Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils

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Academic literature on the topic 'Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils"

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Hilimire, Kathleen, Stephen R. Gliessman, and Joji Muramoto. "Soil fertility and crop growth under poultry/crop integration." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 28, no. 2 (June 15, 2012): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174217051200021x.

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AbstractInnovative sources of soil fertility are of utmost importance to growers in light of rising fertilizer costs and environmental concerns. Integrating livestock and crop production is one channel by which agricultural practitioners can enhance soil fertility. For this research, soil fertility was analyzed in pastured poultry/crop agroecosystems to determine whether free-ranging birds and pasture could be used to replace or supplement non-manure-based fertilizers. Soils from adjacent cropped areas were compared to plots with a recent history of pastured poultry use on two farms, and crop plants were grown in each type of soil in a replicated greenhouse experiment. Spatial variation in soil fertility was also assessed relative to location of poultry coops. Pastured poultry plots had elevated soil total C, total N, NH4+–N, NO3−–N, Olsen P, exchangeable K, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and electrical conductivity relative to the control of typically managed organic farm soils without pastured animal inputs. These soil fertility changes conferred greater biomass and height to sunflowers and beans grown in these soils relative to control soils for most treatments. Results suggest that pastured poultry can effectively fertilize soil for certain crops but that a need exists for more research into (1) phosphorus management and (2) ensuring a spatially uniform distribution of manure.
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Fukuda, Monrawee, Dohan M. Soma, Shinya Iwasaki, Satoshi Nakamura, Takashi Kanda, Korodjouma Ouattara, and Fujio Nagumo. "Site-specific responses of lowland rice to acidulated and calcined phosphate rock fertilizers in the Center-West region of Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 19, 2021): e0250240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250240.

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Soil phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint of crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso, P is rarely replenished as fertilizer supplies are limited in rural areas and because of the socio-economic situation of farmers. There is however, an abundance of local phosphate rock resource in the country. The development of local inorganic P fertilizers to improve crop production and replace the nutrients removed after harvesting, as well as to promote to sustainable agriculture, is desired. This study evaluated the efficiency of low-grade Burkina Faso phosphate rock (BPR)-based P fertilizers, produced by acidulation and calcination-the major fertilizer processing methods, on lowland rice production and the soil factors influencing their effectiveness. The results showed that the acidulated P fertilizers were as effective as conventional commercial P fertilizers on various soil types, textures, and fertility. Calcined P fertilizers were consistently effective on fine-textured soils with high basic fertility. It was found that fine soil texture and basic fertility of the initial soils were important factors in agronomic efficiency of BPR-based fertilizers and the resilience of rice production to climatic variability. It is recommended that soil type, with respect to soil texture, soil properties, inherent fertility, and water availability, should be considered when using BPR-based fertilizers for rice cultivation.
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Romanov, Evgeny, Dmitry Mukhortov, and Tatiana Nureeva. "Application of organic waste composts when producing forest planting material." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 113 (2016): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1613133r.

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Most seedlings and saplings of woody plants in the Russian Federation are produced in the open ground in forest nurseries. In order to produce high quality planting material it is necessary to support and preserve soil fertility, which can be obtained by using organic wastes and organic-based fertilizers. Our research is aimed at the assessment of the influence of non-conventional organic fertilizers on fertility of podzols and on the growth rate of seedlings and saplings of woody plants in forest nurseries. Our research shows, that the application of non-conventional organic fertilizers does not result in any accumulation of heavy metal salts in podzols, but optimizes hydro physical and agrochemical properties of the ploughed horizon. The efficiency of non-conventional organic fertilizers depends on their composition, physical and chemical characteristics of the original components, their doses applied and original fertility of soils. A combined application of non-conventional organic fertilizers and sand results in the optimization of practically all soil fertility parameters in middle clay-loam soils, while application of non-conventional organic fertilizers and clay is optimal for application on light soils. The optimal application dose of non-conventional fertilizers depends on soil texture, woody species and the fertilizer composition. An optimal application dose for Norway spruce on a light clay-loam soil is 50-80 tons/ha, and on a middle clay-loam soil is 149-182 tons/ha. It is 50 tons/ha for Scots pine growing on a sandy loam soil, and 100 tons/ha for the same species growing on a sandy soil or a light clay-loam. For Siberian larch growing on a light clay-loam soil the dose of fertilizer applied should be 150 tons/ha. It is recommended to apply composts containing over 50% (by weight) of Category II wastes (substrate) for the amelioration of light soils, and composts containing over 40% (by weight) of Category I wastes (filler) for the amelioration of heavy soils. It would allow for the optimization of soil properties and production of better quality planting material in forest nurseries.
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Corrêa, Juliano Corulli, Agostinho Rebellatto, Marco André Grohskopf, Paulo Cezar Cassol, Paulo Hentz, and Amanda Zolet Rigo. "Soil fertility and agriculture yield with the application of organomineral or mineral fertilizers in solid and fluid forms." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 5 (May 2018): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000500012.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of organomineral and mineral fertilizers, in their solid and fluid forms, on soils with variable charges with high fertility built up from nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in the soil and plant, as well as on corn (Zea mays) and black oat (Avena strigosa) yield. The treatments consisted of one control and four fertilizers - two organomineral and two mineral - in solid (SO, solid organomineral; and SM, solid mineral) and fluid (FO, fluid organomineral; and FM, fluid mineral) forms applied in Rhodic Kandiudox and Distrochrept soils with no-tillage. The use of organomineral or mineral fertilizers in fluid and solid forms increases total N content in the soil, maintains exchangeable K content in both soils, and may enhance available P content to the depth of 0.6 m in Distrochrept. These factors allowed significantly increasing corn yield, regardless of the fertilizer, and establishing greater residual effect for fluid organomineral fertilizer in the winter black oat yield, even in soils with high fertility.
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Van Straaten, Peter. "Farming with rocks and minerals: challenges and opportunities." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 78, no. 4 (December 2006): 731–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652006000400009.

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In many parts of the world food security is at risk. One of the biophysical root causes of falling per-capita food production is the declining quality and quantity of soils. To reverse this trend and increase soil fertility soil and plant nutrients have to be replenished. This review provides a literature survey of experiences of using multi-nutrient rock fertilizers for soil fertility enhancement from temperate and tropical environments. Advantages and limitations of the application of rock fertilizers are discussed. Examples are provided from two successful nutrient replenishment projects in Africa where locally available rock fertilizers are used on highly leached acid soils. The potential of combining organic materials alongside rock fertilizers in soil fertility replenishment strategies is stressed.
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Warkentin, B. P. "Tillage for soil fertility before fertilizers." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-108.

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The present concern for decreased tillage in crop production systems makes it interesting to look back 300 years to when Jethro Tull introduced his system of intensive tillage for cereals and fodder crops. His experiments in England, at a time when landowners started paying more attention to farming, established that frequent tillage with plows could substitute for manure or fallow in continuous cropping of wheat. The general understanding was that exposed soil absorbed plant nutrients from the atmosphere; therefore, it was important to turn over lower layers and to leave the soil in a loose condition where more surfaces were exposed. In addition to controlling weeds, a probably equally important factor was speeding up mineralization of organic matter through increased aeration. This would account for the increased yields even where weeds were not present, and the ability to substitute tillage for fallow. Tull's system of cultivating wheat grown in rows, sometimes on ridges, was vehemently debated in the 18th century and was not widely accepted. The benefits would have diminished as organic matter content of soils decreased, and was probably not effective on all soils. Key words: Horse-hoeing husbandry, mineralization, ploughing, Jethro Tull
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Burkhanova, Dilnavoza, Dilrabo Kodirova, Munisa Urmanova, Muradjan Karimov, and Matlyuba Usmonova. "Perceived methods for increasing the productivity of irrigated typical gray and grazing soils of Uzbekistan in non-traditional irrigation." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 03024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125803024.

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This article considers the effective effect of mulching of irrigated typical gray and meadow soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers on soil fertility, mulching of typical gray soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) in meadow soils. The effect on microbiological activity was determined. The application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) to typical irrigated gray and meadow soils and mulching of the soil with plant residues have been shown to affect the growth and yield of winter wheat and cotton.
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Vozhik, Yu G., and V. I. Panasyuk. "Technical and technological support for the production of organic fertilizers based on peat." Mehanization and electrification of agricultural, no. 12 (2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2020-12-2.

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Annotation Purpose. To increase the fertility of Ukrainian soils by using organic fertilizers based on peat. Methods. For research, modern scientific and industrial recommendations were used to increase soil fertility through the use of organic fertilizers based on peat. Results. By analyzing the results of scientific and industrial activities in the field of soil fertility, practical recommendations for the use of cheap and affordable peat-based organic matter for this purpose have been identified. Conclusions. It is established that due to the significant reduction of livestock and the rise in price of mineral fertilizers in Ukraine, one of the effective ways to increase soil fertility is the use of organic fertilizers made from peat. Specific recommendations on technology and technical means for achieving this goal are identified. Keywords: soil fertility, organic fertilizers, peat, composts, technology, technical means.
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Prasad, Vishal, Shivani Chaudhary, and Anjali Singh. "Improving Phosphorus Fertility in Soil through Microbial Mediators." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 4, no. 02 (July 31, 2018): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v4i02.9.

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Microbes are an important element of the phosphorus cycle operative in the soil and play significant roles in transference of phosphorus between various soil phosphorus pools. Therefore, there has been continued interest in the usage of soil microbes to improve the phosphorus nutrition of plants and increase the overall efficiency of phosphorus use in agricultural systems. This interest originates from the fact that insufficiency of phosphorus is a common problem in soils all over the world, that a foremost cost for agricultural production is due to phosphate fertilizers and that the efficacy of phosphorus used by plants from soil applied phosphate fertilizers is very poor. Hence, with such issues the role of soil microbes in increasing phosphorus fertility in soils becomes more important. In this review several such aspects concerning the solubilisation and mobilization of soil phosphorus by microorganisms for enhancing soil fertility are discussed.
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Kozlova, N. V., and L. S. Malyukova. "Change in the soils’ fertility level of tea agrocenoses in the transition to cultivation without mineral fertilizers in the humid-subtropical zone of Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125405009.

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Research was carried out on the basis of preserved field multifactor experiment on tea crop (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in the conditions of the Sochi Black Sea coast. The application of NPK fertilizers in different doses and combinations according to the experimental scheme was carried out annually from 1986 to 2011. Since 2012, the use of fertilizers has been completely discontinued. The fertility indicators of long-fertilized brown forest acidic soils (in layers 0-20/20-40 cm) were compared with those after 7-8 years of fertilizer withdrawal. During the period of fertilizers’ application, the level of soils’ nitrogen supply significantly exceeded the control (by 30-75/30-56 mg/kg depending on the doses of nitrogen fertilizers). After the fertilizers’ discontinuity, nitrogen supply level equalization occurred in all experimental options. The content of labile phosphorus in soils previously fertilized with high phosphorus doses (120 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1 and more), during the period of experiment’s conservation decreased by 450-500/350-450 mg/kg, but exceeded the control in 2-2.5 times; in soils previously fertilized by low doses, the indicators have not changed significantly. In soils highly supplied with labile potassium, the content of the element decreased by 70-140 mg/kg. The yield of tea in 2019-2020 was equally low (12-26 cwt/ha) on all options, 2.2-3 times lower than fertilized plantations. After the fertilizers’ withdrawal, there was a decrease in acidity (an average increase in pH by 0.18-0.24/0.12-0.20 units) of agrogenic-acidized soils and an increase in their oppressed respiratory activity (on average by 1.6 times). These changes reflect the tendency of soil self-restoration after the removal of the fertilizers’ load.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils"

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Knowles, Tim C., Paul Artz, and Chip Sherrill. "Preplant Micronutrient Fertilizers for Cotton." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197269.

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Micronutrient fertilizers including zinc, boron, copper, and manganese in their sulfate forms were broadcast applied and incorporated preplant to determine their effects on lint yield of upland cotton.
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Dupuis, Eartha M. "Poultry manure and inorganic fertiliser effects on soil fertility and microbial communities in wheat and corn agroecosystems." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97946.

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Many producers in North America are finding it profitable to make the transition from conventional farming to organic agriculture. Organic fertilisers may affect crop production and soil quality differently than inorganic fertilisers. The objectives of this study conducted in Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue. Quebec were to examine crop yield, grain quality, soil fertility and microbial community parameters in wheat and corn agroecosystems receiving poultry manure or inorganic fertiliser. Wheat grain yield declined and corn grain yield did not increase with higher N rates, suggesting that increased N supply did not encourage grain production. Soil analyses demonstrated high inherent soil fertility at the study site, and fertilisation led to an environmentally undesirable increase in residual soil NO3 concentrations. Microbial biomass and respiration in corn agroecosystems were greater with poultry manure amendments than inorganic fertiliser, but not in wheat agroecosystems due to significant variation among field replicates. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed significant differences between wheat and corn soil microbial community composition, but differences due to fertilisation were less evident. Further work is needed to uncover the relationships among N fertilisation, crop nutrition and soil microbiology in organic agroecosystems.
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Al-Ghawas, Samir A. "Some fertility problems associated with Kuwaiti calcareous soil and brackish irrigation water." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/some-fertility-problems-associated-with-kuwaiti-calcareous-soil-and-brackish-irrigation-water(d3c74d9d-cf4e-452a-8c2c-73d98636cffe).html.

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The study was undertaken to improve phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) availability and crop uptake in Kuwaiti calcareous soils. Field, glass-house and laboratory studies investigated the effectiveness of i) pyrophosphate (PP) mixed with orthophosphate (OP) fertilizers and ii) elemental sulphur (S') as a soil acidulent. In the field PP was incorporated with OP at a PP: OP P ratio of 0: 100,5: 95 and 10: 90 and applied at recommended agronomic P rates to Zea mays (corn) and Triticum spp (wheat) with micronutrients as subtreatments. Crop yields did not differ for all treatments receiving P probably due to high P residual levels in the soil but plant P uptake and P-tissue concentrations were significantly higher with PP treatment and Zn-tissue concentrations increased above the control treatments by 17% and 34% for the corn and wheat respectively, whereas with OP only treatments there was a slight decline in Zntissue concentrations. A further two experiments were conducted in the glass-house utilising a similar soil and experimental design to grow Zea mays and Avena sativa (oat) under distilled or brackish water irrigation regimes. PP amended treatments increased plant yields in the glass-house experiments by 15-18% and 20-25% for the corn and oats, respectively, while plant P-uptake increased by 83% and 32% when PP was incorporated with OP for the corn and oats respectively. Similarly, PP treatments stimulated higher plant Zn-uptake. In the glass-house Zn concentrations in plant tissues were higher by 24-40% for treatments with PP than with OP only. These findings were supported by NaHC03 P and DTPA-Zn soil extraction, where levels moved from "marginal" to "adequate" ranges with the inclusion of PP with OP. Generally there were no significant improvements when PP/OP ratio increased from 5 to 10%. Furthermore, brackish water irrigation had no direct influence on PP soil reaction or hydrolysis. Elemental sulphur (S') was applied in quantities that could theoretically neutralise 0,25,50,100 and 200% of the soil CaCO3 with two rates of P and micronutrient combinations in a split-split plot design. In the field experiment corn and wheat were grown as test crops, while in the glass-house corn was grown with distilled or brackish water after the soil/S' mixture was incubated at 30'C and approximate field moisture capacity for six months. The oxidation of S' to H 2SO4 did not proceed in a linear fashion; there were lower rates of S' oxidation at the high S' application, better monitored by the generated SO42 than the decline in either soil pH or CaCO3 content. Soil pH decline was moderate until soil CaCO3 content dipped below 6%. At these levels soils became acidic. The dissolution of soil CaCO3 was proportional to the S' applied, but its effective size distribution changed from coarse clay/fine silt to that of coarse silt/fine sand with the highest S' rates. This would have profound effects on its surface area and activity. The S' treatment also resulted in higher soil salinity; EC increased from 3-4 to as high as 12 dSm-1. Simultaneously there was a build up of gypsum which under SEM examination revealed that soil particle surfaces were shielded by gypsum crystals. Plants did not respond favourably to S' inclusion, and yield declined by 35% with the highest S' rates. However, at moderate rates the yield was similar to the control. Soil-P increased (NaHCO3 P extraction) at moderate levels of S' and then declined at higher rates. Extractable soil-Fe (DTPA) significantly increased only at higher S' rates, while Zn (DTPA) did not have a clear response and DTPA-Mn steadily increased even with the lowest S' rate. Plant tissue concentration and element uptake were difficult to assess in the light of declining plant growth and changed soil nutrient availability. Nevertheless S' treatment equivalent to 25% CaCO3 neutralisation maintained yield, P and Zn uptake while significantly increasing Fe and Mn uptake by 63 and 12% respectively for the field grown wheat. In none of the studies was there consistent response to micronutrient fertilisation. Furthermore, brackish irrigation did not interfere with the soil nutrient extractions or plant uptake.
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Rethwisch, M. D., R. Suffle, M. Reay, and R. Murphey. "Effects of AuxiGro® WP and Fertilizers on Upland Cotton in the Palo Verde Valley, 2002." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197913.

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A field experiment was conducted to obtain data from upland cotton grown under low desert conditions to document of the effects of AuxiGro® WP and treatments consisting of AuxiGro® WP plus various foliar fertilizers on cotton yield and quality. Treatments were applied the morning of July 6, 2002, to DPL 655BR cotton that had begun bloom approximately June 28. Yields and quality data were obtained and economics calculated. AuxiGro by itself did not result in a yield increase, but did so in combination with various fertilizers. Highest quality resulted in the 8 oz/acre rate of AuxiGro + Foliar Pride fertilizer, but highest yields were documented from the 4 oz./acre rate of AuxiGro + CalMax. All treatments increased harvested value of cotton/acre when compared with the untreated check, with the treatment consisting of 4 oz./acre rate of AuxiGro + CalMax worth almost $200/acre more than the untreated check.
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Pasquini, Margaret. "Soil fertility management strategies in irrigated peri-urban agriculture around Jos, Nigeria : an interdisciplinary approach." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3970/.

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This thesis examines soil fertility management strategies in dry season irrigated vegetable production (DSIVP) in peri-urban areas of Jos, Nigeria. Farmers have developed a complex strategy of mixing inorganic fertilisers with organic manure and town refuse ash (produced by open burning, and sorting for non-combustible components). The thesis aimed to gain insights into the sustainability (in terms of nutrient supply) of the local agricultural system, acquire an understanding of past and present fertiliser practices and the rationale behind them, provide an appreciation of the role played by urban waste ash and the risks attached to its use, and place the problem of soil fertility in a wider context of farming problems. An inter-disciplinary approach was adopted so the methods used are: chemical analysis of soil and inputs (i.e. refuse ash), questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews (with farmers and PADP, JMDB, FUA etc.) and participant observation. The thesis observed that farmers have in-depth, but informal, empirically-derived knowledge about fertiliser application, which explains their past success in soil fertility maintenance. The tremendous increase in DSIVP in the last decade, though, has brought about a scarcity of organic amendments; farmers are increasingly reliant on inorganic fertilisers, probably over-applying them. Although this is not an immediate threat to the stability of the system, it may lead to soil acidification in the near future. Urban waste ash can counteract soil acidification (high pH and base cations), but certain batches can be contaminated by heavy metals, and indeed there is some indication of accumulation in the crops of the study farms. The problem of soil fertility needs to be addressed, however, farmers' short-term concerns (particularly access to credit facilities) need to be solved first. It is imperative that the Nigerian Government should take note of these issues and rapidly take steps to solve them.
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Rethwisch, M. D., E. Duran, J. Seiler, J. Nelson, and P. Hayden. "Effects of Foliar Fertilizers Containing Calcium on Early June Planted Cotton in the Palo Verde Valley, 2000." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197912.

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Three foliar fertilizers containing calcium were applied at first bloom to evaluate effects on late planted (June 1) cotton in the Palo Verde Valley. Application of Calcium Metalosate resulted in increased retention percentages when compared with other foliar fertilizers at 21 days post treatment as well as more nodes/plant and calculated fruiting structures/plant. Yields did not reflect these differences however, as highest overall yields were from the untreated check, which yielded about 100 lbs. of lint/acre more than foliar fertilizer treatments. Foliar treatments did result in numerically lower micronaire and longer fibers from first pick cotton. Cotton from the first pick Calcium Metalosate treatment was strongest, but similar to other treatments. Foliar treatments did result in increased cotton value/acre by $65-95/acre, but differences noted were not consistent across field. Increased value noted for fertilizers was associated with areas of field with lowest retention rates in the untreated check at three weeks post application, and further reduction in lint quality value of untreated cotton, due perhaps to crop stresses.
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Turmel, Marie-Soleil. "Soil properties and the response of rice production to water regime and fertilizer source in low fertility soils of the Republic of Panama." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103713.

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The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a resource-conserving rice production system that uses intermittent flooding and organic fertilization. The SRI is emerging as an alternative to conventional rice production systems that use continuous flooding and mineral fertilizer only, however yield improvements with SRI have been highly variable. The objective of this research was to determine if soil properties control the yield improvements with SRI and, if so, the underlying chemical and biological mechanisms. A meta-analysis of 72 SRI vs. conventional system trials from 16 countries found a significant yield response to SRI in low fertility soils (P<0.0001), but no difference between SRI and the conventional system in moderate and high fertility soils. These results were validated in a greenhouse study. Soils with low P availability (≤7.1 mg P kg-1) responded positively to intermittent flooding and organic fertilizer by increasing plant biomass, plant P uptake, available soil P and microbial P concentrations, compared to soils under continuous flooding and amended with mineral NPK fertilizer only. A field study investigating the interactive effects of water regime and fertilizer source found that, under conditions of P limitation, yields were greater with NPK + composted cow manure (compost) than NPK fertilizer alone in the intermittently flooded (6.6 t ha-1 vs. 4.9 t ha-1) and continuously flooded (6.8 t ha-1 vs. 6.2 t ha-1) soils. The available soil P concentration was significantly increased by compost and was correlated with yield (P=0.007). When N was the most limiting nutrient, according to the Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) analysis, yields were greater in the continuously flooded (5.2 t ha-1) than intermittently flooded (2.7 t ha-1) soils receiving NPK fertilizer only, but showed no difference when compost was applied. Compost had a positive effect on the crop nutrient balance according to DRIS analysis (P=0.0007). On-farm trials of SRI at 10 locations in Panama showed an average yield increase of 47% and 86% less water use. SRI is recommended as a rice production system to conserve water and improve rice yields under conditions of P limitation. Organic fertilization is recommended to improve crop nutrient balance and yield under intermittently flooded soil conditions.
Le Système de Riziculture Intensive (SRI) est un système de production du riz qui préserve les ressources naturelles en utilisant l'irrigation intermittente et la fertilisation organique. SRI apparait comme une alternative aux systèmes de production de riz conventionnels qui utilisent l'irrigation continue et seulement des engrais minéraux; cependant les améliorations de rendement avec le SRI ont été très variables. L'objectif de cette recherche a été de déterminer si les améliorations de rendement dépendent des propriétés du sol avec SRI et quels sont les mécanismes chimiques et biologiques sous-jacents. Une méta-analyse de 72 tests SRI vs systèmes traditionnels dans 16 pays a révélé une réponse significative du rendement au SRI sur sols à faible fertilité (P<0.0001) mais pas de différence sur des sols à moyenne et forte fertilité. Ces résultats ont été validés par une étude en serre. Des sols bas en P (≤7.1 mg P kg-¹) ont réagis positivement à l'irrigation intermittente et aux engrais organiques en augmentant la biomasse de la plante, l'assimilation P, la disponibilité du P du sol, les concentrations microbiennes de P, comparativement aux sols avec irrigation continue et modifiés avec des engrais minéraux NPK seulement. Une étude de terrain investiguant les interactions des types d'alimentation en eau et des types d'engrais a démontré que dans les conditions de limitation de P, les rendements étaient plus importants avec NPK + fumier de vache (compost) qu'avec l'engrais NPK seul sur sols irrigués par intermittence (6.6 t ha-¹ vs 4.9 t ha-¹) et sur sols irrigués en continue (6.8 t ha-¹ vs 6.2 t ha-¹). La concentration P a été augmentée de façon significative par le compost et corrélée au rendement (P=0.007). Selon l'analyse du Système Intégré de Diagnostic et Recommandation (DRIS), lorsque l'N était la substance nutritive la plus limitée, les rendements étaient meilleurs sur des sols à irrigation continue (5.2 t ha-¹) que sur sols à irrigation intermittente (2.7 t ha-¹) en utilisant l'engrais NPK seulement, mais les rendements n'étaient pas différents quand le compost était utilisé. Le compost avait un effet positif sur l'équilibre des substances nutritives de la récolte selon l'analyse de DRIS (P=0.0007). Des essais du SRI dans les fermes à différents endroits du Panama ont montré une augmentation moyenne du rendement de 47% et ont utilisé 86% de moins d'eau. SRI est recommandé en tant que système de production du riz pour préserver l'eau et pour augmenter les rendements de production du riz dans les conditions de limitation du P. La fertilisation organique est recommandée pour améliorer l'équilibre des substances nutritives de la récolte et du rendement dans les conditions de sols irrigués par intermittence.
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Sika, Makhosazana Princess. "Effect of biochar on chemistry, nutrient uptake and fertilizer mobility in sandy soil." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20272.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Biochar is a carbon-rich solid material produced during pyrolysis, which is the thermal degradation of biomass under oxygen limited conditions. Biochar can be used as a soil amendment to increase the agronomic productivity of low potential soils. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applying locally-produced biochar on the fertility of low-nutrient holding, sandy soil from the Western Cape, and to determine the optimum biochar application level. Furthermore, this study investigates the effect of biochar on the leaching of an inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and a multi-element fertilizer from the sandy soil. The biochar used in this study was produced from pinewood sawmill waste using slow pyrolysis (450 °C). The soil used was a leached, acidic, sandy soil from Brackenfell, Western Cape. In the first study, the sandy soil mixed with five different levels of biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5, 0.5 and 10.0 % w/w) was chemically characterised. Total carbon and nitrogen, pH, CEC and plant-available nutrients and toxins were determined. The application of biochar resulted in a significant increase in soil pH, exchangeable basic cations, phosphorus and water holding capacity. A wheat pot trial using the biochar-amended soil was carried out for 12 weeks and to maturity (reached at 22 weeks). The trial was conducted with and without the addition of a water-soluble broad spectrum fertilizer. Results showed that biochar improved wheat biomass production when added at low levels. The optimum biochar application level in the wheat pot trial was 0.5 % (approximately 10 t ha-1 to a depth of 15 cm) for the fertilized treatments (21 % biomass increase), and 2.5 % (approximately 50 t ha-1 to a depth of 15 cm) for unfertilized treatments (29 % biomass increase). Since most biochars are alkaline and have a high C:N ratio, caution should be taken when applying it on poorly buffered sandy soil or without the addition of sufficient nitrogen to prevent nutrient deficiencies. In the second study, leaching columns packed with sandy soil and biochar (0, 0.5, 2.5 and 10.0 % w/w) were set up to determine the effect of biochar on inorganic nitrogen fertilizer leaching over a period of 6 weeks. It was found that biochar (0.5, 2.5, and 10.0 % w/w) significantly reduced the leaching of ammonium (12, 50 and 86 % respectively) and nitrate (26, 42 and 95 % respectively) fertilizer from the sandy soil. Moreover, biochar (0.5 %) significantly reduced the leaching of basic cations, phosphorus and certain micronutrients. This study demonstrated the potential of biochar as an amendment of acidic, sandy soils. Our findings suggest that an application rate of 10 t ha-1 should not be exceeded when applying biochar on these soils. Furthermore, biochar application can significantly reduce nutrient leaching in sandy agricultural soils.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Biochar is ʼn koolstof-ryke, soliede materiaal geproduseer gedurende pirolise, wat die termiese degradasie van biomassa onder suurstof-beperkte omstandighede behels. Biochar kan gebruik word as ʼn grondverbeterings middel om die agronomiese produktiwiteit van grond te verhoog. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effek van plaaslike vervaardigde biochar op die vrugbaarheid van die sanderige grond van die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek, en om die optimale biochar toedieningsvlak te bepaal. Verder, het hierdie studie die effek van biochar op die loging van anorganiese stikstof kunsmis en ‘n multi-elementkunsmis op sanderige grond ondersoek. Die biochar wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is van dennehout saagmeul afval vervaardig d.m.v. stadige pirolise (450 °C). Die grond wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is ‘n geloogde, suur, sanderige grond van Brackenfell, Wes-Kaap. In die eerste studie, is ‘n chemiesie ondersoek van die sanderige grond wat vermeng met is met vyf verskillende vlakke van biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5 en 10.0 % w/w) uitgevoer. Totale koolstof en stikstof, pH, KUK, en plant-beskikbare voedingstowwe en toksiene is in die grondmengsels bepaal. Die toediening van biochar het ‘n veroorsaak dat die grond pH, uitruilbare basiese katione, fosfor en waterhouvermoë beduidend toegeneem het. ‘n Koringpotproef was uitgevoer vir 12 weke en ook tot volwassenheid (wat op 22 weke bereik was) om die effek van die biochar op die sanderige grond teen die vyf verskillende toedieningsvlakke te bepaal. Daar was behandelings met en sonder die bykomstige toediening van ‘n wateroplosbare breë-spektrumkunsmis. Resultate toon dat die toediening van biochar teen lae vlakke koringbiomassa produksie verbeter. Die optimale biochar toedieningsvlak in die koringpotproef is 0.5 % (omtrent 10 t ha-1 tot ‘n diepte van 15 cm) vir die bemeste behandeling (21 % biomassa toename), en 2.5 % (omtrent 50 t ha-1 na ‘n diepte van 15 cm) vir onbemeste behandelings (29 % biomassa toename). Aangesien die meeste biochars alkalies is en ‘n hoë C:N verhouding besit, moet sorg gedra word wanneer dit op swak-gebufferde of lae N-houdende sanderige gronde toegedien word. Die resultate het aangedui dat die biochar versigtig aangewend moet word om grond oorbekalking te voorkom. In die tweede studie, was kolomme gepak met 2.0 kg van die sanderige grond gemeng met biochar (0, 0.05, 0.5, 2.5 en 10.0 % w/w) om die effek van biochar op die loging die anorganiese stikstof kunsmis oor ‘n tydperk van 6 weke om vas te stel. Daar is gevind dat biochar (0.5, 2.5 en 10.0 % w/w) die loging van ammonium (12, 50 en 86 % onderskeidelik) en nitraat (26, 42 en 95 % onderskeidelik) op sanderige grond aansienliek verminder. Verder, het biochar (0.5 %) die loging van basiese katione, fosfor en mikrovoedingstowwe aansienlik verminder. Hierdie studie het die potensiaal van biochar as verbeteringmiddel van suur, sanderige grond gedemonstreer. Ons bevindinge dui daarop aan dat ‘n toepassing vlak van 10 t ha-1 moet nie oorskry word nie wanneer biochar op hierdie gronde toegedien word. Die toediening van biochar op sanderige grond kan die loging van voedingstowwe aansienlik verlaag.
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Dube, Ernest. "Soil fertility enhancement through appropriate fertilizer management on winter cover crops in a conservation agriculture system." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001044.

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A study was carried out to determine the effects of oat (Avena sativa) and grazing vetch (Vicia darsycapa) winter cover crops and fertilizer application on SOM, phosphorus (P) pools, nutrient availability, nutrient uptake, maize yield and seedbanks of problematic weeds in an irrigated maize-based conservation agriculture (CA) system. A separate experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the winter cover crops on nitrogen (N) management, N use efficiency and profitability. After four years of continuous rotation, the winter cover crops significantly (p<0.05) increased particulate SOM and hot water soluble carbon in the 0 – 5 and 5 – 20 cm soil depths. When fertilized, oat was better able to support SOM sequestration in water stable aggregates at 0 – 20 cm whilst grazing vetch was more effective at 20 – 50 cm. Where no fertilizer was invested, there were significant (p<0.01) reductions in biomass input and SOM on oat-maize and weedy fallow-maize rotations whereas vetch-maize rotations did not respond, both at 0 – 5 and 5 – 20 cm. Targeting fertilizer to the winter cover crop required less fertilizer, and yet gave a similar SOM response as targeting the fertilizer to the maize crop. In addition to increasing SOM in the surface soil (0 – 5 cm), the winter cover crops significantly (p<0.05) increased labile pools of P, including microbial P. The cover crops also significantly (p<0.05) increased maize P concentration during early growth, extractable soil P, Cu, Mn, and Zn but had no effect on Ca and K. Grazing vetch increased soil mineral N but reduced extractable soil Mg. Without fertilizer, there were sharp declines in maize grain yield on oat and weedy fallow rotations over the four year period, but less so, on the grazing vetch. Grazing vetch increased maize growth, grain yield response to N fertilizer, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and profitability for fertilizer rates below 180 kg N ha-1. Oat effects however on maize yield and NUE were generally similar to weedy fallow. Based on the partial factor productivity of N, the highest efficiencies in utilization of fertilizer N for maize yield improvement under grazing vetch and oat are obtained at 60 kg N ha-1 and would decline thereafter with any increases in fertilizer application rate. Grazing vetch gave N fertilizer replacement values of up to 120 kg N ha-1 as well as the highest marginal rates of return to increasing N fertilizer rate. The cover crops were more effective than the weedy fallow in reducing seedbank density of Digitaria sanguinalis, Eleusine indica, Amaranthus retroflexus and Datura stramonium at 0 – 5 cm soil depth, causing weed seed reductions of 30 - 70%. The winter cover crops however, selectively allowed emergence of the narrow leafed weeds; Cyperus esculentus and Digitaria sanguinalis in the maize crop. The findings of this study suggested that grazing vetch is suited for SOM improvement in low fertilizer input systems and that fertilizer is better invested on winter cover crops as opposed to maize crops. Oat, on the other hand, when fertilized, would be ideal for C sequestration in water stable aggregates of the surface soil. Grazing vetch is ideal for resource poor farmers who cannot afford mineral fertilizers as it gives grain yield improvement and high fertilizer replacement value. Grazing vetch can produce enough maize yield response to pay its way in the maize-based systems and oat may not require additional N than that applied to the weedy fallow. Phosphorus and Zn are some of the major limiting essential plant nutrients on South African soils and the winter cover crops could make a contribution. The cover crops also hasten depletion of some problematic weeds from seedbanks, leading to reduced weed pressure during maize growth.
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Röing, Kristina. "Soil nitrogen fluxes in Swedish and Nigerian agricultural systems /." Uppsala : Dept. of Soil Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200557.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils"

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L, Nelson Werner, and Beaton James D. 1930-, eds. Soil fertility and fertilizers. 4th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1985.

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Whitmore, Susan. Climate, fertilizers, and soil fertility: January 1981 - February 1991. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1991.

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Pouzet, D. Diagnostic de fertilité des sols et conseil en fertilisation des principales cultures réunionnaises. Saint Denis, La Réunion: CIRAD, 1997.

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Whalen, Joann K. Soil fertility improvement and integrated nutrient management: A global perspective. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2012.

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Soil fertility evaluation and control. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1993.

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Foth, H. D. Soil fertility. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Lewis, 1997.

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Foth, H. D. Soil fertility. New York: Wiley, 1988.

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Rwanda. Ministère de l'agriculture, de l'élevage et des forêts. Direction générale de la production agricole., ed. Séminaire régional sur la problématique de fertilisation et du revenu du paysan sur les sols acides de hautes altitudes du [Rwanda]: Gikongoro, du 13 au 19 novembre 1988. [Kigali]: La Direction, 1989.

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F, Power J., ed. Soil fertility management for sustainable agriculture. Boca Raton: CRC/Lewis Publishers, 1997.

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Parnes, Robert. Organic & inorganic fertilizers. Mt. Vernon, ME: Woods End Agricultural Institute, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils"

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Singh, Teg Bahadur, Akbar Ali, Mrinalini Prasad, Arti Yadav, Preksha Shrivastav, Deepika Goyal, and Prem Kumar Dantu. "Role of Organic Fertilizers in Improving Soil Fertility." In Contaminants in Agriculture, 61–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41552-5_3.

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Bogdanović, D., M. Ubavić, M. Čuvardić, and M. Jarak. "Effect of different fertilization systems on variation of soil fertility in long-term trials." In Fertilizers and Environment, 223–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_36.

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Dommergues, Y. R., and F. Ganry. "Biological nitrogen fixation and soil fertility maintenance." In Management of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Africa, 95–115. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4398-8_5.

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Owusu-Bennoah, E., D. K. Acquaye, and M. Abekoe. "Efficient fertilizer use for increased crop production: Use of phosphorus fertilizers in concretional soils of northern Ghana." In Alleviating Soil Fertility Constraints to Increased Crop Production in West Africa, 149–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3224-4_14.

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Ssali, H., P. M. Ahn, and A. Mokwunye. "Fertility of soils of tropical Africa: a historical perspective." In Management of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Africa, 59–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4398-8_3.

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Plǎmǎdealǎ, V., and L. Bulat. "Direct and Residual Effects of Phosphate-Enhanced Organic Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Crop Production." In Soil as World Heritage, 405–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6187-2_40.

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Bloukounon-Goubalan, Adin Y., Aliou Saïdou, Victor A. Clottey, Kalifa Coulibaly, Norbert Erokotan, Noel Obognon, Faki Chabi, and Christophe A. A. M. Chrysostome. "By-products of insect rearing: insect residues as biofertilizers." In Insects as animal feed: novel ingredients for use in pet, aquaculture and livestock diets, 60–71. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245929.0008.

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Abstract The chapter highlights the potential benefits associated with the use of insect-rearing residues as biofertilizers while exploring the mechanisms by which chitin in insect frass might control common crop pathogens. The potential benefits for soil fertility derived from the use of insect frass, comparison of quality of insect-derived biofertilizers and common organic and inorganic fertilizers and insect frass and plant health improvement are discussed. While more research is essential to understand the true value of insect-derived biofertilizers for plant and soil health, preliminary findings suggest there are significant opportunities for beneficial impacts in agriculture and horticulture to be realized.
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Gamajunova, Valentyna. "Sustainability of Soil Fertility in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, Depending on Fertilizers and Irrigation." In Soil Science Working for a Living, 159–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45417-7_14.

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Wong, M. T. F., A. Wild, and A. U. Mokwunye. "Overcoming soil nutrient constraints to crop production in West Africa: Importance of fertilizers and priorities in soil fertility research." In Alleviating Soil Fertility Constraints to Increased Crop Production in West Africa, 105–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3224-4_9.

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Bationo, Andre, Alfred Hartemink, Obed Lungu, Mustapha Naimi, Peter Okoth, Eric Smaling, Lamourdia Thiombiano, and Boaz Waswa. "Knowing the African Soils to Improve Fertilizer Recommendations." In Improving Soil Fertility Recommendations in Africa using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT), 19–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2960-5_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil fertility Fertilizers Soils"

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Petelko, A. I. "Rational use of washed soil." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.31.

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Integrated agricultural practices contribute to increasing and restoring the fertility of washed lands, reducing water erosion of soils on the slopes. When cultivating eroded soils, it is necessary to introduce organic and mineral fertilizers into the arable layer, enrich it with nutrients and eliminate the acid reaction. To do this, you need to carry out deep plowing up to 30 cm with the simultaneous introduction of organic matter and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is acidic, then liming is necessary. This will help to create a better soil environment and better absorption of fertilizers.
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MAZHAYSKY, Yuri, Tatyana GUSEVA, and Otilija MISECKAITĖ. "INTEGRATED MELIORATION MEASURES ON RESTORATION OF POLLUTED AND DEGRADED SOILS FERTILITY." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.044.

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In case of significant technogenic geochemical loads on agricultural landscapes, the issue of ecological forecasting of environmental management is particularly important. Scientific studies of this issue are aimed at establishing the critical values for the components of the ecosystem, the classification of technogenic sources of hazardous substances, levels of soil contamination. This study presents a research to determine the content of heavy metals in the soils of the Ryazan region (Russia) and analyzed the level of their pollution. In the experiments organic, organomineral and mineral fertilizers systems were studied. From 2002 to 2008 were conducted lysimetric experiments on detoxification of elevated pollution of sod-podzol sandy loam soil, and from 2006 to 2008 of podzolized black soil. The participation of the non-ferrous metals plant emissions was detected in the pollution of sod-podzol light in granulometric composition soils with copper of up to 80 mg·kg-1, when the average concentration of Cu in the soil was 38.8 ±6 mg·kg-1. Humification plays a significant role in the formation of soil, its most important properties and characteristics. The saturation of 1 hectare of sown area with organic was slightly different in the experiments, but the intensity of accumulation of humus from the various agrochemical means did not almost differ. The problem of adaptation of plants in the conditions of technogenic environment is of primary importance. Plants have three biobarera against the admission of toxicants, these are the soil – the root – the stem – the reproductive organs. Grain in contaminated soil is environmentally hazardous as the content of Pb is indicated at the level of 0.68, 1.17 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.5), Cd – 0.27, 0.11 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.1), Zn – 76 mg·kg-1 (50 MPC). Use of fertilizing systems had a mostly positive effect, but products do not always become environmentally friendly.
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Teberdiev, Dalhat, Anna Rodionova, and Sergey Zapivalov. "INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND FERTILIZERS SYSTEMS FOR LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY HAYMAKING AND SOIL FERTILITY." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-22-70-34-39.

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When using long-term haymaking (73 years of use), the regularities of the influence of fertilizers and technological systems on the productivity and fertility of the soil are established. When using a technogenic system (without fertilizers), the productivity was 31.9 GJ/ha of exchange energy, the content of mobile phosphorus in the soil decreased by 37%, exchange potassium-by 19%, humus increased from 2.03 to 3.05%, with an annual humus content of 18 kg/ha. The highest productivity of haymaking over the past 27 years of use was observed in the technogenic-mineral system when using N180P45K90 —– 72.5 GJ/ha of exchange energy, 5.6 thousand feed. units, 922 kg/ha of raw protein. The content of mobile phosphorus in the soil increased by 232% compared to the initial one, humus from 2.03 to 2.94%, exchange potassium decreased by 18%, and the average annual accumulation of humus was 28 kg/ha.
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Kildyushkin, V. M., A. G. Soldatenko, and E. G. Zhivotovskaya. "Soil fertility and productivity of winter wheat depending on the cultivation technology." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-25.

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The influence of various technologies on soil fertility and field crop yields was studied. It was found that the content of humus in the 0–30 cm layer when applying fertilizers, crop residues, or green manure together with ameliorant, increased by traditional technology to 3.43 and by minimal to 3.45–3.47 %. Significant reserves of moisture in the 0–100 cm layer of soil under winter wheat were on the traditional and decompression technologies 137 and 125 mm, respectively. Soil density in the layers 0–20 and 20–40 cm was less by the traditional and decompression technologies, respectively, 1.32 and 1.34 g/cm3. The use of N136P18K15 provided an increase in grain yield to 34.4 с/ha.
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Klimenko, O. E., N. N. Klimenko, and N. I. Klimenko. "Biologization is the way to sustainable development of Crimean garden agrocenoses." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.01.

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The intensification of agricultural production, which involves the use of highly productive plant varieties, high-performance equipment, high doses of mineral fertilizers and pesticides leads to soil degradation and environmental contamination. In this regard, alternative methods of agricultural production replace agricultural intensification. To increase the sustainability and environmental friendliness of garden agrocenoses it is necessary to reduce the chemical load and intensify biological processes by planting green manure crops and perennial herbs, as well as increase microbial diversity through application of microbial fertilizers. We offer the use of various methods of gardening biologization: sod-humus or green manure row spacing systems with different grasses and microbial fertilizers. We conducted comprehensive studies of the effect of MP on the growth and productivity of seedlings of stone fruit plants. The most effective MPs, their doses and methods of application for growing grafted annual seedlings of peach, cherry, apricot and cherry plum, as well as their effect on soil properties, have been determined. A joint positive effect of soil sodding with a mixture of cereal-bean perennial herbs and the use of MP on soil properties and ampelocenosis state in the foothill Crimea was established. In general, the use of biologization elements can increase soil fertility and fruit plants and grapes productivity by 10- 20 %.
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Huang, Dongfeng, Limin Wang, and Tao Luo. "Effects of Applying Humic Fertilizers on Tea's Yield , Nutritional Quality and Soil Fertility in a Tea Garden." In 2016 3rd International Conference on Materials Engineering, Manufacturing Technology and Control. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmemtc-16.2016.207.

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Stakhurlova, L. D., and I. D. Svistova. "Reaction of micromycetes of leached chernozem on the application of different forms of nitrogen fertilizers." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.34.

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Application of nitrogen fertilizers did not significantly affect the number of micromycetes. The restructuring of the species structure of the mycobiome did not exceed the adaptive zone of “stress” – a change in the frequency of occurrence of typical species. Typical types of leached chernozem micromycetes include deuteromycetes of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Humicola, Fusarium, zygomycetes (genus Rhizopus), ascomycetes (genera Thalaromyces, Chaetomium). On average, the density of dominant species of micromycetes increased by 20 %, which indicates the development of the “dominance concentration” of typical species and a decrease in the share of rare and random species of fungi in the mycocomplex. In the experiment variants, the density of Penicillium daleae, P. funiculosum, Fusarium solani, and Aspergillus ustus species increased compared to control. These types of micromycetes are toxigenic and synthesize broad-spectrum mycotoxins (fungicidal, antibiotic, and phytotoxic). As a result, the phytotoxic activity of the soil increased to 7 and 20 % (native soil) and to 19-34 % (initiated microbial community). More pronounced changes were observed in the variant with ammonium sulfate. Thus, nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N90 cause a “stress” reaction of the mycobiome, an increase in the share of toxigenic species and phytotoxic activity of leached chernozem. With long-term systematic use of nitrogen fertilizers, even in medium doses, it is possible to reduce the potential fertility of chernozems.
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Chebotarev, N. T., and O. V. Brovarova. "THE EFFECT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND LIME ON FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL OF THE KOMI REPUBLIC." In TOPICAL ISSUES OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT. Komi Republican Academy of Public Service and Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/93206-022-30.

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Stevovic, Vladeta, Dalibor Tomic, Dragan Đurovic, and Milomirka Madic. "UNAPREĐENJE PROIZVODNJE STOČNE HRANE NA PRIRODNIM TRAVNJACIMA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.119s.

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Yield and quality of forage mainly depend on the floristic composition, ie the share of higher quality grasses and legumes, soil fertility, amount and distribution of precipitation and light. Natural meadows and pastures are the most important resource in the forage production in the hilly and mountainous area of Republic of Serbia. Despite the large areas, the forage production on natural grasslands is relatively low. Limited application of a small number of agrotechnical measures is the main reason for low and unstable yields and poor forage quality. Only by appropriate fertilization of meadows and pastures with mineral and organic fertilizers, their rational exploitation, it is possible to achieve an increase in hay yield by several times and improvement in forage quality, simultaneously.
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Cherepukhina, I. V., M. V. Kolesnikova, N. V. Bezler, A. I. Gromovik, N. S. Gorbunova, and Yu Yu Khatuntseva. "Application of micromycete (Humicola fuscoatra) to accelerate the decomposition of grain crops straw." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.24.

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One of the ways to maintain soil fertility is to use organic fertilizers. One of them can be straw of cereal crops (winter wheat and barley). However, the process of its decomposition can be delayed for several years. It is possible to accelerate the transformation process by using the native strain of cellulosolytic micromycete (Humicola fuscoatra VNIISS 016). Its introduction together with straw before plowing stabilizes agrophytocenosis. The experiments were carried out in laboratory under simulated conditions close to field ones. Scheme of the experiment: 1. Straw; 2. Straw + N (40 mg/4 g, which corresponds to 40 kg/ha); 3. Straw + N + H. fuscoatra + PC (nutritional supplement – molasses) (Kolesnikova M.V., 2014). As a result of the studies, it was established that winter wheat straw without additional components lost 0.86 g in weight (from the initial 4 g), 1.03 g when adding nitrogen fertilizer to the straw, and 1.49 g when using H. fuscoatra. We found that the addition of nitrogen to the straw stimulate the process of its transformation. Straw with nitrogen decompose faster than straw without any additives (by 41.5%). However, the addition of the native strain of micromycete accelerate the process by 48.3%. Barley straw lost 0.82 g in weight, straw with nitrogen fertilizer lost 1.06 g, straw and H. fuscoatra – 1.13 g. Further, the decomposition rate increased in the following row: straw → straw + N, where the speed was 26.7% higher → straw + N + H. fuscoatra, the decomposition rate is – 85.3% higher.
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