Journal articles: 'Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose'

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Masrullita, Masrullita, Rizka Nurlaila, Zulmiardi Zulmiardi, Ferri Safriwardy, Auliani Auliani, and Meriatna Meriatna. "Synthesis Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) from Rice Straw (Oryza Sativa L.) Waste." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2, no. 1 (2021): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v2i1.200.

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Rice straw is one of material containing cellulose to produce Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC). CMC is a non toxic polysaccharide that produces from cellulose that widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, textile, detergent, and cosmetic products industries. There are two stages usually use to produce CMC which are mercerization and esterification processes. Rice straw waste is one of the materials to produce CMC, it has a cellulose content of 37.7%, hemi-cellulose 21.99%, and lignin 16.62 %. BPS Aceh shown that the total rice harvested area was 310.01 hectares, with a total production of 1.71 million tons, and rice produced at 982.57 thousand ton. This study aims to reduce waste and environmental pollution caused by rice straw and collects information of rice straw as a basic material to produce of carboxymethyl cellulose and to increase the economic value of rice straw. The effects of various wieght parameters sodium monochloroacetate on chemical properties of CMC that produce from rice straw were investigated in this research. Rice straw was collected from a rice field in Nisam, North Aceh. The research conducted by synthesizing 5 grams rice straw for 5.5 hours using NaOH and Sodium Monochloroacetate solutions. With variations weight of sodium monochloroacetate are 5,6,7,8 and 9 grams. The characterization of CMC was carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), CMC yield, DS, Viscosity, water content, pH. The result shows that addition of sodium monochloroacetate was significant factors influence the chemical properties on CMC. The CMC that produced in this study achieved to National Indonesia Standard (SNI).

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Kale, Ravindra D., Yashlok Maurya, and Tejasvi Potdar. "Paper-reinforced sodium alginate/carboxyl methyl cellulose-based bio-composite films." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 34, no. 2 (2017): 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087917715675.

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Waste paper-reinforced sodium alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC)-based bio-composite films were prepared by solution casting method by optimum combination of 1.5% sodium alginate and 1.5% NaCMC. The optimum combination was selected on the basis of good tensile strength and low moisture sensitivity. This film was further subjected to aqueous solution of potassium aluminium sulphate (potassium alum) to reduce water vapour permeability and moisture content. This potassium alum solution treatment further enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties, and the film biodegradability was not affected either due to the cross linking or colour addition, which has potential as a substitute for the currently used polyethylene-based films. Molecular interactions between polymers and potassium alum affected mechanical, thermal, and other properties and was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray, and thermo gravimetric analysis of the films. This bio-composite film may be suitable to replace non-biodegradable and costly biodegradable packaging materials.

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Faizan, Sayeed*. "FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF STOMACH SPECIFIC FLOATING MICROSPHERES OF ACELCLOFENAC." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 04 (2018): 2660–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1221371.

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The aim of the present work is to study the effect of polymer characteristics on the drug release from hydrogels which were prepared using different polymers (Sodium alginate, Sodium CMC, HPMC K100 and Carbopol) by Ionotropic gelation method. The main objective of the research work is to study the drug and polymer interaction. The formulated hydrogels were characterized for their physico-chemical parameters like swelling ratio, water uptake, gel fraction, percentage yield, drug content, drug entrapment efficiency and size analysis. FTIR studies reveal the drug excipients compatibility. In-vitro drug release studies revealed that the high % drug release for F9 was 98.9% up to 14hrs. Swelling ratio and water uptake by F9 formulation was 12.6± 0.05 and found to be good swelling ratio, high water absorbing ability and high % adherence (77%). Among all formulations, F9 showed controlled drug release up to 14 hrs and considered as ideal formulation. Keywords: Aceclofenac, Hydrogel, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose, Sodium alginate, Sodium carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Carbopol, Ionotrpic gelation method.

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Sharma, G. S., Vudutha Bhavani, and T. Rama Rao. "Formulation & Evaluation of Sustained Release Diclofenac Sodium Microspheres." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 14, no. 11 (2024): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20241120.

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The present work sought to explore the dissolution profile and release kinetics of modified release diclofenac sodium microspheres comprising sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP K30). The impact of these polymers on drug release mechanism was investigated. The Ionic-gelation process was used to create nine formulations with varying quantities of polymers. The FT-IR technique was employed for analysing interactions among polymers and active medicinal molecules. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to examine the produced microspheres' form and surface morphology. The average particle size was determined using optical microscopy. The produced microspheres ranged from 50-110 µm and were ideal for modified medication delivery. Moisture content, drug entrapment efficiency, and percent yield were measured for the prepared microspheres, and the findings were satisfactory. F3 created with a drug: polymer ratio of 1:3 and 3% sodium alginate in 4% calcium chloride shown up to 99% retarding effects during an invitro drug release testing. Statistical models revealed that the drug release mechanism followed the zero order kinetic model. Finally, it was determined that sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP K30) were acceptable polymers for producing diclofenac sodium microspheres as a modified or sustained release drug delivery method. Key words: Diclofenac sodium, Ionic gelation, Sodium CMC, HPMC, PVP K30, Sustained release drug delivery, FT-IR, Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Stamate, Monica Iliuta, Ciprian Stamate, Daniel Timofte, et al. "Effect of Polymers on the Pharmaco-mechanical Properties of Direct Compressed Tablets with Ketoprofen." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 1 (2019): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.1.5159.

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In this study, the effect of polymers on the mechanical properties of ketoprofen extended drug release systems were studied. Many polymers are added in formulation of compressed tablets in order to improve the physicochemical characteristics of the drug release system. The samples were made in the form of cylindrical tablet about 9 mm in diameter, containing different mixtures of drug substances and excipients acording to seven formulations. Cylindrical tablets containing mixtures of ketoprofen and various types of polymers are made by direct compression method. Among the binders used were a series of different polymers like Kollidon va 64, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose. Mechanical parameters such as hardness, mechanical strenght, friability and roughness were studied in order to determine how they are influenced by polymeric binders.

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Stamate, Monica Cretan, Carmen Gafitanu, Ciprian Stamate, and Eliza Gafitanu. "Effect of Dry Binders on Mechanical Properties of Ketoprofen-Cyclodextrin Extended Drug Release Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 186 (June 2012): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.186.143.

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In this paper, the mechanical properties of extended drug release systems were studied. A binder is a material that is added to a formulation in order to improve the mechanical strength of a drug release system. The drug release systems investigated were cylindrical tablets containing mixtures of various ketoprofen types and binders. Among the binders used were a series of different molecular weights of kollidon va 64, carbopol 971 pnf, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose. The samples were made in the form of cylindrical tablet of about 9 mm in diameter and containing different mixtures of drug substances and excipients in three formulations. Mechanical parameters such as hardness, tensile stress and friability were studied in order to determine how they are influenced by binder and how it influences wetting and disintegration of tables.

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S. Al-Lami, Mohammed. "Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained and Raft Forming Antacid Tablet." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 26, no. 1 (2017): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol26iss1pp26-31.

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Antacids have been widely used in the treatment of various gastric and duodenal disorders such as heartburn, reflux esophagitis, gastritis, irritable stomach, gastric and duodenal ulcers. A pH-responsive of bi-polymer of sodium alginate and pectin have been studied as raft-forming polymers using sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate as gas-generating and calcium ion sources. The aim of study was to formulate and evaluate mono and bilayer tablets of floating and sustained release antacid delivery systems using sodium carboxy methyl cellulose as a gel forming substance, calcium and magnesium carbonate as sources of acid neutralizing and carbon dioxide gas generators agents upon contact with acidic solution. The effect of the formulation contents on the buoyancy has been investigated. In addition to, the antacid activities of intact and pulverized tablets have been studied. The result obtained showed that the buoyance is remarkably affected by the percentages of sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and carbonates salts. All formulas of mono and bilayer tablets revealed sustained action of acid neutralization and raft formation. Besides, bilayer tablets showed a significant and higher level of acid neutralizing capacity than monolayer tablets. Moreover, the pulverized of bilayer tablets exhibited significant and higher acid neutralizing capacity at raft than that at bulk of artificial gastric juice medium. Keywords: Raft forming agent, Antacid, floating drug delivery, Acid neutralizing capacity, Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose.

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Ou-Yang, Zhuang, Hai Lin Xu, Chao Xiong, et al. "Preparation of TiO₂-Supported Activated Carbon and its Application in Papermaking Wastewater." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.7.

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Activated carbon supported nanoTiO2photocatalyst material (TiO2/AC) was prepared with activated carbon (AC) as the carrier and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as the binder. And the TiO2/AC was characterized by XRD. Then, the optimal experimental conditions was studied and the removal percentage of CODCrfrom papermaking wastewater could reach 73.22% at the optimal conditions. And the CODCrof the effluent was 90 mg/L, meeting the requirements of China national discharge standard. Furthermore, the recycle experiments showed that the TiO2/AC had a relatively high catalytic activity and stability.

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Mohkami, Mohammad, and Mohammad Talaeipour. "Investigation of the chemical structure of carboxylated and carboxymethylated fibers from waste paper via XRD and FTIR analysis." BioResources 6, no. 2 (2011): 1988–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.2.1988-2003.

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This paper describes preparation of carboxymethylated and carboxylated cellulosic fibers from waste paper. Chemical properties of the product were distinguished by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectral analysis. To produce carboxylated and crosslinked fibers and also to increase the anionic surface charge of the fibers, maleic anhydride was used in three different batches; 0, 1%, and 5%. The treatment condition for producing carboxymethylated fibers also involved the use of isopropanol, sodium hydroxide solution, and monochloroacetic acid. The product was purified with 70/30 methanol/ water. Then one sample was neutralized with acetic acid and the other was considered as a sample without having been neutralized. Effects of these treatments were evaluated by FTIR and XRD analysis. The results of FTIR analysis indicated that the carboxyl and methyl functional groups had increased in the carboxymethylated fibers and that just carboxyl groups had increased in carboxylated fibers. The results of XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of cellulose had decreased in both the carboxymethylated and carboxylated fibers.

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Piaggesi, A., F. Baccetti, L. Rizzo, M. Romanelli, R. Navalesi, and L. Benzi. "Sodium carboxyl-methyl-cellulose dressings in the management of deep ulcerations of diabetic foot." Diabetic Medicine 18, no. 4 (2001): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00466.x.

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Saputri, L. N. M. Z., and J. Gunlazuardi. "TiO2 Nanotube Array Prepared by Anodization in Aqueous Electrolyte Containing Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1593 (July 2020): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1593/1/012043.

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Ali, Douaa Hussein, and Muhannad A. R. Mohammed. "Studying the Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Fluids Under the Addition of Different Chemical Additives." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 23, no. 1 (2020): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.23010068.

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This research study the rheological properties ( plastic viscosity, yield point and apparent viscosity) of non-Newtonian fluids under the addition of different chemical additives with different concentrations, such as (xanthan gum (xc-polymer) , carboxy methyl cellulose ( high and low viscosity ) ,polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, quebracho, chrome lignosulfonate, and sodium chloride (NaCl). Fann viscometer model 800 with 8-speeds was used to measure the rheological properties of these samples, that have already been prepared. All samples were subjected to Bingham plastic model. It was concluded that the plastic viscosity, yield point and apparent viscosity should be increased with increasing the concentrations of (xanthan gum (xc-polymer) , carboxy methyl cellulose ( high and low viscosity ) ,polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and sodium chloride (NaCl), while the opposite is true for quebracho, chrome lignosulfonate.

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Dnyandeo Tambe, Bhavana. "Development and Evaluation of Alginate Microspheres of Paracetamol: Effect of Different Concentrations of Cross linking Agent and Coating." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 9, no. 3 (2021): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.968.

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The present work is to formulate the mucoadhesive microspheres loaded Paracetamol using calcium chloride as a cross linking agent by isotropic gelatin method. The study focused on the effect of different concentrations of cross linking agent and coating on the dissolution profile of Microspheres using sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) as coating agent. Microspheres were prepared by using 2% sodium alginate aqueous solution with three different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% w/v) of cross linking agent (CaCl2), followed by coating with 2% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (low viscosity grade). Uncoated microspheres were evaluated for micromeritic properties like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, and Hauser’s ratio and for drug content. The in vitro drug release study was done for both uncoated and coated microspheres. The physical parameters such as Drug contents, bulk density, tap density, angle of repose, carr’s index, hausnor’s ratio and In Vitro drug release studies were determined. Further studies are needed to investigate this formulation for its performance.

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Puspitasari, Puspitasari, Arnelli Arnelli, and Ahmad Suseno. "Formulasi Larutan Pencuci dari Surfaktan Hasil Sublasi Limbah Laundry." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 16, no. 1 (2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.16.1.11-16.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perumusan cairan pencuci dari surfaktan sublasi dari limbah laundry. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula cairan pencuci hasil surfaktan substitusi dari limbah cucian dan detergensi optimal dari cairan pencuci yang diformulasikan. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan surfaktan dari air limbah bekas adalah metode sublasi. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu sublasi limbah cucian, karakterisasi surfaktan, dan uji detergensi. Penentuan jumlah surfaktan menggunakan metode MBAS, penentuan kelompok fungsional surfaktan menggunakan FTIR, detergensi dengan sublasi surfaktan dengan memvariasikan pH, Sodium Tripoly Phosphate (STPP), Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan yang berasal dari proses sublasi adalah alkilbenzena sulfonat lurus (LAS). Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh spektrum FTIR yang menunjukkan beberapa kelompok fungsi seperti alkil, sulfonat dan pengganti cincin aromatik. Surfaktan anionik mengalami penurunan sebesar 81,43%. Hasil uji detergensi diperoleh detergensi optimum 90,49%, formula cairan pembersih 21% surfaktan, STPP 60%, pH 10,5, 1% CMC.Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perumusan cairan pencuci dari surfaktan sublasi dari limbah laundry. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula cairan pencuci hasil surfaktan substitusi dari limbah cucian dan detergensi optimal dari cairan pencuci yang diformulasikan. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan surfaktan dari air limbah bekas adalah metode sublasi. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu sublasi limbah cucian, karakterisasi surfaktan, dan uji detergensi. Penentuan jumlah surfaktan menggunakan metode MBAS, penentuan kelompok fungsional surfaktan menggunakan FTIR, detergensi dengan sublasi surfaktan dengan memvariasikan pH, Sodium Tripoly Phosphate (STPP), Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan yang berasal dari proses sublasi adalah alkilbenzena sulfonat lurus (LAS). Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh spektrum FTIR yang menunjukkan beberapa kelompok fungsi seperti alkil, sulfonat dan pengganti cincin aromatik. Surfaktan anionik mengalami penurunan sebesar 81,43%. Hasil uji detergensi diperoleh detergensi optimum 90,49%, formula cairan pembersih 21% surfaktan, STPP 60%, pH 10,5, 1% CMC.

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Saran, Gopisetty, Rohith Sarswat, Ashok Kumar B.S, Sridhar, S.M, and Pradeep Kumar L. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROSPHERES OF AN ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG USING NATURAL POLYMERS (SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE)." Indian Research Journal of Pharmacy and Science 6, no. 4 (2019): 2025–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2019.6.4.4.

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Li, Hui-hui, Rong Huang, and Ming-chen Li. "Formula optimization of Cordyceps Flower beverage based on sensory analysis experiments." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 03079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129203079.

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Cordyceps flower is a new resource as a food and drug, which has a broad market prospect. The paper using Cordyceps flower sporocarp as raw material and adopting sensory results as evaluation criteria, through single factor and orthogonal experiments optimize cordyceps flower beverage formula. The results show that Cordyceps powder should be first leached in a water bath at 80℃ for 15 min at a feed-liquid ratio of 1:30. After centrifugation and filtration, cordyceps flower liquid was obtained. Then the liquid should be reconstitute into 30% diluent. Third, adding 0.04% aspartame, 0.06% citric acid and 0.1% sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), a tasty and nutritious cordyceps flower beverage was developed ultimately.

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Wuryanti, Sri, Suhardjo Poertadji, and Bambang Soegijono. "The Effect of Mixing Time on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Imperata cylindrica Cellulose." Advanced Materials Research 1123 (August 2015): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1123.135.

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One application of cellulose is for the isolation of steam distribution pipe. Many researchers on cellulose for isolation have been conducted due to a popular issue of energy saving with its fairly cheap treatment cost. Cellulose is produced from imperata cylindrica reed by an extraction process. The results of extraction were in a form of cellulose fibers. To make the test easier, the cellulose fibers were made in a form of sheets by adding 3.5 % Na-CMC (Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose). The sheets are produced by blending for 30, 45, and 60 minutes and then put it into the oven with temperature of 40°C for 36 hours. Tests were conducted for four parameters, namely, density, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and morphology. The density was measured by picnometer, while the tensile strength and elasticity modulus was measured by UCT-5T Model UTM, and the morphology was measured by optical microscope from Nikon Ephipot. The test showed : minimal and maximal densities were 166.7 kg/m3 and 550.2 kg/m3, respectively; minimal and maximal average tensile strengths were 9.16 MPa and 10.5 MPa, respectively; minimal and maximal elasticity modulus were 79.948 MPa and 113.09 MPa, respectively; and minimal and maximal specific tensile strengths were 0.01665 MPa/(kg/m3) and 0.06289 MPa/(kg/m3).

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Shubakov, A. А., V. V. Volodin, S. О. Volodina та V. V. Martynov. "Step-by-step selection of highly productive cellulase activity colonies fungus Тrichoderma viride". Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 5 (2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2021-5-72-77.

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The paper presents the results of the stepwise selection of highly productive by cellulase activity colonies of the fungus Trichoderma viride ARCIM 13/10 (F-120). To obtain and select T. viride 13/10 colonies, dense nutrient media were used, in which the carbon sources were soluble substrates (2 % sucrose, 2 % sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose) and in-soluble, hardly hydrolyzeble substrates (Whatman No. 1 filter paper and cellulose produced by JSC «Mondi Syktyvkar Timber Industry Complex»). Cellulase activity of T. viride 13/10 col¬onies was assessed by saccharification of filter paper. As a result of the selection of the T. viride 13/10 strain carried out according to the scheme developed by us, it was possible to in¬crease the cellulase activity of the strain in comparison with its initial activity by 6,2–7,0 times. Further selection, especially with the use of mutagenic factors, can further increase the level of cellulase synthesis by the culture of the fungus T. viride.

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Chaudhari, S. N. K., K. C. Gounden, G. Srinivasan, and Vadiraj S. Ekkundi. "High resolution 13C-NMR spectroscopy of sodium carboxy methyl cellulose." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25, no. 1 (1987): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250129.

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Saiyed, Selim Ali* Pintu Kumar De Himangshu Maji. "Development and Assessment of Aceclofenac Gel-Based Topical Formula." International Journal of Scientific Research and Technology 2, no. 2 (2025): 115–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14873940.

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Emulgel is an advanced drug delivery system that combines emulsion and gel for controlled topical release. Incorporating emulsion into a gel base enhances stability. Aceclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is widely used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This study aimed to develop and assess an aceclofenac emulgel to improve skin penetration compared to existing formulations. Five gelling agents—Carbopol 934, HPMC, Na CMC, and sodium alginate—were used. Drug release was tested via dialysis membrane, with all formulations exhibiting good physical properties. Among them, Carbopol 934 demonstrated the highest drug release efficiency.

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Samanthula, Kumara Swamy, Agaiah Goud Bairi, and CB Mahendra Kumar. "Muco-adhesive buccal tablets of candesartan cilexetil for oral delivery: preparation, in-vitro and ex-vivo evaluation." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 1-s (2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1-s.4547.

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Candesartan cilexetil (CC) is an angiotensin II-receptor blocker (ARB). The antihypertensive effect of CC 4-16 mg/day was as great as that of other once-daily dosage regimens. Candesartan cilexetil has high first-pass metabolism and low oral bioavailability. The bioavailability of such drugs may be significantly improved if delivered through the buccal route; hence mucosal delivery is one of the alternative methods of systemic drug delivery. This study’s objective was to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablets of candesartan cilexetil using carbopol-934P, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Eudragit RLPO, and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (Na-CMC) as mucoadhesive polymers. Prepared CC buccal tablet formulations were evaluated for an optimized system based on physicochemical properties, ex-vivo residence time, in-vitro, and ex vivo permeation studies. The evaluation parameters of the tablets were within the acceptable Pharmacopoeial limits. However, the swelling and bio-adhesive time were increased with increasing polymer concentrations. The in-vitro release research shown that buccal tablets with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (Na-CMC) exhibited a higher release than all other formulations and have been considered as optimized CC formulation. The release mechanism from kinetic methods suggests that the drug release follows zero-order kinetics with a diffusion mechanism. Further, in-vivo research in animal fashions is required to prove the bioavailability performance of the formulation. Keywords: Candesartan cilexetil, mucoadhesive buccal tablets, first-pass metabolism, bioavailability.

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Zhdanov, A. A., T. V. Okhrimenko, A. A. Popova, N. V. Dunaev, and S. Yu Balandin. "Experience with the quenching medium based on sodium carboxy methyl cellulose." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 32, no. 6 (1990): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01100152.

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Gialouri, Aikaterini, Sofia Falia Saravanou, Konstantinos Loukelis, Maria Chatzinikolaidou, George Pasparakis, and Nikolaos Bouropoulos. "Thermoresponsive Alginate-Graft-pNIPAM/Methyl Cellulose 3D-Printed Scaffolds Promote Osteogenesis In Vitro." Gels 9, no. 12 (2023): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9120984.

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In this work, a sodium alginate-based copolymer grafted by thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains was used as gelator (Alg-g-PNIPAM) in combination with methylcellulose (MC). It was found that the mechanical properties of the resulting gel could be enhanced by the addition of MC and calcium ions (Ca2+). The proposed network is formed via a dual crosslinking mechanism including ionic interactions among Ca2+ and carboxyl groups and secondary hydrophobic associations of PNIPAM chains. MC was found to further reinforce the dynamic moduli of the resulting gels (i.e., a storage modulus of ca. 1500 Pa at physiological body and post-printing temperature), rendering them suitable for 3D printing in biomedical applications. The polymer networks were stable and retained their printed fidelity with minimum erosion as low as 6% for up to seven days. Furthermore, adhered pre-osteoblastic cells on Alg-g-PNIPAM/MC printed scaffolds presented 80% viability compared to tissue culture polystyrene control, and more importantly, they promoted the osteogenic potential, as indicated by the increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium, and collagen production relative to the Alg-g-PNIPAM control scaffolds. Specifically, ALP activity and collagen secreted by cells were significantly enhanced in Alg-g-PNIPAM/MC scaffolds compared to the Alg-g-PNIPAM counterparts, demonstrating their potential in bone tissue engineering.

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Katona, Jaroslav, Verica Sovilj, and Lidija Petrovic. "Viscosity sinergism of hydrozypropmethyl and carboxy methyl cellulose." Chemical Industry 62, no. 1 (2008): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0801031k.

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Rheology modifiers are common constituents of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutic products. Often, by using two or more of them, better control of the product rheological properties can be achieved. In this work, rheological properties of hydroxypropymethyl cellulose (HPMC) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) solutions of different concentrations were investigated and compared to the flow properties of 1% HPMC/NaCMC binary mixtures at various HPMC/NaCMC mass ratios. Solutions of HPMC and NaCMC were found to be pseudoplastic, where pseudoplasticity increases with increase in the macromolecules concentration. Changes of the degree of pseudoplasticity, n as well as the coefficient of consistency, K with the concentration are more pronounced in HPMC solutions when compared to the NaCMC ones. This is mostly due to the ability of HPMC molecules to associate with each other at concentrations above critical overlap concentration, c , and greater flexibility of macromolecular chains. Binary mixtures of HPMC/NaCMC were also found to be pseudoplastic. Experimentally obtained viscosities of the mixture were proved to be larger than theoretically expected ones, indicating viscosity synergism as a consequence of HPMC-NaCMC interaction. Maximum in synergy was observed when HPMC/NaCMC mass ratio was 0.4/0.6, no matter of the shear rate applied. On the other hand, it was found that relative positive deviation, RPD decreases when shear rate is increased.

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Rama Rao, Tadikonda. "HYDROPHILIC MATRIX TABLETS AS ORAL CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS IN 20TH CENTURY: A REVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 08 (2024): 1372–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19381.

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Matrix systems are easy to formulate compared to other controlled release dosage forms. The manufacture of matrix tablets involves the direct compression of blend of drug, retardant material and additives to form a tablet in which drug is embedded in a matrix core of the retardant. Alternatively, retardant-drug blends may be granulated prior to compression. Of the three classes of retardant material used to formulate matrix tablets, polymers that form hydrophilic matrices are attracting the attention of pharmaceutical technologists. These polymers include Methyl cellulose (MC), Hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC), Hydroxy popyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (NaCMC), carbomers, chitosan, plant gums etc. The hydrophilic matrix-formers alone or in combination with other excipients form gels in situ on coming in contact with biological fluids which control the drug release. The present review gives a detailed account on the factors to be considered in the design of hydrophilic matrix systems, formulation of hydrophilic matrix tablets, in vitro and in vivo evaluation methods and advances in the design of hydrophilic matrix tablets. This review further focuses on the development of oral controlled drug delivery systems using hydrophilic matrix carriers in 20th century.

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Han, Bo, Mingming Zhang, Qiusheng Zheng, Xinchun Wang, Ting Tang, and Wen Chen. "Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose for Improvement of the Determination of Polyethylene Glycol Modified Carbon Nanotubes by Raman Spectroscopy." Analytical Letters 46, no. 15 (2013): 2400–2409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2013.800535.

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Rao, Y. Madhusudan, Sunil Reddy, Panakanti Pavan Kumar, and Rajanarayana Kandagatla. "Formulation and Release Characteristic of a Bilayer Matrix Tablet Containing Glimepride Immediate Release Component and Metformin Hydrochloride as Sustained Release Component." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 3, no. 1 (2010): 851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.1.8.

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The aim of present study was to design the concept of bilayered tablets containing Glimepride for immediate release using sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrant and Metformin hydrochloride (HCl) for sustained release by using Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K 4M) and Sodium Carboxy Methyl cellulose (SCMC) as the matrix forming polymer, and PVPK-30 as binder. The tablets were evaluated for physicochemical properties. All the values were found to be satisfactory. In vitro release studies were carried out as per USP in pH 1.2 with (0.1% sodium lauryl sulphate w/v) and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 using the apparatus I. The release kinetics of Metformin HCl was evaluated using the regression coefficient analysis. The formulated tablets (F5) shows zero order release and diffusion was the dominant mechanism of drug release. The polymer (HPMC K4M, SCMC) and binder PVPK-30 had significant effect on the release of Metformin HCl matrix tablets (F5). Thus formulated bilayer tablets provided immediate release of Glimepride and Metformin HCl as sustained release over a period of 8 hours. Stability studies and FT-IR studies clearly indicated that there is no drug –polymer interaction.

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Sandhan, Shallu, Kavita Sapra, and Jitender Mor. "Formulation and Evaluation of sustained release matrix tablets of Glipizide." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research 1, no. 04 (2013): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30750/ijpbr.1.4.16.

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The aim of present investigation was to enhance the solubility of glipizide (BCS Class II). Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic agent with relatively short elimination half life. Inclusion complex of Glipizide with _-cyclodextrin was prepared by kneading method and evaluated for its in-vitro release. Phase solubility studies were performed according to method reported by Higuchi and Connors which was classified as AL type characterized by apparent 1:1 stability constant. The Glipizide and Beta Cyclodextrin found to be compatible which was observed from FTIR spectra of Glipizide _- CD Complex. The dissolution study of Glipizide _- CD complex shows significant increase in the drug release than pure drug. Matrix Glipizide _- CD complex tablet complex equivalent to 10 mg Glipizide were prepared by using Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Carboxy methyl cellulose sodium (NaCMC) and Microcrytalline cellulose (MCC). The tablets were evaluated for various tests like hardness, friability, disintegration and in-vitro dissolution studies.

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Zheng, Ting, Guanhui Wang, Nuo Xu, et al. "Preparation and Properties of Highly Electroconductive and Heat-Resistant CMC/Buckypaper/Epoxy Nanocomposites." Nanomaterials 8, no. 12 (2018): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8120969.

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Self-assembled buckypapers have been successfully prepared using sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder. The lowest resistivity that was reached was 0.43 ± 0.03 Ω·m, when the buckypapers were prepared by the same mass of CMC and carboxy-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A heat-resistant electroconductive nanocomposite with epoxy resin as the matrix and CMC/buckypapers as the reinforcement was fabricated by a resin impregnation molding technique. The effects of CMC/buckypaper layers on the conductivity, thermal stability, and mechanical and dynamic mechanical performance of the epoxy resin polymer nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that CMC/buckypapers hold great promise for improving the properties of nanocomposites, and the buckypapers’ performance can be enhanced by using modified CNTs to prepare them. The obtained nanocomposites showed an approximate 71.23% bending strength improvement (125.04 ± 5.62 MPa) and a 30.71% bending modulus improvement (5.83 ± 0.68 GPa), with an increased number of CMC/buckypaper layers. An enhanced degradation temperature and residual mass were also achieved for the nanocomposites when compared with a pure polymer. The nanocomposites with four CMC/buckypaper layers possessed the highest storage modulus (1934 MPa), which was approximately 60% higher than that of a neat polymer (1185 MPa). Therefore, CMC/buckypapers could be effectively used to manufacture heat-resistant electroconductive polymer nanocomposites with improved properties.

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Ibrahim, AO, OR Momoh, and MT Isa. "ENHANCEMENT OF GAMBE CLAY USING UN-FERMENTABLE POLYMERS FOR DRILLING MUD FORMULATION." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 1 (2016): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.15.

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There is availability and large deposits of bentonite (700 million tons in North Eastern part) in Nigeria but the clays had not been abundantly harnessed and enhanced with polymer for drilling fluid formulation because they are mostly composed of calcium montmorillonite. This work was aimed at enhancing Gambe clay using un-fermentable polymers (three carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) with different average molecular weight). The clay was obtained from Gambe town in Adamawa State, Nigeria, beneficiated for quartz removal, as well as enhancement with Na2CO3 (6 wt.%). The mineral and oxides composition of the clay was determined using X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analyses respectively, and finally used to formulate the drilling fluid. The effect of the polymer on the rheological and physico-chemical properties of the formulated drilling fluid was investigated employing FANN 35SA viscometer. It was found that the carboxy methyl cellulose enhanced the plastic viscosity from 1.5 cP to 34 cP and the apparent viscosity from 2.25 cP to 44 cP. The higher the average molecular weight of the sodium carboxy methyl cellulose the higher the apparent and plastic viscosities of the formulated fluid. Similarly, the resultant viscosities compared well with that of commercial standard of 15 cP and 14 cP of apparent and plastic viscosities respectively. The sets of data generated from this work is going to be very useful for water and oil/gas drilling operations. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.15

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31

Ranganathan, Sundhararajan, Rajalakshmi Gopalakrishnan, RESHMA Chittettu Shajimon, et al. "Formulation and Evaluation of Cosmetic Gel Using Maranta Arundinacea L." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, no. 5 (2023): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i5.6068.

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In this study an attempt was made to formulate cosmetic gel using Maranta arundinacea (arrowroot powder) Arrowroot contains flavonoids which is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, antibacterial properties from long time. It has earned a reputation as an elegant, lightweight, all-natural absorbent powder with added skin-nourishing, reduce oiliness, anti-inflammatory properties, anti-irritant properties and for treating wounds from historical times. The rhizome of the plant was processed to obtain arrowroot powder. The cosmetic gel was developed using two polymers carbopol 934 and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (sodium CMC) in different ratios as gelling agents using dispersion method. The formulated gel was evaluated for various physicochemical factors like physical appearance, homogeneity, spread ability, pH and viscosity measurements. Cosmetic gel prepared using carbopol 934 by dispersion method in 1: 5 ratio showed better results in all parameters compared with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose. The best formulation F3 was tested for its antimicrobial property against Staphylococcus aureus by comparing the zone of inhibition with the standard drug (Azithromycin) and blank gel. F3 formulation showed a zone of inhibition of 15.2 mm above the minimum inhibitory concentration. Stability studies for 3 months gave promising results. Thus, cosmetic gel of arrow root with Carbopol 934 in the ratio of 1:5 was found to be ideal gel for acne treatment and skin rejuvenating purpose. Keywords: Flavonoids, Rhizome, Staphylococcus aureus, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Zone of inhibition, Dispersion method.

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Saxena, Ankita, Gulab Tewari, and Shubhini Awasthi Saraf. "Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal patch of acyclovir utilizing inclusion phenomenon." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 47, no. 4 (2011): 887–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502011000400026.

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Mucoadhesive buccal patch releasing drug in the oral cavity at a predetermined rate may present distinct advantages over traditional dosage forms, such as tablets, gels and solutions. A buccal patch for systemic administration of acyclovir in the oral cavity was developed using polymers hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (K4M), hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (K15M), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and poly vinyl pyrolidone (K30), plasticizer poly ethylene glycol (400) and a backing membrane of Eudragit (RL100). The films were evaluated in terms of swelling, residence time, mucoadhesion, release, and organoleptic properties. The optimized films showed lower release as compared to controlled drug delivery systems. Hence, an inclusion complex of acyclovir was prepared with hydrophilic polymer hydroxylpropyl beta-cyclodextrin in the molar ratio of 1:1. The inclusion complex was characterized by optical microscopy, FAB mass spectroscopy, and FTIR spectroscopy. Patches formulated with the acyclovir inclusion complex were evaluated along the same lines as those containing acyclovir alone. The in vitro release data revealed a substantial increase from 64.35% to 88.15% in the case of PS I and PS II batches, respectively, confirming the successful use of inclusion complexes for the formulation of buccal patch of acyclovir.

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Xu, Mingsheng, Chen Dong, Jiahui Xu, et al. "Fluorinated carbon dots/carboxyl methyl cellulose sodium composite with a temperature-sensitive fluorescence/phosphorescence applicable for anti-counterfeiting marking." Carbon 189 (April 2022): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2021.12.077.

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Yan, Xiao, Yongquan Zhang, Kai Zhu, et al. "Enhanced electrochemical properties of TiO2(B) nanoribbons using the styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose water binder." Journal of Power Sources 246 (January 2014): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.072.

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Zhang, Rongyu, Xu Yang, Dong Zhang, et al. "Water soluble styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose binder for ZnFe2O4 anode electrodes in lithium ion batteries." Journal of Power Sources 285 (July 2015): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.100.

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36

Ge, Bao Liang, Qing Li, Jie Liu, Yan Xiong Fu, and Guang Hua Hu. "Roughing Conditions Research to Recover a Nickel Ore." Advanced Materials Research 813 (September 2013): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.234.

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The ore from Jingping contains 0.634% nickel, 0.329% copper, 0.047% cobalt, 30.18% SiO2and 19.72% MgO. In order to obtain satisfying beneficiation results, a lot of tests were taken out before, and this article main focus on roughing flotation conditions. Finally find that when the sodium carbonate dosage is 2000g/t, carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC) dosage is 200g/t, sodium silicate dosage is 100g/t, the combinational effect can depressing the gangue minerals as well as the slime. The final concentration contains 3.03% nickel, 2.01% copper and 2.40% cobalt, the recovery of the nickel, copper and cobalt is 73.03%, 92.58%, 77.62% respectively.

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Pals, D. T. F., and J. J. Hermans. "Sodium salts of pectin and of carboxy methyl cellulose in aqueous sodium chloride. III. Potentiometric titration." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 71, no. 5 (2010): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19520710513.

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38

Akash, Vemuri, and P. Shailaja. "In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Cevimeline HCl Fast Dissolving Films." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 04 (2023): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.4.16.

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The primary aim and objective of the present work was to formulate the cevimeline HCl fast-dissolving films and assess the films, a pharmaceutical compound utilized for the management of xerostomia symptoms linked to Sjogren’s disease. Fast-dissolving films of cevimeline HCl were formulated by utilizing the solvent casting technique and the sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, HPMC E5, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were used as film-forming agents. Additionally, polyethylene glycol 600 and sodium starch glycolate were used as a super disintegrant and plasticizers. The formulation contains citric acid and stevia powder, which serve the purpose of stimulating saliva and providing sweetness, respectively. This study focused mainly on the development and assessment of cevimeline HCl fast-dissolving films, specifically examining parameters such as film thickness, folding resistance, drug content, air bubble entrapment, and film curling. The obtained results were found to be consistent with the preset ranges established for these parameters. The drug release from the fast-dissolving films formulated with PVP K30 was 99.91% released within 5 minutes timeframe. The results indicates that the films prepared with PVP K30 show enhanced solubility, rate of dissolution, flexibility, and tensile strength in comparison to the films formulated with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, HPMC E5 and Polyvinyl alcohol. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies were done to characterize the pure drug, polymers and to C11 the optimized formulation. These findings indicated, no observed incompatibilities among the drug and polymers utilized in this study. Moreover, in-vivo investigations were conducted on optimized formulation C11, which demonstrated its notable stability.

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39

Jin, Yuchen, Lizhu Zhao, Ya Jiang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, and Zhiqiang Su. "Facile Synthesis of Dual-Network Polymer Hydrogels with Anti-Freezing, Highly Conductive, and Self-Healing Properties." Materials 17, no. 6 (2024): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17061275.

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We report the synthesis of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (PAMAA/CMC-Na) hydrogels, and subsequent fabrication of dual-network polymer hydrogels (PAMAA/CMC-Na/Fe) using as-prepared via the salt solution (FeCl3) immersion method. The created dual-network polymer hydrogels exhibit anti-swelling properties, frost resistance, high conductivity, and good mechanical performance. The hydrogel swells sightly when immersed in solution (pH = 2~11). With the increase in nAA:nAM, the modulus of elasticity experiences a rise from 1.1 to 1.6 MPa, while the toughness undergoes an increase from 0.18 to 0.24 MJ/m3. Furthermore, the presence of a high concentration of CMC-Na also contributes to the enhancement of mechanical strength in the resulting hydrogels, ascribing to enhanced physical network of the hydrogels. The minimum freezing point reaches −21.8 °C when the CMC-Na concentration is 2.5%, owing to the dissipated hydrogen bonds by the coordination of Fe3+ with carboxyl (-COO−) in CMC-Na and PAMAA. It is found that the conductivity of the PAMAA/CMC-Na/Fe hydrogels gradually decreased from 2.62 to 0.6 S/m as the concentration of CMC-Na rises. The obtained results indicates that the dual-network hydrogels with high mechanical properties, anti-swelling properties, frost resistance, and electrical conductivity can be a competitive substance used in the production of bendable sensors and biosensors.

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Yao, Yao, Zhenbing Sun, Xiaobao Li, et al. "Effects of Raw Material Source on the Properties of CMC Composite Films." Polymers 14, no. 1 (2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14010032.

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Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can be derived from a variety of cellulosic materials and is widely used in petroleum mining, construction, paper making, and packaging. CMCs can be derived from many sources with the final properties reflecting the characteristics of the original lignocellulosic matrix as well as the subsequent separation steps that affect the degree of carboxy methyl substitution on the cellulose hydroxyls. While a large percentage of CMCs is derived from wood pulp, many other plant sources may produce more attractive properties for specific applications. The effects of five plant sources on the resulting properties of CMC and CMC/sodium alginate/glycerol composite films were studied. The degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in leaf-derived CMC was from 0.87 to 0.89 and from 15.81 to 16.35 MPa, respectively, while the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength in wooden materials-derived CMC were from 1.08 to 1.17 and from 26.08 to 28.97 MPa, respectively. Thus, the degree of substitution and resulting tensile strength tended to be 20% lower in leaf-derived CMCs compared to those prepared from wood or bamboo. Microstructures of bamboo cellulose, bamboo CMC powder, and bamboo leaf CMC composites’ films all differed from pine-derived material, but plant source had no noticeable effect on the X-ray diffraction characteristics, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra, or pyrolysis properties of CMC or composites films. The results highlighted the potential for using plant source as a tool for varying CMC properties for specific applications.

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Fei, Jie, Qianqian Sun, Yali Cui, Jiayin Li, and Jianfeng Huang. "Sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose and polyacrylic acid binder with enhanced electrochemical properties for ZnMoO4·0.8H2O anode in lithium ion batteries." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 804 (November 2017): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.09.061.

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42

Anjani, Sabrina, Fiqri Nurfadillah, Ester Angeline, et al. "Implementation of Fuzzy Logic on Adding Sodium Bicarbonate and Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) Concentrations to the Texture of Wet Noodles." Journal of Applied Science, Technology & Humanities 2, no. 1 (2025): 94–103. https://doi.org/10.62535/g57ddv54.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify appropriate concentrations of sodium bicarbonate and CMC in order to produce wet noodles with textures preferred by consumers. The steps used in this study are to conduct a literature study to obtain data in the form of input variables, namely sodium bicarbonate and Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC), and output, namely texture. The input variables are fuzzified, and then the fuzzy rules and inference are determined by Mamdani and defuzzification methods. Data processing using the Mamdani method is carried out with the help of the Matlab application. The result of this study is the formulation of sample 1 with the addition of 0.6% sodium bicarbonate and 0.2% CMC and sample 2 with the addition of 0.6% sodium bicarbonate and 0% CMC, which are recommended to consumers because they produce the preferred texture of wet noodles.

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Jeslin D, Panneerselvam P, Vijayamma G, Suryasree Y, Siddeswari T, and Nithyakalyani K. "Novel drug delivery system of Lycopene: Preparation and in-vitro investigation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Life Sciences 9, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijprls.v9i1.1397.

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Compared to pharmaceutical drugs, herbal medications have known to be more affordable and better for the treatment of many diseases but are less effective and not targeted. Therefore, the use of innovative drug delivery devices to distribute herbal drugs is very helpful in enhancing their release, potency and operation. Lycopene was introduced into the muco-adhesive microspheres. Using sodium alginate, carbopol 934, and sodium CMCC, mucoadhesive microspheres were prepared (carboxy methyl cellulose). The prepared microspheres had been evaluated for its physical and physicochemical parameters, invitro release. The prepared microspheres showed consistent physicochemical parameters, release sustained to 8hrs. Herbal drugs can preferably be delivered using novel drug delivery systems after proper chemical and biological standardization.

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Rahman, SM Moshiur, Tushar Saha, Zia Uddin Masum, and Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury. "Evaluation of Physical Properties of Selected Excipients for Direct Compressible Tablet." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20, no. 1 (2017): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v20i1.32091.

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Excipients play important roles in the manufacturing of direct compressible tablet. The physical properties of excipients like flow properties, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility and diameter of particles are the most important studies which should be taken under consideration. Excipients like lactose, ludipress, avicel, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and maize starch are used and found that PEG 4000, avicel PH-101, ludipress and sodium lauryl sulfate showed an angle of repose below 400 which indicates good flow properties and others are not. The highest compressibility value is obtained from lactose and compressibility value was lowest for PEG 4000. It was found from the average diameter of excipients that sodium starch glycolate is very fine graded powder because all particles pass through a sieve (100 mesh) and the highest value is obtained from PEG 4000.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 34-38, 2017

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Nagendrakumar, D., S. B. Shirsand, MS Para, and CK Makadia. "Design and Evaluation of Metoprolol Tartrate Containing Buccal Tablets." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2012): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11787.

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Metoprolol tartrate is a selective ?-1 adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of the cardiovascular system, especially hypertension. It is readily and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but is subjected to considerable first- pass metabolism having half-life of 3 to 4 hr. It has 12% oral bioavailability. These physicochemical properties of metoprolol tartrate (undergoing considerable first- pass metabolism, low molecular weight) make it suitable candidate for administration by buccal route. Bilayered buccal tablets of metoprolol tartrate were prepared by direct compression method using combinations of polymers (carbopol 934p along with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, sodium alginate and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K4M), using mannitol as a channeling agent and ethyl cellulose as a backing layer. The tablets were evaluated for physical and biological parameters. Among the 15 formulations, the formulation FA1 containing sodium alginate (34.00% w/w of matrix layer), Carbopol 934p (6.0% w/w of matrix layer) and mannitol (channeling agent, 8.0% w/w of matrix layer) was found to be promising, which showed t25%, t50%, t70% values of 0.42, 2.45, 4.48 hr respectively and in vitro drug release of 86.04% in 8 hr along with satisfactory bioadhesive strength (5.00±0.10 g). Stability studies on the promising formulations indicated that there are no significant changes in drug content and in vitro dissolution characteristics (p<0.05). Infra-redspectroscopic studies indicated that there are no drug-excipient interactions. The prepared buccal tablets of metoprolol tartrate could stay in the buccal cavity for a longer period of time, which indicate a potential use of mucoadhesive tablets of metoprolol tartrate for treating blood pressure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11787 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 101-108, 2011 (December)

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Nikam, Pratiksha, Dr Sanjay B. Bais Dr.Sanjay B. Bais, and Dr Javesh K Patil. "Formulation and Evaluation of Apple Peel and Goldensealroot Combine Extract Gel." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 2 (2025): 118–26. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-1002118126.

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This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of gel formulations combining extracts of Apple peel and Goldenseal, known for their potent phytochemical properties. Various gelling agents including Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), and Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (Na CMC) were employed at varying concentrations to develop stable gels. The formulations were characterized for homogeneity, pH, viscosity, extrudability, and spreadability. The in vitro release profile of the gels was assessed using Franz diffusion cells, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested using the disc diffusion method, while lipid peroxidation inhibition and pyrogallol red bleaching assays were conducted to explore the antioxidant potential of the formulations. Stability studies were performed under accelerated conditions to ensure the preservation of physical and chemical properties over time. The optimized formulations demonstrated promising therapeutic potential, attributed to the bioactive constituents— such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids—present in the extracts. The results suggest that these gels could be effective in dermatological applications, offering antioxidant, antimicrobial, and stability benefits.

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Janardhan, Dumpeti, Sreekanth Joginapally, Bharat V., and Rama Subramaniyan P. "Formulation and Evaluation of Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery System for Ofloxacin." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 2, no. 1 (2009): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2009.2.1.6.

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The purpose of this investigation was to prepare a gastroretentive drug delivery system of Ofloxacin. Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial which acts by inhibiting the topoisomerase enzyme which is essential in the reproduction of the bacterial DNA. It is highly soluble in acidic media and precipitates in alkaline media thereby losing its solubility. Hence, a gastroretentive system was developed to enhance the bioavailability by retaining it in the acidic environment of the stomach. Different formulations were formulated using various concentrations of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. The formulations were evaluated for quality control tests and all the physical parameters evaluated are within the acceptable limits of Indian Pharmacopoeia. All the formulations were subjected to in-vitro dissolution studies and compared with the marketed formulation. The floating lag time was below 15 seconds for all the formulations except F1 and F2. The floating duration was found to be more than 24 hours in all except F1, F2 and F10. Formulations F7 and F8 were used to study the effect of sodium bicarbonate and formulations F9 and F10 for the effect of hardness on the drug release. Drug release kinetics was studied for prepared formulations and optimized formulation F5 was found to follow zero order kinetics with r2 =0.993. The statistical analysis of the parameters of dissolution data obtained before and after storage for 3 months at 25°C/ 60%RH and 40°C/75%RH showed no significant change indicating the two dissolution profiles were similar.

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Lee, Sung Woo, and Jun Heok Lim. "Recovery of Magnesium Oxide and Magnesium Hydroxide from the Waste Bittren." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 1019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.1019.

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The recycling of magnesium chloride brines via a multi-step chemical reaction and precipitation process has been studied in waste bittern from a salt purification plant. In this study, the rates of particle (magnesium hydroxide) growth, the effects of initial concentration of reactants and optimum condition of reaction to make high purity magnesium hydroxide were investigated. Produced magnesium hydroxide was separated and washed using carboxy methyl cellulose as sedimentation agent, and used sodium stearate to prevent particle from aggregating. The mean particle size of obtained high quality magnesium hydroxide are 5 μm and concentration is 99.5%.

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G. Dinesh Chandra and B. Thejovathi. "Formulation And In Vitro Evaluation Of Mesalazine Sustained Release Matrix Tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Care Research 12, no. 4 (2024): 339–50. https://doi.org/10.61096/ijphr.v12.iss4.2024.339-350.

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The aim of the present study was to develop sustained release formulation of Mesalazine to maintain constant therapeutic levels of the drug for over 12 hrs. HPMC-K 200 M, Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Grewia gum, Almond gum were employed as polymers. All the formulations were passed various physicochemical evaluation parameters and they were found to be within limits. Where as from the dissolution studies it was evident that the formulation (F9) showed better and desired drug release pattern i.e., 99.9% in 12 hours. It contains the HPMC-K 200 M 1:1as sustained release material. It followed Zero order release kinetics mechanism.

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Ahmed, Jwan, Dina Boya, and Hunar Kamal. "Formulation of a fast-dissolving oral film using gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose." Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 24, no. 3 (2020): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2020.040.

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Abstract:

Background and objective: Orally disintegrating film is a solid dosage form made as an alternative for tablets for pediatric and geriatric patients who have difficulty in swallowing. These formulations are designed to dissolve in the mouth rapidly upon contact with saliva. This study aimed to prepare a thin oro-dispersible film base that can withstand handling in which a drug can be incorporated to provide a new dosage form. Methods: The solvent casting method was used to prepare the films, in which the ingredients were mixed, dissolved, and cast in a Petri dish. Then, they were left to dry in the oven overnight. Different concentrations of each of the two polymers alone and combined in different ratios were compared using different concentrations of plasticizer. Results: Successful, transparent films were prepared from gelatin and glycerin. A combination of 70% gelatin and 30% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with glycerin formed an acceptable film having white color. The film forming capacity of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose alone was not good. All films were tearing and not well formed. All films that contain polyethylene glycol were brittle. Both superdisintegrants reduced the disintegration time for both films, but kyron was more effective than sodium starch glycolate. Conclusion: A successful oral film was prepared using different types of polymers, which is suitable for incorporating a potent drug to form a new dosage form that is easily portable and does not require water for swallowing. Keywords: Fast dissolving oral film; Gelatin; Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose; Solvent casting method.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose'

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