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1

Nakamura, Junichi. "A Software System for Machine Translation." Kyoto University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/162227.

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2

Gow, Francie. "Metrics for evaluating translation memory software." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26375.

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Translation memory (TM) tools help human translators recycle portions of their previous work by storing previously translated material. In conventional TM tools, the aligned texts are divided into sentence-level source and target translation units for storage in the database. Each sentence of a new source text is compared with the units stored in the database, and the tool proposes matches that are exact or similar. This is referred to as a sentence-based approach to search and retrieval. A different and more recently developed approach involves storing full source- and target-text pairs (known as bitexts) in the database and identifying identical character strings of any length. This is referred to as a character-string-within-a-bitext (CSB)-based approach to search and retrieval. Because the second approach is more recent, traditional techniques for evaluating TM tools do not take into account this fundamental difference. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to design and develop a new evaluation methodology that can be used to compare the two approaches to search and retrieval fairly and systematically, first by defining "usefulness" as a measurable attribute, then by measuring the usefulness of the output of each approach in an identical translation context. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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3

Bala, Kavita. "Software management techniques for translation lookaside buffers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36539.

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4

Alrajeh, Abdullah. "Large-scale reordering models for statistical machine translation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/382718/.

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In state-of-the-art phrase-based statistical machine translation systems (SMT), modelling phrase reorderings is an important need to enhance naturalness of the translate outputs, particularly when the grammatical structures of the language pairs differ significantly. The challenge in developing machine learning methods for machine translation can be summarised in two points. First is the ability to characterise language features such as morphology, syntax and semantics. Second is adapting complex learning algorithms to process large corpora. Posing phrase movements as a classification problem, we exploit recent developments in solving large-scale SVM, Multiclass SVM and Multinomial Logistic Regression. Using dual coordinate descent methods for learning, we provide a mechanism to shrink the amount of training data required for each iteration. Hence, we produce significant saving in time and memory while preserving the accuracy of the models. These efficient classifiers allow us to build large-scale discriminative reordering models. We also explore a generative learning approach namely naive Bayes. Our Bayesian model is shown to be superior to the widely-used lexicalised reordering model. It is fast to train and the storage requirement is many times smaller than the lexicalised model. Although discriminative models might achieve higher accuracy than naive Bayes, the absence of iterative learning is a critical advantage for very large corpora. Our reordering models are fully integrated with the Moses machine translation system, widely used in the community. Evaluated in large-scale translation tasks, our model have proved successful for two very different language pairs: Arabic-English and German-English.
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Diniak, Victor J. "Wire service translation software for the Boston Community Information System." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79448.

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Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1986.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING<br>Bibliography: leaf 120.<br>by Victor J. Diniak.<br>B.S.
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Millington, M. "Theories of translation correctness for concurrent programming languages." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370892.

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RIBEIRO, GABRIELA CASTELO BRANCO. "MACHINE TRANSLATION EVALUATION FOR THE SOFTWARE LOCALIZATION INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9105@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Este estudo foi motivado pela utilização, ainda em caráter experimental, de um tradutor automático por uma empresa multinacional de localização de software. A fim de contribuir para essa iniciativa pioneira no país, propomos uma avaliação do programa, enfocando as implicações da utilização desta tecnologia no processo de localização de software. Empregamos a taxonomia proposta pelo FEMTI (Framework for the Evaluation of Machine Translation in ISLE), desenvolvida especialmente para a avaliação de tradução automática, com base nas normas ISO/IEC de qualidade de software. São considerados aspectos operacionais, como a integração do sistema de tradução automática às ferramentas de memória de tradução, bem como questões relacionadas à linguagem. O corpus utilizado para a avaliação foi um manual de usuário de um telefone celular. Além dos problemas lingüísticos recorrentes na maioria das ferramentas de tradução automática disponíveis atualmente, são analisados os desvios relacionados à tradução da interface com o usuário, mais especificamente aos menus do telefone celular. Esses desvios são discutidos dentro das categorias pertinentes da taxonomia do FEMTI e, sempre que possível, foram sugeridas soluções. Para complementar a análise lingüística, apresentamos outros três estudos realizados para o português. Nossos resultados indicam que o sistema pode ser bem-sucedido neste mercado em função principalmente da delimitação do domínio e da adoção dos procedimentos impostos pelo processo de localização. Esse sucesso depende da integração do tradutor automático às memórias de tradução e de investimentos relativamente pequenos na atualização dos recursos lingüísticos (regras gramaticais e dicionários) para refletir as características próprias do domínio e do tipo de texto.<br>This study was motivated by the trial implementation of a machine translation engine by a multinational software localization company. In order to contribute to this innovative experiment in the Brazilian market, we evaluate the engine, focusing on the implications of its implementation in the software localization industry. We use the FEMTI (Framework for the Evaluation of Machine Translation in ISLE) taxonomy, which is based on the ISO/IEC guidelines for software evaluation. Operational aspects, such as the engine s integration with translation memory tools, are taken into consideration, as well as language issues. Our evaluation is based on the machine translated version of a mobile phone user guide. In addition to the language problems common to most machine translation engines currently available, we analyze issues related to the user interface, particularly to the phone menus. These problems are discussed as examples of each related FEMTI topic and we suggest solutions whenever possible. To add to our language evaluation, we present three other studies dedicated to Portuguese. Our results indicate the engine can be successful in this industry mainly in terms of domain restriction and localization workflow procedures. Its success depends on its integration to translation memory tools and requires relatively little investment in updating the language resources (rules and dictionaries) to reflect the language characteristics specific to domain and text type.
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Hermelin, Leidefors Madelen. "In-Place Translation in Software Development : A Design Science Research Approach." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294704.

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Computers have been used for natural language translation sincethe 1940s. The role for computers to support translation work has expandedsince the commercialisation of the Internet in the early 1990s.As an implication of ’crowd sourcing’, translation is now supportedby users through community translation, meaning that people - usersof web sites - actively translate web sites into different languages. Inthis thesis we will present Babbler - a novel concept for communitytranslation. Following a design science research approach, a softwarewas designed and implemented in an information systems developmentproject. We present our conceptual design and its software implementation,and evaluate it using different techniques, including log analysis,interviews with translators, and an informed argument contrastingour design to other community translation approaches. The evaluationaddresses various qualities of the design, including effectiveness, efficiency,reliability, workflow, implementability and performance. Basedon our results, we reflect about translations to different target groups(based on demographics such as gender, age and culture), informedby an explorative analysis of translation results in the empirical context.We also show further implications for future design of communitytranslation artefacts, and future research in the area.
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Yang, Letu. "The automated translation of integrated formal specifications into concurrent programs." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/63157/.

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The PROB model checker [LB03] provides tool support for an integrated formal specification approach, which combines the state-based B specification language [Abr96] with the event-based process algebra CSP [Hoa78]. The JCSP package [WM00b] presents a concurrent Java implementation for CSP/occam. In this thesis, we present a developing strategy for implementing such a combined specification as a concurrent Java program. The combined semantics in PROB is flexible and ideal for model checking, but is too abstract to be implemented in programming languages. Also, although the JCSP package gave us significant inspiration for implementing formal specifications in Java, we argue that it is not suitable for directly implementing the combined semantics in PROB. Therefore, we started with defining a restricted semantics from the original one in PROB. Then we developed a new Java package, JCSProB, for implementing the restricted semantics in Java. The JCSProB package implements multi-way synchronization with choice for the combined B and CSP event, as well as a new multi-threading mechanism at process level. Also, a GUI sub-package is designed for constructing GUI programs for JCSProB to allow user interaction and runtime assertion checking. A set of translation rules relates the integrated formal models to Java and JCSProB, and we also implement these rules in an automated translation tool for automatically generating Java programs from these models. To demonstrate and exercise the tool, several B/CSP models, varying both in syntactic structure and behavioural properties, are translated by the tool. The models manifest the presence and absence of various safety, deadlock, and fairness properties; the generated Java code is shown to faithfully reproduce them. Run-time safety and fairness assertion checking is also demonstrated. We also experimented with composition and decomposition on several combined models, as well as the Java programs generated from them. Composition techniques can help the user to develop large distributed systems, and can significantly improve the scalability of the development of the combined models of PROB.
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Asare, Edmund K. "An Ethnographic Study of the Use of Translation Tools in a Translation Agency: Implications for Translation Tool Design." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1310587792.

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Ibrahim-Sakre, Mohammed M. A. "A fast and expert machine translation system involving Arabic language." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305302.

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12

Ordonio, Robert Romero. "An automated tool to facilitate code translation for software fault tree analysis." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA273205.

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13

Cassano, Marianna. "Proposta di sottotitolaggio del film Hamilton: an American musical utilizzando il software di sottotitolazione automatica Matesub." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24888/.

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Il presente elaborato è una proposta di sottotitolaggio del film Hamilton: an American musical, svolta utilizzando il software di traduzione e creazione automatica di sottotitoli Matesub. Il primo capitolo presenta il film in analisi, fornendone la trama e osservando l’impatto politico e sociale che ha avuto sulla società statunitense. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato alla traduzione automatica, fornendone inizialmente una panoramica storica, dai primi sistemi a quelli moderni, per poi illustrarne le diverse architetture esistenti. Il terzo capitolo fornisce una panoramica sulla traduzione audiovisiva, per poi soffermarsi sul sottotitolaggio ed elencarne le caratteristiche principali. Viene poi svolto un approfondimento sulla traduzione canora, in particolare sul sottotitolaggio, ed infine vengono illustrati alcuni esempi di traduzione di musical. Il quarto capitolo tratta il rapporto tra traduzione audiovisiva e tecnologia, soffermandosi sui progetti che hanno applicato la traduzione automatica a quella audiovisiva. A conclusione del capitolo, viene introdotto Matesub, il software utilizzato per questa proposta di sottotitolaggio. Il quinto ed ultimo capitolo è dedicato al commento del processo di sottotitolaggio; in un primo momento viene illustrato il funzionamento di Matesub e successivamente vengono elencante le sfide traduttive incontrate nella traduzione verso l’italiano.
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14

Kågström, Simon. "Tools, Techniques, and Trade-offs when Porting Large Software Systems to New Environments." Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola [bth.se], School of Engineering - Dept. of Systems and Software Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00402.

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Computer hardware and software evolve very fast. With the advent of chip-multiprocessors and symmetric multithreading, multiprocessor hardware configurations are becoming prevalent. For software, new hardware and requirements such as security, performance and maintainability drive the development of new runtime environments, virtual machines and programming methodologies. These trends present problems when porting legacy software. Multiprocessor hardware require ports of uniprocessor operating system kernels while new software environments might require that programs have to be ported to different languages. This thesis examines the tradeoff between performance and development effort for software porting with case studies in operating system porting to multiprocessors and tool support for porting C and C++ applications to Java virtual machines. The thesis consists of seven papers. The first paper is a survey of existing multiprocessor development approaches and focuses on the tradeoff between performance and implementation effort. The second and third papers describe the evolution a traditional lock-based multiprocessor port, going from a serialized “giant locked” port and evolving into a coarse-grained implementation. The fourth paper instead presents an alternative porting approach which aims to minimize development effort. The fifth paper describes a tool for efficient instrumentation of programs, which can be used during the development of large software systems such as operating system kernels. The sixth and seventh papers finally describe a binary translator which translates MIPS binaries into Java bytecode to allow low-effort porting of C and C++ applications to Java virtual machines. The first main contributions of this thesis is an in-depth investigation of the techniques used when porting operating system kernels to multiprocessors, focusing on development effort and performance. The traditional approach used in the second and third papers required longer development time than expected, and the alternative approach in the fourth paper can therefore be preferable in some cases. The second main contribution is the development of a binary translator that targets portability of C and C++ applications to J2ME devices. The last two papers show that the approach is functional and has good enough performance to be feasible in real-life situations.
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Akehurst, David H. "Model translation : a UML-based specification technique and active implementation approach." Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/21926/.

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Many software applications involve models of data that are manipulated by the application. There is often a need to transform (or translate) the data from one model, into another in which the data is differently structured. In addition, there is an increasing requirement to pass data between different applications, which invariably have different formats for their data models. Both of these issues require a translation of the modelled data from one form to another. The process of translating a model from one form to another is known as model transformation or model translation. The literature on model transformation includes a number of techniques for specifying transformations. However, the majority of these techniques are grammar-based specifications, many of which use a textual grammar, although some make use of graphical (graph) grammars. These subsequently lead to a monolithic one-step implementation process that performs the transformation. This thesis addresses two issues that are related to the area of model transformation. Firstly, it addresses the need for a standard notation that can be used for writing model translator specifications. Secondly, a technique for implementing model translators is developed that actively performs the transformation. Rather than a single step process, that must be executed every time the source model changes, the active implementation approach presented performs a continuous translation updating the target model every time a change is made to the source model. The specification technique makes use of the standardised Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Object Constraint Language (OCL) for specifying a transformation relationship between two object-oriented models, each of which is also specified using UML and OCL. The implementation approach uses an event-based version of the observer pattern enabling the construction of translator to be formed from a number of mini-translator parts, each of which monitors a small set of components. These mini-translators act upon events generated by the model components and update the transformed components to reflect the changes. The specification and implementation techniques described can be applied to many problem areas. In particular this thesis discusses their application to Multiple View Visual Languages (i.e. the UML itself) and automatic performance model generation.
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Khan, Mohammad Abid. "The use of text-based approach in natural language translation by computer." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278760.

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Tristan, Jean-Baptiste. "Formal verification of translation validators." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00437582.

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Comme tout logiciel, les compilateurs, et tout particulièrement les compilateurs optimisant, peuvent être défectueux. Il est donc possible qu'ils changent la sémantique du programme compilé, et par conséquent ses propriétés. Dans le cadre de développement de logiciels critiques, où des méthodes formelles sont utilisées pour s'assurer qu'un programme satisfait certaines propriétés, et cela avant qu'il soit compilé, cela pose un problème de fond. Une solution à ce problème est de vérifier le compilateur en s'assurant qu'il préserve la sémantique des programmes compilés. Dans cette thèse, nous évaluons une méthode nouvelle pour développer des passes de compilations sûres: la vérification formelle de validateurs de traduction. D'une part, cette méthode utilise la vérification formelle à l'aide d'assistant de preuve afin d'offrir le maximum de garanties de sûreté sur le compilateur. D'autre part, elle repose sur l'utilisation de la validation de traduction, où chaque exécution du compilateur est validée a posteriori, une méthode de vérification plus pragmatique qui a permis de vérifier des optimisations avancées. Nous montrons que cette approche nouvelle du problème de la vérification de compilateur est viable, et même avantageuse dans certains cas, à travers quatre exemples d'optimisations réalistes et agressives: le list scheduling, le trace scheduling, le lazy code motion et enfin le software pipelining.
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Braghittoni, Laura. "La localizzazione software: proposta di traduzione della documentazione di memoQ." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20421/.

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ABSTRACT The modern world is becoming every day more and more tied to technology. The technological development of the last thirty years has led us to live in a digital world dominated by the Internet, which today reaches more than 4 billion users worldwide. Thus computers, smartphones and tablets are now part of everyday life for more and more people. Behind the worldwide spread of modern technologies we find localization, which plays a key role in our society, despite being barely known by non-experts. Every day localization enables users all around the world to access digital products and content in their own language, thus becoming essential in today’s digital world. Given the author’s interest in translation technologies, the subject of this thesis is the localization of the guide memoQ 8.7 Getting Started from English into Italian. The guide is part of the user documentation of memoQ, a software for Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) used by many professional translators. Chapter 1 starts by introducing the historical background of localization, from its origin to the consolidation of the localization industry, and then provides an overview of previous literature, focusing mainly on the process of software localization. Chapter 2 presents the localization project and all the activities carried out prior to the translation, including the analysis of the source text. The localization of the memoQ guide is the focus of Chapter 3, in which some of the most interesting aspects that emerged in the translation process are examined. Finally, Chapter 4 addresses the increasingly popular topic of Machine Translation (MT): after providing a general overview, the human translation of the memoQ guide is compared to the translation performed by the MT system DeepL.
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Sun, Sanjun. "Measuring difficulty in English-Chinese translation: Towards a general model of translation difficulty." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340740285.

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Kannikanti, Rajesh. "An android application for the USDA structural design software." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15977.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Computing and Information Sciences<br>Mitchell L. Neilsen<br>People are more inclined to use tablets instead of other computing devices due to their portability and ease of use. A number of desktop applications are now becoming available as tablet applications, with increasing demand in the market. Android is one of the largest and most popular open source platforms that offer developers complete access to framework APIs in order to develop innovative tablet applications. The objective of this project is to develop an Android application for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Structural Design Software. The GUI for this software is developed to run on tablet devices powered by Android platform. The main features provided by the User Interface include: • Allowing the input to be saved in ASCII text format and displaying the simulation results in PDF format • Allowing the user to select the type of project or view help contents for the projects • Allowing the user to build the simulation for the selected type of project • Allowing the user to send the simulation results to an e-mail The backend for this software is supposed to replace the old FORTRAN source files with Java source files. FORTRAN to Java translation is performed using the FORTRAN to Java (F2J) translator. F2J is intended to translate old FORTRAN math libraries, but was not completely successful in translating these FORTRAN programs. To accomplish successful translation, some features (such as Common Blocks, IO operations) were removed from the FORTRAN source files before translation. After successful translation, the removed features were added again to the translated Java source files. The simulation results provided by the software are useful to design engineers to develop new structural designs.
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Sanjabi, Sam Bakhtiar. "A semantics for aspects by compositional translation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9cb4d365-afb9-4f9f-b18b-59857e2c85d6.

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We analyse the semantics of aspect-oriented extensions to functional languages by presenting compositional translations of these primitives into languages with traditional notions of state and control. As a first step, we examine an existing semantic description of aspects which allows the labelling of program points. We show that a restriction of these semantics to aspects which do not preempt the execution of code can be fully abstractly translated into a functional calculus with higher order references, but that removing this restriction requires a notion of exception handling to be added to the target language in order to yield a sound semantics. Next, we proceed to show that abandoning the labelling technique, and consequently relaxing the so-called ``obliviousness'' property of aspectual languages, allows preemptive aspects to be included in the general references model without the need for exceptions. This means that the game model of general references is inherited by the aspect calculus. The net result is a clean semantic description of aspect-orientation, which mirrors recently published techniques for their implementation, and thereby provides theoretical justification for these systems. The practical validity of our semantics is demonstrated by implementing extensions to the basic calculus in Standard ML, and showing how a number of useful aspect-oriented features can be expressed using general references alone. Our theoretical methodology closely follows the proof structure that often appears in the game semantics literature, and therefore provides an operational perspective on notions such as ``bad variables'' and factorisation theorems.
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Ayar, Yusuf Yavuz. "Design And Simulation Of A Flash Translation Layer Algorithm." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611995/index.pdf.

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Flash Memories have been widely used as a storage media in electronic devices such as USB flash drives, mobile phones and cameras. Flash Memory offers a portable and non-volatile de- sign, which can be carried to everywhere without data loss. It is durable against temperature and humidity. With all these advantages, Flash Memory gets popular day by day. However, Flash Memory has also some disadvantages, such as erase-before restriction and erase limi- tation of each individual block. Erase-before restriction pushes every single writable unit to be erased before an update operation. Another limitation is that every block can be erased up to a fixed number. Flash Translation Layer - FTL is the solution for these disadvantages. Flash Translation Layer is a software module inside the Flash Memory working between the operating system and the memory. FTL tries to reduce these disadvantages of Flash Memory via implementing garbage collector, address mapping scheme, error correcting and many oth- ers. There are various Flash Translation Layer software. Some of them have been reviewed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages. The study aims at designing, implementing and simulating a NAND type FTL algorithm.
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Pun, Chi Man. "A Portuguese-Chinese corpus-based machine translation system." Thesis, University of Macau, 1997. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636986.

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Wu, Fei. "An online domain-based Portuguese-Chinese machine translation system." Thesis, University of Macau, 1999. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636999.

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Silveira, Fausto Magalhães da. "Terminologia e tradução na localização de software : insumos para o processamento da linguagem natural." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79460.

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Este trabalho centra-se no processo de QA (na sigla em inglês para quality assurance – ou garantia da qualidade em português) que é feito no setor da localização, visando a melhorar o trabalho do tradutor. Localização consiste em um processo e um campo de atuação profissio-nal que visam a adaptar produtos (geralmente de software) segundo o idioma e as convenções culturais de determinada localidade com o objetivo facilitar a entrada de um produto ou servi-ço em um país ou mercado. Com relação ao QA, uma de suas etapas consiste na validação da terminologia de um projeto de tradução. O QA terminológico envolve o uso de um software que verifica se a terminologia aplicável é usada na tradução. As ocorrências que o software considera incorretas são salvas em uma lista de validação terminológica, que é conferida nor-malmente por um tradutor ou editor. Itens que o tradutor considerar incorretos são corrigidos na tradução; os demais são descartados. Por ignorar aspectos linguísticos, o software gera muito ruído, ou falsos positivos, resultando em listas extensas, que não compensam o tempo dedicado a sua revisão. A fim de prover insumos para solucionar o problema, este trabalho emprega uma abordagem comunicativa, cognitiva e funcional à terminologia e à tradução para analisar uma lista de validação terminológica, em um projeto de localização real, no par de idiomas inglês dos Estados Unidos e português do Brasil. Para tal fim, foi gerada uma lista de validação por meio de um software de QA usado na área da localização. Ocorrências dessa lista foram analisadas e classificadas segundo critérios de base fraseológica, variacional e tra-dutória, além de morfológica e discursiva. O objetivo é oferecer subsídios que norteiem o desenvolvimento de aplicações computacionais linguisticamente motivadas que reduzam a incidência de ruído nestas listas. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte do ruído decorre de fatores linguísticos gerais, como morfológicos e discursivos, indicando também que 1/3 des-tes coocorrem com fenômenos fraseológicos, variacionais e tradutórios.<br>This paper focuses on the process of Quality Assurance (QA) that is undertaken by the Local-ization industry, aiming at improving the work of translators. Location consists of a process and a professional field whose purpose is to adapt goods or services (usually software-related) according to the language and cultural conventions of a particular locale in order to facilitate market penetration in a given country or market. One of the QA stages consists of validating the terminology on a translation project. The QA for terminology makes use of software to check if the applicable terminology is used in translation. Occurrences that the software iden-tifies as incorrect are saved in a list for terminology validation. The list is usually reviewed by a translator or an editor. The items considered incorrect by the translator are corrected in the translation, and the remaining entries are discarded. Because the software does not take lan-guage aspects into account, a good deal of noise is generated, resulting in large lists that are not cost-effective or time-efficient to review. With the purpose of providing input to solve the problem, this work employs a communicative, cognitive and functional approach to terminol-ogy and translation for the analysis of a terminology validation list in U.S. English and Brazil-ian Portuguese, on a genuine localization project. To complete this task, a list for validation was generated via a well-known QA software product used in the Localization field. Occur-rences from the generated list were analyzed and categorized according to phraseological, variational and translational criteria in addition to morphological and discursive criteria. The objective is providing input to drive the development of linguistically motivated computer applications that may reduce the incidence of noise on the lists. Results show that most of the noise is due to general linguistic factors, such as morphological and discourse aspects, also suggesting that 1/3 of that noise occurs simultaneously with phraseological, variational and translational phenomena.
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Doni, Pracner. "Translation and Transformation of Low Level Programs." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110184&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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This thesis presents an approach for working with low level source code that enables automatic restructuring and raising the abstraction level of the programs. This makes it easier to understand the logic of the program, which in turn reduces the development time.The process in this thesis was designed to be flexible and consists of several independent tools. This makes the process easy to adapt as needed, while at the same time the developed tools can be used for other processes. There are usually two basic steps. First is the translation to WSL language, which has a great number of semantic preserving program transformations. The second step are the transformations of the translated WSL. Two tools were developed for translation: one that works with a subset of x86 assembly, and another that works with MicroJava bytecode. The result of the translation is a low level program in WSL.The primary goal of this thesis was to fully automate the selection of the transformations. This enables users with no domain&nbsp; knowledge to efficiently use this process as needed. At the same time, the flexibility of the process enables experienced users to adapt it as needed or integrate it into other processes. The automation was achieved with a <em>hill climbing </em>algorithm.Experiments that were run on several types of input programs showed that the results can be excellent. The fitness function used was a built-in metric that gives the &ldquo;weight&rdquo; of structures in a program. On input samples that had original high level source codes, the end result metrics of the translated and transformed programs were comparable. On some samples the result was even better than the originals, on some others they were somewhat more complex. When comparing with low level original source code, the end results was always significantly improved.<br>U okviru ove teze se predstavlja pristup radu sa programima niskog nivoa koji omogućava automatsko restrukturiranje i podizanje na vi&scaron;e nivoe. Samim tim postaje mnogo lak&scaron;e razumeti logiku programa &scaron;to smanjuje vreme razvoja.Proces je dizajniran tako da bude fleksibilan i sastoji se od vi&scaron;e nezavisnih alata. Samim tim je lako menjati proces po potrebi, ali i upotrebiti razvijene alate u drugim procesima. Tipično se mogu razlikovati dva glavna koraka. Prvi je prevođenje u jezik WSL,za koji postoji veliki broj transformacija programa koje očuvavaju semantiku. Drugi su transformacije u samom WSL-u. Za potrebe prevođenja su razvijena dva alata, jedan koji radi sa podskupom x86 asemblera i drugi koji radi sa MikroJava bajtk&ocirc;dom. Rezultat prevođenja je program niskog nivoa u WSL jeziku.Primarni cilj ovog istraživanja je bila potpuna automatizacija odabira transformacija, tako da i korisnici bez iskustva u radu sa sistemom mogu efikasno da primene ovaj proces za svoje potrebe. Sa druge strane zbog fleksibilnosti procesa, iskusni korisnici mogu lakoda ga pro&scaron;ire ili da ga integri&scaron;u u neki drugi već postojeći&nbsp;&nbsp; proces.Automatizacija je&nbsp; postignuta pretraživanjem usponom (eng. hill climbing).Eksperimenti vr&scaron;eni na nekoliko tipova ulaznih programa niskog nivoa su pokazali da rezultati mogu biti&nbsp; izuzetni. Za funkciju pogodnosti je kori&scaron;ćena ugrađena metrika koja daje &ldquo;težinu&rdquo; struktura u programu. Kod ulaza za koje je originalni izvorni k&ocirc;d bio dostupan, krajnje metrike najboljih varijanti prevedenih i transformisanih programa su bile na sličnom nivou. Neki primeri su bolji od originala, dok su drugi bili ne&scaron;to kompleksniji. Rezultati su uvek pokazivali značajna unapređenja u odnosu na originalni k&ocirc;d niskog nivoa.
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Bell, Charles W. "An investigation of the methodology for software translation from PASCAL to C of an undocumented microcomputer program." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/37537.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>The purpose of this theses is to investigate software reusability applications and the practical utilization of those applications in the performance of software maintenance. The translation of a functioning program from one high level language to another was selected as the type of software reusability effort to the explored. Five translation methodologies were investigated and the inverse transformation methodology was chosen to exercise the practical application of software reusability for a specific case study. A design strategy and translation approach was developed based on the inverse transformation methodology. The translation approach was followed in performing the translation of the case study. The results of the applications of the methodology to the case study is described and the methodology is evaluated on its usefulness as a tool for software reuse.
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Badiu, Adriana-Nicoleta. "“You’ve got to be kitten me!”: Translating puns, wordplay and speech styles in Don’t Starve – a localization proposal." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22830/.

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The rapid advances of technology brought forth significant transformations in the world, including at the level of society, changing how people communicate with each other. Computers and mobile devices already have a well-established place in our lives, not only as means of keeping in touch, but also as instruments able to provide something for which humans have always had a craving: entertainment The present dissertation is concerned with probably one of the most popular forms of entertainment available worldwide, namely video games, and with the linguistic processes that contributed to their transformation into the global phenomenon they are today: language translation and localization, with a particular focus on wordplay, one of the most frequently encountered challenges in translation.
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Stokes, Todd Hamilton. "Development of a visualization and information management platform in translational biomedical informatics." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33967.

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Translational Biomedical Informatics (TBMI) is an emerging discipline expanding beyond traditional bioinformatics, with a focus on developing computational technologies for real-world biomedical practice. The goal of my Ph.D. research is to address a few key challenges in TBI, including: (1) the high quality and reproducibility required by medical applications when processing high throughput data, (2) the need for knowledge management solutions that allow molecular data to be handled and evaluated by researchers, regulators, and doctors collectively, (3) the need for near real-time, efficient access to decision-oriented visualizations of integrated data and data processing results, and (4) the need for an integrated solution that can evolve as medical consensus evolves, without requiring retraining, overhaul or replacement. This dissertation resulted in the development and adoption of concrete web-based application deliverables in regular use by bioinformaticians, clinicians, biologists and nanotechnologists. These include: the Chip Artifact Correction (caCORRECT) web site and grid services, the ArrayWiki community microarray repository, and the SimpleVisGrid visualization grid services (including eGOMiner, nanoDRIVE, PathwayVis and SphingoVisGrid).
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Kaeslin, Alain E. "Performance Optimisation of Discrete-Event Simulation Software on Multi-Core Computers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191132.

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SIMLOX is a discrete-event simulation software developed by Systecon AB for analysing logistic support solution scenarios. To cope with ever larger problems, SIMLOX's simulation engine was recently enhanced with a parallel execution mechanism in order to take advantage of multi-core processors. However, this extension did not result in the desired reduction in runtime for all simulation scenarios even though the parallelisation strategy applied had promised linear speedup. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the limiting scalability bottlenecks became necessary and has been carried out in this project. Through the use of a low-overhead profiler and microarchitecture analysis, the root causes were identified: atomic operations causing a high communication overhead, poor locality leading to translation lookaside buffer thrashing, and hot spots that consume significant amounts of CPU time. Subsequently, appropriate optimisations to overcome the limiting factors were implemented: eliminating the expensive operations, more efficient handling of heap memory through the use of a scalable memory allocator, and data structures that make better use of caches. Experimental evaluation using real world test cases demonstrated a speedup of at least 6.75x on an eight-core processor. Most cases even achieve a speedup of more than 7.2x. The various optimisations implemented further helped to lower run times for sequential execution by 1.5x or more. It can be concluded that achieving nearly linear speedup on a multi-core processor is possible in practice for discrete-event simulation.<br>SIMLOX är en kommersiell mjukvara utvecklad av Systecon AB, vars huvudsakliga funktion är en händelsestyrd simuleringskärna för analys av underhållslösningar för komplexa tekniska system. För hantering av stora problem så används parallellexekvering för simuleringen, vilket i teorin borde ge en nästan linjär skalning med antal trådar. Prestandaförbättringen som observerats i praktiken var dock ytterst begränsad, varför en ordentlig analys av skalbarheten har gjorts i detta projekt. Genom användandet av ett profileringsverktyg med liten overhead och mikroarkitektur-analys, så kunde orsakerna hittas: atomiska operationer som skapar mycket overhead för kommunikation, dålig lokalitet ger fragmentering vid översättning till fysiska adresser och dåligt utnyttjande av TLB-cachen, och vissa flaskhalsar som kräver mycket CPU-kraft. Därefter implementerades och testade optimeringar för att undvika de identifierade problem. Testade lösningar inkluderar eliminering av dyra operationer, ökad effektivitet i minneshantering genom skalbara minneshanteringsalgoritmer och implementation av datastrukturer som ger bättre lokalitet och därmed bättre användande av cache-strukturen. Verifiering på verkliga testfall visade på uppsnabbningar på åtminstone 6.75 gånger på en processor med 8 kärnor. De flesta fall visade på en uppsnabbning med en faktor större än 7.2. Optimeringarna gav även en uppsnabbning med en faktor på åtminstone 1.5 vid sekventiell exekvering i en tråd. Slutsatsen är därmed att det är möjligt att uppnå nästan linjär skalning med antalet kärnor för denna typ av händelsestyrd simulering.
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Sartorato, Anna. "La localizzazione di software e siti web: Un'esperienza nel settore dell'automazione alberghiera." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17563/.

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This thesis is aimed at presenting and analysing a localization project from Italian into Russian involving translation and adaptation of two different digital products, namely a company website and a software User Interface (UI). Both were developed by GFP Lab, an Italian company which operates in the field of hotel automation. This task was assigned to the translator as a part of the Language Toolkit V initiative. In particular, this work focuses on the state-of-the-art translation technologies, considering the advantages and disadvantages of their deployment in the field of localization; particular attention is payed to Machine Translation (MT), the only technology which produces a text in a target language without the intervention of a language professional. As a result of a theoretical overview and a concrete case study, consisting of the analysis of the company’s previous attempt to machine translate the software UI, this study supports the thesis that a successful localization cannot be guaranteed without turning to a professional human translator. The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of previous literature on localization, as well as on translation and globalisation technologies that are currently used in this field. Chapter 2 defines the details of the translation task and the context in which it was carried out: the Language Toolkit V project is mentioned, as well as the GFP Lab company, including its previous localization experience. The description of the translator’s approach starts in Chapter 3, where the different translation resources and methods are explained, followed, in Chapter 4, by an analysis of the website. In the same chapter, a comment about the website translation is discussed. Finally, in Chapter 5 the translation of the software is examined, with a particular focus on the comparison between the human translation of UI strings and the same text translated by a MT system.
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Oliveira, Francisco de. "Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation using non-aligned bilingual corpus in application to Portuguese-Chinese Machine Translation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636970.

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Leong, Ka Seng. "Research and implementation of Chinese segmentation algorithms and its application to Chinese-Portuguese machine translation system." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1942876.

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Hovermale, DJ. "Erron: A Phrase-Based Machine Translation Approach to Customized Spelling Correction." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322667721.

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Hassan, Jawad. "Structured Text Compiler Targeting XML." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6441.

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Aspen, Said. "Determining the feasibility of automatically translating SMILE to a Java framework." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15789.

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<p> </p><p>MTsim (Mobile Traffic Simulator) is an Ericsson AB internal software application that is part of 2Gsim. It is used to simulate elements of a GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) network for feature testing and automated testing. It is written in the programming language TSS Language, also known as SMILE which is a proprietary Ericsson programming language. SMILE is based on the principles of state matrix programming which in essence means that each program is on its own a finite state machine. The language is old and was originally intended as a macro language for smaller test programs, not for applications the size of MTsim.</p><p>It is of interest to evaluate the feasibility of performing an automatic conversion of applications written in SMILE, with special interest in converting MTsim, to a Java framework since Java has many advantages compared to SMILE. Java, as a language, is well suited for larger applications, there are numerous well supported tools and there is a much wider spread competence than there is for SMILE.</p><p>It is clear that in order to do a full conversion of a SMILE program to a Java framework two applications must be implemented. First a Java framework, which acts as a run time environment, must be designed which can host the translated programs. The other part is an actual translator which takes a SMILE program as input and ouputs a translated Java program. A more sophisticated framework is preferred since it makes the actual translated programs more light weight and easy to read which means higher degree of maintainability.</p><p>There are different ways to implement state machines in Java but the most flexible and versatile is to implement it as a black-box framework in an object oriented way where the framework has sophisticated mechanisms for message and event handling which is central to any state machine framework.</p><p>The translation for SMILE can easily be done by using a AST (abstract syntax tree) representation, which is a full representation of the SMILE program in tree-form. The AST is obtained from an intermediate state of the SMILE program compiler.</p><p> </p>
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Mick, Graciela. "The role of revision in english-spanish software localization." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/378650.

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La tasca principal d'aquest projecte d'investigació empírica és explorar el procés de revisió en la traducció de la interfície de tres pogramas de programari desenvolupats per Siemens PLM Software Inc Centrarem la nostra atenció especialment en el paper dels revisors locals de l'idioma espanyol com una de els actors principals de les versions localitzades. L'equip format per traductors de plantilla i de revisors locals s'ha convertit en un tema d'interès per als investigadors, els professors de llengua i els professionals de la traducció. La revisió de la traducció és cada vegada més rellevant en l'ambient de la localització de programari. Les principals preguntes de recerca en aquest projecte són: La versió en espanyol és una fidel traducció del text escrit en anglès? Per què alguns clients mexicans prefereixen utilitzar les aplicacions de programari en idioma anglès? Per avaluar si la traducció i la funcionalitat de la interfície de les tres aplicacions eren apropiades, es va realitzar una extensa anàlisi lingüístic de seixanta segments de text extrets de les tres aplicacions traduïdes i revisades per traductors interns i revisors locals, respectivament. En segon lloc, un selecte grup de clients i usuaris de parla hispana de les aplicacions de Siemens completi un qüestionari d'avaluació electrònica. I per entendre millor les preferències d'idioma dels clients mexicans, es va realitzar una anàlisi lingüístic d'una sèrie d'informes de problemes presentats pels usuaris de les aplicacions durant sis mesos. L'anàlisi de les dades indica que els errors de traducció i el llenguatge es van corregir durant l'etapa de revisió. Les proves dels instruments de l'enquesta suggereix que la versió localitzada de la interfície d'usuari es llegeix amb fluïdesa i naturalitat. No obstant això, es va trobar que la principal diferència estadística entre la font i el text de destinació en el nombre dels errors funcionals. Per aquesta raó, alguns usuaris de parla hispana en realitat canviar a la versió en anglès dels productes de programari. I, finalment, l'evidència dels informes de problemes suggereix que el nombre d'Informe de problemes és baix durant el període de temps determinat i que no hi ha cap crítica per qüestions funcionals.<br>La tarea principal de este proyecto de investigación empírica es explorar el proceso de revisión en la traducción de la interfaz de tres pogramas de software desarrollados por Siemens PLM Software Inc. Centraremos nuestra atención en el papel de los revisores locales del idioma español como una de los actores principales de las versiones localizadas. El equipo formado por traductores de plantilla y de revisores locales se ha convertido en un tema de interés para los investigadores, los profesores de idioma y los profesionales de la traducción. La revisión de la traducción es cada vez más relevante en el ambiente de la localización de software. Las principales preguntas de investigación: ¿La versión en español es una fiel traducción del texto escrito en inglés? ¿Por qué algunos clientes mexicanos prefieren utilizar las aplicaciones de software en idioma inglés? Para evaluar si la traducción y la funcionalidad de la interfaz de las tres aplicaciones eran apropiadas, se realizó un extenso análisis linguístico de sesenta segmentos de texto extraídos de las tres aplicaciones traducidas y revisadas por traductores internos y revisores locales, respectivamente. En segundo lugar, un selecto grupo de clientes y usuarios de habla hispana de las aplicaciones completó un cuestionario electrónico. Y se realizó un análisis linguístico de una serie de informes de problemas presentados por los usuarios de las aplicaciones durante seis meses. El análisis demuestra que los errores de traducción y el lenguaje se corrigieron durante la etapa de revisión. Los resultados de la encuesta sugieren que la versión localizada de la interfaz se lee fluida y naturalmente. Sin embargo, se determinó que la principal diferencia estadística entre el texto de partida y el texto de llegada es el número de errores funcionales. Por esta razón, algunos usuarios de habla hispana prefieren utilizar la versión en inglés de los productos de software. Y, finalmente, el análisis de los informes de problemas linguísticos indica que el número fue bajo durante el periodo de tiempo determinado y que no hubo ninguna crítica por cuestiones funcionales.<br>The main task of this empirical research project is to explore the Spanish translation revision/review process of three software solutions developed by Siemens PLM Software Inc. We will focus our attention especially on the role of Spanish in-country reviewers or revisers as one of the main agents for localized output. The in-house translator and in-country reviewer team is emerging as a concept of interest to researchers, l and translation practitioners. Translation revision efforts are becoming increasingly more relevant in a software localization scenario. The main research questions in this project are: Does the Spanish version communicate what the English does? Why do some Mexican customers prefer to use the English-language software applications? To evaluate the language appropriateness and functionality of the user interface of the PLM software products in the Spanish-localized versions, we conducted a detailed language evaluation of sixty UI segments translated and revised by in-house translators and in-country reviewers respectively. The data analysis indicates that translation and language errors were corrected during the revision stage. Furthermore, an electronic assessment questionnaire was completed by a select group of Siemens PLM software Spanish-speaking customers. The evidence from the survey instruments suggests that the localized version of the user interface reads fluently and naturally. However, the main statistical difference between the source and the target text was found in the number of functional errors. For this reason, some Spanish-speaking end-users actually switch to the English version of the software solutions. And finally, to further understand the Mexican customers’ language preference, we collected and analyzed a number of problem reports submitted by our application users during a six-month period. The evidence from the problem reports suggests that the number of PRs is low for that particular time frame and that there is no indication of any functional issues. The research findings should have important implications for the practice of software translation revision and for raising awareness that localization is a team effort involving more players than just translators and revisers.
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Karlsson, Nina. "Language Manager Version 2.0." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-30043.

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This report describes an examination project made for the IT consultingcompany Sogeti. The purpose of the project was to develop and modify the translation tool Language Manager (LM) built by Sogeti to be used for translating applications. Employees at Sogeti considered some disadvantages with Language Manager, version 1.0 which among others was that language files for projects were saved at two locations. Partly in resource maps among with the source code of the applications and partly in a database. This was dual work for employees at Sogeti and it also caused redundancy inthe system. Also employees at Sogeti thought that the managing of projects and versioning did not adapt to how the system was needed to be used. The destination by the examination project was to remove the database and only use XML-files to handle languages, and also to make the new Language Manager easier to work with. New users should easily understand how to handle terms and translation in the new application and no manual should be needed to perform tasks. Language Manager version 2.0 should be written in C# .Net Framework 4.5 and the graphical user interface should be created with Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF). Sogeti wished for the Model-View-ViewModel pattern (MVVM) to be implemented. The new tool was supposed to be robust and simple with a future-safe architecture.<br>Den här rapporten beskriver ett examensarbete som genomfördes åt IT-konsultbolaget Sogeti med syfte till att vidareutveckla och omarbeta översättningsverktyget Language Manager (LM) som var tillverkat av Sogeti och som användes till att översätta applikationer. Anställda på Sogeti ansåg att det fanns vissa nackdelar med Language Manager version 1.0 som bland annat var att språkfiler för projekt lagrades på två platser. Dels i resursmappar tillsammans med applikationernas källkod och dels i en databas. Detta medförde dubbelt arbete för de anställda på Sogeti när de arbetade med Language Manager och det orsakade även redundans i systemet. På Sogeti ansåg man även att hanteringen av projekt och versionshanteringen av språkdata i Language Manager version 1.0 inte passade ihop med hur man arbetade med programmet. Målet med examensarbetet var att avlägsna databasen och endast arbeta med XML-filer som förvaring av språk och att Language Manager version 2.0 skulle bli enklare och mer lättarbetat. Nya användare skullemed lätthet förstå hur hantering av termer och översättning skulle göras utan hjälp av manual. Det nya översättningsverktyget skulle skrivas i C# .Net Framework 4.5 och Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) skulle användas för att implementera det grafiska gränssnittet tillsammans med Model-View-ViewModel-mönstret (MVVM).Särskild inriktning skulle framför allt vara mot robusthet, enkelhet och med en framtidssäker arkitektur.
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Mejstad, Valdemar, and Karl-Johan Tångby. "Compiling an Interpreted Processing Language : Improving Performance in a Large Telecommunication System." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2526.

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In this report we evaluate different techniques for increasing the performance of an interpreted processing language in a telecommunication system, called Billing Gateway R8. We have implemented a prototype in which we first translate the language into C++ code, and then compile it using a C++ compiler. In our prototype we experienced a threefold increase in processing throughput, compared to the original system, when running on a Symmetric Multi Processor with four CPU:s that were under full load. The prototype also showed better scalability than Billing Gateway R8, due to less use of dynamic memory management.
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Barroca, Bruno Fontes. "Analysable software language translations." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10423.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Informática<br>The most difficult tasks in the Software Language Engineering (SLE) process, are the design of the semantics of a Domain Specific Modeling Language (DSML), its implementation (typically in a form of a compiler), and also its verification and validation. On the one hand, the choice of the appropriate level of abstraction when designing a DSML’s semantics, affects directly its usability, and the potential for its analysis. On the other hand, in practice, not only the compiler’s implementation, but also its verification and validation are performed manually, while having as reference the DSML’s semantic models. The challenge of this research work is to apply a complete model driven software development approach in the tasks of designing a DSML’s semantics, implementing, verifying and validating DSMLs’ compilers. This involves the choice of the most appropriate abstraction levels, and the design and development of adequate tools to support SLE practitioners on these tasks. This thesis reports: i) the design and implementation of formal languages (and associated tools) to support the task of DSML’s semantics design (i.e., DSLTrans and SOS); ii) the automatic generation of DSMLs’ compilers based on translation specifications; and iii) automated validation of DSMLs’ semantic designs based on the analysis of translation specifications. Finally, the approach presented in this thesis is illustrated with the design and implementation of a real life DSML.
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41

De, Witt Josias Jacobus. "Modelling, estimation and compensation of imbalances in quadrature transceivers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6808.

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Thesis (PhD (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of the quadrature mixing topology has been severely limited in the past due to its sensitivity towards mismatches between its signal paths. In recent years, researchers have suggested that digital techniques can be used to compensate for the impairments in the analogue quadrature mixing front-end. Most authors, however, focus on the modelling and compensation of frequency-independent imbalances, reasoning that this approach is sufficient for narrow band signal operation. This common assumption is, however, becoming increasing less applicable as the use of wider bandwidth signals and multi-channel systems becomes more prevalent. In this dissertation, baseband equivalent distortion models are derived, which model frequency-independent, as well as frequency-dependent contributions towards the imbalances of the front-end. Both lowpass and bandpass imbalances are modelled, which extends current modelling approaches found in literature. The resulting baseband models are shown to be capable of explaining the imbalance characteristics observed in practical quadrature mixing front ends, where existing models fail to do so. The developed imbalance models is then used to develop novel frequency-dependent imbalance extraction and compensation techniques, which directly extract the exact quadrature imbalances of the front end, using simple test tones. The imbalance extraction and compensation procedures are implemented in the digital baseband domain of the transceiver and do not require high computational complexity. The performance of these techniques are subsequently verified through simulations and a practical hardware implementation, yielding significant improvement in the image rejection capabilities of the quadrature mixing transceiver. Finally, a novel, blind imbalance compensation technique is developed. This technique is aimed at extracting frequency-independent I/Q imbalances in systems employing digital modulation schemes. No test tones are employed and the imbalances of the modulator and demodulator are extracted from the second order statistics of the received signal. Simulations are presented to investigate the performance of these techniques under various operating conditions.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van die haaksfasige mengtopologie word geweldig beperk deur die sensitiwiteit vir wanbalanse wat mag bestaan tussen die twee analoog seinpaaie. In die afgelope paar jaar het navorsers digitale metodes begin voorstel om te kompenseer vir hierdie wanbalanse in die analooggebied. Meeste navorsers fokus egter op frekwensie-onafhanklike wanbalanse. Hulle staaf hierdie aanslag deur te redineer dat dit ’n aanvaarbare aaname is vir ’n nouband stelsel. Hierdie algemene aanvaarding is egter besig om minder akkuraat te raak, namate wyeband- en multikanaalstelses aan die orde van die dag raak. In hierdie tesis word basisband-ekwiwalente wanbelansmodelle afgelei wat poog om die effek van frekwensie-afhanklike en -onafhanklike wanbalanse akkuraat voor te stel. Beide laagdeurlaat- en banddeurlaatwanbalanse word gemodelleer, wat ‘n uitbreiding is op die huididge modellerings benaderings wat in literatuur gevind word. Dit word aangetoon dat die modelle van hierdie tesis daarin slaag om die karakteristieke van ’n werklike haaksfasige mengstelsel akkuraat te vervat – iets waarin huidige modelle in die literatuur nie slaag nie. Die basisband-ekwiwalente modelle word dan gebruik om nuwe digitale kompensasie metodes te ontwikkel, wat daarin slaag om die frekwensie-afhanklike wanbalanse van die haaksfasige mengstelsel af te skat, en daarvoor te kompenseer in die digitale deel van die stelsel. Hierdie kompensasiemetodes gebruik eenvoudige toetsseine om die wanbalanse af te skat. Die werksverrigting van hiedie kompensasiemetodes word dan ondersoek deur middel van simulasies en ’n praktiese hardeware-implementasie. Die resultate wys daarop dat hierdie metodes daarin slaag om ’n aansienlike verbetering in die beeldonderdrukkingsvermo¨ens van die haaksfasige mengers te weeg te bring. Laastens word daar ook ’n blinde kompensasiemetode ontwikkel, wat gemik is op frekwensie- onafhanklike wanbalanse in digital-modulasie-skama stelsels. Vir hierdie metodes is geen toetsseine nodig om die wanbalanse af te skat nie, en word dit gedoen vanuit die tweede-orde statistiek van die ontvangde sein. Die werksverrigting van hierdie tegnieke word verder bevestig deur middel van simulasies.
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42

Bartoll, Eduard. "Paràmetres per a una taxonomia de la subtitulació." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7572.

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La tesi «Paràmetres per a una taxonomia de la subtitulació» identifica tots els diferents tipus de subtítols existents i dissenya una taxonomia per a ordenar de manera sistemàtica tota la casuística de paràmetres classificatoris aplicables als diferents tipus de subtítols, tant existents com possibles. <br/><br/>En primer lloc es revisa la noció de text audiovisual i de traducció audiovisual, partint dels elements que els configuren i amb un repàs bibliogràfic sobre el tema.<br/>Es proposen una sèrie de paràmetres formals a partir dels quals redefinir i formalitzar la classificació de les diverses modalitats de traducció audiovisual.<br/><br/>S'analitzen les característiques de la subtitulació, les restriccions que presenta i les estratègies de què disposa el traductor per a fer-hi front i també s'examina el concepte de normes i s'aplica a la subtitulació. Finalment, els paràmetres de la taxonomia de la subtitulació s'apliquen a diferents exemples de textos audiovisuals subtitulats, segons el seu suport, i també s'apliquen a nou programes de subtitulació.
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43

Mazzariol, Elisa. "I videogiochi tra professionismo e dilettantismo: proposta di localizzazione di The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15380/.

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Since the 1960s, the video game industry has experienced an exceptional growth, and is currently a mainstay of the international cultural scene. The globalization of video games has led publishers to invest in the accessibility of their products in foreign markets, consolidating game localization as an independent sector. Since the beginning, video games have been marked by a dualism between professional and non-professional, both in programming and in translation. This dissertation focuses on two different aims: on the one hand, it tries to illustrate the process of professional game localization, highlighting both difficulties and strategies; on the other hand, the amateur contribution in the translation of video games is analyzed, drawing attention to the difference with the professional sector in terms of skills and methods. To this end, the semi-professional localization of some assets of the role-playing videogame The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind was carried out, which was then compared to the translation produced by an Italian amateur translation group, the Italian Translation Project. The comparison showed that non-professional and professional translation are based on different principles: in the first case, the goal is to favor the understanding by the user, and the lack of expertise is balanced by the knowledge of video games; in the second case, the aim is to create a natural text in the target language, which favors not only comprehension but also the transmission of certain feelings. The two ways of confronting the text result in the contrast between a formal (amateur) and a dynamic (professional) approach, each one leading to certain terminological, syntactic and stylistic choices.
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44

Мальцева, А. А., та A. A. Maltseva. "Методика локализации содержания предмета «Программная инженерия» для иностранных студентов : магистерская диссертация". Master's thesis, б. и, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/71064.

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В магистерской диссертации предложена методика локализации образовательной программы «Программная инженерия» для привлечения и адаптации иностранных студентов в Уральском федеральном университете (УрФУ). Актуальность темы определяется потребностями конкретных университетов и УрФУ, в частности, в интернационализации с целью повышения конкурентоспособности и привлечения зарубежных студентов. Объектом исследования является образовательная программа «Программная инженерия», подлежащая переводу на английский язык с учетом специфики преподаваемого предмета. Методологической основой исследования является теория прагматической адаптации Н. Комиссарова. Теоретическая значимость исследования состоит в возможности использования теоретических результатов исследования для локализации других образовательных программ в области компьютерных технологий. Практическая значимость заключается во внесении вклада в реализацию повышения показателей Программ развития и интернационализации УрФУ. Научная новизна работы состоит в проведении специального исследования терминологии дисциплины «Программная инженерия» в композиции с терминами и понятиями из области высшего образования. Основное содержание диссертации раскрывается в главах: «Целесообразность открытия образовательной программы бакалавриата «Программная инженерия» на английском языке», «Локализация образовательной программы «Программная инженерия» для иностранных студентов». В заключение даются выводы, полученные в ходе исследования. Приложения включают в себя примеры локализованных документов.<br>In the thesis there proposed the method of localization of the “Software Engineering” educational program for attraction and adaptation of foreign students in the Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin (UrFU). The relevance of the topic is determined by the needs of specific universities and UrFU, in particular, in internationalization in order to increase competitiveness and attract foreign students. The object of the research is the educational program “Software Engineering” translated into English, taking into account the specifics of the subject being taught. The methodological basis of the research is the N. Komissarov’s theory of pragmatic adaptation. The theoretical significance of the research is due to the possibility of using the theoretical results to localize other educational programs in the field of computer science. The practical significance is due to contribution to the improvement of the indicators of the Program for the Development and Internationalization in UrFU. The scientific novelty of the paper consists in conducting a special research of the terminology of the “Software Engineering” discipline in combination with terms and concepts from the field of higher education. The main content of the thesis is disclosed in the chapters: “Feasibility of Opening “Software Engineering” Educational Program in English”, “Localization of “Software Engineering” Educational Program for Foreign Students”. In conclusion, the research findings are presented. The appendixes include examples of localized documents.
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45

Greenberg, Robert Joseph 1957. "A program translator software solution for remote data acquisition." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276595.

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A software solution was developed for remote data acquisition applications, i.e., applications where line power is unavailable. The solution was developed in response to a lack of suitable software for environmental measurements using battery powered computers. The software solution is in the form of a program translator that creates programs dedicated to specific remote data acquisition applications from a dialect governed by specific rules. A methodology is presented for defining real-time measurement applications based upon three time components: a scanning interval, an average period, and an averaging interval. The software solution is termed ADAPT, an acronym for 'All-purpose Data Acquisition Program Translator'. ADAPT was written for a Hewlett-Packard hand-held computer, the HP-71, and a Hewlett-Packard data acquisition system, the HP-3421A. The methodology and algorithms may be applied to other computer and data acquisition systems.
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46

Lee, Shong Cheng. "Class translator for the Federation Interoperability Object Model (FIOM)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://sirsi.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Mar%5FLeeSC.pdf.

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47

Messaoud, Safa. "Translating Discrete Time SIMULINK to SIGNAL." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49299.

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As Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are getting more complex and safety critical, Model Based Design (MBD), which consists of building formal models of a system in order to be used in verification and correct-by-construction code generation, is becoming a promising methodology for the development of the embedded software of such systems. This design paradigm significantly reduces the development cost and time while guaranteeing better robustness, capability and correctness with respect to the original specifications, when compared with the traditional ad-hoc design methods. SIMULINK has been the most popular tool for embedded control design in research as well as in industry, for the last decades. As SIMULINK does not have formal semantics, the application of the model based design methodology and tools to its models is very limited. In this thesis, we present a semantic translator that transform discrete time SIMULINK models into SIGNAL programs. The choice of SIGNAL is motivated by its polychronous formalism that enhances synchronous programming with asynchronous concurrency, as well as, by the ability of its compiler of generating deterministic multi thread code. Our translation involves three major steps: clock inference, type inference and hierarchical top-down translation. We validate the semantic preservation of our prototype tool by testing it on different SIMULINK models.<br>Master of Science
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48

Malinauskienė, Eglė. "Rekonstrukcijos metodų analizė modernizuojant informacinę sistemą." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2004. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2004~D_20040527_102923-81618.

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This master thesis covers re-engineering methods of legacy systems. Legacy system is an old system, which is hardly compliant with modern technologies and used only because it has become an integral part of organization business process support during the long period of its maintenance. These systems are large, monolithic and difficult to modify, and cost and risk of their replacement are difficult to predict. The science of software engineering offers an incremental modernization of information systems applying the re-engineering of legacy software. The main goal of software re-engineering is to transform the software in the way, it would become easier to understand, maintain and re-use, at the same time preserving its useful, time trusted functions. The main re-engineering methods are source code translation, reverse engineering and data re-engineering. This thesis covers the analysis of these methods, which was made during the re-engineering of wood production and sales accounting system. The adoption and realization time rate of every method was examined. The influence of the applied re-engineering methods to the system reliability, efficiency, usability and other quality metrics is given.
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49

Halim, Roohul, and Syed Atif Shaharyar. "FrontWay PaperFront to OpenModelica Translator." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, PELAB - Laboratoriet för programmeringsomgivningar, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-72085.

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Many companies in the domain of modeling and simulation are showing interest in the new emerging OpenModelica, an object oriented modeling and simulation platform based on Modelica language. The purpose of this thesis is to study if and how simulation libraries written in ExtendSim such as PaperFront, can be semi-automatically converted to equivalent Modelica libraries. The ExtendSim tool is based upon a C like language called ModL that is used for designing models. A prototype translator is developed for translating ModL to Modelica. One difficulty that had to be overcome was the fact that ExtendSim is a commercial tool which hides part of its model information in a binary format. The generated code from prototype translator can be viewed using any text editor or using the textual view of Modelica graphical editors such as OMEdit or Dymola. The implementation of the prototype translator is done using the Java based ANTLR tool, which generates a parser and a lexer from the defined grammar rules. Moreover, a set of templates is written using the StringTemplate language for the code generation. The prototype translator takes ModL code of an ExtendSim library file and generates an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST), which is then converted to an equivalent Modelica AST. This Modelica AST is later converted to textual Modelica code. Subject to limited resource availability and time constraints of the thesis work, the basic constructs of ModL language are supported by the translator e.g. data types, if-else statements, loops, procedures etc. The enhancements in the translator can be made in the future by adding support for remaining language features such as support for tracing and additional ModL built-in functions etc.
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Crooks, Philip. "An automatic program translator for distributed memory MIMD machines." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282127.

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