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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Soil and Water Sciences'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Ekanayake, Jagath C. "Soil water movement through swelling soils." Lincoln University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1761.

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The present work is a contribution to description and understanding of the distribution and movement of water in swelling soils. In order to investigate the moisture distribution in swelling soils a detailed knowledge of volume change properties, flow characteristics and total potential of water in the soil is essential. Therefore, a possible volume change mechanism is first described by dividing the swelling soils into four categories and volume change of a swelling soil is measured under different overburden pressures. The measured and calculated (from volume change data) overburden potentia

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2

Poon, David. "Re-conceptualizing the soil and water assessment tool to better predict subsurface water flow through macroporous soils." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119707.

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Efforts to manage eutrophication of surface waters should recognize that macropore flow transports significantly more phosphorus (P) to surface waters via tile drains than water that percolates through the soil matrix. For the watershed-scale SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model to describe phosphorus transport through tile drains, SWAT needs to partition percolation into macropore flow and matrix flow. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a new macropore flow algorithm on the partitioning of hydrological flows, using input data that are readily available, consiste

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3

Subedi-Chalise, Kopila. "Impacts of Crop Residue and Cover Crops on Soil Hydrological Properties, Soil Water Storage and Water Use Efficiency of Soybean Crop." Thesis, South Dakota State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10265200.

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<p> Cover crops and crop residue play a multifunctional role in improving soil hydrological properties, soil water storage and water use efficiency (WUE). This study was conducted to better understand the role of crop residue and cover crop on soil properties and soil water dynamics. The study was conducted at the USDA-ARS North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, located in Brookings, South Dakota. Two residue removal treatments that include low residue removal (LRR) and high residue removal (HRR) were established in 2000 with randomized complete block design under no-till corn (Zea may

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4

Dryden, Garri A. "Optimum gravel size for use as a soil surface cover for the prevention of soil erosion by water." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280469.

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Eleven series of replicated tests were conducted using 38.1 mm, 15.9 mm, and 9.5 mm gravel to determine the most effective soil surface cover to prevent soil erosion from rainfall. A sediment tray one meter square in size with an integrated rainfall simulator was used to generate data after initial trial runs had established test procedures. Various size gravels and a control with no cover were tested in a laboratory using simulated rainfall to evaluate their effectiveness in preventing erosion. Through thirty-three experiments, signature traits of specific rock sizes were identified. Experime

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5

Shahadha, Saadi Sattar. "Measured Soil Hydraulic Properties as RZWQM2 Input to Simulate Soil Water Dynamics and Crop Evapotranspiration." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/110.

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Agricultural system models integrate many different processes that cannot all be measured in field experiments and help quantify soil water dynamics, crop evapotranspiration, and crop growth with high temporal resolution. Understanding soil water dynamics and crop evapotranspiration is essential to improve agricultural management of field crops. For example, the interaction between nitrogen application rate and water dynamics is not sufficiently understood. In most cases, model simulations deviate from field measurements, especially when model input parameters are indirectly and unspecifically

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6

Undercoffer, Jason. "Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus From Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243532451.

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7

Pricope, Narcisa. "Modeling Soil Erosion in the Upper Green River, KY." TopSCHOLAR®, 2006. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/258.

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Off-site soil erosion has tremendous impacts on the present state of most river systems throughout the United States, contributing sediments to channels mainly as nonpoint pollution resulting from land-use and agricultural practices and leading to sedimentation downstream and downwind, a decrease in the transport capacity of streams, increase in the risk of flooding, filling reservoirs, and eutrophication. A primary focus in examining the problems associated with soil erosion arid ultimately in proposing control measures should be on identifying the sources of the sediment. Therefore, a model

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8

Zelasko, Amanda Jean. "Soil reduction rates under water saturated conditions in relation to soil properties." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07172007-154810/.

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The success of wetland restoration projects depends in part on the length of time that a soil is in a reduced redox state. The length of time that a soil is reduced depends on how quickly reduction occurs following saturation with water. The relationship between reduction rate and various soil chemical and mineralogical properties is poorly understood, but such properties might be manipulated to improve the success of wetland restoration projects. The goals of this research were to determine soil properties that predict the rate at which soils undergo reduction when saturated, and to determine

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9

LIU, ZHIJUN. "Effective modeling of agricultural practices within large-scale hydrologic and water quality simulations." MSSTATE, 2006. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11082006-162139/.

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The previously developed watershed hydrological and water quality model for St. Louis Bay watershed by Kieffer (2002) was refined and calibrated. The aspects of model development refinement included development of fertilization-related nutrient input parameters, evaluation of nutrient input methods, development of plant uptake-related nutrient input parameters, non-cropland simulation using PQUAL module, and recalibration of hydrology in Jourdan River. The related information of typical cropland management practice based on consultation from Mississippi State University Extention Service perso

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10

Bastviken, Paulina. "Soil water solution DOC dynamics during winter in boreal hillslopes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229128.

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When plants and animals die they are decomposed into microscopic particles of organic carbon. In the ground, these carbon particles are dissolved in the soil water and eventually transported to the streamchannel with the flow of the groundwater. Today the quantities of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) have been observed to increase in many lakes and streams around the world, which constitute a threat against the water quality and ecologic environment of these surface waters. The amount of organic carbon that is dissolved and transported in the soil water is mainly controlled by processes related

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11

Peng, Sheng. "Characterizing air-water interfacial area in variably saturated sandy porous media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280732.

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Air-water interface plays an important role in the transport of many contaminants in the vadose zone. It is also a limiting factor for many processes involve mass or energy transfer between air and water phases in vadose zone. In this research, the gas-phase partitioning tracer method was used to measure air-water interfacial area for eight porous media. The experimental results were used to investigate the influencing factors of the magnitude of air-water interfacial area and the relationship between the air-water interfacial area and water saturation, and capillary pressure. The porous media

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12

Kirsch, B. H. "Solute movement in soil under conditions of evaporating water." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357424.

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13

Shetterly, Benjamin James. "Soil Phosphorus Characterization and Vulnerability to Release in Urban Stormwater Bioretention Facilities." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4354.

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Modern urban stormwater infrastructure includes vegetated bioretention facilities (BRFs) that are designed to detain water and pollutants. Phosphorus (P) is a pollutant in stormwater which can be retained in BRF soils in mineral, plant, and microbial pools. We explored soil properties and phosphorus forms in the soils of 16 operational BRFs in Portland, OR. Since soil hydrology can significantly impact P retention, we selected BRFs along an infiltration rate (IR) gradient. We conducted sequential fractionation and tests of P pools and measured P release in a subset of soils after drying and fl

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14

Lebel, Sarah. "Hydrological modelling of an agricultural watershed in India using the soil and water assessment tool." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104731.

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Water availability is influencing crop yields in the Padmalaya watershed in Central Maharashtra, India, which are currently below potentially attainable yields. A number of rainwater harvesting structures such as in-stream check dams have been put in place, with the aim of improving water availability for agricultural production. The SWAT model was manually calibrated for hydrology using measured streamflow data from January to July 2010. Simulations were carried out for the period from 1977-2007 under various biophysical management conditions, with climatic data collected from the Jalgaon met

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15

Harlow, Jeanette. "Assessing Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Groundwater Recharge on Catalina Island, California, from Soil Water Balance Modeling." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743700.

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<p>Quantifying groundwater recharge is of crucial importance for sustainable groundwater management. While many recharge quantification techniques have been devised, few provide spatially and temporally distributed estimates for regional-scale water resource assessments. In this study, a GIS-based and USGS-developed recharge quantification tool ? the Soil Water Balance (SWB) model ? was applied to produce fine-tuned recharge constraints and document spatial and temporal dynamics of recharge. SWB has, as of yet, been tested solely in coastal and continental temperate-humid climate zones. This

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16

Shiffler, Amanda Kathryn. "Pressurized Hot Water and DTPA-Sorbitol, Viable Alternatives for Soil Boron Extraction." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/328.

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Pressurized hot water and DTPA-Sorbitol are two relatively new soil boron (B) extraction methods with potential to replace the cumbersome hot water extraction. The objective of this research is to produce data in support of acceptance or rejection of these two alternative B extractions. The three soil tests were used to extract B from samples of calcareous sand and silt loam and limed, loamy fine sand treated with 10 levels of B and incubated for 7 and 28 d. As B application increased so did extractable B with each extraction method. High correlations (r of 0.977 to 0.999) were observed betwee

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17

Mahmood-Ul-Hassan, Muhammad. "Water movement through the unsaturated zone." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244907.

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18

Miranda, Casey R. "Effects of Recycled Water On Landscape Plants." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/354.

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ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF RECYCLED WATER ON LANDSCAPE PLANTS Casey Ray Miranda Recycled water is water that has been previously used, has suffered a loss of quality, and has been properly treated for redistribution (Wu et al. 2001). The use of recycled water as an alternative to fresh water in the landscape can have positive and negative effects. Experimentation on 40 different plant species during a 32 week period (2 phases of 16 weeks), was conducted to analyze the effects of recycled water irrigation on the appearance of landscape plants. Each species of plant was planted into 10 individual n

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19

Rodriguez, Andres F. "Soil Building Processes in Reconstructed Tree Islands in The Everglades, Florida." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1021.

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Soil building processes were studied in reconstructed tree islands in the Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment, Florida. Soil building was evaluated by measuring litter production, litter decomposition, soil accretion, and changes in soil elevation under different hydrologic conditions, and by determining physicochemical characteristics of newly accreted soils. Tree islands showed higher litter production and soil accretion but a larger loss of soil elevation caused by subsidence at higher elevations and shorter inundation periods. Newly accreted soils exhibited higher nutrient concent

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20

Thurston, Jeanette Ann. "Occurrence of human pathogenic microsporidia in irrigation water and ultraviolet light and chlorine inactivation of enteric adenovirus type 40 and feline calicivirus." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290101.

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The occurrence and disinfectant effectiveness for pathogens which are known or thought to be important in waterborne disease was evaluated. In the first study, the occurrence of human pathogenic microsporidia, Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in surface waters used for the irrigation of vegetable crops was determined. Twenty-eight percent of the irrigation water samples tested positive for microsporidia, 60% positive for Giardia cysts and 36% positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Concentrations of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts detected in water samples collected in Cent

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21

Nambuthiri, Susmitha Surendran. "Soil water and crop growth processes in a farmer's field." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/1140.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2010.<br>Title from document title page (viewed on May 12, 2010). Document formatted into pages; contains: xii, 310 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 298-309).

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22

Kurth, Emma Morgan Kurth. "Three field studies to examine cropping management effects on: runoff quantity and quality; soil water content and temperature; and selected soil quality indicators." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511961519903924.

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23

Wraith, Jon M. "Soil Temperature Influence on Water Use and Yield Under Variable Irrigation." DigitalCommons@USU, 1989. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1996.

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The need for efficient use of water resources has increased the importance of optimum soil water usage in agricultural systems. Soil temperature has been shown to be important in influencing the early development of many plant species. Many agricultural regions have suboptimal soil temperature regimes for plant growth, and some cultural practices have been shown to reduce near-surface soil temperatures. The seasonal influence of soil temperature on soil water extraction and aboveground and belowground plant growth under variable irrigation was investigated at the USU Greenville Farm in Logan,

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24

Ghezzi, Jessique L. "INFLUENCE OF CLAY MINERALOGY ON SOIL DISPERSION BEHAVIOR AND WATER QUALITY." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/289.

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Currently, there is very little research available on nonpoint source pollution from rural watersheds. Government regulatory agencies are desperate for information regarding the causes of nonpoint source pollution, which includes the relationship between suspended soil particles and dispersion. Since soil dispersion is dependent on clay mineralogy, knowing the clay mineralogy of the soil in an area can help predict sediment loads entering the surrounding surface waters. This information is necessary to protect the resource value of our rivers, lakes, and estuaries, as well as to protect rec

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25

Vins, Wesley J. "Residential Septic Tank Effluent Treatment by Disturbed Darien Soil." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1266610669.

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26

Arneth, Almut. "Fluxes of carbon and water in a Pinus radiata plantation and a clear-cut, subject to soil water deficit." Lincoln University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1955.

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This thesis investigates the abiotic control of carbon (C) and water vapour fluxes (FCO₂ and E, respectively) in a New Zealand Pinus radiata D. Don plantation and a nearby clearcut. It concentrates on the limitation of these fluxes imposed by growing season soil water deficit. This results from low precipitation (658 mm a⁻¹) in combination with a limited root zone water storage capacity of the very stony soil (> 30% by volume). The thesis analyses results from seven eddy covariance flux measurement campaigns between November 1994 and March 1996. The study site was located in Balmoral Forest,

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27

Reynolds, Sallee. "An Investigation of the Utilization of Soil Water and Nitrogen Among Diverse Forage Plant Species and Mixtures." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/832.

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Species diversity achieved by adding novel functional groups (warm-season grasses and non-leguminous forbs) to pasture land, along with traditional grasses and legumes, could aid in the capture of nutrients and water in pasture systems by offering complementary rooting architecture to aid in water and nitrogen uptake and decrease nitrogen leaching. Because these species may differ from commonly used grasses and legumes in their seasonal pattern of productivity, they could also extend or enhance growing-season productivity. The goal of this project is to better understand the role of plant dive

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28

Szafruga, Pawel J. "Soil Water Flux Estimates From Streaming Potential and Penta-Needle Heat Pulse Probe Measurements." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3091.

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Better management of water resources is a growing concern with increasing stress on natural resources. Despite technological improvements in the past decades, a method to instantaneously measure soil water flux remains elusive, especially at a resolution adequate for monitoring natural processes (i.e. 1 mm d-1). The objectives of this research were to evaluate and improve two emerging methods for water flux estimates, 1) streaming potential and 2) heat pulse measurements, as tools to perform at these low flux rates. Streaming potential measures a voltage between two electrodes resulting from w

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29

Wang, Li. "Simulation of soil water movement model (SWaMM) using the Spider Distributed System." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2419.

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This project implements a real application on the Spider II, which is a simulation of Soil Water Movement Model. The main objectives of this project were to develop a parallel and distributed algorithm for the Soil Water Model; implement the Soil Water Movement Simulation model on the Spider II distributed system and to evaluate the performance of simulating the Soil Water Movement Model on Spider II.

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30

Maas, Ellen DvL. "The Cascading Effects of Climate Change on Soil Organic Matter." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492076671912468.

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31

Bartsch, Kevin P. "Modeling Soil Loss to Determine Water Erosion Risk at Camp Williams National Guard Base, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1998. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3656.

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Soil erosion was assessed at Camp Williams National Guard Base by creating an erosion risk classification map and comparing the erosion impact of disturbance regimes on different hillslopes. Soil erosion does not appear to be a problem for most of Camp Williams. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied using GIS to create a soil erosion risk map for the entire Camp Williams facility. The map indicated where problem areas occurred and showed relative erosion risk, but its lack of quantitative accuracy should be noted. Areas of concern included landscapes with little or no protective

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32

Goble, Peter. "Maximizing the utility of available root zone soil moisture data for drought monitoring purposes in the Upper Colorado River Basin and western High Plains, and assessing the interregional importance of root zone soil moisture on warm season water." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10139009.

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<p> Root Zone Soil Moisture (RZSM) data have both drought monitoring and seasonal forecasting applications. It is the lifeblood of vegetation, an integral component of the hydrologic system, a determining factor in irrigation requirements, and works to govern the means by which energy imbalances are settled between land and atmosphere. The National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) has worked in conjunction with the Colorado Climate Center to improve regional drought early warning through enhanced monitoring and understanding of RZSM. The chief goals of this research have been as f

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33

Berg, Karin. "Simulations of groundwater levels and soil water content : Development of a conceptual hydrological model with a continous soil profile." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1910.

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<p>Transport of chemical substances through a catchment depend to a large extent on the water content of the soil through which they are transported. When the groundwater level rise and fall, redox conditions change in the soil and the transport of substances is affected. </p><p>The aim of this study is to develop a hydrological model which is able to simulate soil water content at different depths and groundwater level in a soil profile. A new type of conceptual model is developed, which uses a continous represenation of the soil and soil water from the soil surface down to the bedrock. The m

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34

Malizia, John Paul. "Effect of Water Content and Density on the Strength and Deformation Behavior of Clay Soils." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1460407680.

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35

LaBrie, Holli, and Holli LaBrie. "The Potential Impacts of the Nogales International Wastewater Treatment Plant on the Santa Cruz River." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621145.

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The Nogales International Wastewater Treatment Plant releases treated wastewater from both Nogales, Arizona and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico into the Santa Cruz River. In recent years, the discharged effluent has contained high levels of cadmium and nickel, which exceed the plant's permit standards. Due to the industrial demographic of the region, outdated infrastructure, and differences in sampling schedules of multiple organizations, the treatment facility and the treated effluent is an important area of study. To understand how the treated effluent is affecting the river, data were compiled from

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36

Fernelius, Kaitlynn Jane. "Post-fire Interactions Between Soil Water Repellency, Islands of Fertility, and Bromus tectorum Invasibility." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3850.

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An intrinsic link exists between soil moisture and soil nitrogen. Factors that increase or decrease soil moisture can have a profound effect on soil nitrogen cycling, which may have later repercussions in the plant community. Post-fire soil water repellency is one factor that can limit soil moisture acquisition and may indirectly affect nitrogen cycling and weed invasion in woody islands of fertility. Plots centered on burned Juniperus osteosperma trees were either left untreated or treated with a surfactant to ameliorate water repellency. Two years later, soils were excavated from the untreat

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37

Clough, Tim J. "Fate of urine nitrogen applied to peat and mineral soils from grazed pastures." Lincoln University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1030.

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This study has provided fundamental information on the fate of urine nitrogen (N) when applied to pasture soils. In this work the three pasture soils used were a Bruntwood silt loam (BW), an old well-developed (lime and fertilizer incorporated and farmed for more than 20 years) peat soil (OP) and a young peat (YP) which was less developed (farmed for about 10 years). Initial soil chemical and physical measurements revealed that the peat soils were acidic, had higher cation exchange capacities, had greater carbon:nitrogen ratios and were better buffered against changes in soil pH than the BW so

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Svedin, Jeffrey David. "Characterizing the Spatial Variation of Crop Water Productivity for Variable-Rate Irrigation Management." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6878.

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Irrigated agriculture is the primary consumer of limited worldwide freshwater resources. Drought, growing world populations, and environmental demands compete with irrigation for freshwater resources"”threatening sustainable global food, fuel, and fiber production. This escalating global crisis demands that agriculture produce more food using less water. Traditional irrigation management has used technology to apply uniform irrigation rates across landscapes"”ignoring natural environmental variation. This provides inherent inefficiencies of over- or under- irrigation within individual fields.

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39

Söderholm, Simon, and Rebecka Karlsson. "Transport of organic chlorine through soil : A study of organic chlorine in soil water from a catchment in northern Sweden." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Linköping University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15226.

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<p><p>Chlorine is an element commonly found in the environment of our planet, in the atmosphere, the earth crust and the oceans. Chlorine occurs in two forms, inorganic chloride (Cl<sub>in</sub>) and organically bound chlorine (Cl<sub>org</sub>), also called organochlorine. For a long time, the organic halogens (among them the organic chlorine) had been considered as produced only by human activities. However, the research of the recent decades suggests a considerably amount of naturally produced organic chlorine in soil and water. Through the research, a hypothesis have emerged, suggesting th

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40

Holleran, Molly E. "Quantifying catchment scale soil variability in Marshall Gulch, Santa Catalina Mountains Critical Zone Observatory." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1538334.

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<p> The quantification and prediction of soil properties is fundamental to further understanding the Critical Zone (CZ). In this study we aim to quantify and predict soil properties within a forested catchment, Marshall Gulch, AZ. Input layers of soil depth (modeled), slope, Saga wetness index, remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and national agriculture imagery program (NAIP) bands 3/2 were determined to account for 95% of landscape variance and used as model predictors. Target variables including soil depth (cm), carbon (kg/m<sup>2</sup>), clay (%), Na flux (kg/m<su

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Hart, Timothy David. "Diffusion of ions and water through microbial polysaccharides in the rhizosphere." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842747/.

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It is proposed that microbial polysaccharides behave anion-exclusively, permitting the transport of cations, but excluding the diffusion of anions. This hypothesis has been investigated in the context of polysaccharides produced by microorganisms in the rhizosphere. The anion-exclusive behaviour of exopolysaccharides, extracted from broth cultures of a range of rhizosphere microorganisms together with several commercial polysaccharides (i.e., xanthan, scleroglucan, dextran, guar gum) was investigated by measuring the electrochemical potential which developed as a result of the diffusion of KC1

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42

Sanger, Luke. "Acidic deposition effects on upland organic soils and their drainage water." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1993. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU058910.

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The work presented in this thesis investigates the effects of precipitation chemistry on the chemical characteristics of upland organic soils in the UK and their associated drainage waters. It also describes effects on a number of microbially-mediated processes and concludes with a study on methods for the amelioration of peat acidification. Data presented in chapters 3, 5 and 6 have recently been published or accepted for publication (Sanger et al. 1993 a. 1993 b and 1993 c). The first chapter describes the nature of soil acidity and reviews the relevant literature on the effects of acidic de

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Culumber, Catherine Mae. "Soil Nutrient Cycling and Water Use in Response to Orchard Floor Management in Stone-Fruit Orchards in the Intermountain West." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5030.

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Fruit growers in Utah and other areas across the Intermountain West are faced with growing production challenges stemming from declining soil quality and water resources. Population growth presents challenges in terms of the cost and availability of land, but also presents opportunities in the form of new marketing options such as organic fruit. Few certified organic fruit orchards are operating in Utah currently, which is attributed to a lack of locally tested and adapted organic management practices. An organic peach orchard trial evaluated the effectiveness of different organic management a

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Hedley, Carolyn B. "The development of proximal sensing methods for soil mapping and monitoring, and their application to precision irrigation : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Soil Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1217.

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The potential of proximal soil sensing methods for high resolution investigation of soils in the landscape has been investigated. This addresses the need for improved environmental monitoring and management of soils within their environs. On-the-go electromagnetic (EM) mapping has been used to map soils, providing a high resolution (< 10m) spatially defined soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) datalayer. Vis-NIR field spectroscopy has been trialled for in situ analysis of soil carbon, nitrogen and moisture. The portable spectroradiometer has been used at 6 sites in the Taupo-Rotorua reg

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Turmel, Marie-Soleil. "Soil properties and the response of rice production to water regime and fertilizer source in low fertility soils of the Republic of Panama." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103713.

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The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a resource-conserving rice production system that uses intermittent flooding and organic fertilization. The SRI is emerging as an alternative to conventional rice production systems that use continuous flooding and mineral fertilizer only, however yield improvements with SRI have been highly variable. The objective of this research was to determine if soil properties control the yield improvements with SRI and, if so, the underlying chemical and biological mechanisms. A meta-analysis of 72 SRI vs. conventional system trials from 16 countries found a

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Shrestha, Paliza. "Water Quality Performance And Greenhouse Gas Flux Dynamics From Compost-Amended Bioretention Systems & Potential Trade-Offs Between Phytoremediation And Water Quality Stemming From Compost Amendments." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/851.

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Stormwater runoff from existing impervious surfaces needs to be managed to protect downstream waterbodies from hydrologic and water quality impacts associated with development. As urban expansion continues at a rapid pace, increasing impervious cover, and climate change yields more frequent extreme precipitation events, increasing the need for improved stormwater management. Although green infrastructure such as bioretention has been implemented in urban areas for stormwater quality improvements and volume reductions, these systems are seldom monitored to validate their performance. Herein, we

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Tvergyak, Jennifer Louise. "Organic By-Product Materials as Soil Amendments." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339463187.

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Shrestha, Pratap Kumar. "Incorporating local knowledge in participatory development of soil and water management interventions in the middle hills of Nepal." Thesis, Bangor University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288134.

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Comte, Irina. "Landscape-scale assessment of soil properties, water quality and related nutrient fluxes under oil palm cultivation: a case study in Sumatra, Indonesia." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117091.

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The rapid expansion of oil palm cultivation in Southeast Asia raises environmental concerns. Oil palm growers in Indonesia are faced with the challenge of sustaining high yields to keep pace with the growing global demand for oil and fats, while reducing the environmental impacts of oil palm cultivation. Environmental impacts associated with the deforestation at the initial phase of an oil palm plantation establishment are well documented, however the impacts of mature oil palm plantation on water quality remain poorly investigated. Oil palm is a perennial crop cultivated predominantly on wea

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Kusumo, Bambang Hari. "Development of field techniques to predict soil carbon, soil nitrogen and root density from soil spectral reflectance : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Soil Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1015.

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The objectives of this research were to develop and evaluate a field method for in situ measurement of soil properties using visible near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS). A probe with an independent light source for acquiring soil reflectance spectra from soil cores was developed around an existing portable field spectrometer (ASD FieldSpecPro, Boulder, CO, USA; 350-2500 nm). Initial experiments tested the ability of the acquired spectra to predict plant root density, an important property in soil carbon dynamics. Reflectance spectra were acquired from soil containing ryegrass roo

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