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Journal articles on the topic 'Solar buildings'
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1
Walker, Andy, David Renne´, Susan Bilo, Chuck Kutscher, Jay Burch, Doug Balcomb, Ron Judkoff, Cecile Warner, Richard J. King, and Patrina Eiffert. "Advances in Solar Buildings." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1592537.
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In the autumn of 2002, 14 universities built solar houses on the National Mall in Washington, DC, in a student competition—the Solar Decathlon—demonstrating that homes can derive all the energy they need from the sun and celebrating advances in solar buildings. This paper describes recent progress in solar building technology that expands the designer’s palette and holds the potential to radically improve building energy performance. The discussion includes market conditions and solar resource data; design integration and modeling; window technology, daylighting, passive solar heating; solar water heating; solar ventilation air preheating; building-integrated photovoltaics; and solar cooling. The Solar Decathlon competition highlighted ways in which these strategies are integrated in successful solar buildings.
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Kirankumar, Gorantla, Shaik Saboor, Putta Ranga Talanki Setty, and Ashok Babu. "Effect of Various External Shading Devices on Windows for Minimum Heat Gain and Adequate Day lighting into Buildings of Hot and Dry Climatic Zone in India." MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814404008.
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Glass is the major component of the building envelope to provide visual comfort to inside the buildings. In général clear and bronze glass was used as a main building envelope for both residential and commercial buildings to provide better day lighting into the buildings. If we use more glass area as a building envelope more radiation allows into the buildings. So that it is necessary to reduce more solar radiation and provide sufficient daylight factor inside the building's through glass windows with the help of external devices called shading devices. In this work four shading devices was tried on bronze glass window to find the heat gain and daylighting into buildings. This paper presents the experimental measurement of spectral characteristics of bronze glass which include transmission and reflection in entire solar spectrum region (300nm-2500nm) based on ASTM standards. A MATLAB code was developed to compute visible and solar optical properties as per the British standards. A building model was designed by design builder software tool. 40% window to wall ratio was considered for building models, thermal and day lighting analysis of buildings through windows was carried out in Energy plus software tool for hot and dry climatic zone of India.
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Saitov, E. B., J. B. Toshov, A. O. Pulatov, B. M. Botirov, and Yu M. Kurbanov. "Networked interactive solar panels over the roof photovoltaic system (PVS) and its cost analysis at Tashkent state technical University." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601133.
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There is great potential for generating solar energy using unused space on roofs and vacant lots around buildings. Small amounts of energy generated by each individual household, industrial building, commercial building, or any other type of building can be used to partially meet the needs of the building's residents, and the surplus, if any, can be fed to the grid. To use the existing roof space of buildings, SPV systems on the roof of buildings can be installed to replace DG generators installed to provide the minimum load required to operate during load shedding. TSTU has a large unused roof area from both residential and office buildings. Therefore, it has a huge potential for generating solar energy by installing a grid-connected Solar system on the roof. We can reduce a large amount of bills by implementing a solar power plant. The government has also launched various solar energy incentive schemes, this article provides a brief overview of rooftop photovoltaic and small-scale solar generation systems, and discusses various government schemes. Since TSTU has a large scope for this scheme, so the calculation of the design capacity was made for the technological College and one residential building. A method has been developed for calculating the capacity of Autonomous solar power plants and its elements, which allows us to take into account changes in the load during the day and thereby accurately determine the required capacity of the battery and eliminate unjustified overestimation of the power of power plant elements and increase the cost of the Autonomous solar power plant itself.
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Jiang, Lei, Weiqing Liu, Haiping Liao, and Jiabao Li. "Investigation of the Geometric Shape Effect on the Solar Energy Potential of Gymnasium Buildings." Energies 13, no. 23 (December 2, 2020): 6369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236369.
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Gymnasium are typically large-span buildings with abundant solar energy resources due to their extensive roof surface. However, relevant research on this topic has not been thoroughly conducted to investigate the effect of the geometric shape of gymnasium buildings on their solar potential. In this paper, an investigation of the geometric shape effect on the solar potential of gymnasium buildings is presented. A three-dimensional radiation transfer model coupled with historical meteorological data was established to estimate the real-time solar potential of the roof of a gymnasium building. The rooftop solar potential of three typical building foundation shapes and different types of roof shapes that have evolved was systematically analyzed. An annual solar potential cloud map of each gymnasium building is generated. The monthly and annual average solar radiation intensities of the different types of roof shapes are investigated. Compared to the optimal tilt angle, the maximum decrease in the average radiation intensity reached −20.42%, while the minimum decline was −8.64% for all types of building shapes. The solar energy potential fluctuated by up to 11% across the various roof shapes, which indicate that shape selection is of vital importance for integrated photovoltaic gymnasium buildings. The results presented in this work are essential for clarifying the effects of the geometric shape of gymnasium buildings on the solar potential of their roofs, which provide an important reference for building design.
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A'yun, Qurrotul. "Building Mass Optimization to Reduce Solar Radiation in High Rise Building by Using Parametric Approach." DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment) 51, no. 1 (July 22, 2024): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/dimensi.51.1.28-38.
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Buildings use 40% of global primary energy, therefore their design and use affect climate change. Building performance analysis can assist architects predict performance before construction with parametric design tools. Radiance can be reduced via a parametric mass, lowering cooling load and energy use. The study uses theoretical and computational research to explain, forecast, and analyze events, whereas parametric design optimizes complicated geometries using mathematical parameters and algorithms. Environmental analysis in Grasshopper with the Ladybug plugin uses Rhinoceros. This plugin provides solar radiation, and climate analysis capabilities. To determine the most energy-efficient building design, the research links independent and dependent variables such solar radiation intensity and building mass. The study uses Surabaya weather data and high rise buildings. The land is formed like a square, with a 15-degree slope to the north and is flanked by low-rise buildings. As a result, the location receives the most direct sunlight during the day. Then, solar radiation analysis. It helps optimize passive solar design solutions. According to the modelling results, solar radiation on the top and west sides are particularly large and dominant in 65.37 and 32.69 kWh/m2. Meanwhile, the north, east and south sides receive very little solar radiation. The following simulation considers the optimal direction, which is to extend west-east and face to the south. A multi-towered megastructure is a high-rise building that responds best to solar radiation. The total solar radiation value is 3,718,100 kWh. It can accommodate large spaces with large mass composition but relatively low total solar radiation values. The building towers provide shade to each other, thereby reducing direct radiation from the sun to the building. The sides of the building's podium are also shaded, so the top of the building is partially red.
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Li, Qingqing, Jianhua Fan, and Junpeng Huang. "Regional Adaptability Analysis of Solar Roof Utilization Technologies in China." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 2792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062792.
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Considering the vast areas of building rooftops and the fast development of solar utilization technologies, this paper aims to analyze the regional adaptability of solar roof utilization technologies for buildings in China. All provinces and cities in China are divided into 13 zones based on their economic development, thermal climate division, and availability of solar energy resources. Over 100 buildings are investigated, and the information of 28 buildings is analyzed to finally identify 18 typical building types. A new evaluation method is developed for both solar heating systems and solar PV. An adaptability index is developed considering the energy conservation, environment effect, and economy benefit of the systems. The developed method is used to evaluate the solar utilization technologies applied on the 18 buildings across 13 zones. The result show that the average adaptability index values for solar thermal technology and solar PV technology are 2.54 and 1.63, respectively. The solar heating system has a shorter payback time than the solar PV system for most regions of China and therefore is more favored. Recommendations on supporting policies and measures are given for policy makers with an aim to promote the utilization efficiency of building roofs. This paper provides references for the selection and application of relevant solar utilization technologies on building roofs.
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Yang, Yuan. "Research on the proportion of solar energy replacing conventional energy under the development trend of green building." E3S Web of Conferences 490 (2024): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449001010.
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Question: To explore the proportion of solar energy in replacing conventional energy under the trend of green building development. Methods: The literature and data about the development trend of green building and solar energy utilization were collected. By analyzing these literatures and data, the proportional calculation equation of solar energy application in green buildings is established to evaluate the practical application of solar energy in these projects. Conclusion: Under the trend of green building development, the proportion of solar energy in replacing conventional energy is gradually increasing. However, due to the cost and efficiency constraints of solar technology, the current proportion of solar energy applications in green buildings is still relatively low. Therefore, we recommend further research and development of solar technology to increase the proportion of its application in green buildings, so as to achieve more sustainable energy use.
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Lobaccaro, Gabriele, Malgorzata Maria Lisowska, Erika Saretta, Pierluigi Bonomo, and Francesco Frontini. "A Methodological Analysis Approach to Assess Solar Energy Potential at the Neighborhood Scale." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 3554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183554.
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Rapid and uncontrolled urbanization is continuously increasing buildings’ energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. In this scenario, solar energy integrated into the built environment can play an important role in optimizing the use of renewable energy sources on urban surfaces. Preliminary solar analyses to map the solar accessibility and solar potential of building surfaces (roofs and façades) should become a common practice among urban planners, architects, and public authorities. This paper presents an approach to support urban actors to assess solar energy potential at the neighborhood scale and to address the use of solar energy by considering overshadowing effects and solar inter-building reflections in accordance with urban morphology and building characteristics. The approach starts with urban analysis and solar irradiation analysis to elaborate solar mapping of façades and roofs. Data processing allows assessment of the solar potential of the whole case study neighborhood of Sluppen in Trondheim (Norway) by localizing the most radiated parts of buildings’ surfaces. Reduction factors defined by a new method are used to estimate the final solar potential considering shadowing caused by the presence of buildings’ architectural elements (e.g., glazed surfaces, balconies, external staircases, projections) and self-shading. Finally, rough estimation of solar energy generation is assessed by providing preliminary recommendations for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems suited to local conditions. Results show that depending on urban morphology and buildings’ shapes, PV systems can cover more than 40% of the total buildings’ energy needs in Trondheim.
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Peng, Changhai, Lu Huang, and Bangwei Wan. "NOVEL INTEGRATED DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR NET-ZERO-ENERGY SOLAR BUILDINGS (NZESBS) IN NANJING, CHINA." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.3.87.
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The connotations and denotations of the term net-zero-energy solar buildings (NZESBs) have been in constant flux because of continuous developments in solar heating technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) technology, building energy-storage technology, regional energy-storage technology, and energy-management systems. This paper focuses on innovative strategies for implementing NZESBs in Nanjing, China. These strategies include integrated architectural design, including passive solar design (respecting climatic characteristics and conducting integrated planning based on the environment, building orientation, distance between buildings, building shape, ratio of window area to wall area, and building envelope) and active solar design (integration of the solar-energy-collecting end of the system – collectors and PV panels – with the building surface – roof, wall surfaces, balconies, and sun-shading devices – and the integration of solar-energy transfer and storage equipment with the building). Some Nanjing-specific recommendations and findings on NZESBs are proposed. The results illustrate that NZESBs can be realized in Nanjing if solar energy technologies are appropriately integrated with the characteristics of Nanjing's geography, climate and buildings.
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Khanmohammadi, Shoaib, Mohammad Zanjani, and Farzad Veysi. "Feasibility study of using solar energy as a renewable source in office buildings in different climatic regions." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-06-2017-0147.
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Purpose Present research focus on using solar energy as a renewable option for office buildings in different climatic conditions in Iran. To seeking a way to use clean solar energy and reduce current expense in buildings an investigation carried out. Nine office buildings in various climatic regions selected as case studies. Through a precise examination, buildings specifications, energy demand and climate information carried out. In the first step based on the buildings type and hot water demand, solar water heater systems designed for each case. In the second step, a cost-benefit analysis is done to detriment the economic aspects of implement aforementioned type of solar system. A cost-benefit analysis is done from saving energy and return time of investment point of view. Results indicate that solar water heater with low investment about US$500 and payback time between 2 and 5 years can be noticed as a desirable renewable option in case studies. Furthermore, analysis reveals that thermal load of building is more effective on fuel saving in building, while solar radiation intensity has more effective on the payback in solar water heater utilization. Design/methodology/approach In this study based on thermal load of nine building office and radiation of different part of Kermnashah province, the possibility of solar water system is investigated. Findings Analyses reveal that the thermal load of building is more effective on fuel saving, while solar radiation intensity has more effective on the payback in solar water heater utilization. The main originality goes back to consideration of different meteorological conditions in solar water heater selection.
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Hraska, J. "Adaptive solar shading of buildings." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 9, no. 2 (December 2018): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2018.9.2.5.
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Adaptive solar shading systems have in comparison with the traditional systems of shading increased potential ability to improve the quality of the indoor environment and to increase the energy performance of buildings. Their extension allows all-around technological progress, but also the extensive application of large-scale glazing in building envelopes almost in all climatic regions. The literature review shows that the characteristics of the individual adaptive shading systems differ. Some have better performance in the sun protection or in improving the building's energy balance; others for example are better in glare elimination or in redistribution of daylight. The main purpose of this contribution is to provide a classification of the adaptive solar shading systems. In the article are compared merits and shortcomings of adaptive shading systems and are shortly analyzed assumptions of their wider application in central European climate conditions. Attention is also given to advantages and disadvantages, which brings the application of some kinds of adaptive solar shading systems. Several examples of adaptive shading systems are shown and briefly characterized.
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Qahtan, Abdultawab, Nila Keumala, S. P. Rao, and Ali Mohammed Alashwal. "A Case Study to Assess the near-Glazed Workplace Thermal Performance." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1724–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1724.
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Passive solar control solutions have been widely used in buildings in tropic countries like Malaysia. It is assumed that these solutions may notably control the heat-gain of buildings. However, there is a lack of empirical studies that assess the extent of green-glazed techniques to sufficiently control solar heat-gain. The current study uses a case study approach to examine the thermal indoor performance, particularly the near-glazed workplace area. The performance of the ST Diamond Building (in Putra Jaya, Malaysia) has been examined in terms of: outdoor/indoor dry bulb temperature; glass surface temperature; heat flux through glazing; outdoor/indoor air movement; lux and; solar radiation. The results of the field analysis indicated that ST Diamond Building’s green-glazed solutions are efficient to control solar heat gain, which in turn will lead to reduce energy consumption for controlling solar heat loads.
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Pramono, Tri Joko, Erlina Erlina, Zainal Arifin, and Jef Saragih. "Pemanfaatan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya Pada Gedung Bertingkat." KILAT 9, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/kilat.v9i1.888.
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Solar Power Plant is one of the New Renewable Energy power plants. Solar panels can produce unlimited amounts of electrical energy directly taken from the sun, with no rotating parts and no fuel. In this study are optimize solar power plants using hybrid systems with electricity companies and the use of semi-transparent solar panels in high rise buildings to meet the burden of the building. The research will discussed about use of solar power plants using semi-transparent solar panels in multi-storey buildings. The solar panel used for the facade is a semi-transparent solar panel makes its function become two, that is to produce electrical energy as well as glass through which sunlight and can see the view outside the building without reducing the building's aesthetic value. In this study is the value of solar radiation taken from west is the lowest value in November 1.4 Kwh can produce energy PLTS 3,855 Kwh and the highest solar radiation in July amounted to 3.75 Kwh can produce energy PLTS 10.331 Kwh. From the utilization of this PLTS system, Performance Ratio of 85% was obtained using study of 36 panels on the 3rd to 5th floors, this system can be said to feasible.
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He, Wen Jing, and Hai Ping Liu. "Design Research on Building Integration of Ceramic Solar Collection System." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.203.
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Compared with conventional solar collectors, ceramic solar collectors have the advantages of low price and easy combination with buildings. The project emphasizes on the integration between ceramic solar collectors and buildings, and the content concludes structures of components, component design, collection systems and heat utilization. Finally, hot water will be supplied according to building functions, at the same time it can satisfy appearance demands of buildings.
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Erdenebat, Munkhtuya, and Sarangerel Khayankhyarvaa. "Assessment of a Solar PV System Installation on the Roof of a Building." Embedded Selforganising Systems 9, no. 1 (July 8, 2022): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14464/ess.v9i1.513.
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In recent years, there has been a growing trend to install solar panels on the roofs of buildings in Ulaanbaatar. These systems play an important role in improving the independence of electricity supply and reducing urban greenhouse gas emissions. Some roof surfaces in urban buildings are unsuitable for installing solar systems. This study assessed the suitability of solar energy resources and installing solar power systems on the roofs of buildings in urban areas. It also identifies factors affecting the roof that are suitable for installing a solar electrical system. The 15 kW system installed on the roof of the 8th building of the MUST was designed using PVsol software, and the results were developed. The solar energy level on the roof of the building is Ri = 0.78, indicating that it is a highly suitable roof for installing solar power systems.
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Li, Wen, Fanpeng Bu, Guohua Shi, Bin Yuan, and Yuetian Zhao. "Planning and design of an architectural energy supply system based on photovoltaic-thermal technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2757, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2757/1/012007.
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Abstract China’s building energy consumption is growing and the energy consumption of the whole process of buildings accounts for more than 46.5% of the country’s total energy consumption, of which the proportion of energy consumption used for heating, ventilation and air conditioning is as high as 50%. Solar energy has the greatest potential to achieve energy conservation in buildings. Buildings are the best carrier for solar energy utilization because of the advantages of local collection and local application. The combination of solar energy and buildings can meet a variety of energy and health needs in buildings, among which solar photovoltaic and CSP building integration technology is an important way to reduce building energy consumption and improve indoor air quality. This article presents a PV/T-based thermal storage wall system that efficiently utilizes solar energy. It outlines the PV/T technology’s fundamental principles and provides a detailed description of the system’s construction and operation, highlighting critical components like the solid thermal storage medium and heat transfer via a heat pump. The analysis indicates improved energy utilization and favorable economic feasibility. This technology offers a practical solution for the construction industry, promoting sustainable energy practices and environmental conservation.
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Cui, Xiaoling, Yangkai Zhang, Guochen Sang, Wenkang Wang, Yiyun Zhu, and Lei Zhang. "Coupling Effect of Space-Arrangement and Wall Thermal Resistance on Indoor Thermal Environment of Passive Solar Single-Family Building in Tibet." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (September 2, 2019): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173594.
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In areas where solar energy is abundant, such as the Tibetan plateau, passive solar buildings are attracting more and more attention and becoming a popular form of rural building. However, it is often difficult to achieve the satisfactory indoor thermal environment in a local rural passive solar single-family house. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment of passive solar buildings through building design, a systematic study of rural single-family buildings in Tibet was conducted. The basic parameters were investigated on the outdoor thermal environment, space-arrangement, envelope structure, and the indoor thermal environment. The building model considering space-arrangement modes was developed based on the survey data in multi-space passive solar buildings. The general physical and mathematical analysis models of multi-space passive solar buildings were established based on the heat transfer theory. Furthermore, the effects of space-arrangement and exterior wall thermal resistance on indoor air temperature were analyzed by numerical simulation. Results show that the indoor air temperature of the passive solar building is influenced by space-arrangement and wall thermal resistance together. When the space-arrangement of the building model was changed from “north-south through type” (mode a) to “through and separation combination” (mode b) and “north-south separation” (mode c), the indoor air temperature of the living room increased from 8.8 °C to 10.6 °C and 11.6 °C, with increases of 20.5% and 31.8%, respectively. In addition, equally increasing the thermal resistance of exterior walls in different orientations has different effects on the indoor air temperature. In the space-arrangement mode c, comparing with the temperature increment of the living room and bedroom caused by increasing thermal resistance of the south wall and north wall, the temperature increment of the living room caused by increasing thermal resistance of the east/west wall increased by 151.7% and 32.7%, and that of the bedroom increased by 609.1% and 239.1% respectively. This study can provide a reference for the optimal design of passive solar buildings in solar energy abundant areas.
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Dalal, Rakesh, Kamal Bansal, and Sapan Thapar. "Bridging the energy gap of India’s residential buildings by using rooftop solar PV systems for higher energy stars." Clean Energy 5, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkab017.
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Abstract The residential-building sector in India consumes >25% of the total electricity and is the third-largest consumer of electricity; consumption increased by 26% between 2014 and 2017. India has introduced a star-labelling programme for residential buildings that is applicable for all single- and multiple-dwelling units in the country for residential purposes. The Energy Performance Index (EPI) of a building (annual energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per square metre of the building) is taken as an indicator for awarding the star label for residential buildings. For gauging the EPI status of existing buildings, the electricity consumption of residential buildings (in kWh/m2/year) is established through a case study of the residential society. Two years of electricity bills are collected for an Indian residential society located in Palam, Delhi, analysed and benchmarked with the Indian residential star-labelling programme. A wide EPI gap is observed for existing buildings for five-star energy labels. Based on existing electricity tariffs, the energy consumption of residential consumers and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)’s proposed building ENERGY STAR labelling, a grid-integrated rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system is considered for achieving a higher star label. This research study establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings in Indian cities through a case study of Delhi. Techno-economic analysis of a grid-integrated 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant is analysed by using RETScreen software. The study establishes that an additional two stars can be achieved by existing buildings by using a grid-integrated rooftop solar PV plant. Payback for retrofit of a 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant for Indian cites varies from 3 to 7 years. A case study in Delhi, India establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings. Techno-economic analysis of grid integrated, 3 kWp rooftop solar systems estimates a payback period from 3 to 7 years.
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Zhang, Haihua, Yao Tao, and Long Shi. "Solar Chimney Applications in Buildings." Encyclopedia 1, no. 2 (May 27, 2021): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1020034.
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A solar chimney is a renewable energy system used to enhance the natural ventilation in a building based on solar and wind energy. It is one of the most representative solar-assisted passive ventilation systems attached to the building envelope. It performs exceptionally in enhancing natural ventilation and improving thermal comfort under certain climate conditions. The ventilation enhancement of solar chimneys has been widely studied numerically and experimentally. The assessment of solar chimney systems based on buoyancy ventilation relies heavily on the natural environment, experimental environment, and performance prediction methods, bringing great difficulties to quantitative analysis and parameterization research. With the increase in volume and complexity of modern building structures, current studies of solar chimneys have not yet obtained a unified design strategy and corresponding guidance. Meanwhile, combining a solar chimney with other passive ventilation systems has attracted much attention. The solar chimney-based integrated passive-assisted ventilation systems prolong the service life of an independent system and strengthen the ventilation ability for indoor cooling and heating. However, the progress is still slow regarding expanded applications and related research of solar chimneys in large volume and multi-layer buildings, and contradictory conclusions appear due to the inherent complexity of the system.
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Ahsan, Syed Muhammad, Hassan Abbas Khan, Sarmad Sohaib, and Anas M. Hashmi. "Optimized Power Dispatch for Smart Building and Electric Vehicles with V2V, V2B and V2G Operations." Energies 16, no. 13 (June 22, 2023): 4884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16134884.
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The operation of smart buildings (with solar, storage and suitable power routing infrastructure) can be optimized with the addition of parking stations for electric vehicles (EVs) with vehicle-to-everything (V2X) operations including vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-building (V2B) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operations. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization framework is proposed for the smart charging and discharging of EVs along with the maximization of revenue and savings of smart building (prosumers with solar power, a battery storage system and a parking station) and non-primary/ordinary buildings (consumers of electricity without solar power, a battery storage system and parking station). A mixed-integer linear program is developed to maximize the profits of smart buildings that have bilateral contracts with non-primary buildings. The optimized charging and discharging (V2X) of EVs at affordable rates utilizing solar power and a battery storage system in the smart building helps to manage the EV load during on-peak hours and prevent utility congestion. The results indicate that in addition to the 4–9% daily electricity cost reductions for non-primary buildings, a smart building can achieve up to 60% of the daily profits. Further, EVs can save 50–69% in charging costs while performing V2X operations.
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Wang, Biao, and Zhihao Wang. "High-rise Building Integrated with Solar Chimney and Bioenergy." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 898, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/898/1/012028.
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Abstract In dense mega cities, high-rise buildings huge energy consumption on mechanical ventilation and overheat produced by the air conditioners are among big challenges for the sustainable building development and green city construction. Solar chimney is proved to be an efficient method to promote natural ventilation for buildings. Different types of solar chimney are presented with a high-rise building layout example. Solar chimney geometry and environment basic data is suggested to be evaluated to optimize the Solar chimney’s natural ventilation. In addition, aiming as well a clean and sustainable environment, bio-energy can be adopted in buildings by integrating with algae-fluid window and wall system. Different materials of radiation absorber can be studied and integrated with solar chimney. An outline of research on solar chimney integrated with bio-energy for high-rise building is given in this paper. In order to succeed, close multidisciplinary cooperation is necessary for the project which involves at least architecture, thermal physics, air dynamics, materials science and biology. Experiment conditions and potential risk should be discussed beforehand.
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Ninzo, Thomas, Junaid Mouda Mohammed, and Rao Ch. Venkateswara. "Enactment of NZEB by state of art techniques in sultanate of oman." i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology 18, no. 3 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jfet.18.3.19163.
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The Sultanate of Oman, being a petroleum-producing country, depends on fossil fuels for the majority of its power production. The fossil fuel sources are on the verge of extinction if they are used at the current rate. Globally, buildings are expected to generate the energy they demand using renewable energy sources and, if possible, feed it to the grid. Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs) and Near Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) are put into action for the above purposes. With an average global solar irradiation of 5.56 kWh/m2/day and an average wind speed of 6.58 knots, solar and wind are the primary renewable energy sources that can be yoked in Oman. The solar and wind power plants that are being built in Oman are following the Grid Code Operations as of 2020. Buildings in Oman, newer ones and old ones, are constructed using traditional building materials, leading to poor performance of the building's peripheral enclosure and little or no emphasis on sustainability. This has led to thermally bungling building envelopes in Oman, contributing to high energy consumption for lighting and cooling buildings, which invariably adds to global warming. Extensive use of fossil fuels has also escalated the average global surface temperature. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the design and development of ZEB/NZEB technology to be used in an educational institute in Salalah, Sultanate of Oman, incorporating state-of-the-art techniques in harnessing renewable energy sources with Battery Storage Systems (BSS), construction/modification and orientation of buildings towards energy-efficient buildings, smart and energy-efficient systems and appliances, HVAC approaches, and automated real-time conservation practices using Internet of Energy (IoE).
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Cillari, Giacomo, Fabio Fantozzi, and Alessandro Franco. "Passive solar systems for buildings: performance indicators analysis and guidelines for the design." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019702008.
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Data from the International Energy Agency confirm that in a zero-energy perspective the integration of solar systems in buildings is essential. The development of passive solar strategies has suffered the lack of standard performance indicators and design guidelines. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of the main passive solar design strategies based on their classification, performance evaluation and selection methods, with a focus on integrability. Climate and latitude affect the amount of incident solar radiation and the heat losses, while integrability mainly depends on the building structure. For existing buildings, shading and direct systems represent the easiest and most effective passive strategies, while building orientation and shape are limited to new constructions: proper design can reduce building energy demand around 40%. Commercial buildings prefer direct use systems while massive ones with integrated heat storage are more suitable for family houses. A proper selection must consider the energy and economic balance of different building services involved: a multi-objective evaluation method represents the most valid tool to determine the overall performance of passive solar strategies.
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Mingfang, Tang. "Solar control for buildings." Building and Environment 37, no. 7 (July 2002): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1323(01)00063-4.
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Xiao, Hua, Wenjin Lai, Aiguo Chen, Shini Lai, Wenjing He, Xi Deng, Chao Zhang, and Hongyun Ren. "Application of Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Technologies in Buildings: A Mini-Review." Coatings 14, no. 3 (February 21, 2024): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14030257.
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Buildings account for a significant proportion of total energy consumption. The integration of renewable energy sources is essential to reducing energy demand and achieve sustainable building design. The use of solar energy has great potential for promoting energy efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of energy consumption in buildings. This study examines the applications of photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies in the field of architecture, demonstrating the huge potential of solar energy in building applications. To ensure a fresh and thorough review, we examine literature that encompasses the advancements made in the utilization of solar energy in buildings over the past decade. The key factors to consider in this study are reliability, performance, cost and aesthetics in real applications of photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies in the field of architecture, which have a significant impact on people’s acceptance of solar energy technology. Recent developments in feasible and effective optimization solutions for solar energy technologies are summarized. Accurate and convenient simulation techniques are also summarized for reference. The results show that the rapid progress of BIPV systems is fueled by advancements in three crucial areas: enhancing solar cell and module efficiency, reducing manufacturing costs and achieving a competitive levelized cost of electricity. The results can provide researchers with a reference for understanding recent technological developments in the integration of solar energy into buildings.
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Abrahamsen, Fredrik Ege, Sturla Grina Ruud, and Alemayehu Gebremedhin. "Assessing Efficiency and Environmental Performance of a Nearly Zero-Energy University Building’s Energy System in Norway." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010169.
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Increasing awareness of climate issues in recent decades has led to new policies on buildings’ energy consumption and energy performance. The European Union (EU) directive 2010/31/EC, i.e., the energy performance of buildings directive (EPBD), is one of the measures initiated to achieve climate and energy goals by reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. The EPBD required all new buildings to be nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) by 2021. Nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) are buildings with a very-high-energy performance and nearly zero or low-energy requirements covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby. The utilisation of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels is a common approach for achieving the nZEB standard. The carbon footprint of PV panels is often not discussed as a parameter. This paper aimed to analyse the environmental performance of an existing nearly zero-energy university building in a Norwegian use case scenario. This analysis is performed by assessing annual electricity and heat consumption from both energetic and environmental perspectives. The energy required for the building during the studied period is then used to analyse the environmental and energy performance of the building. When it comes to the environmental assessment, the commercial software SimaPro was used. The proposed revision EPBD and nZEB definition from 2021 suggests that nZEBs should also consider operational greenhouse gas emissions and life-cycle global warming potential from 2027. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the building’s energy sources looks at the global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and how they compare to Norwegian grid electricity. The results of the analysis highlights potential challenges to justifying the use of alternative energy sources to fulfil the criteria of nZEBs. When installing solar PV, it is important to consider the energy mix of the country where the solar PVs are produced. To solely consider the energy performance of the building, the installation of solar PV panels in countries with a high share of renewable energy may result in a reduced impact in terms of emission reduction from a life cycle perspective.
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Русу, О. П., Д. О. Гай, and А. Ю. Устенко. "ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СОНЯЧНИХ КОЛЕКТОРІВ У СИСТЕМАХ ОБІГРІВУ ПРИМІЩЕНЬ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 124, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2018.4.3.
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Determination the easiest ways to use solar collectors for building heating. Analysis of existing technical solutions for the use of solar collectors for building heating by the criterion of simple integration into existing engineering systems of buildings. Two ways of using solar collectors for building heating making easy to integrate into existing engineering systems of buildings are proposed. The use of solar air collectors for building heating both as autonomous devices and as part of integrated heating and ventilation systems is substantiated. The integration of solar collectors into existing air conditioning systems using Freon as a coolant, which will increase their efficiency during the heating season, is substantiated. The proposed methods of using solar collectors can be the basis for the development of new devices and systems for building heating, which can reduce the quantity of organic fuels and the level of environmental pressure on the environment.
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Lin, Yijie, Canyichen Cui, Xiaojun Liu, Gang Mao, Jianwu Xiong, and Yin Zhang. "Green Renovation and Retrofitting of Old Buildings: A Case Study of a Concrete Brick Apartment in Chengdu." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (August 15, 2023): 12409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612409.
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With the progress of urbanization in China, the energy-saving renovation of a large number of existing buildings, especially old buildings, has become an important project for the green and low-carbon development of urban renewal. This paper takes the old brick school building in a university in Chengdu as an example. Through field research, the existing problems of the building are analyzed in detail in terms of building function, structure and appearance, and a detailed plan for functional upgrading, structural reinforcement and façade renovation is drawn up, taking into account the actual requirements and environmental status. In addition, solar photovoltaic technology is integrated into the renovation of the building’s pitched roof. Through modelling and analysis, the amount of solar energy captured by the photovoltaic roof is quantitatively simulated and the dynamic energy-saving potential of the renovation project under changing actual meteorological conditions is pre-evaluated. The preliminary results indicate that such green renovations can contribute to about 164,066 kWh annual solar energy collection and the self-use electricity from the PV roof accounts for 42–76% of total energy consumption, leading to about 60% building energy consumption conservation. The payback period of such a renovation program is assessed to be about 1.9 years, which is quite economically feasible considering the local energy tariff policy. This paper explores the feasibility and design direction of green and low-carbon renovation and upgrading of old buildings, which can provide a reference for the application of green and low-carbon renovation of local old buildings.
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Vaz Sá, Ana, Miguel Azenha, A. S. Guimarães, and J. M. P. Q. Delgado. "FEM Applied to Building Physics: Modeling Solar Radiation and Heat Transfer of PCM Enhanced Test Cells." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 2200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092200.
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In passive solar buildings, energy can be stored using either sensible heat materials or latent heat materials. Phase change materials (PCM) can contribute to temperature control in passive solar buildings when melting occurs near to comfort temperature required for building’s interior spaces. The use of finite element method (FEM) as a numerical methodology for solving the thermal problem associated with heat transfer in current building materials and PCMs make sense, as it is a well-known technique, generalized and dominated, however, still little applied to the domain of building physics. In this work, a solar model was developed and applied in order to simulate numerically the effect of solar radiation incidence on each face of the test cells (with different solar exposures) without neglecting the main objective of the recommended numerical simulation: the study of the action of PCM. During the experimental campaign, two test cells with distinct inner layers were used to evaluate the effect of solar radiation: (i) REFM test cell (without PCM) with a reference mortar; (ii) PCMM test cell (with PCM) with a PCM mortar. The temperatures monitored inside the REFM and PCMM test cells were compared with the values resulting from the numerical simulation, using FEM with 3D discretization and the explicit modeling of the solar radiation, and the obtained results revealed a significant coherence of values.
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Li, Yang. "Application of energy-saving structural design under numerical simulation in solar heating buildings." Thermal Science 24, no. 5 Part B (2020): 3385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci191221130l.
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The research is to explore the changes in solar heating buildings under energy-saving structural design. This paper analyzes the changes in solar heating buildings under energy-saving structural design by constructing a numerical simulation method. It mainly studies the effects of the space temperature of the house, different thermal insulation methods, and wall thermal resistance on solar heating buildings. The energy-saving structural design mainly includes expanding the area of exterior windows, increasing heat retainers, adopting energy-saving walls, and improving the building envelope. The results show that after the energy-saving structural design, the indoor temperature of the solar heating building after the renovation has been greatly increased, with an average increase of about 6 ?C. Compared with the external insulation and internal insulation modes, the solar heating building under the sandwich insulation mode has the best effect, and the room temperature increases the most. Also, it shows that the east wall, west wall, and north wall of the building are increasing the energy saving per unit area of the wall as the wall thermal resistance increases. The difference is that the increasing range of the north wall has significant advantages over the east wall and the west wall. The energy-saving structural design for solar heating buildings under the numerical simulation method has significantly improved the utilization efficiency of solar energy. It reduces the consumption of traditional fossil resources and improves the quality of the environment. This paper?s research has a positive effect on subsequent research.
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Sakti, Anjar Dimara, Kalingga Titon Nur Ihsan, Tania Septi Anggraini, Zahratu Shabrina, Nugroho Adi Sasongko, Reza Fachrizal, Muhammad Aziz, et al. "Multi-Criteria Assessment for City-Wide Rooftop Solar PV Deployment: A Case Study of Bandung, Indonesia." Remote Sensing 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 2796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14122796.
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The world faces the threat of an energy crisis that is exacerbated by the dominance of fossil energy sources that negatively impact the sustainability of the earth’s ecosystem. Currently, efforts to increase the supply of renewable energy have become a global agenda, including using solar energy which is one of the rapidly developing clean energies. However, studies in solar photovoltaic (PV) modelling that integrates geospatial information of urban morphological building characters, solar radiation, and multiple meteorological parameters in low-cost scope have not been explored fully. Therefore, this research aims to model the urban rooftop solar PV development in the Global South using Bandung, Indonesia, as a case study. This research also has several specific purposes: developing a building height model as well as determining the energy potential of rooftop solar PV, the energy needs of each building, and the residential property index. This study is among the first to develop the national digital surface model (DSM) of buildings. In addition, the analysis of meteorological effects integrated with the hillshade parameter was used to obtain the solar PV potential value of the roof in more detail. The process of integrating building parameters in the form of rooftop solar PV development potential, energy requirements, and residential property index of a building was expected to increase the accuracy of determining priority buildings for rooftop solar PV deployment in Bandung. This study shows that the estimated results of effective solar PV in Bandung ranges from 351.833 to 493.813 W/m2, with a total of 1316 and 36,372 buildings in scenarios 1 and 2 being at a high level of priority for solar PV development. This study is expected to be a reference for the Indonesian government in planning the construction of large-scale rooftop solar PV in urban areas to encourage the rapid use of clean energy. Furthermore, this study has general potential for other jurisdictions for the governments focusing on clean energy using geospatial information in relation with buildings and their energy consumption.
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Krstic-Furundzic, Aleksandra, and Vesna Kosoric. "Improvement of energy performances of existing buildings by application of solar thermal systems." Spatium, no. 20 (2009): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0920019k.
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Improvement of energy performances of the existing buildings in the suburban settlement Konjarnik in Belgrade, by the application of solar thermal systems is the topic presented in this paper. Hypothetical models of building improvements are created to allow the benefits of applying solar thermal collectors to residential buildings in Belgrade climate conditions to be estimated. This case study presents different design variants of solar thermal collectors integrated into a multifamily building envelope. The following aspects of solar thermal systems integration are analyzed in the paper: energy, architectural, ecological and economic. The results show that in Belgrade climatic conditions significant energy savings and reduction of CO2 emissions can be obtained with the application of solar thermal collectors.
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Ahady, Shambalid, Nirendra Dev, and Anubha Mandal. "Solar radiation control passive strategy for reduction of heating and cooling energy use in arid climate: Case of Afghanistan." Indoor and Built Environment 31, no. 4 (October 11, 2021): 955–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x211050114.
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Buildings are significant consumers of energy and producer of greenhouse gases worldwide, and serious efforts have been put into designing energy-efficient buildings. Significant technological advances have been achieved in developed countries; however, advances have rarely been adopted in developing countries like Afghanistan. Such trends emerge from the lack of research in designing energy-efficient buildings to local conditions, practices and materials. This research focused on building energy modelling and simulation to evaluate the energy performance impact of different shading and orientation. The research design follows a case study over an actual seven-storey multi-apartment residential building in the city of Mazar-I-Sharif, Afghanistan, using primary field data and dynamic simulation. Findings demonstrated that neighbouring structures have a positive correlation with a cooling demand. Meanwhile, south is the optimal orientation to face the building's glazed façade, saving up to 7.4% of cooling and 9.7% of heating energy. Moreover, movable shading devices installed on the building's openings in the summer season reduce the building energy load up to 19%, with a total energy cost reduction of AFN. 188,448 ($2447.37 US) annually. The study underlines the vast research scope in customizing building designs to Afghanistan's climatic conditions and other developing countries, thus contributing to buildings’ sustainability.
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Ghamari, Mehrdad, and Senthilarasu Sundaram. "Solar Wall Technology and Its Impact on Building Performance." Energies 17, no. 5 (February 23, 2024): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17051075.
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Solar walls provide transformative solutions by harnessing solar energy to generate electricity, improve thermal comfort, and reduce energy consumption and emissions, contributing to zero-energy buildings and mitigating climate change. In hot and humid regions, solar walls can reduce indoor temperatures by 30% to 50%, significantly improving energy efficiency. Optimizing the performance of solar walls includes factors such as glazing, shading, solar orientation, ventilation, and catalytic techniques, allowing them to be adapted to different climates. Innovative solar wall variants that include photovoltaic panels, water storage, and phase-change materials offer multifunctionality and sustainability in building design and are in line with global energy efficiency and environmentally conscious goals. In addition, innovative solar wall variants that combine photovoltaic panels, water storage, and phase-change materials promise even more sustainability in building design. These multifunctional solar wall systems can efficiently heat, cool, and generate energy, further reducing a building’s environmental impact. Solar walls have the potential to significantly reduce heating energy consumption; align with global goals for energy-efficient, environmentally conscious, and climate-responsive building design; and offer dynamic and adaptable solutions for sustainable architecture.
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Zhang, Yun Peng, Shun Xiang Sun, and Yan Hou. "Effective Approaches for the Improvement of Solar Energy Collector Efficiency in Town Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1723.
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In order to reasonably make good use of solar energy---a kind of typical and clean energy, especially increase the efficiency of solar energy usage in town buildings, this paper introduces and analyzes solar Thermal-arrest Technology by way of how to increase solar absorption efficiency and how to decrease collector heat loss, finds an effective way to increase the efficiency of present solar collectors. Solar Thermal-arrest Technology is good for being widely used in town buildings. Its reasonable development is helpful to reducing building energy consumption and the relief of present energy shortage in China.
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Alam, Md Ziaul, and Sahriar Emon Masrafy. "Net Zero Energy Buildings in Bangladesh: An Investigation of Solar Panel Feasibility and Potential." European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, no. 2 (March 21, 2023): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2023.7.2.499.
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This research aims to investigate the feasibility and potential of using solar panels to achieve net zero energy consumption in buildings in Bangladesh. The study will focus on the technical, economic and environmental factors that influence the implementation of solar panel systems in residential buildings in Bangladesh. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights for architects, engineers, building owners and policy makers in Bangladesh, in their efforts to reduce the use of fossil fuels and carbon footprint of buildings and promote energy sustainability. The research will also contribute to the ongoing efforts to develop cost-effective, reliable and sustainable energy solutions for buildings in Bangladesh. This study will include a proposed design of a building that has been integrated with solar panels to achieve net zero energy consumption. This model design will provide a detailed analysis of the installation, cost calculation, performance and maintenance of the solar panel system. Additionally, the research will also examine the potential of energy storage systems, such as batteries and thermal storage, in enhancing the performance of the solar panel systems and achieving net zero energy consumption.
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Chudikova, B., and M. Faltejsek. "Solar energy in buildings solved by building information modeling." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 324 (March 2018): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/324/1/012002.
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Singh, Gulab. "Energy Conservation in Institutional Buildings: A Case Study in India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (April 30, 2024): 3888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59480.
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Abstract: Energy consumption is an important aspect with respect to operating costs of buildings. Modern buildings are being designed considering their energy performance and carbon footprints. However, there is scope to reduce the energyconsumption and carbon footprints in existing old buildings by suitable retrofitting. A case study is discussed where in the energy audit of an academic institution in northern India revealed several opportunities where energy consumption can be reduced considerably. This paper presents the analysis to achieve about 33% reductions in energy consumption and around 178 tons reduction in carbon footprint in an institutional building, Govt. Girls College Buildings Village Palwal Kurukshetra, India. It recommends measures that can be implemented with moderate investments and payback period. Another important feature is the utilization of roof-tops of institute building to install solar PV power plants apart from retrofitting measures. Presently 7% energy requirement is being met through installed solar PV power plant on the rooftop of institute building. Afterinstalling such power plants at all the roof-tops of building about 25% of energy needs can be met by solar energy source.
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Bachrun, Abraham Seno, Christy Vidiyanti, Lokman Hakim Ismail, and Izudinshah Abd. Wahab. "HOUSE'S SOLAR CHIMNEY A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE IN JAKARTA." SINERGI 24, no. 3 (July 11, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2020.3.010.
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The abundance of solar light in tropical countries is the advantage of the utilization of solar energy. Increasingly expensive electricity forces buildings to use passive ventilation as building coolers. One of them is the use of the stack effect through the solar chimney. The absence of residential buildings that use the solar chimney as part of a passive ventilation system makes the need for prototypes for residential buildings. The application of solar chimney to homes in Jakarta is something new. Six types of the solar chimney have been tested on a prototype, one-story residential houses in Jakarta. The location was assumed to be in the densely populated area of South Jakarta. Wind velocity ambient data using Rubber locations. Using Ansys 16.0, simulations have been carried out, and solar chimney with double-full roof collector was able to induce a wind velocity of 0.41 m/s on average
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Brar, Tejwant Singh, and Navneet Munoth. "Solar and Green Building Guidelines for Hot Arid Climate in India." Building Research Journal 61, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/brj-2014-0005.
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Abstract There are, presently, two schools of thought when it comes to designing buildings that promote sustainable development. One school emphasizes materials use and ‘‘green’’ buildings, while the other emphasizes energy use and energy efficient buildings. The promoters of ‘‘green’’ buildings often claim that the reduced energy use during operation of the low energy and solar buildings is counteracted by the increased embodied energy in these buildings. This paper gives categorical analysis of the technologies available for Low energy and green architecture and emphasizes the need to integrate both in residential buildings to of lower the energy use in operation during the lifetime in a residential building in hot arid climate. The results also show that there should be little difference between the approaches of the two schools of thought. The best buildings will generally be those that are both low energy, and ‘‘green’’. This paper also gives policy guidelines to integrate them in the building bye-laws for hot arid climate
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Matsuoka, Ryuji, Takashi Takemoto, Genki Takahashi, Tomoaki Inazawa, and Shinichiro Sogo. "A Novel Algorithm to Estimate Solar Irradiance of Urban Buildings for Photovoltaic Potential Estimation System Using a 3D City Model." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W4-2024 (May 31, 2024): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w4-2024-115-2024.
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Abstract. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is one of most promising means to prevent global warming in the present Japan. Since solar panels mounted on building façades are expected to come into wide use in urban areas, accurate estimation of PV potential of building façades is necessary for urban energy management planning. Accordingly, we decided to develop a system to estimate PV potential of urban buildings using a 3D city model. The system has two significant features: rapid estimation of hourly solar irradiance of points densely distributed on a building surface, and more flexible estimation of PV potential considering an arrangement of solar panels on a building surface. The paper reports our newly developed algorithm to estimate solar irradiance of urban buildings. The algorithm adopts the idea that “whether the sun can see us or not” indicates “whether we have sunshine or not” for calculation of hourly solar irradiance of a point on a building surface. In estimation of solar irradiance distributions on roofs and façades, utilization of projection images viewed from the sun created by using computer graphics (CG) techniques such as the depth buffer (Z-buffer) algorithm makes our system have much less computation time than most of existing systems using a hemispherical viewsheds or ray tracing. Results of an experiment conducted in Yokohama of Japan demonstrate that the algorithm would be able to estimate solar irradiance on not only roofs but also façades of urban buildings using a 3D city model accurately enough.
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Farangiz, Muxamadiyeva, and Xolmurodov Maxmatkarim Pattayevich. "INCREASING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS USING SOLAR ENERGY." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, no. 06 (June 1, 2023): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-55.
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AL-Assadi, Zainab I., and Fawzia Irhayyim AL-Assadi. "Enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the solar systems used as facades for building by designing multi-layer optical coatings." Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 3, no. 11 (December 12, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v3i11.5324.
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The design of zero-energy buildings can be depending on the effective integration of solar energy systems with building envelopes, where these systems save heat and electricity as well as enhance the aesthetic aspect of the facades. In this paper, the aspects related to the effective integration of buildings with solar energy systems (solar cells and collectors) will be discussed, as well as enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the facades, and since solar energy systems are visible to everyone, their design must adapt to the building structure and the surrounding environment. Solar energy system designers, architects, physicists and other contributors to building energy envelopes must consider the comprehensive concept of it, where buildings are part of the human and social environment and in close relationship with the natural environment, through the use of thin films technology through the design of multi-layers colored optical coatings covering solar panels for building facades. Accordingly, the energy sector should be seen as an area of aesthetic creativity. Two dielectric materials were used, the first is ThF4 with a high refractive index (1.5143) and the second is LiF with a low refractive index (1.393) and for several odd layers, starting from 3 layers and up to 21 layers and for a thicknesses of a quarter wavelength. The design Air/L/H/Glass was applied by the Mat Lab program for the seven colors of the spectrum, So, the aim of this research is determined in designing colored optical coatings for solar systems that enhance the aesthetic aspect of building facades, as well as generating thermal and electrical energy needed to operate the buildings and to find out which color has the best visible reflectivity and solar transmittance better than the rest of the spectrum, all the results exhibit that yellow color has the higher visible reflectivity and higher merit factor, so it is consider the most efficient color for coloring the solar systems than the rest of colors spectrum.
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Zhang, Jian, Cun Tao He, Chen Liang, and Liang Cai. "Discussion for Solar Energy Application of Green Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.158.
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Green building, a kind of sustainable development and energy-saving buildings, has a very important significance for alleviating strained resources, protecting the environment to reduce pollution; And the solar energy as a kind of important renewable energy, with features of energy saving, environmental protection and natural, is more and more widely using in the green building. This paper will mainly discusses the actual application of the solar energy technologies in green building.
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Yang, Zeyu, Zao Li, and Yitian Wang. "Carbon Footprint Analysis of Buildings Based on LCA Theory Under Carbon Neutrality Goals: Taking the 3rd China International Solar Decathlon Competition as an Example." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 7, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v7i1.4697.
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This paper focuses on the design of residential buildings oriented to the efficient use of solar energy, and selects the entries HUI HOUSE of Hefei University of Technology and Lille I University of France in the 3rd China International Solar Decathlon China Competition, based on the theory of the life cycle assessment (LCA) of buildings, and analyzes the carbon footprint from four aspects: building materials production and transportation stage, building construction stage, building operation stage, and building demolition stage. Through the calculation of the carbon footprint of buildings, the socio-economic benefits of HUI HOUSE in carbon reduction were analyzed; the result of the calculation was that HUI HOUSE achieved carbon neutrality in the ninth year, and continued carbon reduction after that, contributing a cumulative total of 947.54 tons of carbon negative in the life cycle of buildings.
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Lin, Yaolin, Zhenyan Bu, Wei Yang, Haisong Zhang, Valerie Francis, and Chun-Qing Li. "A Review on the Research and Development of Solar-Assisted Heat Pump for Buildings in China." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091435.
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The building sector accounts for over 40% of global energy consumption. The utilization of renewable energy systems such as the solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) in buildings has been shown to improve building energy efficiency and achieve carbon neutrality. This paper presents a review of the research and development of solar-assisted heat pumps for buildings in China. It firstly introduces the different stages of solar-assisted heat pump research. Secondly, the research on different types of heat pumps, the core components of heat pumps, the computer software used, and the economic feasibility evaluation of solar-assisted heat pumps are presented. Thirdly, the application of SAHPs in practical projects is examined and relevant regulations, standards, and policies for solar-assisted heat pump development in China are highlighted. Finally, recommendations for the future development of solar-assisted heat pumps in China are suggested.
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Hachem-Vermette, Caroline. "INTEGRATED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SOLAR COMMUNITIES." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 2 (June 2015): 134–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.2.134.
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This paper presents design considerations for an integrated design of solar communities highlighting the interactive nature of various design parameters to improve the energy performance of these neighborhoods. These considerations are illustrated through practical design examples of different neighborhood scenarios and individual buildings, based on extensive studies and analysis of energy performance of a wide spectrum of buildings and neighborhoods. The examples fall under two general categories – design at the neighborhood level, and design at the individual building level. Neighborhood design is illustrated by examples of homogeneous residential neighborhoods consisting of 2-storied housing units and of a mixed-rise neighborhood. Design of individual buildings focuses primarily on design of the envelope – consisting of roof and façades – for maximizing energy generation potential, as a function of height and relative position to adjacent buildings. In addition to examples of application of the design considerations, the paper outlines the process of design of solar communities and the role of simulations in the design process.
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Chang, Jing Yi, and Yean Der Kuan. "Application of CFD to Building Thermal Control Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 777–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.777.
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Building-integrated photovoltaic system is to import a photovoltaic panel system into the shell structure of a building by using building design techniques, so that the system constituents not only generate power, but are also a part of the building’s shell. If the photovoltaic panel is integrated with a sun shield, a power benefit could be obtained and both solar irradiation and the cooling load could be reduced. This study aimed to use CFD technology for analysis of building surface thermal control and flow field simulation, and further discuss the effects of the relative position of the sun and atmospheric wind flow field on the distribution of building surface temperatures and flow fields at different hours and in different seasons. Understanding the sun's position and other climatic conditions accurately is helpful for locating solar panels and solar collectors on buildings.
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Zhao, Juan, Yifei Bai, Junmei Gao, Tianwei Qiang, and Pei Liang. "Smart Evaluation Index of Roof SHS Suitability." Energies 15, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031164.
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The instability of solar energy and its resource distribution characteristics make it difficult to judge its suitability in practical engineering applications, which hinders its promotion and application. In order to better promote the effective use of solar energy and promote the solar heating system, it is necessary to put forward a simple method of judging the suitability of the solar heating system for engineering application. This study puts forward “F, Q” as the basis for judging the suitability of solar heating systems built on the roof. Two types of public buildings, office buildings and three-star hotels, are taken as the research objects. DeST software is used to change the heating area of the building by superimposing floors to simulate the heat load of the building when the heating area changes. A dynamic simulation coupling model of solar heating system is established in the TRNSYS software to analyze the operating status of the system under all working conditions. The functional relationship between “F, Q” and solar energy guarantee rate is established, and the solar energy contribution rate is divided into three regions of F < 30%, 30% ≤ F ≤ 50%, and F > 50%. The evaluation standard of the building suitability of the solar energy heating system is established according to the scope of “F, Q” in different regions (An office building for, e.g., if the contribution rate of solar heating system is required to be greater than 50%, the “F” of these four areas should be greater than 0.11388, 0.15543, 0.10572, and 0.04511.), and the effectiveness of “F” is verified through actual cases verified by other scholars in the research. The method proposed in this paper is helpful to judge the suitability of solar heating systems in different regions and different types of conventional buildings, so as to better promote solar heating systems.
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Zhao, Hui. "Application of Solar Technology in Design of Public Buildings of Cold Regions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (May 2011): 1447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.1447.
Full textAbstract:
Solar energy as a traditional and emerging energy has been great developed in recent years. It has the features of huge reserves, clean, harmlessness which draw the world attention. Imagine if the successful application of solar energy resources in the modern Public buildings will play a great role in reducing their energy consumption levels. This article analyzes the state of office building energy consumption and energy saving way to discuss the application of solar energy technology in the overall design of Public buildings, to mainly discuss the relationship of the overall pattern of office building and the changes of solar radiation. By mathematical analysis methods to target to the questions such as the choice of office building site, shape coefficient one by one, as the fundamental basis for design.