Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil temperature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Soil temperature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil temperature"

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HAYHOE, H. N., C. TARNOCAI, and L. M. DWYER. "SOIL MANAGEMENT AND VEGETATION EFFECTS ON MEASURED AND ESTIMATED SOIL THERMAL REGIMES IN CANADA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-007.

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Observations at sites in British Columbia, the Yukon, Manitoba and Nova Scotia over a range of soils, managements and vegetation were used to assess variation in soil temperature. The annual soil temperature regime was compared with estimates derived from a macroclimate model which was developed for mineral soils that are level, well to moderately well drained, and covered by short grass. In general, this study showed the dampening effect of vegetation cover on soil temperature and suggested the further dampening effect of an organic layer on the soil surface. However, soil temperatures for cultivated and grass sites were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05) from the estimates made using the macroclimate model. In contrast, forested sites had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) colder soil temperatures than those estimated by the model. The mean annual and mean summer 0.50 m soil temperatures were, respectively, 1.3 and 3.2 °C colder than the corresponding estimates. Key words: Soil thermal regimes, estimation of soil temperature, mean annual soil temperature
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Davenport, Joan R., and Carolyn DeMoranville. "Temperature Influences Nitrogen Release Rates in Cranberry Soils." HortScience 39, no. 1 (February 2004): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.1.80.

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Native nitrogen is released when soils are mineralized. The amount of N released by this process depends on the amount of organic matter present and soil temperature. Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) grows in acidic soils with a wide range in organic matter content. To evaluate release of cranberry soil N at varied soil temperatures, intact soils were collected from sites that had received no fertilizer. Soils were cored and placed in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) columns 20 cm deep × 5 cm in diameter. Four different soil types, representing the array of conditions in cranberry soil (mineral, sanded organic, organic peat, and muck) were used. Additional columns of sand soil (pH 4.5) that had been pH adjusted to high (6.5) and low (3.0) were also prepared. Each column was incubated sequentially at six different temperatures from 10 to 24 °C (2.8 °C temperature intervals) for 3 weeks at each temperature, with the soils leached twice weekly to determine the amount of N release. The total amount of N in leachate was highest in the organic soils, intermediate in the sanded organic, and lowest in the sands. At the lowest temperature (10 °C), higher amounts of N were released in sanded organic and sand than in organic soils. This was attributed to a flush of mineralization with change in the aerobic status and initial soil warming. The degree of decomposition in the organic soils was important in determining which form of N predominated in the leachate. In the more highly decomposed soil (muck), most of the N was converted to nitrate. In the pH adjusted sand, high soil pH (6.5) resulted in an increase in nitrate in the leachate but no change in ammonium when compared to non-adjusted (pH 4.5) and acidified (pH 3.0) treatments. This study suggests that for cranberry soils with organic matter content of at least 1.5% little to no soil-applied fertilizer N is needed early in the season, until soil temperatures reach 13 °C. This temperature is consistent with the beginning of active nutrient uptake by roots. Soil N release from native organic matter was fairly consistent until soil temperatures exceeded 21 °C, indicating that when temperatures exceed 21 °C, planned fertilizer applications should be reduced, particularly in highly organic soils.
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Lugo-Camacho, Jorge L., Samuel J. Indorante, John M. Kabrick, and Miguel A. Muñoz. "Soil temperature variations between a Typic Fragiudults and a Typic Paleudults in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri." Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 105, no. 2 (August 19, 2022): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46429/jaupr.v105i2.20071.

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Soil temperature measurements from a Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) monitoring site in the Ozark Highlands Major Land Resource Area (MLRA 116A) were evaluated on landscapes comprising Typic Fragiudults (Scholten series) and Typic Paleudults (Poynor series). The five soil forming factors were similarfor both soils, with the major difference between the adjacent soils being a fragipan in the Scholten series. Air and soil temperatures were collected from a weather station of the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service near the border of the mesic soil temperature regime and udic soil moisture regime zone. The mean annual soil temperature observed in the Scholten soil (13.5° C) was0.5° C cooler than the mean annual soil temperature in the Poynor soil (14.0° C). This study showed little difference in mean soil temperatures between soiltypes from January to April and from August to December. During the months of May, June and July, the Poynor mean soil temperature was higher (by 1.1° C, 1.4° C and 1.2° C, respectively) than the Scholten mean soil temperature.According to this study, it is possible that the mean annual soil temperature of fragipan soils is cooler than adjacent soils with no fragipan properties. Thegreatest differences between mean soil temperature and mean air temperature were observed during the months of November (5.1° C for Scholten soil and 5.3°C for Poynor soil); December (5.0° C for Scholten soil and 4.9° C for Poynor soil); and January (4.5° C for Scholten soil and 4.4° C for Poynor soil). The smallestdifference was during the month of March (0° C for Scholten soil and 0.3° C for Poynor soil). This study also indicated that the mean annual soil temperature in the Ozark Highlands can vary by soil series depending on soil properties affecting heat transfer within pedons.
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Nichols, Dale S. "Temperature of upland and peatland soils in a north central Minnesota forest." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 493–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s96-030.

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Soil temperature strongly influences physical, chemical, and biological activities in soil. However, soil temperature data for forest landscapes are scarce. For 6 yr, weekly soil temperatures were measured at two upland and four peatland sites in north central Minnesota. One upland site supported mature aspen forest, the other supported short grass. One peatland site was forested with black spruce, one supported tall willow and alder brush, and two had open vegetation — sedges and low shrubs. Mean annual air temperature averaged 3.6 °C. Mean annual soil temperatures at 10- to 200-cm depths ranged from 5.5 to 7.6 °C among the six sites. Soils with open vegetation, whether mineral or peat, averaged about 1 °C warmer annually and from 2 to 3 °C warmer during summer than the forested soils. The tall brush peatland was cooler than all other sites due to strong groundwater inputs. The mineral soils warmed more quickly in the spring, achieved higher temperatures in the summer, and cooled more quickly in the fall than the peat soils; however, the greatest temperature differences between mineral and peat soils occurred at or below 50 cm. In the upper 20 cm, vegetation and groundwater had greater effects on temperature than did soil type (mineral or peat). Summer soil temperatures were higher, relative to air temperature, during periods of greater precipitation. This effect was minimal at upland sites but substantial in the peatlands. In spite of the persistent sub-freezing air temperatures typical of Minnesota winters, significant frost developed in the soils only in those years when severe cold weather arrived before an insulating cover of snow had accumulated. Key words: Soil temperature, vegetation effects, forest soils, groundwater, peatlands
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Skowera, Barbara, and Jakub Wojkowski. "RELATION OF SOIL TEMPERATURE WITH AIR TEMPERATURE AT THE JURASSIC RIVER VALLEY." Inżynieria Ekologiczna 18, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12912/23920629/65855.

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Liu, J., C. Geng, Y. Mu, Y. Zhang, and H. Wu. "Exchange of carbonyl sulfide (COS) between the atmosphere and various soils in China." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 6 (November 12, 2009): 10557–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-10557-2009.

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Abstract. Using a dynamic enclosure, the exchange fluxes of carbonyl sulfide (COS) between the atmosphere and 18 soils from 10 provinces in China were investigated. The emission or uptake of COS from the soils was highly dependent on the soil type, soil temperature, soil moisture, and atmospheric COS mixing ratio. In general, with the only exception being paddy soils, the soils in this investigation acted as sinks for atmospheric COS under wide ranges of soil temperature and soil moisture. Two intensively investigated wheat soils and one forest soil, had optimal soil temperatures for COS uptake of around 15°C, and the optimal soil water content varied from 13 to 58%. The two paddy soils, exponentially COS emission fluxes increased with increasing soil temperature, and decreased COS emission fluxes with increased soil water content. However, negligible emission was found when the paddy soils were under waterlogging status. The observed compensation points for various soils were different and increased significantly with soil temperature. The laboratory simulation agreed with the preliminary field measurements for the paddy soil in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province.
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Liu, J., C. Geng, Y. Mu, Y. Zhang, Z. Xu, and H. Wu. "Exchange of carbonyl sulfide (COS) between the atmosphere and various soils in China." Biogeosciences 7, no. 2 (February 25, 2010): 753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-753-2010.

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Abstract. Using a dynamic enclosure, the exchange rates of carbonyl sulfide (COS) between the atmosphere and 18 soils from 12 provinces in China were investigated. The emission or uptake of COS from the soils was highly dependent on the soil type, soil temperature, soil moisture, and atmospheric COS mixing ratio. In general, with the only exception being paddy soils, the soils in this investigation acted as sinks for atmospheric COS under wide ranges of soil temperature and soil moisture. Two intensively investigated wheat soils and one forest soil had optimal soil temperatures for COS uptake of around 15 °C, and the optimal soil water content varied from 13% to 58%. COS emission rates from the two paddy soils increased exponentially with increment of the soil temperature, and decreased with increasing the soil water content. However, negligible emission was found when the paddy soils were under waterlogging status. The observed compensation points for various soils were different and increased significantly with soil temperature. The laboratory simulation agreed with the preliminary field measurements for the paddy soil in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province.
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Guicharnaud, R., O. Arnalds, and G. I. Paton. "Short term changes of microbial processes in Icelandic soils to increasing temperatures." Biogeosciences 7, no. 2 (February 17, 2010): 671–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-671-2010.

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Abstract. Temperature change is acknowledged to have a significant effect on soil biological processes and the corresponding sequestration of carbon and cycling of nutrients. Soils at high latitudes are likely to be particularly impacted by increases in temperature. Icelandic soils experience unusually frequent freeze and thaw cycles compare to other Arctic regions, which are increasing due to a warming climate. As a consequence these soils are frequently affected by short term temperature fluctuations. In this study, the short term response of a range of soil microbial parameters (respiration, nutrient availability, microbial biomass carbon, arylphosphatase and dehydrogenase activity) to temperature changes was measured in sub-arctic soils collected from across Iceland. Sample sites reflected two soil temperature regimes (cryic and frigid) and two land uses (pasture and arable). The soils were sampled from the field frozen, equilibrated at −20 °C and then incubated for two weeks at −10 °C, −2 °C, +2 °C and +10 °. Respiration and enzymatic activity were temperature dependent. The soil temperature regime affected the soil microbial biomass carbon sensitivity to temperatures. When soils where sampled from the cryic temperature regime a decreasing soil microbial biomass was detected when temperatures rose above the freezing point. Frigid soils, sampled from milder climatic conditions, where unaffected by difference in temperatures. Nitrogen mineralisation did not change with temperature. At −10 °C, dissolved organic carbon accounted for 88% of the fraction of labile carbon which was significantly greater than that recorded at +10 °C when dissolved organic carbon accounted for as low as 42% of the labile carbon fraction.
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YLI-HALLA, M., and D. MOKMA. "Soil temperature regimes in Finland." Agricultural and Food Science 7, no. 4 (January 4, 1998): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.5606.

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Soil temperature regime substantially influences soil classification in Soil Taxonomy particularly in temperate areas. To facilitate correct classification of soils of Finland, the temperature regimes in soils of the country were determined. The mean annual soil temperature, measured at 50 cm below soil surface, ranged from 6.4°C at the warmest site (Anjala) to 1.9°C at the coldest one (Utsjoki, Kevo), and the mean summer soil temperature from 13.7°C to 6.2°C at the same stations, all being in the range of the cryic temperature regime. The mean annual soil temperature was 2 to 5°C higher than the mean annual air temperature, the difference (Y, °C) depending on the duration of snow coverage (X, days) according to the following equation: Y = 0.0305 X - 2.16, R2 = 0.91, n = 9. Even soils of the warmest areas in southern Finland and the mineral soils of the coldest areas in the north, at least for the most part, have cryic soil temperature regimes. Therefore, most soils of Finland, classified according to Soil Taxonomy, have names where the cryic temperature regime appears on the suborder or great group level.;
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Akter, M., MA Miah, MM Hassan, MN Mobin, and MA Baten. "Textural Influence on Surface and Subsurface Soil Temperatures under Various Conditions." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, no. 2 (February 29, 2016): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i2.26882.

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An experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the textural influence on surface and subsurface soil temperatures under various conditions. The experiment consisted of four types of soil (red, sandy, clay and peat). Observations were made at three conditions viz. bare, moist and vegetation cover. Sandy soil at bare condition showed the highest surface temperature followed by peat, red and clay soils. Sand surface produced nearly 10ºC higher values than from clay soil at around midday hours. In four types of soils, the amplitude of the daily surface temperature wave decreased in the order sand > peat > red > clay at bare dry condition. In case of subsurface temperature observed at 10 cm depth, red, clay and peat soils showed insignificant differences. Soil surface temperatures of 4 types soils under moisture condition at around mid days showed similar pattern as in dry condition i.e. sand > peat > red > clay. Soil subsurface temperatures of 4 types soils under moisture condition at around mid days showed similar pattern as in surface temperature. Among three conditions, sandy soil emitted highest long wave radiation (-649.88 Wm-2) at bare condition. The long wave radiation emitted by the surface was lower when the soil was wet and has vegetation cover. Air temperature positively correlated with soil temperature.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 147-151 2015
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil temperature"

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Alvenäs, Gunnel. "Evaporation, soil moisture and soil temperature of bare and cropped soils /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5714-9.pdf.

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Franks, Carol Dawn. "Temperature, moisture and albedo properties of Arizona soils." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_263_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Chang, Chao-Ting. "Soil water availability regulates soil respiration temperature dependence in Mediterranean forests." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406082.

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The variations of ecosystem and soil respiration are mainly driven by temperature and precipitation, but the importance of temperature and precipitation could vary across temporal and spatial. At diurnal to annual temporal scales, ecosystem and soil respiration generally increase with average annual temperature, but very low or very high soil moisture has been shown to diminish the temperature response of respiration. Therefore, in water-limited ecosystem, such as the Mediterranean region where the seasonal pattern is characterized with significant summer drought, precipitation patterns are likely to play a particularly important role in regulating ecosystem and soil respiration inter annual whereas temperature may be much less factor. In this dissertation, I try to reduce the uncertainties of terrestrial net ecosystem exchange in Mediterranean region by measuring the interaction between environmental factors and soil respiration at short (i.e., diurnal) and medium (i.e., seasonal-years) temporal scales. Three in situ experiments were employed to investigate how soil respiration responds to environmental variations and management. Together, these three studies gave a consistent picture on how soil moisture strongly affects the dynamic and magnitude of soil respiration in Mediterranean forests. Results elucidated a clear soil moisture threshold; when soil moisture is above this threshold, soil temperature is the main driver of soil respiration, meanwhile, when soil moisture is below this threshold, soil respiration decoupled from soil temperature and is controlled by soil moisture. This suggests that soil moisture modified, at least in Mediterranean ecosystems, the temperature sensitivity of respiration through threshold-like response.
Las variaciones de la respiración del ecosistema y del suelo son principalmente impulsadas por la temperatura y la precipitación, pero la importancia de la temperatura y la precipitación puede variar a lo largo del tiempo y el espacio. En las escalas temporales diurnas a anuales, la respiración del ecosistema y del suelo generalmente aumenta con la temperatura media anual, pero se ha demostrado que la humedad del suelo muy baja o muy alta disminuye la respuesta a la temperatura de la respiración. Por lo tanto, en ecosistemas con escasez de agua, como la región mediterránea, donde el patrón estacional se caracteriza por sequías significativas en verano, es probable que los patrones de precipitación jueguen un papel particularmente importante en la regulación de la respiración del ecosistema y del suelo. En esta tesis, intento reducir las incertidumbres del intercambio de ecosistemas netos terrestres en la región mediterránea midiendo la interacción entre los factores ambientales y la respiración del suelo a escalas temporales cortas (diurnas) y medias (estacionales). Se utilizaron tres experimentos in situ para investigar cómo la respiración del suelo responde a las variaciones y manejo del ambiente. En conjunto, estos tres estudios dieron una imagen consistente de cómo la humedad del suelo afecta fuertemente la dinámica y la magnitud de la respiración del suelo en los bosques mediterráneos. Los resultados dilucidaron un umbral claro de humedad del suelo; Cuando la humedad del suelo está por encima de este umbral, la temperatura del suelo es el principal impulsor de la respiración del suelo, mientras que la humedad del suelo está por debajo de este umbral, la respiración del suelo está desacoplada de la temperatura del suelo y controlada por la humedad del suelo. Esto sugiere que la humedad del suelo modificó, al menos en los ecosistemas mediterráneos, la sensibilidad a la temperatura de la respiración a través de la respuesta tipo umbral.
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Burns, Nancy Rosalind. "Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922.

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Soil respiration is an important source of atmospheric CO2, with the potential for large positive feedbacks with global warming. The size of these feedbacks will depend on the relative sensitivity to temperature of very large global pools of highly stable soil organic matter (SOM), with residence times of centuries or longer. Conflicting evidence exists as to the relationships between temperature sensitivity of respiration and stability of SOM, as well as the temperature sensitivity of individual stabilisation mechanisms. This PhD considers the relationship between different stabilisation mechanisms and the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition. I used physical fractionation to isolate SOM pools with a variety of turnover rates, from decadal to centennially cycling SOM, in a peaty gley topsoil from Harwood Forest. Mean residence times of SOM as determined by 14C dating was most strongly affected by depth, providing stability on a millienial scale, while OM-mineral associations and physical protection of aggregates provided stability to around 500 years. Chemical characteristics of organic material in these fractions and whole soils (13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ICP-OES) indicated the relative contribution of different stabilisation mechanisms to the longevity of each of these fractions. Two long-term incubations of isolated physical fractions and soil horizons at different temperatures provided information about the actual resistance to decomposition in each SOM pool, as well as the temperature sensitivity of respiration from different pools. Naturally 13C-labelled labile substrate additions to the mineral and organic horizons compared the resistance to priming by labile and recalcitrant substrates. Manipulation of soil pore water was investigated as a method for isolating the respiration of SOM from physically occluded positions within the soil architecture. Contadictory lines of evidence emerged on the relative stability of different SOM pools from 14C dating, incubation experiments and chemical characterisation of indicators of stability. This led to the interpretation that physical aggregate protection primarily controls SOM stability within topsoils, while mineral and Fe oxide stability provides more lasting stability in the mineral horizon. Less humified and younger SOM was found to have a higher sensitivity to temperature than respiration from well-humified pools, in contrast to predictions from thermodynamics.
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Hartley, Iain P. "The response of soil respiration to temperature." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434021.

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Attalla, Daniela, and Wu Jennifer Tannfelt. "Automated Greenhouse : Temperature and soil moisture control." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-184599.

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In this thesis an automated greenhouse was built with the purpose of investigating the watering system’s reliability and if a desired range of temperatures can be maintained. The microcontroller used to create the automated greenhouse was an Arduino UNO. This project utilizes two different sensors, a soil moisture sensor and a temperature sensor. The sensors are controlling the two actuators which are a heating fan and a pump. The heating fan is used to change the temperature and the pump is used to water the plant. The watering system and the temperature control system was tested both separately and together. The result showed that the temperature could be maintained in the desired range. Results from the soil moisture sensor were uneven and therefore interpret as unreliable.
I denna tes byggdes ett automatiserat växthus med syftet att undersöka dess bevattningssystems pålitlighet samt om ett önskat temperaturspann kan bibehållas. Microkontrollern för att bygga detta automatiserade växthus var en Arduino UNO. Detta projekt använder sig av två olika sensorer, en jordfuktsensor och en temperatursensor. Sensorerna kontrollerar en värmefläkt och en pump. Värmefläkten används för att ändra temperaturen och pumpen för att vattna plantan. Bevattningssystemet och temperaturstyrningen har testats både separat och tillsammans. Resultatet visar att temperaturen kan bibehållas inom det önskade spannet. Resultaten från jordfuktsensorn var ojämna och därför tolkats som opålitliga.
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Al-Ali, Abdullah Mubarak Abdulmohsen. "Temperature effects on fine-grained soil erodibility." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32514.

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Master of Science
Civil Engineering
Stacey Tucker
Recent climate changes may affect the stability of our infrastructure in many ways. This study investigated the effects of fine-grained soil temperature on erosion rate. If climate change is shown to affect the erodibility of soils the impacts must be identified to monitor the stability of existing infrastructure, improve design of levees and structures founded in erosive environments, and to prevent sediment loss and stream meanders. Fine-grained soil erosion is complicated by the dynamic linkage of multiple parameters, including physical, biological and geochemical properties. This study held constant all parameters that influence fine-grained soil erodibility while only varying soil temperature in order to study the effects it has on erodibility. This study also confirmed previous findings that water temperature affects soil erodibility. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fine-grained soil temperature on erosion rate. This study also instrumented a turbidity sensor to reliably map soil erosion. Based on this research, the conclusion was made that an increase in soil temperature increases soil erosion rate. The turbidity sensor was a valuable tool for comparing soil erosion. Future studies should investigate the effects soil temperatures below room temperature, the magnitude of temperature increase or decrease, and the effects of cyclic heating and cooling on fine grained soil erodibility.
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Mampana, Reedah Makgwadi. "Cropping system effects on soil water, soil temperature and dryland maize productivity." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43165.

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Improved soil water conservation has become an important subject in semi-arid areas due to low and erratic rainfall which is often combined with higher temperatures to provide unsuitable conditions for successful crop productivity. Dryland agriculture remains vulnerable to yield losses in these areas. This calls for implementation of conservation agricultural practices that would improve dryland maize productivity. An on-station field trial was started in 2007 at Zeekoegat experimental farm (24 kilometers north of Pretoria), to establish the effect of different conservation agriculture practices on soil and plant properties. The experimental lay-out was a split-plot randomized complete block design, replicated three times, with each replicate split into two tillage systems (whole plots) and then each whole plot (reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT)) was subdivided into 12 treatments (two fertilizer levels x 6 cropping patterns). The present study explored the impacts of different tillage practices, cropping patterns and fertilization levels on soil water content, soil temperature and dryland maize productivity during the 2010/11 and 2011/12 growing seasons. To improve the quality of soil water content (SWC) data, the effect of correction for concretions on soil bulk density and the relationship between volumetric soil water content (SWC) vs neutron water meter (NWM) count ratios was also investigated. Corrections for concretions on soil bulk density did not improve NWM calibrations in this study. In all seasons, significantly higher mean SWC was found under RT treatment than in CT at all depths except at 0-300 mm. For example, during the 2010/11 growing season, SWC under RT was 1.32 % and 1.10 % higher than CT for the 300 – 1350 mm and 0 – 1350 mm soil profiles, respectively. The mean weekly SWC was consistently higher for RT throughout both the growing seasons. Significantly higher SWC was also found under monoculture at all soil depths (except at 0-300 mm during 2011/12) compared to treatments under intercropping. For example, during 2010/11, at 0-300mm, SWC under maize monoculture was 1.72 % higher than under intercropping. The maximum and minimum soil temperatures were significantly higher at 100 and 400 mm soil depths under CT than under RT during 2010/11. During 2011/12, significantly higher minimum soil temperatures at 100 mm depth and lower temperature differences (maximum – minimum soil temperatures) at 400 mm depth were observed under intercropping. Despite the higher SWC and reduced soil temperature under RT, the maize seeds emergence rate was lower and plant stand was reduced. This is attributed to other factors associated with RT systems such as increased soil penetration resistance which often leads to poor root development. The lower soil temperatures under RT were generally within the range that would not be expected to inhibit growth and uptake of nutrients. Slower growth under RT resulted in lower biomass and grain yield. Plants that received high fertilizer rates grew more vigorously than plants under lower fertilizer levels when water was not a limiting factor, but produced lower grain yield due to water shortage in March, especially in 2011/12. The harvest index was therefore lower for treatments that received high fertilizer levels. Maize biomass under monoculture x low fertilizer level was significantly lower compared to other fertilizer x cropping pattern treatments. Maize plant growth under intercropping was improved throughout the seasons, which led to significantly higher grain yield than under maize monoculture. It is therefore recommended that farmers in dryland areas take the advantage of intercropping maize with legumes to obtain higher maize productivity. Further research should focus on investigating the possibility of roots restrictions occurring under RT conditions and under various environmental and soil conditions.
Dissertation (MScAgric)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lk2014
Plant Production and Soil Science
MScAgric
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Chen, Ying 1957. "Soil thermal regime resulting from reduced tillage systems." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41106.

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The soil thermal regime is important to the soil and plant environment, being an influential factor in determining many processes in soil.
Changes in soil bulk density, soil surface reflectance and soil temperature changes with depth and time were studied theoretically and experimental as a function of variable soil properties, soil surface state, crop cover and atmospheric conditions.
A field experiment was carried out on sandy and clayey soils with each plot being subjected to a consistent tillage and fertilizer history of either conventional ploughing, reduced energy disking or zero tillage, and fresh dairy manure or manufactured inorganic fertilizer. The measured results and the quantitative models assist hopefully in identifying how soil management affects the soil thermal regime and in making cultivation management decisions.
Soil bulk density for each fertilizer type can be predicted quantitatively from input tillage energy in a linear fashion. The reflectance of the soil surface was estimated as an integrated form of the individual reflectance and the area fractions of the soil surface components, with a soil roughness correction term. This model can cover various surface situations under different schemes of soil management. A simulation model for soil temperature was developed, which can be applied to bare soil, partially crop-covered soil and completely crop-covered soil. The models can also be used as submodels or be linked to other existing models.
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Adu-Gyamfi, Kwame. "Laboratory calibration of soil moisture, resistivity, and temperature probe - Capacitance probe." Ohio : Ohio University, 2001. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1173385776.

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Books on the topic "Soil temperature"

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Stathers, Robert John. Forest soil temperature manual. [Victoria, B.C.]: Canada/BC Economic & Regional Development Agreement, 1990.

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Stathers, Robert John. Forest soil temperature manual. Victoria, B.C: Ministry of Forests, Research Branch, 1990.

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Curtis, C. S. Soil temperature bibliography with abstracts. Lincoln, NE: High Plains Climate Center, Dept. of Agricultural Meteorology, University of Nebraska, 1995.

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Hanks, R. J. Applied soil physics: Soil water and temperature applications. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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Hussein, J. Soil temperatures in Zimbabwe. [Harare]: Dept. [of] Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, 1986.

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Hughes, Paul A. Water tables, soil temperatures, and morphological characteristics in selected Maine soils. Orono, Me: Dept. of Plant, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Maine, 1993.

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Franco, E. P. Cardoso. Os regimes, térmico e de humidade, nos solos da república popular de Angola. Lisboa: Ministério do Planeamento e da Administração do Território, Secretaria de Estado da Ciência e Tecnologia, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, 1993.

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Franco, E. P. Cardoso. Contribuição para o estudo do pedoclima no arquipélago da Madeira. [Lisbon]: Secretaria Regional da Economia, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, 1990.

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Vose, James M. A soil temperature model for closed canopied forest stands. Asheville, N.C: Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991.

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Vose, James M. A soil temperature model for closed canopied forest stands. Asheville, N.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil temperature"

1

Novak, Michael D. "Soil Temperature." In Agronomy Monographs, 105–29. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr47.c6.

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Jeffrey, David W. "Soil atmosphere and soil temperature." In Soil~Plant Relationships, 129–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6076-6_9.

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Ochsner, Tyson E. "Measuring Soil Temperature." In Soil Science Step-by-Step Field Analysis, 235–51. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/2008.soilsciencestepbystep.c18.

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Villalobos, Francisco J., Luca Testi, Luciano Mateos, and Elias Fereres. "Soil Temperature and Soil Heat Flux." In Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture, 69–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8_6.

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Novák, Viliam, and Hana Hlaváčiková. "Soil Temperature and Heat Transport in Soils." In Applied Soil Hydrology, 303–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01806-1_20.

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Buchan, Graeme D. "Temperature Effects in Soil." In Encyclopedia of Agrophysics, 891–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3585-1_170.

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Raney, F. C., and Yoshiaki Mihara. "Water and Soil Temperature." In Irrigation of Agricultural Lands, 1024–36. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr11.c58.

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Mukherjee, Swapna. "Soil Air and Temperature." In Current Topics in Soil Science, 105–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92669-4_10.

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Hanks, R. J. "Soil Heat Flow and Temperature." In Applied Soil Physics, 139–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2938-4_5.

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Gläser, Eberhard. "High temperature thermal treatment of contaminated soil." In Contaminated Soil ’88, 827–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2807-7_130.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil temperature"

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Nakayama, C., H. Arima, T. Katsumata, H. Aizawa, and S. Komuro. "Temperature response measurement of soil." In 2007 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccas.2007.4406721.

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Vitkova, Justina. "SOIL TEMPERATURE REGIME IN TOP SOIL LAYER WITH BIOCHAR AMENDMENT." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/32/s13.068.

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Ma, Hongzhang, and Qinhuo Liu. "The Analysis of the Difference between Infrared Soil Temperature and L Band Effective Soil Temperature." In 2011 International Workshop on Multi-Platform/Multi-Sensor Remote Sensing and Mapping (M2RSM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/m2rsm.2011.5697425.

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Tian, Hongwei, Linmao Ye, and Haibo Chen. "Study on effect of soil temperature on FDR soil moisture sensor in frozen soil." In Third International Conference on Photonics and Image in Agriculture Engineering (PIAGENG 2013), edited by Honghua Tan. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2019726.

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Claverie, Etienne, Jeremie Lecoeur, Veronique Letort, and Paul-Henry Cournede. "Modeling soil temperature to predict emergence." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Functional-Structural Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (FSPMA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fspma.2016.7818285.

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Popiel, C. O., Janusz Wojtkowiak, and B. Biernacka. "MEASUREMENTS OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS IN SOIL." In Thermal Sciences 2000. Proceedings of the International Thermal Science Seminar Bled. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2000.thersieprocvol2.40.

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Popiel, C. O., and B. Biernacka. "MEASUREMENTS OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS IN SOIL." In Thermal Sciences 2000. Proceedings of the International Thermal Science Seminar Bled. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2000.thersieprocvol2thersieprocvol1.210.

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Holmes, T., and T. Jackson. "Soil temperature error propagation in passive microwave retrieval of soil moisture." In 2010 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/microrad.2010.5559589.

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Liu, Cuihong, Wentao Ren, Benhua Zhang, and Changyi Lv. "The application of soil temperature measurement by LM35 temperature sensors." In Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology (EMEIT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emeit.2011.6023459.

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Xiao, Suguang, Muhannad T. Suleiman, and John S. McCartney. "Shear Behavior of Silty Soil and Soil-Structure Interface under Temperature Effects." In Geo-Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413272.399.

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Reports on the topic "Soil temperature"

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Frankenstein, Susan. FASST Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature: Original Versus New. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada483823.

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Montz, A., V. R. Kotamarthi, and H. Bellout. Soil carbon response to rising temperature. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1051236.

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Vas, Dragos, Elizabeth Corriveau, Lindsay Gaimaro, and Robyn Barbato. Challenges and limitations of using autonomous instrumentation for measuring in situ soil respiration in a subarctic boreal forest in Alaska, USA. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48018.

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Subarctic and Arctic environments are sensitive to warming temperatures due to climate change. As soils warm, soil microorganisms break down carbon and release greenhouse gases such as methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). Recent studies examining CO₂ efflux note heterogeneity of microbial activity across the landscape. To better understand carbon dynamics, our team developed a predictive model, Dynamic Representation of Terrestrial Soil Predictions of Organisms’ Response to the Environment (DRTSPORE), to estimate CO₂ efflux based on soil temperature and moisture estimates. The goal of this work was to acquire respiration rates from a boreal forest located near the town of Fairbanks, Alaska, and to provide in situ measurements for the future validation effort of the DRTSPORE model estimates of CO₂ efflux in cold climates. Results show that soil temperature and seasonal soil thaw depth had the greatest impact on soil respiration. However, the instrumentation deployed significantly altered the soil temperature, moisture, and seasonal thaw depth at the survey site and very likely the soil respiration rates. These findings are important to better understand the challenges and limitations associated with the in situ data collection used for carbon efflux modeling and for estimating soil microbial activity in cold environments.
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Lui, Rui, Cheng Zhu, John Schmalzel, Daniel Offenbacker, Yusuf Mehta, Benjamin Barrowes, Danney Glaser, and Wade Lein. Experimental and numerical analyses of soil electrical resistivity under subfreezing conditions. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48430.

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The engineering behavior of frozen soils is critical to the serviceability of civil infrastructure in cold regions. Among various geophysical techniques, electrical resistivity imaging is a promising technique that is cost effective and provides spatially continuous subsurface information. In this study, under freeze–thaw conditions, we carry out lab–scale 1D electrical resistivity measurements on frost–susceptible soils with varying water content and bulk density properties. We use a portable electrical resistivity meter for temporal electrical resistivity measurements and thermocouples for temperature monitoring. Dynamic temperature-dependent soil properties, most notably unfrozen water content, exert significant influences on the observed electrical resistivity. Below 0 °C, soil resistivity increases with the decreasing temperature. We also observe a hysteresis effect on the evolution of electrical resistivity during the freeze–thaw cycle, which effect we characterize with a sigmoidal model. At the same temperature, electrical resistivity during freezing is consistently lower than that during thawing. We have implemented this sigmoidal model into a COMSOL finite element model at both laboratory and field scales which enables the simulation of soil electrical resistivity response under both short–term and long–term sub–freezing conditions. Atmospheric temperature variations induce soil temperature change, and thereby phase transition and electrical resistivity change, with the rate of change being a function of the depth of investigation and soil properties include initial water content and initial temperature. This study advances the fundamental understanding of the electrical behaviors of frozen soils and enhance the application of electrical geophysical investigations in cold regions.
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Gonzalez, Logan, Christopher Baker, Stacey Doherty, and Robyn Barbato. Ecological modeling of microbial community composition under variable temperatures. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48184.

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Soil microorganisms interact with one another within soil pores and respond to external conditions such as temperature. Data on microbial community composition and potential function are commonly generated in studies of soils. However, these data do not provide direct insight into the drivers of community composition and can be difficult to interpret outside the context of ecological theory. In this study, we explore the effect of abiotic environmental variation on microbial species diversity. Using a modified version of the Lotka-Volterra Competition Model with temperature-dependent growth rates, we show that environmentally relevant temperature variability may expand the set of temperature-tolerance phenotype pairs that can coexist as two-species communities compared to constant temperatures. These results highlight a potential role of temperature variation in influencing microbial diversity. This in turn suggests a need to incorporate temperature into predictive models of microbial communities in soil and other environments. We recommend future work to parameterize the model applied in this study with empirical data from environments of interest, and to validate the model predictions using field observations and experimental manipulations.
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Cook, David, and Adam Theisen. SWATS: Diurnal Trends in the Soil Temperature Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1366762.

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Cook, David R. Soil Water and Temperature System (SWATS) Instrument Handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1251383.

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Cook, David R. Soil Temperature and Moisture Profile (STAMP) System Handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1332724.

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VanderGheynst, Jean, Michael Raviv, Jim Stapleton, and Dror Minz. Effect of Combined Solarization and in Solum Compost Decomposition on Soil Health. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594388.bard.

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In soil solarization, moist soil is covered with a transparent plastic film, resulting in passive solar heating which inactivates soil-borne pathogen/weed propagules. Although solarization is an effective alternative to soil fumigation and chemical pesticide application, it is not widely used due to its long duration, which coincides with the growing season of some crops, thereby causing a loss of income. The basis of this project was that solarization of amended soil would be utilized more widely if growers could adopt the practice without losing production. In this research we examined three factors expected to contribute to greater utilization of solarization: 1) investigation of techniques that increase soil temperature, thereby reducing the time required for solarization; 2) development and validation of predictive soil heating models to enable informed decisions regarding soil and solarization management that accommodate the crop production cycle, and 3) elucidation of the contributions of microbial activity and microbial community structure to soil heating during solarization. Laboratory studies and a field trial were performed to determine heat generation in soil amended with compost during solarization. Respiration was measured in amended soil samples prior to and following solarization as a function of soil depth. Additionally, phytotoxicity was estimated through measurement of germination and early growth of lettuce seedlings in greenhouse assays, and samples were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize microbial communities. Amendment of soil with 10% (g/g) compost containing 16.9 mg CO2/g dry weight organic carbon resulted in soil temperatures that were 2oC to 4oC higher than soil alone. Approximately 85% of total organic carbon within the amended soil was exhausted during 22 days of solarization. There was no significant difference in residual respiration with soil depth down to 17.4 cm. Although freshly amended soil proved highly inhibitory to lettuce seed germination and seedling growth, phytotoxicity was not detected in solarized amended soil after 22 days of field solarization. The sequencing data obtained from field samples revealed similar microbial species richness and evenness in both solarized amended and non-amended soil. However, amendment led to enrichment of a community different from that of non-amended soil after solarization. Moreover, community structure varied by soil depth in solarized soil. Coupled with temperature data from soil during solarization, community data highlighted how thermal gradients in soil influence community structure and indicated microorganisms that may contribute to increased soil heating during solarization. Reliable predictive tools are necessary to characterize the solarization process and to minimize the opportunity cost incurred by farmers due to growing season abbreviation, however, current models do not accurately predict temperatures for soils with internal heat generation associated with the microbial breakdown of the soil amendment. To address the need for a more robust model, a first-order source term was developed to model the internal heat source during amended soil solarization. This source term was then incorporated into an existing “soil only” model and validated against data collected from amended soil field trials. The expanded model outperformed both the existing stable-soil model and a constant source term model, predicting daily peak temperatures to within 0.1°C during the critical first week of solarization. Overall the results suggest that amendment of soil with compost prior to solarization may be of value in agricultural soil disinfestations operations, however additional work is needed to determine the effects of soil type and organic matter source on efficacy. Furthermore, models can be developed to predict soil temperature during solarization, however, additional work is needed to couple heat transfer models with pathogen and weed inactivation models to better estimate solarization duration necessary for disinfestation.
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Vose, James M., and Wayne T. Swank. A Soil Temperature Model for Closed Canopied Forest Stands. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-rp-281.

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