Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil physical and chemical properties

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Soil physical and chemical properties'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

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Watkar, Amita M. "Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra." Journal of Advanced Research in Alternative Energy, Environment and Ecology 07, no. 02 (June 19, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.3093.202006.

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Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.
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Abedi-Koupai, J., B. Mostafazadeh-Fard, M. Afyuni, and M. R. Bagheri. "Effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties in an arid region." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No. 8 (November 17, 2011): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3450-pse.

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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties. Field experiment was conducted in Borkhar region in Isfahan province in central Iran with two water treatments of wastewater and groundwater under sprinkler and surface irrigation systems for three crops of sugar beet, corn and sunflower. Soil samples were collected to 120 cm depth to determine concentration of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Irrigation systems had no significant effect on extractable heavy metals in soil. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni and Co in the soil increased significantly in the wastewater treatment as compared to the groundwater treatment. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn decreases with the soil depth. Treated wastewater showed no effect on the increase of Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn during growing season. The irrigation system had a significant effect on infiltration rate, bulk density and total porosity. Under sprinkler irrigation system the infiltration rate increased significantly
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Disale, A. S., D. P. Chavan, A. S. Alameen, and P. B. Undre. "Soil Characterization Using Physical and Chemical Properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1644 (October 2020): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1644/1/012026.

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Phan, Trong Huan, Thi Hai Thanh Nguyen, Thi Lan Nguyen, Vasiliy F. Kovyazin, and Sofya S. Zvonareva. "Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (October 15, 2021): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-9-21.

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Recently the area of mangrove (evergreen) forests growing along the coast of Vietnam has been significantly increased by artificial afforestation under the recognition of their ecological role and economic importance. Protection mangrove forests are the largest among all mangrove forests in Vietnam. They act as a belt to prevent coastal roads from erosion and damage due to tides, storms, and tsunamis. However, their role in coastal soil formation is still poorly studied. Soil formation in mangrove forests is influenced by many factors including the following: woody vegetation, tidal saltwater, precipitation, and mountain runoff. The ability of soil to retain water, nutrients, ions, and some other physical and chemical properties is closely related to the soil texture. Long-term monitoring of the soil texture and the content of nutrients in the soil of mangrove forests in the Dam Bay area of the Nha Trang Bay allowed us to distinguish 2 groups of soil phases: typical laterite soil in natural mangrove forests and in rhizophore plantings of 2004 and poorly developed laterite soil in cultural cenoses of 2007 and 2013 and in the littoral zone. These two groups have differences in the soil texture depending on the time of stand formation. The total amount of gravel, aleurite, and silt in the first group of soils is higher than that in the second group. The concentrations of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen content) in the soil of mangrove forests is quite high, though it gradually decreases from the soil of natural mangrove forests to the littoral zone. In order to effectively prevent erosion of soils and improve their physical and chemical properties, artificial mangrove forests should continuously be grown along the coast lines of the Nha Trang Bay in the Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. For citation: Phan T.H., Kovyazin V.F., Zvonareva S.S., Nguyen T.H.T., Nguyen T.L. Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 9–21. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-9-21
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Quesada, C. A., J. Lloyd, M. Schwarz, S. Patiño, T. R. Baker, C. Czimczik, N. M. Fyllas, et al. "Chemical and physical properties of Amazon forest soils in relation to their genesis." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 2 (April 8, 2009): 3923–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-3923-2009.

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Abstract. Soil samples were collected in six South American countries in a total of 71 different 1 ha forest plots across the Amazon Basin as part of the RAINFOR project. They were analysed for total and exchangeable cations, C, N, pH with various P fractions also determined. Physical properties were also examined and an index of soil physical quality proposed. A diverse range of soils was found. For the western areas near the Andean cordillera and the southern and northern fringes, soils tend to be distributed among the lower pedogenetic levels, while the central and eastern areas of Amazonia have more intensely weathered soils. This gives rise to a large variation of soil chemical and physical properties across the Basin, with soil properties varying predictably along a gradient of pedogenic development. Nutrient pools generally increased slightly in concentration from the youngest to the intermediate aged soils after which a gradual decline was observed with the lowest values found in the most weathered soils. Soil physical properties were strongly correlated with soil fertility, with favourable physical properties occurring in highly weathered and nutrient depleted soils and with the least weathered, more fertile soils having higher incidence of limiting physical properties. Soil phosphorus concentrations varied markedly in accordance with weathering extent and appear to exert an important influence on the nitrogen cycle of Amazon forest soils.
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Zebarth, B. J., G. H. Neilsen, E. Hogue, and D. Neilsen. "Influence of organic waste amendments on selected soil physical and chemical properties." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-074.

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Sandy, infertile soils can benefit from the addition of organic waste amendments. Annual applications of organic wastes for as long as 4 yr increased soil organic matter content, decreased soil bulk density, and increased soil water retention of a coarse-textured soil. However, soil water-holding capacity was not necessarily increased, and there was a limited effect on soil cation exchange capacity. Key words: Cation exchange capacity, water retention, soil pH, soil organic matter, soil bulk density
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Putri, Elsa Lolita, G. Gusmini, A. Adrinal, and Y. Yaherwandi. "TRANSFORMASI KARAKTERISTIK TANAH SAWAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG SUMATERA BARAT." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.21.

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The process of physical and chemical properties of the former gold mining soil which is caused by the transformation of different land conditions in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields, and mine fields. This study aims to determine the differences in the characteristics of the former gold mining soil in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields and mining fields in Sijunjung Regency. There were three sampling locations with three sample points each and the samples were analyzed physically and chemically. Results of this study showed that natural paddy soil has optimal conditions for the growth of rice plants followed by reclaimed lowland soil and the worst was in mining paddy soil based on soil physical and chemical properties. The difference in soil physical properties in the form of natural paddy soil texture was smoother compared to land conditions in reclaimed rice fields and mining rice fields. This was due to intensive inundation processes, which created a plough tread layer, low volume weight accompanied by a moderate total pore space. The difference in chemical properties was in the stable pH of natural paddy soil due to inundation and high organic carbon accompanied by rice reclamation and very low organic carbon in mining soils, which would affect the growth of rice plant.
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Aprilia, Rennanti Lunnadiyah, and Sukur Sukur. "KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA, DAN BIOLOGI PADA TANAH BERPASIR DI BEBERAPA WILAYAH INDONESIA." AGRONU: JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI 1, no. 02 (July 31, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53863/agronu.v1i02.475.

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The growth, development and yield of plant production are influenced by soil properties, both physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The physical properties of the soil include texture, structure, consistency, soil moisture (the ability of the soil to hold water) and soil permeability. Soil chemical properties include soil pH, cation exchange capacity and nutrient content. Nutrient content, consisting of mineral and organic content including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other materials. Biological properties of soil are microorganisms that decompose organic matter that live in the soil. To get optimal yields on sandy soil, a solution is needed to solve the problem of physical, chemical and biological properties of sandy soil. This study uses secondary data aimed at knowing the physical, chemical and biological conditions that exist in several coastal areas in Indonesia. The results obtained treatment recommendations to improve the physical, chemical and biological conditions of sandy soil so as to produce optimal plant production. Based on the data obtained, to improve the condition of the sandy soil, several soil amendments can be used, including using compost, manure, biochar, and nitrogen fixing. The results showed that the addition of soil amendments improved soil quality, especially on the physical properties of the soil where in sandy soil the most important thing was the ability of the soil to hold water and maintain available nutrients in the soil. The most important soil chemical properties are the availability of nutrients in the soil. The responses obtained vary, especially in sandy soils and depend on the commodity of the plant. Keywords: biological, physical, chemical, sandy soil, soil
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Ntalo, Malizo, Khuliso Emmanuel Ravhuhali, Bethwell Moyo, Ntuwiseni Emile Mmbi, and Kwena Hilda Mokoboki. "Physical and chemical properties of the soils in selected communal properties associations of South Africa." PeerJ 10 (October 19, 2022): e13960. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13960.

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Communal Property Associations (CPAs) rangeland users need more knowledge on the state of their respective grazing lands and also the interaction of soil properties with grazing management implemented. This study aimed to investigate the effect grazing has on the physical and chemical properties of four different soil types found in selected CPAs of the Bela-Bela municipality, they are as follows: Mawela (Hutton-clay loam: HCL), Bela-Bela (Hutton-clay: HC), Moretele (Hutton-loamy sand: HLS) and Ramorula (Ecca sand-clay loam: ESCL).The macro and micro minerals, pH, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, organic carbon, soil particle size distribution, acidity and resistance were all measured. All data were subjected to two-way factorial analysis of variance (SAS, 2010). The topsoil was sampled at a depth of 300 mm at an interval of 100 m (100 and 200 m) from the same transect used for woody species data collection resulting in a total of 18 samples per CPA. In each CPA, three camps were selected. In each camp, three transects 200 m apart at the length of 200 m were set. In each transect, soils were drawn at 0, 100 and 200 m making a total of nine soil samples per each camp. The highest (P < 0.05) pH (7.14) recorded on the sub-soil was in HLS. Nitrate nitrogen (2.4 mg/kg) concentration on the topsoil was high (P < 0.05) in HC soil type. Soil organic carbon for both topsoil (0.66%) and subsoil (0.41%) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in HLS soil type and ESCL soil type respectively. Phosphorus concentration was significantly high (P < 0.05) in ESCL soil type for both topsoil (12.86 mg/kg) and sub-soil (1.59 mg/kg). Iron concentration was high in both topsoil (11.8 mg/kg) and sub-soil (7.3 mg/kg) in ESCL soil type. Sub-soil manganese concentration was found to be higher (P < 0.05) in ESCL soil type (7.58 mg/kg). Soil resistance (2880 Ω ) measured in topsoil was high (P < 0.05) in HCL soil type compared to other soil types. Moreover, for the sub-soil the highest (P < 0.05) resistance (least salts) (3640 Ω) was recorded in ESCL soil type. For most of the soil types, the mineral concentration was higher in topsoil than in sub-soil, this trend explains that the uptake of these minerals by plants took place due to the inconsistencies of grazing management employed in these selected CPA farms. It is of colossal significance to properly manage rangelands, to allow a fair-to-good herbaceous layer in the presence of minerals in the soils and farmer should prioritize having enclosures and keeping N-fixing tree species in the rangelands to achieve the above mentioned conditions.
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Quesada, C. A., J. Lloyd, M. Schwarz, S. Patiño, T. R. Baker, C. Czimczik, N. M. Fyllas, et al. "Variations in chemical and physical properties of Amazon forest soils in relation to their genesis." Biogeosciences 7, no. 5 (May 17, 2010): 1515–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1515-2010.

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Abstract. Soil samples were collected in six South American countries in a total of 71 different 1 ha forest plots across the Amazon Basin as part of the RAINFOR project. They were analysed for total and exchangeable cations, C, N, pH with various P fractions also determined. Physical properties were also examined and an index of soil physical quality proposed. A diverse range of soils was found. For the western areas near the Andean cordillera and the southern and northern fringes, soils tend to be distributed among the lower pedogenetic levels, while the central and eastern areas of Amazonia have more intensely weathered soils. This gives rise to a large variation of soil chemical and physical properties across the Basin, with soil properties varying predictably along a gradient of pedogenic development. Nutrient pools generally increased slightly in concentration from the youngest to the intermediate aged soils after which a gradual decline was observed with the lowest values found in the most weathered soils. Soil physical properties were strongly correlated with soil fertility, with favourable physical properties occurring in highly weathered and nutrient depleted soils and with the least weathered, more fertile soils having higher incidence of limiting physical properties. Soil phosphorus concentrations varied markedly in accordance with weathering extent and appear to exert an important influence on the nitrogen cycle of Amazon forest soils.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

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Alrajehy, Abdulrahman Mohammed. "Relationships between reflectance and soil physical and chemical properties." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-10012002-122014.

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Hara, Yuto 1959. "Physical and chemical soil properties affecting the growth habits of agave species." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278200.

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Nine physically and chemically different soil samples from five study sites in which agaves grew, or were grown, were investigated to evaluate the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the growth habits of agaves. In five Arizona study sites, biomass data of seven agave species has been recorded for the past ten years. Agaves were grown experimentally in the greenhouse using two widely different soil types from the five sites to evaluate growth under controlled conditions. Influence of edaphic factors on agave growth for the study sites and greenhouse experiment was evaluated. The results show that the determinant primary factors were water availability and temperature. Soil texture, soil pH, soil CO2 concentration, nitrogen, and soluble salt concentration were placed as influential secondary factors for the growth of agave. The degree of influence of these soil factors depends highly upon the genetic characteristics of agave species.
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Maribeng, Lebea. "The influence of parent material (granite and schist) on physical and chemical properties of soils on the Syferkuil Experimental Farm." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/606.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Soil Science)) --University of Limpopo (Turfloop campus), 2007
The influence of parent material on physical and chemical properties of soil was studied on granite and schist derived soils on the Syferkuil Experimental Farm, situated in the Mankweng area of the Limpopo Province of South Africa. A total of 49 samples of virgin soils were collected, where granite soils constituted 26 samples and schist soils 23. The study design that was used is cross-sectional. The samples were analysed for physical and chemical properties. The physical properties of granite and schist soils were determined as percentages coarse sand, percentages medium sand, percentages fine sand, percentages very fine sand, percentages silt and percentages clay, whilst the chemical properties were determined as concentrations (cmol (+) kg-1) of Na, Mg, Ca, K ,ESP, CEC and P (mg kg-1), as well as pH. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by application of the Unpaired Student’s T Test, with the level of significance at p<0.05. The results showed that soils derived from granite had significantly higher coarse and medium sand fractions than schist soils; whereas schist soils were significantly higher in fine sand, very fine sand, silt and clay. The concentrations of Na, Ca, ESP and P, as well as CEC and pH in schist derived soils were higher than in granite derived soils although the differences were insignificant. However, significant differences occurred in K and Mg concentrations where schist derived soils had higher concentrations than granite derived soils. However, the concentrations of nutrient elements were found to be insufficient for proper production in agriculture. The sodium concentration was found to be low enough to not lead to sodic soil conditions. It was concluded that both granite and schist soils can be used for agriculture but require careful management because both soils indicated poor nutritional status.
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Magomani, Matimba Israel. "The effect of fire management on chemical and physical properties of rangelands." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6191.

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The use of fire in rangeland has become standard practice for decades; however, there is no shared understanding of how fire affects soil properties. The exact relationship between fire and soil properties is still yet to be understood. The differences in fire frequency, fire intensity, fire severity, the period between fire and sampling resulted in contradictory results amongst studies. A long-term trial at the University of Fort Hare provides a valuable experimental layout for fire research. The trial was established in 1980 with the aim of investigating the effect of burning frequency on vegetation species composition and biomass production. The objective of this study was however to determine the effect of fire management on soil chemical and physical properties under the long-term burning experiment. The treatments of the study site were: no burn (K), annual (B1), biennial (B2), triennial (B3), quadrennial (B4) and sexennial (B6) burns. A line intercept sampling technique was used to collect the soil samples from the surface (0 to 75 mm) for both chemical and physical analysis. All Burning treatments significantly (p < 0.05) increased the bulk density (Db), soil pH, total cations, Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca), but reduced the soil porosity and exchangeable acidity when compared to the control. Hydraulic conductivity (Ks), water conducting macroporosity (WCM) and total nitrogen were reduced under more frequent burning treatments (B1, B2), as compared to less frequent burning treatments (B3, B4, B6). The aggregate stability showed an opposite trend. Total organic carbon (TOC) was reduced only under annual burning treatment. Burning frequencies did not impact the extractable Phosphorus (p), Potassium (K), Sodium, soil water repellency and water content significantly (P > 0.05). The risk associated with annual burning showed in this study might facilitate processes such as overflow that lead to soil degradation. Triennial burning in rangeland ecosystem supports soil conservation practices. Further studies that measure the quality of rangeland in triennial burning is necessary.
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Jonsson, Sofia. "The influence of soil and contaminant properties on the efficiency of physical and chemical soil remediation methods." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21040.

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A vast number of sites that have been contaminated by industrial activities have been identified worldwide. Many such sites now pose serious risks to humans and the environment. Given the large number of contaminated sites there is a great need for efficient, cost-effective  remediation methods. Extensive research has therefore been focused on the development of such methods. However, the remediation of old industrial sites is challenging, for several reasons. One major  problem is that organic contaminants become increasingly strongly sequestered as they persist in the soil matrix for a long period of time. This process is often referred to as ‘aging’, and leads to decreasing availability of the contaminants, which also affects the remediation efficiency. In the work underlying this thesis, the influence of soil and contaminant properties on the efficiency of various physical and chemical soil remediation methods was investigated. The investigated contaminants were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Briefly, the results show that as the size of soil particles decreases the contaminants become more strongly sorbed to the soil’s matrix, probably due to the accompanying increases in specific surface area. This affected the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants by both a process based on solvent washing and processes based on chemical oxidation. The sorption strength is also affected by the hydrophobicity of the contaminants. However, for a number of the investigated PAHs their chemical reactivity was found to be of greater importance for the degradation efficiency. Further, the organic content of a soil is often regarded as the most important soil parameter for adsorption of hydrophobic compounds. In these studies the effect of this parameter was found to be particularly pronounced for the oxidation of low molecular weight PAHs, but larger PAHs were strongly adsorbed even at low levels of organic matter. However, for these PAHs the degradation efficiency was positively correlated to the amount of degraded organic matter, probably due to the organic matter being oxidized to smaller and less hydrophobic forms. The amount of organic matter in the soil had little effect on the removal efficiency obtained by the solvent-washing process. However, it had strong influence on the performance of a subsequent, granular activated carbon-based post-treatment of the washing liquid. In conclusion, the results in this thesis show that remediation of contaminated soils is a complex process, the efficiency of which will be affected by the soil matrix as well as the properties of the contaminants present at the site. However, by acquiring thorough knowledge of the parameters affecting the treatability of a soil it is possible to select appropriate remediation methods, and optimize them in terms of both remediation efficiency and costs for site- and contaminant-specific applications.
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Rockhill, Tyler K., and Tyler K. Rockhill. "Influence of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Soil Co2 Flux in Semi-Arid Green Stormwater Infrastructure." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626391.

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Rapid population growth and urbanization in semi-arid and arid regions has led to alterations in the water, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) cycles (Gallo et al. 2014), prompting demands for mitigation strategies. Green Infrastructure (GI) is one of the methods used in urban storm water mitigation that delays and attenuates stormwater runoff by storing water in vegetated depressions. In the Southwest these depressions, also called bioswales, have the potential to act as biogeochemical hot spots, encouraging nutrient cycling, infiltration, plant growth, and microbial activity (McClain et al. 2003). An influx of water to GI initiates a combination of physical and microbial processes that result in increased CO2 efflux and N mineralization known as the Birch Effect (Birch, 1958). This study examines GI in Tucson, AZ through inducing an artificial precipitation regime and determining how soil properties, GI design, and biogeochemical characteristics influence the response. In natural systems it has been shown that soil moisture, soil properties, organic matter, length of dry period, nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen, and microbial biomass influence soil respiration and nitrogen mineralization (Borken and Matzner 2009). The purpose of this study is to determine the role that the Birch Effect plays in urban stormwater GI. Additionally we seek to determine how soil and nutrient properties and precipitation regime affect the amplitude of the response. It was found that soils from GI features tend to have higher concentrations of organic matter, total carbon, and total nitrogen, as well as higher water holding capacity and lower bulk density. It was also shown that soils originating from GI features tend to illicit a greater CO2 flux upon rewetting than soils from adjacent areas. The linear relationships found between % clay, pH, bulk density, WHC, SOM, TC, and TN suggest that the reason for the greater response to wetting is due to the altered physiochemical composition. The results of this study can be utilized to increase microbial activity and remediation in urban GI features. This fits into the larger goal of GI to help mitigate many of the issues associated with Urban Stream Syndrome (USS) such as flashier hydrography response, increased nutrient and contaminant concentrations, increased erosion, altered channel morphology and reduced biodiversity (Meyers et al. 2005).
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Eldiabani, Gibrel S. "Forest fires and their effect on chemical and physical properties of soils in North-eastern-Libya. Assessment of the changes in soil chemical and physical properties of soils in North-eastern-Libya." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5402.

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Forest areas are particularly susceptible to fires, which are often manmade. Too-frequent fires are likely to adversely affect the soil properties as well as vegetation composition, and possibly lead to soil erosion and desertification. One of the most fire affected forest regions in the world is the Mediterranean. Libya, in the Mediterranean region, has soils that are considered to be arid except in a small area called Aljabal Alakhdar (Green mountain), which is the geographic area covered by this study. It is the wettest part of Libya, and has an extensive forest and many agricultural crops. Like other forests in the Mediterranean it has suffered extreme degradation. This is mainly due to people removing fire wood, or sometimes converting forested areas to agricultural use, as well as fires which may alter several soil chemical and physical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of fires on the physical and chemical properties of soil of Aljabal Alakhdar forest in the north-east of Libya. The physical and chemical properties of soil following fire in two geographic areas have been determined, with those subjected to the fire compared to those in adjacent unburned areas in one coastal and one mountain site. Physical properties studied were: soil particle size, soil water content, soil porosity and soil particle density; and chemical properties studied were: soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil pH, soluble and exchangeable Na, K, Ca and Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soluble Cl, CO3 and HCO3, SO4, organic matter, total N and total P. For the first time in Libyan soils, the effect of burning on the magnetic susceptibility properties of soils was also tested. The results showed that except for the soil water content and magnetic susceptibility, fire has not had a clear effect on the soils¿ physical properties, while there has been a strong impact of fire on most of the studied chemical properties. These results have been used to create an index of burning for such soils in each of the geographic areas, as a step towards creating a model which will enable a subset of soil parameters to be used to estimate how recently a site was burned, as well as defining fire severity at a site.
Libyan Government
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Eldiabani, Gibrel Salah. "Forest fires and their effect on chemical and physical properties of soils in North-eastern-Libya : assessment of the changes in soil chemical and physical properties of soils in North-eastern-Libya." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5402.

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Forest areas are particularly susceptible to fires, which are often manmade. Too-frequent fires are likely to adversely affect the soil properties as well as vegetation composition, and possibly lead to soil erosion and desertification. One of the most fire affected forest regions in the world is the Mediterranean. Libya, in the Mediterranean region, has soils that are considered to be arid except in a small area called Aljabal Alakhdar (Green mountain), which is the geographic area covered by this study. It is the wettest part of Libya, and has an extensive forest and many agricultural crops. Like other forests in the Mediterranean it has suffered extreme degradation. This is mainly due to people removing fire wood, or sometimes converting forested areas to agricultural use, as well as fires which may alter several soil chemical and physical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of fires on the physical and chemical properties of soil of Aljabal Alakhdar forest in the north-east of Libya. The physical and chemical properties of soil following fire in two geographic areas have been determined, with those subjected to the fire compared to those in adjacent unburned areas in one coastal and one mountain site. Physical properties studied were: soil particle size, soil water content, soil porosity and soil particle density; and chemical properties studied were: soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil pH, soluble and exchangeable Na, K, Ca and Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soluble Cl, CO3 and HCO3, SO4, organic matter, total N and total P. For the first time in Libyan soils, the effect of burning on the magnetic susceptibility properties of soils was also tested. The results showed that except for the soil water content and magnetic susceptibility, fire has not had a clear effect on the soils' physical properties, while there has been a strong impact of fire on most of the studied chemical properties. These results have been used to create an index of burning for such soils in each of the geographic areas, as a step towards creating a model which will enable a subset of soil parameters to be used to estimate how recently a site was burned, as well as defining fire severity at a site.
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Kurek, Danielle K. "Effects of prescribed burning on soil physical, biological, and chemical properties of the Oak Openings region of Northwest Ohio." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1271430752.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2010.
Typescript. "Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters of Science Degree in Biology." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 58-63.
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Fajardo, Gabriela Isabel. "Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Ten Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) Mitigation Wetlands." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31304.

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In 1998, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) adopted standards for soil handling and amendments to improve created non-tidal wetland soil conditions. This study was conducted in sites where these new reconstruction practices were supposedly being implemented. Specific objectives were (i) to determine the relative effects of soil reconstruction practices on mitigation site soils, (ii) to assess the degree to which hydric soil indicators were present, and (iii) to evaluate the relative edaphic potential of mitigation site soils. Soil physical, chemical and morphological properties were analyzed in ten mitigation wetlands located in Virginiaâ s Piedmont and Coastal Plain. Surface soil pH was high due to liming, although some sites demonstrated low subsoil pH, indicating the presence of sulfidic materials. Nutrient levels varied, while C:N ratios were low (<25:1), suggesting a high quality organic matter complex. Organic amendments were generally applied at a rate of 4% soil organic matter content. Actual measured carbon content was <2.6% (<50 Mg ha-1). Sites not receiving organic materials and associated tillage had root-limiting bulk densities at the surface, while the majority of sites had root-limiting subsoil (30 cm) bulk densities due to weakly developed soil structure and a lack of deep ripping practices. Many sites also contained high sand content (>50%), which may negatively affect other soil properties. Nine sites had confirmed Hydric Soil Indicators, with their occurrence in a site as high as 70%. Soil reconstruction methods need to incorporate higher organic amendment rates and/or routine disking/ripping practices to improve mitigation wetland soil conditions.
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Books on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

1

Rourke, R. V. Chemical and physical properties of the Danforth, Elliottsville, Peacham and Penquis soil map units. Orono, Me: Department of applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Maine, 1997.

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Rourke, R. V. Chemical and physical properties of the Mapleton, Monson, Saddleback, and Sisk soil map units. Orono, Me: Department of applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Maine, 1998.

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Rourke, R. V. Chemical and physical properties of the Mapleton, Monson, Saddleback, and Sisk soil map units. Orono, Me: Dept. of Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Maine, 1998.

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Andrén, Olof. Spatial variation of soil physical and chemical properties in an arable field with high clay content. Uppsala: Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för ekologi och miljövård, 1990.

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Rourke, R. V. Chemical and physical properties of the Aurelie, Burnham, Easton, Lille, Linneus, Monadnock, Nicholville, and Tunbridge soil map units. Orono, Me: Dept. of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Maine, 1990.

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1953-, Naeth Mary Anne, and Alberta. Reclamation Research Technical Advisory Committee, eds. Soil physical properties in reclamation. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Land Conservation and Reclamation Council, Reclamation Research Technical Advisory Committee, 1991.

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Naeth, M. A. Soil physical properties in reclamation. S.l: s.n, 1991.

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I, Colbeck, ed. Physical and chemical properties of aerosols. London: Blackie Academic & Professional, 1998.

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Poling, Bruce E. Physical and chemical data. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.

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Fischer, G., ed. Physical and Chemical Properties of the Air. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b31154.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

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Sung, Christopher Teh Boon, Che Fauziah Ishak, Rosazlin Abdullah, Radziah Othman, Qurban Ali Panhwar, and Md Maniruzzaman A. Aziz. "Soil Properties (Physical, Chemical, Biological, Mechanical)." In Soils of Malaysia, 103–54. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21934-5.

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Sung, Christopher, Che Ishak, Rosazlin Abdullah, Radziah Othman, Qurban Panhwar, and Md Aziz. "Soil Properties (Physical, Chemical, Biological, Mechanical)." In Soils of Malaysia, 103–54. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315277189-6.

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Delgado, Antonio, and José A. Gómez. "The Soil. Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties." In Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture, 15–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8_2.

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Sarkar, Binoy, Hasintha Wijesekara, Sanchita Mandal, Mandeep Singh, and Nanthi S. Bolan. "Characterization and Improvement in Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Mine Wastes." In Spoil to Soil, 3–15. Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351247337-3.

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Singh, Prakriti, and Gayatri Dhumal. "Effect of Pollution on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil." In Microorganisms for Sustainability, 75–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9117-0_4.

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Boyd, Claude E. "Physical, Chemical, and Mineralogical Properties of Soils." In Bottom Soils, Sediment, and Pond Aquaculture, 10–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1785-6_2.

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Kirchmann, Holger, and Jan Eriksson. "Trace Elements in Crops: Effects of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties." In Encyclopedia of Agrophysics, 910–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3585-1_175.

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Dias, Didier, Bruno Martins, João Pires, Luís M. de Sousa, Jacinto Estima, and Carlos V. Damásio. "Soil Classification Based on Physical and Chemical Properties Using Random Forests." In Progress in Artificial Intelligence, 212–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30241-2_19.

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Hamid, M. Wagdi Abdel, A. A. Shiha, E. E. Kaoud, and S. M. Metwally. "Effect of soil management on some physical and chemical properties of salt-affected soil." In Towards the rational use of high salinity tolerant plants, 399–405. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1860-6_46.

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Arun, Sija, Moitraiyee Mukhopadhyay, and Paromita Chakraborty. "A Review on Antibiotics Consumption, Physico-Chemical Properties and Their Sources in Asian Soil." In Soil Biology, 39–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66260-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

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Lund, Erik, and Chase Maxton. "Simultaneous Proximal Sensing of Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.4721886.

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Woo Jung La, Kenneth A Sudduth, Sun Ok Chung, and Hak-Jin Kim. "Spectral Reflectance Estimates of Surface Soil Physical and Chemical Properties." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24696.

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Zhao, Hui, Jing Liu, Qi Dou, and Jianyu Su. "Effects of Nostoc flagelliforme on Soil Physical-Chemical Properties and Microbial Community." In 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (iCBEB). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbeb.2012.187.

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Kazemi, Zahra, Ahmad Jalalian, Nasser Honarjo, Ali Rezainejad, and Shamsalah Ayoubi. "The effect of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation on the soil physical properties." In 2010 International Conference on Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (ICCCE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccceng.2010.5560426.

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Chitimus, Alexandra-Dana, Narcis Barsan, Emilian Mosnegutu, Alina Corobana, Valentin Nedeff, Oana-Maria Muscalu, and Elena Partal. "Influence of Soil Fertilization Systems and Crop Rotation on Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soil." In 2020 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeae49144.2020.9278974.

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Tonkha, O., O. Menshov, O. Bykova, O. Pikovska, and I. Fedosiy. "Magnetic methods application for the physical and chemical properties assessment of Ukraine soil." In XIV International Scientific Conference “Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment”. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202056027.

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Nanwal, Jyoti, and Preeti Sethi. "Identifying Best Suited Soil Based on its Physical and Chemical Properties Using Machine Learning." In 2021 Fourth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Technologies (CCICT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccict53244.2021.00018.

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Vanessa Ribeiro Urbano, Thaís Grandizoli Mendonça, Maria Leonor R. C. L Assad, Reinaldo Gaspar Bastos, and Claudinei Fonseca Souza. "Influence of wastewater on the Physical-chemicals Properties of Soil." In 2012 Dallas, Texas, July 29 - August 1, 2012. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41929.

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Anggraini, W., Ainun Habibah, E. Octafiona, E. Yusnita, Endah Pratiwi, and Agus Hidayat. "A physical-chemical properties analysis of ultisol soil on the growth of lemongrass (Cymbopogon sp.)." In IWOSP 2021, INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON STATISTICAL PHYSICS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0124302.

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"Estimation of soil profile physical and chemical properties using a VIS-NIR-EC-force probe." In 2015 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20152189140.

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Reports on the topic "Soil physical and chemical properties"

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Zhang, Renduo, and David Russo. Scale-dependency and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7587220.bard.

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Water resources assessment and protection requires quantitative descriptions of field-scale water flow and contaminant transport through the subsurface, which, in turn, require reliable information about soil hydraulic properties. However, much is still unknown concerning hydraulic properties and flow behavior in heterogeneous soils. Especially, relationships of hydraulic properties changing with measured scales are poorly understood. Soil hydraulic properties are usually measured at a small scale and used for quantifying flow and transport in large scales, which causes misleading results. Therefore, determination of scale-dependent and spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties provides the essential information for quantifying water flow and chemical transport through the subsurface, which are the key processes for detection of potential agricultural/industrial contaminants, reduction of agricultural chemical movement, improvement of soil and water quality, and increase of agricultural productivity. The original research objectives of this project were: 1. to measure soil hydraulic properties at different locations and different scales at large fields; 2. to develop scale-dependent relationships of soil hydraulic properties; and 3. to determine spatial variability and heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties as a function of measurement scales. The US investigators conducted field and lab experiments to measure soil hydraulic properties at different locations and different scales. Based on the field and lab experiments, a well-structured database of soil physical and hydraulic properties was developed. The database was used to study scale-dependency, spatial variability, and heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties. An improved method was developed for calculating hydraulic properties based on infiltration data from the disc infiltrometer. Compared with the other methods, the proposed method provided more accurate and stable estimations of the hydraulic conductivity and macroscopic capillary length, using infiltration data collected atshort experiment periods. We also developed scale-dependent relationships of soil hydraulic properties using the fractal and geostatistical characterization. The research effort of the Israeli research team concentrates on tasks along the second objective. The main accomplishment of this effort is that we succeed to derive first-order, upscaled (block effective) conductivity tensor, K'ᵢⱼ, and time-dependent dispersion tensor, D'ᵢⱼ, i,j=1,2,3, for steady-state flow in three-dimensional, partially saturated, heterogeneous formations, for length-scales comparable with those of the formation heterogeneity. Numerical simulations designed to test the applicability of the upscaling methodology to more general situations involving complex, transient flow regimes originating from periodic rain/irrigation events and water uptake by plant roots suggested that even in this complicated case, the upscaling methodology essentially compensated for the loss of sub-grid-scale variations of the velocity field caused by coarse discretization of the flow domain. These results have significant implications with respect to the development of field-scale solute transport models capable of simulating complex real-world scenarios in the subsurface, and, in turn, are essential for the assessment of the threat posed by contamination from agricultural and/or industrial sources.
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Bar-Tal, Asher, Paul R. Bloom, Pinchas Fine, C. Edward Clapp, Aviva Hadas, Rodney T. Venterea, Dan Zohar, Dong Chen, and Jean-Alex Molina. Effects of soil properties and organic residues management on C sequestration and N losses. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587729.bard.

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Objectives - The overall objective of this proposal was to explore the effects of soil properties and management practices on C sequestration in soils and off-site losses of N.The specific objectives were: 1. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on C transformations that follow OW decomposition, C losses by gaseous emission, and its sequestration by organic and mineral components of the soil; 2. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on organic N mineralization and transformations in soil, its losses by leaching and gaseous emission; 3. to investigate and to quantify the effects of management practices and plants root activity and decomposition on C and N transformations; and 4. to upgrade the models NCSOIL and NCSWAP to include inorganic C and root exudation dynamics. The last objective has not been fulfilled due to difficulties in experimentally quantification of the effects of soil inorganic component on root exudation dynamics. Objective 4 was modified to explore the ability of NCSOIL to simulate organic matter decomposition and N transformations in non- and calcareous soils. Background - Rates of decomposition of organic plant residues or organic manures in soil determine the amount of carbon (C), which is mineralized and released as CO₂ versus the amount of C that is retained in soil organic matter (SOM). Decomposition rates also greatly influence the amount of nitrogen (N) which becomes available for plant uptake, is leached from the soil or lost as gaseous emission, versus that which is retained in SOM. Microbial decomposition of residues in soil is strongly influenced by soil management as well as soil chemical and physical properties and also by plant roots via the processes of mineral N uptake, respiration, exudation and decay.
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Busby, Ryan, H. Torbert, and Stephen Prior. Soil and vegetation responses to amendment with pulverized classified paper waste. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44202.

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The United States Army produces a significant amount of classified paper waste that is pulverized to a fine consistency unsuitable for recycling. However, cheap, high quality organic materials such as classified paper waste are useful as soil amendments. The objective of this research was to evaluate the utilization of pulverized classified paper waste as a soil amendment to improve soil health and increase establishment of desirable native grasses on degraded Army training lands. Paper was applied at rates of 9 to 72 Mg ha⁻¹ to two soil types at Fort Polk, LA: an alfisol (very fine sandy loam - Fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Vertic Hapludalfs) and an ultisol (loamy fine sandy - Loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Arenic Paleudults). These are common soil orders found on military training lands nationwide and represent fertile (alfisol) and unfertile (ulitsol) soils. Vegetation and soils were monitored over 2 growing seasons. No increase in heavy metals were observed in soils. Extensive analysis showed very low levels of regulated contaminants in the paper, but most were below detection limits. The ultisol site showed improved soil physical and chemical properties, while desirable vegetation benefitted from nutrient immobilization at the alfisol site. Based on the results of this study, applying pulverized paper waste to soil at a rate of 35.9 Mg ha⁻¹ is recommended. Application of paper waste to soils had no adverse environmental effects, improved soil physiochemical properties, and facilitated establishment of desirable native vegetation.
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Keren, Rami, Richard H. Loeppert, Jr., Nachman Alperovitch, and L. P. Wilding. The Effect of Magnesium on the Chemical and Physical Properties of Soils in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1989.7695599.bard.

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VanZomeren, Christine, Kevin Philley, Nia Hurst, and Jacob Berkowitz. Wildrice (Zizania palustris; Manoomin) biology, functions and values, and soil physiochemical properties affecting production : a review of available literature. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47513.

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Wildrice (Zizania palustris L.) is an annual aquatic emergent plant primarily distributed across portions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Canada. Wildrice requires narrow environmental conditions that vary throughout its life cycle. Environmental conditions required include water levels between 15 and 90 cm, slow flowing water, anaerobic soil, and circum-neutral pH. Wildrice production and abundance is most often limited by nitrogen availability. Both short- and long-term changes in local conditions impact distribution and abundance of wildrice at local and regional scales. Reported declines in wildrice production have increased interest in evaluating changing environmental conditions, specifically within the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Wildrice, or manoomin, is an important food and cultural resource, and remains important to native peoples throughout the region, including the Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians. This report provides a review of literature related to wildrice and examines potential factors affecting its production in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. This report highlights cultural and traditional values, functions and values of wildrice, and unique chemical and physical aspects of the environment where wildrice grow. Additionally, this report synthesizes the data gathered in the literature review, identifies knowledge gaps, and provides research opportunities for improved wildrice production in the Great Lakes region.
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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.

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Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.
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Gantzer, Clark J., Shmuel Assouline, and Stephen H. Anderson. Synchrotron CMT-measured soil physical properties influenced by soil compaction. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587242.bard.

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Methods to quantify soil conditions of pore connectivity, tortuosity, and pore size as altered by compaction were done. Air-dry soil cores were scanned at the GeoSoilEnviroCARS sector at the Advanced Photon Source for x-ray computed microtomography of the Argonne facility. Data was collected on the APS bending magnet Sector 13. Soil sample cores 5- by 5-mm were studied. Skeletonization algorithms in the 3DMA-Rock software of Lindquist et al. were used to extract pore structure. We have numerically investigated the spatial distribution for 6 geometrical characteristics of the pore structure of repacked Hamra soil from three-dimensional synchrotron computed microtomography (CMT) computed tomographic images. We analyzed images representing cores volumes 58.3 mm³ having average porosities of 0.44, 0.35, and 0.33. Cores were packed with < 2mm and < 0.5mm sieved soil. The core samples were imaged at 9.61-mm resolution. Spatial distributions for pore path length and coordination number, pore throat size and nodal pore volume obtained. The spatial distributions were computed using a three-dimensional medial axis analysis of the void space in the image. We used a newly developed aggressive throat computation to find throat and pore partitioning for needed for higher porosity media such as soil. Results show that the coordination number distribution measured from the medial axis were reasonably fit by an exponential relation P(C)=10⁻C/C0. Data for the characteristic area, were also reasonably well fit by the relation P(A)=10⁻ᴬ/ᴬ0. Results indicates that compression preferentially affects the largest pores, reducing them in size. When compaction reduced porosity from 44% to 33%, the average pore volume reduced by 30%, and the average pore-throat area reduced by 26%. Compaction increased the shortest paths interface tortuosity by about 2%. Soil structure alterations induced by compaction using quantitative morphology show that the resolution is sufficient to discriminate soil cores. This study shows that analysis of CMT can provide information to assist in assessment of soil management to ameliorate soil compaction.
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Benny, H. L. Physical properties of Dowell Chemical Seal Ring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5421514.

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Wierenga, P., A. Toorman, D. Hudson, J. Vinson, M. Nash, and R. Hills. Soil physical properties at the Las Cruces trench site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5497085.

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Eklund, P. C. Microscopic physical and chemical properties of graphite intercalation compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6977572.

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