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Journal articles on the topic 'Soil physical and chemical properties'
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1
Watkar, Amita M. "Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra." Journal of Advanced Research in Alternative Energy, Environment and Ecology 07, no. 02 (June 19, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.3093.202006.
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Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.
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Abedi-Koupai, J., B. Mostafazadeh-Fard, M. Afyuni, and M. R. Bagheri. "Effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties in an arid region." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No. 8 (November 17, 2011): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3450-pse.
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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties. Field experiment was conducted in Borkhar region in Isfahan province in central Iran with two water treatments of wastewater and groundwater under sprinkler and surface irrigation systems for three crops of sugar beet, corn and sunflower. Soil samples were collected to 120 cm depth to determine concentration of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Irrigation systems had no significant effect on extractable heavy metals in soil. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni and Co in the soil increased significantly in the wastewater treatment as compared to the groundwater treatment. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn decreases with the soil depth. Treated wastewater showed no effect on the increase of Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn during growing season. The irrigation system had a significant effect on infiltration rate, bulk density and total porosity. Under sprinkler irrigation system the infiltration rate increased significantly
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Disale, A. S., D. P. Chavan, A. S. Alameen, and P. B. Undre. "Soil Characterization Using Physical and Chemical Properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1644 (October 2020): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1644/1/012026.
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Phan, Trong Huan, Thi Hai Thanh Nguyen, Thi Lan Nguyen, Vasiliy F. Kovyazin, and Sofya S. Zvonareva. "Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (October 15, 2021): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-9-21.
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Recently the area of mangrove (evergreen) forests growing along the coast of Vietnam has been significantly increased by artificial afforestation under the recognition of their ecological role and economic importance. Protection mangrove forests are the largest among all mangrove forests in Vietnam. They act as a belt to prevent coastal roads from erosion and damage due to tides, storms, and tsunamis. However, their role in coastal soil formation is still poorly studied. Soil formation in mangrove forests is influenced by many factors including the following: woody vegetation, tidal saltwater, precipitation, and mountain runoff. The ability of soil to retain water, nutrients, ions, and some other physical and chemical properties is closely related to the soil texture. Long-term monitoring of the soil texture and the content of nutrients in the soil of mangrove forests in the Dam Bay area of the Nha Trang Bay allowed us to distinguish 2 groups of soil phases: typical laterite soil in natural mangrove forests and in rhizophore plantings of 2004 and poorly developed laterite soil in cultural cenoses of 2007 and 2013 and in the littoral zone. These two groups have differences in the soil texture depending on the time of stand formation. The total amount of gravel, aleurite, and silt in the first group of soils is higher than that in the second group. The concentrations of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen content) in the soil of mangrove forests is quite high, though it gradually decreases from the soil of natural mangrove forests to the littoral zone. In order to effectively prevent erosion of soils and improve their physical and chemical properties, artificial mangrove forests should continuously be grown along the coast lines of the Nha Trang Bay in the Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. For citation: Phan T.H., Kovyazin V.F., Zvonareva S.S., Nguyen T.H.T., Nguyen T.L. Physical and Chemical Soil Properties of Mangrove Forests in Vietnam. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 9–21. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-9-21
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Quesada, C. A., J. Lloyd, M. Schwarz, S. Patiño, T. R. Baker, C. Czimczik, N. M. Fyllas, et al. "Chemical and physical properties of Amazon forest soils in relation to their genesis." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 2 (April 8, 2009): 3923–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-3923-2009.
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Abstract. Soil samples were collected in six South American countries in a total of 71 different 1 ha forest plots across the Amazon Basin as part of the RAINFOR project. They were analysed for total and exchangeable cations, C, N, pH with various P fractions also determined. Physical properties were also examined and an index of soil physical quality proposed. A diverse range of soils was found. For the western areas near the Andean cordillera and the southern and northern fringes, soils tend to be distributed among the lower pedogenetic levels, while the central and eastern areas of Amazonia have more intensely weathered soils. This gives rise to a large variation of soil chemical and physical properties across the Basin, with soil properties varying predictably along a gradient of pedogenic development. Nutrient pools generally increased slightly in concentration from the youngest to the intermediate aged soils after which a gradual decline was observed with the lowest values found in the most weathered soils. Soil physical properties were strongly correlated with soil fertility, with favourable physical properties occurring in highly weathered and nutrient depleted soils and with the least weathered, more fertile soils having higher incidence of limiting physical properties. Soil phosphorus concentrations varied markedly in accordance with weathering extent and appear to exert an important influence on the nitrogen cycle of Amazon forest soils.
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Zebarth, B. J., G. H. Neilsen, E. Hogue, and D. Neilsen. "Influence of organic waste amendments on selected soil physical and chemical properties." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-074.
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Sandy, infertile soils can benefit from the addition of organic waste amendments. Annual applications of organic wastes for as long as 4 yr increased soil organic matter content, decreased soil bulk density, and increased soil water retention of a coarse-textured soil. However, soil water-holding capacity was not necessarily increased, and there was a limited effect on soil cation exchange capacity. Key words: Cation exchange capacity, water retention, soil pH, soil organic matter, soil bulk density
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Putri, Elsa Lolita, G. Gusmini, A. Adrinal, and Y. Yaherwandi. "TRANSFORMASI KARAKTERISTIK TANAH SAWAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG SUMATERA BARAT." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.21.
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The process of physical and chemical properties of the former gold mining soil which is caused by the transformation of different land conditions in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields, and mine fields. This study aims to determine the differences in the characteristics of the former gold mining soil in natural rice fields, reclaimed rice fields and mining fields in Sijunjung Regency. There were three sampling locations with three sample points each and the samples were analyzed physically and chemically. Results of this study showed that natural paddy soil has optimal conditions for the growth of rice plants followed by reclaimed lowland soil and the worst was in mining paddy soil based on soil physical and chemical properties. The difference in soil physical properties in the form of natural paddy soil texture was smoother compared to land conditions in reclaimed rice fields and mining rice fields. This was due to intensive inundation processes, which created a plough tread layer, low volume weight accompanied by a moderate total pore space. The difference in chemical properties was in the stable pH of natural paddy soil due to inundation and high organic carbon accompanied by rice reclamation and very low organic carbon in mining soils, which would affect the growth of rice plant.
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Aprilia, Rennanti Lunnadiyah, and Sukur Sukur. "KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA, DAN BIOLOGI PADA TANAH BERPASIR DI BEBERAPA WILAYAH INDONESIA." AGRONU: JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI 1, no. 02 (July 31, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53863/agronu.v1i02.475.
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The growth, development and yield of plant production are influenced by soil properties, both physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The physical properties of the soil include texture, structure, consistency, soil moisture (the ability of the soil to hold water) and soil permeability. Soil chemical properties include soil pH, cation exchange capacity and nutrient content. Nutrient content, consisting of mineral and organic content including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other materials. Biological properties of soil are microorganisms that decompose organic matter that live in the soil. To get optimal yields on sandy soil, a solution is needed to solve the problem of physical, chemical and biological properties of sandy soil. This study uses secondary data aimed at knowing the physical, chemical and biological conditions that exist in several coastal areas in Indonesia. The results obtained treatment recommendations to improve the physical, chemical and biological conditions of sandy soil so as to produce optimal plant production. Based on the data obtained, to improve the condition of the sandy soil, several soil amendments can be used, including using compost, manure, biochar, and nitrogen fixing. The results showed that the addition of soil amendments improved soil quality, especially on the physical properties of the soil where in sandy soil the most important thing was the ability of the soil to hold water and maintain available nutrients in the soil. The most important soil chemical properties are the availability of nutrients in the soil. The responses obtained vary, especially in sandy soils and depend on the commodity of the plant. Keywords: biological, physical, chemical, sandy soil, soil
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Ntalo, Malizo, Khuliso Emmanuel Ravhuhali, Bethwell Moyo, Ntuwiseni Emile Mmbi, and Kwena Hilda Mokoboki. "Physical and chemical properties of the soils in selected communal properties associations of South Africa." PeerJ 10 (October 19, 2022): e13960. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13960.
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Communal Property Associations (CPAs) rangeland users need more knowledge on the state of their respective grazing lands and also the interaction of soil properties with grazing management implemented. This study aimed to investigate the effect grazing has on the physical and chemical properties of four different soil types found in selected CPAs of the Bela-Bela municipality, they are as follows: Mawela (Hutton-clay loam: HCL), Bela-Bela (Hutton-clay: HC), Moretele (Hutton-loamy sand: HLS) and Ramorula (Ecca sand-clay loam: ESCL).The macro and micro minerals, pH, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, organic carbon, soil particle size distribution, acidity and resistance were all measured. All data were subjected to two-way factorial analysis of variance (SAS, 2010). The topsoil was sampled at a depth of 300 mm at an interval of 100 m (100 and 200 m) from the same transect used for woody species data collection resulting in a total of 18 samples per CPA. In each CPA, three camps were selected. In each camp, three transects 200 m apart at the length of 200 m were set. In each transect, soils were drawn at 0, 100 and 200 m making a total of nine soil samples per each camp. The highest (P < 0.05) pH (7.14) recorded on the sub-soil was in HLS. Nitrate nitrogen (2.4 mg/kg) concentration on the topsoil was high (P < 0.05) in HC soil type. Soil organic carbon for both topsoil (0.66%) and subsoil (0.41%) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in HLS soil type and ESCL soil type respectively. Phosphorus concentration was significantly high (P < 0.05) in ESCL soil type for both topsoil (12.86 mg/kg) and sub-soil (1.59 mg/kg). Iron concentration was high in both topsoil (11.8 mg/kg) and sub-soil (7.3 mg/kg) in ESCL soil type. Sub-soil manganese concentration was found to be higher (P < 0.05) in ESCL soil type (7.58 mg/kg). Soil resistance (2880 Ω ) measured in topsoil was high (P < 0.05) in HCL soil type compared to other soil types. Moreover, for the sub-soil the highest (P < 0.05) resistance (least salts) (3640 Ω) was recorded in ESCL soil type. For most of the soil types, the mineral concentration was higher in topsoil than in sub-soil, this trend explains that the uptake of these minerals by plants took place due to the inconsistencies of grazing management employed in these selected CPA farms. It is of colossal significance to properly manage rangelands, to allow a fair-to-good herbaceous layer in the presence of minerals in the soils and farmer should prioritize having enclosures and keeping N-fixing tree species in the rangelands to achieve the above mentioned conditions.
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Quesada, C. A., J. Lloyd, M. Schwarz, S. Patiño, T. R. Baker, C. Czimczik, N. M. Fyllas, et al. "Variations in chemical and physical properties of Amazon forest soils in relation to their genesis." Biogeosciences 7, no. 5 (May 17, 2010): 1515–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1515-2010.
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Abstract. Soil samples were collected in six South American countries in a total of 71 different 1 ha forest plots across the Amazon Basin as part of the RAINFOR project. They were analysed for total and exchangeable cations, C, N, pH with various P fractions also determined. Physical properties were also examined and an index of soil physical quality proposed. A diverse range of soils was found. For the western areas near the Andean cordillera and the southern and northern fringes, soils tend to be distributed among the lower pedogenetic levels, while the central and eastern areas of Amazonia have more intensely weathered soils. This gives rise to a large variation of soil chemical and physical properties across the Basin, with soil properties varying predictably along a gradient of pedogenic development. Nutrient pools generally increased slightly in concentration from the youngest to the intermediate aged soils after which a gradual decline was observed with the lowest values found in the most weathered soils. Soil physical properties were strongly correlated with soil fertility, with favourable physical properties occurring in highly weathered and nutrient depleted soils and with the least weathered, more fertile soils having higher incidence of limiting physical properties. Soil phosphorus concentrations varied markedly in accordance with weathering extent and appear to exert an important influence on the nitrogen cycle of Amazon forest soils.
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Belteben, Arwa Ahamed, Mamoun Abdullah Gharaibeh, and Amar Ali Albalasmeh. "Grazing Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties." Journal of Misurata University for Agricultural Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 5, 2020): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2020.v02.01.03.
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Uncontrolled grazing can have deteriorative effects on soil properties. This paper studied the effect of different grazing intensities on soil physicochemical and hydraulic properties at Al-Khanasry Agricultural Station, Al-Mafraq, Jordan. In summer 2016. Treatments were (1) no-grazing (NG), (2) controlled grazing (CG), and (3) uncontrolled grazing (UnG) sites. Soil samples were collected from each site to determine bulk density (BD), aggregate stability (AS), soil organic matter (SOM), electrical conductivity (EC), soil acidity (pH), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Infiltration (F (t)) and hydraulic conductivity (HC) were measured in the field. Results showed that UnG significantly increased BD, Controlled and un-controlled grazing sites showed similar BD (P=< 0.05), the highest was in controlled grazing (1.47 g cm-3). Aggregate stability also increased under grazing condition (P=< 0.05) only in the surface layer (AS), The lowest AS in surface layer was observed in no-grazed plot (17.4%), while no significant difference (P=< 0.05) were observed between controlled and un-controlled grazing plots (24.6 and 24.8%), respectively. In significant (P=< 0.05) Grazing increased soil OM in surface layers. Un-controlled grazing area had significantly (P=< 0.05) higher OM content (3.5%) compared to the no-grazed, but not significant (P=< 0.05) from the controlled grazing area (3%). Grazing significantly decreased F(t) and HC when compared to NG. Grazing significantly (P=< 0.05) reduced cumulative infiltration. The highest cumulative infiltration was observed in no-grazed area while the lowest was in un-controlled grazing area. Also, significant results showed that Grazing reduced (HC), however no significant (P=< 0.05) differences were observed between controlled and un-controlled grazing areas (P=< 0.05). The higher HC was in no-grazed site (0.172*103 cm s-1) while the lowest was in un-controlled grazing area (0.034*103 cm s-1). Therefore, controlling grazing intensity is recommended in these dry areas.
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Šimečková, Jana, František Krčma, Daniel Klofáč, Lukáš Dostál, and Zdenka Kozáková. "Influence of Plasma-Activated Water on Physical and Physical–Chemical Soil Properties." Water 12, no. 9 (August 22, 2020): 2357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092357.
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Recently, the bactericidal and fungicidal effects of plasma-activated water (PAW) have been confirmed for its application in agriculture. Although the PAW application is beneficial in plant growth, no information is available about processes induced by PAW in soil. This paper gives the first experimental results about PAW’s influence on selected physical and physical–chemical properties of soil. PAW was prepared using the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operating in the multistreamer mode at a frequency of 11 kHz. The total energy consumption was 60 J/ml. The obtained results show minimal changes in the natural water evaporation from the soil exposed to PAW, slower tap water absorption if a higher amount of PAW (16 doses per 10 ml to 90 g of the soil) is applied, as well as water retention in the soil of over 30%. The soil pH remains in the neutral range of values even at the highest applied PAW amount of 1.7 weight of soil, which represents the best conditions with respect to the plant growth. Thus, we can conclude that the PAW application, even at high amounts, has no negative influence on the physical and physical–chemical properties of soil and it can be safely applied in sustainable, environmentally friendly agriculture.
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Poyon Kizi, Khayitova Sanobar. "SOIL SCIENCE AND SOIL TERMINOLOGY." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-11-12.
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Soil science involves the study of the formation and distribution of soil, the biological, chemical and physical properties and processes of soil and how these processes interact with wider systems to help inform environmental management, industry and sustainable development.
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Olubanjo, O. O., and S. O. Ayoola. "Assessment of Spatial Variability of Physico-chemical Properties of Soil at Crop, Soil and Pest Management Research Farm, FUTA." Applied Research Journal of Environmental Engineering 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjee20200301020.
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Soil is an important natural resource for growing plants and the suitability of the soil for crop production is based on the quality of the soil’s physical, chemical and biological properties. The objectives of the study were to determine the soil physical and chemical properties and characterize the spatial variability of soil physico-chemical properties across the study area. The study was conducted at Crop, Soil and Pest Management Research Farm, Futa. Soil samples were collected from six sampling depths between 0-60 cm at an interval of 10 cm at different 20 points across the field while coordinates of the soil sampling points were determined using Global Positioning System (GPS) procedures. The test for variance was carried out on the physical properties of %sand, %silt, %clay, bulk density (g/cm3), %porosity, %water holding capacity (WHC) and soil hydraulic conductivity and chemical properties on pH, organic matter content (%), total nitrogen (%), available phosphorus (ppm), calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium (cmol/kg), and effective cation exchange capacity (cmol/kg). The laboratory analysis (soil textural analysis) revealed that the soil types at the site were predominantly Sandy Clay Loam. Gravimetric soil moisture content and the water holding capacity (WHC) in all the 20 sampling spots at the topsoil has a mean value of 9.13% ± 1.90 and 52.43%±2.45 respectively. The minimum and maximum hydraulic conductivity (K) value at the distribution show a moderately skewed distribution of the K data and the distribution is positively skewed. The mean pH value of the soil in the study site was found to be slightly acidic and the soils were low in soil OM. The CEC, Mg2+, OC, TEB and TN indicated a significant difference for soil chemical properties. The physical and chemical properties of the study were found to be optimal for crop production, fertility assessment and land use management practices for crop productions and drip irrigation is suitable for the study area. Keywords: Spatial variability, Soil physico-chemical property, GPS procedures, Sampling point, Land use management practices, fertility assessment
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Manrique, L. A., C. A. Jones, and P. T. Dyke. "Predicting soil water retention characteristics from soil physical and chemical properties." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 22, no. 17-18 (November 1991): 1847–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629109368540.
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Asmar, Asmar, Amrizal Saidi, and Masliyunas Masliyunas. "HUBUNGAN KESUBURAN TANAH DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN." Jurnal Solum 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2010): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/js.7.1.27-36.2010.
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A research about relationship between soil properties and crop yield was conducted in Pandai Sikek, Tanah Datar Region, center for cabbage and carrot production, West Sumatra in 2004 and 2005. Soil samples were collected from rainfed paddy soils by purposive random sampling. Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty and Agriculture Polytechnique Laboratory, Andalas University. Several soil physical properties analysed were soil bulk density and total soil pores by using gravimetric method, permeability with de Boodt method, soil water content at several pF values using pressure plate apparatus, and soil strength by using penetrometer. Soil chemical parameters analysed were soil pH using pH-meter, organic-C using Walkley and Black, available P using Bray II, and cation exchange capacity using NH4-leaching at pH 7.0, and N-total using Kjehdhal method. Crop productions were sampled from a 3x3 m2 of soil sampling area. The result showed that soils planted by cabbage and carrot had good soil physical properties, such as having balanced pore size distribution. The chemical properties of the soils were good as well, except N, K- and Ca-exchangeable which were very low. The other soil properties were quite good. Soil physical properties gave different response on both crops. Carrots were more response aeration pore and soil organic matter content, then cabbage was more response on BV, TSP, and slow drainage pores. While soil chemical properties did not give significant response. Both crops responded on Ca, but cabbage was more response on N-total, and carrot on CEC and saturated cationKey Words: Soil Physical Properties, Soil Fertility, Crop Productivity
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Ahmad Bhat, Shakeel, Alban Kuriqi, Mehraj U. Din Dar, Owais Bhat, Saad Sh Sammen, Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam, Ahmed Elbeltagi, et al. "Application of Biochar for Improving Physical, Chemical, and Hydrological Soil Properties: A Systematic Review." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 11104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141711104.
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Biochar is a carbon-based substance made by the pyrolysis of organic waste. The amount of biochar produced is determined by the type of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. Biochar is frequently added to the soil for various reasons, including carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas mitigation, improved crop production by boosting soil fertility, removing harmful contaminants, and drought mitigation. Biochar may also be used for waste management and wastewater treatment. Biochar’s various advantages make it a potentially appealing instrument material for current science and technology. Although biochar’s impacts on soil chemical qualities and fertility have been extensively researched, little is known about its impact on enhancing soil physical qualities. This review is intended to describe biochar’s influence on some crucial soil physical and hydrological properties, including bulk density of soil, water holding capacity, soil porosity, soil hydraulic conductivity, soil water retention, water repellence–available plant water, water infiltration, soil temperature, soil color, and surface albedo. Therefore, we propose that the application of biochar in soils has considerable advantages, and this is especially true for arable soils with low fertility.
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Elchininova, O. A., O. V. Kuznetsova, A. N. Soyonova, and G. V. Chichinova. "Physical-chemical and water-physical properties of agricultural soils on inter-mountain hollows of Mountain Altai." Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation, no. 150 (September 30, 2019): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2019-1-150-137-146.
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The purpose of the research is the study the basic physical,chemical and water-physical properties of soils of high and medium mountain basins of the Altai mountains under different types of agricultural use (arable land, hayfields, pasture). The main features of chestnut and light chestnut soils of high-mountain basins, dark chestnut soils and common chernozem of mid-mountain basins are established. These are a light granulometric composition with a high content of coarse soil, a sharp decrease of humus content and cation exchange capacity down the profile, slightly alkaline reaction of medium, and perfect structural state, except for the lower horizons of light chestnut soil. By density of the humus horizon, the soils of hayland and pasture belong to the soils rich in organic matter. Considerable density is noted also in the chernozem ordinary under an arable land where for many decades usual dump plowing is applied, minimum - in the dark-chestnut soil under an arable land where in recent years processing is carried out by a diskator which basic purpose - preparation of the soil for crops without preliminary plowing. The density of arable horizon on arable land correspond to typical values for a cultivated or a new-ploughed arable land. With the depth of the soil profile, this ratio increases, but it is lower than typical values for the subsurface horizons. The density of the solid phase varies slightly. In the upper organogenic horizons of the hayland and pasture, it is low due to the occurrence of organic matter. In the lower horizons, it is slightly higher and corresponds to the density of the solid phase for mineral soils. The porosity of the studied soils is in inverse proportion to density. The porosity of the upper horizons is perfect, and the horizons correspond to the cultural-arable layer. The porosity of the lower horizons is satisfactory. The hygroscopic moisture content of the soils under study varies in the wide range (0,7-9,9%). The maximum hygroscopicity in the sandy loam horizons is low (2-4%) and it is higher in loamy horizons (4-7%). The permanent wilting point ranges from 2,7 to 11,7%, and total water capacity - from 25,9 to 50,4%. Comparison of physical-chemical and water-physical properties of the studied soils of intermountain basins of the Altai Mountains with those of the same type of soils of the Altai territory and adjacent regions of Western Siberia indicates their proximity and even some advantage.
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Əlisahib oğlu Əliyev, Murad, and Orxan Elxan oğlu Həsənzadə. "Physical-chemical properties and bonitrovka of land of ashberon district." NATURE AND SCIENCE 20, no. 5 (May 17, 2022): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/20/23-28.
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Respublikamızda təbii sərvətlərdən səmərəli istifadənin təşkili, istehsalatın təşkilində ekoloji tələblərin nəzərə alınması və s. bu kimi məsələlərin həllinə elmi əsaslarla, təbiətin qanunlarına ciddi riayət etməklə baxılmışdır. yanaşmalar yerquruluşu, torpaqşünaslıq,ekologiya elmlərinin əsas məsələlərindən birinə çevrilmişdi. Bu baxımdan Abşeron rayonu torpaqlarının fiziki-kimyəvi xüsusiyyətləri laboratoriya şəraitində analiz edilmiş, rayon torpaqlarının münbütlik göstəriciləri əsasında bonitrovkası aparılmışdır. Açar sözlər: Abşeron rayonu, boz-qonur torpaq, fiziki-kimyəvi,münbitlik Murad Alisahib Aliyev Orkhan Elkhan Hasanzade Physical-chemical properties and bonitrovka of land of ashberon district Abstract Organization of efficient use of natural resources in our republic, taking into account environmental requirements in the organization of production, etc. The solution of such issues has been considered on a scientific basis, with strict observance of the laws of nature. These approaches have become one of the main issues of land management, soil science, ecological sciences. From this point of view, physical and chemical properties of the soils of Absheron region were analyzed in laboratory conditions, the soils of the region were evaluated on the basis of fertility indicators. Keywords: Absheron district, gray-brown soil, physicochemical, fertility
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Fahmi, Arifin, Ani Susilawati, and Ahmad Rachman. "Influence of Height Waterlogging on Soil Physical Properties of Potential and Actual Acid Sulphate Soils." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 19, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2014.v19i2.67-73.
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Water management is main factor that determines the successful of rice cultivation in acid sulphate soil. Soil waterlogging determines the direction and rate of chemical, geochemical and biological reaction in the soil, indirectly these reactions may influence to the changes of soil psycal properties during soil waterlogging process. The experiment was aimed to study the changes of two type of acid sulphate soils physical properties during rice straw decomposition processes. The research was conducted in the greenhouse consisting of the three treatment factors using the completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was soil type: potential acid sulphate soil (PASS) and actual acid sulphate soil (AASS). The second factor was height of water waterlogging: 0.5-1.0 cm (muddy water–level condition) and 4.0 cm from above the soil surface (waterlogged). The third factor was organic matter type: rice straw (RS), purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) (PT) and mixed of RS and PT (MX). Soil physical properties such as aggregate stability, total soil porosity, soil permeability, soil particle density and bulk density were observed at the end of experiment (vegetative maximum stage). The results showed that acid sulphate soil type had large effect on soil physicl properties, soil waterlogging decreased aggregate stability, soil particle density and bulk density both of soil type.Keywords : Acid sulphate soils, soil physical properties, and waterlogging [How to Cite: Arifin F, A Susilawati and A Rachman. 2014. Influence of Height Waterlogging on Soil Physical Properties of Potential and Actual Acid Sulphate Soils. J Trop Soils 19(2): 77-83. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.2.77]
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Patel, Kamal Kishor, Ajay Kumar Shah, and A. M. Latare. "Effects of Hydrogel on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 8 (April 4, 2023): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i82889.
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This experiment was performed at the Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha (BHU) Mirzapur, as a pot culture study, from November 2018 to March 2019–20. This experiment is a completely randomised design, taking three replications with six treatments, i.e., T1: Control, T2: 5 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T3: 10 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T4: 15 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T5: 20 g kg-1 Hydrogel, and T6: 25 g kg-1 Hydrogel. The soil was incubated with different doses of hydrogel for 120 days. The samples were collected after incubation, processed in a laboratory, and analysed for physical and chemical properties of soil. The results demonstrated that the use of hydrogel had a significant impact on the various soil properties, particularly the water holding capacity and bulk density of the soil. Other soil properties that were significantly influenced were particle density, porosity, electrical conductivity, soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. However, the application of hydrogel did not influence the pH of soil or the organic carbon content of soil. The application of hydrogel at a rate of 25 g kg1 showed the highest values of available N, P, K, and S content in soil as well as the water holding capacity. In some soil properties, the treatment containing 25 g kg-1 hydrogel was found to be statistically equivalent to that containing 20 g kg-1 hydrogel.
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Quesada, Carlos Alberto, Claudia Paz, Erick Oblitas Mendoza, Oliver Lawrence Phillips, Gustavo Saiz, and Jon Lloyd. "Variations in soil chemical and physical properties explain basin-wide Amazon forest soil carbon concentrations." SOIL 6, no. 1 (February 11, 2020): 53–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-53-2020.
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Abstract. We investigate the edaphic, mineralogical and climatic controls of soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration utilising data from 147 primary forest soils (0–30 cm depth) sampled in eight different countries across the Amazon Basin. Sampled across 14 different World Reference Base soil groups, our data suggest that stabilisation mechanism varies with pedogenetic level. Specifically, although SOC concentrations in Ferralsols and Acrisols were best explained by simple variations in clay content – this presumably being due to their relatively uniform kaolinitic mineralogy – this was not the case for less weathered soils such as Alisols, Cambisols and Plinthosols for which interactions between Al species, soil pH and litter quality are argued to be much more important. Although for more strongly weathered soils the majority of SOC is located within the aggregate fraction, for the less weathered soils most of the SOC is located within the silt and clay fractions. It thus seems that for highly weathered soils SOC storage is mostly influenced by surface area variations arising from clay content, with physical protection inside aggregates rendering an additional level of protection against decomposition. On the other hand, most of the SOC in less weathered soils is associated with the precipitation of aluminium–carbon complexes within the fine soil fraction, with this mechanism enhanced by the presence of high levels of aromatic, carboxyl-rich organic matter compounds. Also examined as part of this study were a relatively small number of arenic soils (viz. Arenosols and Podzols) for which there was a small but significant influence of clay and silt content variations on SOM storage, with fractionation studies showing that particulate organic matter may account for up to 0.60 of arenic soil SOC. In contrast to what were in all cases strong influences of soil and/or litter quality properties, after accounting for these effects neither wood productivity, above-ground biomass nor precipitation/temperature variations were found to exert any significant influence on SOC stocks. These results have important implications for our understanding of how Amazon forest soils are likely to respond to ongoing and future climate changes.
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Briggs, Christopher, Joan M. Breiner, and Robert C. Graham. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Pinus ponderosa Charcoal." Soil Science 177, no. 4 (April 2012): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ss.0b013e3182482784.
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VARELA, C., C. VAZQUEZ, M. V. GONZALEZ-SANGREGORIO, M. C. LEIROS, and F. GIL-SOTRES. "CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OPENCAST LIGNITE MINESOILS." Soil Science 156, no. 3 (September 1993): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199309000-00009.
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Opeyemi, Akintola, Bodede Adewunmi, and Abiola Oluwaseyi. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Gambari Forest Reserve Near Ibadan, South Western Nigeria." Journal of Bioresource Management 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35691/jbm.0202.0132.
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The different features of soil greatly affect the flora and vegetative diversity of a forest. The physical and chemical characteristics of soils in Onigambari Forest Reserve were evaluated to assess the fertility and productivity status of the soils. Fifteen soil samples collected from different sample locations were analyzed for soil texture (sand, silt and clay), bulk density, porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and available micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn). Texturally, the studied soils were loamy sand and sandy loam with percentage of sands (71.2-84.2 %), silts (7.4-10.4 %) and clay (6.4-19.4 %). The bulk density of the soils was 1.61-1.83 % while the porosity of the soils ranged from 35.2-44.1 %. The slightly acidic to neutral soil pH (5.90 - 6.60) and medium organic matter content (1.68 -2.60 %) suggest adequate level of soil nutrients. The soils had high total nitrogen (0.35 -0.65 %) and available phosphorus contents between 10.98 and 18.22mg/kg.
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Cotching, W. E., L. A. Sparrow, K. Hawkins, B. E. McCorkell, and W. Rowley. "Linking Tasmanian potato and poppy yields to selected soil physical and chemical properties." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 12 (2004): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03023.
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Selected soil properties and paddock management characteristics were measured for 121 potato and poppy crops in north and northwest Tasmania to see if variation in these characteristics explain variation in crop yield. The soil properties we selected were those that previous work found had changed the most as a result of cropping and, therefore, may be affecting yield on the particular soil type. The soil properties and management characteristics that were significantly correlated with crop yield varied with crop and soil type. None of the soil characters had correlation coefficients greater than 0.63, probably reflecting the capacity of individual farmers to overcome particular soil limitations through their management of tillage, nutrition, irrigation, weeds and pathogens. On ferrosols, a visual score of soil structure was significantly correlated with potato yield (r = 0.57) and exchangeable aluminium was significantly correlated with poppy yield (r = 0.63). Exchangeable calcium (r = 0.54) and penetration resistance (r = 0.38) correlated positively and topdressed nitrogen (r = –0.49) correlated negatively with poppy alkaloid assay, an important determinant of overall poppy yield. On dermosols, depth to 2000 kPa penetration resistance (r = 0.60) and fertiliser P (r = –0.67) were correlated with potato yield, structure score correlated with poppy yield (r = 0.59), and penetration resistance with poppy assay (r = 0.52). On sodosols, fertiliser K (r = –0.41 and r = 0.55) and N (r = –0.45 and 0.42) correlated negatively with poppy yield and positively with poppy assay. On clay loam soils such as dermosols and ferrosols, increased topsoil cloddiness appears to be having a deleterious effect on crop yield. Cloddiness is readily assessed on these soils using the structure scorecard, which could therefore become a practical diagnostic test for farmers and advisers.
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Bauer, Tatiana, Tatiana Minkina, David Pinskii, Inna Zamulina, Saglara Mandzhieva, Dina Nevidomskaya, and Marina Burachevskaya. "Soil physical and chemical properties changes after zinc contamination." Biological Communications 64, no. 1 (2019): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2019.106.
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Price, G. W., and R. P. Voroney. "Papermill Biosolids Effect on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties." Journal of Environmental Quality 36, no. 6 (November 2007): 1704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0043.
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Kula, Emmanuel, and Martin Lazorík. "Centipedes, millipedes, terrestrial isopods and their relationships to physical and chemical properties of forest soils." Entomologica Fennica 27, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84657.
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The quality of soil environment in forest ecosystems of mountain zones was characterised by skeleton content and particle size as well as soil moisture and chemistry and used for deepening the knowledge of ecological requirements of centipedes, millipedes and terrestrial isopods. Soil skeleton and size of the particles were significant environmental factors, with Lithobius austriacus, Lithobius erythrocephalus and Lithobius nodulipes preferring stony soils. The isopods Ligidium hypnorum and Hyloniscus riparius were closely bound to heavy soils with a high clay content, which was related to increased soil moisture and indication ofwaterlogged soils. Soil reaction (pH/KCl) was less associated with the occurrence of the studied invertebrates. The soils with higher skeleton content and a favourable moisture regime containing more Ca2+ and Mg2+ were more attractive to some centipedes (Strigamia acuminata, Lithobius microps) and isopods (Trachelipus ratzebargii, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber).
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CICŞA, Avram, Gheorghe Marian TUDORAN, Maria BOROEANU, Alexandru C. DOBRE, and Gheorghe SPÂRCHEZ. "Influence of Soil Genesis Factors on Gurghiu Mountain Forest Soils’ Physical and Chemical Properties." Series II: Forestry • Wood Industry • Agricultural Food Engineering 14(63), no. 2 (December 22, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.2.1.
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This research aimed to determine the values of chemical properties and the relationships between the main pedoecological factors that characterize the soils in the Gurghiu Mountains. The mapping surveys were carried out on an area of 4,647.36 ha located in the mixed mountain forest sites (FM2) (1,000–1,400 m altitude). The area was stratified into homogeneous site units in terms of climate, hydricity, and trophicity. At the level of the elementary site units, 35 main soil profiles and 46 control profiles were placed. The number of profiles was determined statistically to ensure an error of no more than 10%. Soil samples collected from the main profiles were analyzed in the laboratory. Soil’s properties values decreased on the soil’s profile (humus content from 15 to 2%, nitrogen from 1.1 to 0.5%, sum of exchangeable hydrogen from 20 to 9 me/100 g soil, and total cationic exchange capacity from 38 to 20 me/100 g soil), except the pH and the base saturation degree (the pH increased on profile from 4.5 to 6, and the base saturation degree from 40 to 70%). The soil properties, except for moisture, were significantly affected by altitude, and decreased when the altitude increased. Soil trophicity can be characterized by a soil index, the values of which were between 17 and 42 for the analyzed soils. These values indicated soil-specific trophicity levels from oligotrophic to eutrophic.
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Oliveira, Daniela Aparecida de, Adilson Pinheiro, and Milton da Veiga. "Effects of pig slurry application on soil physical and chemical properties and glyphosate mobility." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 5 (October 2014): 1421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000500007.
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Pig slurry applied to soil at different rates may affect soil properties and the mobility of chemical compounds within the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rates of pig slurry application in agricultural areas on soil physical and chemical properties and on the mobility of glyphosate through the soil profile. The study was carried out in the 12th year of an experiment with pig slurry applied at rates of 0 (control), 50, 100 and 200 m³ ha-1 yr-1 on a Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Hapludox) soil. In the control, the quantities of P and K removed by harvested grains were replaced in the next crop cycle. Soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, texture, and saturated hydraulic conductivity) and chemical properties (organic matter, pH, extractable P, and exchangeable K) were measured. Soil solution samples were collected at depths of 20, 40 and 80 cm using suction lysimeters, and glyphosate concentrations were measured over a 60-day period after slurry application. Soil physical and chemical properties were little affected by the pig slurry applications, but soil pH was reduced and P levels increased in the surface layers. In turn, K levels were increased in sub-surface layers. Glyphosate concentrations tended to decrease over time but were not affected by pig slurry application. The concentrations of glyphosate found in different depths show that the pratice of this application in agricultural soils has the potential for contamination of groundwater, especially when the water table is the surface and heavy rains occur immediately after application.
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Ružičić, Stanko, Zoran Kovač, and Dražen Tumara. "PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN RELATION WITH SOIL PERMEABILITY IN THE AREA OF VELIKA GORICA WELL FIELD." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 33, no. 2 (2018): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2018.2.7.
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Suazo-Hernández, Jonathan, Nicolás Arancibia-Miranda, Rawan Mlih, Lizethly Cáceres-Jensen, Nanthi Bolan, and María de la Luz Mora. "Impact on Some Soil Physical and Chemical Properties Caused by Metal and Metallic Oxide Engineered Nanoparticles: A Review." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030572.
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In recent years, the release of metal and metallic oxide engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) into the environment has generated an increase in their accumulation in agricultural soils, which is a serious risk to the ecosystem and soil health. Here, we show the impact of ENPs on the physical and chemical properties of soils. A literature search was performed in the Scopus database using the keywords ENPs, plus soil physical properties or soil chemical properties, and elements availability. In general, we found that the presence of metal and metallic oxide ENPs in soils can increase hydraulic conductivity and soil porosity and reduce the distance between soil particles, as well as causing a variation in pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (Eh), and soil organic matter (SOM) content. Furthermore, ENPs or the metal cations released from them in soils can interact with nutrients like phosphorus (P) forming complexes or precipitates, decreasing their bioavailability in the soil solution. The results depend on the soil properties and the doses, exposure duration, concentrations, and type of ENPs. Therefore, we suggest that particular attention should be paid to every kind of metal and metallic oxide ENPs deposited into the soil.
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Vogelmann, Eduardo Saldanha, José Miguel Reichert, Juliana Prevedello, and Gabriel Oladele Awe. "Hydro-physical processes and soil properties correlated with origin of soil hydrophobicity." Ciência Rural 43, no. 9 (July 29, 2013): 1582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782013005000107.
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Hydrophobicity is the phenomenon where the soil has reduced wettability, usually associated with coating of soil particles by hydrophobic organic substances. This study aimed to provide a description of the hydrophobicity occurrence, highlight recent discoveries about the origin of phenomenon and discuss the main hydro-physical properties and chemical processes linked to the development of hydrophobic behavior in soils. Hydrophobicity is associated with other factors such as soil moisture, presence of some fungi species, particle size, soil pH and occurrence of burnings. The causative substances may be provided by local vegetation, through deposition or decomposition. The dependence and combination of different factors that influence hydrophobicity in soils lead to a spatial and temporal variability of the phenomenon, with negative consequences in the processes of infiltration and water percolation, affecting the three-dimensional distribution and dynamics of soil moisture. Thus, the occurrence of a hydrophobic character requires special attention, especially regarding soil use and management.
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Manrique, L. A., and C. A. Jones. "Bulk Density of Soils in Relation to Soil Physical and Chemical Properties." Soil Science Society of America Journal 55, no. 2 (1991): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1991.03615995005500020030x.
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Tahboub, Mohammed B., William C. Lindemann, and Leigh Murray. "Chemical and Physical Properties of Soil Amended with Pecan Wood Chips." HortScience 43, no. 3 (June 2008): 891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.891.
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The pruning wood of pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] is often burned. Chipping and soil incorporation of pruning wood is becoming more popular as a result of environmental constraints on burning. The objective of our research was to determine how pecan wood incorporation into soil affects the soil chemical and physical properties. Pecan wood chips were incorporated into a silty clay soil at rates of 0, 4484, 8968, 13,452, and 17,936 kg·ha−1 in Summer 2002, 2003, and 2004. Some plots received nitrogen at a rate of 0, 15.2, 30.5, 45.7, and 61.0 kg·ha−1 to adjust the C : N ratio of trimmings to 30 : 1. Ammonium sulfate, as a nitrogen source to balance the C : N ratio of pecan wood chips, reduced soil pH. However, the wood chip amendments alone did not reduce soil pH. Soil salinity (as determined by electrical conductivity) and bulk density were unaffected by wood chip incorporation regardless of application rate or number of applications. Incorporation of pecan chips had little effect on soil moisture content, but the soil had an inherently high waterholding capacity. Pecan wood chip incorporation significantly increased soil organic matter content and aggregate stability, particularly at the higher application rates and with repeated amendment. The incorporation of pecan pruning wood into the soil appears to improve soil tilth and aggregation while providing growers with an environmentally acceptable means of disposal.
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Egbuche, Christian Toochi, Su Zhiyao, Azubuike N. O, I. E. Duruanyim, Marcellin Robertson, Duru I. C., and Okoi U. Ina Jnr. "Integrated Forest Management Systems: Evaluation of forest soil properties for Environmental Quality and Agricultural Productivity." EARTH SCIENCES AND HUMAN CONSTRUCTIONS 2 (April 26, 2022): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232024.2022.2.13.
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Soil physical and chemical properties do affect forests (plant) growth and soil management systems. Some key and important physical and chemical properties of soil are mineral content, texture, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, structure, porosity, organic matter content, carbon-to-ni- trogen ratio, color, depth, fertility, and pH. Sustainable forest management and soil quality parameters may include such terrestrial functions as carbon sequestration, land use management, erosion control, plant productivity and a soil’s capacity to produce biomass. Sustainable forest management consistently requires enhancement of both the chemical and physical properties of forest soil quality. Land use and change in land use as well as forest management systems, are main indicators that may determine which soil properties induce changes in any forest site. Forest management and crop yield are key issues of environmental/productivity quality in addressing carbon mitigation and absorption in plant species and agricultural productivity. Five distinct forest soils under major physical properties and chemical properties were evaluated at the forest ecology laboratory. The results were determined while considering regional forest management regimes. Correlation analysis in Deqing forest soil showed that higher correlation of NMC at 25-50cm depth, BD at 0-25cm as well as 25-50cm while EC was high on 0-40 and 0.60 At the Guangzhou site, acidic levels (pH 0-25cm) indicated minor correlation and soil salinity (EC 25-50cm) also showed minor correlation. The trend was same the at the Changtan forest site where soil salinity showed only minor significant relationship (0-25cm). A percentage assessment of SOC (g/kg) among the forest sites by plot observation showed that Deqing forest site, Changtan and Nanling were well distributed which confers best forest management regimes that yield to good forest soil chemical and physical properties. This study gave scientific insight and boast plant functional nutrient interaction as well as stability towards better agricultural productivity and forest management systems. This is in agreement that good management and less disturbance in forest soils are major component of physical and chemical properties interaction, thereby for effective integrated forest and agricultural management systems.
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Egbuche, Christian Toochi, Su Zhiyao, Azubuike N. O, I. E. Duruanyim, Marcellin Robertson, Duru I. C., and Okoi U. Ina Jnr. "Integrated Forest Management Systems: Evaluation of forest soil properties for Environmental Quality and Agricultural Productivity." EARTH SCIENCES AND HUMAN CONSTRUCTIONS 2 (April 26, 2022): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232024.2022.2.13.
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Soil physical and chemical properties do affect forests (plant) growth and soil management systems. Some key and important physical and chemical properties of soil are mineral content, texture, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, structure, porosity, organic matter content, carbon-to-ni- trogen ratio, color, depth, fertility, and pH. Sustainable forest management and soil quality parameters may include such terrestrial functions as carbon sequestration, land use management, erosion control, plant productivity and a soil’s capacity to produce biomass. Sustainable forest management consistently requires enhancement of both the chemical and physical properties of forest soil quality. Land use and change in land use as well as forest management systems, are main indicators that may determine which soil properties induce changes in any forest site. Forest management and crop yield are key issues of environmental/productivity quality in addressing carbon mitigation and absorption in plant species and agricultural productivity. Five distinct forest soils under major physical properties and chemical properties were evaluated at the forest ecology laboratory. The results were determined while considering regional forest management regimes. Correlation analysis in Deqing forest soil showed that higher correlation of NMC at 25-50cm depth, BD at 0-25cm as well as 25-50cm while EC was high on 0-40 and 0.60 At the Guangzhou site, acidic levels (pH 0-25cm) indicated minor correlation and soil salinity (EC 25-50cm) also showed minor correlation. The trend was same the at the Changtan forest site where soil salinity showed only minor significant relationship (0-25cm). A percentage assessment of SOC (g/kg) among the forest sites by plot observation showed that Deqing forest site, Changtan and Nanling were well distributed which confers best forest management regimes that yield to good forest soil chemical and physical properties. This study gave scientific insight and boast plant functional nutrient interaction as well as stability towards better agricultural productivity and forest management systems. This is in agreement that good management and less disturbance in forest soils are major component of physical and chemical properties interaction, thereby for effective integrated forest and agricultural management systems.
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Ali, Shahzad. "Effects of Wastewater use on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Human Health Status." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8864.
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Freshwater scarcity with an increasing population is a debatable scenario at the present time. Change in rainfall pattern results in agriculture production demanding more water. To be concerned with both problems, irrigation wastewater use is a compatible strategy to overcome both conditions. Wastewater composition depends upon source type (domestic or industrial) and location (area or site) where does the water evolved. Wastewater composition varied from site to site and area to area due to location differentiation. Wastewater helps the farmers to increment in total available plant macronutrients, micronutrients, and replication of microbial community in soil. But wastewater use has some cons that they cause the soil physicochemical properties affection such as soil conductivity, water retention capacity, bulk density, organic carbon ratio and pH. Now, the critical concern is an accumulation of heavy metals in the soil-plant system. In addition, wastewater contains an excessive amount of many heavy metals (zinc, nical, lead and chromium), and if they present in the soil in excessive amounts, then they cause hazards to plants, animals and human life. In this articles discussion are made about the wastewater uses in future prospects for agriculture and how they are important in sustainable agriculture. Wastewater uses have pros and cons, but groundwater levels are decreasing at an alarming rate.
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Olivier, Renaldo. "Entisol Chemical Properties on the System Organic Agriculture." International Journal of Science and Society 2, no. 3 (July 18, 2020): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v2i3.148.
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Agricultural systems based on high input energy materials (fossil materials) such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides can damage soil properties and will ultimately reduce soil productivity in the future. Alternative agricultural systems that use low input energy (low input energy) are believed to be able to maintain soil fertility and environmental sustainability while at the same time maintaining or increasing soil productivity. Organic farming systems prioritize the use of organic materials and waste recycling. This research reveals how changes have taken place in the physical and chemical properties of soils that have carried out organic farming systems for several times. The study uses a sampling method on farmer’s land that has been studied to treat organic and non-organic farming systems. Two soil samples were taken from 2 different locations to represent soil organic farming systems and 4 soil samples were taken from 4 different locations representing non-organic farming systems. Soil sampling was carried out at a depth of 20 cm. The results showed significant differences in the chemical properties of the soil (CEC, pH H2O, available P, available K, total N, carbon content, humic acid and fulfat) between the soil with organic and inorganic farming systems which showed better values in the agricultural system organic.
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Renaldo Olivar. "Entisol Chemical Properties On The System Organic Agriculture." INFLUENCE : International Journal of Science Review 3, no. 1 (August 6, 2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/influence.v3i1.121.
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Agricultural systems based on high input energy materials (fossil materials) such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides can damage soil properties and will ultimately reduce soil productivity in the future.Alternative agricultural systems that use low input energy (low input energy) are believed to be able to maintain soil fertility and environmental sustainability while at the same time maintaining or increasing soil productivity. Organic farming systems prioritize the use of organic materials and waste recycling. This research reveals how changes have taken place in the physical and chemical properties of soils that have carried out organic farming systems for several times.The study uses a sampling method on farmer’s land that has been studied to treat organic and non-organic farming systems. Two soil samples were taken from 2 different locations to represent soil organic farming systems and 4 soil samples were taken from 4 different locations representing non-organic farming systems. Soil sampling was carried out at a depth of 20 cm.The results showed significant differences in the chemical properties of the soil (CEC, pH H2O, available P, available K, total N, carbon content, humic acid and fulfat) between the soil with organic and inorganic farming systems which showed better values in the agricultural system organic.
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Viola Whit. "Entisol Chemical Properties In The Organic Agriculture System." International Journal of Science and Society 4, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i4.597.
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Farming systems based on high input energy materials (fossil materials), such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides, can damage soil properties and will ultimately reduce soil productivity in the future. Alternative agricultural systems using low input energy (LEE) are believed to be able to maintain soil fertility and environmental sustainability while at the same time maintaining or increasing soil productivity. Organic farming systems prioritize the use of organic materials and the recycling of waste. This research reveals how changes have occurred in the physical and chemical properties of soils that have carried out organic farming systems several times. The study uses a method of sampling farmers' land that has been studied to treat organic and non-organic farming systems. Two soil samples were taken from 2 different locations to represent organic soil farming systems and 4 soil samples were taken from 4 different locations to represent non-organic farming systems. Soil sampling was carried out at a depth of 20 cm. The results showed significant differences in the chemical properties of the soil (CEC, pH H2O, available P, available K, total N, carbon content, humic acid and fulfat) between the soil with organic and inorganic agriculture systems that showed better values in the organic farming system
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Correia, Julio. "PENGARUH DOSIS PUUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERBAIKAN BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI TANAH PADA KONDISI JENUH AIR DAN KAPSITAS LAPANG." AGRICA 6, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/agr.v6i1.427.
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Soils are the main media for the growth of crops, the low yield of crops is always related to soil physical, chemical and biological soil conditions. Cattle manure is an organic fertilizer known well before chemical fertilizer. Many types of research on the use of cattle manure to ameliorate physical, chemical and biological soil properties have been conducted, but the optimum rates of cattle manure especially on sandy soil have never been found. This fact may be caused by leaching of organic materials and nutrients to deeper soil layer unreachable by roots. An experiment was conducted in a plastic house using sandy soils from the district of Kubu, Karangasem regency, with the objectives of studying the effects of rates of cattle manure on physical, chemical and biological properties f soils and the effects of inundated and water field capacity of soils on leaching of nutrients in the soils. The experiment was conducted from June until August 2010. The design used was a split-plot design consisted of four rates of cattle manure (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1) as main plots and two water status of soils (inundated and water capacity) as subplots, with three replications. The results of the experiment indicated that cattle manure is able to ameliorate some of the soil physical properties as bulk densities (g cm-3), soil water status (%), soil permeability (cm hour-1) and total soil pores (%), and increased soil pH, C-organic content (%), C/N ratio, NPK and biological properties of soils of low nutrients status of sandy loam brown regosol soils derived from Vulcan intermediary. The results of the experiment also indicated the occurrence of leaching of organic materials and NPK nutrients to 20-40 cm layer. Based on the experiment results it is to suggest to the farmers that the use of cattle manure should be combined with synthetic chemical fertilizer in several applications during growth periods, but this required further researches.
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Li, Yanlin, Chunmei Zeng, and Meijun Long. "Variation of soil nutrients and bacterial community diversity of different land utilization types in Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing Municipality." PeerJ 8 (July 17, 2020): e9386. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9386.
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The diversity and community distribution of soil bacteria in different land use types in Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing Municipality were studied by using Illumina MiSeq analysis methods. Soil physical and chemical properties were determined, and correlation analyses were performed to identify the key factors affecting bacterial numbers and α-diversity in these soils. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties of different land use types decrease in the order: mixed forest (M2) > pure forest (P1) > grassland (G3) > bare land (B4). There were significant differences in bacterial diversity and communities of different land use types. The diversity of different land use types showed the same sequence with the soil physical and chemical properties. The abundance and diversity of bacterial in M2 and P1 soils was significantly higher than that in G3 and B4 soils. At phylum level, G3 and B4 soils were rich in only Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, whereas M2 and P1 soils were rich in Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. At genus level, Faecalibacterium and Agathobacter were the most abundant populations in M2 soil and were not found in other soils. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil moisture content, pH, AN, AP, AK and soil enzyme activity were significantly related to bacterial numbers, diversity and community distribution.
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Huang, Yu Wei, Wen Fu Chen, Da Quan Sun, Xue Chao Guan, Wei Ming Zhang, Lan Yu, Ji Ping Gao, and Jun Meng. "Research on Physical and Chemical Properties of Different Biochars." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.807.
Full textAbstract:
To provide instructive information for biochar research based on utilization of agricultural residues scientifically, we investigated physical and chemical properties of different biochars. According to a registered patent method from our institute, and a simple corncob pellet kiln and relevant biochar prepare method, we chose maize straw, rice hull and corncob et al. as raw materials and measured micro-structure, element composition, specific surface area, total pore volume and average pore diameter of these materials. Results showed that biochars from all materials behaved smoothly, clear structure and average C content 60%, average ash content less than 33%. All biochars were alkaline. With high porosity, peanut hull biochar and mushroom matrix biochar tended to be designed as fertilizer carrier in agriculture. In terms of nutrients analysis, maize straw and corncob were qualified to be applied to low potassium content and low pH soil, but rice hull biochar should be used on low phosphorous content soil. There would be a wide applying spectrum of soil for rice straw biochar.
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Salehi, A., N. Ghorbanzadeh, and E. Kahneh. "Earthworm biomass and abundance, soil chemical and physical properties under different poplar plantations in the north of Iran." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 6 (July 11, 2013): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2012-jfs.
Full textAbstract:
We evaluated earthworm abundance and biomass in plantations of different poplar species and clones as well as the effect of some soil chemical and physical properties on them. Even-aged poplar species and clones, planted at Safrabasteh Poplar Research Station about 18 years ago in the north of Iran, included: Populus deltoides Bartr. cv. 69/55 (P. d. 69/55), Populus deltoides Bartr. cv. 63/51 (P. d. 63/51), Populus euramericana Guinier. cv. 45/51 (P. e. 45/51), Populus euramericana Guinier. triplo (P. e. triplo), and Populus caspica Born M. (P. caspica), as endemic and endangered poplar species, were selected in this study. Earthworm abundance and biomass, soil texture, bulk and particle density (BD, PD), pH, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K) were evaluated. The results showed that the earthworm abundance and biomass, OC, P and N in P. d. 63/51 were higher than in the other poplar species and clones. The correlation coefficients showed a positive correlation of OC, N and a negative correlation of pH, clay, BD and P with earthworm biomass. Based on the results, compared to the other species and clones P. d. 63/51 creates favourable conditions to produce more organic matter and higher abundance and biomass of earthworms, hence it could be beneficial for maintaining the soil quality status for successive plantings.
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Petr, Šařec, and Novák Petr. "Changes in soil properties due to the application of activators in conditions of very heavy soils." Research in Agricultural Engineering 63, Special Issue (December 22, 2017): S40—S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2017-rae.
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This paper deals with verification of the effect of fermented manure (with and without Z'fix activators) and soil activators (PRP Sol) on a soil properties change. Their application should lead to a change in physical, physical-chemical and biological properties of soil, along with ecological material fixation, improved water retention and infiltration, reduction of soil susceptibility to water erosion and decreased soil tillage energy requirements. Field trial was established in Sloveč in Central Bohemia in the year 2014. The experiment was divided into several variants and was designed as multiannual. Z›fix activator was used as a biological transformation activator of manure. PRP Sol was used as a soil activator. In order to verify the effect, soil infiltration, cone index, bulk density and draft of tillage implement were measured. Measurements have shown a beneficial effect of the activators with regard to the decomposition of organic matter. Consequently, changes in soil properties and a reduction of draft at tillage operations developed. Finally, the effect should evolve gradually with a prolonged activator treatment.
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Soon, Y. K., M. A. Arshad, W. A. Rice, and P. Mills. "Recovery of chemical and physical properties of boreal plain soils impacted by pipeline burial." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-097.
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Pipeline construction on the Canadian boreal plain occurs on woodland and/or agricultural fields, but soil recovery from its impact is not well documented. Therefore, we quantified changes over 3 yr (1992 to 1994) in the chemical properties of two Grey soils and the physical properties of a Grey soil that were subjected to pipeline burial and cropped to barley. The pipeline right-of-way (RoW) was divided into three zones: a road (or work) area used for vehicular traffic, a trench area for burying pipeline, and a pile (or spoil) area where soil was stockpiled during excavation. Pipeline construction resulted in mixing of subsoil material with topsoil, and the chemical properties most affected were those that varied most with depth. The pH, electrical conductivity, soluble sulphate, and exchangeable Ca and Na were increased in the surface 20 cm of soil, particularly the road and trench areas. The affected properties moderated 2 or 3 yr after pipeline construction as soluble components were dissolved or dispersed and translocated back to lower soil depths. The RoW zones had increased soil strength and compaction, and reduced water retention and infiltration rates. However, the deterioration in soil physical condition was similar across the RoW zones, indicating that it was due mainly to land clearing, a requirement to convert woodland to agricultural land. Improvement in bulk density, and water infiltration and retention in 1993 and 1994 indicated that the RoW was undergoing rehabilitation with time as a result of natural processes and annual cropping. Key words: Chemical properties, exchangeable cations, sulphate, physical properties, soil-water, pipelines
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Tonkha, O., O. Bukova, O. Pikovska, I. Fedosiy, O. Menshov, and A. Shepel. "SILICON CONTENT, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF THE KHMELNYTSKY REGION OF UKRAINE." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 3 (90) (2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.90.12.
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Silicon plays the significant role in the growth and development of plants, their resistance to stress conditions. However, there is limited research on the content of various forms of silicon in soils, the relationship with soil cations, which is particularly relevant in the context of intensive agriculture and climate aridization in Ukraine. The purpose of the present study was to determine the content of silicon compounds of different mobility in the arable soils of the Khmelnytsky region, the spatial variation of these parameters, and to detect the dependence between the content of silicon compounds and soil particle size. The study was performed at the area of LLC "Lotivka Elit" of Shepetivka district of Khmelnitsky region in field crop rotation. We determined for soil samples: particle size distribution and content of fractions of granulometric elements of different sizes, pH of salt extraction (1,0 M KCl solution), humus content, calcium and magnesium exchangeable compounds by extraction with 1,0 M KCl solution. The results showed that the content of silicon compounds in soils depends on the particle size distribution of soil, the value of exchangeable acidity, humus content, and the composition of exchangeable cations.
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Romaniuk, Romina, Lidia Giuffré, Alejandro Costantini, Norberto Bartoloni, and Paolo Nannipieri. "A comparison of indexing methods to evaluate quality of soils: the role of soil microbiological properties." Soil Research 49, no. 8 (2011): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr11147.
Full textAbstract:
The study evaluates and compares two procedures for selecting soil quality indicators (used for the construction of soil quality indices, SQI) by using diverse chemical, physical, and biological properties, and evaluates the role of soil microbiological properties in the construction of SQI. Different soil environments were selected from an extensive agricultural production site in the rolling pampa, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The plots included an undisturbed soil, a grassland soil, and continuous tilled soils with four different surface horizon depths (25, 23, 19, and 14 cm). Various properties were measured, and a minimum dataset was chosen by principal component analysis (PCA) considering all measured soil properties together (procedure A), or the PCA was performed separately according to classification as physical, chemical, or biological soil properties (procedure B). The measured soil properties involved physical, chemical, and biochemical properties determined by standard protocols used in routine laboratory analysis (simple SQI, SSQI) or more laborious protocols to determine microbial community structure and function by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and catabolic response profile (CRP), respectively (complex SQI, CSQI). The selected properties were linearly normalised and integrated by the weight additive method to calculate SSQI A, SSQI B, CSQI A, and CSQI B indices. Two microbiological SQI (MSQI) were also calculated; MSQI 1 considered only biological properties according to the procedure used for calculating SQI; MSQI 2 was calculated by considering three selected microbiological parameters representing the size (microbial biomass carbon), activity (soil basal respiration), and functional diversity (evenness, determined by CRP) of the microbial communities. All of the constructed indices show the same differences among the study sites. The inclusion of CRP and PLFA data in the indices slightly increased, or did not increase, the index sensitivity. Microbiological indices had the same sensitivity as the indices integrated by physical, chemical, and biological properties. An evaluation of the SQI constructed by both procedures found no difference in sensitivity. However, SQI constructed by procedure B allowed evaluation of the effects of management practices on physical, chemical, and biological soil properties.