Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sol sableux argileux'
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André, Christine. "Transport de Np(V) en milieu poreux argileux : étude du couplage entre la chimie en solution, la sorption et l'écoulement." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL082N.
Full textBensaid, A. "Mesures in-situ des pressions interstitielles. Application à la reconnaissance des sols." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1985. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523122.
Full textKacprzak, Grzegorz Boutin Claude Doanh Thiep. "Etude du comportement mécanique des mélanges sable / argile." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2006. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=kacprzak.
Full textBortoluzzi, Edson Campanhola. "Nature des constituants, propriétés chimiques et physiques des sols : modélisation des charges superficielles dans des sols sableux au Sud du Brésil." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAP0003.
Full textKacprzak, Grzegorz. "Etude du comportement mécanique des mélanges sable / argile." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0021/these.pdf.
Full textSand/clay mixtures are the representative models of the natural deposits as well as many artificially reconstituted grounds usually employed in civil engineering (road fill, storage of waste fill). The hydraulic and mechanic behaviour of these soils has not been clarified yet. The overall properties of sand/clay mixtures are very often described as a function of percentage share of the components using well known engineering characteristics of pure clay or clean sand. However, in the nature the soil components (sand and clay) interact with each other to influence the behaviour of the mixture. The existing knowledge on the geotechnical properties of such soils shows that there is a lot of phenomena which must be better explained. In view of the performed studies the present research is consecrated to investigation of the clay/sand mixtures staying with water content nearest the natural conditions (in the interval of Atterberg limits i. E. Between w_P and w_L of used clay). The authors examined the blends with different sand and clay water content. This PhD thesis presents the studies on one-dimensional consolidation, permeability characteristics as well as triaxial behaviour of heterogeneous soils composed of sand and clay. The author also made an attempt to compare the experimental results with analytical methods in predicting global characteristics of this type of soil within the homogenisation frameworks
Tarog, Ioana. "Perméabilité et érosion interne des mélanges sable-argile : Combustion théorique et expériemntale." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0068.
Full textThis work is a study of the internal erosion of the grounds and fill artificial. Erosion by mechanical wrenching of the particles of ground is analyzed using the evolution of the hydraulic conductivity of a porous environment prefissured under the action of a flow. The first two parts are devoted on the one hand to the phenomenon of internal erosion under the aspects of typology, the origin and the mechanisms of evolution, and on the other hand with the concept of permeability, as well as with the theoretical and empirical approaches used for the estimate of the hydraulic conductivity of the porous environments or of mixtures sands - clay. These two parts, in bibliographical matter, make it possible to pose the bases of this work and to understand the mechanisms which control the studied phenomenon. The third part relates to theoretical modelings, by a self-coherent method, permeability of bicomposite mixtures (materials permeable and impermeable, of type mixes sand/clay, for the ground compacted), and tri-composite (materials permeable, impermeable and infinitely permeable, of type mixes sand/clay/pocket of water, for the ground partially compacted). The fourth part presents the designed experimental device, which makes it possible to follow the hydraulic characteristics of a prefissured material, during the development of internal erosion, as well as the tests undertaken on samples of mixtures of sand/clay. This device consists of the juxtaposition of a hydraulic test and a mechanical system of creation. Of crack. From measurements of hydraulic conductivity, we deduce the variation from the opening of the crack which pro vides indications on the kinetics of internal erosion
Cadalen, Sébastien. "Transport d'un polluant dans des sables argileux : écoulement réactif en milieu poreux saturé ou non-saturé en eau." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPT050H.
Full textIn the context of nuclear risk control associated to nuclear waste storage, the french nuclear agency plays an increasing role in terms of research and development in the area of subsurface contamination. This study focuses on an homogeneous porous media constituted of Fontainebleau sand and clay grains (illite) presenting sorption capacities. The modeling of the complex geometry and physical phenomena at different scales enables us to describe the average transport at Darcy's scale. The two main axes developped are the impact of an heterogeneous sorption on transport phenomena and the dispersivity of an unsaturated porous media
Djondo, Mathurin Yves. "Propriétés d'échange ionique des sols ferrallitiques argileux de la vallée du Niari et sableux du plateau de Mbe-Bateke au Congo : application à la correction de leur acidité." Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120035.
Full textJin, Yinfu. "Identification Les paramètres des sols et sélection de modèles de comportement en utilisant des algorithmes génétiques." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECDN0017.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the identification of soil parameters and the selection of constitutive models using genetic algorithms. First, various optimization methods for identifying soil parameters are studied. Then, a real - coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) has been developed to improve the performance of genetic algorithms (GA) for identifying soil parameters. Subsequently, the RCG A is employed to construct a formula for predicting the compressibility of remolded clays by using an evolutionary polynomial regression ( EPR ) based on the initial void ratio e 0 , the liquid limit w L and the plastic index I P . Then, an efficient procedure fo r identifying the necessary parameters of soft structured clay s is propose d by employing the enhanced RCGA coupled with an advanced anisotropic elasto - viscoplastic model. This approach is then validated and several applications are developed to demonstrate that the procedure can be used with a reduction of the testing cost . F inally , an appropriate model of sand with the necessary features based on conventional tests and with an easy way of identifying parameters for geotechnical applications by employ ing th e RCGA and different sand models is selected. A discussion on nonlinear plastic stress - strain hardening , the incorporation of the critical state concept with interlocking effect , test types and numbers , and necessary strain level for the selection and use of sand models concludes the thesis
Alrechane, Bassem. "Palliatifs pour les difficultés expérimentales de l'appareil triaxial : comportement type pour les sables et les argiles remaniées." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0440.
Full textLebegue, Yves. "Fondations superficielles sur milieu homogène horizontal ou incliné et sur milieu hétérogène sable sur argile molle." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2023.
Full textRivera, Constantino Rigoberto. "Détermination des propriétés mécaniques des sables et des argiles en régime dynamique et cyclique aux faibles déformations." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ECAP0075.
Full textYin, Kexin. "Influence of clay fraction on the mechanical behavior of a soil-concrete interface." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ECDN0015.
Full textIn geotechnical engineering, the soil-structure interface is an important aspect to take into account in soil structure interactions because it relates to the stability of the supported structure. In particular, the mechanical behaviour of the interface plays a key role in the design of civil engineering structures and their analysis over time. The interface is a thin zone of soil in contact with the structure where major stresses and strains develop in. To our knowledge, previous works on the characterization of the mechanical behaviour of the soil-structure interface mainly include typical soils (sand or clay) or natural soils, in contact with variable structural materials (concrete, steel, wood). However, natural soils are very complex, partly due to geological heterogeneities, and the mechanical response of typical soils do not always represent accurately intermediate soils between sand and clay. Previous studies on the mechanical behavior of those soils are significantly represented in the literature, especially in experimental research, however it is rather poorly documented on the interface between these soils and structural materials, whereas their response to mechanical loadings is different. Moreover, at the engineering scale, there is still a lack of understanding on how this interface behave along loaded pile within soils between sand and clay, numerically, and experimentally due to instrumentation restrictions along the pile. The objective of this thesis is to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the soil-structure interface for intermediate soils between sand and clay, both by experiments at the laboratory scale and by models at the engineering scale. Artificial mixtures of silica sand and kaolinite-rich clay are chosen to represent intermediate soils in this study. For this propose, the research is organized in a first and main experimental campaign that aims to investigate the effect of the clay content, from 0% (sand) to 100% (clay) on the mechanical behavior of a soil-concrete interface by a new interface direct shear device in the laboratory. A particular attention is given to the design of the setup, and to the investigation of four sample preparations to insure an optimize sample homogeneity. A second and numerical campaign is performed to input the results from the experimental campaign, to model the mechanical response of the interface between sand-clay soils and a lateral concrete loaded pile at the engineering scale. A new subroutine of a MATLAB finite element code is implemented to perform the numerical modelling of the interface’s response via the p-y curves. The characterization of the mechanical behaviour of the soil-structure interface at different clay and sand fractions allows to enlighten the role of soil microstructure at the soil-structure interface on the stability of civil engineering structures
Saïm, Rachid. "Des comportements repères des grains élastiques sans colle à un exemple de sol réel." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0561.
Full textSong, Weikang. "Experimental investigation of water evaporation from sand and clay using an environmental chamber." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1047/document.
Full textAs a well-known phenomenon, soil water evaporation plays an important role in the interaction between soil and atmosphere. Water evaporates during this process resulting in changes of soil thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior and in turn causing problems in different domains such as agronomy, hydrology, soil science, geotechnical engineering, etc. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the soil water evaporation mechanisms in depth.This study deals with the soil water evaporation mechanisms under controlled atmospheric conditions. The Fontainebleau sand and the Hércourt clay used for the construction of the experimental embankment with the ANR project TerDOUEST (Terrassements Durables - Ouvrages en Sols Traités, 2008 - 2012) were used in this investigation. A large-scale environmental chamber system (900 mm high, 800 mm large and 1000 mm long) equipped with various sensors was firstly developed, allowing a full monitoring of both atmospheric and soil parameters during the evaporation process. Four experimental tests were carried out on the Fontainebleau sand compacted at 1.70 Mg/m3 dry density with a steady water table at soil bottom under different atmospheric conditions (different values of air relative humidity, temperature and air flow rate). The performance of the environmental chamber system in investigating soil water evaporation was evidenced by the quality and the relevance of results. The air temperature inside the chamber was found to be affected by the heating tube temperature, the air flow rate and the soil water evaporation process; the soil temperature was strongly affected by the air conditions and the evaporation progress; the relative humidity in the chamber was decreasing during the evaporation progress and its evolution could be considered as an indicator of the evaporation progress; the volumetric water content in the near-surface zone was strongly affected by the evaporation process and exhibited a linear relationship with depth; the soil suction was decreasing over depth and increasing over time; the evaporation rate was strongly affected by the air conditions especially at the initial constant evaporation rate stage. After the tests on the Fontainebleau sand, the Hércourt clay sample compacted at 1.40 Mg/m3 dry density was subjected to an infiltration experiment for investigating its hydraulic properties. To get a better insight into the water evaporation mechanism for clay, two compacted Hércourt clay evaporation tests with a steady water table at bottom were carried out under controlled atmospheric conditions. The results allow understanding the evaporation mechanisms in case of desiccation cracks. Furthermore, in order to investigate the potential evaporation mechanisms, tests with a free water layer was also conducted with varying wind speed and air temperature. The initiation and propagation of desiccation cracking during the evaporation process and its effect on water evaporation were also investigated by the digital image processing technique. In terms of modeling, the potential evaporation rate was first modeled through evaluation of the existing models and the combined models. It reveals that the model developed by Ta (2009) is the most appropriate one. The actual evaporation rate for sand was then analyzed. It appears important to consider the progress of the dry front during the evaporation process for sandy soils. For the Héricourt clay, good simulation was also obtained using a model that accounts for the effect of desiccations cracks
Arafati, Nasser. "Contribution à l'étude des problèmes de déchargement dans les massifs de sol : application à la modélisation des ouvrages de soutènement." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523304.
Full textAkou, Yasmina. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de l'élargissement des remblais sur sols compressibles." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523302.
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