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Journal articles on the topic 'Soil composition south africa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Bühmann, C. "Parent Material and Pedogenic Processes in South Africa." Clay Minerals 29, no. 2 (1994): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1994.029.2.09.

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AbstractThe soils over about half of South Africa are developed from sedimentary rocks of the Karoo Supergroup. Some units within the Karoo strata display variations in their mineralogical composition which correlate with fluctuations in the environment of deposition and with palaeotemperature. The former trends are reflected in the ratio of kaolinite to 2:1 layer-silicates, range from kaolinite-dominated to kaolinite-free, and are particularly evident in rocks of the Vryheid Formation. Geothermal history is preserved in various stages of smectite illitization ranging from R = 0 structures wit

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2

Boneschans, R. B., M. S. Coetzee, and S. J. Siebert. "A geobotanical investigation of the Koedoesfontein Complex, Vredefort Dome, South Africa." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 4 (2015): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14267.

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The Vredefort Dome (impact structure) in South-Africa hosts several unique peralkaline to ultramafic intrusive bodies that were emplaced into its core and collar. Because of the broad difference in mineral composition, between the intrusions as well as the abundant siliciclastic country rocks, abrupt transitions in soil chemical characteristics are produced that can ultimately affect the floristic and physiognomic characteristics of the associated vegetation in the dome. Despite various efforts to study the ultramafic-adapted vegetation of southern Africa, little is known about the effect thes

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3

Sigge, G. O., L. lipumbu, and T. J. Britz. "Proximate composition of carob cultivars growing in South Africa." South African Journal of Plant and Soil 28, no. 1 (2011): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2011.10640008.

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4

Rethman, N., and P. Tanner. "Influence of Soil Fertility on Botanical Composition of Rehabilitated Pastures in South Africa." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1993, no. 1 (1993): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr93010348.

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Venter, Arthurita, Anatoliy Levanets, Stefan Siebert, and Nishanta Rajakaruna. "A preliminary survey of the diversity of soil algae and cyanoprokaryotes on mafic and ultramafic substrates in South Africa." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 4 (2015): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14207.

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Despite a large body of work on the serpentine-substrate effect on vascular plants, little work has been undertaken to describe algal communities found on serpentine soils derived from peridotite and other ultramafic rocks. We report a preliminary study describing the occurrence of algae and cyanoprokaryotes on mafic and ultramafic substrates from South Africa. Results suggest that slope and aspect play a key role in species diversity and community composition and, although low pH, nutrients and metal content do not reduce species richness, these edaphic features also influence species composi

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van der Merwe, Gertruida M. E., Michiel C. Laker, and Christl Bühmann. "Clay mineral associations in melanic soils of South Africa." Soil Research 40, no. 1 (2002): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr00097.

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The melanic horizon is 1 of 5 diagnostic topsoil horizons distinguished in the South African soil classification system. Melanic soils span a wide spectrum, ranging from those that intergrade with a vertic to those that intergrade with a humic horizon. Melanic soils are therefore expected to vary considerably with respect to a variety of physical, chemical, and clay mineralogical properties. The objective of the present study was to determine the clay mineral compositions of melanic horizons from 58 modal profiles and to establish to what extent melanic soil properties are related to clay mine

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Ferreira, J., C. E. Reeves, J. G. Murphy, L. Garcia-Carreras, D. J. Parker, and D. E. Oram. "Isoprene emissions modelling for West Africa using MEGAN." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 3 (2010): 6923–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-6923-2010.

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Abstract. Isoprene emissions are the largest source of reactive carbon to the atmosphere, with the tropics being a major source region. These natural emissions are expected to change with changing climate and human impact on land use. As part of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) project the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) has been used to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of isoprene emissions over the West African region. During the AMMA field campaign, carried out in July and August 2006, isoprene mixing ratios were measured on bo

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8

Akinola, Saheed, Ayansina Ayangbenro, and Olubukola Babalola. "The Immense Functional Attributes of Maize Rhizosphere Microbiome: A Shotgun Sequencing Approach." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020118.

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The northwest (NW) province of South Africa is a semi-arid area, often disturbed by soil extremes such as drought and intense temperature. However, many functions possessed by the rhizosphere microbiome are still required, especially those inhabiting arid and semi-arid soils. This study involves a metagenomic comparison of the major metabolic attributes of two maize rhizosphere soils and their surrounding soils. Here, we hypothesized that there is a considerable difference between the functional diversity of maize rhizosphere and bulk soils and that the rhizosphere soil has distinct functional

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Kellerman, M. J. S., and M. W. Van Rooyen. "Seasonal variation in soil seed bank size and species composition of selected habitat types in Maputaland, South Africa." Bothalia 37, no. 2 (2007): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v37i2.323.

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Seasonal variation in seed bank size and species composition of five selected habitat types within the Tembe Elephant Park. South Africa, was investigated. At three-month intervals, soil samples were randomly collected from five different habitat types: a, Licuati forest; b, Licuati thicket; c, a bare or sparsely vegetated zone surrounding the forest edge, referred to as the forest/grassland ecotone; d, grassland; and e, open woodland. Most species in the seed bank flora were either grasses, sedges, or forbs, with hardly any evidence of woody species. The Licuati forest and thicket soils produ

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10

Olowoyo, J. O., L. L. Mugivhisa, and Z. G. Magoloi. "Composition of Trace Metals in Dust Samples Collected from Selected High Schools in Pretoria, South Africa." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5829657.

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Potential health risks associated with trace metal pollution have necessitated the importance of monitoring their levels in the environment. The present study investigated the concentrations and compositions of trace metals in dust samples collected from classrooms and playing ground from the selected high schools In Pretoria. Schools were selected from Pretoria based on factors such as proximity to high traffic ways, industrial areas, and residential areas. Thirty-two dust samples were collected from inside and outside the classrooms, where learners often stay during recess period. The dust s

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Dube, Joel P., Angel Valverde, Joachim M. Steyn, Don A. Cowan, and Jacqueline E. van der Waals. "Differences in Bacterial Diversity, Composition and Function due to Long-Term Agriculture in Soils in the Eastern Free State of South Africa." Diversity 11, no. 4 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11040061.

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Land-use change from natural to managed agricultural ecosystems significantly impacts soil bacterial diversity and function. The Eastern Free State (EFS) is one of the most productive agricultural regions in South Africa. However, no studies aiming to understand the changes in bacterial diversity, composition and function due to land-use change in this area have been conducted. This study investigated, using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the effects of long-term agriculture on bacterial diversity, composition and putative function in the EFS by comparing microbiomes from l

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Peebles, Jamie, Ephraim Gwebu, Opeoluwa Oyedeji, et al. "Composition and Biological Potential of Essential Oil from Thelechitonia trilobata Growing in South Africa." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 12 (2011): 1934578X1100601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100601238.

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Thelechitonia trilobata is regarded as a troublesome weed that grows to form a dense blanket over the soil preventing the growth of other crops in farmland. Although the plant is regarded as a notorious, invasive plant, its chemical composition and biological potential have not been reported. The essential oil was isolated from the fresh leaves of T. trilobata using hydrodistillation. α-Pinene (21.6%), α-phellendrene (21.0%), limonene (12.8%) and germacrene D (7.5%) were the major constituents of the oil. The essential oil was screened against agricultural pests. The anti-tick properties were

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13

Ferreira, J., C. E. Reeves, J. G. Murphy, L. Garcia-Carreras, D. J. Parker, and D. E. Oram. "Isoprene emissions modelling for West Africa: MEGAN model evaluation and sensitivity analysis." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 17 (2010): 8453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-8453-2010.

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Abstract. Isoprene emissions are the largest source of reactive carbon to the atmosphere, with the tropics being a major source region. These natural emissions are expected to change with changing climate and human impact on land use. As part of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) project the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) has been used to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of isoprene emissions over the West African region. During the AMMA field campaign, carried out in July and August 2006, isoprene mixing ratios were measured on bo

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14

Bello, Tesleem T., Danny L. Coyne, and Hendrika Fourie. "Free-living nematode assemblages in the rhizosphere of watermelon plants in Nigeria: a baseline study." Nematology 22, no. 1 (2019): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003278.

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Summary Watermelon is increasingly produced and consumed in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. However, limited information exists regarding nematode pests and beneficial/free-living nematodes associated with the crop. The present study recorded the abundance and diversity of free-living nematodes from 50 watermelon fields across south-west Nigeria during 2016/2017. Of the 30 genera identified from soil samples, Cephalobus, followed by Rhabditis, Aphelenchus and Aporcelaimus, were predominant. Variation in nematode community structures across the 50 fields was apparent for mean maturity indices,

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HUGO-COETZEE, ELIZABET A., and NICO L. AVENANT. "The effect of fire on soil oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) in a South African grassland*." Zoosymposia 6, no. 1 (2011): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.6.1.31.

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Fire is a natural disturbance factor in southern African grasslands, and has become an important management tool for conservation of these habitats. Information on the impact of fire on any aspect of biodiversity will assist land managers to make more informed decisions on a fire regime that will conserve biodiversity in these grasslands. This is the first study to examine the responses of mite assemblages to fire disturbance in South African grasslands. The study was conducted in the Erfenis Dam Nature Reserve in central South Africa. An area of the Reserve was burned with a fast, hot fire wh

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16

Rauwane, Molemi E., Laurette M. Marais, Oluwatosin G. Oladipo, Cornelius C. Bezuidenhout, and Mark S. Maboeta. "Spatio-seasonal dynamics of bacteria and metal composition of a platinum mine tailings dam, Rustenburg, South Africa." South African Journal of Plant and Soil 35, no. 2 (2017): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2017.1345017.

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17

Nadel, R. L., M. C. Scholes, and M. J. Byrne. "Slash burning, faunal composition, and nutrient dynamics in a Eucalyptus grandis plantation in South AfricaThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Forum on Towards Sustainable Forestry — The Living Soil: Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 2 (2007): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-287.

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The sustainability of exotic commercial plantations is dependent on the conservation of soil nutrients, especially on the ancient, leached soils of the tropics, particularly when limited fertilization is practiced. In Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maid. plantations in South Africa, the site is usually burned following harvest and prior to replanting, potentially causing a disruption of soil faunal function and losses of nutrients associated with burning and removal of slash residues. The aim was to study the effect of fire on nutrient dynamics and invertebrate faunal composition. The in situ n

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18

Nxele, Thembeka C., Tarombera Mwabvu, and Inam Yekwayo. "Earthworm species occurrence in agroecosystems in the Midlands, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." African Invertebrates 62, no. 2 (2021): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.67875.

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Little is known about the species composition of earthworms in agroecosystems in South Africa even though earthworms provide soil ecosystem services and are useful biological indicators of changes in the habitats. Given the land use and management impact biodiversity, the aim of this study was to document earthworm species that occur under cultivated land in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands. A survey of nine farms that practise conservation agriculture was carried out between 2018 and 2020. Twelve earthworm species belonging to four introduced families: Acanthodrilidae (Dichogaster bolaui), Rhinodri

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19

Fashola, Muibat Omotola, Veronica Mpode Ngole-Jeme, and Olubukola Oluranti Babalola. "Physicochemical properties, heavy metals, and metal-tolerant bacteria profiles of abandoned gold mine tailings in Krugersdorp, South Africa." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 100, no. 3 (2020): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0161.

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Mine tailings are a potential source of heavy metals (HM) that can be toxic to microbes, plants, and animals in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Bacteria have evolved several mechanisms to tolerate the uptake of HM ions. This study aimed to assess the physicochemical properties, concentrations of selected HM and metalloids [arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and cobalt (Co)], and isolate potential metal-tolerant bacteria present at three abandoned gold mining sites with a view of understanding how tailings characteristics vary and the implications on microbial ac

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20

Gwedla, Nanamhla, and Charlie M. Shackleton. "Population size and development history determine street tree distribution and composition within and between Eastern Cape towns, South Africa." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 25 (July 2017): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.04.014.

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21

Groen, Thomas A., Frank van Langevelde, Claudius A. D. M. van de Vijver, Navashni Govender, and Herbert H. T. Prins. "Soil clay content and fire frequency affect clustering in trees in South African savannas." Journal of Tropical Ecology 24, no. 3 (2008): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467408004872.

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Abstract:In this paper, we investigate which factors determine tree clustering in Southern African savannas. This was tested by measuring clustering of trees using the T-squared sampling method in plots of the Kruger National Park experimental burning programme in South Africa. Fire return interval is the main treatment in these plots, but also several auxiliary determining parameters like clay content in the soil, diameter of tree canopies, understorey composition, tree species diversity and average annual rainfall were measured while sampling. In the Kruger National Park 48 plots distributed

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Vail, J. W., and D. G. Devey. "Controlling Metal Uptake from Heat-Treated Sludge Applied to Grasslands." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 4-5 (1985): 599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0163.

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A Zimpro heat-treated sewage sludge containing high levels of zinc, nickel, lead and chromium was successfully used to establish high-grade pastures and turf on two different coastal soils in South Africa, using guidelines developed in the United Kingdom to control the rate of application. The properties and composition of the sludge and soils are described and levels of metals in the grass are reported. The rates of application suggested by the guidelines were effective in preventing excessive metal uptake. The results obtained are discussed in relation to tentative guidelines for controlling

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23

Hahn, Annette, Enno Schefuß, Sergio Andò, et al. "Southern Hemisphere anticyclonic circulation drives oceanic and climatic conditions in late Holocene southernmost Africa." Climate of the Past 13, no. 6 (2017): 649–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-649-2017.

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Abstract. Due to the high sensitivity of southern Africa to climate change, a reliable understanding of its hydrological system is crucial. Recent studies of the regional climatic system have revealed a highly complex interplay of forcing factors on precipitation regimes. This includes the influence of the tropical easterlies, the strength of the southern hemispheric westerlies as well as sea surface temperatures along the coast of the subcontinent. However, very few marine records have been available in order to study the coupling of marine and atmospheric circulation systems. Here we present

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Ruwanza, Sheunesu, and Charlie M. Shackleton. "Aspect and slope as determinants of vegetation composition and soil properties in coastal forest backdunes of Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Ecology 55, no. 2 (2016): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12343.

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Buhmann, C., I. Rapp, and MC Laker. "Differences in mineral ratios between disaggregated and original clay fractions in some South African soils as affected by amendments." Soil Research 34, no. 6 (1996): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9960909.

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Conflicting information is available on the propensity different soil clays exhibit to dispersion. We therefore assessed the relative stability of the clay components of 12 soil samples, from various parts of South Africa, to predominantly physical disruption by a mild disruptive treatment [mechanical shaking for 5 min in distilled water (DW), and after the addition of phosphogypsum (PG; 2% by weight) and polyacrylamide (PAM; 0.04% by weight)]. The soils differed markedly in their physical and chemical properties. Clay fractions were of mixed mineralogy and dominated by kaolinite, illite, or s

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Sieben, E. J. J., D. C. Kotze, and C. D. Morris. "Floristic composition of wetlands of the South African section of the Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Park." Bothalia 40, no. 1 (2010): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v40i1.201.

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A survey was conducted on the wetlands in the South African section of the Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Park (MDTP), along altitudinal gradients from the foothills to the summit plateau in six different catchments. Environmental indices of soil wetness, texture and organic contents of the soil were determined to relate wetland community types to their environment. Thirty-six plant communities were recognized with a total of 56 subcommunities. These communities fall into five different categories: I, the high-altitude fens and seepages are a loose grouping of distinct vegetation types from

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Conradie, Tersia Andrea, and Karin Jacobs. "Distribution patterns of Acidobacteriota in different fynbos soils." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0248913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248913.

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The Acidobacteriota is ubiquitous and is considered as one of the major bacterial phyla in soils. The current taxonomic classifications of this phylum are divided into 15 class-level subdivisions (SDs), with only 5 of these SDs containing cultured and fully described species. Within the fynbos biome, the Acidobacteriota has been reported as one of the dominant bacterial phyla, with relative abundances ranging between 4–26%. However, none of these studies reported on the specific distribution and diversity of the Acidobacteriota within these soils. Therefore, in this study we aimed to first det

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Mills, A. J., M. V. Fey, A. Gröngröft, A. Petersen, and T. V. Medinski. "Unravelling the effects of soil properties on water infiltration: segmented quantile regression on a large data set from arid south-west Africa." Soil Research 44, no. 8 (2006): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05180.

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Relationships were sought between infiltrability and the properties of hundreds of surface soils (pedoderms) sampled across Namibia and western South Africa. Infiltrability was determined using a laboratory method, calibrated against a rainfall simulator, which measures the passage of a suspension of soil in distilled water through a small column packed with the same soil. Other properties determined were EC, pH, water-soluble cations and anions, ammonium acetate-extractable cations, organic C, total N, a 7-fraction particle size distribution, water-dispersible silt and clay, and clay mineral

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Makouate, H. F., M. W. Van Rooyen, and C. F. Van der Merwe. "Anatomy of myxospermic diaspores of selected species in the Succulent Karoo, Namaqualand, South Africa." Bothalia 42, no. 1 (2012): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v42i1.4.

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Environmental conditions encountered in arid ecosystems differ vastly from those in more mesic ecosystems. Dispersal strategies in arid environments reflect these differences and many mechanisms have evolved that restrict or hinder dispersal. Myxospermy is a trait developed by plant species from arid regions to restrict diaspore dispersal by means of an anchorage mechanism. Several of the abundant plant species in Namaqualand, within the arid Succulent Karoo Biome, display myxospermy. Diaspores of these species produce copious amounts of mucilage when they are moistened and are anchored to the

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Canellas, Luciano Pasqualoto, Riccardo Spaccini, Natalia De Oliveira Aguiar, and Fabio Lopes Olivares. "Soil Organic Matter Quality From Soils Cropped by Traditional Peasants." Sustainable Agriculture Research 3, no. 4 (2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v3n4p63.

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<p>In this work we have analyzed soil samples from Oxisols collected from two traditional communities, one formed by Guarany Indians at South of Brazil and other by African descendants on North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The content and fractional composition of humus was investigated and the isolated humic acids (HAs) were characterized by elemental composition, <sup>13</sup>C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-performance size exclusion chromatography. The bioactivity of HAs was evaluated considering the effects on root growth of maize seedlings. Chemica

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Dlamini, T. C., and R. J. Haynes. "Influence of agricultural land use on the size and composition of earthworm communities in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Applied Soil Ecology 27, no. 1 (2004): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2004.02.003.

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Haynes, R. J., C. S. Dominy, and M. H. Graham. "Effect of agricultural land use on soil organic matter status and the composition of earthworm communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 95, no. 2-3 (2003): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8809(02)00223-2.

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Walters, D. J. J., D. C. Kotze, and T. G. O’Connor. "Impact of land use on vegetation composition, diversity, and selected soil properties of wetlands in the southern Drakensberg mountains, South Africa." Wetlands Ecology and Management 14, no. 4 (2006): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-005-4990-5.

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Swanepoel, P. A., J. Habig, C. C. du Preez, P. R. Botha, and H. A. Snyman. "Biological quality of a podzolic soil after 19 years of irrigated minimum-till kikuyu–ryegrass pasture." Soil Research 52, no. 1 (2014): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr13237.

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Conversion of natural rangeland to minimum-tillage kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) based pastures for dairy production in the southern Cape of South Africa, may be beneficial to soil biological quality. The objective was to evaluate whether 19 years of minimum-till kikuyu-ryegrass pasture had altered the distribution and quality of biological properties formerly developed under natural rangeland. An irrigated minimum-till kikuyu-ryegrass pasture soil was compared to virgin soil with natural rangeland. Soil organic matter, soil organic C, active C, microbial biomass C, total N and enzymatic ac

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Mavimbela, S. S. W., and L. D. van Rensburg. "In-situ evaluation of internal drainage in layered soils (Tukulu, Sepane and Swartland)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 6 (2011): 9797–841. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-9797-2011.

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Abstract. The soil water release (SWC) and permeability properties of layered soils following deep infiltration depends on the structural and layering composition of the profiles diagnostic horizons. Three layered soils, the Tukulu, Sepane and Swartland soil forms, from the Free State province of South Africa, were selected for internal drainage evaluation. The soil water release curves as a function of suction (h) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K-coefficient) as a function of soil water content, SWC (θ), were characterised alongside the pedological properties of the profiles. The wat

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Bona, Elisa, Nadia Massa, Omrane Toumatia, et al. "Climatic Zone and Soil Properties Determine the Biodiversity of the Soil Bacterial Communities Associated to Native Plants from Desert Areas of North-Central Algeria." Microorganisms 9, no. 7 (2021): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071359.

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Algeria is the largest country in Africa characterized by semi-arid and arid sites, located in the North, and hypersaline zones in the center and South of the country. Several autochthonous plants are well known as medicinal plants, having in common tolerance to aridity, drought and salinity. In their natural environment, they live with a great amount of microbial species that altogether are indicated as plant microbiota, while the plants are now viewed as a “holobiont”. In this work, the microbiota of the soil associated to the roots of fourteen economically relevant autochthonous plants from

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Rimé, Delphine, Sylvie Nazaret, François Gourbière, Patrice Cadet, and Yvan Moënne-Loccoz. "Comparison of Sandy Soils Suppressive or Conducive to Ectoparasitic Nematode Damage on Sugarcane." Phytopathology® 93, no. 11 (2003): 1437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.11.1437.

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Two South African sandy soils, one suppressive and the other conducive to ectoparasitic nematode damage on monoculture sugarcane, were compared. Analysis of field transects indicated that the suppressive soil displayed a comparatively higher population of the weak ectoparasite Helicotylenchus dihystera, whose predominance among ectoparasitic nematodes is known to limit yield loss caused by more virulent phytonematodes. Soil type was identical at both sites (entisols), but the suppressive soil had a higher organic matter content and a lower pH, which correlated with H. dihystera population data

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Jacobs, Karin, Tersia Conradie, and Shayne Jacobs. "Microbial Communities in the Fynbos Region of South Africa: What Happens during Woody Alien Plant Invasions." Diversity 12, no. 6 (2020): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12060254.

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The Cape Floristic Region (CFR) is globally known for its plant biodiversity, and its flora is commonly referred to as fynbos. At the same time, this area is under severe pressure from urbanization, agricultural expansion and the threat of invasive alien plants. Acacia, Eucalyptus and Pinus are the common invasive alien plants found across the biome and considerable time, effort and resources are put into the removal of invasive alien plants and the rehabilitation of native vegetation. Several studies have shown that invasion not only affects the composition of plant species, but also has a pr

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Ruwanza, Sheunesu. "The Edge Effect on Plant Diversity and Soil Properties in Abandoned Fields Targeted for Ecological Restoration." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (2018): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010140.

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Changes in biotic and abiotic factors may create opportunities for biodiversity recovery in abandoned agricultural fields. This study examined the natural/old field edge effect on plant diversity and soil properties at Lapalala Wilderness in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Detailed vegetation surveys and soil measurements were conducted in three old fields that share a natural/old field road edge boundary. On each site, three transects, each with four plots (10 × 10 m), located 10 m into the natural area and 10, 30 and 50 m into the old field from the edge, were setup. Plant diversity and comp

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Popp, Manuel R., and Jesse M. Kalwij. "Abiotic conditions shape the relationship between indigenous and exotic species richness in a montane biodiversity hotspot." Plant Ecology 222, no. 4 (2021): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-021-01116-6.

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AbstractMontane ecosystems are more prone to invasions by exotic plant species than previously thought. Besides abiotic factors, such as climate and soil properties, plant-plant interactions within communities are likely to affect the performance of potential invaders in their exotic range. The biotic resistance hypothesis predicts that high indigenous species richness hampers plant invasions. The biotic acceptance hypothesis, on the other hand, predicts a positive relationship between indigenous and exotic species richness. We tested these two hypotheses using observational data along an elev

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Gqozo, Magalane Pheladi, Malick Bill, Nazareth Siyoum, Nico Labuschagne, and Lise Korsten. "Fungal diversity and community composition of wheat rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils from three different agricultural production regions of South Africa." Applied Soil Ecology 151 (July 2020): 103543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103543.

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Mabapa, M. P., K. K. Ayisi, and I. K. Mariga. "Effect of Planting Density and Harvest Interval on the Leaf Yield and Quality of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) under Diverse Agroecological Conditions of Northern South Africa." International Journal of Agronomy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2941432.

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Smallholder livestock farmers who depend on natural communal grazing lands are particularly vulnerable to climate change as well as to food insecurity and should be encouraged to grow drought-tolerant fodder crops. Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, due to its exceptionally high nutritional content. This study was conducted at two experimental sites in the Limpopo province of northern South Africa to evaluate for the first time the effect of plant density and cutting interval on biomass production and chemical composition of moringa grown under two diverse climatic conditions. Four dif

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Saaed, Manam WB, Shayne M. Jacobs, Mmoto L. Masubelele, Igshaan Samuels, Lesego Khomo, and Yacoub M. El-Barasi. "The composition of the soil seedbank and its role in ecosystem dynamics and rehabilitation potential in the arid Tankwa Karoo Region, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 35, no. 3-4 (2018): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2018.1526824.

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Iloh, Patrick, George Fanourakis, and Aurobindo Ogra. "Evaluation of Physical and Chemical Properties of South African Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) for Concrete Use." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (2019): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010193.

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The foundry industry in South Africa forms one of the greatest industries in the manufacturing sector. It produces waste foundry sand (WFS) that ends up in landfill sites. Around 80% of the WFS could be utilized as a substitute for sand in concrete. The utilization of WFS will benefit the industry, as raw materials (natural sand alternative) and energy are conserved, while costs of disposal are lowered. Soil pollution, as well as water and air resources, will be minimized and the foundries’ competitiveness will be improved. In this study, the physical and chemical properties of five WFSs (two

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Njwaxu, Afika, and Charlie M. Shackleton. "The Availability of Non-Timber Forest Products under Forest Succession on Abandoned Fields along the Wild Coast, South Africa." Forests 10, no. 12 (2019): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10121093.

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Large swathes of arable fields have been abandoned in many areas of the world over the last few decades driven by a multitude of local and broader-scale factors. Many former fields experience a change in vegetation composition and structure post-abandonment, typically through a process of plant succession. The changes in species and abundance mean that the nature and quantity of ecosystem services provided by the former fields also varies. We examined the types of provisioning services obtained from non-timber forest products (NTFPs) with increasing age since field abandonment. We sampled 43 f

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Maenhaut, Willy, Imre Salma, Jan Cafmeyer, Harold J. Annegarn, and Meinrat O. Andreae. "Regional atmospheric aerosol composition and sources in the eastern Transvaal, South Africa, and impact of biomass burning." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101, no. D19 (1996): 23631–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95jd02930.

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Ritter, Camila D., Sibylle Häggqvist, Dave Karlsson, et al. "Biodiversity assessments in the 21st century: the potential of insect traps to complement environmental samples for estimating eukaryotic and prokaryotic diversity using high-throughput DNA metabarcoding." Genome 62, no. 3 (2019): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0096.

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The rapid loss of biodiversity, coupled with difficulties in species identification, call for innovative approaches to assess biodiversity. Insects make up a substantial proportion of extant diversity and play fundamental roles in any given ecosystem. To complement morphological species identification, new techniques such as metabarcoding make it possible to quantify insect diversity and insect–ecosystem interactions through DNA sequencing. Here we examine the potential of bulk insect samples (i.e., containing many non-sorted specimens) to assess prokaryote and eukaryote biodiversity and to co

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Moyo, B., S. Dube, M. Lesoli, and P. J. Masika. "Herbaceous biomass, species composition and soil properties of keygrazing patches in coastal forest thornveld and two grassland types of theEastern Cape province, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 27, no. 3 (2010): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2010.520677.

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Jordaan, Franci, and Jaco v Rooyen. "The Effect of Continuous Grazing on Herbaceous Species Composition, Basal Cover and Production on Three Soil Types in the North West Province, South Africa." International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research 8, no. 3 (2021): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.70.2021.83.148.163.

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Bhugeloo, Astika, Syd Ramdhani, Kabir Peerbhay, Olivier Kambol Kambaj, and Sershen. "Forest canopy gaps offer a window into the future The case of subtropical coastal forests within an urban matrix in South Africa." Forest Systems 30, no. 1 (2021): e003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2021301-16914.

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Aim of the study: Alien and indigenous species emergence patterns within canopy gaps in urban subtropical forests are poorly understood. This study compared canopy gap floristics in relation to abiotic and physical characteristics across three subtropical urban forests differing in disturbance history.Area of study: Three Northern Coastal Forests of varying disturbance histories found in coastal subtropical urban KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa (SA).Materials and methods: Closed canopy ( n = 15 quadrats per forest ) and four gaps from three size classes (‘small’ < 25 m2, ‘medium’ 25 - 45

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