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Rönkä, S. (Sami). "Administration and management of software licenses in a heterogeneous environment:the case of global license service administration." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201305201323.
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This work presents a solution developed for the case company to help in license service management and license usage tacking for both system administrators and license owners or end users. The thesis first covers the basics for licenses and different licensing models used in Research and Development environments. It continues with a study of available tools for license management and usage reporting and their suitability for large enterprises. Based on this and discussions with the case company a solution is derived for the case company. The developed solution consists of a toolset for end users of the license and for the administrators of the license services and servers. Processes to be used in the tool and in practice in the company are defined together with the future users of the solution. The processes are introduced in this thesis along with the implemented supporting functionality in the tool itself. The solution helps the end users and administrators with customer management, license service management and change management. It also provides simple methods for license usage statistics, which are developed to be easily upgradable or changeable by modular design. This in turn enables changing just the usage reporting part of the tool, when planning new functionalities to cover new requirements expected to come later due to large organizational changes in the companyTämä työ esittelee ratkaisun, joka on kehitetty auttamaan esimerkkiyhtiötä lisenssipalveluiden hallinnassa ja lisenssien käyttöraportoinnissa. Ratkaisu on kehitetty palvelemaan sekä lisenssijärjestelmien ylläpitäjiä, että lisenssien organisationaalisia omistajia ja loppukäyttäjiä. Työssä käydään ensin läpi lisenssien perusteet ja erilaiset lisensointimallit, jotka ovat yleisimmin käytössä tutkimus- ja tuotekehitysyksiköissä. Sitten arvioidaan olemassa olevien lisenssinhallinta- ja käyttöraportointityökalujen soveltuvuutta suurille yhtiöille. Tämän ja esimerkkiyhtiön kanssa käytyjen keskusteluiden perusteella valittiin sopivin ratkaisu, joka myös toteutettiin osana ratkaisua. Tehty ratkaisu koostuu työkaluista loppukäyttäjille sekä lisenssipalveluiden ja palvelimien ylläpitäjille. Myös työkalussa sekä käytännön työssä käytettävät prosessit määritettiin yhdessä työkalun tulevien käyttäjien kanssa. Nämä prosessit esitellään työssä yhdessä niitä tukevien työkalujen toiminnallisuuksien kanssa. Kehitetty ratkaisu auttaa sekä loppukäyttäjiä että ylläpitäjiä asiakashallinnan, lisenssipalveluiden hallinnan ja muutoksenhallinnan avulla. Kehitetty järjestelmä tarjoaa yksinkertaiset työkalut lisenssipalveluiden käyttöraportointiin. Nämä työkalut sekä niiden rajapinnat ovat suunniteltu helposti vaihdettaviksi sekä päivitettäviksi modulaarisella suunnittelulla. Tämän ansiosta ainoastaan käyttöraportointi voidaan rakentaa paremmin tai kokonaan uusiksi tarvittaessa, kun suunnitellaan uusia ominaisuuksia tarjoamaan työkaluja uusille vaatimuksille, joita oletettavasti on tulossa myöhemmin johtuen suurista organisaatiomuutoksista esimerkkiyhtiössä
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Söderlund, Joakim. "Managing Free Software Projects." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-22106.
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Developing as free software is a powerful and popular way to create software. Many successful projects such as Apache, GNU/Linux and Mozilla Firefox were created as free software. In this degree project we will take a close look at how to manage free software projects. A free software project named Shaskel will also be set up as a practical example.
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Zhang, Hailing. "Comparison of Open Source License Scanning Tools." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97921.
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We aim to determine the features of four popular FOSS scanning tools, FOSSology,FOSSA, FOSSID(SCAS), and Black Duck, thereby providing references for users tochoose a proper tool for performing open-source license compliance in their projects.The sanity tests firstly verify the license detection function by using the above tools toscan the same project. We consider the number of found licenses and scanned sizes asmetrics of their accuracy. Then we generate testing samples in different programminglanguages and sizes for further comparing the scanning efficiency. The experiment datademonstrate that each tool would fit different user requirements. Thus this project couldbe considered as a definitive user guide.
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Shaya, Bashar. "Process handling : A study for optimizing the processes for sourcing IT and managing software licenses." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99177.
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During a six-month period, the author has studied, observed and analyzed the situation within Skanska ITN, headquartered in Haga Norra, Sweden. Licenses and supplier relationships and management of these are areas Skanska ITN, which delivers and manages IT services and products to Skanska AB, would like to have investigated and analyzed. The problem reveals itself in the current situation because there is no process for managing software asset management (SAM), i.e. management of licenses and software. There are significant savings to be made when it comes to managing licenses and dealing with suppliers. The purpose of this paper is to identify the processes in dealing with the sourcing of licenses, products and services related to IT and to propose a suitable recommendation that can be adopted by Skanska ITN and the SAM processes. During the study the author found several factors such as lack of responsibility and a defined purpose of the SAM process, which had been defined by the global IT department (GSU IT). These were affecting the parties involved and their work tasks regarding sourcing and purchasing licenses. Three suggestions for improvements and implementations have been presented and these are: Connect the SAM and purchase relationship with IT roadmaps and Enterprise Architecthure (EA) Initiate a common platform as a forum for sharing documents and agreements which can be stored and managed by the SM3 model Examine and analyze the licenses and agreements within the current situation. To be able to perform this a common policy and purpose must be defined for a SAM tool.Under en sexmånadersperiod har författaren studerat, observerat samt analyserat situationen på Skanska ITNs huvudkontor i Haga Norra, Stockholm. Licenser och inköpsrelationer och hantering av dessa är områden som Skanska ITN, vilka leverarar och förvaltar IT tjänster och produkter för Skanska AB, vill ha undersökta och analyserade. Problemet grundar sig i att det i dagsläget ej finns en process för att hantera software asset management (SAM), i.e. hantering av mjukvara och licenser. Det finns betydande besparingar att göra när det kommer till att hantera licenser och relationer med leverantörer. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att identifiera potentiella processer för att hantera inköp av licenser, produkter och tjänster relaterade till IT, samt rekommendera en kvalificerad lösning som kan anammas av Skanska ITN och SAM processerna, vilken kan identifiera svagheter och brister och optimera dessa. Under studiens gång fann författaren faktorer såsom brist på ansvarsområden och syfte med den SAM process som hade definierats av den globala IT avdelningen (GSU IT), vilken påverkar inblandade parter och dess arbetsområden. Tre förslag till förbättringar och implementationer har presenterats och dessa är: Koppla SAM och inköpsrelationen mot IT roadmaps och Enterprise Erchitecture (EA) Initiera en gemensam plattform i form av ett forum där delning av dokument och avtal kan lagras vilken kan förvaltas av SM3 modellen Inventera samt analysera de licenser och avtal som existerar i dagsläget och de som bör omförhandlas. För att det ska kunna ske måste ett syfte och direktiv vara aktuellt för vilket SAM verktyg som ska användas.
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Magalhães, Thásia da Silva Oliveira. "A criação no ciberespaço e as licenças autorais alternativas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18218.
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This research has as objective to approach questions related to intellectual property in the cyberspace, mapping the different points of view about the theme. It presents in a succinct way the origin of the author's concept in the western history, and the current conflict of the multiple authorship existence possibility in the cyberspace. It analyses the use of alternative licenses to author's protection and finally the production of immaterial wells. The approach adopted is multi-disciplinary, doesn't ignore the current legal order, but investigate the characteristics of the cyberspace, as well the repercussions in the law. It confronts the authorship's protection in the digital media and the concept of immaterial wells. The studied authors are, among others: Paul Edward Geller, Lawrence Lessig, Yochai Benkler e Siva Vaidhyanathan. It highlights the concept of proprietary software, free software and its variations. It considers the viability of the copyright current alternatives, in particular the Creative Commons project, the GNU project and the BSD project
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo levantar questões relacionadas à propriedade intelectual no ciberespaço, mapeando os diferentes pontos de vista sobre o tema. Apresenta de forma sucinta a origem do conceito de autor na história ocidental, e o atual conflito da possibilidade da existência da múltipla autoria no ciberespaço. Analisa o uso das licenças alternativas de proteção do autor e por fim a produção de bens imateriais. A abordagem adotada é multidisciplinar, que não ignora o atual ordenamento jurídico, mas investiga as características do ciberespaço, bem como as repercussões sobre o Direito. Confronta a proteção da autoria nas mídias digitais e o conceito de bens imateriais. Os autores estudados são, entre outros: Paul Edward Geller, Lawrence Lessig, Yochai Benkler e Siva Vaidhyanathan Destaca o conceito de software proprietário, software livre e seus desdobramentos. Considera a viabilidade das alternativas atuais de direito autoral, nomeadamente o Projeto Creative Commons, o Projeto GNU e o Projeto BSD
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Lipták, Aleš. "Software Asset Management v bankovním sektoru." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72523.
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Currently, operation of companies is entirely dependent on information and communication technologies (ICT) which are used across all indfustries. There are bigger demands that are placed on the management of individual assets, while software is the most problematic from this perspective. It is necessary for companies to pay sufficient attention to this issue, because there is a high risk of financial penalties in case of its failure. The first objective of this thesis is to provide basic characteristics of Software Asset Management (SAM) belonging to Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), which is one of the few adressing this area in an entirely way. This objective is default condition for achieving the second objective, where will be analyzed specific case of software asset management in the banking sector. On the basis of the analysis will be accepted proposals for implemention of best practises of SAM. The third objective is enrichment of previous proposals by parts of request for proposal, which are focused on detailed specification of the required functionality of software tools according to SAM. The all tasks will be achieved through the study of relevant sources and through techniques that help with analysis and definition of the future state. The benefits of thesis are in to identification of gaps within software asset management, which obtained through employee survey. The second contribution is to propose changes in the form of specific steps that should help to bring more efficiency to the current state. The last contribution is to summarise new pieces of knowledge, which are extending this issue by information focused on large organisations.
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Jeníček, Michal. "Licence firmy Microsoft ve firemním segmentu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72741.
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Correct and financially optimal covering of licensed software is one of the aims of all companies. Microsoft Corporation offers a wide range of software products and also various types of license financing that significantly affect their financing. License models stating the correct rules of using the licenses for software groups are also very specific and require a thorough understanding of its principles. These two areas include a range of partial aspects that are to be considered from the point of view of company benefit. However, a complex view combining license programs and license models is equally important. Hence the issue of license management is problematic not only for the management of the company, but also for the IT specialists. This thesis embeds the issue of licensing into the frame of strategic IT planning and by means of annotated principles, descriptions of everyday situations and accentuating details significantly affecting licensing provides a perspective of the issue that has not been dealt with in such an elaborate way so far. The aim of this thesis is to provide a complex analysis of license programs and models, their principles and possibilities. In many companies, a detailed knowledge and understanding of the issue of Microsoft licensing is very important. Therefore, this thesis provides some specific output instances in the form of both financial and functional comparison of individual licensing programs. The crucial services of license programs and characteristics of license models are investigated in detail and subject to critical evaluation for purposes of utilization in companies of various sizes and types.
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Heřman, Karel. "Problematika licenčních smluv." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11289.
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This work concerns with possibilities of licensing. There are mentioned advantages and disadvantages of particular models. Further on, the prediction of future situation in the IT market, new techniques, trends and reasons of these changes are introduced. Work addresses to both types of software -- proprietary software and Open Source software. Next part of work deals with software piracy and problems, which are connected with it. In second part of the work are theoretical knowledge converted into practice. There is examined license politics of Microsoft and possibilities which are offered to different customers. The final part concerns with two firms which operate on Czech market. There is a view to licenses, which are owned by firms, followed by recommendation of optimization.
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Holý, Michal. "Analýza trendů IS z pohledu uplatnění nových technologií s orientací na open source." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194035.
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The theme of this thesis is to analyze current technological trends with a focus on open source software in terms of relevance and importance for enterprises. The main objective is to evaluate the current status of open source software for Czech enterprises and characterize the progress based on data from 2010 and 2015. The thesis describes the basic forms of software used by companies which are further categorized based on the functionality and usability. The specifics of open source software and its licenses are defined. Subsequently the selection of specific open source licenses, generally perceived views on their use and the status of open source software in various stages of its existence are described. Analytical part describes the results of the author's survey in Czech enterprises in terms of open source software application for 2015. The results are compared with data from 2010 and appropriate conclusions are defined. Finally, the hypotheses are connected with the results of the author's survey, data comparison, available open source methodologies and other sources for an overall assessment of the situation in the Czech Republic.
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Vion, Anne-Lucie. "Gestion du patrimoine logiciel et Cloud Computing." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM019/document.
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Dans le Cloud, peu de travaux traitent de l’analyse de l’usage réel et dynamique des logiciels consommés afin de déterminer les coûts réels engendrés et le respect des droits acquis auprès des fournisseurs de ces ressources. L’émergence de la pratique du Software Asset Management (SAM) traduit pourtant la préoccupation grandissante des industriels et des ‘Telcos’ (Entreprises de télécommunications) face à la complexité des modèles de licences dans des environnements virtualisés qui bouleversent nos usages de logiciel.La réponse des éditeurs de logiciel est souvent une incitation à ne plus suivre la consommation de licences, par le biais de contrats onéreux de consommation illimitée, rendant impossible une politique de maîtrise des coûts. Pour les utilisateurs finaux comme pour les fournisseurs de services cloud, il devient impératif de maîtriser et d’optimiser le déploiement des licences dans le Cloud.L’objectif devient celui de maitriser les besoins logiciels, au plus proche du temps réel, puis de générer des scénarii d’optimisation basés sur l’évolution de la consommation en modélisant les coûts réels afférents. Cela représente un levier de gains considérables pour tous les acteurs du cycle de vie du logiciel.Le contexte d’étude couvre l’ensemble du scope du Cloud (applications, plateformes, infrastructures et réseaux). Les travaux présentés ici s’attache à reconstituer tout le cycle de vie du logiciel, de l’achat jusqu’à la désinstallation, en intégrant les contraintes liées à sa nature ou à son usage. Nous proposons de résoudre le verrou majeur de l’identification du logiciel et de ses droits d’usage par la création et le suivi d’un tag.Nous proposons également une modélisation innovante s’appuyant sur une base de données graphe qui permet d’intégrer l’instantanéité des changements de configuration, de prendre en compte les différentes responsabilités impliquées par les niveaux de services offerts, tout en offrant la souplesse nécessaire pour supporter à la fois des modèles de licence classiques, ou à l’usage.Deux cas d’usages seront envisagés pour juger de la pertinence des modèles proposés : la gestion des licences dans un contexte de Plateforme as a Service (PaaS) et dans un cas de virtualisation de réseau (NFV)Bout Cloud, only few works deals with dynamic and real usage analyse of deployed software in order to determine the true related costs, and licensing compliance with acquired rights from the software editors.However, the emergence of Software Asset Management (SAM) shows the growing concerns of the industry and carriers facing the licensing model complexity especially in virtualized environments where the software usage is disrupted.Editor’s answer consists in proposing to stop following this consumption via very expensive illimited-usage contracts. It makes impossible implementation of true cost management policies. For final users like for cloud service providers, it is crucial to manage and optimize license deployment in cloud environments.The aim is first to control Software need, as close as possible to real time, then to generate optimization scenario based on consumption evolution by cost modelization.It represents a valuable saving leverage and may let spring up new licensing model, more profitable for each software lifecycle’s stakeholders.Usage context covers all scope of Cloud (application, infrastructure and network). Our works propose to rebuild the Software life-cycle, from procurement to deinstallation, encompassing the constraints of it nature and usages. We propose to solve software identification issue by creation and monitoring of tags.Additionally, we propose an innovative modeling based on a graph database which allows instant integration of configuration changes, to take into account the different level of responsibility induced by the different level of granted services. It offers enough flexibility to handle classical licensing models as use-based model which are often more attractive for cloud-users.Two use-cases will be developed to evaluate our models ‘efficiency : the software licensing management in PaaS (Plateform as a Service) context and in NFV environments (Network Function Virtualization)
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Kučera, František. "Možnosti využití svobodného a otevřeného softwaru pro podnikání." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19060.
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The subject of this thesis is open source software and free software in term of utilization for business. The goal is to provide conditions and areas suitable for using of open source software and free software. The theoretical part gives basic terms, a list of organizations active in this area, classification of free software and a comparison of particular free software licenses. The practical part includes results of two inquiries of free software using: 1) personally made inquiry in Czech firms, 2) Internet inquiry of users. Further, a search of available free programmes has been made -- in term of utilization. The main benefit of the work is an evaluation of business opportunities for free software in particular utilization areas and determination of business models suitable for them. In the framework of this work, the author made an Internet portal on free software - to make the results of the work and external sources available to the public.
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Östlund, Joel, and Filip Eriksson. "Evaluation of Software License Management Frameworks for Grid Environments : The Four Ts for Agile Systems." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Ekonomiska informationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104419.
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Business Agility could be the means to survive in a competitive environment of continuous andunanticipated change and to respond quickly to rapidly changing, fragmenting global markets that are catered by competitors. To leverage the potential benefits of Business Agility, many companies use Information Technology as a major force for augmenting their agility. The topic of increasing Business Agility through Information Technology has been pervasively studied in research papers. And in the context of this thesis, we will investigate research papers in order to develop an evaluation model for facilitating making informed decisions regarding agile Information Systems in computational Grid environments. The Information Systems in this thesis will focus on license management systems, which is an intricate but coherently integrated blend of many different modules compiled as a technical solution that enables software license management. We will use our evaluation model to compare license management frameworks, easily grasped as a draft for a license management system, for Grid environments and also underpin it with a case study on an in-use license management system in order to strengthen its business applicability. The research was conducted as a qualitative comparison and a case study, combining both research papers and a real business context in order to fulfill the goals and purposes of this thesis. The results of the analysis implies that most of the license management frameworks for Grid environments lacks various details needed for making a feasible implementation in a certain business context, whilst those that have been trialed in a real business situation fulfilled almost every aspect of our evaluation model. The conclusion drawn is that our evaluation model is a seemingly good start for making informed decisions when choosing or designing an agile license management system for Grid environments
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Macek, Jáchym. "Návrh úloh správy softwarových aktiv." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203917.
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Diploma thesis Design of software asset management tasks is focused on area of software asset management in business sector. In a time of still accelerating development of information and communication technologies is Software asset management (SAM) important component of ICT business management. Financial risks of failure to comply licensing terms or rules of licensing often exceed the value of owned software. However, the essence of SAM is not only in eliminating the financial risks, but also in enhancing ICT security or gaining competitive advantage while respecting the SAM principles. Main goal of this thesis is to analyze software asset management and design tasks to reference model of ICT management MBI. This theses is divided into two parts. First part characterizes SAM, licensing and related topics. First part is based on specialized sources and information from literary research. The output is a comprehensive summary of this issue, which serves as theoretical base for next part of this thesis. Second part is devoted to designing the task of Software asset management, the task of Software audit and defining its links to other objects in the MBI model. Furthermore, this thesis creates new objects like roles, methods or documents. Second part is based on theoretical base which was created in the first part and from consultations with IT field experts. The outputs are tasks which are implemented in the MBI model. Goal is fulfilled after creating these outputs. The benefits of this thesis are mostly the tasks extending MBI model and offering best practice for software asset management and software audit. Outcomes of this thesis should help users of reference model and IT community in general.
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Vendome, Christopher. "Assisting Software Developers With License Compliance." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153779.
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Open source licensing determines how open source systems are reused, distributed, and modified from a legal perspective. While it facilitates rapid development, it can present difficulty for developers in understanding due to the legal language of these licenses. Because of misunderstandings, systems can incorporate licensed code in a way that violates the terms of the license. Such incompatibilities between licensing can result in the inability to reuse a particular library without either relicensing the system or redesigning the architecture of the system. Prior efforts have predominantly focused on license identification or understanding the underlying phenomena without reasoning about compatibility in a broad scale. The work in this dissertation first investigates the rationale of developers and identifies the areas that developers struggle with respect to free/open source software licensing. First, we investigate the diffusion of licenses and the prevalence of license changes in a large scale empirical study of 16,221 Java systems. We observed a clear lack of traceability and a lack of standardized licensing that led to difficulties and confusion for developers trying to reuse source code. We further investigated the difficulty by surveying the developers of the systems with license changes to understand why they first adopted a license and then changed licenses. Additionally, we performed an analysis on issue trackers and legal mailing lists to extract licensing bugs. From these works, we identified key areas in which developers struggled and needed support. While developers need support to identify license incompatibilities and understand both the cause and implications of the incompatibilities, we observed that state-of-the-art license identification tools did not identify license exceptions. Since these exceptions directly modify the license terms (either the permissions granted by the license or the restrictions imposed by the license), we proposed an approach to complement current license identification techniques in order to classify license exceptions. The approach relies on supervised machine learners to classify the licensing text to identify the particular license exceptions or the lack of a license exception. Subsequently, we built an infrastructure to assist developers with evaluating license compliance warnings for their system. The infrastructure evaluates compliance across the dependency tree of a system to ensure it is compliant with all of the licenses of the dependencies. When an incompatibility is present, it notes the specific library/libraries and the conflicting license(s) so that the developers can investigate these compliance warnings, which would prevent distribution of their software, in their system. We conduct a study on 121,094 open source projects spanning 6 programming languages, and we demonstrate that the infrastructure is able to identify license incompatibilities between these projects and their dependencies.
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Andersson, Tobias, and Mattias Martinson. "Licenshantering : - Är företag medvetna om sin licenshanteringssituation?" Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1940.
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I ett samhälle där upphovsrätten och immaterialrätten blir allt mer uppmärksammad är det viktigt för företag att vara medvetna om sitt innehav av licenser för mjukvaror. I detta arbete kommer företags medvetenhet om deras licenshanteringssituation att undersökas. I den här rapporten kommer problemställningen att undersökas med hjälp av intervjuer med företag. Dessa intervjuer kommer att ske via telefon och per e-post. Ett liknande arbete har tidigare inte gjorts och därför känns det relevant samt intressant att göra denna undersökning.
Arbetet resulterade i intervjusvar från 11 företag. Det visade sig att företagens medvetenhet om deras licenshantering varierade stort, vilket även att storleken på företagen och innehav av en policy för licenshantering bland företagen gjorde. Metoden för licenshantering och licensinventering skiljde sig åt bland företagen.
Ett flertal program, tillammans med pärmar och Excel-listor var de dominerande licenshanteringsmetoderna bland företagen. Mjukvarutillverkarna och deras intresseorganisationer däribland BSA ställer krav på att företag som använder deras licensierade programvaror skall ha en strukturerad licenshantering. De ser gärna att företagen följer någon vedertagen metod för detta, en sådan metod är Software Asset Management, SAM.
Det är svårt att rekommendera någon licenshanteringsmetod och program som fungerar för samtliga företag, då användandet av dessa är väldigt företags- och organisationsspecifikt. De flesta större mjukvaror som finns i dagsläget följer en vedertagen metod för licenshantering och fungerar därmed bra att tillförlitligt inventera licenser med.
In a community where copyright and intellectual property law is getting more attention in the media, it is important for companies to be aware of their possession of software licenses. In this thesis we are going to investigate the awareness of the software licensing situation in some companies. To collect data that can be analyzed, we are interviewing companies. The interviews are performed by phone or e-mail. A similar report hasn’t been done before therefore it’s an interesting subject to look at.
The interviews resulted in answers from 11 companies. The answers showed that the awareness about software licensing among the companies had big variations. Some other things that varied among the companies were the size of the companies and the usage of software licensing policy within the companies. The way and method of handling software licensing also varied among the companies.
A lot of software programs, along with folders and Excel-lists dominated the method of handling software licenses among the companies. Software developing companies together with their interest organization for example BSA has demands on companies using their software to have a foreseeable documentation for the software licenses. They gladly see that the companies uses a best practice method to manage their license possessions, one best practice method is Software Asset Management, SAM.
It is hard to recommend a method for software license management to a non-specific company, because every company has a unique organization and computer network structure. Most of the big license management software is following a best practice method for software license management.
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Kacher, Benjamin Lawrence. "Commercial Computer Software License Rights in Defense Acquisition." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1566105.
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The tremendous growth of the commercial software industry in the United States represents an excellent opportunity for the United States Department of Defense ("DoD") to acquire quality software products that will help the DoD achieve its missions. However, the DoD struggles to acquire commercial computer software ("CCS") and commercial computer software documentation ("CCSD") effectively because of the inconsistencies and contradictions found in its rules governing the acquisition of CCS and CCSD.
The DoD's rules governing the acquisition of CCS and CCSD appear simple on the surface and represent an admirable attempt to enable the DoD to more easily acquire CCS and CCSD in the commercial marketplace and to allow commercial vendors to sell their products to the DoD. However, these rules contain many unseen inconsistencies and problems and therefore lead to many areas of confusion and even contradiction.
The primary purpose of this paper is to find ways to help the DoD and CCS vendors work together more effectively, by explaining the DoD's rules governing acquisition of CCS and CCSD, explaining fourteen primary problem areas associated with the acquisition of CCS and CCSD and, finally, by exploring potential solutions to these problems.
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Brewer, John VIII. "The Effects of Open Source License Choice on Software Reuse." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32778.
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Previous research shows that software reuse can have a positive impact on software de-
velopment economics, and that the adoption of a specific open source license can influ-
ence how a software product is received by users and programmers. This study attempts
to bridge these two research areas by examining how the adoption of an open source li-
cense affects software reuse. Two reuse metrics were applied to 9,570 software packages
contained in the Fedora Linux software repository. Each package was evaluated to deter-
mine how many external components it reuses, as well as how many times it is reused
by other software packages. This data was divided into subsets according to license type
and software category. The study found that, in general, (1) software released under a
restrictive license reuse more external components than software released under a per-
missive license, and (2) that software released under a permissive license is more likely
to be reused than software released under a restrictive license. However, there are ex-
ceptions to these conclusions, as the effect of license choice on reuse varies by software
category.Master of Science
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Bielik, Branislav. "Systém pro podporu managementu softwarových aktiv." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235521.
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This work deals with software asset management, types of managed software licenses and also the standards that are related to processes of software asset management. There are specified requirements for a system for SAM (Software Asset Management) and also the design of the system. It deals with the description of the system implementation with the chosen implementation environment, followed with testing of this system and evaluation of results.
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Sabino, Vanessa Cristina. "Um estudo sistemático de licenças de software livre." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-14032012-003454/.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo apresentar as licenças de software livre mais importantes, sob a luz dos seus principais aspectos jurídicos e da inter-compatibilidade, de forma a auxiliar pessoas envolvidas no desenvolvimento de software a compreender as implicações destas licenças ao fazer uso delas em seus projetos. A dissertação contextualiza as licenças, tanto no tocante à legislação brasileira, quanto no que diz respeito às restrições de licenciamento, de forma a viabilizar a análise de compatibilidade que se segue. Casos de projetos proeminentes de software livre cujo desenvolvimento foi afetado pelas implicações mencionadas ilustram a investigação, que é complementada por uma análise de ferramentas e metodologias existentes que auxiliam na gestão dos aspectos de licenciamento.The purpose of this Master thesis is to present the most common free software licenses, regarding their main legal and inter-compatibility aspects, to help people involved in software development understand the implications of these licenses when using them in their projects. It contextualizes the licenses, both in terms of the Brazilian legislation, and regarding licensing restrictions, to make the subsequent compatibility analysis possible. Cases of free and open source software in which development was affected by the mentioned implications illustrate the research, and it is complemented by an analysis of existing tools and methodologies that assist in the management of licensing issues.
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Wheeler, Sharon A. "Software Engineers: License, Certify or Classify ? Modeling Practitioners Through SPECS." NSUWorks, 2005. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/916.
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Although the title "Software Engineer" is widely used throughout industry, each software practitioner who bears the title is not a software engineer by many standards. In many instances, people believe that "Software Engineer" is a euphemism for a "programmer" who writes well-structured code while others believe it is about the software used by engineers. These suppositions expose the ignorance about the historical and legal meaning of "Engineer". Furthermore, the general use of the designation "Engineer" by other non-engineering professions has resulted in weakening the title. Licensing and certification are two possible methods to restrict the use of and restore respectability to the title "Software Engineer ". Unfortunately, efforts to license and certify software engineers have led to debate, controversy and opposition throughout the software community.
This dissertation presumes that the debate over licensing and certification of software engineers is not truly a debate about licensing and certification but a debate about classification. This dissertation presents a system called SPECS (Software Practitioner Expert Classification System). The researcher suggests that a preliminary step prior to initiating the process of certification or licensing should be one of classification. The goal of classification is to associate the proper job title with the professional qualifications and services of the practitioner. The SPECS prototype has an underlying foundation in software engineering.
Eight key components are used to build the classification model. These components include initial professional education, accreditation, skills development, certification, licensing, professional societies, continuing education and code of ethics. The significance of this dissertation is through the research and development of the classification model and the decision support system SPECS, an organization is provided a standard method to properly classify software practitioners and thus identify software engineers that qualify for certification or licensing. In addition, the research contributes to the field of expert system validation, knowledge discovery and knowledge acquisition.
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Sun, Yuqi. "Utilizzo della tecnologia blockchain applicata alle licenze software." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21849/.
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Negli ultimi anni la blockchain ha attratto molto interesse da varie aziende e ricercatori, studiando i miglioramenti che una tecnologia come questa potrebbe avere in vari settori, da quello finanziario a quello medico o immobiliare. Abbiamo scelto una delle possibili aree di applicazione, la gestione delle licenze software, e ne abbiamo sviluppato un sistema basato sulla blockchain di Ethereum. La tesi inizierà con un’introduzione al concetto di blockchain, fornendo le conoscenze necessarie per comprendere questa tecnologia; in seguito, illustrerà il processo che ha portato alla costruzione di questo sistema e infine analizzerà i possibili vantaggi e svantaggi che la blockchain può offrire in un ambito come le licenze software.
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Obermajer, Miloslav. "Autorsko-právní ochrana počítačových programů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16604.
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Diploma thesis defines the elements of legal protection of copyright and intellectual property rights, which plays an important role in nowadays software development. It contains a general evaluation of the legal protection of copyright and its dynamics in the near future, which depends on the situation on the IT market, changes in the structure of customers, including their requirements. Maps the feedback between copyright law and the problems of business processes accompanying technical side of software development and modifications. Maps software links with third party products, development tools and its relationship to copyright issues. It describes distribution models and promotion to promote protection of computer programs.
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Chen, Songqing. "Development of a neural network based software package for the automatic recognition of license plate characters." Ohio : Ohio University, 1992. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172092299.
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Nilsson, Mats. "Open Source Business Models." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3950.
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This thesis is describing a business strategy of how to license a software product. The licenses discussed in this thesis are called open source licenses. The open source licenses have gained much attention lately by companies such as Microsoft, IBM, and Sun Microsystems. The reason for this is that some products considered being open source software are very widely used. These products include the most popular web server, the Apache web server, with more than 60% market share. 25% of the installed operating systems that are running Apache and other web servers are installed with Linux as operating system, which is also considered as open source software. These are only two examples of popular products that are considered as open source software products. These products are choices for many people and companies when choosing software to use, for example NASA. Open source licenses are called open in the way that the software is shipped not only in binary form, but also with the source code that can be modified and recompiled to suit the buyer’s need better. Apache web server and the Linux operating system are free for download, install, run and modify to suit your needs. In this thesis I will discuss whether these licenses can increase the chance of developing a successful product or not, in terms of market shares.Affärsmodeller kring öppen källkod diskuteras i denna magisteruppats. Det finns ett flertal programvaror byggd på öppen källkod som kan betraktas som framgångsrika om man avser antal användare eller hur stora marknadsandelar produkterna har. Diskussionen i magister uppsatsen kretsar därför om man kan öka sina chanser att utveckla framgångsrika produkter genom att använda sig av öppen källkod främst ur ett företags perspektiv som har vinstintresse.
Mats Nilsson Kabelgatan 13D 414 57 Göteborg
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Dathathri, Arvind, and Jules Lazare Atangana. "Countering Privacy-Invasive Software (PIS) by End User License Agreement Analysis." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5736.
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In our thesis we use a preventive approach to stop privacy-invasive software (PIS) from entering the system. We aim at increasing the user awareness about the background activities of the software. These activities are implicitly written in End User License Agreement (EULA). We are using a multi-layer user notification approach to increase the user awareness and help him make a good decision, which is in accordance with the European legal framework. A proof of concept tool is developed that will use the user preferences to present the EULA in a compact and understandable form thereby helping the user in deciding with the installation of a software.
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Krznaric, Anton. "License Management for EBITool." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10175.
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This degree project deals with license management for EBITool. It´s about providing protection and monitoring for a Java Application via a license server, and the construction of it. An analysis that discusses the approach and other possible courses of action is also included. Additionally, it covers a discussion of a prototype implementation of the model solution from the analysis. The prototype is a Java EE application that deploys to JBoss AS7. It´s developed using the JBoss Developer Studio 5.0.0, an Eclipse IDE with JBoss Tools preinstalled. It exposes web services to Java Applications through SOAP via JAX-WS. Using Hibernate, the web service Enterprise Java Beans get access to a PostgreSQL 9.1 database via entity classes mapped to the database through the Java Persistence API.
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Adelstrand, Carl, and Emil Brostedt. "Creating Competitive Advantage by Rethinking B2B Software Pricing." Thesis, KTH, Industriell marknadsföring, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188510.
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The choice of pricing model for software products is a complex procedure due to the different characteristics compared to physical products. This thesis investigates and compares software pricing models in a B2B setting, and describes how KAM plays a role in executing a pricing model. The research has been conducted as an opportunist case study on Adebro, a technology company in the B2B sector. The thesis have come to the following conclusions, with data from interviews and literature: Perpetual license is, and will continue to be, an attractive pricing model for Adebro. However, a subscription-based usage independent pricing model is also attractive for the future. Implications of switching pricing model would be largest when changing between a perpetual and subscription model, where revenue will have the most visual impact. The most important task for KAM is to communicate the change to current and new customers. KAM and the pricing model must also be structured to support each other to be successful. The thesis contributes to science by providing research on pricing models for manufacturing related software. However, studies concerning the weighting of importance for different pricing parameters would be of interest for the future.
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Ho, Wai Yiu. "License Plate Recognition algorithms and their application to Macao license plates." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2182850.
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Boisson, Alexis. "La licence de droit d'auteur." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10063.
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Le droit d'auteur – dont l'identité reste controversée – n'échappe pas à la discussion quant à la nature et au régime des contrats qui le mettent en œuvre. D'une terminologie légale ancrée dans une certaine tradition, mais hasardeuse, on infère l'originalité de l'ensemble des contrats de la matière. Or, la spécificité n'est sur ce point qu'apparente. De l'édition littéraire aux contrats de l'audiovisuel et aux œuvres diffusées sur les réseaux, l'analyse démontre que si l'auteur peut "céder" son œuvre – ce que dit la loi – il peut aussi la louer, c'est-à-dire en concéder la licence – ce qu'elle ne dit pas. Ce constat s'appuie sur une méthode de lecture renouvelée des contrats du droit d'auteur. L'attention portée par la loi impérative à certains contrats (édition, production audiovisuelle, etc.), a pu perturber l'étude de la licence, l'acte par lequel l'auteur se borne à autoriser l'exploitation de son œuvre pour un temps. Or, si la licence apparaît dans un premier temps en contrat spécial du droit d'auteur, elle sera également amenée à devenir la composante élémentaire d'un contrat complexe organisant une exploitation. Il importe donc de distinguer ces deux objets pour mieux en apprécier ensuite les interactions. Le droit d'auteur, droit "spécial", fait ainsi la preuve de son aptitude à accueillir - autant que de raison - les mécanismes du droit des contrats, droit "commun". Cette étude a pour ambition une meilleure compréhension de cette matière complexe des contrats du droit d'auteur, sans omettre le principal objectif de notre loi : la protection de l'auteurIn the field of the author's right (a concept with a controversial identity), the nature and regime of many contracts is a subject for debate. A traditional but somehow uncertain terminology has often led to infer the originality of most of these contracts. However, this peculiarity is only apparent. From literary publishing to audiovisual contracts through creations published on networks, not only can the author of a work "assign" it – as stated by the law – but also rent it, or in other words license it – even though the law does not state it. This observation rests on a renewed reading method applied to the author's right contracts. Focusing on some of these contracts (e. g. books publishing, audiovisual production, etc.), mandatory copyright law hindered the study of license itself, i. e. the act by which an author authorizes the exploitation of his work for a fixed time. License is a special contract in the field of author's right ; it is also a basis element in a complex agreement designed to organize an exploitation. These two objects should therefore be distinguished and their interactions thoroughly analysed. A "special" right, the author's right nevertheless proves able to host (to a certain extent) the typical process of contract right – a "common" right. The present study aims to attain a better understanding of a complex matter, the author's right contracts, not forgetting the main purpose of the law itself : the protection of the author
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Karlsson, Tobias, and Henrik Andersson. "The open source software alternative : Factors and their impact on the decision-making process at Swedish municipalities." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-225.
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Arguably, the Schumpeterian ideology of “creative destruction” saying that eventually even the most secure monopoly will be destroyed by a new technology, a new idea, or a shift in tastes could be applied to open source software. Currently, the proprietary software holds a strong position in the software market. Nevertheless, one could see a surge in articles and acceptance among organisations concerning open source software.
Proprietary software companies like Microsoft are still gaining ground within the Swedish municipalities. Although one get the impression that municipalities generally are positive toward open source software, the decision-making process often results in choosing a proprietary software alternative. However, one could question which are the underlying factors and to what extent are these factors affecting the decision-making process of municipalities integrating or migrating into open source software?
In order to study this phenomenon, we chose a quantitative approach using a questionnaire as the tool for data gathering. The sample consisted of 100 randomly selected municipalities. A pre study was made through an interview in order to strengthen the accuracy of the questionnaire which later on was sent out to the IT manager at each municipality in the sample.
The organisational-, environmental-, user- and system level are four main factors affecting the decision-making process concerning open source software. Among these, the organisational factor was the only one which had a significant negative impact on the decision-making process concerning open source software. The importance of being able to integrate different software increases the need for compatibility which, according to the IT managers, is facilitated using a standardized software environment offered by for example Microsoft.
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Hussain, Faisal Mateen & Irfan. "Automated Analysis of End User License Agreements." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5138.
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Context Spyware is “computer software that obtains information from a user's computer without the user's knowledge or consent” [25]. Spyware is often embedded in another application and is usually stated in End User License Agreement (EULA) [20]. However it is quite common to accept the EULA without even reading it. Therefore beside the traditional spyware analysis techniques, automated EULA analysis can be helpful for common users in order to identify the spyware [18]. Objectives The techniques of automated EULA analysis do exist however the process of taking a binary application, analyze it, and prepare it in order to extract the EULA has not been studied in existing research. There is a need for such a tool that can extract and analyze the EULA text from an installer binary without executing it. Objectives of this research are to investigate the techniques to unpack the binary file, extract the EULA, analyze it and present the analysis results to the end user. Methods In order to establish basic understanding of the related concepts preliminary study is done. In this study a number of article sources are used, including ACM Digital Library, Compendex, Inspec, IEEE Xplore, and Springer Link. Material has been selected after reading titles and summaries. Prototype of an open source tool is designed and developed. This tool extracts the EULA from executable binary installers, analyzes the extracted text and gives suggestions about legitimate level of the software. Results To evaluate our application we downloaded 150 executables from different web sites, which were already classified as bad or good by [23]. We used our tool to extract EULA text from executables. We were able to extract EULA from 48 percent of selected binary files. Analysis of extracted EULAs was also done to classify the software as good or bad. This analysis assists the user to make a decision to accept or reject the installation of software without reading even a single word of EULA. During the extraction and analysis process there was no significant impact on performance of the host system. Conclusion We conclude that EULA can be extracted from a binary file without executing it. However because of limited time it was not possible to extract EULA from all installer binaries. The rate of EULA extraction can be improved in future research.
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Dysart, Thomas. "Systems within systems : free and open source software licences under German and United States law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4632118c-1ef6-47b9-ac89-2b3c7889f881.
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Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) licences channel the exclusionary and individualising force of copyright to establish a qualitatively different, somewhat subversive, system for the exploitation of software. This thesis examines how it is that FOSS licences establish this 'system within a system' under both German and United States law. The inquiry begins with a detailed examination of FOSS licence templates as the instruments which transform code from its default position as the 'res' of proprietary relations to its status as 'open' or 'free'. The thesis then considers whether FOSS licence templates, as the legal basis for this subversive move, are valid and enforceable under domestic law. In addressing this question, the thesis undertakes a critical analysis of the leading case law in each jurisdiction. Going beyond the immediate case law, the thesis considers the broader systemic effects of FOSS licence enforcement. It highlights how building a system within a system foments certain tensions and contradictions within the law, in turn giving rise to unintended consequences and legal uncertainty. By highlighting these tensions, the thesis argues that the questions of FOSS licence enforcement in Germany and the United States may not be as settled as some may think.
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Klasina, Charikleia. "The application of Articles 81 and 82 EC Treaty to software copyright licences : a tool for moderating the exercise of copyright and fostering the European software industry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24784.
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The 1991 Software Directive was aimed at strengthening and expanding the European software industry, which at the time was anaemic compared to its counterparts in the USA and Japan. But the Software Directive has fallen short of creating an industry competitive on an international level. This thesis submits that a significant factor contributing to the software industry’s lacklustre performance is that legal protection of computer programs in the EU is too strong; and that vigorous application of EC competition rules to software copyright licences would further promote innovation, lead to greater consumer choice and contribute to the industry’s growth. The thesis first discusses the protection available to computer programs under EC law. Even though patent protection for software-implemented inventions is briefly reviewed, the focus is on software copyright as delineated in the Software and Information Society Directives. The Database Directive is also discussed: it is demonstrated that, notwithstanding the Directive’s exclusion of software from its subject matter, it is indeed possible for software components to qualify for protection under its scope. The sum of these three Directives is a legal regime overprotective of the software author’s rights. The thesis proceeds to analyse how software licensing terms are viewed through the prism of Article 81. The main source of guidance on this is the 2004 Technology Transfer Regulation, whose content and shortcomings are discussed at length. Next, the application of Article 82 to software licences is explored. The discussion of Article 82 revolves around two main issues. First, abusive licensing terms, such as excessive pricing and tying, dictated by dominant firms; the Commission’s decision chastising Microsoft for tying its Media Player to the Windows operating system is the best-known example of such behaviour and is examined in depth. Secondly, arbitrary licensing; the exceptional circumstances under which software producers are obliged to license a computer program are discussed in the light of Magill and IMS Health.
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Russell, Dave Alfanso. "Developing A Secure Web Service for License Management in StruSoft." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2877.
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As software increases in complexity and relies more on Internet and Web technology, the challenge of enabling interaction and communication between loosely coupled applications becomes increasingly vital. Distributed computing presents challenges to loosely coupled applications that require means with which to interact and communicate. There exist technologies that are aimed at solving these problems; Web service is one such technology. Web service is a relatively new and rapidly maturing technology in the area of distributed computing; it offers a standards-based way to exchange information in an interoperable manner. This thesis is done in partnership with StruSoft and attempts to provide a solution to their problem of distributed computing, by using Web service technology. The paper looks at distributed systems and various solutions to the problems associated with distributed computing. A comprehensive insight into Web service technology is provided, along with rationale as to why it is chosen for the project. In addition, there are guidelines as to how the necessary components of Web service are installed. Development of License Management Software is also a part of this thesis. The software offers a means with which to store and maintain data about customers and their licenses. Security is a major focus of this paper and thus extensively mentioned throughout. A detailedexplanation of computer security is presented, along with the necessary configurations that are needed to make the Web service and the License Management Software more secure.
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Koglin, Olaf. "Opensourcerecht die urheber- und schuldrechtlichen Beziehungen zwischen Lizenzgeber und Lizenznehmer bei Open-Source-Software am Beispiel der general public license (GPL)." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2006. http://d-nb.info/985886927/04.
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Alhiane, Rachid. "Les licences libres et open source : outil stratégique de création et de captation de valeur pour les éditeurs open source : vers un dispositif de veille sur les business models viables." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32056.
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Cette thèse présente un retour d’expérience sur le dispositif de veille et d’intelligence économique mise en place au sein de Marseille Innovation pour permettre aux éditeurs open source accompagnées dans sa pépinière d’entreprise de surveiller efficacement leur environnement pour y détecter des opportunités de développement. Ce projet s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une démarche globale, conduite par Marseille Innovation et ses partenaires pour structurer un réseau d’acteurs open source en PACA.Nous avons tout d’abord réalisé un état de l’art de la littérature open source en soulignant le paradoxe que pose le modèle open source pour les éditeurs qui choisissent d’utiliser les licences libres : l’adoption d’un modèle open source par certains éditeurs pour leurs logiciels permet une création de valeur pouvant être supérieure à celle générée dans le cadre de modèles propriétaires traditionnels, mais que cet avantage est contrebalancé par une dangereuse incertitude, quant à la captation de cette valeur, susceptible d’être récupérée par des concurrents n’ayant pourtant consentis aucun effort de développement et n’en ayant pas subis les coûts. Par la suite, nous avons présenté la naissance du logiciel libre comme le résultat des mutations de l’industrie informatique qui ont marqué le début des années 70, mutations qui ont fait passer le logiciel libre de la sphère publique à la sphère commerciale. En réaction, les défenseurs du logiciel libre ont inventé un système original de « licences publiques » pour protéger ces logiciels contre tout verrouillage technique ou légal de leur utilisation, de leur diffusion et de leur modification. Cependant, si ces licences publiques permettent de favoriser la création de valeur, à travers la coopération d’une communauté de programmeurs et la diffusion du logiciel, le caractère aléatoire de la rémunération dans le modèle open source a conduit les éditeurs à chercher et inventer de nouveaux « Bunisess Models » plus ou moins aléatoires, garantissant mieux leurs revenus.Partant des connaissances accumulées sur le modèle open source, nous avons par la suite exposé la démarche initiée par Marseille Innovation, en collaboration avec CCI de Marseille Provence et l’association Libertis, pour structurer un réseau d’acteurs open source en PACA. Cette démarche a abouti au lancement de plusieurs chantiers d’intérêt commun dont un sur la mise en place d’un dispositif de surveillance sur la filière open source.La stratégie adoptée pour mettre en place ce dispositif de surveillance consiste dans un premier temps à dresser un état de l’art des différentes approches théoriques et pratiques recensées sur le sujet dans la littérature SIC. Ensuite, une approche pragmatique de la veille a été choisie et les moyens organisationnels, processuels et techniques pour mettre en place ce dispositif de surveillance ont été étudiés. Des actions de sensibilisation à la veille et l’intelligence économique ont été également conduites auprès des membres du réseau et des startups open source accompagnées par Marseille Innovation, grâce à lesquelles des besoins en veille sont identifiés et des produits d’information sont élaborés pour permettre aux membres du réseau open source de suivre efficacement leur environnement. Des études de veille sont également réalisées pour répondre aux attentes des entreprises sur le mode de création et de captation de valeurs dans l’open source, les segments de marché porteurs, les licences informatiques et les business models qui en découlentThis thesis presents a feedback on the competitive intelligence device set up in Marseille Innovation to allow open source software editors housed in its business incubator, to effectively monitor their environment in order to detect new opportunities for development. This project is part of a comprehensive approach, led by Marseille Innovation and its partners to structure a network of open source companies in the PACA area (south of France).First, we achieved a state of the art of open source literature emphasizing the paradox posed by the open source model for software editors who choose to use free software licenses : the adoption of an open source model by some editors for their software allows a value creation that could be greater than that generated through traditional proprietary models, but this advantage is offset by a dangerous uncertainty as to the value capture, could be recovered by competitors who have yet made no programming effort to and not having incurred costs. Subsequently, we presented the birth of free software as the result of changes in the computer industry that marked the early '70s, changes which caused the passage of free software from non commercial/public sphere to commercial/private sphere. In response, defenders of free software have invented an original system of "public licenses" to protect these software’s against any technical or legal interlocking of their use, their distribution and their modification. However, if these public licenses allow to promote a value creation, through the cooperation of a community of programmers and software distribution, the randomness of remuneration in the open source model has led software editors to seek and invent new "Business Models" more or less random, to better ensure their income.Based on knowledge accumulated on the open source model, we have subsequently explained the approach initiated by Marseille Innovation, in collaboration with Marseille-Provence Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) and Libertis, to structure a network of open source companies in the PACA area. This approach led to the launch of several projects of mutual interest, including one on the setting-up of a monitoring device to monitor open source software industry.The approach adopted to setting-up this monitoring device consists in a first step to establish a state of the art of different theoretical approaches and practices identified in the information and communication sciences’ literature. Then, a pragmatic approach of monitoring has been chosen. Organizational means, processual and technical have been studied to set up this monitoring device. Raising awareness actions to competitive intelligence were also conducted with members of the network and open source startups coached by Marseille Innovation, through which information needs are identified and information products are developed to enable members of open source network to effectively monitor their environment. Bibliometric studies are also made to meet the expectations of open source companies on how to create and capture value in the open source software model, about promising market segments, software licenses and business models that result
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Brigido, Marcello. "Il Copyright Informatico: tutela dei diritti d'autore nella produzione e sviluppo di software." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Oggetto della tesi è l’analisi delle questioni legate alla tutela del diritto d’autore nell'ambito della creazione di software.
L’elaborato è strutturato in 5 capitoli.
Nel primo capitolo, partendo da alcuni specifici articoli del testo della legge 633/1941 sul diritto d’autore relativi alla creazione di programmi per elaboratore, viene evidenziata la differenza fra i diritti patrimoniali e quelli morali. Un’ eccezione è costituita da quelle opere che, rientrando nel pubblico dominio, non sono tutelate dalla legge.
Nel secondo si analizza l’importanza e le modalità di registrazione dei software presso le istituzioni competenti, e delle relative licenze d’uso, affinché il diritto d’autore possa essere legalmente riconosciuto. In questa parte viene ulteriormente trattata la differenza fra brevetto e diritto d’autore, e a riprova viene citata la sentenza di assoluzione del 2010 dell’azienda World Programming dall’accusa di violazione dei diritti d’autore.
Nel terzo invece vengono affrontati vari casi di violazione del Copyright soggetti a tutela giudiziaria in ambito civile e penale. Vengono citati diversi episodi di prevenzione e di contrasto, attuati dai social network e dalle piattaforme online, nei confronti della pirateria informatica, soffermandosi in particolare sulla vicenda del processo al sito The Pirate Bay.
Nel quarto l’indagine si focalizza sulla creazione e sullo sviluppo di applicazioni mobile realizzate nell’ambito del lavoro autonomo e di quello dipendente, sottolineandone le implicazioni giuridico-contrattuali sulla base sia di una sentenza relativa al caso di un lavoratore dipendente di un ente pubblico sia della mia diretta esperienza personale.
Nell’ultimo capitolo l’attenzione si sposta sui contenuti multimediali presenti a volte sul web senza adeguato Copyright. A tal proposito vengono citati il caso del risarcimento riconosciuto al fotografo haitiano Morel e le mie personali esperienze fatte durante il corso degli studi.
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Habermeier, Sabine. "Shrinkwraps & Co.-überflüssig oder genial? : eine wertende Betrachtung der Verwendung von end user licence agreements im gestuften Vertrieb von Standardsoftware /." Berlin : Wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2008. http://www.wvberlin.de/data/inhalt/habermeier.html.
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Boccali, Matteo. "Tecniche di Machine Learning Non Supervisionato per riconoscimento licenze." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Il lavoro svolto riguarda l'applicazione di tecniche di machine learning non supervisionato per il riconoscimento di modelli su un dataset formato da testi di licenze software.
Vengono applicate tecniche di trasformazione del testo in vettori da poter utilizzare poi come dati per degli algoritmi non supervisionati.
Sono state applicate diverse tecniche di riduzione e trasformazione delle dimensioni per cercare di aumentare la qualità della rappresentazione in vettori.
Sono state inoltre applicate tecniche per cercare di ottimizzare i risultati degli algoritmi non supervisionati.
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Chevalier, Arthur. "Optimisation du placement des licences logicielles dans le Cloud pour un déploiement économique et efficient." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN071.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse au Software Asset Management (SAM) qui correspond à la gestion de licences, de droits d'usage, et du bon respect des règles contractuelles. Lorsque l'on parle de logiciels propriétaires, ces règles sont bien souvent mal interprétées ou totalement incomprises. En échange du fait que nous sommes libres de licencier notre usage comme bon nous semble, dans le respect du contrat, les éditeurs possèdent le droit d'audit. Ces derniers peuvent vérifier le bon respect des règles et imposer, lorsque ces dernières ne sont pas respectées, des pénalités bien souvent d'ordre financières. L'émergence du Cloud a grandement augmenté la problématique du fait que les droits d'usages des logiciels n'étaient pas initialement prévus pour ce type d'architecture. Après un historique académique et industriel du Software Asset Management, des racines aux travaux les plus récents concernant le Cloud et l'identification logicielle, nous nous intéressons aux méthodes de licensing des principaux éditeurs avant d'introduire les différents problèmes intrinsèques au SAM. Le manque de standardisation dans les métriques, des droits d'usages, et la différence de paradigme apportée par le Cloud et prochainement le réseau virtualisé rendent la situation plus compliquée qu'elle ne l'était déjà. Nos recherches s'orientent vers la modélisation de ces licences et métriques afin de s'abstraire du côté juridique et flou des contrats. Cette abstraction nous permet de développer des algorithmes de placement de logiciels qui assurent le bon respect des règles contractuelles en tout temps. Ce modèle de licence nous permet également d'introduire une heuristique de déploiement qui optimise plusieurs critères au moment du placement du logiciel tels que la performance, l'énergie et le coût des licences. Nous introduisons ensuite les problèmes liés au déploiement de plusieurs logiciels simultanément en optimisant ces mêmes critères et nous apportons une preuve de la NPcomplétude du problème de décision associé. Afin de répondre à ces critères, nous présentons un algorithme de placement qui approche l'optimal et utilise l'heuristique ci-dessus. En parallèle, nous avons développé un logiciel SAM qui utilise ces recherches pour offrir une gestion automatisée et totalement générique des logiciels dans une architecture Cloud. Tous ces travaux ont été menés en collaboration avec Orange et testés lors de différentes preuves de concept avant d'être intégrés totalement dans l'outillage SAMThis thesis takes place in the field of Software Asset Management, license management, use rights, and compliance with contractual rules. When talking about proprietary software, these rules are often misinterpreted or totally misunderstood. In exchange for the fact that we are free to license our use as we see fit, in compliance with the contract, the publishers have the right to make audits. They can check that the rules are being followed and, if they are not respected, they can impose penalties, often financial penalties. This can lead to disastrous situations such as the lawsuit between AbInBev and SAP, where the latter claimed a USD 600 million penalty. The emergence of the Cloud has greatly increased the problem because software usage rights were not originally intended for this type of architecture. After an academic and industrial history of Software Asset Management (SAM), from its roots to the most recent work on the Cloud and software identification, we look at the licensing methods of major publishers such as Oracle, IBM and SAP before introducing the various problems inherent in SAM. The lack of standardization in metrics, specific usage rights, and the difference in paradigm brought about by the Cloud and soon the virtualized network make the situation more complicated than it already was. Our research is oriented towards modeling these licenses and metrics in order to abstract from the legal and blurry side of contracts. This abstraction allows us to develop software placement algorithms that ensure that contractual rules are respected at all times. This licensing model also allows us to introduce a deployment heuristic that optimizes several criteria at the time of software placement such as performance, energy and cost of licenses. We then introduce the problems associated with deploying multiple software at the same time by optimizing these same criteria and prove the NP-completeness of the associated decision problem. In order to meet these criteria, we present a placement algorithm that approaches the optimal and uses the above heuristic. In parallel, we have developed a SAM tool that uses these researches to offer an automated and totally generic software management in a Cloud architecture. All this work has been conducted in collaboration with Orange and tested in different Proof-Of-Concept before being fully integrated into the SAM tool
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Frankfurth, Angela, and Jörg Schellhase. "Serviceorientierte Architekturen im E-Learning." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-140132.
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Frankfurth, Angela, and Jörg Schellhase. "Serviceorientierte Architekturen im E-Learning." Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27868.
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Adugna, Leykun, and Goran Laic. "Kan projekt med öppen källkod användas delvis eller helt för at tuppfylla behoven för routing-applikationer?" Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-272732.
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I dagens samhälle är det inte ovanligt för företag och organisationer att hitta bättre och alternativa mjukvaror med öppen källkod för att lösa sina behov. De söker programvaror som har de nödvändiga egenskaperna som krävs för att driva sin verksamhet och eventuellt ersätta egenutvecklad programvara för att spara tid och undvika onödiga kostnader. Denna avhandling har undersökt företagens behov av routing-applikationer och tagit fram ett förslag med hjälp av egenutvecklad testbädd. Den egenutvecklade testbädden kan användas av företag för att avgöra om den önskade öppen källkod programvara är lönsamt att implementera i ens verksamhet. Den routing-applikation som visade sig vara bättre än den befintliga är FRRouting(Free Range Routing). Lösningen som föreslås av studien har givit bevisad effekt genom ett pilotprojekt där öppen källkod har varit framgångsrikt på ett kvalitetsmässigt, funktionellt och kostnadseffektivt sätt att ersätta en befintlig programvaraCompanies are looking into the open source community in the hope of finding a better alternative software to replace their existing software suit. They are looking for software that has the necessary properties required to run their business and possibly help them avoid unnecessary costs and save time. This thesis has examined the needs of routing application for companies and presented a suggestion by using self-developed testbed. The testbed can be used by companies to decide the beneficial of implementing the desired routing application software. The routing application that gave the best result in this study is FRRouting (Free Range Routing). The solution proposed by the study has been proven to be effective through a pilot project where open source program has been successful by retaining the expected quality, functionality in a cost-effective way.
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Albanez, Altamar Urbanetz de Araújo. "Associação entre CMMI-DEV 1.2 e ISO/TS 16949." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/558.
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O setor automotivo é um dos mais arrojados em termos de qualidade, demandando a certificação ISO/TS 16949. Apesar dessas empresas dominarem essa certificação, algumas a perdem em auditorias posteriores ou obtêm poucas melhorias além das existentes. Há indícios de que elas não possuam maturidade suficiente para obter ou manter essa certificação, nem diretrizes para melhorar continuamente. Em trabalhos anteriores, constatou-se que empresas certificadas possuíam, no mínimo, nível 2 de maturidade, sendo 1 (mínimo) e 5 (máximo), o que significa uma empresa com processo definido e gerenciável. Entretanto, o que habilita a empresa a melhorar seus índices é ter o processo controlado e integrado. A falta de maturidade de um processo de desenvolvimento de produto (PDP) desencadeia refugos e retrabalhos, comprometendo o uso eficiente de recursos, impactando no tempo e no custo do desenvolvimento e, indiretamente, na qualidade do processo e do produto final. Porém, as empresas certificadas não possuem diretrizes para melhorar seus processos. Para isso, a ISO demandaria algum recurso associado, visando fornecer orientação quanto aos aspectos que precisariam ser melhorados. Considerando que o CMMI é um método eficaz na obtenção de diagnóstico de maturidade e que considera a integração do PDP, esse trabalho visa identificar a associação entre a certificação ISO/TS 16949 e o método CMMI-DEV 1.2. Para isso, apresenta uma revisão sobre PDPs, certificação da qualidade e maturidade de processo. Posteriormente, são associadas as variáveis envolvidas em um processo de certificação ISO 9001 e as variáveis avaliadas na ISO/TS 16949 com as variáveis envolvidas na avaliação do nível 2 de maturidade do modelo CMMI-DEV 1.2. O trabalho explicita quais itens são considerados pela ISO/TS 16949, ressaltando os itens do CMMI que poderiam ser usados para obter um diagnóstico complementar para as empresas que desejam melhorar o fator qualidade, agregando, em paralelo, mais eficiência e produtividade aos seus processos produtivos.The automotive sector is one of the most daring in terms of quality, requiring because of that certification to ISO/TS 16949. Although these companies dominate this certification, some lose in the subsequent audits or get little improvement beyond existing. There is evidence that they do not have the maturity to obtain or maintain such certification or guidelines to continually improve. In previous work, it was found out that certified companies had at least level 2 maturity, 1 (minimum) and 5 (maximum), which means a company defined and manageable process. However, what enables the company to improve its indexes have the process is controlled and integrated. The lack of maturity of a product development process (PDP) triggers scrap and rework, compromising the efficient use of resources, impacting the time and cost of development and, indirectly, the quality of the process and final product. However, the guidelines do not have certified companies to improve their processes. For this, the ISO would require some resource associated in order to provide guidance on the aspects that need to be improved. Whereas CMMI is an effective method for obtaining diagnostic and maturity that considers the integration of PDP, this work aims to identify the association between the ISO/TS 16949 and CMMI-DEV 1.2 method. Presenting an overview of PDPs, quality certification and process maturity. Later, associated variables are involved in a process of ISO 9001 certification and the variables evaluated in the ISO/TS 16949 with the variables involved in assessing the maturity level 2 with CMMI-DEV 1.2. The paper explains which items are considered by the ISO/TS 16949, CMMI highlighting items that could be used for diagnosis complement for companies that wish to improve the quality factor, adding, in parallel, more efficiency and productivity of their production processes.
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Humphreys, Alison Mary. "Massively Multiplayer Online Games Productive Players and their Disruptions to Conventional Media Practices." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16119/.
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This thesis explores how massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs), as an exemplary new media form, disrupt practices associated with more conventional media. These intensely social games exploit the interactivity and networks afforded by new media technologies in ways that generate new challenges for the organisation, control and regulation of media. The involvement of players in constituting these games - through their production of game-play, derivative works and strong social networks that drive the profitability of the games - disrupts some of the key foundations that underlie other publication media. MMOGs represent a new and hybrid form of media - part publication and part service. As such they sit within a number of sometimes contradictory organising and regulatory regimes. This thesis examines the negotiations and struggles for control between players, developers and publishers as issues of ownership, governance and access arise out of the new configurations. Using an ethnographic approach to gather information and insights into the practices of players, developers and publishers, this project identifies the characteristics of the distributed production network in this experiential medium. It explores structural components of successful interactive applications and analyses how the advent of player agency and the shift in authorship has meant a shift in control of the text and the relations that surround it. The integration of social networks into the textual environment, and into the business model of the media publishers has meant commerce has become entwined with affect in a new way in this medium. Publishers have moved into the role of both property managers, of the intellectual property associated with the game content, and community managers. Intellectual property management is usually associated with the reproduction and distribution of finished media products, and this sits uneasily with the performative and mutable form of this medium. Service provision consists of maintaining the game world environment, community management, providing access for players to other players and to the content generated both by the developers and the other players. Content in an MMOG is identified in this project as both the 'tangible' assets of code and artwork, rules and text, and the 'intangible' or immaterial assets of affective networks. Players are no longer just consumers of media, or even just active interpreters of media. They are co-producing the media as it is developed. This thesis frames that productiveness as unpaid labour, in an attempt to denaturalise the dominant discourse which casts players as consumers. The regulation of this medium is contentious. Conventional forms of media regulation - such as copyright, or content regulation regimes are inadequate for regulating the hybrid service/publication medium. This thesis explores how the use of contracts as the mechanism which constitutes the formal relations between players, publishers and developers creates challenges to some of the regimes of juridical and political rights held by citizens more generally. This thesis examines the productive practices of players and how the discourses of intellectual property and the discourses of the consumer are mobilised to erase the significance of those productive contributions. It also shows, using a Foucauldian analysis of the power negotiations, that players employ many counter-strategies to circumvent the more formal legal structures of the publishers. The dialogic relationship between players, developers and publishers is shown to mobilise various discursive constructions of the role of each. The outcome of these ongoing negotiations may well shape future interactive applications and the extent to which their innovative capacities will be available for all stakeholders to develop.
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Keller, Jonathan. "La notion d'auteur dans le monde des logiciels." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100195/document.
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Le monde des logiciels doit être interprété de manière extensive à l’instar de la présence de l’outil informatique dans la société contemporaine. Le présent travail de recherche entend mettre en avant que la protection du logiciel par le droit d’auteur est davantage opportuniste que réfléchie. Cet opportunisme se ressentait par une volonté libérale de déléguer aux acteurs économiques la fixation des règles propres aux régimes juridiques applicables aux logiciels. Jusqu’à très récemment, la conjugaison du droit d’auteur et du droit des contrats ont entraîné à la fois accentué l’exclusivité sur son code fondée sur le droit d’auteur, ainsi qu’une immunité sur la qualité de son code fondée sur le droit des contrats. Une telle politique a engendré un mouvement contestataire du droit de la propriété intellectuelle, un accroissement des risques des utilisateurs et une protection perverse puisque la divulgation de l’œuvre est supposée être faite lorsque l’auteur l’estime être prête. Ce laissez faire normatif se retrouve également dans les données informatiques, informations, où l’absence de protection d’alors faisait l’objet de grands débats entre informaticiens (libéraux) et juristes (conservateurs). Or la présente étude prône pour l’établissement d’un patrimoine immatériel comme semble l’amorcer les mouvements législatifs et prétoriens actuels. Néanmoins ce patrimoine immatériel étant facilement duplicable en n’étant pas par défaut exclusif, les forces de l’ordre et renseignement peuvent s’en saisir également plus facilement grâce à l’aide des fournisseurs de service. Ceci facilite également l’établissement d’un panopticon intrusifThe world of software shall be constraint widely as could testified the computer tool in our modern society. This research tries to emphasize that the protection of the software is more an opportunistic choice than a reasoned one. That opportunism was seen through the delegation of the rulemaking of the juridical regime of the software to the economic actors. Until very recently, the conjugation of the copyright and ordinary law of contracts which increased the exclusivity of the stakeholder over the code, through the copyright, and an immunity over the poor quality over the same code through the contract law. Such policy generated a dissenting movement against the IP rights, an increasing of the risks on the consumers and a perverted protection because the disclosure of the work by its authors is supposed to be done when the author judges it ready. This legal laissez-faire is also found in the computerized data, informations, where the absence of protection by itself was subject to debates between programmers (liberals) and lawyers (conservative). Or our research is pleading for the establishment of a digital patrimony as the latest laws and cases laws are developing. However the digital patrimony is easily copied and not exclusive by nature, police and intelligence committees can cease it easily than before, thanks to the help of service providers. Such patrimony also helps to the building of an intrusive panopticon
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Hsi-Wei, Li, and 李熙偉. "Open VS Closed: In different kind of licenses, research of software firms' knowledge creation platform." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64911766610513139509.
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碩士輔仁大學
管理學研究所
90
As Linux raise, more and more scholars interest in study external users’ community. But scholars ignore commercial organizations’ role in external users’ community. This thesis want to understand how commercial organizations run in external users’ community, product development process, external users’ role. Primary discoverese of this thesis as follow: (一) Software’s source code open or close will affect software development firms’ knowledge creation platform 1. External user’s role is information provider if software’s source codes are closed. 2. External user’s role is developer if software’s source codes are opened. 3. Under open source software, software’s co-development networks are commercial companies if software are developed inside the company 4. Under open source software, software’s co-development networks are external users if software are developed outside the company 5. Regardless source codes opened or closed, it does’nt affect team leader’s role that inside/outside the team if softwae are developed inside the company 6. Regardless source codes opened or closed, it does’nt affect team member’s role and power that inside the team if softwae are developed inside the company 7. Under open source software, software’s development members will have larger power if software are developed outside the company 8. Regardless source codes opened or closed, it does’nt affect software development process if softwae are developed inside the company (二) Different license open degree will affect software firms’ knowledge creation platform 9. Software license more and more open will lead software development process less and less construction if software are developed outside the company 10. Software license more and more open will lead team leader has less and less power if software are developed outside the company 11. Software license more and more open will lead team member has more and more power if software are developed outside the company 12. Software license more and more open will lead commercial company has less and less control and external users’ community will has more and more self-control and self-coordinate if software are developed outside the company
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Köppel, Petr. "Veřejné licence a public domain jako alternativy copyrightu." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-310467.
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The work first introduces the area of public licenses as a space between the copyright law and public domain. After that, consecutively for proprietary software, free and open source software, open hardware and open content, it maps particular types of public licenses and the accompanying social and cultural movements, puts them in mutual as well as historical context, examines their characteristics and compares them to each other, shows how the public licenses are defined by various accompanying movements, and also analyses which obstacles to the usage of public licenses are put by the Czech law. Keywords Copyright, licenses, open source, creative commons, public domain, software, design.
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Guth, Susanne. "Interoperability of Digital Rights Management Systems via the Exchange of XML-based Rights Expressions." Thesis, 2004. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1856/1/document.pdf.
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The dissertation deals with the cutting-edge subject of electronic contracts, which have the potential to automatically process and control the access rights for (electronic) goods. The dissertation shows the design and the implementation of a rights expression exchange framework. The framework enables digital rights management systems to exchange electronic contracts with each other and thus, provides DRM system compatibility. The electronic contracts, which are formulated in a standardized rights expression language, serve as exchange format between different DRM systems. The dissertation introduces a methodology for the standardized composition, exchange and processing of electronic contracts respectively rights expressions. (author´s abstract)
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Fernandes, João Gonçalo Tavares. "Os desafios da tecnologia blockchain no direito da propriedade intelectual." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31687.
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Embora as tecnologias de registo distribuído, como a blockchain, tenham como principal campo de aplicação os setores da atividade financeira (FinTech), o seu caráter transversal sugere que esta tecnologia possa ser aplicada noutros campos de atividade, designadamente, no Direito da Propriedade Intelectual, permitindo torná-los mais eficientes e equitativos. Não obstante, a sua aplicação pressupõe a resolução de uma série de desafios técnicos, sociais e legais que poderão resfriar os ímpetos de alguns dos seus defensores mais entusiásticos.Although Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), such as Blockchain have their main field of application in the financial areas (FinTech), its transversal character suggests that this technology can be applied in other areas, such as, Intellectual Property Law, in order to make them more efficient and fairer. Nevertheless, its implementation presumes the resolution of a series of technical, social and legal challenges that may hinder some of the most enthusiastic defenders.