Dissertations / Theses: 'Solar concentrator'

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Sengil, Nevsan. "Solar cell concentrator system." Thesis, Monterey, California: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22111.

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Carrasquillo, Omar (Omar Y. Carrasquillo De Armas). "Design of inflatable solar concentrator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84399.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 115-116).
Solar concentrators improve the performance of solar collection systems by increasing the amount of usable energy available for a given collector size. Unfortunately, they are not known for their light weight and portability, which is ideal for basic applications like solar cooking. The goal of the project was to a design a light-weight and portable solar concentrator with minimal tracking requirements. The concept of an inflatable compound parabolic concentrator was developed, which required modifying the theoretical profile geometry. An analytical model was created to predict the efficiency of the system for different design parameter configurations. The model was used to develop a design and manufacturing process which was used to design and manufacture small-scale and full-scale prototypes. Experiments were designed to test the performance of the concentrators and the test results were used to determine a model accuracy of 11.4 1.3 % and 1.9±1.6% using the small-scale prototype and full-scale prototype, respectively.
by Omar Carrasquillo.
S.M.

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Chan, Ngai Lam Alvin. "Solar electricity from concentrator photovoltaic systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/14206.

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This thesis examines the prediction of concentrator photovoltaic system performance, and a model is presented where estimates are made using basic, fundamental material and atmospheric parameters, and successfully validated against measurements from a deployed system, to within 2% accuracy. A method to characterise the impact of individual atmospheric parameters on concentrator photovoltaic system performance is detailed and results are presented for potential deployment locations around the globe, demonstrating substantial differences in energy yield prediction accuracy if insufficient information is available, with up to 75% relative difference in energy yield and levelised cost of energy between basic and detailed simulations. In addition, the competitiveness of concentrator photovoltaic systems in different locations are benchmarked against existing technologies, showing significant geographical variation in their financial viability. The material quality in single and multijunction solar cells and its effect on the selection of optimal solar cell designs is investigated and the radiative efficiency of a device is proposed as a figure of merit to evaluate material quality. The optimal band gaps are shown to vary substantially depending on material quality at low solar concentrations, by hundred of milli-electron-volts, with ramifications for future solar cell designs. The impact of photon management, through radiative coupling, on cell performance is quantified for current and future high efficiency multijunction solar cell structures. Up to 5% enhancement due to radiative coupling can be expected for quad-junction solar cells, but current designs can expect below 1% enhancement. The work covered in this thesis has investigated and highlighted the potential problems associated with not fully understanding the atmospheric conditions in which concentrator photovoltaic systems operate, providing evidence and impetus for additional ground measurements or a drastic improvement in satellite-based measurement of atmospheric conditions. By integrating atmospheric parameters into an existing concentrator photovoltaic system modelling tool, new methods to characterise these conditions has been developed rigorously and accurately simulate system behaviour, a valuable resource to the field. In the design of optimal band gaps for multijunction solar cells, the work in this thesis shows that the material quality must be carefully considered in any design. A novel method has been developed to quantify material quality and provide a benchmark of state-of-the-art achieved values. The role of photon management in the form of radiative coupling is quantified, through the first examination of enhancement due to the effect, under realistic atmospheric conditions. This gives cell designers realistic expectations for performance enhancement.

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Sukki, Firdaus Muhammad. "Optimised solar concentrator for the soar photonic optoelectronic transformer system." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601455.

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Malaysia is one of the countries that have started to elevate the usage of renewable - specifically solar photovoltaic (PV) - in delivering its energy needs. This thesis is divided into two main sections. The first section evaluates the solar PV installations in the residential sector in Malaysia for the past 20 years; in terms of policies, research and development activities and implementations. Recently, the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) scheme was introduced in Malaysia and based on the financial analysis, any installation of solar PV could generate a lucrative monthly income to the household owner under the FiT scheme. However, a preliminary survey indicated that Malaysians are not interested in investing in a solar PV system, mainly due to the high cost of implementation. The next section focuses on the design of solar concentrators - particularly the family of Dielectric Totally Internally Reflecting Concentrators (DTIRCs) - with the aim of achieving a low cost solar PV system. Part of the PhD project is the optimisation of the concentrator design in the Solar Photonic Optoelectronic Transformer (SPOT), the main component of SolarBrane, a static building integrated PV (BlPV) system developed by SolarEmpower Ltd. An optimised design has been proposed using a DTIRC based on the Maximum Concentration Method (MCM). It has been demonstrated via simulations that the optimised design could potentially increase the output of the SolarBrane, at the cost of having a slightly larger structure. A novel type of DTIRC family. known as the Asymmetrical DTIRC (ADTIRC). has been developed to provide additional gain at the "extrusion" plane of the concentrator, and further reducing the size of the PV cell needed. It is concluded tbat this new design generates a much higher gain compared to the concentrator in the SolarBranel. The results from the indoor experiments indicate that the ADTIRC-PV structure could increase the electrical output by 4.2x when compared with the non-concentrating solar PV cell.

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Claudino, Filho Vicente de Vasconcelos. "Desenvolvimento de um coletor Fresnel para sistema de climatização dessecante." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8678.

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Submitted by Morgana Silva (morgana_linhares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-23T16:07:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 2848624 bytes, checksum: f5075c15190584601d6a5374e1d06fd7 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-23T16:07:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 2848624 bytes, checksum: f5075c15190584601d6a5374e1d06fd7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-22
Brazil has as a main source for production of electricity the dams using water to drive the turbines and as a secondary source are used the thermoelectric power plants that use fuel oil for electric power production. Both generate a large environmental impact, due to the fact of the dams need huge areas for its construction, which often leads to destruction of important ecosystems in the region where it will be installed the hydroelectric plant, besides the fact that they need the rainfall cycle so that the dams have the operating capacity, while the thermoelectric power plants burn fossil fuels thus increasing emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere. An alternative to the solution of the problems mentioned above is the use of renewable sources of energy, with emphasis on this work. Solar energy can be divided into two parts: thermal and photovoltaic. This work it is focused on thermal use of solar energy, with a Fresnel-type solar concentrator to heat water, which will trigger a cooling system environment with the use of desiccant rotors. The choice of type Fresnel collector gave the field of development of this hub is still in constant growth and by the fact that even occupy a relatively small area when compared to other solar thermal concentrators, in addition to its construction be simple and low cost when again compared to other solar concentrators.
O Brasil tem como fonte principal para produção de energia elétrica as hidrelétricas que utilizam água para movimentar as turbinas e como fonte complementar são utilizadas as termoelétricas que usam óleo combustível para produção de energia elétrica. Ambas geram um grande impacto ambiental, devido ao fato das hidrelétricas necessitarem de enormes áreas para a construção das represas, o que muitas vezes acarreta na destruição de ecossistemas importantes para a região onde irá ser instalada a hidrelétrica, além do fato que elas necessitam do ciclo das chuvas para que as represas possuam capacidade de operação, enquanto que as termoelétricas queimam combustíveis fosseis, aumentando assim as emissões de CO2 para a atmosfera. Uma alternativa para a solução dos problemas citados anteriormente é a utilização de fontes renováveis de energia, dando ênfase neste trabalho a energia solar. A energia solar pode ser dividida em duas vertentes: térmica e fotovoltaica. Este trabalho está voltado para a utilização térmica da energia solar, através da utilização de um concentrador solar do tipo Fresnel para o aquecimento de água, a qual irá acionar um sistema de refrigeração de ambientes com a utilização de rotores dessecantes. A escolha do coletor do tipo Fresnel se deu pelo campo de desenvolvimento deste concentrador estar ainda em constante crescimento e pelo fato do mesmo ocupar uma área relativamente pequena quando comparado com outros concentradores solares térmicos, além de sua construção ser simples e de baixo custo quando novamente comparada a outros concentradores solares.

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Brooks, Clarence A. "Network model of a concentrator solar cell." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/562781.

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Solar concentrating systems are often used to decrease the cost of solar energy by redirecting the incident sunlight from a relatively large area onto a photovoltaic cell of smaller area. In addition to the convergence characteristics of the concentrator, indices of refraction and reflectivities which are functions of wavelength can result in an illumination which varies both spatially and spectrally on the solar cell. Nonuniformity can also be induced by concentrator tracking error. The effects of such nonuniform illumination on solar cell performance are of interest.In this investigation, a model of a concentrator solar cell consisting of a network of preexisting one-dimensional models has been developed. This model is analyzed for three sample grid configurations for both spot-focusing and line-focusing concentrator applications.Ada computer programs have been created which, together with a few other pieces of readily available software, are capable of simulating the model. Sample simulations have been performed for line-focusing concentrator applications. These results are presented and discussed.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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Bryan, Kevin D. "Computer modeling of a concentrator solar cell." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/543982.

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The application of high speed computers to simulate physical devices has pioneered many scientific advances in recent times. With a suitable model to simulate their activity, solar cells are excellent candidates for such applications. In this work, a computer program has been developed which models an N+-P-P+ solar cell in one dimension. This model is structured to allow solar cells of different materials to be used in the program, however, only silicon is used here in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the program.For purposes of simplicity, the following conditions are assumed. All solar radiation enters the cell at normal incidence. The cell's temperature is uniform throughout and is considered a constant in all calculations. Doping concentrations in individual cell regions are uniform. Generation and recombination rates are also uniform within each of the cell's three regions. Items common to the two-dimensional cell but superficial to the one-dimensional cell such as contacts, lateral current flow, edge effects and variations of any type in the lateral direction are assumed to be non-existent.Background information for those not familiar with the topic is given followed by a presentation of the equations used. The general method of numerical calculation is then explained. Examples of program output are discussed along with an example application of the program. An entire program listing is given in appendix B.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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Kaysir, Md Rejvi. "Novel luminescent solar concentrator utilizing stimulated emission." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16477.

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Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSCs) are an emerging technology that aims primarily to reduce the cost of photovoltaic (PV) power generation, with great potential for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) system. Commercial realization of these devices is mainly hampered by reabsorption loss. This work describes a novel method of reducing the reabsorption as well as improving the directional emission utilizing stimulated emission, rather than only spontaneous emission as in standard LSCs, by using a seed laser. Light from a seed laser (potentially an inexpensive laser diode) passes through the entire area of the LSC panel, modifying the emission spectrum of the photoexcited luminophores such that it is spectrally narrower, at a wavelength that minimizes reabsorption and allows a net gain in the system, and is directed towards a small PV cell, anticipated to be ~ 1 mm2. A fraction of the PV cell’s output power is fed back to the seed laser; i.e. the system acts as a closed loop system. This thesis reports the design and working principle of a stimulated-LSC (s-LSC) and the development of a mathematical model to identify important physical parameters for the practical realization. Also, a novel method to characterize the luminophores for the s-LSC system is developed using a parameter called ‘stimulated gain coefficient.' Finally, this concept has been explored with the known photostable Perylene Red (PR) dyes for the proof of principle. The experimental results are well-matched with the model except for the gain saturation with a comparatively small seed laser signal power. To investigate this gain saturation, two approaches were taken: investigating (i) spectral hole burning and (ii) triplet state absorption. None of the existing luminophores investigated show the required characteristics for the s-LSC system. However, there is a plenty of room for the innovation of luminophores to realize a practical s-LSC system.

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Alghamedi, Ramzy. "Luminescent solar concentrator structures for solar energy harvesting and radiation control." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1965.

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Luminescent solar concentrators are devices capable of converting some spectral components of solar radiation by luminescence and concentrating them before collection by photovoltaic. The aim of this thesis is to design, develop and demonstrate the principle of all-inorganic semitransparent luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) structures capable of passing most of the visible light through to provide illumination, while reflecting more than 90% of the UV and IR radiations and scattering them to the edges of the glass where they are collected by PV cells to produce electricity. All-inorganic visibly-transparent energy-harvesting clear laminated glass windows are the most practical solution to boosting building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) energy outputs significantly while reducing cooling- and heatingrelated energy consumption in buildings. A typical semitransparent luminescent solar concentrator is based on the integration of micro-engineered optical structures, nano-materials and IR-selective thin-film coatings, to realise stable, long-lifetime and shatterproof clear glass panels. The ability of the proposed semitransparent luminescent solar concentrators to generate electricity addresses the future net-zero-energy building demand [1, 2], making them ideal candidates for future high-rise glass buildings. The developed semitransparent luminescent solar concentrators employ low-e thin films, which particularly, provide many benefits, including, (i) building overall aesthetic appearance, (ii) low glare and (iii) filtration of unwanted components of the incident sunlight thus increasing the energy saving rating of buildings. The low-e glass panes are typically used in a double glazing structure in order to protect the low-e film from environmental impacts and improve the insulation properties of the semitransparent luminescent solar concentrators in addition to reducing the energy consumed for cooling or heating the inside of buildings. Multi-layer thin film coatings for solar and thermal radiation control are designed, using the Optilayer software package, developed using Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD), and tested using spectrophotometry. Experimental results show that the measured transmittance spectra for the developed structures are in agreement with simulation results and demonstrate that with the use of optimum metal-dielectric layer combination it is possible to transmit/reflect arbitrary spectral components of the incident sunlight. In addition, two types of semitransparent luminescent solar concentrator structures are designed, developed and characterised, namely: 1. LSCs incorporating inorganic luminophore materials into the lamination interlayer. These luminophores, when used in conjunction with spectrally-selective low-e thin-film coatings and CuInSe2 solar cells, enable most of the visible solar radiation to be transmitted through the glass window with minimum attenuation and the ultraviolet (UV) radiation to be down-converted and routed together with a significant part of infrared radiation to the edges for collection by solar cells. 2. Advanced LSCs incorporating inorganic luminophore materials as well as spectrallyselective diffraction gratings as light deflector structures of high visible transparency into the lamination interlayer. For these LSCs, most of the visible solar radiation can be transmitted through the glass windows with minimum attenuation while the ultraviolet (UV) and a part of incident solar infrared (IR) radiation energy are converted and/or deflected geometrically for routing towards the vicinity of glass panel edge regions for collection by solar cells. To boost the solar concentration capability of the laminated glass panes, functionalized epoxy interlayers are especially developed, which comprise UV-curable epoxy and inorganic luminophores with engineered absorption and emission bands. The developed functionalized interlayers demonstrate an excellent ability to scatter and concentrate sunlight within the glass structure with minimum reabsorption. Several materials and combinations of several luminophore types were investigated in order to determine the optimum interlayer structure that exhibits maximum UV and IR radiation scattering, conversion, and deflection towards the edge solar cells. Measured conversion efficiencies of 3.8% and 5.4% are achieved for 10 cm × 10cm LSCs samples without and with diffraction gratings, which correspond to output electrical power densities of 38Wp/m2 and 54 Wp/m2,respectively. A photobioreactor based on the developed semitransparent luminescent solar concentrator technology is developed, in collaboration with Murdoch University, for microalgae growth. An Insulated Glass Units (IGU) employing a special low-e thin film is developed, which passes more than 50% of the visible light while blocking more than 90% of the UV and IR radiations, hence, reducing the temperature inside the photobioreactor and improving the microalgae growth. The growth and productivity of the microalgae in the Insulated Glass

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Coventry, Joseph Sydney, and Joe Coventry@anu edu au. "A solar concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collector." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20041019.152046.

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This thesis discusses aspects of a novel solar concentrating photovoltaic / thermal (PV/T) collector that has been designed to produce both electricity and hot water. The motivation for the development of the Combined Heat and Power Solar (CHAPS) collector is twofold: in the short term, to produce photovoltaic power and solar hot water at a cost which is competitive with other renewable energy technologies, and in the longer term, at a cost which is lower than possible with current technologies. To the authors knowledge, the CHAPS collector is the first PV/T system using a reflective linear concentrator with a concentration ratio in the range 20-40x. The work contained in this thesis is a thorough study of all facets of the CHAPS collector, through a combination of theoretical and experimental investigation. A theoretical discussion of the concept of energy value is presented, with the aim of developing methodologies that could be used in optimisation studies to compare the value of electrical and thermal energy. Three approaches are discussed; thermodynamic methods, using second law concepts of energy usefulness; economic valuation of the hot water and electricity through levelised energy costs; and environmental valuation, based on the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation of hot water and electricity. It is proposed that the value of electrical energy and thermal energy is best compared using a simple ratio. Experimental measurement of the thermal and electrical efficiency of a CHAPS receiver was carried out for a range of operating temperatures and fluid flow rates. The effectiveness of internal fins incorporated to augment heat transfer was examined. The glass surface temperature was measured using an infrared camera, to assist in the calculation of thermal losses, and to help determine the extent of radiation absorbed in the cover materials. FEA analysis, using the software package Strand7, examines the conductive heat transfer within the receiver body to obtain a temperature profile under operating conditions. Electrical efficiency is not only affected by temperature, but by non-uniformities in the radiation flux profile. Highly non-uniform illumination across the cells was found to reduce the efficiency by about 10% relative. The radiation flux profile longitudinal to the receivers was measured by a custom-built flux scanning device. The results show significant fluctuations in the flux profile and, at worst, the minimum flux intensity is as much as 27% lower than the median. A single cell with low flux intensity limits the current and performance of all cells in series, causing a significant drop in overall output. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the causes of flux non-uniformities is essential for the design of a single-axis tracking PV trough concentrator. Simulation of the flux profile was carried out using the ray tracing software Opticad, and good agreement was achieved between the simulated and measured results. The ray tracing allows the effect of the receiver supports, the gap between mirrors and the mirror shape imperfections to be examined individually. A detailed analytical model simulating the CHAPS collector was developed in the TRNSYS simulation environment. The accuracy of the new component was tested against measured data, with acceptable results. A system model was created to demonstrate how sub components of the collector, such as the insulation thickness and the conductivity of the tape bonding the cells to the receiver, can be examined as part of a long term simulation.

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Berryman, Ian. "Optimisation, design, development, and trial of a low-cost solar oven with novel concentrator geometry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:42de9b33-18e1-4f22-8a44-3ddfd532bd0b.

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A promising and novel solar concentrator design has been thoroughly investigated and optimised. A prototype concentrator based on this novel geometry was validated using ray tracing techniques. This ray tracing demonstrated the comparative performance of this novel concentrator in regards to equivalent parabolic dishes. The effect of mirror surface normal errors on performance was established using Monte-Carlo based ray tracing code, which agreed well with the optical performance of this prototype which was determined experimentally. A need for low-cost solar cookers to replace bio-mass worldwide was identified, and the concentrator design was then developed as a low-cost solar oven. Despite existing in some number, no current design is able to achieve high performance at low-cost. An industrial partner, Dytecna, was initially involved in the process of this development of the system as a solar cooker. In support of a field trial for the solar cooker developed with Dytecna, a detailed thermal model of the oven was developed. A low-cost lightmeter was constructed and calibrated in order to measure the direct normal irradiance during the field trial in Italy. Laboratory work provided baseline results for the heating of various thermal masses in the oven. The Italian field trials provided a wealth of feedback into the design of the system and many valuable results. The solar cooker was able to bring 0.75L of water to the boil in 33 minutes with an average heat throughput of 203W. Important benchmark results and practical experience of several competing receiver materials was obtained; further lab testing provided more accurate measurements of the receivers' performances. The experiences of the Italian field trial were fed back into the design of a subsequent prototype, intended for a much larger field trial in Tanzania. Improvements in the hotplate, receiver material, and the oven were all incorporated into the design. Additionally, the structure of the solar cooker was redesigned to incorporate a low-cost wooden construction. Supporting work was conducted for the month long trial in which 8 solar cookers would be distributed to families in Tanzania. The field trial in Tanzania provided a wealth of user feedback into the design. At the same time the new solar cooker exceeded previously established performances in Italy. The new design was able to provide an average of 246W of heat to 1kg of water, which was brought to boiling point in 25 minutes. This represents a heating efficiency of 66% compared to the incident solar flux on the hotplate. In response to findings during the Tanzanian trials, further laboratory work was conducted into establishing the reflectivities of low-cost candidate mirror materials. Throughout all phases of the project the design of the solar cooker was refined and improved with the goal of a solar cooker design that could reach price-point, performance, and usability standards which would ensure market success.

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Ayala, P. Silvana, Shelby Vorndran, Yuechen Wu, Benjamin Chrysler, and Raymond K. Kostuk. "Segmented holographic spectrum splitting concentrator." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622711.

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This paper presents a segmented parabolic concentrator employing holographic spectral filters that provide focusing and spectral bandwidth separation capability to the system. Strips of low band gap silicon photovoltaic (PV) cells are formed into a parabolic surface as shown by Holman et. al. [1]. The surface of the PV segments is covered with holographic elements formed in dichromated gelatin. The holographic elements are designed to transmit longer wavelengths to silicon cells, and to reflect short wavelength light towards a secondary collector where high-bandgap PV cells are mounted. The system can be optimized for different combinations of diffuse and direct solar illumination conditions for particular geographical locations by controlling the concentration ratio and filtering properties of the holographic elements. In addition, the reflectivity of the back contact of the silicon cells is used to increase the optical path length and light trapping. This potentially allows the use of thin film silicon for the low bandgap PV cell material. The optical design combines the focusing properties of the parabolic concentrator and the holographic element to control the concentration ratio and uniformity of the spectral distribution at the high bandgap cell location. The presentation concludes with a comparison of different spectrum splitting holographic filter materials for this application.

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Alberti, Simone. "Analysis and Optimization of the Scheffler Solar Concentrator." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1335.

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The Scheffler reflector is a new solar concentrator design which maintains a fixed focus while only having a single axis tracking mechanism. This design makes the construction and operation of high temperature solar concentrators accessible to developing nations. In this project, I wrote computer simulation codes to better understand the dynamics and the effect of deformation or deviations from ideal conditions in order to define necessary manufacturing and operational tolerances. These tools and knowledge drove the prototyping of new reflector concepts by myself and other students on my team. A fiberglass prototype was able to drive the cost of a reflector to sub-$50 and a wood reflector was manufactured with accessible materials and techniques used in boat building.

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BERNARDONI, Paolo. "Performance Optimization of Luminescent Solar Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2403385.

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Lo scopo di questo lavoro è l'ottimizzazione di sistemi fotovoltaici basati su concentratori solari a luminescenza, questi dispositivi non sono di nuova concezione ma, al momento, non è ancora disponibile un'analisi approfondita di sistemi dalle dimensioni adatte alla costruzione di dispositivi per integrazione architettonica. Per questa ragione, in questo lavoro, vengono analizzate le prestazioni di LSC costruiti impiegando diversi pigmenti, dimensioni e configurazioni ottiche così come l'effetto dell'auto-assorbimento sullo spettro di emissione del dispositivo, inoltre le differenti configurazioni ottiche sono state anche sottoposte a diverse condizioni di ombreggiamento così da identificare la più efficiente non solo in condizioni di lavoro ideali ma anche in uno scenario più simile alle reali condizioni di impiego di un dispositivo mirato all'integrazione architettonica. I prototipi sono stati costruiti a seguito di un ampio lavoro di simulazione del loro comportamento ottico mirato alla selezione delle configurazioni più promettenti, in particolare non è stata tenuta in considerazione solo l'efficienza ma anche la scalabilità del progetto e la facilità di assemblaggio: caratteristiche importanti per un prototipo che dovrebbe essere oggetto di trasferimento tecnologico dalla ricerca all'industria. Il primo risultato ottenuto è la dimostrazione della fattibilità di LSC di grandi dimensioni, ben oltre la comune dimensione da laboratorio di 5x5cm, inoltre, si è anche dimostrato come le prestazioni degli LSC possano essere incrementate con una contemporanea riduzione dei costi applicando pellicole riflettenti sui bordi così da uniformare il profilo di irradianza sulle celle. Tuttavia il risultato più significativo ottenuto è di aver dimostrato come sistemi con un ridotto numero di celle accoppiate a pellicole riflettenti poste sui lati rimanenti dell'LSC possano fornire un'efficienza maggiore rispetto ai sistemi tradizionali con le celle posizionate su quattro lati. Questi sistemi hanno anche mostrato una minore sensibilità agli effetti dell'ombreggiamento che rappresenta un risultato fondamentale per una tecnologia mirata all'integrazione architettonica, sottolineandone il progresso da argomento di ricerca a tecnologia con buone premesse di trasferimento verso l'industria.
The purpose of this work is the optimization of photovoltaic systems based on luminescent solar concentrators, these devices are not a new concept but, so far, a thorough analysis of the performance of LSC systems with sizes practical for building integration applications is missing. For this reason in this work the performances of LSCs based on different dyes, different sizes and various optical configurations were analysed as well as the effect of self-absorption on the output spectrum, moreover the performances of the systems with different optical configurations were analysed under some possible shading conditions in order to identify the most efficient and convenient design non only under an ideal working exposure but also in a real world scenario. The prototypes were built after an extensive work of simulation of their optical behaviour aimed at selecting the most promising designs, in particular not only the efficiency has been taken into account but also the scalability of the modules to larger or smaller sizes and the ease of assembly: important features for a design that should undergo a technology transfer from research to industrialization. The first result obtained is that the feasibility of large size LSCs (up to one square metre) well above the common laboratory size of 5×5cm have been demonstrated, moreover, it has also been shown that the performances of LSC systems can be improved, while lowering cost at the same time, by using reflective layers to get a more uniform irradiance profile on the cells. Anyway the most remarkable result obtained so far is having demonstrated that systems employing a small number of cells and a reflective film on the remaining sides of the LSC can yield a higher efficiency than a traditional design with cells placed on four sides, moreover these systems have also demonstrated a lower sensitivity to shading losses which represents a fundamental result for a technology targeted at the building integration, highlighting the progress of luminescent solar concentrators from a mere laboratory research topic to a promising industrialisable technology.

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Skouras, George N. "Design and Analysis of a Parabolic Trough Solar Concentrator." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1915.

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A prototype solar desalination system (SODESAL) with a parabolic-trough solar concentrator (PTSC) and evacuated tube was designed and analyzed to determine the solar thermal capabilities for small-scale distillation and energy generation. A proof-of-concept study verified that distillation is possible with the system as designed, however a rupture occurred in the copper heat-pipe heat exchanger due to overheating. The internal temperatures of an aluminum heat transfer fin were measured inside an evacuated tube typically used in solar water heater systems to understand the lateral heat distribution and identify possible causes of the rupture. Solar radiation was measured for both the summer and winter solstices to understand the relationship between incident solar radiation and the potential freshwater yield of the system. The lateral heat distribution of the AHTF is dependent upon the PTSC’s solar incident angle. A consistent lateral heat distribution occurred across the AHTF approximately 40 mins after solar noon. The temperature difference between each end of the AHTF can exceed over 225 °C leading up to and following solar noon when the PTSC was set at a static slope. The SODESAL system’s future applications, system improvements and additional research are also discussed along with the capability of small-scale CSP systems.

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Hudec, Chris L. "Construction of Gallium Arsenide Solar Concentrator for space use." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22989.

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A Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) Solar Concentrator Array (SCA) was constructed using the recently developed fresnel lens technology. The parts used were a mixture of space qualified components and readily available off-the-shelf items. THe objective of the test to verify that the SCA would substantially increase the array's power output and reject the high thermal radiation it would encounter in space. It was found that the 3 by 3 GaAs SCA power output increased from 29.88 mW to 433.71 mW. The thermal analysis and the steady state cell operating temperature calculation showed that the SCA's thermal design would keep the GaAs solar cells at a steady state temperature of 50.7 C. However, because of the low intensity level of the light source available for use the cell operating temperature was only 27 C. This was considered to be inconclusive in determining the adequacy of the thermal design

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Walker, Gregg Stuart. "Development of a low cost linear fresnel solar concentrator." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85762.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study describes the design and construction of a low-cost linear Fresnel solar concentrator. Ray-trace simulation models that analyse optical performance were developed and then used to perform sensitivity analyses of various characteristics of linear Fresnel concentrators. The design of a small-scale concentrator was optimised using the simulation models, after which the concentrator was constructed in the solar laboratory. The concentrator consists of a single-motor tracking system, flat primary mirrors and a low-cost secondary concentrator that approximates a compound parabolic concentrator. Testing revealed satisfactory performance that was comparable to the simulation models’ prediction. The construction of a low-cost solar concentrator that can replace existing thermal sources for the generation of power and process heat is thus achievable.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwerp en konstruksie van 'n laekoste- lineêre Fresnel-sonkonsentreerder word in hierdie studie beskryf. Stralingsimulasiemodelle wat optiese werksverrigting analiseer is ontwikkel en gebruik om sensitiwiteitsanalises van die verskillende eienskappe van lineêre Fresnel-konsentreerders te doen. Die modelle is verder gebruik om die ontwerp van 'n kleinskaalse konsentreerder te optimeer, waarna die konsentreerder in die sonlaboratorium gebou is. Die konsentreerder bestaan uit 'n enkelmotorvolgingstelsel, plat primêre spieëls en 'n laekoste- sekondêre konsentreerder soortgelyk aan 'n saamgestelde, paraboliese konsentreerder. Toetsing dui bevredigende werksverrigting aan, vergelykbaar met wat die simulasiemodelle voorspel het. Dit is dus moontlik om 'n laekoste-sonkonsentreerder wat bestaande termiese bronne vir kragopwekking en proseshittegenerasie kan vervang, daar te stel.

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Sellami, Nazmi. "Design and characterisation of a novel translucent solar concentrator." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2678.

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This thesis begins with an investigation into the optical performances of the Crossed Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CCPC) for photovoltaic application and introduces the novel concept of a Translucent Integrated Concentrated Photovoltaic (TICPV). The use of solar concentrators in BIPV enables a reduction in the cost of generating photovoltaic electricity lending to yet another field of research known as Building Integrated Concentrated Photovoltaics (BICPV). The potential of BICPV as the most promising technologies for future electricity supply is examined by the design, optimisation and testing of the main component of the TICPV, a novel static nonimaging transparent 3-D concentrator coined the Square Elliptical Hyperboloid (SEH), for the use in building fenestrations. The SEH concentrator was designed and optimised via ray-tracing technique. A preliminary investigation into the optical efficiencies of 160 SEH concentrators of varying geometries was conducted and from this 20 concentrators were chosen and studied in more detail using the developed optical model with the aim of obtaining an optimised SEH concentrator out of these 20. The optimisation process proved to be far from straightforward, however, after careful consideration, five SEH concentrators with the best optical performances, each with different heights, were chosen. These concentrators were fabricated and used to assemble five separate TICPV modules. Subsequent to carrying out the simulation, the five optimised TICPV modules were examined in different environments (indoor and outdoor). The results of the indoor test, where the TICPV modules are exposed to direct radiation from a solar simulator, provided clear validation of the optical model; the results of the outdoor test added further to the validation and confirmed the power output of the TICPV modules when exposed to both direct and diffuse radiations. The TICPV modules are developed in a way such that they collect sunlight during most of the hours throughout the day, allowing the generation of electrical power whilst maintaining the level of transparency of the fenestration. It was found that the TICPV modules are capable of saving more than 60% of the solar cells used in conventional flat PV systems. The designed TICPV modules simultaneously provide solar energy generation and optimised day lighting. The TICPV module designed in this thesis provides a viable solution to coping with the increasing energy demands and will create a new age of energy efficient buildings reducing the carbon footprint of both existing buildings and buildings of the future.

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Shanks, Katie May Agnes. "Identification and development of novel optics for concentrator photovoltaic applications." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/27935.

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Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems are a key step in expanding the use of solar energy. Solar cells can operate at increased efficiencies under higher solar concentration and replacing solar cells with optical devices to capture light is an effective method of decreasing the cost of a system without compromising the amount of solar energy absorbed. CPV systems are however still in a stage of development where new designs, methods and materials are still being created in order to reach a low levelled cost of energy comparable to standard silicon based photovoltaic (PV) systems. This work outlines the different types of concentration photovoltaic systems, their various design advantages and limitations, and noticeable trends. Comparisons on materials, optical efficiency and optical tolerance (acceptance angle) are made in the literature review as well as during theoretical and experimental investigations. The subject of surface structure and its implications on concentrator optics has been discussed in detail while highlighting the need for enhanced considerations towards material and hence the surface quality of optics. All of the findings presented contribute to the development of higher performance CPV technologies. Specifically high and ultrahigh concentrator designs and the accompanied need for high accuracy high quality optics has been supported. A simulation method has been presented which gives attention to surface scattering which can decrease the optical efficiency by 10-40% (absolute value) depending on the material and manufacturing method. New plastic optics and support structures have been proposed and experimentally tested including the use of a conjugate refractive-reflective homogeniser (CRRH). The CRRH uses a reflective outer casing to capture any light rays which have failed total internal reflection (TIR) due to non-ideal surface topography. The CRRH was theoretically simulated and found to improve the optical efficiency of a cassegrain concentrator by a maximum of 7.75%. A prototype was built and tested where the power output increase when utilising the CRRH was a promising 4.5%. The 3D printed support structure incorporated for the CRRH however melted under focused light, which reached temperatures of 226.3°C, when tested at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras in Chennai India. The need for further research into prototyping methods and materials for novel optics was also demonstrated as well as the advantages of broadening CPV technology into the fields of biomimicry. The cabbage white butterfly was proven to concentrate light onto its thorax using its highly reflective and lightweight wings in a basking V-shape not unlike V-trough concentrators. These wings were measured to have a unique structure consisting of ellipsoidal pterin beads aligned in ladder like structures on each wing scale which itself is then tiled in a roof like pattern on the wing. Such structures of a reflective material may be the answer to lightweight materials capable of increasing the power to weight ratio of CPV technology greatly. Experimental testing of the large cabbage white wings with a silicon solar cell confirmed a 17x greater power to weight ratio in comparison to the same set up with reflective film instead of the wings. An ultrahigh design was proposed taking into account manufacturing considerations and material options. The geometrical design was of 5800x of which an optical efficiency of either ~75% with state of the art optics should produce and effective concentration of ~4300x. Relatively standard quality optics on the other hand should give an optical efficiency of ~55% and concentration ratio ~3000x. A prototype of the system is hypothesised to fall between these two predictions. Ultrahigh designs can be realised if the design process is as comprehensive as possible, considering materials, surface structure, component combinations, anti-reflective coatings, manufacturing processes and alignment methods. Most of which have been addressed in this work and the accompanied articles. Higher concentration designs have been shown to have greater advantages in terms of the environmental impact, efficiency and cost effectiveness. But these benefits can only be realised if designs take into account the aforementioned factors. Most importantly surface structure plays a big role in the performance of ultrahigh concentrator photovoltaics. One of the breakthroughs for solar concentrator technology was the discovery of PMMA and its application for Fresnel lenses. It is hence not an unusual notion that further breakthroughs in the optics for concentrator photovoltaic applications will be largely due to the development of new materials for its purpose. In order to make the necessary leaps in solar concentrator optics to efficient cost effective PV technologies, future novel designs should consider not only novel geometries but also the effect of different materials and surface structures. There is still a vast potential for what materials and hence surface structures could be utilised for solar concentrator designs especially if inspiration is taken from biological structures already proven to manipulate light.

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Shaheen, Momtaz. "Analytical model of an n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cell." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539622.

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Concentrator solar cells operate under the conditions of non-uniform illumination and varying spectral content of incident sunlight. To predict the performance of such cells, an analytical model must account for varying carrier photogeneration rates within the cell. Further, the back surface junction fabricated to reduce recombination at the back contact must be included in the analysis.Most models of n+-p-p+ cells assume uniform generation rates within individual layers. In this study, a one-dimensional n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cell is modeled for all levels of illumination of incident sunlight. The photocarrier generation rate is considered as non-uniform in each layer of the cell. An absorption model is incorporated to permit the application for various spectral mixes of incident sunlight. The model also includes the effects of finite surface recombination velocities at the surfaces. Carrier transport equations for the three layers of the cell are developed and solved for the excess carrier concentrations under the assumptions of the model. Junction current density-voltage relationships for the two junctions of the cell are derived. The use of the current density equations in the evaluation of cell performance is discussed.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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21

Gallagher, Sarah J. "Modelling, fabrication and characterisation of a quantum dot solar concentrator." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407764.

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González, Gabriel J. (Gabriel Joe) 1980. "Design of a compact, lightweight, and low-cost solar concentrator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32813.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references.
The objective of this mechanical design project was to improve the current design of large and heavy solar concentrators. The three main design goals were: making the system compact, making the system lightweight, and minimizing expenses. The main approach to achieving these design parameters was to use the plastic film Mylar in its aluminized form to create a paraboloid serving as a solar concentrator. The scope of design was limited to designing and prototyping the solar concentrator, and neglecting to design and prototype the container in which it should be kept while in its compact form. Two designs-the tube design and the rim design-are examined, although the rim design is emphasized because of its advantages over the tube design. The tube design included a bicycle tire tube serving as the structural element of the solar concentrator, while the rim design utilized a bandsaw blade (without teeth) as the structural element of the solar concentrator. The prototype of the rim design proved to work well as a mirror, although further work, such as improving the seal around the rim, must still be done due to the time frame and resources allowed for this project.
by Gabriel J González.
S.B.

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23

Negreiros, Igor Soares. "Development of a system tracking of solar concentrator prototype linear fresnel." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14016.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Amid the great crisis of the energy, new methods for electric power generation, especially those do not harm the environment, are constantly sought to meet the growing need worldwide. Among them, the use of Fresnel linear concentrators becomes increasingly feasible, due to have lower cost in comparison to other types of solar concentrators. Thus, the project seeks to develop techniques that optimize use of the system where the main objective is to implement and validate the tracking system for a prototype of linear Fresnel solar concentrator, operating between approximately 7:30 and 16:30 in Fortaleza, CearÃ. For that, it used microcontrollers, sensors and motors to design a system capable of tracking Solar light system. The characterization and validation of the inductive position sensor used is also an important part of the work. To perform the tracking system, have been used a theoretical methodology for relative location of the sun, beyond the gain scheduling technique in control of employee movement. The position sensor validation have a maximum error than 0.3Â. Therefore, can consider that, with the use of the techniques employed for the achievement of system of control, the medium error obtained was about 0.06Â, making the design perform the concentration of solar rays in the absorber concentrator with a maximum deviation of 0.5Â, providing the desired reliability for system use.
Em meio Ãs grandes crises no ambiente energÃtico novos mÃtodos para geraÃÃo de energia elÃtrica, principalmente aqueles que nÃo agridem o meio ambiente, sÃo procurados constantemente para suprir a crescente necessidade mundial. Dentre eles, o uso de concentradores Solares do tipo Fresnel linear torna-se cada vez mais viÃvel, devido possuir custo inferior a outros tipos de concentradores solar. Com isso, procura-se desenvolver tÃcnicas que otimizem o uso do modelo onde o principal objetivo deste trabalho Ã implementar e validar o sistema de rastreamento de um protÃtipo de concentrador solar Fresnel linear, com funcionamento compreendido aproximadamente entre 7:30 e 16:30 h, na cidade de Fortaleza, CearÃ. Para tanto, utilizou-se microcontroladores, sensores e motores para projetar um sistema capaz de rastrear a luz Solar. A caracterizaÃÃo e validaÃÃo do sensor de posiÃÃo indutivo utilizado tambÃm Ã parte importante do trabalho. Para a realizaÃÃo do rastreamento empregou-se uma metodologia teÃrica para localizaÃÃo relativa do Sol, alÃm da tÃcnica de escalonamento de ganho no controle do movimento empregado. A validaÃÃo do sensor de posiÃÃo foi realizada encontrando-se um erro mÃximo em torno de 0,3Â. Portanto, pode-se considerar que, com a utilizaÃÃo das tÃcnicas abordadas para a realizaÃÃo do controle do sistema o erro mÃdio obtido foi cerca de 0,06Â, fazendo com que o projeto realizasse a concentraÃÃo dos raios solares no absorvedor do concentrador com um desvio mÃximo de 0.5Â, fornecendo ao sistema a confiabilidade desejada para sua utilizaÃÃo.

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24

Griffin, Paul Robert. "Investigation of quantum well solar cells for concentrator and thermophotovoltaic applications." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267810.

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25

Chow, Simon Ka Ming. "Integration of High Efficiency Solar Cells on Carriers for Concentrating System Applications." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19932.

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High efficiency multi-junction (MJ) solar cells were packaged onto receiver systems. The efficiency change of concentrator cells under continuous high intensity illumination was done. Also, assessment of the receiver design on the overall performance of a Fresnel-type concentration system was investigated. We present on receiver designs including simulation results of their three-dimensional thermal operation and experimental results of tested packaged receivers to understand their efficiency in real world operation. Thermal measurements from solar simulators were obtained and used to calibrate the model in simulations. The best tested efficiency of 36.5% is obtained on a sample A receiver under 260 suns concentration by the XT-30 solar simulator and the corresponding cell operating temperature is ~30.5°C. The optimum copper thickness of a 5 cm by 5 cm simulated alumina receiver design was determined to be 6 mm and the corresponding cell temperature under 1000 suns concentration is ~36°C during operation.

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26

Zhan, Yong. "Analysis of tracking error effects for the Fresnel mirror solar concentrator." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/560271.

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The solar concentration performance of a tracking, flat-base, line-focusing Fresnel mirror was investigated in this study. The Fresnel mirror consists of flat mirror strips situated on a base and oriented at appropriate angles to focus incident light to a desired line. Simple optical ray tracing and energy conservation were used to develop a mathematical model of the concentrator assuming small or zero diurnal tracking errors. The model analyzed the concentrator design and provided detailed expressions for the geometric evaluation of the concentrated sunlight rays in the focal plane above the mirror. The local concentration ratio and the geometric concentration ratio were introduced to describe the intensity profile in the focal plane and the average concentration of sunlight on a target absorber. Included in the model were losses of incident sunlight due to imperfect reflection, nonreflecting portions of the base, and blockage by adjacent mirror strips when imperfect tracking occurs.Based on the analytical model and using the Ada high level language, a computer program was written to simulate the concentrator. To facilitate performance comparisons, a baseline concentrator design was adopted. To study the effects of imperfect tracking, performance data were generated for small tracking errors up to approximately two and one-half degrees. The effects of design variations were studied by varying the concentrator focal length, strip width, and base width.Simulation results demonstrated that the concentration characteristics were highly sensitive to tracking error. Intensity profile shifts relative to the target caused the highest losses in intercepted sunlight.Design decisions were found to dramatically affect the concentration character- istics. For the baseline concentrator under perfect tracking conditions, an optimum focal length was identified. Except for the disadvantage of added costs, decreased strip widths was found to be a way to increase both the maximum and average concentration ratio for the absorber. Using smaller strip widths might, however, critically affect the energy intercepted by the target under imperfect tracking. Increasing the concentrator base width increased the total amount of power in the focal plane, with a higher maximum concentration ratio and additional tailing of the intensity profile.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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Vorster, Frederick Jacobus. "On the characterization of photovoltaic devices for concentrator purposes." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/639.

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This study originated from an evaluation of the performance of a commercially available high concentration point focus concentrator PV system. The effect of module design flaws was studied by using current-voltage (I-V) curves obtained from each module in the array. The position of reverse bias steps revealed the severity of mismatch in a string of series-connected cells. By understanding the effects of the various types of mismatch, power losses and damage to the solar cells resulting from hot spot formation can be minimized and several recommendations for improving the basic performance of similar systems were made. Concern over the extent and type of defect failure of the concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) cells prompted an investigation into the use of a light beam induced current (LBIC) technique to investigate the spatial distribution of defects. An overview of current and developing LBIC techniques revealed that the original standard LBIC techniques have found widespread application, and that far-reaching and important developments of the technique have taken place over the years. These developments are driven by natural progression as well as the availability of newly developed advanced measurement equipment. Several techniques such as Lock-in hermography and the use of infrared cameras have developed as complementary techniques to advanced LBIC techniques. As an accurate contactless evaluation tool that is able to image spatially distributed defects in cell material, the basis of this method seemed promising for the evaluation of concentrator cells.

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Low, Jeremy J. Xu Jian. "A general study of a colloidal quantum dot luminescent solar concentrator." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4775/index.html.

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Abdel-Hadi, Yasser Abdel-Fattah. "Development of optical concentrator systems for directly solar pumped laser systems." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978527569.

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Bakar, Siti Hawa Abu. "Novel rotationally asymmetrical solar concentrator for the building integrated photovoltaic system." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700990.

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31

Ying, Xiaomin. "Statistical ray-tracing analysis of the linear Fresnel mirror solar concentrator." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897508.

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The Monte Carlo-type statistical ray-tracing method was used to investigate the performance of the line-focusing Fresnel mirror solar concentrator. An optical model of the line-focusing Fresnel mirror concentrator using the statistical ray-tracing approach was developed. Many rays of sunlight from the solar disk were selected at random and traced through the concentrator in this model. This optical model permits calculation of the local and geometric concentration ratios. The latter requires an energyloss analysis. Small sun-tracking errors of the diurnal or transverse type were included in the model.Based on the optical model and the Monte Carlo-type statistical ray-tracing method, a computer program was written implementing the model and computations using Pascal. To facilitate performance comparisons, a baseline concentrator design was adopted. To study the effects of imperfect tracking, performance data were generated for small tracking errors up to approximately two and one-half degrees. The selected mirror configuration permitted comparisons between the statistical approach and previous applications of the "extreme ray" analysis for an imperfectly tracking mirror concentrator.Simulation results demonstrated that the concentration characteristics are highly sensitive to the tracking error. The geometric concentration ratio dramatically decreases when the tracking error increases, which is the same as the "extreme ray" analysis. Results of some typical numerical calculations are presented graphically and discussed.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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32

Song, Fengchi. "Luminescent solar concentrator and photovoltaic module integrated system analysis and design." Thesis, Song, Fengchi (2017) Luminescent solar concentrator and photovoltaic module integrated system analysis and design. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/38693/.

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This thesis report presents the analysis and design work associated with luminescent solar concentrators (LSC) and photovoltaic integrated systems in microalgae cultivation application, which is the dissertation topic of my graduation dissertation in Engineering major, Murdoch University. Around the main topic of LSCs, a few relevant studies have been carried out in sequence. To start with, the contents focus on brief introduction and theoretical analysis and they act as the foundation of the whole analysis. Therefore, the majority works of this part of analysis are finished by looking through literature works; a significant number of relevant articles are cited here. Afterwards, the data from experiment is expressed and presented. From the experiment’s data, the two specimen LSC, flat sheet LSC and hollow cylinder LSC can emit fluorescent light at bottoms up to 6.9 times and 1.85 times stronger than coinstantaneous sunlight illumination respectively. Moreover, when the sample photovoltaic cell is receiving the concentrated fluorescent light from the two LSCs, the cell can produce up to 4mW power from flat sheet LSC emission light irradiance and 13.5mW from tubular LSC emission irradiance. Another major achievement of this project is that an integrated system has been designed, which has the ability to supply the power requirement entirely by itself.

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33

Khonkar, Hussam. "A novel design of a compound parabolic concentrator with dual-cavity." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363842.

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34

Barbosa, Erilson de Sousa. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle de baixo custo para rastreamento de concentradores cilÃndrico-parabÃlicos." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3507.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Um concentrador solar parabÃlico Ã um tipo de refletor usado para aumentar a intensidade da radiaÃÃo em uma superfÃcie. Para que ocorra a reflexÃo adequada da radiaÃÃo solar, o refletor parabÃlico deve constantemente rastrear a posiÃÃo do sol de tal forma que os raios solares sejam refletidos em um tubo que se encontra na posiÃÃo de foco da parÃbola. A proposta deste trabalho Ã desenvolver um sistema eletrÃnico de controle de baixo custo para concentradores parabÃlicos aplicados Ã refrigeraÃÃo e proporcionar autonomia ao equipamento. TambÃm Ã apresentado um sistema mecÃnico para acionamento do rastreador. Por ser parte de um sistema de refrigeraÃÃo, o tubo colocado no foco da parÃbola deve sofrer processos de aquecimento e resfriamento. O sistema Ã constituÃdo de uma placa de controle com um microcontrolador em seu nÃcleo, sensores de luminosidade e sensores limitadores de movimento e um motor de passo responsÃvel pelo acionamento da estrutura mÃvel do concentrador solar. AtravÃs do sistema desenvolvido, pode-se fazer com que sejam atingidas temperaturas em torno de 180ÂC na superfÃcie externa do tubo coletor colocado na posiÃÃo de foco da parÃbola
A parabolic solar concentrator is a type of reflector utilized to increase the radiation intensity on a surface. In order to have a proper reflection of solar radiation, the parabolic reflector should constantly track the sunâs position so that solar rays are converged to a tube that is at the focus position of the parabola. The purpose of this study is to develop an electronic control system for low-cost parabolic trough concentrators applied to refrigeration process, and to provide autonomy to the equipment. It also is presented a mechanical system to guide the tracker. As part of a refrigeration device, the tube placed at the parabolaâs focus should experiment heating and cooling processes. The electronic system consists of a control plate with a microprocessor at its core, motion limiting and light sensors, and a step motor responsible for move the solar concentrator structure. Through this developed system, temperatures close to 180oC can be reached on external surface of the heat adsorption tube, which is placed on the position of parabolaâs focus

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El, Mouedden Yamna. "Lifetime and efficiency improvement of organic luminescent solar concentrators for photovoltaic applications." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1779.

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In order to achieve the goal of zero net-energy consumption in residential and commercial buildings, substantial research has been devoted to developing methods for energy harvesting from window glass that is capable of passing visible light through the windows of buildings while converting the unwanted invisible solar radiation into electricity. Research has focussed on two particular aspects, namely (i) the integration of thin-film technology for solar radiation transmission control and (ii) light guiding structures for solar radiation routing towards the edges of the glass window. Recently, photovoltaic (PV) solar cells have been investigated and promoted as products for converting solar energy into electricity. Due to the increased demand for renewable energy sources, the manufacture of PV panels’ arrays has advanced considerably. However, they cannot compete with fossil fuel or nuclear energy, due to the high cost of inorganic solar cells and their low power conversion efficiency (PCE). To lower the cost per installed capacity ($/Watt) and to use the complete solar spectrum, new PV technologies have been developed, such as solar concentrators. Among the many kinds of concentrators, luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have significant industry application potential. Materials used in LSCs are inexpensive, the solar cell size is reduced and no tracking of the sun is required. In an LSC, the incident sunlight is absorbed by luminescent species, such as fluorescent dyes, quantum dots or rare-earth ion embedded in the active layer (organic or inorganic), which re-emits light in random directions usually at longer wavelengths. In an ideal LSC, all the re-emitted light can be routed towards the edges, where the attached small-area solar cells harvest the light and convert it into electricity. In this thesis, several contributions are made toward the development of organic LSCs. The first contribution is related to the design and development of multilayer thin film structures containing dielectric and metal layers, using physical vapour deposition, for the control of thermal and solar radiation propagated through glass windows. Measured transmittance spectra for the developed thin-film structures are in excellent agreement with simulation results. For the second contribution, a cost-effective, long-life-time organic LSC device with UV epoxy as a waveguide layer doped by two organic materials is developed. A PCE as high as 5.3% and a device lifetime exceeding 1.0×105 hrs are experimentally achieved. The third contribution of the thesis is the development of a general method for encapsulating organic LSCs, based on employing three optically transparent layers, (i) an encapsulating epoxy layer and (ii) two insulating SiO2 layers that prevent the dye dissolving into the epoxy layer. The encapsulated organic LSCs demonstrate an ultra-long lifetime of ~ 3.0×104 hrs and 60% transparency when operated in an ambient environment, of around 5 times longer than that of organic LSCs without encapsulation. Finally, the last contribution of the thesis is the development of a new LSC architecture that mitigates the reabsorption loss typically encountered in LSCs. Experimental results demonstrate significant reduction in photon reabsorption, leading to a 21% increase in PCE, in comparison with conventional LSCs.

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Coughenour, Blake Michael. "Photovoltaic concentrator optical system design| Solar energy engineering from physics to field." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3619002.

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This dissertation describes the design, development, and field validation of a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) solar energy system. The challenges of creating a highly efficient yet low-cost system architecture come from many sources. The solid-state physics of photovoltaic devices present fundamental limits to photoelectron conversion efficiency, while the electrical and thermal characteristics of widely available materials limit the design arena. Furthermore, the need for high solar spectral throughput, evenly concentrated sunlight, and tolerance to off-axis pointing places strict illumination requirements on the optical design. To be commercially viable, the cost associated with all components must be minimized so that when taken together, the absolute installed cost of the system in kWh is lower than any other solar energy method, and competitive with fossil fuel power generation.

The work detailed herein focuses specifically on unique optical design and illumination concepts discovered when developing a viable commercial CPV system. By designing from the ground up with the fundamental physics of photovoltaic devices and the required system tolerances in mind, a select range of optical designs are determined and modeled. Component cost analysis, assembly effort, and development time frame further influence design choices to arrive at a final optical system design.

When coupled with the collecting mirror, the final optical hardware unit placed at the focus generates more than 800W, yet is small and lightweight enough to hold in your hand. After fabrication and installation, the completed system's illumination, spectral, and thermal performance is validated with on-sun operational testing.

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Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle. "Two-dimensional analytical model of an n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cell." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/560283.

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A successful model that could accurately predict the performances of n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cells should include a model of carrier photogeneration rates consistent with the spectral content of the incident light. Furthermore, a finite back surface recombination velocity should be considered since new techniques such as 'Back Surface Field' were developed to reduce the recombination rate at the rear of the cell.In the present work, a two-dimensional concentrator solar cell is modeled for low levels of injection. The model however, assumes an incident light containing one single wavelength. The incident light is assumed to decrease linearly from the center of the illuminated area until it vanishes at the edges of the cell. Finite recombination velocities are taken into account at the front and the back surfaces. Finite-width space charge regions are also included. The transport equations are solved for the carrier concentrations in different regions of the cell. The current density expressions are derived. The generation of theoretical current voltage characteristics is outlined. However, the use of these characteristics to predict cell performances is left for further research.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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Ramos, Filho Ricardo Eug?nio Barbosa. "An?lise de desempenho de um fog?o solar constru?do a partir de sucatas de antena de tv." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15647.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoEBRF_DISSERT.pdf: 4014057 bytes, checksum: 4ee7665398e3d4e0b140690a65f6b5c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Given the growing environmental crisis caused by degradation, mainly due to the use of polluting energy sources, increasing the growing use of renewable energies worldwide, with emphasis on solar energy, an abundant supply and available to everyone, which can be harnessed in several ways: electricity generation; dehydration of food; heating, disinfection and distillation and cooking. The latter has as its primary feature the viability of clean, renewable energy for society, combating ecological damage caused by large-scale use of firewood for cooking foods, use in tropical countries with high solar radiation, and has funding NGOs throughout the world with the goal of achieving low-income population. The proposed project consists of a solar cooker for concentration, working from the reflection of sunlight by a hub that they converge to a focal point at the bottom of the pot, getting lots of heat. The solar cooker under study consists of two elliptical reflecting parabolas made from the recycling of scrap TV antenna, having 0.29 m? of surface area for each antenna, which were covered by multiple mirrors of 2 mm thick and mounted on a metal structure, with correction for the mobility of the apparent movement of the sun. This structure was built with the recycling of scrap metal, possessing a relatively low cost compared with other solar cookers, around US$ 50.00. This cost becomes negligible, since that will involve a great benefit to not have fuel costs for each meal, unlike the use of gas or firewood for cooking food. The tests show that the cooker has reached the maximum temperature of 740 ? C, for boiling water in an average time of 28 minutes, cooking various types of foods such as potatoes, rice and pasta in an average time of 45 minutes and still going as a solar oven, making pizza baking and meat. These cooking times do not differ much from the cooking times on a gas stove, it becomes the solar cooker as a good consumer acceptance, and furthermore not to deliver the same gases that can poison the food as with the wood stove. Proves the viability of using the stove to cook or bake in two daily meals for a family, still presenting a position to improve his performance with the addition of new materials, equipment and techniques
Diante da crescente crise ambiental provocada pela degrada??o, principalmente devido ao uso de fontes energ?ticas poluentes, cada vez mais, vem crescendo o uso de energias renov?veis em todo o mundo, tendo destaque para a energia solar, uma fonte abundante e dispon?vel a todos, que pode ser aproveitada de diversas maneiras como: gera??o de eletricidade; desidrata??o de alimentos; aquecimento, desinfec??o e destila??o de ?gua e coc??o. Este ?ltimo tem como aspecto primordial a viabiliza??o de energia limpa e renov?vel para a sociedade, combatendo os danos ecol?gicos causados pela utiliza??o em larga escala de lenha para o cozimento de alimentos, tendo utiliza??o em pa?ses tropicais com altos ?ndices de radia??o solar, possuindo financiamento de ONGS por todo o mundo com objetivo de atingir a popula??o de baixa renda. O projeto proposto consta de um fog?o solar ? concentra??o, funcionando a partir da reflex?o dos raios solares por um concentrador que converge os mesmos para um ponto focal no fundo da panela, recebendo grande quantidade de calor. O fog?o solar em estudo ? composto por duas par?bolas refletoras de forma el?ptica feitas a partir do reaproveitamento de sucatas de antena de TV, possuindo 0,29 m? de ?rea superficial para cada antena, que foram cobertas por m?ltiplos espelhos de 2 mm de espessura e montadas em uma estrutura met?lica com mobilidade para a corre??o do movimento aparente do sol. Esta estrutura foi constru?da com o reaproveitamento de sucata, possuindo um custo relativamente baixo, quando comparado com outros fog?es solares, em torno R$ 100,00. Este custo torna-se insignificante, uma vez que promover? um grande benef?cio em n?o possuir gastos com combust?vel para cada refei??o, diferente do uso do g?s ou de lenha para cozinhar alimentos. Os ensaios mostram que o fog?o chegou ? temperatura m?xima de 740?C, realizando a ebuli??o de ?gua em um tempo m?dio de 28 minutos, cozinhando diversos tipos de alimentos, como batata, arroz e macarr?o em um tempo m?dio de 45 minutos e ainda funcionando como forno solar, realizando o assamento de pizza e carnes. Esses tempos de cozimento n?o diferem muito dos tempos de cozimento em um fog?o ? g?s, fato que obt?m ao fog?o solar uma boa receptividade aos consumidores, al?m do mesmo n?o emitir gases que podem intoxicar os alimentos como no caso do fog?o a lenha. Comprova-se a viabilidade da utiliza??o do fog?o para cozinhar ou assar em duas refei??es di?rias para uma fam?lia, apresentando ainda condi??es de melhorar sua performance com adi??o de novos materiais, equipamentos e t?cnicas

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Sotte, Marco. "Design, test and mathematical modeling of parabolic trough solar collectors." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242075.

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La radiazione solare alla sua origine è una fonte di energetica ad alta exergia: il sole ha un’irradianza pari a 63 MW/m2. Ma all’arrivo sulla superficie terrestre questo flusso diminuisce drasticamente. Per questa ragione, quando si necessita di elevate temperature o elevate exergie si adottano sistemi solari a concentrazione. Fra tutte le possibili geometrie i concentratori solari parabolici assiali sono di gran lunga la tecnologia più adottata. Un campo di utilizzo dei PTC (parabolic trough collectors) è quello del calore destinato ai processi industriali: questa applicazione ha un elevatissimo potenziale anche alle latitudini dell’Europa centro-‐meridionale. Nella presente tesi sono discussi i risultati di un progetto di ricerca (PTC.project) per lo studio dei PTC applicati alla domanda di calore dei processi industriali o di altre utenze nell’intervallo di temperatura fra 80 e 250 °C. Sono descritti la progettazione e la realizzazione di due prototipi di PTC, con informazioni complete riguardo alle caratteristiche geometriche, ai materiali e ai processi produttivi. Successivamente sono illustrati i risultati di test preliminari sui prototipi, assieme alle caratteristiche di un banco per il test di apparati solari a temperature comprese fra 10 e 150 °C. E’ poi esposto il modello matematico sviluppato per descrivere l’efficienza ottica e termica dei concentratori, completo delle routine per il calcolo della posizione del sole. Infine è esposto un ambiente per la simulazione dell’esercizio annuale di un campo di concentratori accoppiato ad uno specifico profilo di domanda termica. I risultati suggeriscono lo sviluppo di questa tecnologia nel panorama delle fonti di energia rinnovabile che dovranno essere adottate per raggiungere gli obiettivi energetici ed ambientali fissati in vari contesti internazionali. Ma saranno necessari forti investimenti se si vorrà imprimere un’accelerazione allo sviluppo dei PTC e delle tecnologie solari termiche in genere.
Solar radiation at its origin is a high-exergy energy source: the Sun has an irradiance of about 63 MW/m2. But on the Earth’s surface solar energy flow dramatically decreases. For this reason, when high temperatures or high-exergy need to be reestablished, concentrated solar systems are adopted. Among all possible geometries, parabolic trough collectors are by far the most widespread technology. A field of usage of PTCs is in industrial process heat: this application has a dramatic potential and can be adopted at latitudes like those of central and southern europe. In this thesis the results of research project (PTC.project) for the study of PTCs in IPH and other heat demands in the temperature range from 80 to 250 °C are exposed. The design and manufacture of two prototypes are described in detail, giving complete information on geometrical characteristics, materials and manufacturing processes. Then the results of preliminary tests on the mentioned prototypes are produced, together with the characteristics of a test bench designed to determine PTCs performances with water and heat transfer oil as working fluids in a temperature range from 10 to 150 °C. Then a mathematical model, able to determine the performance of any PTC is described: the model accounts for optical and thermal losses of the collector, and also contains a routine code to calculate the solar position. In the end a simulation environment for annual analysis of the performance of a PTC applied to a specific process heat demand load is presented and the results obtained on a realistic heat demand yearly profile are described. The energetic results suggest that there could be space for this technology in the variety of renewable energies that will be needed to meet international goals in terms of energy and environment in the nearest future. But the experience acquired also suggests that investments are needed if an acceleration on the spreading of PTCs and other CSP technologies is to be realized

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MacQueen, Rowan. "Spectral management for quantum solar energy harvesting: changing the colour of the sun." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11784.

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The study and deployment of solar energy conversion systems are justified on many grounds: environmental, economic, geopolitical, and societal. Collectively, these justifications provide a dynamic and compelling backdrop for the continuing narrative of solar energy. The energy conversion efficiency of a solar cell is set by the design of the cell and by the properties of the incident sunlight. Thus in addition to works aimed at improving solar cells directly, are those directed towards shaping the solar spectrum incident on the cell, prior to sunlight absorption. So-called spectral management is distinct from, but closely related to, solar cells. Two such techniques are documented here. The first, luminescent concentration, downshifts energy and concentrates photon flux within a luminophore-doped waveguide. Problems associated with luminescence concentrators are reported, motivating a novel arrangement of the light absorbing centers aimed at ameliorating lossy emission by induced photon anisotropy. We present the first experimentally-realised implementation of the design. The second portion of work concerns triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC), a means by which sub-band gap photon losses in solar cells can be reduced. We present schemes for tethering TTA-UC absorbers to nanostructured solids in a bid to increase chromophore concentration and UC efficiency. Kinetic studies of these materials are presented. Results show the formation of heterogeneous structures dependent on the chromophore, binding mechanism and scaffold. Solar cell enhancement experiments were used to show the enhancement of a H-passivated a-Si solar cell by a solid-tethered upconverter, producing modest gains in short-circuit current. The action spectrum, a novel photoluminescence technique for measuring TTA-UC efficiency, was measured for two materials, and the results corroborated using rate measurements. The action spectrum is a promising new upconversion characterisation method.

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Čásar, Juraj. "Automatické polohování pro solární koncentrátorový systém." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442541.

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The aim of the work was to create an automatic positioning system, with optics for radiation concentration and a body for its collection, by monitoring the sun across the sky using a camera. At the beginning are introduced the concentrator systems and the movement of the sun from the perspective of the observer. Follows description of the various potential components which requires a functional system. The last part deal with the implementation of selected components for operation as a whole system, verification of functionality by accurate tracking of the sun across the sky and measuring the performance of the concentrator system with automatic positioning.

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Zhang, Nikai. "Planar Waveguide Solar Concentrator with Couplers Fabricated by Laser-Induced Backside Wet Etching." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1384365115.

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Lee, Yeng-peng, and 李儼鵬. "Second Stage Solar Concentrator." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20640338999743655753.

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碩士
國立中央大學
照明與顯示科技研究所
100
Solar concentrator system includes solar concentrator, solar cell and a tracker. Under high concentrator ratio, a bigger acceptance angle will give rise to looser requirements on tracker tolerance. The need for a tracker may even be eliminated when the acceptance angle is sufficiently big. Two-stage solar concentrator can be divided into Primary Optical Element (POE) and Secondary Optical Element (SOE). POE utilizes a Fresnel lens or a parabolic mirror to focus collected sunlight; whereas SOE, a.k.a. Second Stage Solar Concentrator can be a Dome lens, a Fresnel Kohler lens, etc. The Entrance Pupil of the SOE is placed on the focal plane of POE. This combination provides a high acceptance angle. This thesis discusses about designs of second stage concentrator in two different types of two-stage solar concentrator, Telecentric Compound Parabolic Concentrator (TCPC) and Dielectric Totally Internal Reflection (DTIR). A TCPC focuses light onto the receiver through its reflective parabolic surface. In our design, the acceptance angle is as high as 7.9 degree when the geometrical concentration ratio is 100x. A DTIR concentrator utilizes total internal reflection to focus light onto the receiver. Our design, utilizing lens array, has resulted in a system with acceptance angle 3.8 degree when the geometrical concentration ratio is 100x.

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Kuo-Hui, Chen, and 陳國輝. "Concentrator Solar Cell Welding Research." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10822694435234507044.

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碩士
國立勤益科技大學
研發科技與資訊管理研究所
99
High Concentrator Photovoltaic is to use the sun’s rays come together in a small area of improved efficiency and economic efficiency of power generation. If the use of concentrating solar concentrator lens magnification 1000 times. The solar cell module unit cost of electricity will be much lower than the crystalline silicon cell type battery. However ,the process of concentrating the heat due to long wavelength light source of the problem, it will cause damage to high temperature solar cells and power generation systems. Due to the reason for damage to package the maximum negative reasons. Also to inhibit the rate of the condenser to control the temperature, but the drawback is the efficiency of power generation. The fundamental solution lies in improved packaging process. This study was to optimized the best welding by TOPSIS. The use of Six Sigma (DMAIC) steps to define the process conditions and problems. Taguchi method to find the appropriate temperature curve. Finally, thermal cycle testing and validation of product quality. Make the process less than 5% vold. Concentrating HCPV sub-mount units to ensure long-term used, to solve industrial process bottlenecks.

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Lyu, Wun-Sing, and 呂問星. "The Solar Concentrator Using Conic Planes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82652214256762280830.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
光電工程研究所
99
This paper presents an improved version of internal reflection lens (TIR lens) by using conical surface design that can be used as a solar light concentrator. Its main feature is to concentrating the parallel light from the sun on one light-gathering point with shorter height as compared to the traditional TIR lens. There are four reflection planes totally: The first, second and third reflection planes are parabolic planes and the fourth plane is an elliptic plane. The parallel light away from the optical axis can be concentrated on the light-gathering point by the first, second and third reflection planes. The focal points of the first and second reflection planes have the same location as the light-gathering point, and the focal point of the third reflection plane is the second focal point of the fourth reflection plane(ellipse plane). The light from the second reflection plane is concentrated on the light-gathering point (which has the same location as the first focal point of the fourth reflection plane ) by the reflection from the fourth reflection plane. Around the front end, the proposed architecture has a transparent plane and the incident light with directions perpendicular to the plane can’t be penetrated. There is one convex len in the middle of the frond end. The convex len has two planes: one is the spherical refraction surface and the other is the plane refraction surface. The parallel light can be concentrated on the light-gathering point by the refractions at these two planes. There is one transparent plane with spherical shape in the back end of the proposed architecture and the central point of this spherical plane has the same location as the light-gathering point. This is because the light toward the central point of the sphere can’t be penetrated and is converged at the central point of the sphere.

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You, Dian-Siang, and 游典翔. "Planar solar concentrator with circular microstructures." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u88x4y.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
機電工程學系
106
This study is to design a Planar solar concentrator with circular microstructures. We utilized a parabolic structure, which can concentrate the incident onto a light guide plate(LGP) by total internal reflection (TIR), get a higher of illumination concentration. There are two architectures, one is keep 80% but tolerance ± 2 °, another is keep 40% but tolerance + 12°, with blinds design can achieve + 60°.

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CHEN, ZIH-RONG, and 陳自榮. "Design and fabrication of solar concentrator for edge-absorption concentrated photovoltaic system." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94470896005362670133.

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碩士
國立中央大學
機械工程學系
103
In this research, the design of planar solar concentrator (PSC) will be applied to portable charger. Using polymathic methacrylate (PMMA) as the material, and use the characteristics of refractive index to design the planar solar concentrator. Designing the V-shape, and reflection surfaces at different angles in different reflection position. With these reflection surfaces reflecting the light to the side of planar solar concentrator. Using computer software to calculate the reflector surfaces, and use the LightTools to analysis. After the design of concentrator is finished by injection molding, measuring the surface profile. We use the optical microscope as the measuring instruments to measure lead angles, tolerance, and coating reflectivity data. Re-establishing the model in LightTools, and get the result of simulation. For measuring efficiency, the planar solar concentrator (PSC) is placed in solar simulator, and measuring the I-V curve. We also get the real power, and compared with the data of simulation. Finally, a number of PSC to form a module, and store the electric energy to the portable charger to verify the effectiveness of the PSC system.

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Huang, Hung-Chi, and 黃泓淇. "The Best Arrangement Discuss Solar Concentrator Mirrors." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xzmgdz.

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碩士
高苑科技大學
電子工程研究所
103
Because of the poor efficiency on solar cells,the replacement of solar panel from reflecting mirror inside solar concentrator will be our goal of research for this time. We use FRED to simulate solar solar concentrator for visible light owns the strongest energy and that is the main reason we choose the discrete sampling function from FRED to capture visible lights from spectrum as stimulate light source. Furthermore, we apply cutting sphere on solar concentrator and set up 50% covering on mask absorption to decrease solar panel functions and place reflecting mirror around to increase condenser effects via light reflecting. On the process we compare three settings, we found out average placement owns slightly better results than the other two. Also, the result shows the efficiency increased on every single light almost equal to 100% of original reflecting on solar concentrator while applied 7 solar panels.

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Chung, Ming-han, and 鍾明翰. "The Micro-Lens Aray for Solar Concentrator." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rx8ewu.

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碩士
國立中山大學
機械與機電工程學系研究所
97
The energy issue has been gaining a lot of attention in many countries in recent years. Among the kinds of energies, the solar energy is one of the most interesting topics of them. In addition to the fabrication process and raw material, another focal point aims at solar concentrator. This paper shows a new and easy way to increase the solar energy efficiency. We utilize the micro-optics principle to design and fabricate a microlens array of the solar concentrator. With this concentrator, it can enhance the optical absorption on the solar cell. The microlens array concentrator (MLA-concentrator) is different from the conventional concentrator. The MLA-concentrator does not need any electric equipment to follow the sunlight, and it is easy to manufacture. The size is smaller than conventional concentrator, especially. The MLA-concentrator can decrease the reflection of light at oblique angles and increases the second reflection at the interface between concentrator and solar cell, which makes the sunlight uniform. It also has an interesting characteristic which is the pantoscopic incidence. This new-type MLA-concentrator is fabricated by using LIGA-like process, and then it is integrated to the solar cell for electricity generation. Most important, this kind of structure can be combined with all kinds of solar cell. The solar cell with the MLA- concentrator adds the total watt 3.96% in all angle.

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Franklin, Evan Timothy. "Sliver solar cells and concentrator sliver cells." Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149641.

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