Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil physics and chemistry

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Soil physics and chemistry'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

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Sparks, Donald L. "Soil Physical Chemistry." Soil Science 145, no. 3 (March 1988): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198803000-00012.

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Vodianitsky, Yu. "SOIL CHEMISTRY TRENDS." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 66 (December 11, 2010): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2010-66-64-82.

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In modern soil chemistry, four main directions are being actively developed: 1) chemistry of organic matter, 2) biochemical processes in soils, 3) chemical basis of soil protection, 4) soil study aschemical membrane and a pool of chemical elements. Interest to the study of organic matter, soil contamination and the role of soil as a chemical component of the environment reflects pragmatic trends in modern soil chemistry. Many advances in soil chemistry are now associated with the use of new nonspecific methods of analysis, primarily physical ones. The greatest progress has been made inidentification of individual chemical compounds in soil when using synchrotron X-ray technology.
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Wyatt, Briana, and Susan Chapman. "Soil Biology, Chemistry, and Physics … Oh My!" CSA News 66, no. 6 (May 30, 2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/csan.20485.

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Conte, Pellegrino, Roberta Bertani, Paolo Sgarbossa, Paola Bambina, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Roberto Raga, Giuseppe Lo Papa, Delia Francesca Chillura Martino, and Paolo Lo Meo. "Recent Developments in Understanding Biochar’s Physical–Chemistry." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040615.

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Biochar is a porous material obtained by biomass thermal degradation in oxygen-starved conditions. It is nowadays applied in many fields. For instance, it is used to synthesize new materials for environmental remediation, catalysis, animal feeding, adsorbent for smells, etc. In the last decades, biochar has been applied also to soils due to its beneficial effects on soil structure, pH, soil organic carbon content, and stability, and, therefore, soil fertility. In addition, this carbonaceous material shows high chemical stability. Once applied to soil it maintains its nature for centuries. Consequently, it can be considered a sink to store atmospheric carbon dioxide in soils, thereby mitigating the effects of global climatic changes. The literature contains plenty of papers dealing with biochar’s environmental effects. However, a discrepancy exists between studies dealing with biochar applications and those dealing with the physical-chemistry behind biochar behavior. On the one hand, the impression is that most of the papers where biochar is tested in soils are based on trial-and-error procedures. Sometimes these give positive results, sometimes not. Consequently, it appears that the scientific world is divided into two factions: either supporters or detractors. On the other hand, studies dealing with biochar’s physical-chemistry do not appear helpful in settling the factions’ problem. This review paper aims at collecting all the information on physical-chemistry of biochar and to use it to explain biochar’s role in different fields of application.
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Liu, Yang, Zhong Ping Qiu, Jun Ru Shen, Yue Hu, Yin Yin Liu, and Chun Rong Shen. "Study on Correlation between Vegetation Restoration and Physics and Chemistry Characters of Soil in Embankment Slope." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 1024–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.1024.

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By study features of recovering vegetation and physics and chemistry characters of soil in embankment slopes of 3 years and10 years respectively, the correlation among those factors were investigated . The results show: the physics and chemistry characters of soil vary observably with recovering process; Soil bulk density decreases while soil moisture,TP,TNand organic matter content increase evidently; Although the coverage of vegetation changes little, the structure of vegetation community becomes more complex and spatial distribution is more even; The correlation between spatial distribution of vegetation and characters of soil is most remarkable. With process of restoration, the vegetation is affected more effectively by water and nutrients in site.
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Nichols, Kristine A., and Jonathan J. Halvorson. "Roles of Biology, Chemistry, and Physics in Soil Macroaggregate Formation and Stabilization." Open Agriculture Journal 7, no. 1 (November 29, 2013): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331520131011003.

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Many soil functions depend on the distribution of macro- (≥ 0.25 mm) and micro- (< 0.25 mm) aggregates and open space between aggregates (i.e. soil structure). Despite the importance of macroaggregates in soil, little is understood about how they form and become stable. We hypothesize that biological activities, chemical reactions, and physical forces which help to form macroaggregates differ from those involved in stabilization. Formation is a binding process where aggregate components are brought spatially closer together, ‘bagged’ or enmeshed by roots and fungal hyphae and ‘glued’ by labile SOM. Stabilization involves bonding processes between organic matter, clay minerals, cations, or plant or microbial biomolecules which increase internal cohesiveness. By separating aggregate formation from stabilization, the biological, chemical, and physical processes involved in maintaining long-term soil quality through stabilized soil structure will be more easily identified.
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Haan, F. A. M. de, S. E. A. T. M. van der Zee, and W. H. van Riemsdijk. "The role of soil chemistry and soil physics in protecting soil quality: variability of sorption and transport of cadmium as an example." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 35, no. 3 (August 1, 1987): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v35i3.16730.

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Soil has many functions in sustaining life. The prerequisite conditions for proper soil functioning may be expessed in terms of quality. Chemical quality of soil is predominantly determined by behaviour of compounds in soil. Compound behaviour is the result of the interactions of properties of the compounds and of the soil system under consideration. These can satisfactorily be described by applying methodical rules as derived in soil chemistry and soil physics. This is elaborated with examples referring to the static situation prevailing at adsorptive equilibrium, and to the dynamic situation of compound displacement in soil. The variability of soil properties appears to be of major concern. In these examples, attention is limited to the behaviour of cadmium in soil. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
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Uehara, Goro, and Gavin Gillman. "The Mineralogy, Chemistry, and Physics of Tropical Soils with Variable Charge Clays." Soil Science 139, no. 4 (April 1985): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198504000-00019.

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&NA;. "Physical Chemistry of Paddy Soils." Soil Science 146, no. 3 (September 1988): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198809000-00017.

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Curtin, D., H. Steppuhn, F. Selles, and A. R. Mermut. "Sodicity in irrigated soils in Saskatchewan: Chemistry and structural stability." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 75, no. 2 (May 1, 1995): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss95-025.

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Irrigation with sodic waters may damage soil structure, but neither the processes involved nor the critical levels of exchangeable Na have been well defined for prairie soils. We examined two irrigated soils from southern Saskatchewan on which sodicity damage had occurred to determine the processes and the chemical conditions (exchangeable Na and electrolyte concentration) that cause structural damage. Dispersion of clays in the upper 20 cm of the profile seemed to be the primary cause of structural deterioration. Examination of irrigated soil by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that sand- and silt-size grains were stripped of binding colloidal particles and that large pore spaces had formed, creating very loose aggregates. In one of the soils, physical instability was observed at an exchangeable-Na percentage (ESP) of only about 10%, indicating that some soils in Saskatchewan are relatively sensitive to sodicity. With a 1:5 (wt vol−1) soil/water extract, the electrical conductivity (EC) needed to prevent clay dispersion when soil suspensions were mechanically agitated was about 0.2 dS m−1 in the absence of Na, increasing to 1.5–2 dS m−1 at a sodium adsorption ratio of 20 (mmolc L−1)0.5. Sodic conditions greatly altered soil chemical behavior, with the most sodic soil having an extremely high level of water-extractable P. In a laboratory experiment, addition of Ca (as CaCl2 or gypsum) to replace Na reduced water-extractable P from 78 mg kg−1 to less than 20 mg kg−1. The effect of sodicity on P solubility was likely due to a decrease in surface electrostatic potential as exchangeable Na increased. Increased solubility of P along with the potential for runoff and erosion from Na-affected soils could result in increased inputs of P to surface waters. Key words: Sodicity hazard, clay disperson, phosphate solubility
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

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Chan, Wing-ho Michael. "Characteristics and genesis of soils in Hong Kong's Fung Shui woodlands." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2275362X.

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Phillips, Katherine Reece. "Sol-Gel Chemistry of Inverse Opals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493452.

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Controlling nano to microscale structuration enables one to alter a material’s optical, wetting, mechanical, and chemical properties. Structuration on this scale can be formed from spherical building blocks; in particular, monodisperse, spherical colloids assemble into crystals that can be used to template an ordered, porous structure known as an inverse opal. The structure’s porosity and periodicity provide control over both light (photonic effects) and fluid flow (wetting effects). Controlling the composition allows chemical functionality to be added to the ordered, porous structure. Inverse opals are widely used in many applications that take advantage of these properties, including optical, wetting, sensing, catalytic, and electrode applications; however, high quality structures are necessary to maintain consistent properties. Many of their properties stem from the structure itself, so controlling inverse opals’ structure (including the local composition) provides the ability to control their properties, with the potential to improve some applications and potentially enable additional ones. This thesis explores how molecular precursors can be used to control colloidal assembly and therefore alter the optical and wetting properties of high quality inverse opals. Using a bio-inspired approach, highly ordered, crack-free, silica inverse opals can be grown by co-assembling the colloidal template with a sol-gel matrix precursor using evaporation-induced self-assembly. Using sol-gel chemistry, the size, shape, and charge of the precursor can be controlled, which can be used to tune the colloidal assembly process. Here, we use the sol-gel chemistry of the precursors to control both the morphology and composition of these photonic structures. In particular, temperature-induced condensation of the silica sol-gel matrix alters the shape of an inverse opal’s pores (Chapter 2), and silica and titania precursors can be mixed to make hybrid oxide structures (Chapter 3). Additionally, rationally designed precursors enable the fabrication of crack-free inverse opals in materials beyond silica, which we show for titania as a proof-of-concept (Chapter 4). By controlling the structure and composition with sol-gel chemistry, we can tailor both the optical and wetting properties, as discussed in the second part of each chapter; these properties have important effects for the various applications. In this way, sol-gel chemistry can be used to assemble inverse opals with complex functionality.
Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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Morais, Tatiane Pereira Santos [UNESP]. "Avaliação dos atributos do solo sob diferentes ocupações na microbacia hidrográfica do córrego da Fazenda Glória Em Taquaritinga (SP)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100854.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-04-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:02:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 morais_tps_dr_jabo.pdf: 2309839 bytes, checksum: 569e9c63fdd407d8d6572edfd8cbcf0f (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A retirada da cobertura vegetal original e a implantação de áreas de pastagem e canade- açúcar, com práticas de manejo inadequadas, acarretam modificações nas propriedades químicas, físicas e biológicas dos solos, com limitações na utilização agrícola e susceptibilidade à erosão. Assim, estudos dos processos físicos e químicos são importantes para avaliar as mudanças de origem natural ou antrópica sobre os meios. O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar os atributos químicos e físicos de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo em três microbacias hidrográficas, em áreas de vegetação nativa, pastagem e cana-de-açúcar bem como analisar a ocorrência das áreas de maior escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, maior predisposição ao processo erosivo nas microbacias. A área de estudo compreendeu a microbacia hidrográfica do Córrego da Fazenda Glória, Município de Taquaritinga, Estado de São Paulo. Para a amostragem do solo foi realizada a caracterização do volume superficial, e essas amostras foram coletadas na superfície das vertentes das microbacias e em cada uso/ocupação selecionado. Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados por meio da comparação de médias para o teste de Tukey a 5%. A partir das curvas de nível da carta topográfica e dos pontos levantados com receptor geodésico de navegação com metodologia diferencial foi gerado uma malha de pontos georreferenciados em cada microbacia, para gerar o modelo numérico do terreno a partir da incorporação dos divisores de água e da rede de drenagem. As avaliações dos atributos físicos e químicos dos solos nas microbacias hidrográficas e em diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação demonstraram uma diferença significativa entre as áreas. O manejo do solo alterou os atributos químicos e físicos com impacto nas camadas superficiais do solo. A matéria orgânica foi um dos atributos mais sensíveis...
The removal of original vegetation cover and the deployment of pastures and sugarcane, with inadequate management practices, cause changes in the chemical, physical and biological properties of soils, with limitations on agricultural use and susceptibility to erosion. Thus, studies of physical and chemical processes are important to assess changes of natural development or anthropic on the means. The study was conducted to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of a Ultisol in three watersheds, in areas of native vegetation, pasture and sugarcane, as well as, analyze the occurrence of the areas of greatest runoff and, consequently, greater predisposition to erosive processes in watersheds. The study area was the Córrego da Fazenda Glória watershed, Municipality of Taquaritinga, State of São Paulo. Soil sampling was performed to characterize the superficial volume, and these samples were collected on the surface of the watersheds and in three different land use selected. The results obtained were evaluated by the comparison of averages for the Tukey test at 5%. From the curves in a topographical map and from points collected with geodetic navigation receiver in a differential methodology was generated a digital elevation method in each watersheds. The assessments of physical and chemical attributes of soils in hydrographic watersheds and different land uses demonstrated a significant difference between the areas. Soil management altered the chemical and physical attributes impact in the soil superficial layers. The organic matter was one of the attributes more sensitive to changes due to agricultural practices. The digital terrain model showed a great potential, considering the scale of study of watersheds; and can help in spatial planning, urban and regional planning and zoning
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Chan, Yinthai. "The physics and chemistry of semiconductor nanocrystals in sol-gel derived optical microcavities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36253.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2006.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
The incorporation of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) into sol-gel derived matrices presents both novel applications as well as a robust platform in which to investigate the nonlinear optical properties of NCs. This thesis summarizes our present understanding of the chemistry of the incorporation process and the applications and underlying optical physics that was gleaned from studying these NC-doped sol-gel structures. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of NC-doped core-shell silica microsphere composites of tunable size and emission wavelength, as well as their subsequent use for in-vivo imaging of blood vessels. This chapter illustrates how an appreciation of the kinetics of the Stober process allowed for the achievement of highly monodisperse microsphere composites with a uniform incorporation of NCs. Chapter 3 reviews the requirements for achieving stimulated emission in CdSe NCs and details the development of NC-based lasers through sol-gel derived microcavities, from distributed feedback (DFB) grating structures to spherical microresonators exhibiting whispering-gallery mode lasing. Chapter 4 compares and explicates the differences between silica and titania as host matrices for NCs in terms of their chemical stability in the presence of solvents.
(cont.) This chapter explores the possibility of integrating NC-based microcavity lasers with microfluidic networks, thus providing the potential to dynamically tune the optical properties of the laser through interaction with different solvent environments on a miniaturized scale. Extension of the spectral window of NC-based gain media is discussed in Chapter 5, where extremely fast non-radiative Auger relaxation processes encountered in blue-emitting CdSe NCs may be circumvented by employing an alternative semiconductor NC, CdS/ZnS. Through judicious chemistry CdS/ZnS NCs may be uniformly incorporated into a sol-gel derived microcavity to provide room temperature lasing at blue wavelengths. Finally, our investigation into the optical physics of NCs in sol-gel derived microcavities is summarized in Chapter 6, which describes our observation of stimulated emission from multiexcitonic states in CdSe/ZnS NCs incorporated into a titania matrix. We employ transient photoluminescence to optically characterize the emission from these multiexcitonic states, which we attribute to 1P3/2-1Pc transitions. A DFB structure is introduced onto the CdSe/ZnS-titania composite to facilitate simultaneous lasing at two distinct wavelengths.
by Yinthai Chan.
Ph.D.
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Chorom, Mostafa. "Behaviour of alkaline sodic soils and clays as influenced by pH and particle change." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc551.pdf.

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Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Bibliography: leaves 173-196. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the factors affecting swelling and dispersion of alkaline sodic soils containing lime and the ways to manage these soils to improve their physical condition. Studies on pure clay systems are included to understand the fundamental process involved in swelling and dispersion of pure and soil clays.
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Lawrence, Nathan David. "Soil Chemistry Analysis as an Effective Cultural Resource Management Tool: A Magical Mystery Tour." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626532.

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Suratwala, Tayyab Ishaq 1970. "Photostability of laser dyes in sol-gel-derived hosts." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290697.

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Improving the photostability of laser dyes within sol-gel derived hosts has been the focus of this study. To accomplish this, synthetic routes were established to incorporate laser dyes within various sol-gel matrices, the mechanisms of dye photodegradation were determined, and molecular engineering techniques were employed to improve the photostability of the dye doped sol-gel hosts. Various Coumarin (silylated and unsilylated) and Pyrromethene laser dyes were incorporated within sol-gel derived hosts ranging from SiO₂ xerogel films to SiO₂:PDMS Polyceram monoliths which were optically transparent, crack-free, and polishable. Processing parameters, such as the water content and the pre-hydrolysis of the silylated Coumarin dyes, greatly affected the degree of dye bonding. The chemical stability of the Pyrromethene laser dye was also greatly affected by processing parameters, such as the acid/base content. Both the Coumarin and Pyrromethene dyes were found to degrade by photo-oxidation processes. Therefore, it was expected that the photostability would improve by incorporating the dye molecules within molecular cages within the solid hosts, thereby preventing interactions of the dye with photo-reactive impurities such as oxygen. The photostability was found to improve using the following molecular engineering methods: (1) by covalently bonding the dye to the host matrix, where the photostability improvement was attributed to the greater probability of obtaining dye caging with the silylated dye; (2) by removing porosity within the host through control of sol-gel processing and composition, where the photostability improvement was attributed to the elimination of highly photo-reactive dyes located in the pores of the host; (3) by incorporating additives such as bases and hindered amine antioxidants which slowed the steps of the photodegradation process. The fluorescence photostability (fluorescence output intensity as a function of pump pulses) of the dye doped films and monoliths showed a characteristic behavior in the fluorescence output, signified by a rapid initial decay (attributed to dyes located within pores of the matrix) and then a slower long-term decay (attributed to photostable dye molecules located within SiO₂ cages). A model, which applied a Gaussian distribution of the photostabilities of the dye molecules, quantitatively described the observed photostability behavior of the dye doped samples.
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Muhammad, Husni J. "The physical and chemical characterisation of Iraqi and Spanish gypsiferous soils, with detailed studies on the chemistry of phosphorus." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314586.

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Santos, Caroline Valverde dos. "Classificação taxonômica e atributos físico-químicos de solos com usos em vitivinicultura na serra do sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/187271.

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O Estado do Rio Grande do Sul é responsável por 90% da produção nacional de uvas, sobretudo para a elaboração de vinhos finos. O município de Encruzilhada do Sul apresenta potencial edafoclimático ideal para a produção de uvas que abastecem grandes vinícolas da Serra Gaúcha. Entretanto o uso indiscriminado do solo pode resultar em uma degradação do solo. Este trabalho foi dividido em três estudos, que tiveram como objetivo Identificar as classes de solos ocorrentes no vinhedo, de acordo com a descrição morfológica e análise dos atributos químicos e físicos dos horizontes superficiais e subsuperficiais; Avaliar o efeito do manejo na qualidade química do solo de um vinhedo comercial, em áreas com 4, 9 e 16 anos de manejo após o plantio de videira da variedade Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir para a elaboração de espumantes; Avaliar o efeito do tráfego de máquinas agrícolas na qualidade física do solo de um vinhedo comercial com diferentes anos de condução após o plantio das mudas. Foram realizados análises de perfis de 8 trincheiras em campo e com análises laboratoriais. Foi realizado o estudo dos atributos químicos e físicos do solo utilizados como indicadores de qualidade do solo, para avaliar o efeito do manejo do vinhedo com 4, 9 e 16 anos de condução após o plantio das mudas. Para análise da qualidade química do solo foram coletadas amostras indeformadas do solo nas profundidades de 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 e 50-60 cm, em três repetições. Os atributos físicos do solo foram analisados nas mesmas áreas e profundidades, que foram coletadas no local de trafego do rodado (R), entre rodados (ER) e linha de plantio (LP). 80% da propriedade é constituída por Argissolos diversificados, além de Cambissolos, estes ideais para a cultura da videira. Além desses solos, foi identificado na propriedade a presença de Gleissolo, que não são recomendados para o cultivo devido ao seu caráter hidromórfico. Pode-se observar uma redução na acidez do solo e incremento da fertilidade devido ao histórico de cultivo do vinhedo. Para a análise dos indicadores de qualidade física do solo, foram coletadas amostras do solo nas mesmas profundidades, em três locais na entrelinha: entre rodados, rodados e linha de plantio. A área com 16 anos de condução após o plantio apresentou maior efeito do uso de máquinas no vinhedo, sobretudo na posição de tráfego dos rodados do trator, afetando seriamente a qualidade física devido à compactação e baixa infiltração de água no solo.
The State of Rio Grande do Sul is responsible for 90% of the national production of grapes, mainly for the elaboration of fine wines. The municipality of Encruzilhada do Sul presents ideal edafoclimatic potential for the production of grapes that supply large wineries in the Serra Gaúcha. However the indiscriminate use of the soil can result in a degradation of the soil. This work was divided into three studies, which aimed to identify the soil classes occurring in the vineyard, according to the morphological description and analysis of the chemical and physical attributes of the superficial and subsurface horizons; To evaluate the effect of the management on the chemical quality of the soil of a commercial vineyard in areas with 4, 9 and 16 years of management after planting Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir for the preparation of sparkling wines; To evaluate the effect of the traffic of agricultural machines on the physical quality of the soil of a commercial vineyard with different years of driving after planting the seedlings. Analyzes of profiles of 8 trenches were carried out in the field and with laboratory analyzes. The study of soil chemical and physical attributes used as soil quality indicators was carried out to evaluate the effect of vineyard management at 4, 9 and 16 years of age after planting the seedlings. For the analysis of soil chemical quality, undisturbed soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 and 50-60 cm in three replicates. The physical attributes of the soil were analyzed in the same areas and depths, which were collected in the traffic site of the wheel tracks of the tractor (WT), between the wheel tracks (BWT), and in the area under the line projection of the canopy (CLP). 80% of the property consists of diversified Argissolos, in addition to Cambisols, these are ideal for vine growing. In addition to these soils, the presence of Gleissolo was identified in the property, which are not recommended for cultivation due to its hydromorphic character. A reduction in soil acidity and an increase in fertility can be observed due to the vineyard's cultivation history. For the analysis of soil physical quality indicators, soil samples were collected at the same depths, at three sites in the interline: between rounds, rounds and planting line. The area with 16 years of driving after planting showed a greater effect of the use of machines in the vineyard, especially in the traffic position of tractor wheels, seriously affecting the physical quality due to compaction and low infiltration of water in the soil.
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Morais, Tatiane Pereira Santos. "Avaliação dos atributos do solo sob diferentes ocupações na microbacia hidrográfica do córrego da Fazenda Glória Em Taquaritinga (SP) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100854.

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Orientadora: Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra
Banca: Renato Farias do Valle Junior
Banca: Sérgio Campos
Banca: José Frederico Centurion
Banca: João Antonio Galbiatti
Resumo: A retirada da cobertura vegetal original e a implantação de áreas de pastagem e canade- açúcar, com práticas de manejo inadequadas, acarretam modificações nas propriedades químicas, físicas e biológicas dos solos, com limitações na utilização agrícola e susceptibilidade à erosão. Assim, estudos dos processos físicos e químicos são importantes para avaliar as mudanças de origem natural ou antrópica sobre os meios. O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar os atributos químicos e físicos de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo em três microbacias hidrográficas, em áreas de vegetação nativa, pastagem e cana-de-açúcar bem como analisar a ocorrência das áreas de maior escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, maior predisposição ao processo erosivo nas microbacias. A área de estudo compreendeu a microbacia hidrográfica do Córrego da Fazenda Glória, Município de Taquaritinga, Estado de São Paulo. Para a amostragem do solo foi realizada a caracterização do volume superficial, e essas amostras foram coletadas na superfície das vertentes das microbacias e em cada uso/ocupação selecionado. Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados por meio da comparação de médias para o teste de Tukey a 5%. A partir das curvas de nível da carta topográfica e dos pontos levantados com receptor geodésico de navegação com metodologia diferencial foi gerado uma malha de pontos georreferenciados em cada microbacia, para gerar o modelo numérico do terreno a partir da incorporação dos divisores de água e da rede de drenagem. As avaliações dos atributos físicos e químicos dos solos nas microbacias hidrográficas e em diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação demonstraram uma diferença significativa entre as áreas. O manejo do solo alterou os atributos químicos e físicos com impacto nas camadas superficiais do solo. A matéria orgânica foi um dos atributos mais sensíveis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The removal of original vegetation cover and the deployment of pastures and sugarcane, with inadequate management practices, cause changes in the chemical, physical and biological properties of soils, with limitations on agricultural use and susceptibility to erosion. Thus, studies of physical and chemical processes are important to assess changes of natural development or anthropic on the means. The study was conducted to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of a Ultisol in three watersheds, in areas of native vegetation, pasture and sugarcane, as well as, analyze the occurrence of the areas of greatest runoff and, consequently, greater predisposition to erosive processes in watersheds. The study area was the Córrego da Fazenda Glória watershed, Municipality of Taquaritinga, State of São Paulo. Soil sampling was performed to characterize the superficial volume, and these samples were collected on the surface of the watersheds and in three different land use selected. The results obtained were evaluated by the comparison of averages for the Tukey test at 5%. From the curves in a topographical map and from points collected with geodetic navigation receiver in a differential methodology was generated a digital elevation method in each watersheds. The assessments of physical and chemical attributes of soils in hydrographic watersheds and different land uses demonstrated a significant difference between the areas. Soil management altered the chemical and physical attributes impact in the soil superficial layers. The organic matter was one of the attributes more sensitive to changes due to agricultural practices. The digital terrain model showed a great potential, considering the scale of study of watersheds; and can help in spatial planning, urban and regional planning and zoning
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Books on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

1

Bonneau, Maurice. Constituants et propriétés du sol. 2nd ed. Paris: Masson, 1994.

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Khitrov, N. B. Ustoĭchivostʹ pochv k estestvennym i antropogennym vozdeĭstvii︠a︡m: Tezisy dokladov Vserossiĭskoĭ konferent︠s︡ii, 24-25 apreli︠a︡ 2002 g., Moskva : posvi︠a︡shchaetsi︠a︡ 75-letii︠u︡ Pochvennogo instituta im. V.V. Dokuchaeva. Moskva: Pochvennyĭ institut im. V.V. Dokuchaeva RASKhN, 2002.

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Marutzky, Sammy J. Comparison of in-situ and laboratory measurement methods for radium-226 in soils. Grand Junction, Colo: Office of Remedial Action and Waste Technology, 1986.

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Attia, Yosry A. Sol-Gel Processing and Applications. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994.

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Larios, Liborio Fenech. Física y química de suelos: Una recopilación sintética. Baja California Sur]: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Area Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Departamento de Agronomía, 1993.

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Andrén, Olof. Spatial variation of soil physical and chemical properties in an arable field with high clay content. Uppsala: Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för ekologi och miljövård, 1990.

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Worona, Mikołaj. Agrofizyczny efekt doprawiania gleby. Szczecin: Wydawn. Akademii Rolniczej w Szczecinie, 1990.

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W, Scherer George, ed. Sol-gel science: The physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing. Boston: Academic Press, 1990.

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Kuzʹmin, Vitaliĭ Andrii︠a︡novich. Geokhimii︠a︡ pochv i︠u︡ga Vostochnoĭ Sibiri. Irkutsk: Izd-vo In-ta geografii SO RAN, 2005.

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F, Fisher Richard, ed. Properties and management of forest soils. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

1

Blake, George R., Gary C. Steinhardt, X. Pontevedra Pombal, J. C. Nóvoa Muñoz, A. Martínez Cortizas, R. W. Arnold, Randall J. Schaetzl, et al. "Physical Chemistry." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 555–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_435.

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McLaren, A. D., and G. H. Peterson. "Physical Chemistry and Biological Chemistry of Clay Mineral-Organic Nitrogen Complexes." In Soil Nitrogen, 259–84. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr10.c6.

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Sparks, D. L., and P. M. Huang. "Physical Chemistry of Soil Potassium." In Potassium in Agriculture, 201–76. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1985.potassium.c9.

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Bourrié, Guilhem. "Physico-chemistry of the Soil-Water System." In Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 3, 1–52. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119438045.ch1.

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Tunega, Daniel, Adelia J. A. Aquino, Georg Haberhauer, Martin H. Gerzabek, and Hans Lischka. "Hydrogen Bonds And Solvent Effects In Soil Processes: A Theoretical View." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 321–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8270-2_12.

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Low, Philip F. "Mineralogical Aspects of Future Research in Soil Physical Chemistry." In Future Developments in Soil Science Research, 529–37. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1987.futuredevelopmentssoil.c57.

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Pomogailo, Anatolii D., and Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva. "Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Nanocomposites Formation." In Nanostructured Materials Preparation via Condensation Ways, 141–203. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2567-8_4.

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Taylor, Susan, Katerina Dontsova, and Marianne Walsh. "Insensitive Munitions Formulations: Their Dissolution and Fate in Soils." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 407–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59208-4_12.

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Dontsova, Katerina, and Susan Taylor. "High Explosives and Propellants Energetics: Their Dissolution and Fate in Soils." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 373–406. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59208-4_11.

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Doss, C. J., A. G. Kallianos, A. L. Ritter, and R. Zallen. "Raman Studies of Nanocrystalline AIO(OH) Prepared by Sol-Gel Techniques." In Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems: From Clusters to Crystals, 907–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2645-0_120.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

1

Beavers, J. A., and R. G. Worthingham. "The Influence of Soil Chemistry on SCC of Underground Pipelines." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27146.

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High-pH stress corrosion cracking (SCC) failures of underground pipelines have occurred in a wide variety of soils, covering a range in color, texture, and pH. No single characteristic has been found to be common to all of the soil samples. Similarly, the compositions of the water extracts from the soils have not shown any more consistency than the physical descriptions of the soils. On several occasions, small quantities of electrolytes have been obtained from beneath disbonded coatings near locations where high-pH stress corrosion cracks were detected. The principle components of the electrolytes were carbonate and bicarbonate ions and it is now recognized that a concentrated carbonate-bicarbonate environment is responsible for this form of cracking. Much of this early research focused on the anions present in the soils and electrolytes. This paper summarizes the results of analyses of soil and electrolyte data in which the relationship between the cations and the occurrence of high-pH and near-neutral pH SCC were evaluated.
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Zaugg, Thomas C., Brian D. Fabes, Lori Weisenbach, and Brian J. Zelinski. "Waveguide formation by laser irradiation of sol-gel coatings." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50198.

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Klein, Lisa C. "Sol-gel overview: transparent, microporous silica, its synthesis and characterization." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50195.

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Banash, Mark A., J. Brian Caldwell, Tessie M. Che, Robert M. Mininni, Paul R. Soskey, Victor N. Warden, and Edward J. A. Pope. "Gradient-index fiber-optic preforms by a sol-gel method." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50196.

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Schmidt, Helmut K., Herbert Krug, Reiner Kasemann, and Frank Tiefensee. "Development of optical waveguides by sol-gel techniques for laser patterning." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50199.

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Haruvy, Yair, Adam Heller, and Stephen E. Webber. "Supported sol-gel thin-film glasses embodying laser dyes II: three-layered waveguide assemblies." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50202.

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Mennig, Martin, Helmut K. Schmidt, and Claudia Fink-Straube. "Synthesis and properties of sol-gel-derived AgClxBr1-x colloid containing sodium alumo borosilicate glasses." In Submolecular Glass Chemistry and Physics, edited by Phillip Bray and Norbert J. Kreidl. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.50217.

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Kazemi, Zahra, Ahmad Jalalian, Nasser Honarjo, Ali Rezainejad, and Shamsalah Ayoubi. "The effect of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation on the soil physical properties." In 2010 International Conference on Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (ICCCE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccceng.2010.5560426.

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Asri, Mahanani Tri, Tarzan Purnomo, Yuliani Yuliani, Fida Rachmadiarti, and Evie Ratnasari. "Soil Physic and Chemistry Characteristics on Pesticide Application of Soybean Land in Jombang, Lamongan and Probolinggo." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icst-18.2018.17.

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Parlikar, R. R., R. R. Chilwar, A. P. Keche, Rani Dudhal, A. V. Raut, and K. M. Jadhav. "Glycine assisted sol-gel synthesis and structural analysis of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles." In NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS: NCPCM2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0061127.

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Reports on the topic "Soil physics and chemistry"

1

LeGrand, Sandra, Christopher Polashenski, Theodore Letcher, Glenn Creighton, Steven Peckham, and Jeffrey Cetola. The AFWA dust emission scheme for the GOCART aerosol model in WRF-Chem v3.8.1. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41560.

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Airborne particles of mineral dust play a key role in Earth’s climate system and affect human activities around the globe. The numerical weather modeling community has undertaken considerable efforts to accurately forecast these dust emissions. Here, for the first time in the literature, we thoroughly describe and document the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission scheme for the Georgia Institute of Technology–Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol model within the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and compare it to the other dust emission schemes available in WRF-Chem. The AFWA dust emission scheme addresses some shortcomings experienced by the earlier GOCART-WRF scheme. Improved model physics are designed to better handle emission of fine dust particles by representing saltation bombardment. WRF-Chem model performance with the AFWA scheme is evaluated against observations of dust emission in southwest Asia and compared to emissions predicted by the other schemes built into the WRF-Chem GOCART model. Results highlight the relative strengths of the available schemes, indicate the reasons for disagreement, and demonstrate the need for improved soil source data.
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Onishi, Y., H. C. Reid, and D. S. Trent. Dilution physics modeling: Dissolution/precipitation chemistry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/109665.

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Greenbaum, E. (The physics and chemistry of microalgal photosynthesis). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5622196.

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Va'vra, Jaroslav. Physics and Chemistry of Aging - Early Developments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798985.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833610.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833612.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, K. G. Karthikeyan, A. Vairavamurthy, and R. Jeff Serne. Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833614.

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Hellwig, Helmut. Physics, chemistry and engineering in the 1990's. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.90-4284.

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Klots, C. E. (Physics and chemistry of van der Waals particles). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6608231.

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Karl T. Mueller, Don Chorover, Peggy O'Day, R. Jeff Serne, Garry Crosson, Geoffrey Bowers, and Nelson Rivera. Collboration: Interfacial Soil Chemistry of Radionuclides in the Unsaturated Zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896844.

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