Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soils Soil colloids

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Academic literature on the topic 'Soils Soil colloids'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

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Klitzke, Sondra, Friederike Lang, Jason Kirby, Enzo Lombi, and Rebecca Hamon. "Lead, antimony and arsenic in dissolved and colloidal fractions from an amended shooting-range soil as characterised by multi-stage tangential ultrafiltration and centrifugation." Environmental Chemistry 9, no. 5 (2012): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en12010.

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Environmental context The size of soil colloids is – among other characteristics – crucial for the mobility of associated contaminants. We analysed the effect of liming on the size of colloids mobilised from strongly contaminated shooting-range soils using multi-stage tangential ultrafiltration (MTUF) for the size fractionation of dispersed soil colloids. Our results indicate the high analytical potential of MTUF and show that liming induces the aggregation of colloids, thereby decreasing the mobilisation of colloid-bound Sb and As, but increasing colloidal Pb. Abstract The size and composition of colloids are important factors controlling their relevance as carriers of metal(loid)s in soils. Liming, which is often used to reduce the effect of heavy metal contamination in soil, can alter concentrations and characteristics of colloids in soil suspension. In batch studies, we compared the influence of changing pH and cation valency on the size distribution and composition of dispersed colloids and on the concentrations of Pb, As and Sb associated with colloids and in solution following the addition of Ca(OH)2 and KOH to soil samples from a contaminated-shooting range site. Multi-stage tangential ultrafiltration (MTUF) and centrifugation were used for the size fractionation of colloids in aqueous suspension. An increase in soil pH resulted in an increase in colloid-associated Pb, with much higher concentrations in the KOH than in the Ca(OH)2 treated samples. In contrast colloid-associated Sb and As increased only in the KOH treated samples. Addition of the monovalent K-ion induced the dispersion of small (~9–220 nm) organo(-mineral) colloids, whereas the divalent Ca-ion suppressed their dispersion and led to the formation of larger colloids (220–1200 nm). Whereas centrifugation underestimated contaminants (i.e. Pb) associated with organic colloids (density <2.6 g cm–3) MTUF gave a distorted distribution of inorganic colloids (i.e. needle-shaped sesquioxides).
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Sepehrnia, Nasrollah, Olga Fishkis, Bernd Huwe, and Jörg Bachmann. "Natural colloid mobilization and leaching in wettable and water repellent soil under saturated condition." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 66, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2017-0058.

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AbstractThe coupled transport of pollutants that are adsorbed to colloidal particles has always been a major topic for environmental sciences due to many unfavorable effects on soils and groundwater. This laboratory column study was conducted under saturated moisture conditions to compare the hydrophobic character of the suspended and mobilized colloids in the percolates released from a wettable subsoil and a water repellent topsoil. Both soils with different organic matter content were analyzed for wettability changes before and after leaching using sessile drop contact angles as well as water and ethanol sorptivity curves, summarized as repellency index. Hydrophobicity of the effluent suspensions was assessed using the C18 adsorption method. Water repellency level of the repellent soil decreased after leaching but remained on a lower level of water repellency, while, the wettable soil remained wettable. The leached colloids from the repellent soil were predominantly hydrophilic and the percentage of the hydrophobic colloid fraction in the effluent did not systematically changed with time. Total colloid release depended on soil carbon stock but not on soil wettability. Our results suggest that due to the respective character of transported colloids a similar co-transport mechanism for pollutants may occur which does not depend explicitly on soil wettability of the releasing horizon, but could be more affected by total SOM content. Further studies with a wider range of soils are necessary to determine if the dominant hydrophilic character of leached colloids is typical. Due to the mostly hydrophilic colloid character we conclude also that changes in wettability status, i.e. of wettable subsoil horizons due to the leachate, may not necessarily occur very fast, even when the overlaying topsoil is a repellent soil horizon with a high organic matter content.
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Aranyos, Tibor, Lajos Blaskó, Attila Tomócsik, and Marianna Makádi. "The effect of compost application on physical properties of sandy soil." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 51 (February 10, 2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/51/2064.

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The sewage sludge compost is suitable to improve the colloid-poor sandy soils, which are common characteristics of poor water- and nutrientholding capacity. The general characteristics of sandy soils are the light mechanical composition, the low content of humus and mineral colloids, large pore size and a bad aggregate stability. They have a poor nutrient supply capacity, due to its high porosity the organic matter is degraded very quickly to mineral colloids (Stefanovits et al., 1999). By the compost application the soil is enriched mineral and organic colloids, thereby improving the soil structure. The effect of addition of compost to soil the water- and nutrient-holding capacity and porosity could be increased and the bulk density could be decreased (Martens and Frankenberger, 1992). The aim of our experiment is to carry out physical measurements to determine the effects of compost treatment. In this study the results of the first year are presented.
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Thieme, J., J. Niemeyer, and P. Guttman. "Colloidal systems in soils." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100168050.

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In soil science the fraction of colloids in soils is understood as particles with diameters smaller than 2μm. Clay minerals, aquoxides of iron and manganese, humic substances, and other polymeric materials are found in this fraction. The spatial arrangement (microstructure) is controlled by the substantial structure of the colloids, by the chemical composition of the soil solution, and by thesoil biota. This microstructure determines among other things the diffusive mass flow within the soils and as a result the availability of substances for chemical and microbiological reactions. The turnover of nutrients, the adsorption of toxicants and the weathering of soil clay minerals are examples of these surface mediated reactions. Due to their high specific surface area, the soil colloids are the most reactive species in this respect. Under the chemical conditions in soils, these minerals are associated in larger aggregates. The accessibility of reactive sites for these reactions on the surface of the colloids is reduced by this aggregation. To determine the turnover rates of chemicals within these aggregates it is highly desirable to visualize directly these aggregation phenomena.
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Philippe, Allan, Daniel Campos, Jean-Michel Guigner, Christian Buchmann, Dörte Diehl, and Gabriele Schaumann. "Characterization of the Natural Colloidal TiO2 Background in Soil." Separations 5, no. 4 (October 20, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations5040050.

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An increasing amount of TiO2 engineered nanoparticles (TNP) is released into soils and sediments, increasing the need for dedicated detection methods. Titanium is naturally present in soils at concentrations typically much higher than the estimated concentrations for TNP. Therefore, a precise knowledge of this natural background, including the colloidal fraction, is required for developing adapted strategies for detecting TNP. In this study, we characterized the natural colloidal Ti-background by analyzing eight soils with different properties and origins. A combination of X-ray fluorescence analysis and ICP-OES was used for determining the silicate bound fraction, which was a minor fraction for all soils (0–32%). The colloidal fraction obtained by extracting colloids from soil prior to ICP-OES measurements ranged between 0.3% and 7%. Electron microscopy and hydrodynamic chromatography confirmed that Ti in the form of colloids or larger particles was mostly present as TiO2 minerals with a fraction smaller than 100 nm. The size distribution mode of the extracted colloids determined using hydrodynamic chromatography ranged between 80 and 120 nm. The chromatograms suggested a broad size distribution with a significant portion below 100 nm. In addition to these data, we also discuss possible implications of our findings for the method development for detecting TNP in soils.
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Guber, Andrey K., Yakov A. Pachepsky, Daniel R. Shelton, and Olivia Yu. "Effect of Bovine Manure on Fecal Coliform Attachment to Soil and Soil Particles of Different Sizes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 10 (March 16, 2007): 3363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02434-06.

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ABSTRACT Manure-borne bacteria can be transported in runoff as free cells, cells attached to soil particles, and cells attached to manure particles. The objectives of this work were to compare the attachment of fecal coliforms (FC) to different soils and soil fractions and to assess the effect of bovine manure on FC attachment to soil and soil fractions. Three sand fractions of different sizes, the silt fraction, and the clay fraction of loam and sandy clay loam soils were separated and used along with soil samples in batch attachment experiments with water-FC suspensions and water-manure-FC suspensions. In the absence of manure colloids, bacterial attachment to soil, silt, and clay particles was much higher than the attachment to sand particles having no organic coating. The attachment to the coated sand particles was similar to the attachment to silt and clay. Manure colloids in suspensions decreased bacterial attachment to soils, clay and silt fractions, and coated sand fractions, but did not decrease the attachment to sand fractions without the coating. The low attachment of bacteria to silt and clay particles in the presence of manure colloids may cause predominantly free-cell transport of manure-borne FC in runoff.
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Gfeller, Lorenz, Andrea Weber, Isabelle Worms, Vera I. Slaveykova, and Adrien Mestrot. "Mercury mobility, colloid formation and methylation in a polluted Fluvisol as affected by manure application and flooding–draining cycle." Biogeosciences 18, no. 11 (June 10, 2021): 3445–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3445-2021.

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Abstract. Floodplain soils polluted with high levels of mercury (Hg) are potential point sources to downstream ecosystems. Repeated flooding (e.g., redox cycling) and agricultural activities (e.g., organic matter addition) may influence the fate and speciation of Hg in these soil systems. The formation and aggregation of colloids and particles influence both Hg mobility and its bioavailability to microbes that form methylmercury (MeHg). In this study, we conducted a microcosm flooding–draining experiment on Hg-polluted floodplain soils originating from an agriculturally used area situated in the Rhone Valley (Valais, Switzerland). The experiment comprised two 14 d flooding periods separated by one 14 d draining period. The effect of freshly added natural organic matter on Hg dynamics was assessed by adding liquid cow manure (+MNR) to two soils characterized by different Hg (47.3±0.5 or 2.38±0.01 mg kg−1) and organic carbon (OC: 1.92 wt % or 3.45 wt %) contents. During the experiment, the release, colloid formation of Hg in soil solution and net MeHg production in the soil were monitored. Upon manure addition in the highly polluted soil (lower OC), an accelerated release of Hg to the soil solution could be linked to a fast reductive dissolution of Mn oxides. The manure treatments showed a fast sequestration of Hg and a higher percentage of Hg bound by particulate (0.02–10 µm). Also, analyses of soil solutions by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (AF4–ICP–MS) revealed a relative increase in colloidal Hg bound to dissolved organic matter (Hg–DOM) and inorganic colloidal Hg (70 %–100 %) upon manure addition. Our experiment shows a net MeHg production the first flooding and draining period and a subsequent decrease in absolute MeHg concentrations after the second flooding period. Manure addition did not change net MeHg production significantly in the incubated soils. The results of this study suggest that manure addition may promote Hg sequestration by Hg complexation on large organic matter components and the formation and aggregation of inorganic HgS(s) colloids in Hg-polluted Fluvisols with low levels of natural organic matter.
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Xu, Shuang, Chongyang Shen, Xueyong Zhang, Xijuan Chen, Mark Radosevich, Siqun Wang, and Jie Zhuang. "Mobility of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Porous Media: Effects of Ionic Strength, Iron Oxides, and Soil Colloids." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020348.

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Understanding the dispersivity and migration of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in porous media is important for exploring their potential for soil and water remediation. In this study, a series of saturated column experiments were conducted to investigate the coupled effects of ionic strength, iron oxides (hematite), and soil colloids on the transport of CNCs through quartz sand and natural soils (red earth and brown earth). Results showed that CNCs had high mobility in oxide-free sand and that iron oxide coating reduced the mobility of CNCs. An analysis of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek interactions indicated that CNCs exhibited a deep primary minimum, nonexistent maximum repulsion and secondary minimum on hematite-coated sand, favorable for the attachment of CNCs. The maximum effluent percentage of CNCs was 96% in natural soils at 5 mM, but this value decreased to 4% at 50 mM. Soil colloids facilitated the transport of CNCs in brown earth with larger effect at higher ionic strength. The ionic strength effect was larger in natural soils than sand and in red earth than brown earth. The study showed that CNCs can travel 0.2 m to 72 m in porous media, depending on soil properties, solution chemistry, and soil colloids.
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Li, Yanhong, Huimei Wang, Wenjie Wang, Lei Yang, and Yuangang Zu. "Ectomycorrhizal Influence on Particle Size, Surface Structure, Mineral Crystallinity, Functional Groups, and Elemental Composition of Soil Colloids from Different Soil Origins." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698752.

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Limited data are available on the ectomycorrhizae-induced changes in surface structure and composition of soil colloids, the most active portion in soil matrix, although such data may benefit the understanding of mycorrhizal-aided soil improvements. By using ectomycorrhizae (Gomphidius viscidus) and soil colloids from dark brown forest soil (a good loam) and saline-alkali soil (heavily degraded soil), we tried to approach the changes here. For the good loam either from the surface or deep soils, the fungus treatment induced physical absorption of covering materials on colloid surface with nonsignificant increases in soil particle size (P>0.05). These increased the amount of variable functional groups (O–H stretching and bending, C–H stretching, C=O stretching, etc.) by 3–26% and the crystallinity of variable soil minerals (kaolinite, hydromica, and quartz) by 40–300%. However, the fungus treatment of saline-alkali soil obviously differed from the dark brown forest soil. There were 12–35% decreases in most functional groups, 15–55% decreases in crystallinity of most soil minerals but general increases in their grain size, and significant increases in soil particle size (P<0.05). These different responses sharply decreased element ratios (C : O, C : N, and C : Si) in soil colloids from saline-alkali soil, moving them close to those of the good loam of dark brown forest soil.
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Jiang, Xiaoqian, Roland Bol, Barbara J. Cade-Menun, Volker Nischwitz, Sabine Willbold, Sara L. Bauke, Harry Vereecken, Wulf Amelung, and Erwin Klumpp. "Colloid-bound and dissolved phosphorus species in topsoil water extracts along a grassland transect from Cambisol to Stagnosol." Biogeosciences 14, no. 5 (March 9, 2017): 1153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1153-2017.

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Abstract. Phosphorus (P) species in colloidal and dissolved soil fractions may have different distributions. To understand which P species are potentially involved, we obtained water extracts from the surface soils of a gradient from Cambisol, Stagnic Cambisol to Stagnosol from temperate grassland in Germany. These were filtered to < 450 nm, and divided into three procedurally defined fractions: small-sized colloids (20–450 nm), nano-sized colloids (1–20 nm), and dissolved P (< 1 nm), using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), as well as filtration for solution 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The total P of soil water extracts increased in the order Cambisol < Stagnic Cambisol < Stagnosol due to increasing contributions from the dissolved P fraction. Associations of C–Fe/Al–PO43−/pyrophosphate were absent in nano-sized (1–20 nm) colloids from the Cambisol but not in the Stagnosol. The 31P-NMR results indicated that this was accompanied by elevated portions of organic P in the order Cambisol > Stagnic Cambisol > Stagnosol. Across all soil types, elevated proportions of inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP) species (e.g., myo-, scyllo- and D-chiro-IHP) were associated with soil mineral particles (i.e., bulk soil and small-sized soil colloids), whereas other orthophosphate monoesters and phosphonates were found in the dissolved P fraction. We conclude that P species composition varies among colloidal and dissolved soil fractions after characterization using advanced techniques, i.e., AF4 and NMR. Furthermore, stagnic properties affect P speciation and availability by potentially releasing dissolved inorganic and ester-bound P forms as well as nano-sized organic matter–Fe/Al–P colloids.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

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Makris, Konstantinos Christos. "Soil and colloidal phosphorous dynamics in three KY soils bioavailability, transport and water quality implications /." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2002. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukypssc2003t00069/KCMakris%5FMS%5FThesis.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 163 p. :ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-162).
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Makris, Konstantinos Christos. "SOIL AND COLLOIDAL PHOSPHORUS DYNAMICS IN THREE KY SOILS: BIOAVAILABILITY, TRANSPORT AND WATER QUALITY IMPLICATIONS." UKnowledge, 2003. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/408.

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Particulate P constitutes a significant portion of the total P found in surface runoff water. Water dispersed P-containing particles can travel long distances via surface runoff and reach water bodies causing decrease in water quality. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the potential facilitation of P transport by the water dispersed soil colloids (WDC) using three KY soils with a long-term record of poultry manure, and fertilizer P applications. Sequential fractionation for both whole soils and colloidal samples revealed that the WDC had a greater total and labile P content than the soil as a whole. Also, application of manure and fertilizer P seemed to decrease colloidal organic P fractions and increase the inorganic P fractions over the period of a growing season (May to September). Laboratory settling kinetics experiments were set up for the clay-colloidal fractions of the soils. It was shown that particulate P fractions paralleled WDC settling kinetics whereas dissolved P fractions remained in solution even after 36 hours. Field taken intact soil cores were leached with colloidal suspensions to test the effect of WDC on the vertical P movement. Results illustrated the preferential flow of particulate P though the macropores. When water was applied to the manure amended soil, dissolved P levels increased significantly over the control. WDC additions lowered dissolved P levels to the manure-amended columns, by sorbing to the WDC particles, but still greater than the dissolved P levels of the columns that had not been applied with manure.
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Lehoux, Alizée. "Imagerie par résonance magnétique du transport et de la rétention des colloïdes dans les sols." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1131/document.

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La prévision du transport et de la rétention des colloïdes représente un enjeu environnemental majeur car ces particules peuvent entraîner des polluants adsorbés ou bien être des polluants eux-mêmes. Les modèles utilisés actuellement pour prédire le devenir des colloïdes dans les sols sont basés sur des mécanismes déduits des courbes de percée (évolution de la concentration en fonction du volume de pore ou du temps) après injection de particules dans une colonne de milieu poreux. Le but de cette thèse est de compléter cette compréhension avec des mesures internes grâce à l’Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique (IRM).L’IRM permet de mesurer la distribution 1D et/ou 2D de particules super-paramagnétiques le long d’un échantillon pendant une expérience de transport dans un milieu poreux. Le couplage de cette technique avec l'étude des courbes de percée donne une approche globale. Nous avons effectué plusieurs expériences de transport dans des colonnes de milieux poreux de complexité de porosité croissante : billes de verre, sable, agrégats de sol, et sol non perturbé.A partir des expériences de transport dans les milieux poreux modèles saturés, nous avons montré que la dispersion est moins importante que la théorie le prévoit et qu’elle est fortement dépendante des effets d’entrée dans la colonne. Cette dépendance est aussi observée pour les mécanismes d’adsorption. Les expériences dans les agrégats de sol ont montré une forte adsorption et un relargage constant, dépendants de la vitesse d’injection. Finalement, des expériences de pluie dans des colonnes de sol non perturbé insaturé ont permis de suivre l’évolution des teneurs en eau et en particules dans le temps
The ability to predict transport and retention of colloidal particles is a major environmental concern as such particles can carry adsorbed pollutants towards the groundwater or be pollutants themselves. The models currently used to predict the fate of colloids in soils are based on mechanisms inferred from breakthrough curves (evolution of concentration as a function of pore volume or time) after injection of particles into a column of porous media. In this thesis we aim to complement this comprehension with internal measurements by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).MRI provides 1D and/or 2D distribution of contrast agent particles in time along the sample axis during transport experiment through a porous medium. This technique, together with the study of breakthrough curves gives a global approach. We performed several transport experiment in columns of porous media of increasing complexity: glass beads, sand, soil aggregates, and undisturbed soil.From transport experiments in model porous media we show that dispersion is less important than expected and strongly dependent on entrance effects in the column. This dependence is also observed for adsorption. Experiments in soil aggregates showed a strong adsorption but also a constant release, dependent on the flow rate. Finally, rain experiments in undisturbed sol columns allowed following water content and particles as a function of time
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Reynolds, Jason Kurt Faculty of Science UNSW. "Hydrogel determined metal bioaccessibility in acid sulfate-affected landscapes." Awarded by:University of New South Wales, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41436.

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Exposure of sulfidic sediments to atmospheric conditions can under various environmental and anthropogenic influences. The oxidation of sulfides results in the production of acidity, dissolution of aluminosilicates and pedogenci development. This process has acid sulfate landscapes throughout the world identified as major emitters of elevated concentrations of chemical metals. This emission of acidity and metals alters the bioaccessibility and subsequently has a deleterious impact on the surrounding biologic environment. Despite this, the examination of the biologic impact in these landscapes has received only minimal attention. Passive and dynamic hydrogel techniques were used to measure the bioaccessibility of metals in sediments and waters. The technique involved the construction of a restricted pore-size thin-film hydrogel that allowed for the diffusion of the bioaccessible fraction, composed of the free-ion and easily dissociable metal-complexes. The dynamic hydrogel technique contained a resin sink, which allowed for a time-integrated flux concentration to be calculated. The dynamic hydrogel technique was trialled and found to correlate with the pygmy mussel (Xenostrobus securis) aluminium uptake for short exposure periods (24 hours).The dynamic hydrogel metal concentration was also found to correlate to indpendantly measured pore water and simultaneously extracted metal (SEM) concentrations. The hydrogel techniqe was further applied to investigate the sediment-water interface in drained and non-drained acid suflate landscapes. The studied Australian and Finnish acid sulfate landscapes showed contrasting relationships between the acid volatile sulfides (AVS) and SEM fractions. In the Australian sediments, a conversion of AVS-S to FeS2-S occurs with depth driven by a polysulfide pathway, whilst the Finnish sediments displayed a persistence of AVS-S with depth with limited conversion to FeS2-S. Distinct variations exist at the sediment-water interface of the two contrasting landscapes, with AVS-S to FeS2-S ratios of 2.5 for the Australian and 0.2 in the Finnish sediments. The sediment geochemistry regulated metal mobility. A two-dimensional passive and dynamic hydrogel approach illustrated microniches and supply zones of aluminium iron, manganese and zinc at varying depths near the sediment-water interface. The measurement of bioaccessibility using an in situ technique in acid sulfate landscapes is a first for both Australia and Finland, and this research provides an important avenue for future water and sediment quality monitoring.
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Osei, Benjamin Appiah. "Mineralogy, potassium status, and colloidal chemistry of some Ghanaian soils." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363900.

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Spencer, Laura Marie. "Evaluation of sand treated with colloidal silica gel." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37131.

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Liquefiable soils are common at ports due to the use of hydraulic fills for construction of waterfront facilities. Liquefaction-induced ground failure can result in permanent ground deformations that can cause loss of foundation support and structural damage. This can lead to substantial repair and/or replacement costs and business interruption losses that can have an adverse effect on the port and the surrounding community. Although numerous soil improvement methods exist for remediating a liquefaction-prone site, many of these methods are poorly suited for developed sites because they could damage existing infrastructure and disrupt port operations. An alternative is to use a passive remediation technique. Treating liquefiable soils with colloidal silica gel via permeation grouting has been shown to resist cyclic deformations and is a candidate to be used as a soil stabilizer in passive mitigation. The small-strain dynamic properties are essential to determine the response to seismic loading. The small-to-intermediate strain shear modulus and damping ratio of loose sand treated with colloidal silica gel was investigated and the influence of colloidal silica concentration was determined. The effect of introducing colloidal silica gel into the pore space in the initial phase of treatment results in a 10% to 12% increase in the small-strain shear modulus, depending on colloidal silica concentration. The modulus reduction curve indicates that treatment does not affect the linear threshold shear strain, however the treated samples reduce at a greater rate than the untreated samples in the intermediate-strain range above 0.01% cyclic shear strain. It was observed that the treated sand has slightly higher damping ratio in the small-strain range; however, at cyclic shear strains around 0.003% the trend reverses and the untreated sand begins to have higher damping ratio. Due to the nature of the colloidal silica gelation process, chemical bonds continue to form with time, thus the effect of aging on the dynamic properties is important. A parametric study was performed to investigate the influence of gel time on the increase in small-strain shear modulus. The effect of aging increases the small-strain shear modulus after gelling by 200 to 300% for the 40-minute-gel time samples with a distance from gelation (time after gelation normalized by gel time) of 1000 to 2000; 700% for the 2-hour-gel time sample with a distance from gelation of 1000; and 200 to 400% for the 20-hour-gel time samples with a distance from gelation of 40 to 100. The treatment of all potentially liquefiable soil at port facilities with colloidal silica would be cost prohibitive. Identifying treatment zones that would reduce the lateral pressure and resulting pile bending moments and displacements caused by liquefaction-induced lateral spreading to prevent foundation damage is an economic alternative. Colloidal silica gel treatment zones of varying size and location were evaluated by subjecting a 3-by-3 pile group in gently sloping liquefiable ground to 1-g shaking table tests. The results are compared to an untreated sample. The use of a colloidal silica treatment zone upslope of the pile group results in reduced maximum bending moments and pile displacements in the downslope row of piles when compared to an untreated sample; the presence of the treatment zone had minimal effect on the other rows of piles within the group.
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Missong, Anna Verfasser], Erwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Klumpp, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schäffer. "Phosphorus associated to forest soil colloids / Anna Missong ; Erwin Klumpp, Andreas Schäffer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180505409/34.

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Missong, Anna [Verfasser], Erwin Akademischer Betreuer] Klumpp, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schäffer. "Phosphorus associated to forest soil colloids / Anna Missong ; Erwin Klumpp, Andreas Schäffer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180505409/34.

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Al-Juaidyah, Jaber M. H. A. "Use of colloidal gas aphron in subsurface treatment of soil." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015672.

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Miller, Jarrod O. "COLLOID MEDIATED TRANSPORT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS FOLLOWING RECLAMATION WITH AND WITHOUT BIOSOLID APPLICATION." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/617.

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Soils disturbed by strip mining practices may have increased colloid loads moving to groundwater resources, also enhancing the transport of contaminants into our water resources. We hypothesize that contaminant transport within soils following mining is enhanced by colloid mobility. Two sites were chosen for this study, a 30-year old reclaimed strip mine in southwest Virginia and a recently mined area from eastern Kentucky. Intact reclaimed soil monoliths were retrieved from sandstone derived soils in southwestern Virginia. Reclaimed monoliths from eastern Kentucky were recreated in the lab. Intact undisturbed (native) soil monoliths representing the soils before mining were also sampled for comparison. Biosolids were added to an additional reclaimed monolith at a rate of 20 T/acre. Leaching experiments with deionized water at a rate of 1.0 cm/h involved 6 cycles of 8 hours each, giving each monolith at least 2 pore volumes of leaching. Native soil monoliths from Virginia had an average colloid elution of 857 mg over all cycles, reclaimed soil monoliths had an elution of 1460 mg, reclaimed soil monoliths with spoil material had a colloid elution of 76 mg, and when biosolids were amended to reclaimed soil and spoil monoliths, 870 mg colloids were eluted. Native soil monoliths from eastern Kentucky eluted 7269 mg colloids, reclaimed monoliths from eastern Kentucky eluted 10,935 mg colloids, and reclaimed soils with spoil material eluted no colloids. Lime stabilized biosolids enhanced colloid elution due to high pH dispersing material within the monoliths, while spoil materials with high density and salt content reduced colloid elution. Metal loads in solution were mobilized by DOC, particularly in low sulfate environments, while colloid bound metals increased the total metal loads in the order of Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd > Zn > Cr.
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Books on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

1

International, Conference on Geotechnical Centrifuge Modelling (1988 Paris France). Centrifuge 88 : proceedings of the International Conference on Geotechnical Centrifuge Modelling/Paris/25-27 April 1988 =: Centrifugeuse 88 : comptes rendus du Congrès international sur la modélisation géotechnique en centrifugeuse/Paris/25-27 Avril 1988. Rotterdam: Balkema, 1988.

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NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on Soil Colloids and Their Associations in Aggregates (1984 Ghent Belgium). Soil colloids and their associations in aggregates. New York: Plenum Press, 1990.

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NATO Advanced Study Institute on Interactions at the Soil Colloid-Soil Solution Interface (1986 State University of Ghent). Interactions at the soil colloid-soil solution interface. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1991.

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Bolt, G. H., M. F. Boodt, M. H. B. Hayes, M. B. McBride, and E. B. A. Strooper, eds. Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4.

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De Boodt, Marcel F., Michael H. B. Hayes, Adrien Herbillon, Eric B. A. De Strooper, and Jonathan J. Tuck, eds. Soil Colloids and Their Associations in Aggregates. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2611-1.

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Clay swelling and colloid stability. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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Olphen, H. Van. An introduction to clay colloid chemistry: For clay technologists, geologists, and soil scientists. 2nd ed. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1991.

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European Conference on Sol-Gel Technology (2nd 1991 Saarbrücken, Germany). Eurogel '91: Progress in research and development of processes and products from sols and gels : proceedings of the Second European Conference on Sol-Gel Technology, Saarbrücken, Germany, June 2-5, 1991. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1992.

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Soil Colloids. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Bolt, G. H., M. F. de Boodt, and Michael H. B. Hayes. Interactions at the Soil Colloid: Soil Solution Interface. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

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Swift, R. S., and R. G. McLaren. "Micronutrient Adsorption by Soils and Soil Colloids." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 257–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_9.

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Clapp, C. E., R. Harrison, and M. H. B. Hayes. "Interactions between Organic Macromolecules and Soil Inorganic Colloids and Soils." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 409–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_12.

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Newman, A. C. D., and M. H. B. Hayes. "Some Properties of Clays and of other Soil Colloids and their Influences on Soils." In NATO ASI Series, 39–55. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2611-1_2.

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Hayes, M. H. B., and G. H. Bolt. "Soil Colloids and the Soil Solution." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 1–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_1.

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Oades, J. M. "Associations of Colloids in Soil Aggregates." In NATO ASI Series, 463–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2611-1_17.

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Boodt, M. F. "Application of the Sorption Theory to Eliminate Heavy Metals from Waste Waters and Contaminated Soils." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 293–320. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_10.

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Hayes, M. H. B., and U. Mingelgrin. "Interactions between Small Organic Chemicals and Soil Colloidal Constituents." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 323–407. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_11.

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MacCarthy, P., and E. M. Perdue. "Complexation of Metal Ions by Humic Substances: Fundamental Considerations." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 469–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_13.

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Harmsen, K. "Soil Fertility Problems in the Developed and in the Developing World." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 493–506. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_14.

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Arnold, P. W. "Soil Fertility Problems in the Developed World." In Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface, 507–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1909-4_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

1

Spencer, Laura, Glenn J. Rix, and Patricia Gallagher. "Colloidal Silica Gel and Sand Mixture Dynamic Properties." In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics Congress IV. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40975(318)101.

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Azouri, Assaf, Ming Ge, Kun Xun, Klaus Sattler, Joe Lichwa, and Chittaranjan Ray. "Colloidal Stability of Nanosoil/Nanofiber Aqueous Suspensions From Natural Environment in Hawaii." In ASME 2006 Multifunctional Nanocomposites International Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2006-17074.

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Nanoparticles from iron-oxide rich soil and nanofibers from bark of the plumeria tree in Hawaii have been studied using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Particles with sizes of several hundred nanometers have been investigated in aqueous suspension. The zeta potentials have been determined as a function of pH for soil, fiber, and the soil/fiber mixture. It is found that all three suspensions have negative zeta potentials and no isoelectric point within the pH range from 4 to 11. This shows that the suspensions are stable over a wide range of conditions. Both soil and fiber samples have approximately constant zeta potentials within this range. However, the zeta potential changes significantly for the nanosoil/nanofiber mixture when the pH is varied. We conclude that the nanoparticles of soil and fiber interact in the suspension and that this depends on the pH value of the suspension.
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Avramenko, Valentin, Svetlana Bratskaya, Veniamin Zheleznov, Irina Sheveleva, Dmitry Marinin, and Valentin Sergienko. "Latex Particles Functionalized With Transition Metals Ferrocyanides for Cesium Uptake and Decontamination of Solid Bulk Materials." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40302.

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Decontamination of spent ion-exchange resins, corrosion-unstable metal structures, soil, ground, and construction materials contaminated by fission, corrosion and transuranic radionuclides remains one of the most urgent and complicated ecological problems. Among the existing methods having different efficiencies in regard to such materials decontamination, application of selective sorbents put into a humid medium to be decontaminated (ground, bulk materials) appears to be rather extensive. However, the efficiency of such an approach is significantly limited by difficulties concerned with uniform sorbent distribution in porous media and completeness of spent sorbents removal for final disposal. In this paper we suggest a principally new approach to preparation of colloid-stable selective sorbents for cesium uptake using immobilization of transition metals (cobalt, nickel, and copper) ferrocyanides in nanosized carboxylic latex emulsions. The effects of ferrocyanide composition, pH, and media salinity on the sorption properties of the colloid-stable sorbents toward cesium ions were studied in solutions containing up to 200 g/1 sodium nitrate or potassium chloride. The sorption capacities of the colloid sorbents based on mixed potassium/transition metals ferrocyanides were in the range 1.45–1.86 mol Cs/mol ferrocyanide with the highest value found for the copper ferrocyanide. It was shown that the obtained colloid-stable sorbents were capable to penetrate through bulk materials without filtration that makes them applicable for decontamination of solids, e.g. soils, zeolites, spent ion-exchange resins contaminated with cesium radionuclides. After decontamination of liquid or solid radioactive wastes the colloid-stable sorbents can be easily separated from solutions by precipitation with cationic flocculants providing localization of radionuclides in a small volume of the precipitates formed. Besides, functionalized latex particles can be used for preparation of carbon fiber/ferrocyanide composite materials for cesium uptake using electrodeposition method. Application of the carbon fibers as an inert support for ferrocyanides, in general, significantly improves the sorption kinetics, but washing out of ferrocyanide fines from the fiber surface limits the potential of such materials. When ferrocyanides are deposited in a form of nanocrystals stabilized by latexes which undergo electropolymerization on the fiber surface, the thin polymeric film formed substantially improves the stability of the composite and prevents loss of ferrocyanide during sorbent application. The effect of electrodeposition conditions on composite morphology, ferrocyanide loading and cesium distribution coefficient in media with different salinity has been discussed.
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Thieme, J. "Studies of colloidal system in soils with X-ray microscopy." In Sixth international conference on x-ray microscopy (XRM99). AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1291161.

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Vipulanandan, C., and S. Harendra. "Surfactant-Bimetallic Nanoparticle Colloidal Solutions to Remediate PCE Contaminated Soils." In Geo-Frontiers Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41165(397)90.

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Gleber, S. C., S. Vogt, J. Niemeyer, L. Finney, I. McNulty, J. Thieme, Ian McNulty, Catherine Eyberger, and Barry Lai. "Hard X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy to Determine the Element Distribution of Soil Colloids in Aqueous Environment." In THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON X-RAY MICROSCOPY. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3625379.

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Smith, A. Ezekiel, Benjamin G. Hawkins, Nicholas G. Baldasaro, Yusef A. Syed, Blake A. Simmons, Eric B. Cummings, and Brian J. Kirby. "Dielectrophoretic Particle Manipulation in Ridged Microchannels." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14843.

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This work presents continuous-flow particle sorting at low applied fields (30 V/cm) using electrodeless dielectrophoresis [2–7] in ridged polymeric microstructures. Particle manipulation and sorting is critical in analysis of cellular systems and subpopulations, water monitoring, soil analysis, and colloidal synthesis. This technique is developed with a view toward sorting of cellular systems, and offers advantages over other particle processing techniques in its ability to sort particles over small (~100 μm) spatial scales and rapid (&lt;1s) time scales while operating under the low electric fields required when using solutions of physiological salinity.
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Reports on the topic "Soils Soil colloids"

1

Lundy, D. Z., J. C. Hunter-Cevera, and G. J. Moridis. Susceptibility of polysiloxane and colloidal silica to degradation by soil microorganisms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/578622.

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Ryan, Joseph. Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Cations in an Unsaturated Fractured Soil Under Transient Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1168955.

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Serkiz, S. M. Phase I - Laboratory Study Effects of Cement Grout Structures on Colloid Formation from SRS Soils. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/783383.

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