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Journal articles on the topic 'Solar radiation; Atmospheric ozone'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Hrabčák, Peter. "Comparison of the optical depth of total ozone and atmospheric aerosols in Poprad-Gánovce, Slovakia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 10 (2018): 7739–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7739-2018.

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Abstract. The amount of ultraviolet solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface is significantly affected by atmospheric ozone along with aerosols. The present paper is focused on a comparison of the total ozone and atmospheric aerosol optical depth in the area of Poprad-Gánovce, which is situated at the altitude of 706 m a. s. l. in the vicinity of the highest mountain in the Carpathian mountains. The direct solar ultraviolet radiation has been measured here continuously since August 1993 using a Brewer MKIV ozone spectrophotometer. These measurements have been used to calculate the total am

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2

Stick, C., K. Krüger, N. H. Schade, H. Sandmann, and A. Macke. "Episode of unusual high solar ultraviolet radiation over central Europe due to dynamical reduced total ozone in May 2005." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 7 (2006): 1771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1771-2006.

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Abstract. In late May 2005 unusual high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation were observed over central Europe. In Northern Germany the measured irradiance of erythemally effective radiation exceeded the climatological mean by more than about 20%. An extreme low ozone event for the season coincided with high solar elevation angles and high pressure induced clear sky conditions leading to the highest value of erythemal UV-radiation ever observed over this location in May since 1994. This hereafter called "ozone mini-hole" was caused by an elevation of tropopause height accompanied with a polew

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3

du Preez, David J., Jelena V. Ajtić, Hassan Bencherif, Nelson Bègue, Jean-Maurice Cadet, and Caradee Y. Wright. "Spring and summer time ozone and solar ultraviolet radiation variations over Cape Point, South Africa." Annales Geophysicae 37, no. 2 (2019): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-129-2019.

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Abstract. The correlation between solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) and atmospheric ozone is well understood. Decreased stratospheric ozone levels which led to increased solar UV radiation levels at the surface have been recorded. These increased levels of solar UV radiation have potential negative impacts on public health. This study was done to determine whether the break-up of the Antarctic ozone hole has an impact on stratospheric columnar ozone (SCO) and resulting ambient solar UV-B radiation levels at Cape Point, South Africa, over 2007–2016. We investigated the correlations between UV in

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4

du Preez, D. Jean, Hassan Bencherif, Thierry Portafaix, Kévin Lamy, and Caradee Yael Wright. "Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Pretoria and Its Relations to Aerosols and Tropospheric Ozone during the Biomass Burning Season." Atmosphere 12, no. 2 (2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020132.

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Biomass burning has an impact on atmospheric composition as well as human health and wellbeing. In South Africa, the biomass burning season extends from July to October and affects the aerosol loading and tropospheric ozone concentrations which in turn impact solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) levels at the surface. Using ground-based observations of aerosols, tropospheric ozone and solar UVR (as well as modelled solar UVR) we investigated the impact of aerosols and tropospheric ozone on solar UVR in August, September, and October over Pretoria. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and tropospheric ozon

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5

Kazadzis, S., A. Bais, M. Blumthaler, et al. "Effects of total solar eclipse of 29 March 2006 on surface radiation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 22 (2007): 5775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5775-2007.

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Abstract. Solar irradiance spectral measurements were performed during a total solar eclipse. The spectral effect of the limb darkening to the global, direct irradiance and actinic flux measurements was investigated. This effect leads to wavelength dependent changes in the measured solar spectra showing a much more pronounced decrease in the radiation at the lower wavelengths. Radiative transfer model results were used for the computation of a correction for the total ozone measurements due to the limb darkening. This correction was found too small to explain the large decrease in total ozone

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6

Nowack, Peer Johannes, Nathan Luke Abraham, Peter Braesicke, and John Adrian Pyle. "Stratospheric ozone changes under solar geoengineering: implications for UV exposure and air quality." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 6 (2016): 4191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4191-2016.

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Abstract. Various forms of geoengineering have been proposed to counter anthropogenic climate change. Methods which aim to modify the Earth's energy balance by reducing insolation are often subsumed under the term solar radiation management (SRM). Here, we present results of a standard SRM modelling experiment in which the incoming solar irradiance is reduced to offset the global mean warming induced by a quadrupling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. For the first time in an atmosphere–ocean coupled climate model, we include atmospheric composition feedbacks for this experiment. While the SRM sch

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7

Huang, Cong, Fuxiang Huang, Xiaoxin Zhang, Dandan Liu, and Jingtian Lv. "The Contribution of Geomagnetic Activity to Polar Ozone Changes in the Upper Atmosphere." Advances in Meteorology 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1729454.

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Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) has significant impacts on ozone depletion in the polar middle atmosphere during geomagnetic activity. It is well known that solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays an important role in ozone generation. Therefore, it is interesting to compare the contributions of EPP and solar UV to ozone changes in the polar upper atmosphere. In this article, we use the annual average Ap index to denote the annual-mean magnitude of the geomagnetic activity, which is closely correlated with the EPP flux, and the annual average F10.7 index to denote the annual-mean magnitu

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8

Tzanis, C., C. Varotsos, and L. Viras. "Impacts of the solar eclipse of 29 March 2006 on the surface ozone concentration, the solar ultraviolet radiation and the meteorological parameters at Athens, Greece." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 2 (2008): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-425-2008.

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Abstract. In this study the variations in the surface ozone concentration, the solar ultraviolet radiation and the meteorological parameters at the ground before, during and after the total solar eclipse of 29 March 2006 have been examined. This analysis is based on the measurements performed at four stations located in the greater Athens basin in Greece. The experimental data demonstrated that the solar eclipse phenomenon affects the surface ozone concentration as well as the temperature, the relative humidity and the wind speed near the ground. The decrease in the surface ozone concentration

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9

Sinnhuber, B. M., P. von der Gathen, M. Sinnhuber, M. Rex, G. König-Langlo, and S. J. Oltmans. "Large decadal scale changes of polar ozone suggest solar influence." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 7 (2006): 1835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1835-2006.

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Abstract. Long-term measurements of polar ozone show an unexpectedly large decadal scale variability in the mid-stratosphere during winter. Negative ozone anomalies are strongly correlated with the flux of energetic electrons in the radiation belt, which is modulated by the 11-year solar cycle. The magnitude of the observed decadal ozone changes (≈20%) is much larger than any previously reported solar cycle effect in the atmosphere up to this altitude. The early-winter ozone anomalies subsequently propagate downward into the lower stratosphere and may even influence total ozone and meteorologi

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10

Jackman, C. H., D. R. Marsh, D. E. Kinnison, C. J. Mertens, and E. L. Fleming. "Atmospheric changes caused by galactic cosmic rays over the period 1960–2010." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 23 (2015): 33931–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-33931-2015.

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Abstract. The Specified Dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM) and the Goddard Space Flight Center two-dimensional (GSFC 2-D) models are used to investigate the effect of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) on the atmosphere over the 1960–2010 time period. The Nowcast of Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation for Aviation Safety (NAIRAS) computation of the GCR-caused ionization rates are used in these simulations. GCR-caused maximum NOx increases of 4–15 % are computed in the Southern polar troposphere with associated ozone increases of 1–2 %. NOx increases of ∼ 1–6 % are

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11

Rowland, F. Sherwood. "Stratospheric ozone depletion." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1469 (2006): 769–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1783.

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Solar ultraviolet radiation creates an ozone layer in the atmosphere which in turn completely absorbs the most energetic fraction of this radiation. This process both warms the air, creating the stratosphere between 15 and 50 km altitude, and protects the biological activities at the Earth's surface from this damaging radiation. In the last half-century, the chemical mechanisms operating within the ozone layer have been shown to include very efficient catalytic chain reactions involving the chemical species HO, HO 2 , NO, NO 2 , Cl and ClO. The NO X and ClO X chains involve the emission at Ear

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12

Herbst, Konstantin, John Lee Grenfell, Miriam Sinnhuber, et al. "A new model suite to determine the influence of cosmic rays on (exo)planetary atmospheric biosignatures." Astronomy & Astrophysics 631 (October 31, 2019): A101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935888.

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Context. The first opportunity to detect indications for life outside of the Solar System may be provided already within the next decade with upcoming missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) and the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey (ARIEL) mission, searching for atmospheric biosignatures on planets in the habitable zone of cool K- and M-stars. Nevertheless, their harsh stellar radiation and particle environment could lead to photochemical loss of atmospheric biosignatures. Aims. We aim to study the influen

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13

Xia, Lili, Peer J. Nowack, Simone Tilmes, and Alan Robock. "Impacts of stratospheric sulfate geoengineering on tropospheric ozone." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 19 (2017): 11913–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11913-2017.

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Abstract. A range of solar radiation management (SRM) techniques has been proposed to counter anthropogenic climate change. Here, we examine the potential effects of stratospheric sulfate aerosols and solar insolation reduction on tropospheric ozone and ozone at Earth's surface. Ozone is a key air pollutant, which can produce respiratory diseases and crop damage. Using a version of the Community Earth System Model from the National Center for Atmospheric Research that includes comprehensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, we model both stratospheric sulfur injection and solar irradia

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14

Harrison, R. Giles, and Michael Lockwood. "Rapid indirect solar responses observed in the lower atmosphere." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, no. 2241 (2020): 20200164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0164.

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Establishing clear evidence of solar-induced lower atmosphere effects is hampered by the small 11-year solar cycle responses, typically swamped by meteorological variability. Strong 27-day cyclic changes are exploited here instead. During the 2007/8 minimum in solar activity, regular 27-day lighthouse-like sweeps of energetic particles crossed the heliosphere and Earth, followed by a burst of solar ultraviolet radiation. Averaging the atmospheric responses at UK sites reveals immediate cooling in the troposphere after the peak energetic particle flux, followed by warming in the stratosphere. R

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15

Kvalevåg, Maria M., and Gunnar Myhre. "Human Impact on Direct and Diffuse Solar Radiation during the Industrial Era." Journal of Climate 20, no. 19 (2007): 4874–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4277.1.

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Abstract In this study the direct and diffuse solar radiation changes are estimated, and they contribute to the understanding of the observed global dimming and the more recent global brightening during the industrial era. Using a multistream radiative transfer model, the authors calculate the impact of changes in ozone, NO2, water vapor, CH4, CO2, direct and indirect aerosol effects, contrails, and aviation-induced cirrus on solar irradiances at the surface. The results show that dimming is most pronounced in central Africa, Southeast Asia, Europe, and northeast America. Human activity during

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16

Jackman, Charles H., Daniel R. Marsh, Douglas E. Kinnison, Christopher J. Mertens, and Eric L. Fleming. "Atmospheric changes caused by galactic cosmic rays over the period 1960–2010." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 9 (2016): 5853–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5853-2016.

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Abstract. The Specified Dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM) and the Goddard Space Flight Center two-dimensional (GSFC 2-D) models are used to investigate the effect of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) on the atmosphere over the 1960–2010 time period. The Nowcast of Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation for Aviation Safety (NAIRAS) computation of the GCR-caused ionization rates are used in these simulations. GCR-caused maximum NOx increases of 4–15 % are computed in the Southern polar troposphere with associated ozone increases of 1–2 %. NOx increases of ∼ 1–6 % are

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17

Nowack, P. J., N. L. Abraham, P. Braesicke, and J. A. Pyle. "Ozone changes under solar geoengineering: implications for UV exposure and air quality." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 21 (2015): 31973–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-31973-2015.

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Abstract. Various forms of geoengineering have been proposed to counter anthropogenic climate change. Methods which aim to modify the Earth's energy balance by reducing insolation are often subsumed under the term Solar Radiation Management (SRM). Here, we present results of a standard SRM modelling experiment in which the incoming solar irradiance is reduced to offset the global mean warming induced by a quadrupling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. For the first time in an atmosphere–ocean coupled climate model, we include atmospheric composition feedbacks such as ozone changes under this scena

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18

Smith, Karen L., Michael Previdi, and Lorenzo M. Polvani. "The Antarctic Atmospheric Energy Budget. Part II: The Effect of Ozone Depletion and its Projected Recovery." Journal of Climate 26, no. 24 (2013): 9729–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00173.1.

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Abstract In this study the authors continue their investigation of the atmospheric energy budget of the Antarctic polar cap (the region poleward of 70°S) using integrations of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model from the years 1960 to 2065. In agreement with observational data, it is found that the climatological mean net top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative flux is primarily balanced by the horizontal energy flux convergence over the polar cap. On interannual time scales, changes in the net TOA radiative flux are also primarily balanced by changes in the energy flux convergence, with th

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19

Wilson, S. R. "Characterisation of <i>J</i>(O<sup>1</sup>D) at Cape Grim 2000–2005." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 13 (2015): 7337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7337-2015.

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Abstract. Estimates of the rate of production of excited oxygen atoms due to the photolysis of ozone (J(O1D)) have been derived from radiation measurements carried out at Cape Grim, Tasmania (40.6° S, 144.7° E). The individual measurements have a total uncertainty of 16 % (1σ). These estimates agree well with model estimates of clear-sky photolysis rates. Observations spanning 2000–2005 have been used to quantify the impact of season, clouds and ozone column amount. The annual cycle of J(O1D) has been investigated via monthly means. These means show an interannual variation (monthly standard d

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20

Aun, Margit, Kaisa Lakkala, Ricardo Sanchez, et al. "Solar UV radiation measurements in Marambio, Antarctica, during years 2017–2019." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 10 (2020): 6037–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6037-2020.

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Abstract. In March 2017, measurements of downward global irradiance of ultraviolet (UV) radiation were started with a multichannel GUV-2511 radiometer in Marambio, Antarctica (64.23∘ S; 56.62∘ W), by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) in collaboration with the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN). These measurements were analysed and the results were compared to previous measurements performed at the same site with the radiometer of the Antarctic NILU-UV network during 2000–2008 and to data from five stations across Antarctica. In 2017/2018 the monthly-average erythemal daily doses fr

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21

Ockenfuß, Paul, Claudia Emde, Bernhard Mayer, and Germar Bernhard. "Accurate 3-D radiative transfer simulation of spectral solar irradiance during the total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 4 (2020): 1961–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1961-2020.

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Abstract. We calculate the variation of spectral solar irradiance in the umbral shadow of the total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017 and compare it to observations. Starting from the Sun's and Moon's positions, we derive a realistic profile of the lunar shadow at the top of the atmosphere, including the effect of solar limb darkening. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo model MYSTIC (Monte Carlo code for the phYSically correct Tracing of photons In Cloudy atmospheres) is used to simulate the transfer of solar radiation through the Earth's atmosphere. Among the effects taken into account are the atmos

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22

Shibata, Kiyotaka. "Simulations of Ozone Feedback Effects on the Equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation with a Chemistry–Climate Model." Climate 9, no. 8 (2021): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli9080123.

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Ozone feedback effects on the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) were investigated with a chemistry–climate model (CCM) by modifying ozone abundance in the radiative process. Under a standard run for 50 years, the CCM could realistically reproduce the QBO of about a 28-month period for wind and ozone. Five experiment runs were made for 20 years through varying ozone abundance only in the equatorial stratosphere from 100 to 10 hPa by −40, −20, −10, +10, and +20%, respectively, after the chemistry module and transferring the resultant ozone to the radiation calculation. It was found that the modif

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23

Ball, William T., Natalie A. Krivova, Yvonne C. Unruh, Joanna D. Haigh, and Sami K. Solanki. "A New SATIRE-S Spectral Solar Irradiance Reconstruction for Solar Cycles 21–23 and Its Implications for Stratospheric Ozone*." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 11 (2014): 4086–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0241.1.

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Abstract The authors present a revised and extended total and spectral solar irradiance (SSI) reconstruction, which includes a wavelength-dependent uncertainty estimate, spanning the last three solar cycles using the Spectral and Total Irradiance Reconstruction—Satellite era (SATIRE-S) model. The SSI reconstruction covers wavelengths between 115 and 160 000 nm and all dates between August 1974 and October 2009. This represents the first full-wavelength SATIRE-S reconstruction to cover the last three solar cycles without data gaps and with an uncertainty estimate. SATIRE-S is compared with the

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24

Perin, S., and D. RS Lean. "The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on freshwater ecosystems of the Arctic: Influence from stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change." Environmental Reviews 12, no. 1 (2004): 1–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a04-003.

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Depletion of stratospheric ozone, the principal atmospheric attenuator of ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation, by man-made chemicals has raised scientific and public concern regarding the biological effects of increased UVB radiation on Earth. There is an increased awareness that existing levels of solar UV radiation have an important influence on biological and chemical processes in aquatic ecosystems. For aquatic organisms, numerous studies have shown direct detrimental effects of UVB radiation at each trophic level. Fortunately, many aquatic organisms also possess a range of photoprotective mecha

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25

Upadhaya, Poojan, Hongbo Du, and Raghava R. Kommalapati. "Meteorological Detrending of Ozone at Three Sites in the Dallas-Fort Worth Area: Application of KZ Filter Method." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (2020): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111226.

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The Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area that experiences high temperature and intense solar radiation falls into the moderate nonattainment classification. The variation in meteorological parameters plays an important role in ambient ozone levels variation. Meteorological influences need to be decoupled from ozone data for long-term trend analysis. Temporal separation of maximum daily average 8-h ozone (MDA8 ozone), maximum daily temperature (TMAX), daily average solar radiation (DASR), and daily average wind speed (DAWS) were conducted using Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter for ozone records at Kelle

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26

Stolarski, Richard S., Anne R. Douglass, Stephen Steenrod, and Steven Pawson. "Trends in Stratospheric Ozone: Lessons Learned from a 3D Chemical Transport Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 3 (2006): 1028–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3650.1.

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Abstract Stratospheric ozone is affected by external factors such as chlorofluorcarbons (CFCs), volcanoes, and the 11-yr solar cycle variation of ultraviolet radiation. Dynamical variability due to the quasi-biennial oscillation and other factors also contribute to stratospheric ozone variability. A research focus during the past two decades has been to quantify the downward trend in ozone due to the increase in industrially produced CFCs. During the coming decades research will focus on detection and attribution of the expected recovery of ozone as the CFCs are slowly removed from the atmosph

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27

Harde, Hermann. "Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO2." International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 2017 (March 20, 2017): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9251034.

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We present detailed line-by-line radiation transfer calculations, which were performed under different atmospheric conditions for the most important greenhouse gases water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone. Particularly cloud effects, surface temperature variations, and humidity changes as well as molecular lineshape effects are investigated to examine their specific influence on some basic climatologic parameters like the radiative forcing, the long wave absorptivity, and back-radiation as a function of an increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. These calculations are used to

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28

Sonkaew, T., V. V. Rozanov, C. von Savigny, A. Rozanov, H. Bovensmann, and J. P. Burrows. "Cloud sensitivity studies for stratospheric and lower mesospheric ozone profile retrievals from measurements of limb-scattered solar radiation." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 2, no. 2 (2009): 653–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-2-653-2009.

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Abstract. Clouds in the atmosphere play an important role in reflection, absorption and transmission of solar radiation and thus affect trace gas retrievals. The main goal of this paper is to examine the sensitivity of stratospheric and lower mesospheric ozone retrievals from limb-scattered radiance measurements to clouds using the SCIATRAN radiative transfer model and retrieval package. The retrieval approach employed is optimal estimation, and the considered clouds are vertically and horizontally homogeneous. Assuming an aerosol-free atmosphere and Mie phase functions for cloud particles, we

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Sonkaew, T., V. V. Rozanov, C. von Savigny, A. Rozanov, H. Bovensmann, and J. P. Burrows. "Cloud sensitivity studies for stratospheric and lower mesospheric ozone profile retrievals from measurements of limb scattered solar radiation." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 2, no. 1 (2009): 379–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-2-379-2009.

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Abstract. Clouds in the atmosphere play an important role in reflection, absorption and transmission of solar radiation affecting trace gas retrievals. The main goal of this paper is to examine the sensitivity of stratospheric and lower mesospheric ozone retrievals from limb-scattered radiance measurements to clouds using the SCIATRAN radiative transfer model and retrieval package. Assuming an aerosol-free atmosphere and Mie phase functions for cloud particles, we compute the relative error of ozone profile retrievals in a cloudy atmosphere if clouds are neglected in the retrieval. To access a

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Vardavas, I. M., J. H. Carver, and F. W. Taylor. "The role of water-vapour photodissociation on the formation of a deep minimum in mesopause ozone." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 2 (1998): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0189-4.

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Abstract. A one-dimensional atmospheric photochemical model with an altitude grid of about 1.5 km was used to examine the structure of the global mean vertical ozone profile and its night-time-to-daytime variation in the upper atmosphere. Two distinct ozone layers are predicted, separated by a sharp drop in the ozone concentration near the mesopause. This naturally occurring mesopause ozone deep minimum is primarily produced by the rapid increase in the destruction of water vapour, and hence increase in HOx, at altitudes between 80 and 85 km, a region where water-vapour photodissociation by ul

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Montornès, A., B. Codina, and J. W. Zack. "Analysis of the ozone profile specifications in the WRF-ARW model and their impact on the simulation of direct solar radiation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 5 (2015): 2693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2693-2015.

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Abstract. Although ozone is an atmospheric gas with high spatial and temporal variability, mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models simplify the specification of ozone concentrations used in their shortwave schemes by using a few ozone profiles. In this paper, a two-part study is presented: (i) an evaluation of the quality of the ozone profiles provided for use with the shortwave schemes in the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model and (ii) an assessment of the impact of deficiencies in those profiles on the performance of model simulation

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Choon Yeap, Eng, Hwee San Lim, and Zubir Mat Jafri. "Modelling of Solar Spectral Radiation in Penang Island on a Digital Elevation Model." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.14 (2019): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27719.

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Interest has been increasingly focused on the studies of solar radiation across the globe ever since people are more concern about energy conservation. Due to the increment of terrestrial application of solar energy, the scientific interest on solar distribution has expanded from broadband solar energy to its spectral distribution. Measurement of solar radiation with its spectral profile provides knowledge for making important decisions involving resources and energy, agriculture and climate. In remote sensing, the measurement of spectral solar radiation is important for sensor calibration and

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Shrestha, P. M., N. P. Chapagain, I. B. Karki, and K. N. Poudyal. "Variation on Atmospheric Transmittance Solar Radiation at Kathmandu Valley." Journal of Nepal Physical Society 6, no. 1 (2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnphyssoc.v6i1.30558.

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The daily solar irradiance was measured using CMP6 first class pyranometer at the horizontal surface of Kathmandu Valley (Lat.:-27.7° N, Long.:-85.5° E, Alt. 1350 m above sea level.) from January to December, 2012 (one year). Monthly mean of atmospheric transmittance is calculated based on different meteorological parameters. The effect of different meteorological parameters as well as physical parameters on the atmospheric transmittance of solar radiation was analyzed. The maximum and the minimum monthly mean solar radiation are found to be 21.32 ± 4.14 MJ/m2/day and 10.93 ± 2.03 MJ/m2/day in

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Čížková, Klára, Kamil Láska, Ladislav Metelka, and Martin Staněk. "Reconstruction and analysis of erythemal UV radiation time series from Hradec Králové (Czech Republic) over the past 50 years." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 3 (2018): 1805–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1805-2018.

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Abstract. This paper evaluates the variability of erythemal ultraviolet (EUV) radiation from Hradec Králové (Czech Republic) in the period 1964–2013. The EUV radiation time series was reconstructed using a radiative transfer model and additional empirical relationships, with the final root mean square error of 9.9 %. The reconstructed time series documented the increase in EUV radiation doses in the 1980s and the 1990s (up to 15 % per decade), which was linked to the steep decline in total ozone (10 % per decade). The changes in cloud cover were the major factor affecting the EUV radiation dos

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Kilifarska, Natalya. "Latitudinal dependence of the stratospheric ozone and temperature response to solar particles’ forcing оn 20 January 2005". Aerospace Research in Bulgaria 31 (2019): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/arb.v31.e01.

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This study examines the latitudinal-altitudinal variations of the midday O3and temperature response to the forcing of the enhanced flux of energetic particles, during January 2005 Solar Proton Event (SPE). We show that short-term response of the stratospheric O3 depends strongly on the latitude and the energy of precipitating particles. At polar latitudes, where the relativistic electrons and “soft” protons are able to penetrate deeper into the atmosphere, we found a reduction of the peak ozone density in periods of enhanced particles’ fluxes. Such a response is widely explained by the activat

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Serrano, A., M. Antón, M. L. Cancillo, and J. A. García. "Proposal of a new erythemal UV radiation amplification factor." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 1 (2008): 1089–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-1089-2008.

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Abstract. This work is aimed to propose a natural expansion of radiation amplification factor (RAF) for erythemal irradiance to consider all solar zenith angles cases together. In this direction, the article analyzes the relationship between measurements of UV erythemal radiation (UVER) recorded at Badajoz (Spain) and the total ozone column estimated by the instrument TOMS/NASA for that location during the period February 2001–December 2005. The new RAF parameter is formulated by power equation using slant ozone and UVER atmospheric transmissivity values. Thus, reliable values of this paramete

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Janjai, S., I. Masiri, S. Pattarapanitchai, and J. Laksanaboonsong. "Mapping Global Solar Radiation from Long-Term Satellite Data in the Tropics Using an Improved Model." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/210159.

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This paper presents an improved model and its application for mapping global solar radiation from satellite data in the tropics. The model provides a more complete description of the absorption and scattering of solar radiation in the earth-atmosphere system as compared to the earlier models. The study is conducted in the tropical environment of Thailand. Digital data from the visible channel of GMS4, GMS5, GOES9, and MTSAT-1R satellites collected during a 15-year period (1995–2009) are used as a main input to the model. Satellite gray levels are converted into earth-atmospheric reflectivity a

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Feister, U., J. Junk, M. Woldt, et al. "Long-term solar UV radiation reconstructed by ANN modelling with emphasis on spatial characteristics of input data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 12 (2008): 3107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-3107-2008.

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Abstract. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are efficient tools to derive solar UV radiation from measured meteorological parameters such as global radiation, aerosol optical depths and atmospheric column ozone. The ANN model has been tested with different combinations of data from the two sites Potsdam and Lindenberg, and used to reconstruct solar UV radiation at eight European sites by more than 100 years into the past. Special emphasis will be given to the discussion of small-scale characteristics of input data to the ANN model. Annual totals of UV radiation derived from reconstructed daily

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Elias, Ana G. "Lower and middle atmosphere and ozone layer responses to solar variation." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S264 (2009): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309992882.

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AbstractGlobal warming in the troposphere and the decrease of stratospheric ozone concentration has become a major concern to the scientific community. The increase in greenhouse gases and aerosols concentration is believed to be the main cause of this global change in the lower atmosphere and in stratospheric ozone, which is corresponded by a cooling in the middle and upper atmosphere. However, there are natural sources, such as the sun and volcanic eruptions, with the same ability to produce global changes in the atmosphere. The present work will focus on solar variation and its signature in

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Damiani, A., M. Storini, M. Laurenza, and C. Rafanelli. "Solar particle effects on minor components of the Polar atmosphere." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 2 (2008): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-361-2008.

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Abstract. Solar activity can influence the Earth's environment, and in particular the ozone layer, by direct modulation of the e.m. radiation or through variability of the incoming cosmic ray flux (solar and galactic particles). In particular, solar energetic particles (SEPs) provide additional external energy to the terrestrial environment; they are able to interact with the minor constituents of the atmospheric layer and produce ionizations, dissociations, dissociative ionizations and excitations. This paper highlights the SEP effects on the chemistry of the upper atmosphere by analysing som

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Kalbarczyk, Robert, and Eliza Kalbarczyk. "Ozone concentration in ground-level air layer in north-western Poland - The role of meteorological elements." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 41, no. 1 (2009): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10060-008-0047-9.

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Ozone concentration in ground-level air layer in north-western Poland - The role of meteorological elements The research aimed at recognising time structure and variability of tropospheric ozone as a function of daytime and nocturnal meteorological conditions, particularly in the spring season (March-May), as well as finding a weather cluster at which the highest O3 concentration occurs. Ozone concentrations recorded every hour during the two years and data on five other meteorological elements: total solar radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind direction

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Delia-Gabriela, Calinoiu, and Paulescu Marius. "Impact of Aerosol on the Estimation Accuracy of Solar Radiation." Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics 60, no. 1 (2018): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/awutp-2018-0010.

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AbstractThe paper is focused on the solar irradiance estimation in clear-sky conditions and an aerosol-loaded atmosphere. Two parametric models developed by our group and three empirical models are tested. The estimates of the parametric models are based on three atmospheric parameters (ozone, nitrogen dioxide and water vapor column content) and the aerosol properties quantified by means of several specific parameters (Ångström turbidity coefficient, single scattering albedo, asymmetry factor). The empirical models contain no inputs for aerosol properties. Data collected from 10 stations were

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Zhang, Zhiming, Jian Rao, Dong Guo, et al. "Interdecadal Variations of the Midlatitude Ozone Valleys in Summer." Atmosphere 10, no. 11 (2019): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10110677.

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Using the ERA-Interim total column ozone data, the spatial distributions of the long-term mean of the global total ozone in summer are analyzed. The results demonstrate that there are three midlatitude ozone “valleys” on earth—they are centered over the Tibetan Plateau (TIP), the Rocky Mountains (ROM), and the Southwest Pacific (SWP), respectively. The interdecadal variations of the three ozone valleys are positively modulated by the solar radiation, and the TIP ozone’s correlation with the solar radiation gets maximized with a two-year lag. The interdecadal variation of the SWP ozone valley h

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Jain, Basanti. "EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3116.

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The abnormal increase in the concentration of the greenhouse gases is resulting in higher temperatures. We call this effect is global warming. The average temperature around the world has increased about 1'c over 140 years, 75% of this has risen just over the past 30 years. The solar radiation, as it reaches the earth, produces "greenhouse effect" in the atmosphere. The thick atmospheric layers over the earth behaves as a glass surface, as it permits short wave radiations from coming in, but checks the outgoing long wave ones. As a result, gradually the atmosphere gets heated up during t

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Bilbao, J., R. Román, C. Yousif, D. Mateos, and A. de Miguel. "UV and global irradiance measurements and analysis during the Marsaxlokk (Malta) campaign." Advances in Science and Research 12, no. 1 (2015): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-12-147-2015.

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Abstract. A solar radiation measurement campaign was performed in the south-eastern village of Marsaxlokk (35°50' N; 14°33' E; 10 m a.s.l), Malta, between 15 May and 15 October 2012. Erythemal solar radiation data (from a UVB-1 pyranometer), and total horizontal solar radiation (global and diffuse components) from two CM21 pyranometer were recorded. A comparison of atmospheric compounds from ground measurements and satellites shows that TOC (total ozone column) data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument OMI, TOMS and DOAS algorithms correlate well with ground-based recorded data. The water vapo

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Feister, U., J. Junk, and M. Woldt. "Long-term solar UV radiation reconstructed by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 1 (2008): 453–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-453-2008.

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Abstract. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are efficient tools to derive solar UV radiation from measured meteorological parameters such as global radiation, aerosol optical depths and atmospheric column ozone. The ANN model has been tested with different combinations of data from the two sites Potsdam and Lindenberg, and used to reconstruct solar UV radiation at eight European sites by more than 100 years into the past. Annual totals of UV radiation derived from reconstructed daily UV values reflect interannual variations and long-term patterns that are compatible with variabilities and chang

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Fadnavis, S., and G. Beig. "Decadal solar effects on temperature and ozone in the tropical stratosphere." Annales Geophysicae 24, no. 8 (2006): 2091–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2091-2006.

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Abstract. To investigate the effects of decadal solar variability on ozone and temperature in the tropical stratosphere, along with interconnections to other features of the middle atmosphere, simultaneous data obtained from the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) aboard the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (UARS) and the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) aboard the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) during the period 1992–2004 have been analyzed using a multifunctional regression model. In general, responses of solar signal on temperature and ozone profiles sho

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den Outer, P. N., A. van Dijk, H. Slaper, et al. "Correcting spaceborne reflectivity measurements for application in solar ultraviolet radiation levels calculations at ground level." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, no. 1 (2012): 61–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-61-2012.

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Abstract. The Lambertian Equivalent Reflection (LER) produced by satellite-carried instruments is used to determine cloud effects on ground level UltraViolet (UV) radiation. The focus is on data use from consecutive operating instruments: the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometers (TOMS) flown on Nimbus 7 from 1979 to 1992, TOMS on Earth Probe from 1996 to 2005, and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) flown on Aura since 2004. The LER data produced by TOMS on Earth Probe is only included until 2002. The possibility to use the Radiative Cloud Fraction (RCF)-product of OMI is also investigated. A c

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Yurganov, L. N. "Surface layer ozone above the Weddell Sea during the Antarctic spring." Antarctic Science 2, no. 2 (1990): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102090000220.

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Ozone concentrations in the atmospheric surface layer above the Weddell Sea during the Antarctic spring season of 1989 varied significantly. Lower levels of ozone were associated with colder Antarctic air masses and higher values with warmer mid-latitude air. The lowest ozone concentration (1 to 2 ppbv) was measured in the centre of a low pressure system. A definite diurnal variation of tropospheric ozone observed during clear days with low total ozone amount (177 matm cm) may be interpreted as a consequence of the occurrence of photochemical reactions under conditions of increased ultraviolet

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Vincent, W. F. "Poles together." Antarctic Science 5, no. 4 (1993): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000446.

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In March 1993 the Atmospheric Environment Service's monitoring network across Canada registered ground-level fluxes of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR) that were the highest on record. This effect was correlated with the spring-time depletion of ozone in the northern upper atmosphere, and AES predicted that the average depletion over Canada could be this severe or worse for the next 15–20 years. These reports heightened awareness amongst the Canadian public as well as the scientific community about the Antarctic ozone hole, and about the most recent UVBR and atmospheric research findings f

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