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1
Simon, Scott James. "The recursive multi-threaded software life-cycle." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1306.
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Montanaro, Elsa. "Modelli e applicazioni per la valutazione della complessità dei progetti. Il caso Crif spa." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12970/.
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L'elaborato ha lo scopo di approfondire un tema sul quale si sta dibattendo molto negli ultimi anni: la complessità dei progetti.
Ad oggi, sono stati effettuati molti studi il cui obiettivo è quello di ricercare e definire le cause di complessità dei progetti. Vista la varietà del tema, è risultato e risulta difficoltoso trovare una definizione univoca di complessità, che valga per ogni tipologia di settore industriale e per ogni tipologia di progetto. Nonostante questo, però, i progressi effettuati da parte degli studiosi sono stati notevoli e, pertanto, vengono riportati nella prima parte dell'elaborato.
Oltre a queste considerazioni di stampo teorico, la difficoltà nel trattare la complessità dei progetti si esplica anche negli aspetti pratici della gestione di un'organizzazione, a livello proprio di valutazione della complessità. Questo aspetto si rivela essere molto critico per le aziende, soprattutto considerando i benefici che esse potrebbero trarre da una sua corretta valorizzazione, in termini di gestione delle risorse, applicazione di strumenti di project management adeguati, etc.
Essendo questo aspetto pratico di notevole importanza, si è scelto di riportare nell'elaborato alcuni strumenti e modelli che, se correttamente implementati, possano essere di aiuto alle organizzazioni nella gestione del loro portfolio di progetti.
La forza di questi modelli risiede nella loro estrema versatilità, la quale permette loro un'applicazione su larga scala.
In particolar modo, nell'ultima parte della trattazione viene descritto un esempio reale che mostra proprio l'adattamento di un modello di valutazione, nato e sviluppato per un'azienda della grande distribuzione, ad una realtà aziendale differente, quella della Crif S.p.A.
Nelle conclusioni sono riportati alcuni commenti dai quali si evince come l'applicazione del modello sia risultata adeguata al caso in questione.
3
Czibor, František. "Softwarová podpora projektového řízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236760.
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This thesis deals with project management and how software can support it. In first part the problems and characteristics of project management is stressed as well as theoretical basics with focus on software development projects. Comparison of the available tools as project management aid is also touched. Objective of this thesis is to create such a project management aid tool by detailed analysis, design and implementation. The system has been implemented in programming language C#, the database layer is Microsoft SQL. End the end of the thesis the summary of the achieved results and possible future extensions of the project management tool can be found.
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Hendrich, Michal. "Řízení projektů v kompetenčním centru SQA." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192562.
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This thesis deals with project management competence center in Software Quality Assurance, which operates the University of Economics in Prague. The first part of this thesis is focused on basic terminology management projects and projects aimed at testing. The second part focuses on project management competence center in Software Quality Assurance, which describes a modified project life cycle according to the PMBOK and project life cycle testing. All phases of the lifecycle contain sub-activities and the person responsible for the activity. The last part of this thesis is focused on management competency center Software Quality Assurance tool available for cooperation IBM Connections, which is available for students and staff of the University of Economics in Prague. The thesis is a complex material intended primarily for manager competency center, its teams and includes guides on how to manage the very center and its projects.
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Kuo, Yi-Chiun. "Multi-database support in the recursive multi-threaded software process management tool." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2266.
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The Recursive Multi-Threaded (RMT) software process management tool gives software developers the following capabilities: break a large project into a sequence of prototypes (or threads) track these threads individually, and estimate the progress and completion date of the project from these individual threads. The goal of this project is to provide the RMT Tool with an ability to support multi-database for collaborative software development. As a demonstration, actual data is used from several previous algorithma projects.
6
Švehla, Michal. "Řízení projektů pomocí specializovaných softwarů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225700.
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This diploma thesis deals with management of projects with specialized software. It contains principles of project management in general and in construction projects. For this purpose, it’s primarily devoted to MS Project (general), BUILDpower and CONTEC (construction projects). Thesis also offers a look at the possibilities of combining the advantages of both approaches. For practical examples, there is representative construction project in pre-investment phase. This project or its parts is elaborated in mentioned software.
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Cakmakli, Aysem Berrin. "Life Cycle Assessment Of Building Materials In Hotel Refurbishment Projects: A Case Study In Ankara." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608391/index.pdf.
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Buildings generate millions of tons of greenhouse gases, toxic air emissions, water pollutants and solid wastes that contribute to negative environmental impacts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a methodology for assessing the environmental performance of products over their life time. However, many building products are discarded much before the end of their service life, especially as a result of refurbishment and renovation projects. The need for such projects is increasing because most buildings are not designed to accommodate changes in their functions and needs of their occupants. This is particular to commercial buildings, especially hospitality facilities, which are unique with regard to operational schemes and the type of services offered that are highly resource-intensive.
In this investigation, statistical data related to refurbishment and renovation projects in Turkey were analysed to determine the percentage of refurbishment projects for hotels. Bills of quantities for refurbishment projects of three five-star hotels in Ankara were obtained and evaluated with regard to the volume and type of material discarded as a result of the renovation works. ATHENA, an LCA software, was used to evaluate these projects according to the six environmental impact indicators: primary energy consumption, solid waste, air pollution index, water pollution index, global warming potential and weighted resource use.
A system was formulated for evaluating materials according to each indicator by calculating their &ldquoeco-scores&rdquo
the total score is considered to be the yard-stick for comparing environmental appropriateness of these materials. Finally, recommendations on the choice of materials were made, with an aim to reducing material waste and harmful emissions.
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Kaščák, Pavol. "Rozšíření použití modulu UIS v mobilních zařízeních." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223841.
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This master thesis deals with the design of extending UIS module for mobile devices. First part of this thesis is dedicated to the analysis and justification to the benefit of mobile devices with focus on available mobile platforms. Subsequently, this thesis describes theoretical backgrounds upon which is based my own solution in perspective of software life cycle and SCRUM project management.
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Silva, Filipa Pires Duarte da. "Leadership competencies in the requirements phase of IS/IT development projects." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11634.
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Doutoramento em GestãoWhile the successful implementation of an Information Systems/Information Technology (IS/IT) project is widely recognised as being a key research topic, yet recent surveys continue to show significant failure rates. Inadequate requirements management together with inadequate project management have frequently been identified as the principal causes of failure. As a result, the requirements phase has been considered to be one of the most critical phases of the IS/IT project life cycle, especially in relation to software development projects, where new systems must be defined. Moreover, a review of the literature suggests that management leadership is considered to be one of the most important factors in team, project and organisational effectiveness. Management leadership is regarded as being a vital factor in achieving project success, namely in the field of IS/IT. Further research acknowledges that leadership effectiveness may depend on contingency factors, such as the project type, or the project life cycle phase. However, few studies have focussed on the impact of leadership along the software project life cycle, and the literature review found no study that focusses on any particular phase. This is surprising, as the literature suggests that each phase has specific characteristics which are distinguishable by the activities that must be performed. Thus, this research study aims to integrate all these elements within a framework, through a multiple case study using exploratory research. Therefore, this framework will identify which leadership competencies are considered to be relevant to the requirements phase of software development projects’ life cycle. Contingency factors are also be identified and discussed, as well as their impact on the set of identified competencies. Finally, the practical and theoretical contribution of the results are presented, as well as new insights into the requirements and leadership research streams.
O estudo da gestão de projetos de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação (SI/TIs) é largamente reconhecido como um tópico de investigação atual e relevante. No entanto, estudos empíricos recentes continuam a demonstrar um elevado nível de falhas no processo. Algumas das principais causas mais frequentemente identificadas envolvem a gestão inadequada de requisitos, bem como práticas inadequadas ao nível da gestão global do projeto. Assim, não é surpreendente que a fase que envolve as atividades dos requisitos seja considerada como uma das mais criticas fases de todo o ciclo de vida dos projetos de SI/TI, nomeadamente dos projetos de desenvolvimento de software onde se define um novo sistema a implementar. Para além disso, a revisão da literatura sugere que a liderança é considerada como um dos fatores mais importantes para a obtenção de eficácia das equipas, dos projetos e ainda das organizações. A liderança da gestão é considerada como um fator vital na obtenção do sucesso do projeto, nomeadamente na área dos SI/TIs. Adicionalmente, a literatura reconhece que a eficácia da liderança depende de fatores contingenciais, tais como o tipo de projeto ou a fase do ciclo de vida a que se aplica. No entanto, apenas uma pequena parte desses estudos focam o impacto da liderança ao longo do ciclo de vida do projeto. Surpreendentemente, não foi encontrado nenhum estudo que foque alguma fase em particular, mesmo considerando que a literatura sugere que diferentes fases têm características e atividades que as distingue das demais. Assim, este projeto de investigação pretende explorar a integração de todos estes elementos num quadro de análise comum, através da execução de múltiplos casos de estudos. Este quadro de análise pretende identificar quais as competências de liderança relevantes para a execução da fase de requisitos do ciclo de vida de projetos de desenvolvimento de software. Também se pretende explorar os fatores contingenciais que influenciam o conjunto de competências encontradas, bem como compreender a forma como isso se processa. Finalmente, são apresentadas as contribuições teóricas e práticas, e ainda enumerados os tópicos de investigação futura decorrentes dos resultados obtidos.
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Vybíhalová, Michaela. "Eknomické posouzení projektu realizovaného obcí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265333.
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The diploma thesis deals with an issue of assessment economic effectiveness of public project which is realized municipality. This thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes a cost-benefit analysis and another methodology for economic assessment of the project. In the practical part is processed case study on a particular public project.
11
Pretorius, Suzaan. "The Effect of Project Types and Project Life Cycle Phases on Leadership Style." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/72418.
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With the current trend towards empowered teams, hierarchical company structures are increasingly being replaced by team-based ones. As a result, a shift in the classic understanding of leadership is needed and research on leadership in project management is increasing. Two major concepts have developed in recent years: shared and vertical leadership styles. This thesis reports on the development of a new Model of leadership styles that considers the effect of project types and the project life cycle phases on leadership style (vertical versus shared leadership), and how an appropriate balance between the two styles influences the likelihood of project management success. A web-based questionnaire yielded 313 complete responses and the data was analysed using hypothesis testing. Based on this empirical work and relevant literature, a novel Model is proposed. The Model explains how project types and life cycle phases influence the appropriateness of different leadership styles, and it guides the practitioner to selecting appropriate leadership styles for specific situations. Recommendations for furthering the model are discussed.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
NRF
Graduate School of Technology Management (GSTM)
PhD (Project Management)
Unrestricted
12
Beaver, Justin. "A LIFE CYCLE SOFTWARE QUALITY MODEL USING BAYESIAN BELIEF NETWORKS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2353.
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Software practitioners lack a consistent approach to assessing and predicting quality within their products. This research proposes a software quality model that accounts for the influences of development team skill/experience, process maturity, and problem complexity throughout the software engineering life cycle. The model is structured using Bayesian Belief Networks and, unlike previous efforts, uses widely-accepted software engineering standards and in-use industry techniques to quantify the indicators and measures of software quality. Data from 28 software engineering projects was acquired for this study, and was used for validation and comparison of the presented software quality models. Three Bayesian model structures are explored and the structure with the highest performance in terms of accuracy of fit and predictive validity is reported. In addition, the Bayesian Belief Networks are compared to both Least Squares Regression and Neural Networks in order to identify the technique is best suited to modeling software product quality. The results indicate that Bayesian Belief Networks outperform both Least Squares Regression and Neural Networks in terms of producing modeled software quality variables that fit the distribution of actual software quality values, and in accurately forecasting 25 different indicators of software quality. Between the Bayesian model structures, the simplest structure, which relates software quality variables to their correlated causal factors, was found to be the most effective in modeling software quality. In addition, the results reveal that the collective skill and experience of the development team, over process maturity or problem complexity, has the most significant impact on the quality of software products.Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Engineering
13
Rasta, Mohammadreza. "Cost and Quality Consequences of Shortening the Project Life Cycle." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produksjons- og kvalitetsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22344.
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Shortening duration of project is a challenging task. If time is reduced with no attention is paid to additional risk, not only no time reduction is achieved but also it can exert counter effect by increasing the time, imposing more expenses, and causing quality loss due to lack of meeting the customer expectations. Two methods were approved by PMI and they have been extensively discussed in literature, they are Fast Tracking and Critical Chain methods. Fast tracking performs two sequential activity or project phases in parallel, but it suffers from additional risk of rework due to early freezing and early releasing information from upstream task to downstream task. In addition, Critical chain gets a grip on problem of previous methods in scheduling with taking into account the resource constraint and managing project uncertainty through introducing resource dependent chain of activities rather critical path and placing buffer in paths at project schedule. Although many valuable works have been done to direct both methods toward perfection, but there are still some fertile areas for research. This research has sort of mixing both qualitative and quantitative approach. It is qualitative and theoretical work due to using data from literature and it is quantitative due to application of simulation and fictious example to put to the test and demonstrate the proposed methods. Three main problems are considered and it is sought to give proper response to them. First is to mitigate risk of overlapping in fast tracking method; second is to adjust buffer size and time trigger points for action in critical chain; third is to probe into possibility of combing two methods and assess possible challenges.Five major results have been obtained by this research. Two of them are associated with fast tracking method through proposing overlapping strategy framework and suggesting an idea to mitigate risk of overlapping. Proposed overlapping strategy framework takes into account three characteristics of task including evolution, sensitivity, and production rate. It provides better insight to apply right strategy at right place while reduces the complexity of previous framework. Also, time sensitivity indexes are suggested to apply for selection of low risky pair of activities to overlap in critical path(s) and mitigate risk of overlapping.The three left outcomes are associated with critical chain method and providing somesuggestions including sensitive chain, buffer sizing, and time trigger pints for action in buffer management. Sensitive chain refers to critical chain that contains risky activities in project schedule. Further, a heuristic method based on time sensitivity indexes is suggested to calibrate buffer size with consideration to risky activities. Finally, two solutions are proposed to adjust time trigger points in fever chart including qualitative approach based on risk matrix and quantitative approach based on time sensitivity indexes. Additionally, incorporation of fast tracking method into critical chain is investigated. Then, three requirements are advised to be fulfilled before performing overlap. At the end, possibility of change in critical chain and confronting with widespread disorder in project schedule due to overlap two activities in critical chain are debated.
14
Taneda, Makoto. "Application of life cycle costing method to a renovation project." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70276.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-116).
In this study, we have examined the application of Lee analysis method to the construction and renovation stages of a building project. The application of the Lee analysis is currently limited to the very early stages of a project life, namely at the concept and design stages. We propose application of the Lee method, with several modifications, to the construction and renovation stages. The simplified Lee method is proposed and examined in the first two case studies. The simplified method limits the range and complexity of data inputs, and is intended to be an Lee used by engineers practicing in the construction industry. In the third case study, the "Lee per square-foot", which implements the concept of the "square-foot" cost estimating, is proposed. This method is intended to be used to assess the residual value and to estimate running costs of an existing building. Necessary modifications of the Lee, as well as the accuracy and limits of these new methods are examined through three case studies.
by Makoto Taneda.
M.S.
15
Quansah, Solomon. "Life cycle analysis of shea butter biodiesel using GREET software." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13446.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Chemical Engineering
John Schlup
In this study, life cycle analysis (LCA) of shea butter biodiesel from Well-to-Pump (WTP) is considered utilizing information gathered from Anuanom Industrial Bio Products Ltd. (AIBP) in Ghana, West Africa. The information presented in this report starts with shea plant cultivation, proceeds through harvesting of shea fruits, extraction of shea butter from shea kernels, and finishes with the production of shea butter biodiesel via homogenous acid–alkali transesterification reactions utilizing methanol. After researching the conversion of shea butter to biodiesel, the GREET software was explored as a tool to perform LCA. Shea butter is an excellent alternative feedstock to produce biodiesel on an industrial scale. Though research into shea plant cultivation and subsequent conversion into biodiesel in Ghana has not received formal attention, it has huge potential in the biodiesel industry. The tree originates in Africa and is tropical and drought-resistant. Although even some basic agronomic characteristics of shea butter are not yet fully understood, the plant enjoys a booming interest, which may hold the risk of unsustainable practice. The GREET software from the Argonne National laboratory of the US Department of Energy (DOE) was used in LCA. The software is a very useful tool specifically designed for LCA focused on energy and emissions of different production processes, including biodiesel production. This software is managed by DOE research laboratory and is made available for public use. The GREET software allow users perform many existing fuel production processes. To perform an LCA on shea butter biodiesel which is a new feedstock to the GREET software, some of the requisite information, and data input has to be sent to the Argonne National Laboratory personnel for input. For a new biodiesel feedstock such as shea butter which is not part of the GREET software database, it is important to work with the Argonne National laboratory to perform the LCA.
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Vandehei, Bailey R. "Leveraging Defects Life-Cycle for Labeling Defective Classes." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2111.
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Data from software repositories are a very useful asset to building dierent kinds of
models and recommender systems aimed to support software developers. Specically,
the identication of likely defect-prone les (i.e., classes in Object-Oriented systems)
helps in prioritizing, testing, and analysis activities. This work focuses on automated
methods for labeling a class in a version as defective or not. The most used methods
for automated class labeling belong to the SZZ family and fail in various circum-
stances. Thus, recent studies suggest the use of aect version (AV) as provided by
developers and available in the issue tracker such as JIRA. However, in many cir-
cumstances, the AV might not be used because it is unavailable or inconsistent. The
aim of this study is twofold: 1) to measure the AV availability and consistency in
open-source projects, 2) to propose, evaluate, and compare to SZZ, a new method
for labeling defective classes which is based on the idea that defects have a stable
life-cycle in terms of proportion of versions needed to discover the defect and to x
the defect. Results related to 212 open-source projects from the Apache ecosystem,
featuring a total of about 125,000 defects, show that the AV cannot be used in the
majority (51%) of defects. Therefore, it is important to investigate automated meth-
ods for labeling defective classes. Results related to 76 open-source projects from the
Apache ecosystem, featuring a total of about 6,250,000 classes that are are aected
by 60,000 defects and spread over 4,000 versions and 760,000 commits, show that the
proposed method for labeling defective classes is, in average among projects and de-
fects, more accurate, in terms of Precision, Kappa, F1 and MCC than all previously
proposed SZZ methods. Moreover, the improvement in accuracy from combining SZZ
with defects life-cycle information is statistically signicant but practically irrelevant
(
overall and in average, more accurate via defects' life-cycle than any SZZ method.
17
Florian, Buitrago Armando Alejandro. "SHORTENING THE PROJECT LIFE CYCLE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMUNICATION PROJECTS." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22746.
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The motivation for this thesis is based on the fact that telecommunications projects have increased their complexity; nowadays, customers claim for the implementation of large solutions including multiple vendors, software and hardware with highly customizable features and short deadlines that continuously challenge project managers and telecommunications practitioners to create value for their customers.This thesis focuses on the description of current practices in the telecommunications industry and how these practices can be improved in order to achieve a time reduction in a project?s lifecycle.This research is based on a case study of a company from the telecommunications sector in Colombia. The company is called level (3) and they deliver and operate services using frameworks widely used in this sector. I use a qualitative approach based on the collection of data from semi-structured interviews. For the data analysis, I use the triangulation technique to find relationships between theory, standard practices and practices in real life.The theoretical conclusions reveal the relationship between ITIL and PMBOK, ITIL recognizes that the service transition stage should be executed under project management. PMBOK links projects with their product lifecycle by explaining that a phase in a product?s life cycle can be carried out as one project or as multiple projects.Practical conclusions reveal that the three most important measures that the company must implement to shorten the project life cycle are: first, improving the workflow; second, managing project communication and service assets; and third, configuration management.
18
ahmed, Tanveer, and Madhu Sudhana Raju. "Integrating Exploratory Testing In Software Testing Life Cycle, A Controlled Experiment." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3414.
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Context. Software testing is one of the crucial phases in software development life cycle (SDLC). Among the different manual testing methods in software testing, Exploratory testing (ET) uses no predefined test cases to detect defects. Objectives. The main objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of ET in detecting defects at different software test levels. The objective is achieved by formulating hypotheses, which are later tested for acceptance or rejection. Methods. Methods used in this thesis are literature review and experiment. Literature review is conducted to get in-depth knowledge on the topic of ET and to collect data relevant to ET. Experiment was performed to test hypotheses specific to the three different testing levels : unit , integration and system. Results. The experimental results showed that using ET did not find all the seeded defects at the three levels of unit, integration and system testing. The results were analyzed using statistical tests and interpreted with the help of bar graphs. Conclusions. We conclude that more research is required in generalizing the benefits of ET at different test levels. Particularly, a qualitative study to highlight factors responsible for the success and failure of ET is desirable. Also we encourage a replication of this experiment with subjects having a sound technical and domain knowledge.H.no.2-7-644, Mukrumpura, Karimnagar, Pincode:500001, India, Phone number: +91-9908644775
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King, Barbara M. "A Software Development Life-Cycle Model for Web-Based Application Development." NSUWorks, 2004. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/636.
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Software development life cycle models were believed to play a critical role in improving software quality by guiding tasks in the software development processes since being formally introduced and embraced in the 1970s. Many organizations attempted to deploy software development life cycle methodologies with the intent to improve the software development process from conception through implementation to delivery. Numerous established software development models exist, including the classic waterfall life cycle model, Spiral model, Prototyping, Evolutionary, (e.g., Staged, Phased, and Timebox models), object-oriented design (OOD) (e.g., Rational Unified Process), and agile processes (e.g., eXtreme Programming [XP]). The design and development of web-based applications introduced new problems and requirements that did not exist when traditional software development life-cycle models were being put into practice. This research presents empirical software development practice data pertaining to web-based application development.
The goal of this project was to answer the question, "What is the general paradigm of an SDLC model for web-based application development?" The focus of the project was to derive an empirical SDLC model for web-based application development. Data from current practices was collected via a web-based application. Study participants used the web-based application to input data concerning the SDLC model of their web-based application development process. The empirical model was derived from the data provided by participants on current professional web-based application development practices.
The results of this research showed that although web-based application development life-cycle does parallel traditional SDLCs in some phases, there were enough differences that an exact fit to an existing model does not exist. A modified version of the Classic Waterfall with some repetitiveness of the Spiral model with the addition of optional phases best met the situational requirements of web-based application development.
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Labuschagne, Carin. "Sustainable project life cycle management : criteria for the South African process industry." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10112005-083255.
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Baloyi, Gidion. "The effectiveness of the project management life cycle in Eskom Limpopo Operating Unit." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2589.
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Thesis (MBA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2018South Africa is a developing state; the roles of the state owned entities in encouraging economic growth and contributing to the mitigation of unemployment and poverty eradication are unavoidable. Project management from an engineering development perspective and as an industrial discipline has been investigated and published throughout the past period. It could be said that the subject is mature, as recent publications on project management fail to bring new knowledge to light particularly in Eskom. This mini dissertation studies the most significant serious success factors in the effective project management in different departmental conditions within Eskom. Projects are being used daily in Eskom to achieve the company goal. In recent years researchers have become increasingly interested in factors that may have an impact on project management effectiveness and the success of projects. However, there is little research that shows how effectively projects are managed in a business organisational context like Eskom. My Study aims to partly fill this gap by presenting results from a case study and surveys of Eskom as an organisation practising project management. It also aims to investigate the effectiveness of project management in terms of Eskom Divisional structures, technical competency, Eskom Project leadership ability and the characteristics of an effective project manager. In managing projects, it is significant to know how to handle both the tools and the people and to achieve a balance between the two. Experience, especially in the management of change was perceived to be a significant factor in project success
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Butt, Ali Azhar. "Life Cycle Assessment of Asphalt Roads : Decision Support at the Project Level." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Väg- och banteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-156016.
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Transport infrastructures such as roads are assets for the society as they not only ensure mobility but also strengthen society’s economy. Considerable amount of energy and materials, that include bitumen, aggregates and asphalt, are required to build and maintain roads. Improper utilization of energy and/or use of materials may lead to more waste and higher costs. The impact on the environment cannot be neglected either. Life cycle assessment (LCA) as a method can be used to assess the environmental impacts of a road system over its entire life time. Studying the life cycle perspective of roads can help us improve the technology in order to achieve a system that has a lower impact on the environment. There are number of LCA tools available. However, implementation of such tools is still unseen in real road projects. This clearly indicates that there are gaps which are needed to be filled in order to bring these tools into practice. An open road LCA framework was developed for the asphalt roads in order to help in decision support at the late project planning stage such as that related to the green procurement. The framework takes into account the construction, maintenance and end of life phases and focuses on energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Threshold values for the production of some additives were also determined to show how LCA tools can help material suppliers to improve the road materials production processes and the road authorities to set limits on the use of different materials based on the environmental criteria. Additive consideration and feedstock energy in road LCAs were also identified as gaps that were looked in detail. The attributes that are important to consider in an asphalt road LCA that seeks to serve as a decision support in a procurement situation are described. A brief literature review was carried out that focused on project LCAs, and specifically those considering pavements, as this level is assumed to be appropriate for questions relevant in a procurement situation. Following the different standards; road LCAs developed all over the world have generated a lot of knowledge and the studies have been different from each other such as in terms of goals and system boundaries. Hence, the patterns observed have been very different from study to study. It was also difficult to assess the decision support level for which the various LCA frameworks or tools were developed. It is important to define system boundaries based on where in the system the decision support is needed. For LCA to be useful for decision support in a procurement situation, it is important to have a clear understanding of the attributes that constitute the life cycle phases and how data of high quality for them are obtained. The level of consistency and transparency of road LCAs becomes increasingly important in pre-procurement and procurement situations. The key attributes used in a road LCA should mirror the material properties used in a pavement design and therefore be closely linked to the performance of the road in its life cycle. From the different case studies, it was found that asphalt production and transportation of materials are usually highest in the energy and GHG emissions chain. It is highly favorable to have the quarry site, the asphalt plant and the construction site not far from each other and to use the electricity that has been produced in an efficient way. Based on the laboratory test results, it is shown that the effects of chemical warm mix asphalt additives (WMAA)s must be evaluated on a case by case basis since WMAA interaction with the aggregate surface mineralogy appears to play a significant role and thus affects its long term structural behavior. Using the material properties obtained from the Superpave indirect tensile test (IDT) results, pavement thickness design was done in which Arlanda aggregate based asphalt mixtures resulted in thinner pavements as compared to Skärlunda aggregate based asphalt mixtures for the same design life period. Energy (feedstock and expended) saving and reduction in GHG emissions were also seen with addition of WMAA, for both aggregate type cases, based on the data used. Importantly, the results presented illustrate the importance of a systems based LCA approach for evaluating the sustainability for different design and construction options. In this context, having actual pavement material properties as the key attributes in the LCA enables a pavement focused assessment of environmental costs associated with different design options.QC 20141118
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Banaszak, Jakub. "Implementation of the virtual teamworking concept into the simulation project life-cycle." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2004. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19309/.
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Simulation is a powerful tool that allows producing the best solution for a variety of design and operational issues in manufacturing systems. It provides the ability to assess the impact of various solutions without interfering with the real system. Applying simulation in the decision making process can significantly decrease the cost and risk of implementing a new solution, and at the same time speed up the process of analysing and finding the optimum solution. However, simulation projects usually are complex, and involve a number of people in the model's developing process. The simulation team is usually formed with specific roles for team members to play, such as project leader, model builder, data provider, customer, consultant, etc. However, the globalisation of business operations means that individuals involved in a large multi-site simulation project may be physically dispersed across the organisation and the world. For example, simulation experts may be based in one location and their service may be offered to business units scatted across the globe. This makes more difficult to collocate all project participants in one place at the same time and consumes extra effort, time and cost. Applying a virtual team methodology, supported by the modern Internet-based communication technologies, can overcome the described problems - reduce cost and project time in a large multi-site simulation study. This research investigates the implication of employing the virtual team concept to the simulation team, collaboration process and quality of project output. The analysis introduces the framework for creating the virtual simulation team and two step methodology with short, medium and long recommendations proposed. Then the developed methodology is validated by empirical experiment and simulation experiment. However, in order to carry on the real life experiment a WWW-based application to support the virtual simulation team was developed, and applied in the collaboration process. The experiments positively validated the methodology and provided data to check and optimise the developed application. The study is concluded by discussion of the final research results and future work.
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Hameed, Faisal. "Integrated Life Cycle Analysis Approach (ILCA2) for Transportation Project and Program Development." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/20382.
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Ensuring sustainability is important for balancing economic viability, the environment and the social system. Because transportation infrastructure projects have direct and indirect impacts associated with this balance, it is important for transportation agencies to consider sustainability and environmental impacts in transportation investment decision making. These decisions typically occur during the planning and programming phase. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an accepted method for quantifying life cycle environmental impacts. Within the transportation sector, current LCA practices are primarily limited to roadway pavements and the determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or a carbon footprint. An urban roadway facility consists of several additional elements including sidewalks, street lights, traffic signals, lane striping and drainage which also have environmental impacts. In addition to the carbon footprint, roadway life cycle impacts include waste materials and storm water runoff. These life cycle impacts have associated costs.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is a commonly used methodology which analyzes life cycle costs of projects. However, this methodology does not include costs associated with environmental impacts. When integrated with LCA, the quantification of life cycle environmental impacts and costs for an urban roadway that includes construction, resurfacing and reconstruction as well as impacts related with managing the facility provides important information for making decisions that support sustainability related to transportation infrastructure.
By establishing a reasonable life cycle time frame, representative elements, mostly homogeneous transportation facility types with representative cross sections, and accepted construction, maintenance and rehabilitation practices, a life cycle analysis approach which integrates LCA and LCCA is developed called Integrated Life Cycle Analysis Approach (ILCA2). Because decisions are made during the planning and programming stage, the approach is designed to use a standard cross section with standard materials for a transportation facility -- an urban roadway -- and three readily available project-specific inputs: length of roadway, number of travel lanes, and number of bicycle lanes. The methodology quantifies life cycle environmental impacts for carbon footprint of the materials in CO2 eq, quantity of wasted materials, quantity of storm water runoff and then estimates the costs associated with these impacts.
This research demonstrated the use of ILCA2 for a case study section of an urban roadway and for a sample transportation State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP). Using this approach to evaluate transportation projects provides several opportunities to enhance information used for decision making. Life cycle environmental impact costs can represent a quarter of the total integrated life cycle costs of a transportation program. The case studies showed that the initial costs represent approximately half of life cycle costs for a single project and nearly a twentieth for the sample STIP. Environmental impact costs were higher than direct operation costs, energy costs, and resurfacing costs of an urban roadway. Approximately 90% of material used in construction and rehabilitation of a roadway are removed in the rehabilitation and disposed of in landfills. This shows the potential for recovering, reclaiming, reusing and recycling these materials, potentially resulting in reduced life cycle environmental impacts. Storm water runoff over the life cycle from the roadway was also substantial and the associated cost represents a significant portion of life cycle costs. When used over the life cycle of a transportation program, Low Impact Development (LID) strategies for roadways can result in economic benefits with higher cost savings than traditional drainage practices.
When ILCA2 is applied to an individual project, decision makers have a better understanding of the expected costs and impacts associated with that project. Applying ILCA2 to a program enables decision makers to evaluate the larger impacts of the transportation investments as well as consideration of programmatic changes to practices that support sustainability.
Ph. D.
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Palomeque, Alberto. "Impact of Embedded Software Design Decisions on the Product Life Cycle Process." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10018.
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Software design decisions were considered in this study, as the possibly principal factor for unplanned adjustments related to the embedded software handling, at production- and service processes. The study reveals an increase of requirement changes during the last phases in then software development projects execution, which forces late design decisions in order to fulfil the changed requirements. Consequently, the likelihood of risks for unexpected impacts on the subsequent processes will increase.
A research approach based on interviews and data from previous projects at Volvo CE was performed. The process methodology used at Volvo CE for software development was investigated from the project planning and control view and the project team member’s perspective.
A high amount of software-design decisions were encountered at the end of the software development process at Volvo CE, as a result of numerous requirement changes at the final phases of the projects execution. A gap was identified between how the process methodology specified the progression of activities for software development and the actual progression of the project activities in Volvo CE.
This study discusses problem areas in the software development process at Volvo CE from an embedded design decisions perspective. As future work, the study recommends three steps to find improvements to the process methodology: 1) Update the process based on standardized procedures for management of requirements changes, risk handling, and communication. 2) Further analysis and possible adaptations of the process model 3) Develop methods and/or tools for process quality assurance.
The management of the embedded software decisions appears to be a very complicated area, the conventional statements on the importance of the decisions in the earlier phases, at least, should be further discussed and investigated.
PREPARE
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Gnau, Andrew Patrick. "Evaluation of the regulatory review process for the software development life cycle." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43344.
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Futcher, Lynn Ann. "A model for integrating information security into the software development life cycle." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/506.
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It is within highly integrated technology environments that information security is becoming a focal point for designing, developing and deploying software applications. Ensuring a high level of trust in the security and quality of these applications is crucial to their ultimate success. Therefore, information security has become a core requirement for software applications, driven by the need to protect critical assets and the need to build and preserve widespread trust in computing. However, a common weakness that is inherent in the traditional software development methodologies is the lack of attention given to the security aspects of software development. Most of these methodologies do not explicitly include a standardised method for incorporating information security into their life cycles. Meaningful security can be achieved when information security issues are considered as part of a routine development process, and security safeguards are integrated into the software application throughout its life cycle. This, in turn, will lead to users being more confident to use software applications, and to entrust today's computer systems with their personal information. To build better or more secure software, an improved software development process is required. Security of a software application must be based on the risk associated with the application. In order to understand this risk, the relevant information assets need to be identified together with their threats and vulnerabilities. Therefore, security considerations provide input into every phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), from requirements gathering to design, implementation, testing and deployment. This research project presents a Secure Software Development Model (SecSDM) for incorporating information security into all phases of the SDLC, from requirements gathering to systems maintenance. The SecSDM is based on many of the recommendations provided by relevant international standards and best practices, for example, the ISO 7498-2 (1989) standard which addresses the underlying security services and mechanisms that form an integral part of the model.
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Yigit, Cisem. "Life Cycle Assessment In Ferrous Foundry Industry." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615559/index.pdf.
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Foundries are most widely facilities all around the world, producing high amounts of castings. In this study, environmental impact of metal foundries was investigated toward a life cycle assessment (LCA) goal. Studies were conducted in two foundry plants in order to collect the inventory data. The difference between the plants regarding their processes was the application of secondary sand reclamation (SSR) in Plant 2. Application of SSR is indicated as a
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Ardi, Shanai. "A Model and Implementation of a Security plug-in for the Software Life Cycle." Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11108.
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Olin, Lovisa. "Towards sustainable project management : A life cycle approach to evaluate the biopharmaceutical industry." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284348.
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Adopting sustainability practices in both planned and current operations is increasingly important to many organizations. Due to increased awareness various companies are adopting life cycle thinking. For example, life cycle considerations from raw material extraction to final disposal of products or services are requested in environmental management system standard ISO 14001:2015. Octapharma is a biopharmaceutical company producing various medical products for the treatment of haematology, immunotherapy and critical care. The desire to incorporate environmental life cycle thinking into investment projects led to the research question of how this can be achieved at Octapharma in Stockholm. The objectives included a qualitative investigation of current environmental management strategies practiced in investment projects today. Secondly, a case study investment project was used to explore how one of the most commonly practiced life cycle management (LCM) tools, life cycle assessment (LCA), can be applied for the comparison of two alternative process technologies. The results showed that Octapharma today considers environmental aspects in some investment projects, such as construction, but it may be improved in other types of investment projects. Therefore, specific suggestions and modifications of the project model, in relation to life cycle management literature was developed for important checkpoints in the project management model. Lastly the case project comparative LCA showed that one of the technologies had a significant larger environmental footprint.Inkludering av ett hållbarhetsperspektiv i företags nuvarande och framtida verksamhet har fått ökande betydelse. På grund av större medvetenhet inkluderar flera organisationer ett livscykeltänk, dvs. utvärdering av miljöpåverkan från råvaruextraktion till avfallshantering av både produkter och tjänster. Bland annat ISO 14001:2015, en miljöledningsstandard, har infört krav på livscykeltänk i certifierade verksamheter. Octapharma är ett läkemedelsföretag som tillverkar produkter inom hematologi, immunterapi och intensivvård. På grund av ett intresse för livscykeltänk i investeringsprojekt på Octapharmas Stockholmsfabrik skapades ett behov av att undersöka hur detta skulle kunna åstadkommas. Delmålen i detta projekt innefattar en kvalitativ undersökning om nuvarande inkludering av miljöaspekter i investeringsprojekt med viktiga projektintressenter i verksamheten. En kvantitativ jämförande livscykelanalys (LCA) av ett avslutat investeringsprojekt syftade till att genomföra en LCA av två olika processteknologier. Resultatet visar att Octapharma idag inkluderar miljöfrågor i vissa typer av projekt, framför allt byggprojekt, men implementeringen i andra projekt kan förbättras. Fortsättningsvis resulterade litteratursökningen och den kvalitativa undersökningen i ett antal förslag på förbättringar i projektmodellen på punkter där miljöfrågor är extra viktiga för slutresultatet. Den jämförande LCAn visade att den ena teknologin hade en betydligt större miljöpåverkan.
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Sherif, Mohamed Ali. "A framework for improving pre-project planning." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6901.
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In recent yerars there has been a general concern over the performance of the UK construction industry. This has been reflected in the reports of Latham (1994) and Egan (1998) stating that the UK is still suffering from underachievements and low productivity. Clients critisise the industry for not always achieving what they need and the majortiy of them are not satisfied with the quality of the construction industry. Many of the problems encountered in the design and construction phases orginate from from the pre-project planning phase. The main problems are frequently attributed to poor planning and poor identification of client needs which act as contributory factors to poor project performance. These problems have led to the need for a change in the construction industry by focusing on the roots of the problems attributed to poor performance. One approach that could help to improve construction performance is to pay more attention to the pre-project planning phase since major decisions concerning the project are made during this phase. The main aim of the research is to develop a framework for improving pre-project planning to enable construction clients overcome the problems that they encounter with other project participants. Such a framework would assisst construction clients to identify and communicate their needs more clearly to other stake holders. The framework provides a comprehensive tool to help solve problems that occur during pre-project planning with respect to project objectives and goals of the construction project to enable performance to be measured and improved. This thesis presents a framework for improving pre-project planning of construction projects. The methodology adopted to conduct the research involved a comprehensive literature review. Critical pre-project planning functions have been presented and tested through the questionnaire survey and case interviews to determine how clients perform pre-project planning
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Reigle, Jennifer A. "Development of an integrated project-level pavement management model using risk analysis." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1634.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 210 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-209).
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Chatzoglou, Prodromos D. "A model for planning the requirements capture and analysis process." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361550.
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Srilatha, Rondla, and Gande Someshwar. "Security Testing for Web Applications in SDLC." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2903.
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Context: In Web applications, the Software vulnerability can be reduced by applying security testing in all phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC). Lot of vulnerabilities might occur if the security testing is applied in the last phase of SDLC. In order to mitigate these vulnerabilities, a lot of rework is required that involves reverse engineering in the development and design phases. To overcome this situation, organizations are shifting from security testing (performed in last phase) towards security testing in the early phases of SDLC. Objectives: The main objectives of this thesis are to gather the benefits and challenges of security testing in the last phase versus security testing in every phase of the SDLC. After gathering, authors want to compare both implementations because these days most organizations are shifting from last phase to every phase of SDLC. Justification to the reason can be achieved by this comparison. Methods: In order to satisfy the objectives of this thesis, a literature review and interviews were conducted. The literature review was conducted by gathering benefits and challenges of last phase and every phase of SDLC. Authors have applied coding technique to the data gathered from literature review. By using the results from literature review, a set of questions were framed. Based on these questions, interviews in various organizations were performed. To analyze the practitioner’s data we used Sorting and Coding technique. Then, we conducted a comparative analysis to compare both results. Results: Application of security testing in the last phase of the SDLC results in a lot of rework which in turn leads to instability in managing the cost, time and resources in an organisation. In order to overcome this, more and more organisations are introducing security testing at each and every phase of SDLC. Conclusions: It can be concluded that every phase of security testing in SDLC has more benefits than applying in last phase of SDLC. To evaluate this process more research is needed to acquire more knowledge of security testing in all phases of SDLC. Through literature review and interviews conducted, it is evident that security testing at early phases causes a reduction in rework which in turn leads to more efficient management of cost, time and resources of a project.+91 8977404640
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Koreňová, L., M. Dillingerová, P. Vankúš, and D. Židová. "Experience with solving real-life math problems in DQME II project." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80425.
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The network "Developing Quality in Mathematics Education II" is a continuation of the associated project "Developing Quality in Mathematics Education" (http://www.dqime.unidortmund. de). In this project participate universities, teacher education institutions and
schools from 11 European countries. Cross-cultural cooperation and exchange of ideas, materials, teachers and pupils support developing quality in mathematics education, especially in the area of mathematical modelling. The quality and application of the developed learning materials is also guaranteed by using, comparing and modifying them in eleven different countries. This comparison leads to an agreement about contents of mathematical learning and teaching in eleven European countries. Thus we want to establish a "European Curriculum for the teaching and learning of mathematics" in the 21st century. A special feature of this project is the strong connection between theory and practice and between the research and development of mathematics education. In this project our Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of Comenius University Bratislava manage testing of translated teaching materials at the high school „Gymnazium Sturovo“. We know that using ICT and didactical software in schools is almost present and wide spread. So we try to focus on several possibilities in solving real-life tasks using this technologies, regard to the fact technologies are hard upon the young generation of students.
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Ramanath, Ana Maria. "The role of information systems development methods in interorganisational systems development." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289900.
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Deschene, Marie. "Embracing security in all phases of the software development life cycle| A Delphi study." Thesis, Capella University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10156658.
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Software is omnipresent from refrigerators to financial institutions. In addition to software that defines cyber system functionality, there is an increasing amount of digitized data on cyber systems. This increasing amount of easily available data has prompted a rise in attacks on cyber systems by globally organized attackers. The solution (which has been proposed by multiple authors) is to plan security into software products throughout all software development phases. This approach constitutes a change in the software development life cycle (SDLC) process. Acceptance and approval from all software development stakeholders is needed to make this type of cultural paradigm shift. A Delphi study into what would encourage software development stakeholders to accept the need for security during software development was performed. Results of the three-round Delphi study revealed education (formal and informal) would increase software development stakeholder understanding of the risks of insecure software and educate stakeholders on how to plan and write more secure software. The Delphi study also revealed that mitigation of time and resource constraints on software projects is needed to encourage software teams to embrace the need and efforts necessary to include security in all phases of the SDLC.
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Thokala, Praveen. "Life cycle cost modelling as an aircraft design decision support tool." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72021/.
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This report summarizes the work that has been carried out as part of the FLAVIIR project, a 5 year research program looking at technologies for future unmanned air vehicles. A novel classication of aircraft product defnition is utilised and a framework to estimate the life cycle cost of aircraft using the product definition is presented. The architecture to estimate the life cycle cost and the associated models are described. The acquisition costs are estimated using a hierarchical structure and a discrete simulation model is used to estimate the maintenance and operation costs. The acquisition cost model uses an object oriented approach with libraries of materials and processes integrated into the cost model. Risk analysis is performed to identify the important design parameters and uncertainty in the model. The acquisition cost model developed has the capability to estimate the costs of aircraft structures manufactured using metal-based materials as well as non-metal-based materials. The discrete event simulation model estimates the operation and maintenance costs of a fleet of aircraft using the mission characteristics, aircraftperformance and the logistics data as input. The aircraft performance parameters are calculated by using aerodynamic analysis along with performance analysis models and the simulation model utilises a novel methodology to link aircraft performance with survivability analysis for estimating the maintenance costs. A framework is presented in which the cost models developed can be integrated into the conceptual design process to facilitate the comparison between different configurations. The usage of the life cycle cost framework as a decision support tool is outlined and three case studies are presented which include composites vs metals trade-off analysis, optimisation studies and web deployment for real time cost estimation. The novel contributions of this research are outlined and interesting avenues for future research that can be pursued are identified.
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Louw, Alet. "The environmental regulation of uranium mines in Namibia : a project life cycle analysis / Louw A." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7600.
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Uranium exploration and mining activities in Namibia have increased rapidly since 2003, which increase not only poses a significant impact on the country’s economy, but also on its unique and pristine natural environment. The nature and extent of the environmental impacts associated with uranium mining requires a sound environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium activities, impacts and aspects during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. It also requires of authorities to establish and enhance environmental protection and sustainability during uranium mining operations and to ensure that all environmental impacts that inevitably occur as a result of uranium mining activities are addressed in a holistic and integrated manner during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. In order to do this the country must develop and maintain an efficient and effective environmental governance regime.
Namibia’s environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium mining does not cover the entire PLC of uranium mining. It is vital that the current loops in the country’s existing environmental regulatory framework be closed and that an efficient and effective environmental governance regime, as envisaged in this study, be established. This will enable the administering agents to actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people, ecosystems, essential ecological processes and the biodiversity of Namibia, as well as the utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis to the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future, as pledged in the Namibian Constitution.Thesis (LL.M. (Environmental law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Palmer, Erika. "Developing and Integrating Life Cycle Management Methods in Project Management Systems : Case: Faveo Prosjektledelse AS." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-24796.
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The goal of this master thesis was to develop life cycle management tools and methods for use in project management. The research questions concerned the practical integration of these tools in a system dynamics perspective and the contribution this can have in creating value. First an introduction of the research area is given, followed by the methods employed, an exploration of the theoretical foundation, a theoretical analysis of how life cycle management in project management can be used, an explanation of the tool that was developed, an explanation of the application of the tool on a project and how it contributes to value creation, and finally a discussion is given followed by a conclusion. The Sustainable Project Life Cycle Management (SPLCM) Guide is the tangible result of this thesis, and it is an easy to use tool that project managers at Faveo (and in other companies) can use in their projects to mitigate the environmental and social impacts of their projects. Using this guide will change the Faveo system (illustrated in the specialization project) and allows the project managers to have a direct relationship with the community and the environment in the life cycle of their projects. The SPLCM Guide not only has the potential to reduce the impact the projects at Faveo have on society and the environment, but it can also create value for the project owners and for Faveo itself. Sustainable value creation meets the needs of stakeholders while creating value for the company, and the SPLCM Guide (in conjunction with other initiatives) can realize this for Faveo.
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Novotný, Tomáš. "Řízení životního cyklu softwarového produktu: teorie a praxe." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81659.
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The work focuses on the life cycle of a product (software) in the company since its development, debugging, through its distribution and subsequent maintenance. The work defined by the individual processes within the life cycle occur, are described and analyzed. Compares the practice, as the software is developed, debugged, distributed and managed in the company where I worked and theory, which is drawn from theoretical studies. In the practical part of the work is focused on software maintenance, especially on the comparison of theory and practical applications. For this purpose I used the experience of JKR, Ltd. In conclusion I devote a section for evaluation of lessons learned and suggestions for improving the life cycle so that in case of their use, could this process work efficiently.
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Shi, Rong, and Jianting Yue. "A new comprehensive map of LCAs for decision makers in China : case study in FAST project." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11100.
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The starting point for this thesis project is the increasing intense demands of using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to improve the environmental performance of projects, i.e. theFive-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope project(FAST project) inChina. As a prevailing systematic and strategic assessment tool, LCA is used to evaluate and assess all environmental impacts of products, services and industrial processes from cradle to grave. It is also well recognized and practiced to achieve the goal of sustainability. Following the increasing trend of sustainable development, the idea of conducting LCA technique is gaining more support from the governments, local authorities and institutes inChina. Still, recent researches have only focused on the technical issues of this tool as such, rather than the context it is involved in. To give a broader perspective instead, this thesis focuses on how to make the rankings and quantitative eco-files generated from LCAs be understood more effectively and easily by the decision makers. An effective and comprehensive map of life cycle assessment building on the results of life cycle assessment is presented.This map in this thesis is named as CLCA. Through ranking and mapping the complicated and recondite environmental performance information from the LCAs, a holistic and systematic view can be provided to the decision makers. Thus, to some extent, this CLCA approach can lend support to strategic decisions making and sustainable development. For this purpose, literature on LCA and literature from relevant disciplines are reviewed. The empirical analysis of FAST project sheds light on that it is necessary to develop a new method that can contribute to convertingcomplicated and reconditedata into a comprehensive and visualized one. Therefore, a survey paper based on the literature review and empirical analysis is designed, distributed and collected. Some influential and necessary essentials of the LCA reports for the decision makers are picked out and summarized in accordance with the results of survey papers. This thesis concludes by presenting a new map of LCA reports and suggestions for further research.
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Eriksson, Malin. "Life Cycle Assessment of Civil Engineering Works : And Application of European Standards on the Mälar Project." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254779.
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In this thesis, a framework is constructed for a life cycle assessment within a civilengineering project. There are various methods available on how to conduct lifecycle assessments and this thesis explores one method related to civil engineeringworks. The assessment follows the structure based in related standards such asEN 15804 which describes how to declare construction products. A working copyof a possible upcoming European level standard for sustainability assessment ofcivil engineering works is also used in the process. The object of assessment arethe materials, concrete and steel, in the retaining walls that are constructed alongthe channel near Södertälje Harbour. This is a part of a larger project, called theMälar Project.The life cycle of these type of constructions often stretches over long periodsof time which leaves a lot of uncertainties while estimating the impacts during thelater life stages. The research problem is much about how to handle the differentmodules of the life cycle regarding civil engineering works.Example data were collected and presented for each module of the life stage.The results of the example data showed that most of the impact came from theproduct stage. The conclusions are that the collection of data should be an integratedpart in the operating procedures for the company for a more efficientprocess, Environmental Product Declarations are a good source of data and standardson European level gives good guidelines on how to conduct a life cycleassessment for civil engineering projects.I detta examensarbete konstrueras ett ramverk för hur en livscykelanalys kan utförasinom väg- och vattenbyggnad. Det finns många olika riktlinjer för hur enlivscykelanalys kan utföras och i detta examensarbete utforskas en metod för projektinom väg- och vattenbyggnad. Arbetet följer strukturen ur EN 15804 sombeskriver hur man bedömer byggprodukter. Ett arbetsexemplar av en ny, möjligstandard på Europanivå för miljöbedömning av projekt inom väg- och vatten användsockså i processen. Det som bedöms via livscykelanalys i denna studie är deingående materialen, stål och betong, i hållväggarna som byggs längs med kanalenvid Södertälje Hamn. Detta är en del av ett större projekt, kallat Mälarprojektet.Livscyklerna för denna typ av projekt är oftast väldigt långa vilket skapar enosäkerhet i data då påverkan för senare delar av livscykeln behöver uppskattas.Problematiken som presenteras handlar mycket om hur modulerna för livscykelnska behandlas för denna typ av projekt.Exempeldata samlades in för de olika modulerna och presenterades i tabellersom täcker alla relevanta delar av livscykeln. Resultatet av exempeldatan visadeatt den mesta påverkan kom från produktstadiet. De slutsatser som dras är attinsamlingen av data bör vara en integrerad del av företagets arbetsmetod fören effektiv process, miljödeklarationer är en bra källa till data och standards påEuropanivå ger bra guidelinjer för hur en livscykelanalys kan utföras för liknandeprojekt.
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Liljenström, Carolina. "Life cycle assessment in early planning of transport systems : Decision support at project and network levels." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet, utvärdering och styrning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239600.
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The Swedish Climate Policy Framework implies that the Swedish transport sector must reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to nearly zero by 2045. Previous studies have – using life cycle assessment – shown that indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the vehicle and infrastructure life cycle are significant and should be considered in transport policy and planning of transport systems, in addition to direct emissions of vehicle operation. The aim of this thesis is to contribute with knowledge on climate impact and primary energy use of transport systems for decision-support in early planning at project and network levels, and evaluate and demonstrate how life cycle climate impact and primary energy use can be assessed in early planning. This thesis includes three papers that contribute to achieving this aim. Paper I developed a methodological approach to assess annual climate impact and primary energy use of Swedish road, rail, air, and sea transport infrastructure at a network level. Paper II then expanded this system to the assessment of the Swedish transport system at a network level, including national and international freight and passenger transport by road, rail, air, and sea. At the project level, Paper III examined how LCA can be used as decision-support in choice of road corridor, considering the practical prerequisite of data availability in early planning and usefulness of results in the decision-making process. Paper I showed that the annual climate impact of Swedish transport infrastructure is around 3 million tonnes CO2 equivalents and that the annual primary energy use is around 27 TWh. Road infrastructure accounted for the largest proportion of impacts – around 70% of the climate impact and around 80% of the energy use. Paper II showed that the annual climate impact of the Swedish transport system was around 44 million tonnes CO2 equivalents and the primary energy use was around 178 TWh. Road transport and aviation together accounted for 90% of the climate impact and primary energy use. Indirect impacts were significant, especially for road and rail transport, accounting for 30% of the total climate impact and primary energy use. Paper III found that (1) collection of project specific data should focus on parameters that differentiate the road corridors, that can be influenced in early planning, and that are not directly related to the road length and (2) life cycle assessment based models used in early planning should include nation specific generic data approved by the national road authority.QC 20181128
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Ng, Cheong Tin Marie Melina. "ERP projects : an examination of the factors influencing additional unplanned effort in the project life-cycle." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11348.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-143).For over a decade, ERP systems have been the target of significant amounts of investment in organisations. Some have reaped the benefits anticipated while others struggle to achieve the required level of success. In fact, based on available statistics, numerous organisations have faced problems in keeping their allocated budget and time schedules on track often facing the threat of failure, escalation or significant redirection in their projects. As a result, organisations are seen to spend what can be termed as additional unplanned effort (AUE) in order to try and achieve a certain level of success given budget and time constraints. Using the concept called AUE, derived from topics such as ERP project success and failure, the ERP life-cycle framework and critical success factors (CSFs) relevant to the life-cycle phases, this study attempted to investigate the factors that influence AUE in the phases ofthe ERP life-cycle which in this study consist of the pre-implementation and implementation phases specifically. A sub-objective was also to investigate the possible influence that the presence of factors, responsible for escalation of commitment (EoC) in IT projects, have on AUE in ERP projects. Based on a qualitative mUltiple case-study of 5 ERP projects at different organisations, results showed that there are several factors that influence AUE in satisfying CSFs in each phase of the life-cycle. Particularly, in the pre-implementation phase, factors such as the justification for ERP adoption, the formalisation of an ERP vision, the finalisation of an ERP package choice, the stability of organisational structure, the organisation and flow of the acquisition process, the nature of market conditions and the type of internal and external partnership were found important in influencing AUE in that phase. In the implementation phase factors such as the formalisation of an implementation strategy, the management of organisational momentum and resistance to change, the maintenance of external partnership relationships, conditions external to the organisation, the nature of the organisation and the management of project factors were found important.
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Chen, Chen. "Soft Computing-based Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Tools for Transportation Infrastructure Management." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28214.
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Increasing demands, shrinking financial and human resources, and increased infrastructure deterioration have made the task of maintaining the infrastructure systems more challenging than ever before. Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is an important tool for transportation infrastructure management, which is used extensively to support project level decisions, and is increasingly being applied to enhance network level analysis. However, traditional LCCA tools cannot practically and effectively utilize expert knowledge and handle ambiguous uncertainties.
The main objective of this dissertation was to develop enhanced LCCA models using soft computing (mainly fuzzy logic) techniques. The proposed models use available "real-world" information to forecast life-cycle costs of competing maintenance and rehabilitation strategies and support infrastructure management decisions. A critical review of available soft computing techniques and their applications in infrastructure management suggested that these techniques provide appealing alternatives for supporting many of the infrastructure management functions. In particular, LCCA often utilizes information that is uncertain, ambiguous and incomplete, which is obtained from both existing databases and expert opinion. Consequently, fuzzy logic techniques were selected to enhance life-cycle cost analysis of transportation infrastructure investments because they provide a formal approach for the effective treatment of these types of information.
The dissertation first proposes a fuzzy-logic-based decision-support model, whose inference rules can be customized according to agency's management policies and expert opinion. The feasibility and practicality of the proposed model is illustrated by its implementation in a life-cycle cost analysis algorithm for comparing and selecting pavement maintenance, rehabilitation and reconstruction (MR&R) policies.
To enhance the traditional probabilistic LCCA model, the fuzzy-logic-based model is then incorporated into the risk analysis process. A fuzzy logic approach for determining the timing of pavement MR&R treatments in a probabilistic LCCA model for selecting pavement MR&R strategies is proposed. The proposed approach uses performance curves and fuzzy-logic triggering models to determine the most effective timing of pavement MR&R activities. The application of the approach in a case study demonstrates that the fuzzy-logic-based risk analysis model for LCCA can effectively produce results that are at least comparable to those of the benchmark methods while effectively considering some of the ambiguous uncertainty inherent to the process. Finally, the research establishes a systematic method to calibrate the fuzzy-logic based rehabilitation decision model using real cases extracted from the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. By reinterpreting the model in the form of a neuro-fuzzy system, the calibration algorithm takes advantage of the learning capabilities of artificial neural networks for tuning the fuzzy membership functions and rules. The practicality of the method is demonstrated by successfully tuning the treatment selection model to distinguish between rehabilitation (light overlay) and do-nothing cases.Ph. D.
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Hunt, Christopher F. "Cost and benefit analysis for the development of a software information system." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1997. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12162009-020123/.
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Whitehead, Beth. "Life cycle assessment of data centres and the development of a software tool for its applications." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593644.
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Data centre metrics have historically used operational efficiency as a proxy for sustainability, because of the industry’s heavy reliance on power. More recently the industry has begun to recognise that its focus needs to go beyond energy consumption, with the creation of metrics for issues such as carbon, water and compute efficiency. However, single-issue metrics often consider only the operational phase, omitting impacts from other issues, during other stages in a facility’s lifetime. Further approaches exist to assess more holistically the impact of data centres, such as building environmental assessment methods, but none have the capacity to capture fully the interlinked nature of a system, where improvements in one area and to one impact, can adversely affect a totally different area and totally different impacts. The main aims of the research presented in this thesis are therefore to: benchmark the environmental impact of an existing data centre using life cycle assessment (LCA); compile a framework of components that should always be included to understand the effects of future technological advances on the whole system; determine areas within the facility that are currently sensitive to change; and establish a tool to expedite the application of LCA in the design and operation of data centres. The results of the LCA are found to present a cogent argument for the need to assess more holistically the environmental impact of data centres. Dominance of the operational phase to the overall impact, of which the IT provides the most significant contribution, and the severity of the impact on human health is concluded. Due to the use of free cooling, the embodied impact of the IT is found to be greater than the combined operational impact of the mechanical and electrical services. Although the total life cycle impact is dominated by the effects of electricity production, the second most significant impact derives from the disposal of waste products arising from the refining of metals that are used to manufacture IT components and electricity distribution networks. Finally, the release of carcinogens is found to be one of the largest contributors to the whole life cycle impact, and is almost equal in value between the embodied and operational phases. From the results it is concluded that three parameters are sensitive to changes in the design of a data centre and influence the overall impact: the level of energy consumed in operation for the IT equipment, cooling, and power delivery; the energy mix used to provide electricity; and the total IT equipment used in the facility’s lifetime. Finally, the model and framework are used to develop a novel tool for the fast application of LCA to data centres. Evolutionary for the industry, the tool provides decision support, coupling the environmental impact of the facility with the decisions made during their design and operation, and the means for mass benchmarking and a future LCA rating system.
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Aucamp, Ilse Carin. "The role and the place of social impact assessment in the project life cycle / Ilse C. Aucamp." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/351.
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Social lmpact Assessment is a relatively new field of study in South Africa and
abroad. It is dynamic and constantly changes as it develops. Current literature
indicates that there is a need for SIA to be done through all phases of the project life
cycle. The assumption made in this study is that this is not happening in practice.
This study investigated the current practices in South Africa. Six case studies were
analysed. The results confirmed the assumptions. The case studies were measured
against the principles of Social lrnpact Assessment, lntegrated Environmental
Management and Social Development. The main recommendations are that Social
lmpact Assessments should be conducted throughout the Project Life Cycle and be
initiated as early in the planning phase as possible. It is recommended that Social
lmpact Practitioners should be exposed to the Social Development approach as
these two philosophies could enhance each other. Social Impact Assessment forms
part of the Integrated Environmental Management tools, and shouldn't be treated as
a snapshot assessment, but as a process. Only when treated as a process, it can
truly contribute to sustainable development.Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Van, der Walt Lizenka. "The application of necessary but not sufficient principles to the implementation of product lifecycle management software." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1261.
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