Academic literature on the topic 'Soils – Potassium content'

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Journal articles on the topic "Soils – Potassium content"

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Madaras, M., and M. Koubová. "Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, no. 5 (May 20, 2015): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8190-pse.

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Madaras, M., and M. Koubová. "Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, No. 5 (June 6, 2016): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/171/2015-pse.

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Najafi-Ghiri, M., and A. Abtahi. "Potassium fixation in soil size fractions of arid soils." Soil and Water Research 8, No. 2 (May 15, 2013): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/52/2012-swr.

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Amounts of potassium (K) fixed in soil fractions of 10 calcareous soils of southern Iran were measured to evaluate the contributions of different soil size fractions to K fixation. Soil particles were fractionated after dispersion of the soils with an ultrasonic probe. Potassium fixation analysis was done by addition of 1000 mg K/kg samples. Mineralogy of the size fractions was determined by X-ray diffraction. The clay fractions were dominated by smectite, chlorite, mica, and palygorskite. Potassium fixation capacities ranged from 104 to 148 mg/kg for clay, from 102 to 155 mg/kg for silt, and from 96 to 187 mg/kg for sand fractions. A positive and significant relationship (P < 0.05) was obtained between K fixation capacity and smectite content for the clay fractions. High amounts of K fixed in the sand fraction may be explained by a larger diffusion path of fixed K out of the frayed edges of micaceous and smectitic minerals into the extracting solution, low cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the coarse fraction and thereby the high concentration gradient along solution and interlayers, physical entrapment of K ions in coarse aggregates cemented by carbonates, and by the presence of clay particles in coarse fractions due to incomplete dispersion of coarse aggregates.
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Jakab, Anita. "The ammonium lactate soluble potassium and phosphorus content of the soils of north-east Hungary region: a quantifying study." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/drcsf/1.1.2.

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Half of the orchards of Hungary are in Szatmár-Bereg County. The county is in North-east Hungary. The total area of this micro region (5936 km²) covers 6.6% of the country’s overall territory (90 030 km2). The most common soil types of the planted areas in Szatmár and Bereg region are acidic meadow (WRB Vertisol) and acidic sediment (WRB Fluvisol) soils, while sandy (WRB Arenosol) soils dominate the neighboring area (Nyírség). In this study several chemical parameters were investigated, including ammonium lactate (AL) soluble phosphorus and potassium content of soils of fruit plantations. Ammonium soluble phosphorus and potassium contents of soils are represent determining the current amount of phosphorus and potassium available to plants in the soil solution. We established nutrient deficiency caused by acidification of soils and the need for rational fertilization of the soils in the region. Results of soil analysis can contribute to sustainable soil and land use by considering soil and plant nutrient requirements.
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Samadi, A., B. Dovlati, and M. Barin. "Effect of continuous cropping on potassium forms and potassium adsorption characteristics in calcareous soils of Iran." Soil Research 46, no. 3 (2008): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr07156.

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The potassium (K) status of 5 major soil types, under sugar beet cultivation for 35–40 years, and adjoining virgin lands were compared. Fifty-nine paired surface soil samples belonging to 24 soil series from the major sugar beet growing areas in Western Azarbaijan province located in the north-west of Iran were studied to ascertain whether relative K form sizes and K adsorption behaviour of the soils are being changed by long-term cropping. The samples were analysed for soil physical and chemical properties, mineralogy of clay fraction, different forms of K, and K adsorption characteristics. The soils are alkaline and calcareous. The K-bearing mineral illite is the dominant clay mineral in Typic calcixerepts, Typic haploxerepts, and Typic endoaquepts, whereas in Vertic calcixerepts and Vertic endoquepts, the clay mineralogy is dominated by smectite. A highly significant relationship (r2 = 77, P ≤ 0.001) was observed between CEC and smectite content. No changes in K-bearing minerals were detected due to cropping and K depletion. Soil solution K (So-K) constituted 1.7% of exchangeable K (Ex-K) and 1.4% of non-exchangeable K (NEx-K) for the cultivated soils and 1.8% of Ex-K and 2% of NEx-K for the adjacent virgin land. A pronounced significant decline (P ≤ 0.001) in the Ex-K content from 507 to 270 mg/kg (a drop of 45%) and a less significant degree (P ≤ 0.05) in the So-K content from 28 to 12 mg/L (a drop of 55%) were detected in the soil series of Typic calcixerepts as a result of long-term cropping. Continuous sugar beet cropping did not result in changes in the NEx-K contents in any soils except in Vertic endoaquepts containing low illite. A highly significant positive relationship (r2 = 0.79, P ≤ 0.001) was observed between values of NEx-K and illite contents, indicating that this form of K is mainly released from the frayed edges of illite. Paired t-test revealed that continuous sugar beet cultivation increased significantly (P ≤ 0.01) K adsorption in Typic calcixerepts, Typic haploxerepts, and Vertic endoaquepts, where exchangeable K was decreased as a result of intensive cultivation.
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Zakharova, I. A., and Kh S. Iumashev. "PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM RESERVES IN THE MAIN TYPES OF ZONAL SOILS OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 3 (October 24, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2020-56-3-38-45.

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One of the most important tasks of land monitoring is to control the content of gross and mobile forms of basic nutrients in soils. The phosphate-potassium regime of the soil depends not only on its type and the geochemical composition of the soil-forming rock, but also on the landscape and the level of chemicalization of the soil. The low content of phosphorus in the soil in the main area of agricultural land limits the productivity of agrocenoses. The reserves of potassium in the soils of the region are quite high. However, monitoring of this indicator is still important. A comparative assessment of the phosphate-potassium regime of arable land and virgin lands under the same soilforming process is of scientific and practical interest. According to the research results, it has been established that black soils have the highest reserves level of gross and mobile forms of phosphorus. Dark gray mountain-forest soils have the lowest one. A widespread decrease in the reserves of mobile phosphorus in agricultural soils was revealed. This tendency is especially pronounced in dark gray mountain forest soils, ordinary and southern black soils. According to the results of monitoring, it was revealed that the reserves of exchangeable potassium in the main area of arable land and virgin land are gradually increased. In the dark gray mountain-forest soils, as well as leached black soils for five rounds of the survey, the reserves of exchangeable potassium decreased. It is necessary to adjust the dose of fertilizers into the farms with updated information on the agrochemical properties of the soil, taking into account the content of phosphorus and potassium in the arable layer. Also it is of great importance to take into account their removal with the crop and the utilization rate of nutrients from the soil and fertilizers.
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Ivanova, Natalia Nikolaevna, Vasily Ivanovich Kargin, Aleksandr Nikiphorovich Danilov, and Aleksandr Vladimirovich Letuchiy. "Agrochemical properties of alluvial soils of Insar river flood." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i11pp8-12.

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Studies show that the most fertile are the granular soils of the Central floodplain of the Insar river. They have high humus content in the upper horizons – 4.6-7.6 %. Down the profile, the humus content gradually decreases, but remains relatively high: at a depth of 60-70 cm – 4.0 %. The humus content in alluvial granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils is much lower. The active reaction of these soils is neutral or slightly acidic, since the river and groundwater of the Insar floodplain are medium mineralized and belong to the class of bicarbonate. The hydrolytic acidity of the alluvial granular soil of the Insar floodplain is 1.6-3.0 mg / 100 g of soil. The values of hydrolytic acidity of alluvial granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils are higher: 2.6-3.6 and 1.8–3.2 mg/100 g of soil, respectively. The studied alluvial soils are almost completely saturated with bases: 91-97 %. The studied alluvial granular soils of the Insar floodplain are characterized by an average content of available phosphorus. In granular-layered and meadow-marsh soils, the amount of this element is slightly less and is 7.0–5.1 and 7.4–5.4 mg/100 g of soil, respectively. The most potassium-rich alluvial granular soil in the floodplain of the Insar river, where the content of this element in the upper layers is characterized as high: 16.5–27.6 mg/100 g of soil. In the sod layer of granular-layered soil, potassium availability is average: 9.5-15.4 mg / 100 g of soil. In the turf layer of meadow-marsh soils, potassium content is observed for most crops (8.0-10.4 mg / 100 g of soil), with depth it decreases.
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Mao, Ying Ming, Gui Ru Xu, and Xiao Yu Pan. "Physicochemical Property and Nutrient Status of Soils in Urban Green Spaces in Xuzhou, China." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3102.

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Soil physicochemical properties and the nutrient status of urban green spaces (UGS) in Xuzhou were analyzed. The results show that the soil pH is neutral to alkaline. Influenced by alkaline chemical fertilizer and some building materials, the soil pH presents a rising tendency. The content of soil organic matter (SOM) content was low but variable, which is mainly attributed to the disturbance of anthropogenic activity. The distributions of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are relatively uniform but those of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium are highly dispersed. In addition, available phosphorus shows the most significant variation. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are lower than in the natural cinnamon soils, and their deficiencies will occur if no effective measures are taken in the near future.
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Neff, J. C., J. W. Harden, and G. Gleixner. "Fire effects on soil organic matter content, composition, and nutrients in boreal interior Alaska." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-154.

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Boreal ecosystems contain a substantial fraction of the earth's soil carbon stores and are prone to frequent and severe wildfires. In this study, we examine changes in element and organic matter stocks due to a 1999 wildfire in Alaska. One year after the wildfire, burned soils contained between 1071 and 1420 g/m2 less carbon than unburned soils. Burned soils had lower nitrogen than unburned soils, higher calcium, and nearly unchanged potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus stocks. Burned surface soils tended to have higher concentrations of noncombustible elements such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus compared with unburned soils. Combustion losses of carbon were mostly limited to surface dead moss and fibric horizons, with no change in the underlying mineral horizons. Burning caused significant changes in soil organic matter structure, with a 12% higher ratio of carbon to combustible organic matter in surface burned horizons compared with unburned horizons. Pyrolysis gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy also shows preferential volatilization of polysaccharide-derived organic matter and enrichment of lignin- and lipid-derived compounds in surface soils. The chemistry of deeper soil layers in burned and unburned sites was similar, suggesting that immediate fire impacts were restricted to the surface soil horizon.
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DIONNE, J. L., A. R. PESANT, and G. M. BARNETT. "EFFETS DE LA FUMURE POTASSIQUE ET DES RÉGIMES HYDRIQUES SUR LA RÉPONSE AU POTASSIUM DE LA LUZERNE ET DE LA FLÉOLE DES PRÉS." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 67, no. 4 (November 1, 1987): 811–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss87-078.

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The objectives of this study were to determine the changes in yield response and water use efficiency of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. 'Saranac') and timothy (Phleum pratense L. 'Climax') to potassium applications and variations in soil moisture regimes. For each of the two test crops the factorial combination of the following treatments were replicated three times: three soils (Ste Rosalie clay, Greensboro loam, and Danby sandy loam), potassium (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg K kg−1 of dry soil) and three moisture levels: (1) optimal, 70–100% of available water (AW); (2) semi-dry, 0–100% AW; and (3) dry, 0–50% AW. Yield increases of 68% for alfalfa and 40% for timothy were produced by potassium applied to soil under the optimal moisture regime with almost no yield increase under dry soil moisture conditions. Water use efficiency was higher for alfalfa than for timothy, and increased with rates of potassium on Greensboro loam and Danby sandy loam but not on Ste Rosalie clay. Potassium content of alfalfa was lower when grown at optimal soil moisture than in the dry regime. Differences in potassium content between moisture regimes were small for timothy. Due to higher yields, potassium uptake by alfalfa was greater when soils were cropped at optimal moisture. However, less exchangeable potassium was found after the experiment in soils cropped to alfalfa in the optimal moisture regime than in soils under the dry moisture regime. Therefore potassium fertilizer was most effective at the optimal moisture level (near field capacity). Key words: Potassium fertilization, exchangeable potassium, soil moisture regime, potassium uptake, alfalfa, timothy
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soils – Potassium content"

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Majeed, Suad Mohammed. "POTASSIUM RELEASE TO ALFALFA FROM SELECTED ARIZONA SOILS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275291.

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Agenbach, G. "Experiments to modify grape juice potassium content and wine quality on granite derived soils near Paardenberg." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3035.

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Thesis (MScAgric (Soil Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
High potassium content in grape juice and wine are associated with low quality red wine in warm wine producing countries. In an attempt to reduce the potassium content of juice, must and wine, a field experiment was laid out on the farms Meerlus and Kersfontein in the Paardeberg area near Wellington in 1998 on granite derived soils to investigate the effect of canopy management and fertiliser applications on berry K accumulation and wine quality. Four fertiliser applications, three canopy treatments and a MgSO4 foliar spray were studied. The three fertiliser treatments being: none (control), CaSO4, Ca(OH)2, and MgSO4 applications. The canopy treatments were: thin to two shoots per bearer, tip, vertical shoot positioning (VSP) and the removal of yellow leaves and lateral shoots (canopy 1), thin to three shoots per bearer, top after véraison and VSP (canopy 2) and VSP with top after véraison (canopy 3/control). Magnesium sulfate sprays were applied at véraison for two seasons (1999/00 and 2000/01). Seasonal effects produced the most significant differences in this experiment. Canopy treatments did not affect juice K concentration at harvest. Canopy 1 and 2 produced significantly lower wine pH values at Kersfontein. Fertiliser treatments had no effect on juice K concentration nor did it affect wine quality. Magnesium sulphate foliar sprays did not affect juice K concentration at harvest but significantly lowered juice and wine pH, improved wine colour density and total phenolic content. It appears for this experiment that soil K content before véraison, shoot growth at and after véraison and water stress after véraison were the main factors determining juice K concentration at harvest.
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Agenbach, G. "Experiments to modify grape juice potassium content and wine quality on granite derived soils near Paardeberg /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/488.

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Simpson, Lisa G. "Impact of long-term manure application on soil macronutrient levels in Southern Alberta." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2010, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3098.

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The role of manure applications on soil nutrient dynamics in years after manure applications cease has not been extensively studied. An investigation of two long-term manure trials in the Battersea Drain watershed in southern Alberta was undertaken in 2004 to determine changes in soil nutrient status three years after the initial study was completed. The investigation of the nutrient status of an intensive livestock operation was another component of the study. There was a significant decrease in levels of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plots that received manure application rates over 60 Mg ha-1. The nutrient status of the farm showed a net export of nitrogen and an accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Recommendations for alternate methods for handling manure were presented.
x, 120 leaves : ill (some col.), col. maps ; 29 cm
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Jesus, Jovan de. "Atributos do solo e da nutrição do cafeeiro em sistema agroflorestal e em monocultivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-18112008-140731/.

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A produção de café é uma atividade importante para a economia do Brasil, maior produtor e também principal exportador. O cafeeiro apresenta ciclo bienal de produção, cuja oscilação é acentuada no Brasil dada às condições climáticas e ao sistema de cultivo predominante a pleno sol. Pesquisas envolvendo avaliação do estado nutricional do cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais são raras, o que dificulta as recomendações de adubação para esta condição. Objetivou-se neste estudo, o melhor entendimento da fertilidade do solo e do estado nutricional do cafeeiro em relação aos teores de N e K no microclima gerado pelo sistema agroflorestal e em monocultivo. A pesquisa foi conduzida no período de março de 2006 a maio de 2008, no campo experimental pertencente ao Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz da Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP) em Piracicaba SP, localizada nas coordenadas geográficas 220 42 20 S, 470 37 22 W e altitude 565 m. O experimento foi composto de seringueiras do clone PB 235, plantada em dezembro de 1991, no espaçamento de 8,0 x 2,5 m e cafeeiros cv. Obatã IAC 1669-20, plantado em janeiro de 2002, no espaçamento de 3,4 x 0,9 m, sob diferentes condições de sombreamento: no sub-bosque e interfaceando as árvores da seringueira e em monocultivo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. O experimento de avaliação da fertilidade do solo constou de seis tratamentos, constituídos pelas radiações sobre o solo: 1) 6,4%; 2) 7%; 3) 35,4%; 4) 47,5%; 5) 60,9%; 6) 64,9%. O experimento de avaliação dos teores foliares de N e K do cafeeiro constou de quatro tratamentos, constituídos pelas radiações sobre os cafeeiros: 1) 35%; 2) 45%; 3) 90%; 4) 100%. O estudo constou, adicionalmente, dos experimentos de deposição e avaliação da velocidade de decomposição da serapilheira, frações da matéria orgânica, crescimento, peso foliar específico, anatomia foliar, maturação dos frutos e produção do cafeeiro e qualidade da bebida do café. As variáveis analisadas no experimento de fertilidade do solo foram; pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, soma de bases, H+Al, CTC, V % e matéria orgânica; a avaliação do estado nutricional constou das análises das variáveis N e K foliar. Os atributos de fertilidade do solo (pH e V %), foram mais elevados nos tratamentos 6,4%, 7% e 35,4%, especialmente nas camadas superficiais (0-2 e 2-7 cm) e o teor de matéria orgânica na camada de 0-2 cm, proporcionados pelas seringueiras. Menores teores de K do solo ocorreram nos tratamentos 7% e 35,4%, devido a absorção pelas seringueiras. A característica de CTC elevada do solo não foi modificada pelos tratamentos. Os teores foliares de N e K do cafeeiro a pleno sol alcançaram valores mais elevados e mais baixos, respectivamente, do que aqueles dos cafeeiros à sombra. Os cafeeiros sob 45% de irradiância mantiveram estado nutricional adequado em relação aos teores foliares de N e K.
Coffee production is an important activity in the economy of Brazil, first world producer and exporter. Coffee trees present biennial production cycles, with oscillation accentuated due to the climatic conditions and the production system in monocrop under full natural radiation. Studies involving the evaluation of nutritional status of coffee in agroforestry systems are scarce, what difficult the fertilization recommendations for this conditions. The objective of the this study was of getting a better understanding of the soil fertility and nutritional status, specially for the N and K content, of coffee trees under agroforestry system and monocrop. The research was conducted from March 2006 to May 2008, at the experimental field of the Plant Production Department of the Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz of the Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), in Piracicaba SP (220 42 20 S, 470 37 22 W) at the altitude of 565 m. The experiment was composed of rubber trees, clone PB 235, planted in December 1991, in the spacing of 8.0 x 2.5 m and coffee trees cv. Obatã IAC 1669-20, planted in January 2002, in the spacing of 3.4 x 0.9 m, under different shading conditions: undertorey or interfacing the rubber trees and in monocrop. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The soil fertility experiment had six treatments, done by the different radiation regimes reaching the soil surface: 1) 6.4%; 2) 7%; 3) 35.4%; 4) 47.5%; 5) 60.9%; 6) 64.9%. The coffee nutritional status, in terms of the N and K leaf content had four treatments, done by the different radiation regime reaching the coffee canopy: 1) 35%; 2) 45%; 3) 90%; 4) 100%. Additionally, the study involved the evaluation of the litter deposition and decomposition rates, the soil organic matter fractions, coffee trees growth, its specific leaf area and anatomy, beans maturation, coffee yield and beverage quality. The variable under analysis in the soil fertility experiment were; pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, bases sum, H+Al, CTC, V % and organic matter; in the nutritional status were the N and K leaf content. The soil fertility attributes of pH and V % were improved in the treatments 6.4%, 7% e 35.4%, specially in the upper soils layers (0-2 e 2-7 cm) and organic matter content in the top soil layer (0-2 cm), due to the effect of the rubber trees. Lower K contents in the soil occurred in the treatments 7% e 35.4%, due to the rubber root uptake. The natural high CTC of the soil was not modified by treatments. N and K leaf content of coffee trees under full natural radiation (monocrop) reached the highest and lowest levels, respectively, in comparison with coffee trees under shade. Coffee at 45% of natural radiation maintained appropriate nutritional status in terms of N and K leaf content.
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Mozaffari, Morteza. "Potassium supplying power of an alluvial soil in Massachusetts /." 1990. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3418.

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Crill, Roberta L. "Postpartum disorders associated with high potassium forages in Holstein cows." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33622.

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Until recently, occurrence of milk fever (MF) has been attributed to prepartum calcium intake. However, researchers in Iowa have concluded that high prepartum dietary potassium (K) is the major cause of MF. Potassium concentrations have been increasing on manure fertilized soils over the last 20 years. Grasses grown on these fields mirror the increase in available soil K. When high K forages are fed to dry cows, it has been associated with increased MF in some, but not all cases. Our objective was to identify factors that differed between low and high occurrence of disorders when high K forages were fed. For 1 yr, monthly interviews were conducted on 10 dairies in Western Oregon. Close-up rations, dystocia rating, crowding, and cow comfort data were collected. Cows were diagnosed healthy or having one or more of the following metabolic diseases: MF, retained fetal membranes (RFM), and left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Feedstuffs were collected each month and analyzed for dry matter, crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and macrominerals. Of the multiparous cows (n=3,587) included, incidences of MF, RFM and LDA were 3.6, 11.3, and 1.5%, respectively. Increasing MF occurrence was associated with uncomfortable conditions, dystocia, increasing prepartum dietary Na and ADF, and increasing Ca to P ratios; there was also a dietary K by Mg concentration interaction. Increased dietary concentrations of Mg can prevent MF if dietary K is <2.6%. In addition, dietary conditions of K >2.6% and Mg >0.4% increase the occurrence of MF. Inversely, high concentrations of K can prevent MF in a Mg deficient diet. Dietary factors associated with an increase in the occurrence of RFM are increased dietary concentrations of Ca, S, CP, use of anionic salts, and the K forage source. Factors associated with an increase in hypocalcemia in the postpartum cow are crowding, uncomfortable housing, and a dietary K by Mg concentration interaction. In conclusion, improved cow comfort, and the addition of Mg to high K forage diets could decrease the risk of the cow exhibiting MF, RFM, and hypocalcemia.
Graduation date: 1999
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Books on the topic "Soils – Potassium content"

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Mutscher, H. Measurement and assessment of soil potassium. Basel, Switzerland: International Potash Institute, 1995.

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Zharikova, E. Kaliĭ v pochvakh Vostochnoĭ burozemno-lesnoĭ oblasti Rossii. Vladivostok: Dalʹnauka, 2006.

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Cihacek, L. J. Summary of soil fertility levels for North Dakota, 1991-2001. Fargo, N.D: NDSU Extension Service, 2009.

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Abudueva, T. I. Glinistye mineraly i kaliĭnoe sostoi︠a︡nie stepnykh pochv Zapadnogo Zabaĭkalʹi︠a︡. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN, 2005.

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Ohno, Tsutomu. Phosphorus and potassium availability in wood ash-amended soils: An incubation study. Orono, Me: Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station, University of Maine, 1994.

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Ghorayshi, Majid. Potassium reactions in three Swedish soils under intensive cropping as related to clay mineralogy. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Soil and Ecochemistry, 1988.

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Regional, Symposium on K.-Availability in Soils of West Asia and North Africa (1993 Tehran Iran). K availability of soils in West Africa and North Africa: Status and perspectives. Basel, Switzerland: International Potash Institute, 1997.

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Colloquium, International Potash Institute. Methodology in soil-K research: Proceedings of the 20th Colloquium of the International Potash Institute held in Baden bei Wien. Bern, Switzerland: The Institute, 1987.

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Colloquium, International Potash Institute. Potassium in Asia: Balanced fertilization to increase and sustain agricultural production : 24th Colloquium of the International Potash Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand, February 21-24, 1995. Basel, Switzerland: The Institute, 1995.

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I︠A︡kimenko, V. N. Kaliĭ v agrot︠s︡enozakh Zapadnoĭ Sibiri: Potassium in agrocenoses of Western Siberia. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soils – Potassium content"

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Bell, Michael J., Antonio P. Mallarino, Jeff Volenec, Sylvie Brouder, and David W. Franzen. "Considerations for Selecting Potassium Placement Methods in Soil." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 341–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_12.

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AbstractPlacement strategies can be a key determinant of efficient use of applied fertilizer potassium (K), given the relative immobility of K in all except the lightest textured soils or high rainfall environments. Limitations to K accessibility by plants caused by immobility in the soil are further compounded by the general lack of K-stimulated root proliferation in localized soil zones enriched with K alone, compared with root proliferation due to concentrated N and P. Further, effects of K fixation reactions in soils with certain clay mineralogies and the declining concentration and activity of soil solution K with increasing clay content can also limit plant K acquisition. Variation in root system characteristics among crops in a rotation sequence and fluctuating soil moisture conditions in fertilized soil horizons in rain-fed systems increase the complexity of fertilizer placement decisions to ensure efficient K recovery and use. This complexity has resulted in extensive exploration of fertilizer K application strategies, with this chapter focusing on K applications to the soil. Issues discussed include comparisons of broadcast versus banded applications, depth of fertilizer placement, and the impacts of co-location of K with other nutrients. While research findings are often specific to the crop, soil, and seasonal conditions under which they are conducted, we attempt to identify strategies that most consistently deliver improved crop recovery and utilization of fertilizer K.
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Rosolem, Ciro A., Antonio P. Mallarino, and Thiago A. R. Nogueira. "Considerations for Unharvested Plant Potassium." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 147–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_6.

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AbstractPotassium (K) is found in plants as a free ion or in weak complexes. It is easily released from living or decomposing tissues, and it should be considered in fertilization programs. Several factors affect K cycling in agroecosystems, including soil and fertilizer K contributions, plant K content and exports, mineralization rates from residues, soil chemical reactions, rainfall, and time. Soil K+ ions can be leached, remain as exchangeable K, or migrate to non-exchangeable forms. Crop rotations that include vigorous, deep-rooted cover crops capable of exploring non-exchangeable K in soil are an effective strategy for recycling K and can prevent leaching below the rooting zone in light-textured soils. The amount of K released by cover crops depends on biomass production. Potassium recycled with non-harvested components of crops also varies greatly. Research with maize, soybean, and wheat has shown that 50–60% of K accumulated in vegetative tissues is released within 40–45 days. A better understanding of K cycling would greatly improve the efficacy of K management for crop production. When studying K cycling in agricultural systems, it is important to consider: (1) K addition from fertilizers and organic amendments; (2) K left in residues; (3) K partitioning differences among species; (4) soil texture; (5) soil pools that act as temporary sources or sinks for K. In this chapter, the role of cash and cover crops and organic residues on K cycling are explored to better understand how these factors could be integrated into making K fertilizer recommendations.
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Bell, Michael J., Michael L. Thompson, and Philip W. Moody. "Using Soil Tests to Evaluate Plant Availability of Potassium in Soils." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 191–218. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_8.

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AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to describe how bioavailable soil K is assessed or predicted by soil tests. Soil testing commonly refers to the collection of a sample of soil representative of a field or agronomic management unit and, by way of extraction using chemical reagents, determination of the quantity of a nutrient that can be related to plant uptake or yield. Normally only a small fraction of the total quantity of the nutrient present in the soil is extracted during the procedure, but if that amount can be correlated with actual crop uptake or overall crop productivity, then the soil test is deemed to have useful predictive power.Soil tests are routinely used to guide applications of fertilizer to soil so that crop demand for nutrients can be met effectively and economically. Here, we summarize the procedures involved in collecting a representative soil sample for K analysis, outline how that sample should be prepared for laboratory analysis, highlight the principles and mode of action of routine soil tests, and explore some common issues that may confound the correlation between a soil K test result and plant K acquisition or crop yield. Soil testing methods are discussed in the context of their relationship to the different forms of soil K and the in-soil chemical processes that may change these forms into K that can be taken up by roots.
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White, Philip J., Michael J. Bell, Ivica Djalovic, Philippe Hinsinger, and Zed Rengel. "Potassium Use Efficiency of Plants." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 119–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_5.

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AbstractThere are many terms used to define aspects of potassium (K) use efficiency of plants. The terms used most frequently in an agricultural context are (1) agronomic K use efficiency (KUE), which is defined as yield per unit K available to a crop and is numerically equal to the product of (2) the K uptake efficiency (KUpE) of the crop, which is defined as crop K content per unit K available and (3) its K utilization efficiency (KUtE), which is defined as yield per unit crop K content. There is considerable genetic variation between and within plant species in KUE, KUpE, and KUtE. Root systems of genotypes with greatest KUpE often have an ability (1) to exploit the soil volume effectively, (2) to manipulate the rhizosphere to release nonexchangeable K from soil, and (3) to take up K at low rhizosphere K concentrations. Genotypes with greatest KUtE have the ability (1) to redistribute K from older to younger tissues to maintain growth and photosynthesis and (2) to reduce vacuolar K concentration, while maintaining an appropriate K concentration in metabolically active subcellular compartments, either by anatomical adaptation or by greater substitution of K with other solutes in the vacuole. Genetic variation in traits related to KUpE and KUtE might be exploited in breeding crop genotypes that require less K fertilizer. This could reduce fertilizer costs, protect the environment, and slow the exhaustion of nonrenewable resources.
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Brouder, Sylvie M., Jeffrey J. Volenec, and T. Scott Murrell. "The Potassium Cycle and Its Relationship to Recommendation Development." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 1–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_1.

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AbstractNutrient recommendation frameworks are underpinned by scientific understanding of how nutrients cycle within timespans relevant to management decision-making. A trusted potassium (K) recommendation is comprehensive enough in its components to represent important differences in biophysical and socioeconomic contexts but simple and transparent enough for logical, practical use. Here we examine a novel six soil-pool representation of the K cycle and explore the extent to which existing recommendation frameworks represent key plant, soil, input, and loss pools and the flux processes among these pools. Past limitations identified include inconsistent use of terminology, misperceptions of the universal importance and broad application of a single soil testing diagnostic, and insufficient correlation/calibration research to robustly characterize the probability and magnitude of crop response to fertilizer additions across agroecozones. Important opportunities to advance K fertility science range from developing a better understanding of the mode of action of diagnostics through use in multivariate field trials to the use of mechanistic models and systematic reviews to rigorously synthesize disparate field studies and identify knowledge gaps and/or novel targets for diagnostic development. Finally, advancing evidence-based K management requires better use of legacy and newly collected data and harnessing emerging data science tools and e-infrastructure to expand global collaborations and accelerate innovation.
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Afanas’ev, Rafail A., and Genrietta E. Merzlaya. "The Content of Exchange Potassium in Soil with Prolonged Application of Fertilizers: Impact of Soil on Food Safety." In Food Product Optimization for Quality and Safety Control, 17–29. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003003144-2.

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Tkachuk, Оlexander, and Nataliia Telekalo. "AGROECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF LEGUMES IN CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE." In Integration of traditional and innovation processes of development of modern science. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-021-6-33.

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The ecological significance of leguminous crops grown in modern intensive crop rotation in Ukraine is considered. In particular, the sown areas of common leguminous crops in Ukraine and the level of their productivity have been analyzed. A comparison is made with the acreage of common field crops in Ukraine. The volume of accumulation of by-products in the form of their straw and stubble is calculated. A comparison is made for these indicators with the most widespread grain crops grown in Ukraine. The data on the content of the main nutrients in the by-products of leguminous crops – nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are given. On the basis of these indicators, a calculation was made of the accumulation of the main nutrients in the soil, which can come with by-products of leguminous crops at their average yield. We also compared the obtained indicators with the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium into the soil with by-products of the most common grain crops. Calculated symbiotic nitrogen fixation by leguminous crops. Based on this, a conclusion was made about the most effective leguminous crops, the cultivation of which in the modern intensive crop rotation of Ukraine will more contribute to the stabilization of the agroecological state of the soil. It is proved that an increase in the areas of leguminous crops in the intensive crop rotation of Ukraine will have a positive effect on the agroecological state of the soil. In particular, growing beans allows you to get the highest mass of by-products, which can be buried in the soil – 3.5 t/ha. Also, the by-products of beans provide the input into the soil of all mineral phosphorus – 12.6 kg/ha of all leguminous crops, as well as potassium – 16.5 kg/ha. By-products allow to accumulate more mineral nitrogen in the soil with by-products – 38.4 kg/ha. Also, soybeans are characterized by a high symbiotic nitrogen-fixing ability among all leguminous crops – 120 kg/ha.
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B., Swapna, S. Manivannan, and M. Kamalahasan. "Soil Nutrients and pH Level Testing Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques for Crop Selection." In Handbook of Research on Innovations and Applications of AI, IoT, and Cognitive Technologies, 485–98. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6870-5.ch033.

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The multivariate data analysis technique is used to determine the highly impacted data in soil and crop growth. The importance and relationship between soil variables were factored by using the regression analysis technique. The correlation matrix technique was used for comparing several variables to correlate positive and negative signs. From the soil testing procedure and understanding of results, it shows that soil nutrients and pH level have a powerful effect on variation in the usage of fertilizers, crop selection, and high crop yield. pH determination can be used to indicate whether the soil is suitable for the plant's growth or in need of adjustment to produce optimum plant growth. Based upon the predictive analysis results, nitrogen and potassium content are naturally high compared to other soil nutrients of this region and suggested fertilizers required for crop growth. To produce healthy crop yield, farmers should select the crops as per soil types, nutrients level, and pH level.
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Simbeye, Daudi Samson. "Deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks for Soil Macronutrients Measurements in Farms." In Environmental and Agricultural Informatics, 332–46. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9621-9.ch015.

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Farmers need accurate information about soil nutrient content if they are to apply the correct amount of fertilizer. Farmers who do not practice regular soil tests are facing numerous difficulties such a lack of accurate statistical information for soil and crop management, increased costs for fertilizers, and environmental degradation. However, traditional laboratory testing is costly and laborious, taking up to three weeks to complete. This study presents a technology which integrated various elements into a portable in-field device that measures soil macronutrients of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) and soil pH. Then it transmits the measured data wirelessly to remote base station for analysis, presentation and storage in real-time. Farmers can access the information from the base station server through their mobile phones. Firstly, the grower can use the test data to provide important indicators into the levels of nutrients in the soil which can be interpreted to stem over-use or under-use and efficiently manage their fertilizer application. Secondly, the system can decrease response time for the grower to implement alterations in the soil nutrient composition. And lastly, it can increase the awareness of precision agriculture, its benefits and usage amongst the average farmer. The results from this test provide important indicators into the levels of nutrients in the soil which can be interpreted to stem overuse or under-use. The grower can use the data compiled to efficiently manage their fertilizer application.
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Dalton, David R. "The Soil." In The Chemistry of Wine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687199.003.0012.

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The widespread practices of viniculture (the study of production of grapes for wine) and oenology (the study of winemaking) affirm the generalization that grapevines have fewer problems with mineral deficiency than many other crops. Only occasionally is the addition of iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) supplements to the soil needed. Addition of potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) to the soil is more common. And, of course, nitrogen (N) is critical for the production of proteins. Over the years, various transition metals (metals in groups three through twelve [3– 12] of the periodic table, Appendix 1) have been shown to be generally important. These groups include iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). Many metals are bound to organic molecules that are important for life. Some of the metals, such as copper (Cu) and iron (Fe), are important in electron transport while others, including manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe), inhibit reactive oxygen (O) species (ROSs) that can destroy cells. Metals serve both to cause some reactions to speed up, called positive catalysis while caus¬ing others (e.g., unwanted oxidation) to slow down (negative catalysis). It is not uncommon to add nitrogen (N), in the form of ammonium salts such as ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), as fertilizer to the soil in which the vines are growing. It is also common to increase the nitrogen (N) content in the soil by planting legumes (legumes have roots that are frequently colonized by nitrogen-fixing bacteria). Nitrogen- fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2), which plants cannot use, to forms, such as ammonia (NH3) or its equivalent, capable of absorption by plants. Nitrogen, used in plant proteins, tends to remain in the soil after harvest or decomposition. With sufficient nitrogen present in the soil the growth cycle can begin again in the following season without adding too much fertilizer. In a more general sense, however, it is clear (as mentioned earlier) that the soil must be capable of good drainage so the sub-soil parts of the plant do not rot and it must be loose enough to permit oxygen to be available to the growing roots.
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Conference papers on the topic "Soils – Potassium content"

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Cheverdin, Yu I., T. V. Titova, and V. A. Bespalov. "THE CONTENT OF EXCHANGEABLE POTASSIUM IN HYDROMORPHIC SOILS OF KAMENNAYA STEPPE." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-317-320.

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Bulimaga, Constantin, and Corina Certan. "Evaluarea impactului ecositemelor urbane asupra mediului în regiunea de dezvoltare economica Centru." In Impactul antropic asupra calitatii mediului. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53380/9789975330800.04.

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Regardless of the fact that both urban ecosystems studied – Orhei and Telenești – have purification stations, they are still an essential source of surface water pollution. The aqueous soil extract (Telenești) has a pH value of 8 up to 9.8 due to the high content of calcium and potassium in the soil, due to the fact that the area under investigation has a specific character caused by the spread of solonetz-type soils, solonized chernozems, and salinated soils. The anthropogenic impact in urban ecosystems produces an imbalance in the ratio of spontaneous species and ruderal and ruderal-segetal species. The number of spontaneous species is the indicator of the degree of anthropization in urban ecosystems. Urban ecosystems have a major impact on the environment.
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Zolotarev, Vladimir. "Efficiency of fertilizer application on seed stands of birdsfoot trefoil." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-25-73-50-58.

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On sod-podzolic medium-loamy soils of the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia with an average availability of mobile forms of phosphorus and an average close to low potassium content, high efficiency of using potash fertilizer together with phosphorus on birdsfoot trefoil seed crops was established. Effective doses of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, providing an increase in seed yield in the first year by 42–47% and, according to the aftereffect, in the second year by 17–33%, are the application of P30–60K90–120. Keywords: Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), seed herbage, phosphoric and potash mineral fertilizers, yield, seeds, sowing qualities.
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Kuzmenko, N. N. "COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF FERTILIZERS WHEN CULTIVATING FIBER FLAX." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.633-636.

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When cultivating fiber flax, it is recommended to calculate the doses of fertilizers for the main application by compensating for their removal by the crop. On sod-podzolic medium-loamy soil with mobile phosphorus content from high to very high, low and medium potassium content, phosphorus must be compensated by 100% due to fertilizers, and potassium-by 120 %. The optimal dose is N15P22K80. Fiber flax
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Teberdiev, Dalhat, Anna Rodionova, and Sergey Zapivalov. "INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND FERTILIZERS SYSTEMS FOR LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY HAYMAKING AND SOIL FERTILITY." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-22-70-34-39.

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When using long-term haymaking (73 years of use), the regularities of the influence of fertilizers and technological systems on the productivity and fertility of the soil are established. When using a technogenic system (without fertilizers), the productivity was 31.9 GJ/ha of exchange energy, the content of mobile phosphorus in the soil decreased by 37%, exchange potassium-by 19%, humus increased from 2.03 to 3.05%, with an annual humus content of 18 kg/ha. The highest productivity of haymaking over the past 27 years of use was observed in the technogenic-mineral system when using N180P45K90 —– 72.5 GJ/ha of exchange energy, 5.6 thousand feed. units, 922 kg/ha of raw protein. The content of mobile phosphorus in the soil increased by 232% compared to the initial one, humus from 2.03 to 2.94%, exchange potassium decreased by 18%, and the average annual accumulation of humus was 28 kg/ha.
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Balaji Sethuramasamyraja and Viacheslav I Adamchuk. "Agitated soil measurement method for integrated mapping of soil pH, potassium and nitrate contents." In Mid-Central Conference. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.26851.

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Stojic, Natasa, Mira Pucarevic, Milica Živkovic, Vesna Teofilovic, and Dunja Prokic. "UTICAJ OTPADA NA FIZIČKO-HEMIJSKE KARAKTERISTIKE ZEMLJIŠTA." In XXVI savetovanje o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.351s.

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Land exploitation directly affects the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil. Agricultural land can often be seen near the landfills. The question is how much waste affects the production potential of land. The research in this paper is focused on the influence of the municipal waste landfill on the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil. In soil samples were analyzed: pH in KCl, pH in H2O, CaCO3, humus, total nitrogen, P2O5, K2O and organic carbon. The obtained results indicate a negative impact of waste on the content of OC and the content of easily accessible phosphorus and potassium.
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Mody, Jaisen, Roman Saveliev, Ezra Bar-Ziv, and Miron Perelman. "Selection of Biomass Feedstock for Production of Biocoal for Coal-Fired Boilers." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32031.

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PGE in collaboration with EBC and MTU is carrying out a testing program to fire up to 100% of biocoal (torrefied biomass) in its 600 MW Boardman boiler. An important aspect of this program is the selection of suitable biomass feedstock from which biocoal will be produced, emphasizing potential problems of fouling and slagging in the boiler. We thoroughly tested seven different types of feedstock: Arundo Donax (AD), wheat waste, corn waste, woody hybrid poplar, and bark from hybrid poplar, woody pine, and bark from pine. It was found that all these material comprised significant amounts of soil (varying from 5–25% in weight) with low fusion temperatures and therefore must be avoided from flowing into the boiler. We developed a separation technology of the soil from the biomass and were able to obtain biomass feedstock only with the plant minerals. All separated biomass feedstock, from soil, showed mineral content that is respective to soil they grew at. Samples were characterized for ultimate and proximate analysis, ash content and analysis and fusion temperatures. AD, wheat, and corn showed high content of potassium and low flow temperatures and therefore may not be used at 100% firing test unless some of the mineral contents are removed to protect the boiler from corrosion and slagging. Woody and bark hybrid poplar were found to have high fusion temperatures; woody and bark pine showed flow temperatures around 2500°F. All four feedstock types can be used for 100% firing test, however, the ones which is mostly recommended are woody and bark hybrid poplar.
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Batyakhina N.A., N. A. "Methods for saving the productivity of slope lands." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-57.

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The influence of various annual multicomponent mixtures in the crop rotation link on its productivity and fertility of gray forest soil is shown. The complexity of the structure of plant communities has reduced the share of weeds in crop production annual mix, 2.6-3.7% and conservation tillage for wheat has increased by 2.5 times the phosphorus content is 1.9 times the potassium, 12% increased productivity.
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Karklina, Ilze, Zaiga Anna Zvaigzne, and Jelena Stola. "Chemical properties of needles as an indicator of nutrient status of fertilized coniferous stands." In Research for Rural Development 2020. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.26.2020.012.

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Enhanced forest growth may respond to demand of woody resources and contribute to the climate change mitigation. Forest soil treatment with fertilizers, as well as drainage and thinning enhance forest growth. The analysis of needles is an established method in forest science to identify the nutrient status in the forest stand and need for forest soil enrichment with fertilizers. The aim of this research is to estimate the efficiency of forest soil enrichment with wood ash and ammonium nitrate in order to eliminate nutrient deficiency in forest stands. Forest soil was enriched with wood ash fertilizer or ammonium nitrate in 2016–2017. The current year needles were collected from fertilized and control plots, from three trees in each plot. The samples were collected in the period 2018–2019. Total nitrogen (g kg-1), calcium (g kg-1), magnesium (g kg-1), and potassium (g kg-1) were analyzed in the collected samples. The chemical properties of collected needles were compared at the individual object level to estimate the impact of fertilizer on forest stand. A statistically significant increase in the concentrations of potassium and phosphorus was detected in some plots treated with wood ash and ammonium nitrate. In addition, a correlation analysis conducted between the variables of chemical properties of needles and soil showed few significant correlations between nutrient content in needles and in soil samples.
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