaCO3) were studied. Two hydration methods were investigated, and the technological characterization and the calcium bioaccessibility of th

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Jing, Kai, Yun Zhang, and Xiang Rong Wang. "Study on the Structure and Properties of Natural Color Silk Treated by Alkali." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.760.

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The natural color silk has been treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate，and the structure, crystallize and mechanical properties of the treated natural color silk were studied. The results showed that the structure of natural color silk was not changed and the degree of crystallinity decreased; the crystallinity of un-treated natural color silk was 44.4%, while the crystallinities of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were 35.2% and 43.6%, respectively. The breaking tenacity and the breaking elongation of natural color silk treated by sodium hydroxide

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Hu, Lin, Huaimiao Zheng, Lingling Wu, et al. "Experimental Study on the Effect of an Organic Matrix on Improving the Strength of Tailings Strengthened by MICP." Materials 16, no. 15 (2023): 5337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155337.

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In order to improve the effect of microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) in tailings reinforcement, sodium citrate, an organic matrix with good water solubility, was selected as the crystal form adjustment template for inducing calcium carbonate crystallization, and the reinforcements of tailings by MICP were conducted in several experiments. The effects of sodium citrate on the yield, crystal form, crystal appearance, and distribution of calcium carbonate were analyzed by MICP solution test; thus, the related results were obtained. These showed that the addition of a proper

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