Dissertations / Theses: 'Soil pollution'

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Dove, Jonathan Thomas Barnett Mark O. "Mercury immobilization by subsurface reactive barriers." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1901.

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Toccalino, Patricia. "Optimization of hydrocarbon biodegradation in a sandy soil /." Full text open access at:, 1992. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,192.

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Bhandari, Alok. "Soil washing and post-wash biological treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020018/.

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Payne, Rosara Faith. "Investigation of radiological contamination of soil samples from Idaho National Laboratory." Diss., Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2006/r%5Fpayne%5F053106.pdf.

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Williamson, Derek Guthrie. "Relating release and biodegradation kinetics in soils containing aged mixtures of hydrocarbons /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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6

STETZENBACH, LINDA DALE ALLEN. "THE DEGRADATION AND UTILIZATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY INDIGENOUS SOIL BACTERIA (NAPHTHALENE, FLUORENE, ANTHRACENE, PYRENE)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183810.

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The persistance of industrially derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the subsurface may be significantly affected by the metabolism of soil bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the ability of indigenous soil bacteria to decrease the concentration of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, fluorene, anthracene, and pyrene) and to utilize the compounds as a substrate for growth. Soil cores from petroleum contaminated and non-contaminated sites contained 10⁵ - 10⁷ viable microorganisms per gram dry weight of soil. Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria predominated. Decreases in the concentration of the four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were observed during incubation with bacterial isolates in aqueous suspension by the use of high performance liquid chromatography. Corresponding increases in bacterial numbers indicated utilization of the compounds as a carbon source. Soil samples from the contaminated sites contained greater numbers of bacteria utilizing anthracene and pyrene than soil samples from non-contaminated sites. Degradation rates of the four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were related to the compound, its concentration, and the bacterium. Biodegradation of pyrene was positively correlated with the presence of oxygen. Pyrene was biodegraded by an Acinetobacter sp. under aerobic conditions but not under anaerobic or microaerophilic conditions. Studies with radiolabeled ¹⁴C-anthracene demonstrated utilization of the labeled carbon as a source of carbon by viable bacterial cells in aqueous suspension. Incorporation of ¹⁴C into cellular biomass however was not observed during incubation of ¹⁴C-anthracene in soil.

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Anunike, Chidinma. "Deployment of calcium polysulphide for the remediation of chromite ore processing residue." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227912.

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Chromium contamination of groundwater and soils continues to pose a major environmental concern. Soils may have become contaminated with chromium through former industrial activities geochemical enrichment. The nature of the industrial activity will determine the form and concentration of the chromium as well as the presence of co-contaminants and the pH and redox of the soil. Chemical reductants have been widely used for the transformation of hexavalent chromium in the environment. Over recent decades attention focused on the chemical reductant calcium polysulphide which has performed effectively in the treatment of groundwater and soil samples contaminated with Cr(VI). Yet a detailed understanding of calcium polysulphide (CaSx) performance has not yet been established. Hexavalent chromium concentrations in aqueous and groundwater samples were significantly reduced by calcium polysulphide and CaSx:chromate molar ratio of 1.5 was sufficient to prevent partitioning of Cr(VI) into solution and to precipitate the solution phase. Calcium polysulphide was used for the remediation of solid chromite ore processing residue (COPR) samples. Prior to the application of calcium polysulphide to COPR, each of the key steps were optimized. A range-finding experiment was conducted to understand the dosage and treatment regime at which Cr(VI) immobilization within COPR was optimal. The results indicated that unsaturated deployment of CaSx into the medium outperformed that in saturated systems. A higher polysulphide amendment dose of 5% w/v concentration enhanced the final treatment of Cr(VI) within COPR. The toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) over Cr(III) requires a technique capable of discriminating between valencies. The EPA Method 7196A specifically quantifies the concentrations of Cr(VI) in environmental samples and was used for all analysis to differentiate between Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Cr(III) was calculated as the difference between the Cr(VI) and Cr-total concentrations. In addition to the EPA 7196A, a novel ion exchange resin (IER) procedure was developed to differentiate the two species of chromium. After optimisation, Amberlite resins IRA 400 and IR-120 were used for the specific sorption and subsequent analysis of aqueous Cr(VI) and Cr(III) solutions. For the selective removal of chromate from groundwater, waste water and soil samples, Amberlite IRA 400 achieved a consistent performance of >97% removal in a range of trials. The IERs in this work were applied as analytical tools however they could be applied as remediation tools. While aqueous treatment of chromium contaminated media using CaSx was very successful, COPR treatment proved to be difficult due to the complex nature of the system. An understanding of stoichiometric responses to CaSX has been established, but the nuances of soil physicochemical interactions require more thorough investigation.

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Tsang, Chiu Wa. "Nonequilibrium transport of heavy metals in soils and its influence on soil remediation /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202006%20TSANG.

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Choi, Chung-ming. "Land contamination and its remediation methods : a case study in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14709156.

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10

Southern, Roger L. "The effects of oil spillages on soil fauna." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357081.

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Papanikolaou, Niki D. "Response of alpine heathland soils to environmental change and land management." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25204.

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12

Tadesse, Behailu. "Iron and manganese oxides in the soil-water environment." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6624.

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The importance of iron and manganese oxides in soil-water environments and their roles in controlling the availability and mobility of contaminants and nutrients are determined. Sorption is simulated using the synthetic iron and manganese oxides: goethite (a-FeOOH), birnessite (Na4Mn14O27.9H20a) nd magnetite (Fe304) which are analogous to natural soil components. Goethite is investigated in the three possible modes of occurrences in soil: colloidal, aggregate, and as coatings on inert materials. The adsorption of cadmium and cobalt onto goethite occurs in a narrow pH range between 6.5 and 7.5. Metal retention increased with both temperature and contact time. A tenfold decrease in ionic strength has no effect on the adsorption pH. Goethite pellets have a different pattern of adsorption due to reduction in surface area and granulation. The sorbing capacity of goethite coated sand is lower than that of the colloidal goethite but has a similar adsorption curve. The coated material is shown to have potential in industrial applications and notably in effluent treatment. Cobalt and cadmium uptake on to hydrated suspensions of birnessite occur in a pH range (3.0-8.0) with sigmoidal shapes for the percent of adsorption curves. Birnessite uptake capacity increases with increasing pH with a maximum at about 6.4 pH. The pH, contact time and the surface area of the oxide are the main factors that control the uptake. The adsorption of coloured species and organic colloids on magnetite was investigated in which magnetite is used both as an adsorbent and as magnetic material. Colour species and organic colloids adsorbed in acid pH and the adsorption decreases with increasing alkalinity. Dissolutions of the magnetite itself increases in low and high pH conditions. The results of investigations of sorption of contaminants and nutrients onto iron and manganese oxides have been applied to shed light upon the behaviour of contaminants and nutrients in soil in the light of soil resource management. The importance of a detailed understanding of contaminant and nutrient transport behaviour in soil-water systems to achieve effective environmental management is demonstrated. Although soil pollution is of major environmental concern, it is probably the least understood source of pollution in terms of both transport of contaminants and remediation. The studies carried out in this work have indicate the types of information required to permit the development of soil management and remediation protocols that will assist in technical management of issues related to soil resources. Detailed knowledge from experimental work must form the scientific basis for the development of contaminated soil assessment and management in an integrated approach.

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McGhee, Ilona. "Bioremediation and microbial activity of soil contaminated with pesticides." Thesis, University of Kent, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386119.

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Zhang, Bo. "Application and evaluation of bacterial biosensors to determine heavy metal bioavailability and assess ecological hazard of soils." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=168276.

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There are significant worries about the impact of heavy metal pollutants in soils during urbanisation and industrialisation in the developing world. Routine chemical analysis of soils is used to characterise the concentration of metals translocated by point source and diffuse actions. This fails to put in context the bioavailability or potency of these analytes. Biosensors offer a novel and direct method for hazard assessment of soils impacted with anthropogenic contamination. However, few significant examples of thorough applications of the biosensor in environment have been confirmed. This thesis makes use of comprehensively characterised biosensors for the applications to different environmental matrices. The objective was to apply and evaluate the performance of biosensors in determining the bioavailable fraction of heavy metals in the environment in conjunction with chemical analysis data. Both constitutively marked and metal induced biosensors were optimised and applied, but only the constitutively marked biosensor was responsive to a range of soils and elements of concern. As the matrix that the biosensors were exposed to became increasingly complex, the biosensors' performance became more difficult to interpret. For the metal induced biosensor, the response to standard aqueous samples was predictable as the relationship between chemical analysis data and biosensor predicted data was strong. By contrast, the performance of the metal induced biosensor was poor in soil samples which were historically contaminated (Chapter 9). This could become impacted by the soil characterisation, such as the presence of eo-contaminants, soil associated carbon or variations in soil pH. The constitutively-marked biosensors offered greater predictability of response and this is the reason why these are widely adopted in soil applications. Bacterial biosensors provide a useful tool for assessing the bioavailable fraction of analytes in soils and for complementing chemical analysis. If matrix matched control samples can be collected, then this technology can be applied to a wide range of contrasting soils with a suite of contaminants to aid in the development of generic soil hazard evaluation.

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15

Kennette, Debra. "The bioavailability of trace metals to soil invertebrates in urban contaminated soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/MQ44194.pdf.

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Flory, Quentin M. "Phytoremediation of a lead contaminated soil by selected green plants." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1294243.

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As human populations grow worldwide, there is an increasing need to address the problems associated with the creation and disposal of wastes. Although a variety of recent technologies have been shown to be somewhat effective in the remediation of metal contaminated soils, e.g., chemical extraction and stabilization, they are often expensive and labor-intensive. Additionally, these technologies can impart detrimental effects on the chemical and physical properties of the soil under treatment. As an alternative, the less expensive, more environmentally benign use of green plants as tools for the remediation of contaminated soils (phytoremediation) has been studied in recent years.The reported research activities studied the ability of a variety of green plants to extract lead (Pb), cadmium (Ca) and barium (Ba) from metal contaminated soil. Additionally, the researcher studied the degree to which the addition of the synthetic chelate diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) and dilute HNO3 affected: the phytoextraction of metals from contaminated soil; the translocation of these metals within study plants; and the effects that the treatments had on biomolecule production in Zea mays, Glycine max, Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus. A growth chamber study was also conducted to determine if several species of green plants (Ipomoea leptophylla, Lycopersicon esculentum, Capsicum annuum and Tagetes minuta) were capable of hyperaccumulating any of the metals present in the contaminated soil. Additionally, a leachate study was performed to determine the effects that DTPA and HNO3 had on soil Pb mobility rates.Samples were analyzed for Pb, Ca and Ba using FAAS and the data were further analyzed to determine universal measures of variance. While no plants showed overall significant (p=0.05) differences with regard to both treatment and plant part, all species were capable of both accumulating and distributing Pb from the contaminated soil; no plants were able to extract Ba from the soil; some plants extracted trace amounts of Cd in various plant parts. Significant (p=0.05) differences were measured in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid concentrations with regard to both plant and treatment. Results from the Pb mobility study showed significant (p=0.01) differences in Pb mobility with regard to both treatment and time.<br>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

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17

Al-Khafaju, Adil A. "The fate of fuel oil added to soil and its effect on soil properties." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244880.

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18

Jabeen, Nusrat. "The adsorption of herbicides and pesticides on clay and soil." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387470.

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19

Thakali, Sagar. "Terrestrial biotic ligand model (TBLM) for copper, and nickel toxicities to plants, invertebrates, and microbes in soils." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 2.00 Mb., 340 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3221133.

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20

Loverde, Laura Elizabeth. "Effect of rate-limited interfacial tension reductions on the displacement of residual NAPLs during surfactant flushing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19280.

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21

Puvaneswaran, Pathmadevy. "Agricultural sources for lake pollution : soil erosion in Slapton Ley catchment." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10240/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of soil erosion as a factor in lake pollution and in particular the transport of phosphorus from field soils to streams and lakes in association with mobile sediment. Four land uses were selected as representative of the Slapton Ley catchment area to investigate the levels of phosphorus in the soil. The surface soil samples from the selected land use areas were analysed to determine the water-soluble phosphorus level in solution and exchangeable phosphorus level in sediment. Twelve experimental plots were studied in order to assess the erosional effects of overland flow and thus to determine the level of phosphorus from different land uses which may be influencing the eutrophication of the lake. It was concluded that slope angle, vegetation cover, surficial soil properties, animal influence and agricultural practice are the main factors influencing sediment transportation by overland flow. Estimated results for the agricultural fields indicated that the actual phosphorus loss to the Ley is always greater in sediment than solution and actual phosphorus loss in sediment is greater in arable (root) and cereal than in grass. The point water samples (136) from 13 different sources were grouped. Mean value of phosphorus concentration from the point sources indicated that the agricultural land uses such as arable and cereal provide 2 times more exchangeable phosphorus attached to sediment than the other land uses whereas farm and sewage provided 5 times more soluble phosphorus in water than other sources. Phosphorus concentration during peak discharge was examined for the Cara catchment. The results indicated that the ratio of phosphorus concentration in suspended sediment to phosphorus concentration in water is 240: 0.3 and that there is a linear relationship between phosphorus in water and phosphorus in sediment during the peak discharge. Sediment phosphorus levels in the marsh area were also examined. The results indicated that the top layers of the marsh sediment particularly at the surface, have higher phosphorus concentration than the lower layers and that there are higher levels in sediment than in water. From these results the conclusion was drawn that the soluble phosphorus in water is at highest concentration in sewage works effluent. However this effluent contributes a small proportion of phosphorus load to the Ley compared with the arable (root), cereal and grass lands in the catchment. Agricultural sources, particularly arable sources such as root and cereal play an important role on soil erosion as a factor in lake pollution and in particular in the transport of phosphorus from field soils to streams and lakes in association with mobile sediment in the Slapton Ley catchment.

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22

Schmid, Susanne. "Aluminium-Spezies im Boden und ihre Mobilität /." Frankfurt/Main : Maraun, 1989. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=003844009&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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23

Arief, Ismail Shoieb Akaram. "Evaluation of biochar soil amendments in reducing soil and water pollution from pathogens in poultry manure." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117216.

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This project addresses concerns from the Canadian public about the quality of water in regions where many agricultural operations are located. Fecal coliforms are endemic in poultry and are difficult to eradicate from production facilities. Poultry manure is a reservoir of Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli (including O157:H7) and Salmonella spp. Biochar, the charcoal produced from pyrolysis of biomass, is gaining global recognition due to its unique properties when applied as a soil amendment. Biochar could play an important role in controlling the mobility of pathogens in soil and water environment. Its half-life is estimated to be hundreds of years so it is expected that its role in reducing agricultural pollution could be very long-lasting, and hence very cost-effective.In this study we investigated the effectiveness of biochar in preventing the leaching of fecal coliforms into surface water. The target organisms in this study were Escherichia coli (E .coli) and total coliform. E. coli is widely recognized as the indicator organism for presence of fecal coliform and total coliforms to determine disinfection rate. The study was divided into two components, namely laboratory study and field study.In laboratory study, the effectiveness of three different types of biochar (variation based on production temperature, time and raw material) in adsorption and desorption of E. coli was studied. In adsorption test, a comparative analysis was carried out to understand the differences between biochar, soil amended biochar (soil to biochar ratio of 99:1) and un-amended soil in the removal of E. coli. The statistical analysis showed the adsorption of E. coli was significantly higher in the soil amended biochar treatment. The soil amended biochar and the un-amended soil treatments were further subjected to desorption to test their retention capacity. The statistical analysis showed that two types of soil amended biochars (slow pyrolysis biochar and fast pyrolysis biochar) retained E. coli significantly better. The adsorption capacity of biochar was directly proportional to its porosity and inversely proportional to its ash content. The two types of soil amended biochar were shortlisted based on sorption and retention capacity and were used as treatments in the field study.A sixty-day study was conducted using field lysimeters to evaluate the effectiveness of soil amended biochar in removing or reducing the leaching of fecal coliforms (E. coli) from poultry manure. Lysimeter with only soil was used as control and the shortlisted biochars (slow pyrolysis biochar and fast pyrolysis biochar) were used as treatments. In the biochar-amended treatments, the top 0.05 m of soil was amended with biochar in a proportion of 1:99 biochar:soil. Poultry manure was spread over the soil in all lysimeters. The lysimeters were protected from natural rainfall, and the simulated rainfall was applied as 4 events over a sixty day period. Both soil (3 sampling depths) and leachate samples were collected and analyzed at predetermined time intervals. In the experiment, E. coli and total coliform were found to leach down through the soil profiles, and their concentrations decreased with soil depth and time. The statistical analysis of soil samples and leachate showed that the concentration of E. coli in the treatments at the three sampling depths and in the leachate were significantly different from control (P ≤ 0.05), which is attributed to the effectiveness of the treatments in reducing the leaching of fecal coliforms. However, the concentration of total coliforms was significant (P ≤ 0.05) on certain intervals and insignificant in the others; this can be attributed to already present total coliforms in the soil system and effectiveness of the treatments to hinder coliform transport. Soil biochar amendment was thus seen to be effective in reducing the leaching of fecal coliforms through soil profiles and providing fecal coliforms free leachate.<br>Ce projet répond aux préoccupations du public canadien au sujet de la qualité de l'eau dans les régions où de nombreuses exploitations agricoles sont présentes. Les coliformes fécaux sont endémiques chez les volailles et sont difficiles à éradiquer des sites de production. Le biochar, un charbon produit par pyrolyse de la biomasse, gagne de plus en plus de reconnaissance à l'échelle mondiale en raison de ses propriétés uniques lorsqu'il est utilisé comme amendement de sol. Sa demi-vie est estimée à des centaines d'années. Par conséquent, son rôle dans la réduction de la pollution agricole pourrait s'étendre sur une longue période.Dans cette étude, nous examinons l'efficacité du biochar dans la prévention de la lixiviation des coliformes fécaux dans l'eau de surface. Les organismes ciblés dans cette étude sont Escherichia coli (E coli.) et les coliformes totaux. E. coli est reconnu comme étant l'organisme indicateur de la présence de coliformes fécaux et les coliformes totaux comme étant révélateur du taux de désinfection. L'étude est composée de deux parties, l'une effectuée en laboratoire et l'autre sur le terrain.Dans l'étude en laboratoire, l'efficacité d'absorption et de désorption d'E. coli de trois différents types de biochar a été étudiée. Par le moyen de tests d'adsorption, une analyse comparative a été effectuée afin de déterminer la différence entre du biochar pur, un sol amendé par du biochar et un sol non-amendé dans leur efficacité d'élimination d'E. coli. Les analyses statistiques ont montré que le biochar comme amendement du sol joue un rôle important dans l'adsorption d'E. coli.Le sol amendé par du biochar et le sol non-amendé ont ensuite été soumis à un test de désorption afin de tester leur capacité de rétention. Les analyses statistiques ont démontré que deux types de sol amendés de biochar (l'un issu de la pyrolyse lente et l'autre de la pyrolyse rapide) retenaient E. coli. La capacité d'adsorption du biochar s'est révélée être directement proportionnelle à sa porosité et inversement proportionnelle à sa teneur en cendres. Les deux types de biochars ont été sélectionnés et utilisés comme traitements dans l'étude de terrain. L'étude de terrain a été réalisée sur des lysimètres pendant soixante jours afin d'évaluer l'efficacité du biochar dans l'élimination et la réduction du lessivage des coliformes fécaux (E. coli) venant du fumier de volaille. Le témoin contenait seulement du sol et le biochar sélectionné (l'un issu de la pyrolyse lente et l'autre de la pyrolyse rapide) a été utilisé comme traitement. Le biochar a été mélangé avec 5 cm de sol en partant de la surface (rapport de sol a biochar de 99:1). Le fumier de volaille a été répandu sur le sol dans tous les lysimètres. Les lysimètres ont été protégés de la pluie afin de simuler l'irrigation. L'irrigation a été simulée en 4 événements au cours des soixante jours. Le sol (3 profondeurs d'échantillonnage) et les échantillons de lixiviat ont été prélevés et analysés à des intervalles temporels prédéterminés. Dans cette étude, E. coli et les coliformes totaux se sont infiltrés à travers les profils de sol, et leurs concentrations ont diminués avec le temps et la profondeur du sol. Les analyses statistiques (P ≤ 0.05) des échantillons de sol et des lixiviats ont montré que la concentration d'E. coli dans les traitements aux trois profondeurs et dans le lixiviat étaient différente du contrôle, ce qui est attribué à l'efficacité des traitements de réduction du lessivage des coliformes fécaux. Cependant, la concentration de coliformes totaux était significatif (P ≤ 0.05) sur certains intervalles et insignifiant sur d'autres, ce qui peut être lié a une présence antérieure de coliformes totaux dans le sol et a l'efficacité des traitements qui suggèrent un taux de désinfection efficace. Le sol amendé de biochar a donc été considéré comme étant efficace dans la réduction du lessivage des coliformes fécaux a travers les profils de sol.

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24

Monteil, Oscar Vazquez. "Wastewater irrigation of crops : the influence of nitrogen on soil-plant interactions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303449.

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25

Guérin, Valérie. "Réactivité biophysicochimique d'un micropolluant organomercuriel en milieu poreux saturé." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL074N.

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Afin d'étudier les mécanismes élémentaires (physiques, chimiques et biologiques) responsables du transport de polluant en milieu poreux saturé, une démarche expérimentale a été mise en place. Notre étude porte sur un dérivé mercuriel le phényl acétate de mercure (PMA), transitant dans un milieu poreux majoritairement siliceux avec intervention d'une souche de pseudomonas fluorescens. Des essais batch (conditions statiques) permettent l'identification des mécanismes élémentaires. Les essais en colonne (conditions dynamiques) mettent en évidence les limitations de ces mécanismes élémentaires. La conduite d'essais expérimentaux en laboratoire et donc en conditions parfaitement contrôlées, permet d'évaluer le rôle et l'influence des caractéristiques du milieu pris séparément. Le but étant d'évaluer lors du transport d'un polluant en milieu poreux saturé, la part fixée à la phase solide (remobilisable ou non), la part fixée ou dégradée par les bactéries, en prenant en compte la fixité ou la mobilité de la phase bactérienne. Tout ceci en considérant l'influence de la vitesse d'écoulement, de la température, de la composition du milieu poreux et de la phase circulante. Parallèlement au travail expérimental, un code de calcul prenant en compte les phénomènes d'advection-dispersion mais également les réactions biophysicochimiques a été utilisé afin de simuler les résultats obtenus.

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26

Baron, Dirk. "Iron-chromate precipitates in CR(VI)-contaminated soils : identification, solubility, and solid solution/aqueous solution reactions." Full text open access at:, 1996. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,217.

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27

Sekhon, Bharpoor Singh. "Modeling of soil phosphorus sorption and control of phosphorus pollution with acid mine drainage floc." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2530.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 210 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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28

Hee, Calvin K. "Field scale phytoremediation trials of lead and cadmium-contaminated soil." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1314328.

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There is an ever-increasing need to address problems associated with the creation and disposal of wastes which result from human activities. Pb and Cd contamination is a common problem at many abandoned and uncontrolled commercial and industrial sites. Phytoremediation is one technology that can be employed to remove metals such as Pb from the soil. This study investigated the effectiveness of several plant and soil treatments on the uptake and retention of Pb and Cd by vegetation from contaminated soil at a Superfund site. Field plots were established and plant treatments included a mixture of grasses including Festuca, Poa. and Phleum; red clover (Trifolium Pratense); and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Soil treatments included a common NPK fertilizer, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and a mixture of EDTA and H2SO4 (EDTA+H2SO4). Trifolium tissue contained a greater quantity of Pb (182 mg Pb/kg tissue) than that of Poa (65 mg Pb/kg tissue). Cadmium concentration was similar in Poa and Trifolium tissue. ranging from 7.2 to 10.6 mg/kg tissue. Different soil treatments affected Pb levels found in plant tissue in order of effectiveness: H2SO4>EDTA>NPK>EDTA+H2SO4 The effects of soil treatments on Cd levels were similar to those for Pb with a difference of 0.1 mg Cd/kg tissue between EDTA and NPK treatments. Soil amendments differentially influenced Pb bioavailability and uptake, with H2SO4 exhibiting the greatest positive influence on Pb and Cd concentration in tissue. There was no correlation between the quantity of Pb and Cd up taken by vegetation at the site. The current study demonstrated the capability of common native plant species to grow on toxic and infertile soils, and the ability to uptake Pb and Cd to a limited degree. Regardless of tissue concentrations of Pb or Cd, Poa coverage at the site was generally dense. demonstrating the ability of Poa to become established on toxic soils and prevent soil erosion.<br>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

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Rana, Nadeem Ahmed. "A laboratory study on bioremediation of a diesel-contaminated fine-textured soil." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/MQ44253.pdf.

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Svendsen, Claus. "Earthworm biomarkers in terrestrial ecosystems." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326956.

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Kogbara, Reginald Baribor. "Process envelopes for and biodegradation within stabilised/solidified contaminated soils." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609546.

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Brierley, Euan. "Nitrogen transformations in an acid forest soil." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329579.

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Fallgren, Paul Harold. "Parameter-based models estimating microbial hydrocarbon-degrading activity in a diesel-contaminated soil." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1320951271&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Van, de Water James Gordon 1963. "Physical and chemical processes affecting forced ventilation of benzene and p-xylene in a desert soil." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277044.

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The rate at which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are removed from the vadose zone by forced ventilation may be reduced by slow micro-scale processes such as diffusion through intra-aggregate and pore water and slow reactions at sorption sites located at the soil-water interface. Column experiments using benzene and p-xylene were performed in order to simulate cleanup of VOC's in the vadose zone by forced ventilation. Analytical solutions of the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation coupled to mass transfer equations were fitted to the data. Parameter estimates were used in order to determine time scales of diffusion through water, desorption from, and sorption to, soil organic matter. Lower limits for the time scales for these processes were calculated to be on the order of minutes. Results indicate that these micro-scale processes reduce the rate of removal on the laboratory scale but may have no effect on the field scale.

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Harrison, Adrian Briscoe. "Hydrocarbon pollution of soil : effects on microbial populations and biomediation methods." Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362025.

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Åkerblom, Staffan. "Anthropogenic heavy metals in organic forest soils : distribution, microbial risk assessment and Hg mobility /." Uppsala : Department of Environmental Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200667.pdf.

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Quinones, Casilda. "Influence of three organic solvents on soil microbial activity." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_420_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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38

Kuiken, Todd. "Mercury air/surface exchange over terrestrial background surfaces of the eastern USA and its policy implications : a dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online version, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=76&did=1394664171&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1255093439&clientId=28564.

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McIlwaine, Rebekka. "Sources and concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soils from Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707843.

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Vogdt, Joachim. "Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-172348/.

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Vidales, Contreras Juan Antonio. "Removal of viruses and pollution indicators in constructed wetlands." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280464.

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Tracer studies using Br⁻ and bacteriophage PRD1 in both surface and subsurface flow constructed wetlands were conducted to analyze their hydrodynamic behavior and efficiencies in removing viruses from wastewater. A survival test in situ was also conducted to analyze the persistency of PRD1 in wetland environments. Concurrently, a sampling program for microbial and chemical indicators in the surface flow wetland for a period of 16 months was conducted. The tracer studies revealed a reduction of 99 and 84 percent in the subsurface and surface flow wetland, respectively. Bromide recovery at the outlet of both wetland systems was about 75 percent. The Convective-Dispersion Equation was able to predict the observed PRD1 and Br⁻ breakthrough curves obtained during the tracer study in the surface flow wetland. The monitoring program of pollution indicators showed that biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids can be reduced efficiently, reaching the tertiary effluent standard of 10 mg L⁻¹ required by The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. This sampling program suggested that coliphages may be a better indicator of fecal contamination than total and fecal coliforms in surface flow wetlands.

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Lee, Jongchun. "Measurement uncertainty in contaminated land investigations related to analyte concentration and cost." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8589.

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Edwards, Robert. "The comparative metabolism and toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin in vertebrates." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37681.

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Holmes, Steven John. "Investigations into the occurrence, fate and behaviour of dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) in the environment at Bolsover, North Derbyshire and the relevance to human exposure." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250153.

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Green, Emma. "Pesticide policy changes in the European Union." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295879.

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Kavanagh, Peter. "Impacts of high arsenic concentrations in South West England on human health and agriculture." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300619.

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Lazkian, Amir. "Diversity and metal tolerance of Rhizobium Leguminosarum BV. Viciae in soil contaminated with heavy metals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300781.

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Leighton, Rachel. "A combined plant-microbe system for the remediation of co-contaminated soils." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270204.

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Godun, Oleh Serhiyovich. "Generation of phosphorus bioavailability in runoff from a calcareous agricultural catchment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244141.

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Stone, David Marcus. "The behaviour of plutonium in artificially contaminated upland Welsh soils." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361177.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Soil pollution'

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