Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soil temperature – Physiological effect

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Soil temperature – Physiological effect'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

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Sanders, Timothy H., Paul D. Blankenship, Richard J. Cole, and Robert A. Hill. "Temperature Relationships of Peanut Leaf Canopy, Stem, and Fruit in Soil of Varying Temperature and Moisture." Peanut Science 12, no. 2 (July 1, 1985): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.12.2.0010.

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Abstract Physiological processes of plants are affected by temperature and temperature variation of individual plant parts has been demonstrated to affect such physiological interactions as source-sink relationships. Determination of plant part temperatures in relation to the surrounding environment, especially during stress, may provide significant information relative to how plants respond to various stress environments. To determine peanut plant part temperatures in various environments, rainfall control research plots equipped either with heating cables or cooling coils were utilized to grow Florunner peanuts and implement treatments of various soil temperatures under water stress and irrigated conditions. Peanut stem and pod temperatures were monitored automatically at 2-hr intervals with attached and implanted thermocouples. Canopy temperatures, determined by infrared thermometry, were related to water stress but were apparently unrelated to varying soil tempertures. Late-season, afternoon (1:00 p.m.) canopy temperature in the irrigated treatment averaged 28.5 C and mean canopy temperatures in all water stressed treatments were 35±1 C. Late-season plant stem temperature/soil temperature means in irrigated, water stressed-heated soil, water stressed, and water stressed-cooled soil treaments were 21.6 C/21.6 C, 25.2 C/30.2 C, 25.0 C/ 25.C, and 23.3 C/ 20.6 C, respectively. Peanut pod temperatures ranged higher and lower than soil temperature in each plot and maximum pod temperatures often occurred earlier than maximum soil temperature. Concurrent pod, stem, and air maximum and minimum temperatures suggest the strong influence of aerial plant-part temperatures on temperatures of the subterranean fruit. The results of this study show the effect of moisture and temperature stress on peanut plant part temperatures and demonstrate the relationships which result from the unique subterranean fruiting habit.
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Vlčková, V., M. Malinová, B. Koubková, J. Száková, V. Zídek, A. Fučíková, and J. Zídková. "Long-term effect of diet amended by risk elements contaminated soils on risk element penetration and physiological parameters of rats." Czech Journal of Animal Science 59, No. 9 (October 1, 2014): 416–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7653-cjas.

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The long-term accumulation of risk elements (As, Cd, Pb) originated from differently contaminated soils in rat organism was investigated during a model two-generation experiment. The effect of soil contamination level, gender, and length of exposure as well as the interactions between risk elements and selected essential macro- and microelements were studied. Rat diet contained 10% of individual soils (based on dry weight): (i) Fluvisol heavily polluted by As, Cd, Zn, and Pb, (ii) Luvisol contaminated by As, Cd, and Zn, and (iii) uncontaminated Chernozem. Male and female Wistar rats used for the experiment were housed in cages in a room with controlled temperature for 60 days and were fed ad libitum the mentioned diets. Subsequently, the pregnant females were continuously fed the experimental diet until weaning when the young animals were separated to male and female and fed the experimental diet till day 110 of age. The element contents in rat tissues reflected the risk element contents in contaminated soils. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the risk elements decreased in the order Cd>As>Pb and was affected by the soil physicochemical parameters. No significant differences were observed between male and female rats as well as between the first and the second generation. However, interactions were reported among the risk elements where the high cadmium content in Fluvisol resulted in increasing arsenic accumulation in the rat liver. Moreover, arsenic–copper interactions were observed where significant increase of the copper level was determined in kidney of the animals fed Luvisol exceeding 50-fold the maximum permissible limits for As content in agricultural soils. Among the hematological and biochemical characteristics of rats, total erythrocyte count (Er), hematocrit (Hct) increased confirming adverse effect of soil-derived risk elements especially in male rats.  
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Sherwood, Jill, Diane Debinski, and Matthew Germino. "Testing the Effects of Simulated Climate Change Effects Using Open Sided Warming Chambers." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 33 (January 1, 2011): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2011.3811.

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Regional models of global climate change for the northern Rocky Mountains predict warmer temperatures, and some of the main implications of these changes at a local level involve decreased snowpack, earlier snowmelt, and decreased soil moisture during the growing season. In order to mimic the anticipated effects of climate change, and test the responses from a soil microclimate and plant physiology perspective, open-sided warming chambers and snow removal treatments were applied to 2.44 X 2.44 m plots in a sagebrush steppe meadow within Grand Teton National Park, WY. Four treatments included: (1) control, (2) reduced snowpack, (3) increased temperature, and (4) reduced snowpack with increased temperature. Snow was removed using shovels in early May, and chambers were placed at the same time. The chambers were left on the plots through mid-October. Soil moisture and temperature were measured and recorded at 5 cm, and 25 cm depths using dataloggers set up at the time of snow removal and chamber placement. In addition, surface temperature was measured under each plot and within the study area. Plant physiological data on four plant species, including leaf temperature at dawn and mid-afternoon and water potential, were collected for all of the plots in July. Data are being analyzed to determine whether differences existed between the plots for soil moisture, soil and air temperature, and the plant physiological traits measured.
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Piotrowski, Krzysztof, and Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda. "Positive impact of bio-stimulators on growth and physiological activity of willow in climate change conditions." International Agrophysics 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2017-0006.

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Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the physiological activity and growth of willow (Salix viminalis L.) plants cultivated under the conditions of adverse temperature and soil moisture content, and to assess the effect of the foliar application of Biojodis (1.0%) and Asahi SL (0.03%) bio-stimulators, or a mixture of Microcistis aeruginosa MKR 0105 and Anabaena PCC 7120 cyanobacteria under such changing growth conditions. The obtained results showed different reactions to the applied constant or periodically changed temperature and soil moisture content. The plants which grew at periodically changed adverse temperature (from -5 to 40oC) or in scantily (20% m.c.) or excessively (60% m.c.) watered soils, grew slowly, in comparison with those growing at 20oC and in optimally moistened soil (30% m.c.). Foliar application of Biojodis and Asahi SL cyanobacteria increased the growth of willow at optimal and adverse temperature or in scantily and excessively moistened soil. The changes in plant growth were associated with the changes in electrolyte leakage, activity of acid or alkaline phosphatases, RNase, index of chlorophyll content in leaves and gas exchange. The above indicates that the foliar application of the studied cyanobacteria and bio-stimulators partly alleviates the harmful impact of adverse temperature and water stress on growth and physiological activity of willow plants
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SHEPPARD, S. C., and G. J. RACZ. "SHOOT AND ROOT RESPONSE OF WHEAT TO BAND AND BROADCAST PHOSPHORUS AT VARYING SOIL TEMPERATURES." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 65, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss85-009.

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Response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) to varied amounts of broadcast and band-applied phosphorus (P) was examined at soil temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C. The research emphasized the response of shoot yields with time and the root proliferation in the band-applied P. A non-destructive technique to measure growth with time was developed. This method allowed interpretation of plant responses even though the temperature treatments markedly changed the rate of physiological development. The relative plant-shoot response to P application did not change with time or developmental stage in this experiment. There was a marked effect of temperature on plant response to band-applied P. Band application was more efficient than broadcast P at 10 °C soil temperature, but less efficient at 25 °C soil temperature. Root proliferation in the fertilizer band was significantly different from the control soil-zone only at 10 °C and was not diminished by concurrent application of broadcast P. The efficiency of band application was confirmed with 32P labelling of the banded P. Banded P accounted for more of the total plant P at lower soil temperatures than at higher soil temperatures, regardless of concurrent application of broadcast P. Temperature had little effect on yield response to broadcast P at the final sampling or throughout the growth period. Tissue P concentrations decreased with increases in temperature and with time. Key words: Temperature, root proliferation, band, broadcast, phosphorus
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Pereira, Renata Cristiane, Murilo Fuentes Pelloso, Larissa Vinis Correia, Thaisa Cavalieri Matera, Rayssa Fernanda dos Santos, Alessandro Lucca Braccini, Géssica Gaboardi De Bastiani, Carla Coppo, and Breno Gabriel da Silva. "Physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with imidacloprid before and after storage." Plant, Soil and Environment 66, No. 10 (October 1, 2020): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/364/2020-pse.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different slurry volume of imidacloprid insecticide on the physiological potential during the storage of seeds of three soybean cultivars. A completely randomised experimental design was adopted, in a 6 × 3 × 2 factorial scheme, which treatments were six slurry volumes with imidacloprid insecticide (0, 200, 500, 800, 1 100 and 1 400 mL/100 kg of seeds), 3 soybean cultivars (SYN15630, M5947, and NS5959) and 2 storage periods (0 and 30 days after seed treatment), with four replications. The treated seeds were stored in kraft paper bags with controlled temperature and humidity. The physiological potential of the seeds was evaluated by standard germination test, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the sand seedbed, and the field. The germination and vigor of soybean seeds were reduced during storage, especially with the increase in the volumes of the insecticide solution.
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Wang, Jian-Jun, Wei-Hu Lin, Yan-Ting Zhao, Cheng Meng, An-Wei Ma, Long-Hai Xue, Yu Kuang, and Pei Tian. "Physiological and biochemical responses of Festuca sinensis seedlings to temperature and soil moisture stress." Functional Plant Biology 44, no. 10 (2017): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp16410.

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The interaction effects between temperature and soil moisture on Festuca sinensis Keng ex E.B.Alexeev were analysed to determine how F. sinensis responds to these environmental conditions. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under simulated growth conditions with four soil moisture contents (80, 65, 50 and 35% relative saturation moisture content) and three temperature conditions (15, 20 and 25°C). Physiological (relative water content and root activity) and biochemical parameters (chlorophyll, peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugar and free proline) were evaluated at the seedling stage. Results showed that with a decrease in soil water content, the POD activities, MDA content, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content and free proline content of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments initially decreased and then increased, whereas they increased with a decrease of soil water content at 25°C. The relative water contents of plants under the three temperature treatments decreased with a decreasing soil moisture content, but then increased temperature significantly reduced the relative water content of the seedlings under low soil water content. The chlorophyll contents of plants under the 25°C treatment decreased with a decrease of soil moisture content, but those of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments initially increased and then decreased. The root activities of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments increased with a decreasing soil moisture content; however, those of plants under the 25°C treatment initially increased and then decreased. Thus, results indicated that changes of temperature and soil moisture content had significant and complicated effects on the physiological-biochemical characteristics of F. sinensis; the conditions of 20°C and 65% RSMC had positive effects on F. sinensis seedling growth and the appropriate drought stress could promote the growth of seedling roots under the three different temperature conditions. In conclusion, F. sinensis seedlings could adapt to certain changes in the ecological environment by regulating their physiological and biochemical reactions.
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Venturini, Marcela Tonini, Vanderlei da Silva Santos, and Eder Jorge de Oliveira. "Procedures for evaluating the tolerance of cassava genotypes to postharvest physiological deterioration." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 50, no. 7 (July 2015): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2015000700006.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to define procedures to assess the tolerance of cassava genotypes to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) and to microbial deterioration (MD). Roots of six cassava genotypes were evaluated in two experiments, during storage under different environmental conditions: high temperature and low soil moisture; or low temperature and high soil moisture. Roots were treated or not with fungicide (carbendazim) before storage. Genotype reactions to MD and PPD were evaluated at 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 days after harvest (DAH), in the proximal, medial, and distal parts of the roots. A diagrammatic scale was proposed to evaluate nonperipheral symptoms of PPD. Fungicide treatment and root position did not influence PPD expression; however, all factors had significant effect on MD severity. Genotypes differed as to their tolerance to PPD and MD. Both deterioration types were more pronounced during periods of higher humidity and lower temperatures. The fungicide treatment increased root shelf life by reducing MD severity up to 10 DAH. Whole roots showed low MD severity and high PPD expression up to 10 DAH, which enabled the assessment of PPD without significant interference of MD symptoms during this period.
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He, Jun Qi, Xue Feng Yuan, and You Ke Wang. "Effect of Soil Moisture Conserving Irrigation under Straw Mulching on Soil and Crop." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 2315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2315.

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Currently, the agricultural water shortage in China has become more and more serious. It is of great importance for scientists and engineers to figure out the ways to utilize the limited water resources efficiently for irrigation. This paper proposes a new irrigation concept which combines advanced soil moisture conserving techniques available in the semi-arid and arid regions of China with the design of water-saving irrigation systems. To show the effectiveness of the new concept, straw mulching used widely in China, a soil moisture conserving technique, was tested in irrigation systems. The experimental results show the way soil moisture, soil microorganism, soil temperature, ecological and physiological indices and maize productivity were affected by straw mulching under irrigation and the improved performance indices with the combination of soil moisture conserving techniques with irrigation systems, which contributed to a higher water use efficiency. It is believed that the combination of soil moisture conserving techniques with irrigation systems will be a new trial for the water-saving irrigation of China, particularly for the semi-arid and arid areas.
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Pérez-Hernández, Rosa Guadalupe, Manuel Jesus Cach-Pérez, Rosaura Aparacio-Fabre, Hans Van der Wal, and Ulises Rodríguez-Robles. "Physiological and microclimatic consequences of variation in agricultural management of maize." Botanical Sciences 99, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2640.

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Background: Maize is cultivated under different agricultural management systems, which influence the ecological dynamics of the crop, and therefore the physiology of the plant. Questions: What is the effect of different agricultural management on the microclimate and the physiology of maize plants? Studied species: Zea mays L. Study site and dates: Nacajuca, Tabasco, Mexico; January to April 2017. Methods: Physiological performance of maize plants and microclimatic variation in the crop area was characterized under three management systems: maize monoculture, maize-bean, and maize-bean-squash intercropping. Each treatment was established in three 100 m2 plots (300 m2 per treatment). Four measurements were taken between days 33 and 99 after maize sowing, to characterize five microclimatic parameters (relative air humidity, air and soil temperature, vapor-pressure deficit and soil volumetric water content) and nine physiological parameters (photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, electron transport rate, quantum efficiency of photosystem II, non-photochemical quenching, foliar water potential and chlorophyll content). Results: Maximum soil temperature was up to 4.4 ºC less in the maize-bean system than in the monoculture at 15:00 h; soil in the maize-bean-squash intercropping retained up to 45 % more water than the monoculture throughout the day. Photosynthesis and electron transport rate in the maize-bean intercropping was up to 32 % higher than in the monoculture. The highest non-photochemical quenching and transpiration rate were observed in the maize-bean-squash system. Conclusions: The maize-bean and maize-bean-squash combination provides maize plants with lower soil temperature and higher water availability, allowing them better physiological performance compared to monoculture.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

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Parks, Olivia Waverly. "Effect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49663.

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In light of increased stream temperatures due to urbanization and climate change, the
effect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion should be explored. The objectives of this study are to: determine the effect of water temperature on the erosion rates of clay; determine how erosion rates vary with clay mineralogy; and, explore the relationship between zeta potential and erosion rate. Samples of kaolinite- and montmorillonite-sand mixtures, and vermiculite-dominated soil were placed in the wall of a recirculating flume channel using a vertical sample orientation. Erosion rate was measured under a range of shear stresses (0.1-20 Pa) for a period of five minutes per shear stress at water temperatures of 12, 20, and 27�"C. The zeta potential was determined for each clay type at the three testing temperatures and compared to mean erosion rates. The kaolinite erosion rate doubled when the temperature increased from 12 to 20�"C, and erosion of vermiculite samples tripled when the temperature increased from 20 to 27�"C. The montmorillonite samples generally eroded through mechanical failure rather than fluvial erosion, and the limited fluvial erosion of the montmorillonite-sand mixture was not correlated with water temperature. The data suggest correlation between zeta potential and erosion rate; however, due to the small sample size (n=3), statistically significant correlation was not indicated. Research should continue to explore the influence of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion to better understand the influence of clay mineralogy. Due to the high degree of variability in cohesive soil erosion, multiple replications should be used in future work. The vertical sample orientation enabled discrimination between fluvial erosion and mass wasting and is recommended for future studies.
Master of Science
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Heyns, Gerhardus Johannes. "Influence of macro- versus microcooling on the physiological and psychological performance of the human operator." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016247.

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This study evaluated the effect of a macro- versus a microcooling system on the cognitive, psychomotor and physiological performance of human operators. Male subjects (n = 24) were acclimatized for four days and then subjected to three different environmental conditions: hot ambient (40°C; 40% RH), microcooling and macrocooling. Each environmental condition was repeated twice; once under a rest condition and once while simulating a physical workload of 40 W. Four performance tests (reasoning, eye-hand coordination, memory, reaction time) were conducted once every hour for four hours. Five physiological measurements, viz rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, total sweat loss and sweat rate, were taken. A significant difference existed between the physiological responses under the hot ambient condition and both cooling conditions. For all five physiological parameters he human operator benefitted substantially whatever the cooling condition. The psychological performance results indicated a greater benefit under the cooling conditions, though various external factors may have influenced responses. User perception showed that macrocooling was perceived to be the optimal method of cooling. The results showed that there was no difference in the extent to which both rectal temperature and heart rate (for rest and work conditions) decreased over the 4-hour study period with micro- and macrocooling. In the baseline hot environment both increase. Sweat rate was lowest when resting or working in a microcooled environment and at its highest in the hot baseline environment. Mean skin temperature was lowest (for rest and work conditions) with microcooling and highest in the hot baseline environment. Reaction time and memory/attention were the same under all three environmental conditions. Eye-hand coordination was better with cooling than without, but did not differ between the two cooling conditions. Reasoning ability was poorest under the hot baseline condition and best in the macrocooled environment. User perception showed that the subjects found macrocooling highly acceptable. Microcooling was found to be uncomfortable, particularly because cold air (18 - 21°C) entered the jacket at one point which caused numbness of the skin at that point. Jackets did not always fit subjects well and the umbilical cord restricted free movement.
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Anderson, Dawn E. "Effects of caffeine on the metabolic and catecholamine responses to exercise in 5 and 28p0sC environments." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/833465.

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The influence of caffeine on the metabolic and catecholamine responses to mild exercise in a cold and a warm environment was studied in eight healthy males. The subjects performed 60 minutes of cycling at 50% VO2max in a cold environment (5°C and 70% relative humidity) and a warm environment (28°C and 50% relative humidity) 30 minutes after ingesting caffeine (5mg/kg body weight) or placebo (dextrose). Caffeine ingestion prior to exercise in the warm environment resulted in increased plasma epinephrine, with no effect on plasma norepinephrine. Neither lipid nor carbohydrate metabolism was altered by caffeine in the warm trial. Exercise in the cold environment (placebo) produced increased oxygen consumption and carbohydrate metabolism, decreased lipid metabolism, and no difference in plasma catecholamines compared with the warm-placebo trial. Responses to the combination of caffeine ingestion and the cold environment did not differ from cold-placebo responses in oxygen consumption or respiratory exchange ratio during the cycling bout. However, in the cold-caffeine trial plasma epinephrine was elevated. In addition, fat oxidation, serum free fatty acids, and serum glycerol were elevated in the cold-caffeine condition. Carbohydrate oxidation was depressed, while serum glucose and blood lactate were elevated in this trial. The results of this study indicate that caffeine increases plasma epinephrine; cold increases oxygen consumption and carbohydrate metabolism, while decreasing lipid metabolism; and the combination of caffeine and cold during exercise increases plasma epinephrine and lipid metabolism, but decreases carbohydrate metabolism.
Human Performance Laboratory
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El-Bishti, Magda Bashier. "Determination of soil moisture using dielectric soil moisture sensors : effect of soil temperature and implication for evaporation estimates." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487102.

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The reliability and accuracy of several sensors that employ the relationship between dielectric constant and soil moisture constant, e, in particular capacitance sensors were investigated. Results obtained from laboratory examinations ,of a Theta probe, TP, selected as a representative model for capacitance sensors, suggested that the sensor output was affected by temperature variations, electrical conductivity levels, spatial variation in sample bulk density as well as the level of compaction of the soil surrounding the sensor's rods. Detailed in situ e data collected usmg capacitance sensors were used to calculate sub-daily estimates of evaporation, E, using the soil water balance method, combined with the zero-flux-plane (ZFP) approach, for plots of bare soil, rapeseed and a maize field. These sensors comprised Theta probes (TP), Profiles probes (PP), ECH20 probes (EP) and Aquaflex sensors (AF). / The field output data of these sensors were analysed and compared with e obtained with both, the gravimetric and neutron probe method. The absolute values of B as measured by the various capacitance sensors differed considerably. Furthermore, the outputs of these sensors (apart from the AF probes) were found to be affected by temperature, which would result in an anomalous course of diurnal E. Also, B-data were subject to noise which required smoothing to ensure a physically realistic variation in E, when compared to estimates with the Penman-Monteith equation, EPAf, and the eddy-covariance method (maize field). E was determined from diurnal changes in vertically integrated soil moisture content above the ZFP. Smoothed values of Bwere temperature-corrected using fieldbased and laboratory-based correction equations. A considerable difference between field- and laboratory-based temperature corrections procedures was noticed, and correction factors strongly depended on B. As this resulted in an overly complicated correction procedure, which consequently gave unreliable E-values, it was then decided to use a constant correction factor (based on the field correction procedure), for each capacitance probe. For the bare soil plot, with the exception ofPP and EP only Bprofiles obtained with the TP and AF sensors produced relatively reliable E values when compared to Enf. By contrast, when these capacitance sensors were used under a canopy, all sensors yielded satisfactory E-values. This was most likely caused by reduced amplitudes of soil temperatures under the canopy and the fact that the dimensions of most sensors do not allow installation in the top soil (~3-5cm) layer at which most evaporation would take place in bare soils. We therefore recommended that these sensors can be used for diurnal B measurements and E determination under canopy provided that an appropriate temperature-correction procedure for each sensor is applied. To obtain reliable Band E estimates in bare soil, more research needs to be done. For more reliable e and E estimations in bare soils further extensive field trials would be strongly advised
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Stomph, Tjeerd Jan. "Seedling establishment in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) : the influence of genotype, physiological seed quality, soil temperature and soil water." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276632.

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Wollmuth, Lonnie Paul. "Norepinephrine and temperature regulation in goldfish." PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3727.

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Cannulae were implanted into forebrain loci of goldfish (Carassius auratus; 45-90 g) to determine (i) the effects and site of action of intracranial norepinephrine (NE) injections on behavioral thermoregulation and (ii) the mechanism and the types of adrenoreceptors involved in the thermoregulatory effect of NE. After 30 min in a thermal gradient, implanted fish were injected with norepinephrinebitartrate salt (2.5-500 ng NE) in a total volume of 0.2 ul (carrier was 0.7% NaCl). Injections of 5, 10, 25, and 50 ng NE into the anterior aspect of the nucleus preopticus periventricularis (NPP1 Peter and Gill 1975) led to consistent, dose-dependent decreases in selected temperature. No effect on temperature selection was observed following injections of 2.5 ng NE or control injections of 100 ng tartaric acid. The effects of injections into other loci, including intraventricular injections, were dependent upon the dose and proximity to the anterior NPP1 at sites adjacent to the anterior NPP, larger doses were required, and the effects became inconsistent. At sites further removed, no effect on selected temperature was observed1 included in this category were more caudal sites within the NPP and the nucleus preopticus.
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Gibson, Robert H. "The effect of elevated core temperature upon excess post exercise oxygen consumption." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941356.

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A great deal of research has been done to assess the effects of exercise intensity and duration on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). But the effects of an elevated core temperature (Tc) post-exercise have not been directly examined. To assess the effects of an elevated Tc on EPOC, eight healthy, active male subjects (27.5 ± 6.1 years) underwent two 45 minute exercise trials at =70% VO2max in an environmental chamber (36 °C / 10% RH) followed by a 45 minute recovery in either the environmental chamber (42 °C / 10% RH) wearing insulating clothing (HC), or in the ambient conditions of the testing lab (22 °C / 42% RH) without any additional clothing (AM). Oxygen consumption (V02), minute ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR), and rectal temperature (Tc) were recorded pre-, exercise, and post- during both trials. Subjects were monitored postexercise for 45 minutes. EPOC was determined by subtracting pre-trial V02 from the recovery V02 until the difference between the values equaled zero or until 45 minutes had elapsed. Within 25 minutes post-exercise, V02 during the AM recovery had returned to near resting levels (p = 0.146), while V02 during the HC recovery remained significantly elevated for at least 45 minutes (p = 0.027). Given that V02 remained significantly elevated through 45 minutes of recovery, and that all other measured variables (HR, VE, and respiratory exchange ratio) were significantly affected during the HC recovery, it is clear that an elevated Tc has an effect on EPOC.
School of Physical Education
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Marsh, Melinda L. "Physiological responses to submaximal exercise in a cold and neutral temperature in children." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834639.

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Physiological and thermoregulatory responses to exercise in a cold environment have been well documented in adults. However, limited information is available regarding the physiological and perceptual responses in children exercising in a cold environment. The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolic, cardiorespiratory, and perceptual responses of children performing submaximal exercise in a cold and neutral temperature. Sixteen children (8 male, 8 female), with a mean ± SD age, height, and weight of 11.4 ± 0.9 yrs, 149.4 ± 8.8 cm, and 40.0 ± 7.2 kg, respectively, participated as subjects in this study. Laboratory assessments occurred on three different days. On the first day of testing, a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer was administered to determine ventilatory threshold (VT) and VO2max (1.21 + 0.18 I-min-1, 1.74 + 0.21 1-min-1, respectively). On seperate days, subjects cycled in 5°C or 22°C for 30 minutes at an intensity corresponding to VT (103 ± 11 W). The order of testing was counterbalanced. V02, HR, and RPE were assessed every 5 minutes; blood samples from an indwelling catheter were taken every 10 minutes for blood lactate (LA) determination. Data were analyzed using arepeated measure ANOVA. V02, VE, HR, and LA responses were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the cold (1.36 ± 0.18 vs 1.14 ± 0.18 1-min-1, 35.6 ± 5.3 vs 29.2 ± 5.8 1-min-1, 165.7 ± 12.3 vs 155.9 ± 12.9 bpm, and 2.18 ± 1.18 vs 1.53 ± 0.84 mmol-l-1, respectively) (Mean ± SE). RPE values tended to be higher in the cold (13.6 + 3.4 vs 12.6 + 2.9); however, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). More research is needed to determine the factors responsible for cold-induced alterations in the exercise response.
School of Physical Education
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Quinn, Amie L., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The impacts of agricultural chemicals and temperature on the physiological stress response in fish." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbirdge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2007, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/676.

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Fish are exposed to multiple stressors in their environment. The interactive effects of pesticide exposure and increased temperature on the physiological stress response were investigated in a comparative field study with cold-water (whitefish, Prosopium williamsoni) and cool-water (sucker, Catostomus) fish from the Oldman River, Alberta, Canada, and in a laboratory study with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Physiogical stress indicators were measured, and exposure to pesticides was estimated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Species-specific differences in AChE activities and responses of the physiological stress axis were detected in whitefish and suckers, suggesting that whitefish are a more sensitive species to temperature and pesticide stress. In vivo Dimethoate exposure inhibited AChE activity in various tissues and disrupted the physiogical stress response. Commercial Dimethoate, in vitro, caused a decrease in viability and cortisol secretion while pure grade Dimethoate did not. The results from this study can be used in predictions of fish vulnerability to stress.
ix, 137 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Manley, Elizabeth. "The effects of whole body immersion in cold water upon subsequent terrestrial aerobic performance : a study in hypothermia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007458.

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This study examined the extent to which physiological and psychological concomitants of aerobic terrestrial performance were affected by body cooling of varying degrees induced by cold water immersion (CWI). Thirteen male and 13 female subjects underwent three randomly assigned 30 min treadmill runs: a control run without prior manipulation of the subjects' thermal status and the same exercise after "central" (core temperature 1°C below pre-immersion) and "peripheral" cooling (skin heat loss 100kcal.m⁻².h⁻¹). During treadmill runs core temperature was measured, together with chest, leg, arm and hand temperatures, from which mean skin temperature (T [subscript]s[subscript]k) and mean body temperature (T[subscript]b) were calculated. Heart rate, oxygen consumption (VO₂,), carbon dioxide production (VCO₂), minute ventilation (V₂ (BTPS)), breathing frequency (f), cadence and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and thermal sensation (PTS) were also measured. Both central and peripheral cooling resulted in significantly reduced T[subscript]r[subscript]e (males : control 37.9±0. 3°C; central cooling : 36.8±0.5°C; peripheral cooling: 37.5±0.4°C; females: control: 37.9±0.4°C; central cooling: 37.2±0.5; p<0.05) during subsequent treadmill running, except following peripheral cooling for females (37.9±0.3°C) . For males and females T[subscript]s[subscript]k was lower following peripheral cooling than control values and lowest after central cooling (males: control: 30.0±1.3°C; central cooling: 36.8±0.5°C; peripheral cooling: 37.5±0.4°C; females: control: 30.5±1.2°C; central cooling: 25.9±1.8°C; peripheral cooling: 26.9±1.9°C; p<0.05). Female subjects experienced significantly higher T[subscript]r[subscript]e than males following central and peripheral cooling and a lower T[subscript]s[subscript]k following central cooling. Females experienced less of an increase in heart rate than males during exercise following central and peripheral cooling (control: l57.7±23.7b.min⁻¹; central cooling: 143.5±20.5b.min⁻¹; peripheral cooling 151.7±16.7b.min⁻¹; p<0 .05). Male responses were the same following central cooling but higher for peripheral cooling than control values (control: 139.1±7.3b.min⁻¹; central cooling 134.7±17.5b.min⁻¹; peripheral cooling: 145.0±16.4b.min⁻¹; p<0.05). These data indicate a depression in cardiovascular function for females following peripheral cooling that was not apparent for males. The VO₂ was not different between tests for males; only peripheral cooling resulted in a raised VO₂ of 28.6±3 .3ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ (p<0 .05) for females compared to 27.6±2.6ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ (control). A biphasic response was evident for VO₂ VCO₂ and V[subscript]B (BTPS). For both sexes overall RPE was lower for peripheral cooling (males: 9.4±1.9; females: 8.7±1.3; p<0 .05) than for control and central cooling. Central RPE was only changed for females following peripheral cooling. Changes in cadence and step length together with the effect of low skin and leg temperatures resulted in higher local RPE for females after central cooling (9.6±1.2; p<0.05) than control (9.4±1.9) and peripheral cooling (8.9±1.2 ). Males and females rated the same ambient temperature during the same exercise lower after peripheral cooling (males: 4.6±1.5; females : 5.3±1.3) than control values and lower still after central cooling (males: 3. 8±1.8; females: 2 .7±l. 5) In this study T[subscript]s[subscript]k was the primary determinant of PTS after precooling.
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Books on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

1

Human thermal environments: The effects of hot, moderate, and cold environments on human health, comfort, and performance. 2nd ed. London: Taylor & Francis, 2003.

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Human thermal environments. London: Taylor & Francis, 1993.

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Zaslavskiĭ, V. A. Insect development: Photoperiodic and temperature control. Edited by Veerman A. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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DeHayes, D. H. Critical temperature: A quantitative method of assessing cold tolerance. Broomall, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1989.

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Karvonen, Tuomo. A model for predicting the effect of drainage on soil moisture, soil temperature and crop yield. Otaniemi, Finland: Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, 1988.

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DeHayes, D. H. Critical temperature: A quantitative method of assessing cold tolerance. Broomall, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1989.

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Josipovic, Stanislas. Heat stress: Causes, treatment and prevention. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2012.

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Green, Rochelle. The effect of temperature on hospital admissions in nine California counties: Final paper. Sacramento, Calif.]: California Energy Commission, 2009.

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Morgan, Karin. Short-term thermoregulatory responses of horses to brief changes in ambient temperature. Uppsala, Sweden: Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionenför lantbruksteknik, 1996.

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Krechetov, P. P. Ėkologo-geograficheskiĭ analiz temperaturnogo rezhima pochv Vostochno-Evropeĭskoĭ ravniny i Predkavkazʹi︠a︡. Moskva: Pelikan, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

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Okon, Okon Godwin. "Effect of Salinity on Physiological Processes in Plants." In Soil Biology, 237–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18975-4_10.

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Bhattacharya, Amitav. "Effect of Soil Water Deficits on Plant–Water Relationship: A Review." In Soil Water Deficit and Physiological Issues in Plants, 1–98. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6276-5_1.

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Bhattacharya, Amitav. "Effect of Soil Water Deficit on Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants: A Review." In Soil Water Deficit and Physiological Issues in Plants, 193–285. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6276-5_3.

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Bhattacharya, Amitav. "Effect of Soil Water Deficit on Growth and Development of Plants: A Review." In Soil Water Deficit and Physiological Issues in Plants, 393–488. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6276-5_5.

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Loiseau, P., J. F. Soussana, and E. Casella. "Effect of Climatic Changes (CO2, Temperature) on Grassland Ecosystems: First Five Months’ Experimental Results." In Soil Responses to Climate Change, 223–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79218-2_20.

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Mengel, K., and E. Schubert. "Effect of Soil pH on Nitrogenase Activity, Crop Yield and Rhizobium Multiplication." In Physiological Limitations and the Genetic Improvement of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, 137–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1401-8_15.

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Cink, J. H., and J. R. Coats. "Effect of Concentration, Temperature, and Soil Moisture on the Degradation of Chlorpyrifos in an Urban Iowa Soil." In ACS Symposium Series, 62–69. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0522.ch007.

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Singh, R. P., J. Singh, S. R. Deshmukh, and A. Kumar. "The Effect of Grafted and Ungrafted Guargum on Turbulent Flow of Water and on Hydraulic Conductivity of Soil." In The Influence of Polymer Additives on Velocity and Temperature Fields, 131–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82632-0_11.

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Goel, Lalit, R. K. Sharma, and Vijay Shankar. "Effect of Use of Crop Residues (Waste Materials) on Soil Moisture and Soil Temperature in Potato Crop Under Mid-Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh, India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 35–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02707-0_5.

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Gacheru, Eva N., Charles K. K. Gachene, Patrick T. Gicheru, and Lieven Claessens. "Effect of Mulching on Soil Temperature and Moisture for Potato Production in Agro-ecological Zones of Central Highlands of Kenya." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 2415–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_86.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

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Tian, Hongwei, Linmao Ye, and Haibo Chen. "Study on effect of soil temperature on FDR soil moisture sensor in frozen soil." In Third International Conference on Photonics and Image in Agriculture Engineering (PIAGENG 2013), edited by Honghua Tan. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2019726.

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Cui, Fu-Xing, Jin-Feng Song, Dao-Guang Zhu, Jin-Bo Li, Zhen-Yang Qi, Lin Shan, and Hong-Wei Ni. "Effects of Oxalic Acid on Physiological-biochemical Traits of Cold Temperate Larix gmelinii Seedlings under Soil Nutrient Deficiency." In The International Conference on Biological Sciences and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/bst-16.2016.49.

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Farahani, Hamid. "Effect of Soil Texture, Water Content and Temperature on Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2011. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.3614301.

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Ikkonen, E. N., V. A. Sidorova, S. Yu Chazhengina, T. G. Shibaeva, and M. G. Yurkevich. "The effect of shungite in the soil on the basic physiological processes of plants." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-192.

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Ying Guo, Jiancheng Shi, and Kebiao Mao. "Surface temperature effect on soil moisture retrieval from AMSR-E." In 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4423018.

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Ley, Obdulia, and Yildiz Bayazitoglu. "Effect of Physiological Parameters on the Temperature Distribution of a Layered Head Model." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32044.

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Brain temperature control is important in clinical therapy, because moderate temperature reduction of brain temperature increases the survival rate after head trauma. A factor that affects the brain temperature distribution is the cerebral blood flow, which is controlled by autoregulatory mechanisms. To improve the existing thermal models of brain, we incorporate the effect of the temperature over the metabolic heat generation, and the regulatory processes that control the cerebral blood perfusion and depend on physiological parameters like, the mean arterial blood pressure, the partial pressure of oxygen, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption. The introduction of these parameters in a thermal model gives information about how specific conditions, such as brain edema, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or hypotension, affect the temperature distribution within the brain. Existing biological thermal models of the human brain, assume constant blood perfusion, and neglect metabolic heat generation or consider it constant, which is a valid assumption for healthy tissue. But during sickness, trauma or under the effect of drugs like anesthetics, the metabolic activity and organ blood flow vary considerably, and such variations must be accounted for in order to achieve accurate thermal modeling. Our work, on a layered head model, shows that variations of the physiological parameters have profound effect on the temperature gradients within the head.
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Tang, Chao-Sheng, Yu-Jun Cui, Anh-Minh Tang, Bin Shi, and Chun Liu. "Quantification and Characterization of Temperature Effect on Desiccation Crack Network in Soil." In Geo-Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412787.076.

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Shaohu Tang, Lichao Wei, Xupeng Zhao, Li Yang, and Yue Zhou. "Effect of DMSO and trehalose on physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under low temperature stress." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5965697.

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Bandara, R. M. U. S., T. K. Ilangakoon, H. M. M. K. K. H. Dissanayaka, Y. M. S. H. I. U. De Silva, C. H. Piyasiri, and D. M. C. B. Dissanayaka. "EFFECT OF ELEVATED TEMPERATURE ON WEED SEED GERMINATION IN PADDY SOIL SEED BANK." In International Conference on Agriculture and Forestry. The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/icoaf.2017.3103.

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Muratova, A. Yu, A. A. Nurzhanova, and O. V. Turkovskaya. "Effect of heavy metals and hydrocarbons on rhizosphere microbial communities of Miscanthus × giganteus." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.178.

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Microbiological analysis of soil from the root zone of Miscanthus × giganteus revealed differences in the physiological and taxonomic structure of the rhizosphere microbial community under the influence of soil contamination with zinc and oil sludge.
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Reports on the topic "Soil temperature – Physiological effect"

1

Mazzaro, Gregory J., Gregory D. Smith, Getachew Kirose, and Kelly D. Sherbondy. Effect of Cold Temperature on the Dielectric Constant of Soil. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561950.

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Dyrness, C. T., L. A. Vlereck, M. J. Foote, and J. C. Zasada. The effect on vegetation and soil temperature of logging flood-plain white spruce. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-392.

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Workman, Austin, and Jay Clausen. Meteorological property and temporal variable effect on spatial semivariance of infrared thermography of soil surfaces for detection of foreign objects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41024.

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The environmental phenomenological properties responsible for the thermal variability evident in the use of thermal infrared (IR) sensor systems is not well understood. The research objective of this work is to understand the environmental and climatological properties contributing to the temporal and spatial thermal variance of soils. We recorded thermal images of surface temperature of soil as well as several meteorological properties such as weather condition and solar irradiance of loamy soil located at the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab (CRREL) facility. We assessed sensor performance by analyzing how recorded meteorological properties affected the spatial structure by observing statistical differences in spatial autocorrelation and dependence parameter estimates.
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Quinn, Meghan. Geotechnical effects on fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing performance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41325.

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Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a fiber optic sensing system that is used for vibration monitoring. At a minimum, DAS is composed of a fiber optic cable and an optic analyzer called an interrogator. The oil and gas industry has used DAS for over a decade to monitor infrastructure such as pipelines for leaks, and in recent years changes in DAS performance over time have been observed for DAS arrays that are buried in the ground. This dissertation investigates the effect that soil type, soil temperature, soil moisture, time in-situ, and vehicle loading have on DAS performance for fiber optic cables buried in soil. This was accomplished through a field testing program involving two newly installed DAS arrays. For the first installation, a new portion of DAS array was added to an existing DAS array installed a decade prior. The new portion of the DAS array was installed in four different soil types: native fill, sand, gravel, and an excavatable flowable fill. Soil moisture and temperature sensors were buried adjacent to the fiber optic cable to monitor seasonal environmental changes over time. Periodic impact testing was performed at set locations along the DAS array for over one year. A second, temporary DAS array was installed to test the effect of vehicle loading on DAS performance. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the DAS response was used for all the tests to evaluate the system performance. The results of the impact testing program indicated that the portions of the array in gravel performed more consistently over time. Changes in soil moisture or soil temperature did not appear to affect DAS performance. The results also indicated that time DAS performance does change somewhat over time. Performance variance increased in new portions of array in all material types through time. The SNR in portions of the DAS array in native silty sand material dropped slightly, while the SNR in portions of the array in sand fill and flowable fill material decreased significantly over time. This significant change in performance occurred while testing halted from March 2020 to August 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. These significant changes in performance were observed in the new portion of test bed, while the performance of the prior installation remained consistent. It may be that, after some time in-situ, SNR in a DAS array will reach a steady state. Though it is unfortunate that testing was on pause while changes in DAS performance developed, the observed changes emphasize the potential of DAS to be used for infrastructure change-detection monitoring. In the temporary test bed, increasing vehicle loads were observed to increase DAS performance, although there was considerable variability in the measured SNR. The significant variation in DAS response is likely due to various industrial activities on-site and some disturbance to the array while on-boarding and off-boarding vehicles. The results of this experiment indicated that the presence of load on less than 10% of an array channel length may improve DAS performance. Overall, this dissertation provides guidance that can help inform the civil engineering community with respect to installation design recommendations related to DAS used for infrastructure monitoring.
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