Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sodium channels – Animal models

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sodium channels – Animal models'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sodium channels – Animal models"

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Wood, John N., and Federico Iseppon. "Sodium channels." Brain and Neuroscience Advances 2 (January 2018): 239821281881068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212818810684.

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In 2000, with the completion of the human genome project, nine related channels were found to comprise the complete voltage-gated sodium gene family and they were renamed NaV1.1–NaV1.9. This millennial event reflected the extraordinary impact of molecular genetics on our understanding of electrical signalling in the nervous system. In this review, studies of animal electricity from the time of Galvani to the present day are described. The seminal experiments and models of Hodgkin and Huxley coupled with the discovery of the structure of DNA, the genetic code and the application of molecular ge
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Crotti, Lia, Katja E. Odening, and Michael C. Sanguinetti. "Heritable arrhythmias associated with abnormal function of cardiac potassium channels." Cardiovascular Research 116, no. 9 (May 19, 2020): 1542–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvaa068.

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Abstract Cardiomyocytes express a surprisingly large number of potassium channel types. The primary physiological functions of the currents conducted by these channels are to maintain the resting membrane potential and mediate action potential repolarization under basal conditions and in response to changes in the concentrations of intracellular sodium, calcium, and ATP/ADP. Here, we review the diversity and functional roles of cardiac potassium channels under normal conditions and how heritable mutations in the genes encoding these channels can lead to distinct arrhythmias. We briefly review
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Hargus, Nicholas J., Aradhya Nigam, Edward H. Bertram, and Manoj K. Patel. "Evidence for a role of Nav1.6 in facilitating increases in neuronal hyperexcitability during epileptogenesis." Journal of Neurophysiology 110, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 1144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00383.2013.

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During epileptogenesis a series of molecular and cellular events occur, culminating in an increase in neuronal excitability, leading to seizure initiation. The entorhinal cortex has been implicated in the generation of epileptic seizures in both humans and animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy. This hyperexcitability is due, in part, to proexcitatory changes in ion channel activity. Sodium channels play an important role in controlling neuronal excitability, and alterations in their activity could facilitate seizure initiation. We sought to investigate whether medial entorhinal cortex (mEC)
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Honoré, Per Hartvig, Anna Basnet, Pernille Kristensen, Lene Munkholm Andersen, Signe Neustrup, Pia Møllgaard, Laila Eljaja, and Ole J. Bjerrum. "Predictive validity of pharmacologic interventions in animal models of neuropathic pain." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.06.002.

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AbstractIntroductionThe pathophysiologic and neurochemical characteristics of neuropathic pain must be considered in the search for new treatment targets. Breakthroughs in the understanding of the structural and biochemical changes in neuropathy have opened up possibilities to explore new treatment paradigms. However, long term sequels from the damage are still difficult to treat.Aim of the studyTo examine the validity of pharmacological treatments in humans and animals for neuropathic pain.MethodAn overview from the literature and own experiences of pharmacological treatments employed to inte
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Svajdova, S., and M. Brozmanova. "Regulation of Cough by Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Airway Sensory Nerves." Acta Medica Martiniana 18, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acm-2018-0012.

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Abstract Chronic cough is a significant clinical problem in many patients. Current cough suppressant therapies are largely ineffective and have many dangerous adverse effects. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies for chronic cough treatment may lead to development of novel effective antitussive therapies with fewer adverse effects. The experimental research in the area of airway sensory nerves suggests that there are two main vagal afferent nerve subtypes that can directly activate cough – extrapulmonary airway C-fibres and Aδ-fibres (described as cough rec
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Takahashi, Hakuo. "Upregulation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-Ouabain System in the Brain Is the Core Mechanism in the Genesis of All Types of Hypertension." International Journal of Hypertension 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/242786.

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Basic research using animal models points to a causal role of the central nervous system in essential hypertension; however, since clinical research is technically difficult to perform, this connection has not been confirmed in humans. Recently, renal nerve ablation in humans proved to continuously decrease blood pressure in resistant hypertension. Furthermore, when electrical stimulation was continuously applied to the carotid baroreceptor nerve of human adults, their blood pressure lowered. These findings promoted the concept that the central nervous system may actually be involved in the pa
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Tiwari, Swasti, Shahla Riazi, and Carolyn A. Ecelbarger. "Insulin's impact on renal sodium transport and blood pressure in health, obesity, and diabetes." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 293, no. 4 (October 2007): F974—F984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00149.2007.

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Insulin has been shown to have antinatriuretic actions in humans and animal models. Moreover, endogenous hyperinsulinemia and insulin infusion have been correlated to increased blood pressure in some models. In this review, we present the current state of understanding with regard to the regulation of the major renal sodium transporters by insulin in the kidney. Several groups, using primarily cell culture, have demonstrated that insulin can directly increase activity of the epithelial sodium channel, the sodium-phosphate cotransporter, the sodium-hydrogen exchanger type III, and Na-K-ATPase.
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Liu, Zhonghua, Qi Zhu, Tianfu Cai, Ze Wu, Jing Li, Dan Li, Weiwen Ning, et al. "260. Hainantoxin-III Inhibits Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Nav 1.7 and Extenuates Inflammatory Pain in Animal Models." Toxicon 60, no. 2 (August 2012): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.261.

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Bett, Glenna C. L. "Hormones and sex differences: changes in cardiac electrophysiology with pregnancy." Clinical Science 130, no. 10 (April 1, 2016): 747–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20150710.

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Disruption of cardiac electrical activity resulting in palpitations and syncope is often an early symptom of pregnancy. Pregnancy is a time of dramatic and dynamic physiological and hormonal changes during which numerous demands are placed on the heart. These changes result in electrical remodelling which can be detected as changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG). This gestational remodelling is a very under-researched area. There are no systematic large studies powered to determine changes in the ECG from pre-pregnancy, through gestation, and into the postpartum period. The large variability b
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Góra, Małgorzata, Anna Czopek, Anna Rapacz, Anna Dziubina, Monika Głuch-Lutwin, Barbara Mordyl, and Jolanta Obniska. "Synthesis, Anticonvulsant and Antinociceptive Activity of New Hybrid Compounds: Derivatives of 3-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165750.

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The present study aimed to design and synthesize a new series of hybrid compounds with pyrrolidine-2,5-dione and thiophene rings in the structure as potential anticonvulsant and antinociceptive agents. For this purpose, we obtained a series of new compounds and evaluated their anticonvulsant activity in animal models of epilepsy (maximal electroshock (MES), psychomotor (6 Hz), and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure tests). To determine the mechanism of action of the most active anticonvulsant compounds (3, 4, 6, 9), their influence on the voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sodium channels – Animal models"

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Jeffs, Graham J. "The effect of sodium/calcium exchanger 3 (NCX3) knockout on neuronal survival following global cerebral ischaemia in mice." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0063.

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Cerebral ischaemia is a leading cause of disability and death world-wide. The only effective treatments are thrombolytic therapy (plasminogen activator; tPA) and hypothermia (33?C). However, tPA has limited clinical application due to its short therapeutic time window and its specific application in thrombo-embolic stroke. Moderate hypothermia (33?C) is only being used following cardiac arrest in comatose survivors. Hence more treatments are urgently required. The first step in developing new treatments is the identification and characterisation of a potential therapeutic target. Since brain d
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Giblin, Kathryn Anne. "Is epilepsy a preventable disorder? New evidence from animal models." Yale University, 2010. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-03052010-144943/.

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Epilepsy accounts for 0.5% of the global burden of disease, and primary prevention of epilepsy represents one of the three 2007 NINDS Epilepsy Research Benchmarks. Efforts to understand and intervene in the process of epileptogenesis have yielded fruitful preventative strategies in animal models. This article reviews the current understanding of epileptogenesis, introduces the concept of a "critical period" for epileptogenesis, and examines strategies for epilepsy prevention in animal models of both acquired and genetic epilepsies. As proof of principle, we investigated whether early preventat
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Latcham, Shena L. "Effects of treprostinil sodium in a monocrotaline-induced rat model of pulmonary hypertension." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4288.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. "May 2005" Includes bibliographical references.
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Danielsson, Christian. "Role of the hERG-channel in arrhythmia and teratogenicity studies in animal models and the human embryonic heart /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-831-0/.

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Matricon, Julien. "Étude de l'implication du Nerve Growth Factor et des Acid-Sensing Ion Channels dans l'hypersensibilité colique induite par le butyrate chez le rat." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719685.

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Le syndrome de l'intestin irritable (SII) touche près de 10% de la population. Nous avons utilisé un modèle animal de SII induit par le butyrate développé au laboratoire afin de décortiquer les mécanismes de l'hypersensibilité colique (HSC) dans le SII. Le blocage du NGF par des anticorps anti-NGF prévient l'HSC induite par le butyrate, évaluée par le test de distension colorectale. Le NGF, quantifié par immunohistochimie (IHC), est surexprimé dans les ganglions rachidiens dorsaux (GRD) innervant le côlon des rats butyrate. Le blocage des canaux ASIC par amiloride prévient l'HSC induite par le
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Cano, García Jordi. "Prediction of the effects of drugs on cardiac activity using computer simulations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/164094.

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[ES] Las enfermedades cardiovasculares siguen siendo la principal causa de muerte en Europa. Las arritmias cardíacas son una causa importante de muerte súbita, pero sus mecanismos son complejos. Esto denota la importancia de su estudio y prevención. La investigación sobre electrofisiología cardíaca ha demostrado que las anomalías eléctricas causadas por mutaciones que afectan a canales cardíacos pueden desencadenar arritmias. Sorprendentemente, se ha descubierto una gran variedad de fármacos proarrítmicos, incluidos aquellos que usamos para prevenirlas. Las indicaciones de uso de fármacos actu
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Katayama, Isis Akemi. "Hipertrofia miocárdica induzida por consumo elevado de sal na dieta: avaliação do sistema renina-angiotensina e do efeito da N-acetilcisteína." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-11082014-111422/.

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As doenças cardiovasculares são a maior causa de morte no mundo e entre essas doenças, a hipertrofia cardíaca (HC) tem se destacado especialmente por ser um fator de risco de insuficiência cardíaca. A HC é um fenômeno que acompanha a hipertensão arterial e no qual se observa aumento de proteínas estruturais e contráteis dos cardiomiócitos, havendo muitas vezes concomitantemente aumento do colágeno intersticial. Fatores independentes da pressão arterial também podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento da hipertrofia cardíaca. Dentre estes fatores, a sobrecarga de sal na dieta tem se destacado. Di
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Nogueira, Priscila Seravalli Calmon. "Sobrecarga e restrição de cloreto de sódio durante a gestação: repercussão sobre a estrutura cardíaca e renal no neonato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-20052016-110245/.

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Introdução: Diversos estudos indicaram consequências de alterações na nutrição materna durante a gestação sobre a saúde da prole adulta, tais como: hipertensão, doenças cardiovasculares, resistência à insulina, diabete melito e doença renal. No entanto, a literatura é pobre em avaliações decorrentes de modificações nutricionais maternas sobre a prole logo após o nascimento. Métodos: Ratas Wistar durante o período gestacional foram alimentadas com dieta hipossódica (HO - 0,15% de NaCl), normossódica (NR - 1,3% de NaCl) ou hipersódica (HR - 8% de Na Cl). Após o nascimento, nas primeiras vinte e
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Serrão, Joana Maria Monteiro. "Validation of voltage-gated sodium channels from dorsal root ganglia neurons as a pharmacological target for the treatment of chronic pain." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/22288.

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Tese de mestrado, Bioquímica, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2015<br>A capacidade de um indivíduo percecionar estímulos dolorosos é de extrema importância. Ao sentir ou associar uma situação a uma experiência dolorosa, o indivíduo pode adotar posturas protetoras, de forma a evitar possíveis danos causados pela situação eminente e/ou futuras situações semelhantes. Os mecanismos moleculares inerentes à deteção de estímulos (mecânicos, térmicos ou químicos) e capazes de codificar dor pelos neurónios sensoriais primários (nocicetores) integram o fenómeno de nociceção. Contudo, em s
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Leonard, Allison M. "Salt sensitivity in C57 and eNOS knockout mice /." 2005.

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Books on the topic "Sodium channels – Animal models"

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(Editor), Stephan Frings, and Jonathan Bradley (Editor), eds. Transduction Channels in Sensory Cells. Wiley-VCH, 2004.

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Bradley, Jonathan, and Stephan Frings. Transduction Channels in Sensory Cells. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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Bradley, Jonathan, and Stephan Frings. Transduction Channels in Sensory Cells. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2005.

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Stephan, Frings, and Bradley Jonathan 1961-, eds. Transduction channels in sensory cells. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004.

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Rich, Mark M. Critical Illness Neuropathy, Myopathy, and Sodium Channelopathy. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0033.

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Skeletal muscle weakness is a common problem that complicates recovery from critical illness. The primary causes of weakness include neuropathic disorders, myopathic disorders, and mixed disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that reduced excitability of the nerve and muscle cell membranes might contribute to weakness during the acute stages of the polyneuropathy and myopathy encountered in critically ill patients. In both tissues, an acquired sodium channelopathy can lead to increased inactivation of channels, leading to inexcitability an paralysis. Experimental sepsis models have demons
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Felling, Ryan J. Targets for Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0111.

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Cerebral ischemia or hypoxia-ischemia initiate a cascade of biochemical events including impaired reuptake of glutamate into perisynaptic glia causing glutamate flooding, calcium fluxing through NMDA glutamate channels, activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthetase, and impaired mitochondrial ATP production. In animal models it is possible to block these steps and protect the brain but the temporal window of protection after the insult lasts only a few hours. Recombinant TPA is clinically protective if given within 3 hours of stroke, but other agents have not been shown to protect brain tissu
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Book chapters on the topic "Sodium channels – Animal models"

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Gilchrist, John, Baldomero M. Olivera, and Frank Bosmans. "Animal Toxins Influence Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Function." In Voltage Gated Sodium Channels, 203–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41588-3_10.

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Scheuer, Todd. "Bacterial Sodium Channels: Models for Eukaryotic Sodium and Calcium Channels." In Voltage Gated Sodium Channels, 269–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41588-3_13.

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Zhorov, Boris S. "Structural Models of Ligand-Bound Sodium Channels." In Voltage-gated Sodium Channels: Structure, Function and Channelopathies, 251–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/164_2017_44.

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Kosower, Edward M. "Structural and Dynamic Molecular Models for Sodium Channels." In Molecular Biology of Neuroreceptors and Ion Channels, 413–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74155-5_36.

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Fliegel, Larry, and Morris Karmazyn. "The Use of Transgenic Animal Models to Study Na+/H+ Exchange." In The Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger, 109–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0427-6_7.

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Oh-Hora, Masatsugu, and Xiuyuan Lu. "Function of Orai/Stim Proteins Studied in Transgenic Animal Models." In Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells, 107–26. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017. | Series: Methods in signal transduction series: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315152592-6.

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"7. Molecular Models for Sodium Channels." In Molecular Mechanisms for Sensory Signals, 237–69. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400887088-010.

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Meneton, Pierre. "Animal Models of Abnormal Sodium Handling." In Sodium in Health and Disease, 201–16. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781420020946-11.

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FOX, LYLE, ATSUSHI UEDA, BRETT BERKE, I.-FENG PENG, and CHUN-FANG WU. "Movement Disorders in Drosophila Mutants of Potassium Channels and Biogenic Amine Pathways." In Animal Models of Movement Disorders, 487–504. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012088382-0/50045-1.

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Bernal, Antonio, Javier Mahía, and Amadeo Puerto. "Animal Models of Central Diabetes Insipidus: Oxytocin and Low-Sodium Diets as Complementary Treatments." In Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases - An Effective Therapeutic Strategy. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69538.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sodium channels – Animal models"

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Usov, Eduard V., Ivan G. Kudashov, Sergey A. Zhigach, Anton A. Butov, Nikolay A. Pribaturin, Sergey I. Lezhnin, Ruslan V. Chalyy, Sergey E. Yakush, and Uliya Vinogradova. "Coupled Code SOCRAT-BN Development for Safety Analysis of Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54316.

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SOCRAT-BN is a software package to simulate design and severe accidents of sodium-cooled fast reactors. The package consists of modules for calculating damage to the reactor’s core, thermohydraulic processes and neutron physics. The thermohydraulic module has been developed to calculate one- and two-phase flows in channels with different geometry and bundles. The module is based on a two-fluid model for equal pressures of phases. In this paper we present an explanation of the deciding constitutive models for equations used in the system. Validation of the module was performed on the experiment
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Nina, Yue, Ma Zaiyong, Hu Benxue, Suizheng Qiu, and Guanghui Su. "Validation of THACS for Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor Based on Benchmark Analysis of EBR-II." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30485.

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In this paper the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the primary loop of the Experimental Breeder Reactor (EBR-II), including the temperature and the flow characteristics of the core, the intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) and the experiment subassembly XX09 and XX10, were analyzed with the transient thermal-hydraulic code THACS. The THACS code contains the core, the pumps, IHX, the sodium pool and some other modules, and each module could operate separately. All of the primary–loop components are simulated one-dimensional, and in the core calculation the incompressible model for the single p
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Tanaka, Masaaki, and Satoshi Murakami. "Development of Numerical Estimation Method Using Spatial Connection Methodology for Thermal Striping in Upper Plenum of Reactor Vessel of an Advanced Loop-Type Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor in Japan." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67876.

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Thermal striping on the core instrumentation plate (CIP) at the bottom of the upper internal structure (UIS) of an advanced loop-type sodium-cooled fast reactor in Japan (Advanced-SFR) has been numerically investigated. At the top of the core below the CIP, the sodium at high temperature flows out from the fuel subassemblies (FSs) and the sodium at low temperature flows out from the primary control rod (PCR) and backup control rod (BCR) channels, and also the radial blanket fuel subassemblies (RBFSs) at the outer side of the core. In order to predict the thermal striping on the CIP caused by m
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Sadr, R., Z. Zheng, M. Yoda, and A. T. Conlisk. "An Experimental and Modeling Study of Electroosmotic Bulk and Near-Wall Flows in Two-Dimensional Micro- and Nanochannels." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42917.

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Electrokinetically driven flow of electrolyte solutions through micro- and nanochannels is of interest in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and nanotechnology applications. In this work, fully developed and steady electroosmotic flow (EOF) of dilute sodium tetraborate and sodium chloride aqueous solutions in a rectangular channel where the channel hight h is comparable to its width W is examined. EOF is also studied under conditions of electric double layer (EDL) overlap, or λ/h ∼ O(1), where λ is the Debye thickness, for very dilute solutions. The initial experimental data and model resul
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Liu, Yang, Hong Yu, and Yizhe Liu. "Thermal-Hydraulic Study of Wire-Wrapped Blanket Assembly of CEFR." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15739.

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The blanket assemblies of China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) were specially designed for the purpose of fuel breeding. There are two parts of the blanket assembly that have significant influence on its thermal-hydraulic feature: the labyrinth throttle set and the wire-wrapped fuel bundle. In this paper, the flow and temperature distribution of sodium coolant in fuel bundle, as well as the pressure drop in the labyrinth throttle set were investigated by solving the three-dimensional conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy, for a wide range of Reynolds number. Different turbulent
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Marshall, Lauren, Andra Frost, Tim Fee, and Joel Berry. "Assembly and Characterization of 3D, Vascularized Breast Cancer Tissue Mimics." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14199.

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Drug development platforms such as two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture systems and in vivo animal studies do not accurately predict human in vivo effectiveness of candidate therapeutics [1]. Cell culture systems have limited similarities to primary human cells and tissues as only one cell type is employed and animal studies have a generally limited ability to recapitulate human drug response as different species have differences in metabolism, physiology, and behavior. Mike Leavitt, a former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, has stated that “currently, nine out of ten experim
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Emerson, David R., and Robert W. Barber. "Designing Efficient Microvascular Networks Using Conventional Microfabrication Techniques." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18312.

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The ability to fabricate networks of micro-channels that obey the biological properties of bifurcating structures found in nature suggests that it is possible to construct artificial vasculatures or bronchial structures. These devices could aid in the desirable objective of eliminating many forms of animal testing. In addition, the ability to precisely control hydraulic conductance could allow designers to create specific concentration gradients that would allow biologists to correlate the behavior of cells. In 1926, Murray found that there was an optimum branching ratio between the diameters
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Pacio, J., M. Daubner, T. Wetzel, I. Di Piazza, M. Tarantino, D. Martelli, and M. Angelucci. "Experimental Nusselt Number in Rod Bundles Cooled by Heavy-Liquid Metals." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82213.

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Abstract:
A detailed safety assessment of innovative Generation IV reactor designs with heavy-liquid metal coolants, such as lead and lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), requires an evaluation of the maximum core temperature in several postulated scenarios. Considering the complex geometry of fuel assemblies (FAs), and the low Prandtl number of the coolants, this flow scenario is challenging for the models used in numerical simulations, e.g. for relating the turbulent transport of momentum and heat. Thus, reliable experimental data are needed for validation. In recent years, a series of comprehensive heat tran
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