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1

Emmanuel, S., S. Ignacimuthu, R. Perumalsamy, and T. Amalraj. "Antiinflammatory activity of Solanum trilobatum." Fitoterapia 77, no. 7-8 (2006): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.009.

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2

R., V. Bala* J. Deepak Kumar M. Deepika P. Devika J. Dhanil Raj Dr. J. Karthi. "Evaluation Of Synergistic Anti-Bacterial Effect of Azadirachta Indica and Solanum Trilobatumthrough In-Vitro Studies." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2025): 901–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15006737.

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The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a significant global health concern, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the synergistic antibacterial potential of Azadirachta indica and Solanum trilobatum against selected bacterial strains. The individual and combined extracts of these plants were evaluated using the disc diffusion method against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. The results demonstrate that both plant extracts exhibit antibacterial activity, with the combination of Azadirachta indica and Solanum trilobatum showing enhanced efficacy compared to individual treatments. The synergistic effect of the combined extracts was found to be significant, with a notable increase in the zone of inhibition. This study highlights the potential of synergistic antibacterial combinations, particularly between Azadirachta indica and Solanum trilobatum, as a promising strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and improve therapeutic outcomes.
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3

Mohan, E., S. Suriya, S. Shanmugam, and K. Rajendran. "Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of Selected Medicinal Plants." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 2 (2021): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2.4609.

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Phytochemicals have great potency as therapeutic agents. There is continuous and urgent need to discover new therapeutic compounds with diverse chemical structures and novel mechanism of action because there has been an alarming increase in the incidence of new and re-emerging infectious diseases. Hence, the present investigation was carried out to assess the phytoconstituents of leaf extracts of four different medicinal plants viz. Acorus calamus, Senna alata, Solanum torvum and Solanum trilobatum. The leaves of four plants were collected from their wild habitats, washed, air dried and then powdered. The solvent extracts of the respective leaves were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus with acetone, ethanol and petroleum ether. The extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analyses as per standard procedures. The results showed that alkaloids were present in all the four plants analyzed and all the three solvents extracted. Meanwhile, carbohydrates and proteins were absent in the same. It was also indicated that the ethanol extract of Solanum trilobatum leaf showed the presence of 7 compounds among 9 phytochemicals analyzed. The result of this study is encouraging further quantitative estimation and the need for clinical studies to determine the potential effectiveness of particular phytochemical in vivo.
 Keywords: Preliminary phytochemical analyses, Acorus calamus, Senna alata, Solanum torvum and Solanum trilobatum.
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Bharathy, M. Stella, G. Dayana Jeyaleela, J. Rosaline Vimala, A. Agila, and M. Hemadevi. "Potential Use of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles from Solanum Trilobatum Against Pathogenic Bacteria." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 37, no. 4 (2021): 991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370429.

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Recently, the biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extract gained great attention compared to other methods. In this work, CuO nanomaterial was synthesized by using the leaf extract of Solanum trilobatum. Synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles were characterized by UV, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX to determine the functional group, crystalline size, shape, and elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction and SEM results confirmed that the synthesized CuO NPs were crystalline in nature and the average size was found to be 38.34 nm. The spherical shape of CuO NPs was reported in the green approach, but first-time pentagons, cubes, and elongated forms of CuO NPs are found in this work. The EDX studies showed that the Solanum trilobatum mediated CuO NPs contain 53.57 % of copper and 46.43% of oxygen. Synthesized CuO NPs were tested against the five pathogenic bacteria and they showed a very good zone of inhibition compared with copper sulfate and plant extract. Especially against Escherichia Coli, Solanum trilobatum mediated CuO NPs performed well inhibitory effect.
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5

V., Kamala. "Health Benefits of Thoothuvalai Through Ayurveda." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, S4 (2020): 113–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6351274.

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Solanum trilobatum limn family (Solanaceae) is one of the important medicinal plant. Solanum trilobatum is reported to have a wide range of biological activities such as antidiabetic, anti-bacterial,antifungal, antimitotic,anti-oxidant , anti tumours and is used for treatment of asthma, to arrest blood vomiting and several kinds of leprosy. Medicinal plants have been of age-long remedies for human diseases because they contain components of therapeutic value. The indigenous systems of medicine namely Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani have been in existence for several centuries. Both the general consumer and healthcare professionals need up-to date, authoritative information on the safety and efficacy of medicinal plants. This plant-based, traditional medicine system continues to play an essential role in health care, with about 80% of the world’s inhabitants relying mainly on traditional medicines for their primary health care.
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6

Burri, Josef, and Bernhard Uehleke. "Solanum trilobatum – Gestreckter oder Thai-Nachtschatten, Mawähng Khrüa." Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 42, no. 03 (2021): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1336-6334.

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7

Anirudhan, K., and A. S. Nair. "In vitro production of solasodine from Solanum trilobatum." Biologia plantarum 53, no. 4 (2009): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10535-009-0130-z.

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8

Sundaralingam, K., Vinoth Kumar Muniyappan, V. S. Kavinesh, T. Kavichakravarthy, and M. Mathivanan. "Seed Dormancy Breaking in Nightshade (Solanum trilobatum L.)." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 37, no. 6 (2025): 47–55. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i65485.

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Nightshade (Solanum trilobatum L.) is one of the medicinal crops under Solanaceae family, often exhibits poor germination due to inherent seed dormancy. The present study was conducted to standardize the seed dormancy breaking treatments to improve the germination. The results clearly indicated that seeds treated with GA3 @ 200 ppm for 6 h recorded maximum seed germination (84%) along with high speed of germination (5.5), seedling length (3.25 cm root length and 3.82 cm shoot length), dry matter production (4.94 mg seedlings-10) and vigour index (584) when compared to treatments viz., KNO3 1.0% for 12 h (64%) and thiourea 0.5% for 6 h (50%), while the control recorded 38% of germination. The increase in duration of soaking with GA3 beyond 6 h. significantly reduced the seed germination with concomitant changes in seedling quality parameters. Hence, it could be concluded that breaking the seed dormancy through exogenous application of GA3, KNO3 and thiourea confirmed the presence of physiological dormancy in nightshade seeds and it could be effectively broken through soaking the seeds in GA3 @ 200 ppm for 6 h.
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9

Muthukumar, Thangavelu, and Ramalingam Sathya. "Endorhizal Fungal Association and Colonization Patterns in Solanaceae." Polish Botanical Journal 62, no. 2 (2017): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pbj-2017-0016.

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AbstractThe Solanaceae family includes plants of high economic and medicinal value. Information on endorhizal associations in Solanaceae is limited. We investigated arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal associations in 20 solanaceous plant species (7 genera) taken from one or more sites, measuring the percentage of root length colonized in plants having different AM and DSE fungal structures. Root samples of all the plant species examined had AM fungal structures, and DSE fungal colonization was found in 80% of the plant species. Total AM and DSE fungal colonization and root length of plants with different fungal structures varied significantly between species. Significant between-site variation was found for root length in plants with fungal structures in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Capsicum annuum L., Datura metel L., Solanum melongena L., S. nigrum L., S. trilobatum L. and S. torvum SW. AM morphology was predominantly intermediate-type (60%), followed by Paris-type (30%). Solanum melongena and S. nigrum at different sites had Paris-type or intermediate AM morphology. DSE fungal colonization also exhibited significant between-site variation in Capsicum frutescens, C. annum, Datura metel, Solanum melongena, S. trilobatum and S. nigrum. We found a significant negative correlation between AM and DSE fungal colonization.
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10

Nataraj, Nirmala Devi, and Ramachandramurty B. "PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SOLANUM TRILOBATUM (L.) YOUNG LEAVES." INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 5, no. 2 (2014): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.050216.

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11

Pandurangan, A., RL Khosa, and S. Hemalatha. "Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum trilobatum roots." Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 8, no. 4 (2008): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3742/opem.2008.8.4.416.

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12

Ganesan, Anuradha, Gautham Kumar N, and Prabhu Manickam Natarajan. "Anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of Solanum trilobatum (Purple fruit pea eggplant) on human oral cancer cells." Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 13, no. 2 (2024): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2024.49325.

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Introduction: This research explores the capability of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced via friendly methods by using Solanum trilobatum leaf extract. The choice of S. trilobatum was supported by its diverse phytochemical makeup, which comprises recognized bioactive elements known for their anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer attributes. This research explores the effect of AgNPs derived from this plant as a promising eco-friendly strategy in oral cancer treatment. Methods: The synthesis of AgNPs involved employing S. trilobatum leaf extract, with observable color changes and spectral analyses confirming the unique characteristics of the nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy detected distinct functional groups, whereas scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the presence of biocapped nanoparticles exhibiting various shapes and sizes spanning from 100 to 300 nm. Results: Cytotoxicity assessments via the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed a half-minimal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 3.715 ± 0.242 μg/mL against the oral cancer (KB) cell line, indicating a significant inhibition. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays further supported the AgNPs’ anti-cancer potential, affirming their promise for oral cancer therapy. Conclusion: AgNPs synthesized from S. trilobatum leaf extract showed substantial potential as a therapeutic agent for oral cancer. This research adds to the increasing evidence endorsing the use of environmentally friendly synthesized nanoparticles in medical treatments.
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13

Pandurangan, Annamalai, Ratan Lal Khosa, and Siva Hemalatha. "Antinociceptive activity of steroid alkaloids isolated from Solanum trilobatum Linn." Journal of Asian Natural Products Research 12, no. 8 (2010): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2010.497997.

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14

Sakthiraj, Aksitha. "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Solanum trilobatum L. Aqueous Extract and Their Antibacterial Activity." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 2 (2024): S1211—S1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_544_23.

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ABSTRACT Solanum trilobatum L. (Solanaceae), commonly known as nightshade, has been traditionally used by various populations to treat a variety of ailments. Environment-friendly alternatives to chemical and physical procedures for the synthesis of nanomaterials have been proposed. In this research, the hot plate combustion method is used to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver nitrate and S. trilobatum leaf extract. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests, the cubic phase was face-centered, had good crystallinity, and had average crystallite sizes. According to morphological studies, the surface has a cylindrical and rod-like morphology, and average particle size estimates from UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), concur well with XRD, and the bio-reduced silver nanoparticles were characterized. Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the human pathogenic microorganisms were used to investigate the antibacterial efficacy (12.5, 25, 50 μg/mL) of these biologically created silver nanoparticles.
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15

A, Lalitha, and Thangapandiyan S. "MOSQUITO LARVICIDAL EFFICACY OF THE ACETONE LEAF EXTRACT OF SOLANUM TRILOBATUM AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS AND AEDES AEGYPTI." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 12 (2018): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.27432.

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Objective: The main objective of our study is to control the vector-borne disease. It is one among the major disease burden in developing countries. There are lots of researches carried out using the various plant extracts against larvicidal activities of the Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti. The present investigation was aimed to investigate the phytochemical analysis and mosquito larvicidal activities of Solanum trilobatum in acetone extract against the second instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti. Methods: The leaf extract of S. trilobatum was subjected to phytochemical analysis and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analysis. The mortality rates of the second instar larvae were recorded after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure. The lethal concentration (LC)50 and LC90 were determined followed by probit analysis.Results: The LC50 values for C. quinquefasciatus were found to be 265.69 ppm, 227.59 ppm, 212.42 ppm, and 189.47 ppm at various time intervals, and the LC90 values were 558.27 ppm, 504.92 ppm, 479.09 ppm, and 444.28 ppm. Similarly, LC50 values for A. aegypti were noticed at 301.09 ppm, 256.01 ppm, 209.75 ppm, and 167.44 ppm and the LC90 values were 582.34 ppm, 477.52 ppm, 419.40 ppm, and 371.84 ppm for the time interval of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h.Conclusion: The result of the current work revealed that the leaf extract of the S. trilobatum has the potential to be acted as an alternative for the controlling of the mosquitoes.
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Ganesan, Anuradha, Gautham Kumar N, and Prabhu Manickam Natarajan. "Solanum trilobatum leaf extract-derived silver nanoparticles downregulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and attenuate oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation." Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 13, no. 2 (2024): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2024.49406.

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Introduction: Oral cancer’s aggressive nature poses a significant health risk, demanding timely diagnosis and effective treatment. Despite progress in conventional therapies like chemotherapy and surgery, their limitations drive the exploration of alternative strategies. This study assessed Solanum trilobatum-derived silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in impacting cancer cell cycles, inducing apoptosis, and modulating key pathways, including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, leveraging phytotherapy and nanotechnology—a promising frontier in cancer treatment. Methods: AgNPs were synthesized through the reduction of ions and stabilized using aqueous leaf extracts of S. trilobatum. After the characterization of AgNPs, the mRNA Gene Expression and mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs) were assessed. DNA fragmentation was done and DNA pattern by gel documentation system was observed. The study also assessed the modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade, impacting tumor growth and proliferation. Results: Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry (UVvis), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. DNA fragmentation exhibited a typical ladder pattern. Dose-dependent changes in MMP were observed in the treated oral cancer cells. The effect of S. trilobatum-derived AgNPs in targeting the cell signaling pathway correlated significantly with their anticancer potency (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study reveals S. trilobatum leaf extract-based AgNPs as a natural cytostatic agent against oral squamous carcinoma. Utilizing nature’s resources and nanoscale science, they hold promise for enhancing oral cancer treatment outcomes and survival rates.
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Lr, Rejitha, and Ashalatha S Nair. "In Vitro Culture, Isolation and Cytotoxic Effect of Solasodine from Solanum Trilobatum Linn." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 4 (2022): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22408102114.

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Doss, A. "Antibacterial activity of tannins from the leaves of Solanum trilobatum Linn." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (2009): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i2.5.

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Dr., V. Kamalakkannan*, Dr. B. Sangameswaran Prof., Surya S., Thavasidharan D., and Udhayakumar B. "DEVELOPMENT OF AYURVEDIC BASED SOLANUM TRILOBATUM PEDIATRIC TABLET FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDER." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 4, no. 1 (2025): 885–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14965928.

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Govindan, S., S. Viswanathan, V. Vijayasekaran, and R. Alagappan. "A pilot study on the clinical efficacy of Solanum xanthocarpum and Solanum trilobatum in bronchial asthma." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 66, no. 2 (1999): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(98)00160-3.

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Radhakrishnan, Manohar, Kanal Elamparithi Balu, Lakshminarayanan Karthik, Raghavendra Sashi Krishna Nagampalli, Eswar Kumar Nadendla, and Gunasekaran Krishnasamy. "Exploring the Antibiotic Potential of a Serine Protease from Solanum trilobatum Against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms." Infectious Disease Reports 17, no. 3 (2025): 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17030050.

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Background: Multi-antibiotic resistance has become an alarming issue in treating bacterial infections in both community and medical environments. Globally, the scientific community has been exploring multi-antibiotic techniques to find new ways to address this challenge. To address this critical challenge and explore alternative antibiotic treatments, we investigated the potential of Solanum trilobatum, an edible and medicinally important herb plant in Ayurvedic medicine. Methods: Our research focused on a 60 kDa serine protease isolated and purified from the leaves of S. trilobatum, which showed evidence of possessing hydrolase activity. In this study, we examined the capability of the purified enzyme to eradicate preformed biofilms of S. aureus in combination with ampicillin. Additionally, we assessed the stability of the enzyme in the presence of metal ions and detergents. Results: Enzyme kinetics revealed a Vmax of 48.63 µM/min and a Km of 14.08 µM, indicating efficient enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the enzyme exhibited maximum activity at physiological pH, suggesting its potential effectiveness under physiological conditions. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings highlight the promising role of this enzyme as a potential agent to combat S. aureus biofilms, especially when used in conjunction with ampicillin, as an alternative antibiotic approach.
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Rathi, J. Martin, S. Absara, K. Priyadharshini, and V. Jegathambika. "QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SOME LOCALLY AVAILABLE INSECTICIDAL PLANTS." Journal of Biopesticides 1, no. 1 (2008): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.1.1.52-54.

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Qualitative phytochemical screening of ten locally available insecticidal plants such as Adathoda vasica (Ness) (Acanthaceae), Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers. (Poaceae), Eclipta alba (Linn.) (Asteraceae), Morinda pubescens J.E.Smith (Rubiaceae), Ocimum tenuiflorum (Linn.) (Labiatae), Phyllanthus amarus (Linn.) (Euphobiaceae), Sesbania grandifolora (Linn.) (Fabaceae), Solanum surattense (Linn.) (Solanaceae), Solanum trilobatum (Linn.) (Solanaceae), and Vinca rosea (Linn.) (Apocynaceae) were investigated. Petroleum ether (40 – 600 C), hexane, chloroform, ethanol and water were used as solvents. Secondary metabolities steroids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponnins, tannins, aromatic acids, and xanthoproteins were analysed using standard procedures. Tannins was found from water and hexane extracts of S. grandifolora and E. alba respectively. Except the chloroform extract of A. vasica, petroleum ether, ethanol extracts of O. tenuiflorum and petroleum ether and hexane extracts of V. rosea had alkaloids.
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Ahila Devi, P., S. Mohan, and G. Thiribhuvanamala. "ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST BY ALTERNARIA HELIANTHI." Journal of Biopesticides 06, no. 02 (2013): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.6.2.231-236.

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ABSTRACT Twenty plant leaf extracts viz., Acalypha indica, Azardiracta indica, Alternanthera sessilis, Aloe vera ,Vitex negundo, Wedelia calendulaceae, Centella asiatica, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Giliricidia maculate, Nila nirgundi, Leucas aspera, Lantana camera, Solanum trilobatum, Tephrosia purpurea, Hibiscus canabinus, Cissus quadrangularis, Mentha arvensis Polyanthes tuberose, Polygala elata and Solanum xanthocarpurm were tested against the growth of a sunflower leaf blight causing pathogen Alternaria helianthi by poisoned food technique under in vitro conditions. Among them, leaf extracts of Acalypha indica at 10 per cent concentration inhibited the mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germination to about 78.38 per cent, 85.90 per cent and 52.48 per cent respectively. The A. indica leaf extract was very effective against A. helianthi and can be used to manage this fungus under field condition.
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SHILPHA, Jayabalan, Manoharan JAYASHRE, Muthiah JOE VIRGIN LARGIA, and Manikandan RAMESH. "Direct shoot organogenesis and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of Solanum trilobatum L." TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 40 (2016): 866–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/biy-1509-83.

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Manimegalai, Sengani, Vijayarangan Devi Rajeswari, Ranganathan Parameswari, Marcello Nicoletti, Saud Alarifi, and Marimuthu Govindarajan. "Green synthesis, characterization and biological activity of Solanum trilobatum-mediated silver nanoparticles." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29, no. 4 (2022): 2131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.048.

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Thiribhuvanamala, G. "Incidence of a Candidatus Phytoplasma Associated with Phyllody Disease of Solanum trilobatum." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 6 (2018): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7015.

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Shyamala, M., and P. K. Kasthuri. "A Comparative Study of the Inhibitory Effect of the Extracts ofOcimum sanctum,Aegle marmelos, andSolanum trilobatumon the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium." International Journal of Corrosion 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/129647.

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A comparative study of the inhibitory effect of plant extracts,Ocimum sanctum, Aegle marmelos, andSolanum trilobatum, on the corrosion of mild steel in 1N HCl medium was investigated using weightloss method, electrochemical methods, and hydrogen permeation method. Polarization method indicates plant extracts behave as mixed-type inhibitor. The impedance method reveals that charge-transfer process mainly controls the corrosion of mild steel. On comparison, maximum inhibition efficiency was found inOcimum sanctumwith 99.6% inhibition efficiency at 6.0% v/v concentration of the extract. The plant extracts obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The SEM morphology of the adsorbed protective film on the mild steel surface has confirmed the high performance of inhibitive effect of the plant extracts. From hydrogen permeation method, all the plant extracts were able to reduce the permeation current. The reason for the reduced permeation currents in presence of the inhibitors may be attributed to the slow discharge step followed by fast electrolytic desorption step. Results obtained in all three methods were very much in good agreement in the orderOcimum sanctum>Aegle marmelos>Solanum trilobatum.
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Radhakrishnan, Manohar, Malathy Palayam, Ammar B. Altemimi, et al. "Leucine-Rich, Potent Anti-Bacterial Protein against Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus from Solanum trilobatum Leaves." Molecules 27, no. 4 (2022): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041167.

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A 24 kDa leucine-rich protein from ion exchange fractions of Solanum trilobatum, which has anti-bacterial activity against both the Gram-negative Vibrio cholerae and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria has been purified. In this study, mass spectrometry analysis identified the leucine richness and found a luminal binding protein (LBP). Circular dichroism suggests that the protein was predominantly composed of α- helical contents of its secondary structure. Scanning electron microscopy visualized the characteristics and morphological and structural changes in LBP-treated bacterium. Further in vitro studies confirmed that mannose-, trehalose- and raffinose-treated LBP completely inhibited the hemagglutination ability towards rat red blood cells. Altogether, these studies suggest that LBP could bind to sugar moieties which are abundantly distributed on bacterial surface which are essential for maintaining the structural integrity of bacteria. Considering that Solanum triolbatum is a well-known medicinal and edible plant, in order to shed light on its ancient usage in this work, an efficient anti-microbial protein was isolated, characterized and its in vitro functional study against human pathogenic bacteria was evaluated.
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Vanaja, M., K. Paulkumar, G. Gnanajobitha, S. Rajeshkumar, C. Malarkodi, and G. Annadurai. "Herbal Plant Synthesis of Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles by Solanum trilobatum and Its Characterization." International Journal of Metals 2014 (November 30, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/692461.

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Green synthesis method of nanomaterials is rapidly growing in the nanotechnology field; it replaces the use of toxic chemicals and time consumption. In this present investigation we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the leaf extract of medicinally valuable plant Solanum trilobatum. The influence of physical and chemical parameters on the silver nanoparticle fabrication such as incubation time, silver nitrate concentration, pH, and temperature is also studied in this present context. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The SEM and TEM confirm the synthesis of spherical shape of nanocrystalline particles with the size range of 2–10 nm. FTIR reveals that the carboxyl and amine groups may be involved in the reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles was done by agar well diffusion method against different pathogenic bacteria. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles can be used in the field of medicine, due to their high antibacterial activity.
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B, GAJENDRA BABU, and DAVID P.M.M. "NEW HOST PLANT RECORDS AND HOST RANGE OF THE SPIRALLING WHITEFLY, ALEURODICUS DISPERSUS RUSSELL (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)." Madras Agricultural Journal 86, june (1999): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00609.

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The rich collection of diversified flora at the District Science Centre. Tirunelveli I was screened for infestation by the spiralling whitefly. Aleurodicus dispersus Russeli during 1997-98. The survey revealed that A. dispersus did not develop on all host plants on which oviposiiton occurrred. Of the 27 plants showing infestation, 19 were 'breeding hosts' while 8 were 'feeding hosts'. The following 14 are new host records: Dillenia indica. Adenanthera pavonina, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Hiptage bengalensis, Malpighia punicifolia, Solanum trilobatum, Grewia tilliaefolia, Lantana sp.. Stenolobium stans. Ipomoea obscura. Bombax ceiba. Jatropa multifida, Sterculia sp. A comprehension of list of host plants shows that the pest occurs on 187 plant species from 58 families.
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31

Sini, H., K. S. Devi, and K. G. Nevin. "Chloroform Extract of Solanum trilobatum Inhibits the Progress of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Mice." International Journal of Cancer Research 12, no. 1 (2015): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijcr.2016.17.28.

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32

Rajasulochana, P., Abhigna Battineni, and S. Fahira Tasneem. "Comparative Analysis Of In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity Of Wild And Micropropagated Solanum Trilobatum L." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1979, no. 1 (2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1979/1/012013.

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33

Ganesan, Kumar, Kumeshini Sukalingam, and Baojun Xu. "Solanum trilobatum L. Ameliorate Thioacetamide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatic Damage in Albino Rats." Antioxidants 6, no. 3 (2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030068.

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34

Suresh, V., R. Sendhilnathan, P. Jansirani, K. Sundharaiya, A. Palanisamy, and P. Subramani. "Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of thuduvalai (Solanum trilobatum L.)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1241 (June 2019): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2019.1241.49.

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35

Sivakumar, Dr P., Dr M. Chitra, Dr T. Prabha, Dr A. Kamaraj, Dr M. Selvamurugan, and Dr M. Kiruba. "Unrevealing phytochemistry, medicinal pharmacology and in vitro regeneration of Solanum trilobatum: A recent review." International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 8, no. 8 (2024): 999–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i8m.1914.

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36

Parasuraman, Subramani, LeowYu Chuen, SiawSze Hoong, DavidLim De Wei, LimNian Zou, and Sunderesan Loshini. "Poor antimicrobial activity of methanol and ethanol extract of leaves of Solanum trilobatum Linn." Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results 8, no. 1 (2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpnr.jpnr_7_17.

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37

Parasuraman, Subramani, SiawSze Hoong, LimNian Zou, DavidLim De Wei, and Sunderesan Loshini. "Lack of antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Solanum trilobatum Linn (Solanaceae)." Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results 9, no. 1 (2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpnr.jpnr_9_18.

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38

Nivedithadevi, D., M. Arivalagan, and R. Somasundaram. "Plant growth regulators alters antioxidant metabolisms in Solanum trilobatum L.: An underutilized medicinal herb." Journal of Medicinal Botany 1 (June 1, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/jmb.2017.v1.51.

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In this study, the changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Solanum trilobatum was estimated upon treatment with plant growth regulators (PGR) like Abscisic acid (ABA), Paclobutrazol (PBZ) and Salicylic acid (SA). The given treatments were started at 70th day followed by 80th, 90th and 100th Days After Sowing (DAS). The groups were treated with respect growth hormones by spraying method to ABA 10 µg L-1, PBZ 10 mg L-1 and SA 500 µg L-1 concentrations. The plant was harvested on 80th, 90th, 100th and 110th DAS and analyzed the non-enzymatic antioxidants like Reduced glutathione (GSH), Ascorbic acid (AA) and α-tocopherol contents and enzymatic antioxidants like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POX), Catalase (CAT) and Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. In all the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant contents were increased by the growth regulators to a significant extent when compared with control plants. In our results indicated that the ABA, PBZ and SA applications at low concentration can be used as a potential tool to increase defence mechanisms in medicinal plants.
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39

Gopinath, Subash C. B., Santheraleka Ramanathan, Koh Hann Suk, Mu Ee Foo, Periasamy Anbu, and M. N. A. Uda. "Engineered nanostructures to carry the biological ligands." MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815006002.

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Different nanostructures were engineered with the nanoscale dimension lesser than 100 nm. These nanostructures include silver, cellulose nanoparticles and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT). Biological ligands were obtained from the medicinally important herbal plants, such as Solanum trilobatum and Hempedu bumi and conjugated with the nanostructures silver nanoparticle and SWCNT, respectively. On the other hand, bio-ligands from cow urine were encapsulated in the cellulose nanoparticle. To confirm morphology these nanostructures, they were observed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and the results displayed the uniformed nanostructures. Further, biological ligand carrying ability of these nanostructures was confirmed by the bacterial inhibition assay on the agar plate. This study provided the evidence on the capability of nanostructures to carry the biological ligands.
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Venugopal, Ramachandran, Palaniyandi Senthilnat, Venkatraman Magesh, Balasubramanian Rajkapoor, and Dhanapal Sakthiseka. "Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Solanum trilobatum along with Paclitaxel in Lung Cancer Bearing Swiss Albino Mice." International Journal of Cancer Research 3, no. 2 (2007): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijcr.2007.119.126.

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41

Jahan, M. S., G. Vani, and C. S. Shyamalade. "Anti-carcinogenic Effect of Solanum trilobatum in Diethylnitrosamine Induced and Phenobarbital Promoted Heaptocarcinogenesis in Rats." Asian Journal of Biochemistry 6, no. 1 (2010): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajb.2011.74.81.

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42

Prabha, V., T. Janisubha, S. R. Gibin, et al. "Chemical synthesis of NiO nanoparticles from Solanum trilobatum leaf extract for antibacterial and cytotoxic properties." Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects 40 (December 2024): 101337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101337.

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43

Pant, Gaurav, Nitesh Nayak, and R. Gyana Prasuna. "Enhancement of antidandruff activity of shampoo by biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from Solanum trilobatum plant leaf." Applied Nanoscience 3, no. 5 (2012): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-012-0164-y.

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44

Divyagnaneswari, M., D. Christybapita, and R. Dinakaran Michael. "Enhancement of nonspecific immunity and disease resistance in Oreochromis mossambicus by Solanum trilobatum leaf fractions." Fish & Shellfish Immunology 23, no. 2 (2007): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.015.

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45

Kanchana, Amarnath, Saveetha Devarajan, and Senniyanallur Rathakrishnan Ayyappan. "Green synthesis and characterization of palladium nanoparticles and its conjugates from solanum trilobatum leaf extract." Nano-Micro Letters 2, no. 3 (2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03353637.

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46

Adil, L., and Purushothaman Natarajan. "De novo assembly and analysis of Solanum trilobatum L. leaf transcriptome using next generation sequencing technology." Canadian Journal of Biotechnology 1, Special Issue (2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.24870/cjb.2017-a172.

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47

Sivakumar, C., M. Senthilkumar, and G. N. Kousalya. "Green Synthesized Silver and Copper Nanoparticles Using Solanum trilobatum Root Extract and Comparative Study of Characterization." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 60, no. 7 (2024): 1264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428024070182.

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48

Ezhilarasi, A. Angel, J. Judith Vijaya, K. Kaviyarasu, Xu Zhang, and L. John Kennedy. "Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using Solanum trilobatum extract for cytotoxicity, antibacterial and photocatalytic studies." Surfaces and Interfaces 20 (September 2020): 100553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100553.

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49

Ramanathan, Santheraleka, Subash C. B. Gopinath, Periasamy Anbu, Thangavel Lakshmipriya, Farizul Hafiz Kasim, and Choul-Gyun Lee. "Eco-friendly synthesis of Solanum trilobatum extract-capped silver nanoparticles is compatible with good antimicrobial activities." Journal of Molecular Structure 1160 (May 2018): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.01.056.

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50

Sundaralingam, K., Vinoth Kumar Muniyappan, VS Kavinesh, and M. Mathivanan. "Investigation of Seed Extraction Methods to Enhance Seed Quality and Viability in Nightshade (Solanum trilobatum L.)." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 6 (2025): 281–90. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i63488.

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Solanum trilobatum L. (nightshade) is a medicinally important plant, yet its cultivation is limited due to challenges in seed germination and poor seed quality. This study aimed to standardize effective seed extraction methods and assess their impact on seed quality and viability. Three categories of extraction treatments such as fermentation, acid and alkali were evaluated. Among these, the acid method using commercial HCl @ 20 ml kg⁻¹ for 2 minutes (T5) resulted in the highest seed recovery (7.76%), germination (42%), root length (2.21 cm), shoot length (3.11 cm), dry matter production (2.74 mg/10 seedlings) and vigour index (224). Tetrazolium viability testing revealed that embryo excision soaked in 0.5% TZ solution for 2 hours showed the highest viability at 88%. The findings suggest that acid extraction, particularly HCl @ 20 ml kg⁻¹ for 2 minutes, is the most effective method for improving seed quality in nightshade and can aid in its large-scale cultivation and conservation.
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