Journal articles: 'Solenoid Valve'

1

Elmer, K. F., and C. R. Gentle. "A parsimonious model for the proportional control valve." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524739.

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A generic non-linear dynamic model of a direct-acting electrohydraulic proportional solenoid valve is presented. The valve consists of two subsystems—a spool assembly and one or two unidirectional proportional solenoids. These two subsystems are modelled separately. The solenoid is modelled as a non-linear resistor-inductor combination, with inductance parameters that change with current. An innovative modelling method has been used to represent these components. The spool assembly is modelled as a mass-spring-damper system. The inertia and the damping effects of the solenoid armature are incorporated in the spool model. The model accurately and reliably predicts both the dynamic and steady state responses of the valve to voltage inputs. Simulated results are presented, which agree well with experimental results.

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2

Alburger, D. E. "Solenoid pinch valve." Review of Scientific Instruments 66, no. 5 (May 1995): 3388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145513.

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3

Kajima, T., and Y. Kawamura. "Development of a high-speed solenoid valve: investigation of solenoids." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 42, no. 1 (1995): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/41.345838.

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4

Ito, Michiro. "“ADEX VALVE” NEW PILOT OPERATED SOLENOID VALVE." Proceedings of the JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power 1996, no. 3 (1996): 645–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/isfp.1996.645.

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5

Wright, Scott A., and J. Douglas McDonald. "Corrosion‐resistant pulsed solenoid valve." Review of Scientific Instruments 65, no. 1 (January 1994): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144796.

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6

Ye, N., S. Scavarda, M. Betemps, and A. Jutard. "Models of a Pneumatic PWM Solenoid Valve for Engineering Applications." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 114, no. 4 (December 1, 1992): 680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897741.

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PWM (Pulse width modulated) solenoid valves possess the advantages of low cost, high flow rate gain, and simple structure. However, the use of a PWM solenoid valve causes both discontinuity and nonlinearity of the flow rate; this results in difficulties of modeling and of control. This paper presents our work on modelling a pneumatic PWM solenoid valve for engineering applications. Two models are presented: one is the instantaneous mass flow rate model which can be used in the simulation to study the dynamic behavior of pneumatic PWM control systems; another model is the equivalent mass flow rate model which is developed for facilitating the synthesis of pneumatic PWM servomechanisms. An equation for determining the maximum operating modulation ratio of the PWM solenoid valve is also presented. Simulated results using the established models are compared with the experimental results for both the static characteristics of a PWM solenoid valve and the dynamic behavior of a system composed of a PWM solenoid valve and a constant volume chamber.

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7

Liu, Yan Fang, Ming Chong Mao, Xiang Yang Xu, and Gang Shi. "Multi-Physics Coupled Thermo-Mechanics Analysis of a Hydraulic Solenoid Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.102.

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Solenoid valve is complex heterogeneous system involving multi-physics coupling of mechanics, electronics, magnetics, thermotics, etc, whose reliability and life depends largely on the heat generated during the operation. A multi-physics coupled thermo-mechanics model of a hydraulic proportional solenoid valve used in an automatic transmission was built up with the finite element method (FEM), the temperature and thermal deformation of the solenoid valve with different currents under two operating environments was analyzed. The calculated results show that the operating environment and current are important factors leading to thermal failure of solenoid valves. The model has high accuracy because of considering the multi-physics coupling control characteristics of mechanics, electronics, magnetics, thermotics, etc, and so can be used for the reliability design of solenoid valves.

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8

Kajima, Takashi, and Yoshihisa Kawamura. "Development of a High-Speed Solenoid Valve. Investigation of the Solenoids." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 114, no. 7/8 (1994): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.114.769.

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9

Mao, Kai Ge, Xiao Hang Xiong, and Shao Feng Yan. "The Design of Pneumatic Control System for CHT Hydrolysis Device." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1365.

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The working medium of the pneumatic control system is air, which is delivered to each branch pipe through the role of the governing valve , and then the divided gas delivers the compressed air to each solenoid valve and pneumatic control valve. The solenoid valves and pneumatic control valve is connected through terminals and PLC, PLC obtains corresponding signal and makes judgment, conveying signal which is delivered to the solenoid valves and pneumatic control valve to achieve ventilation and breathe action, and finally the gas reaches the cylinder . The cylinder can complete the valve body on and off, so as to realize the pneumatic system of the automatic control.

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10

Lee, DongBin, Peiman Naseradinmousavi, and C. Nataraj. "Nonlinear Dynamic Model-Based Adaptive Control of a Solenoid-Valve System." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/846458.

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In this paper, a nonlinear model-based adaptive control approach is proposed for a solenoid-valve system. The challenge is that solenoids and butterfly valves have uncertainties in multiple parameters in the nonlinear model; various kinds of physical appearance such as size and stroke, dynamic parameters including inertia, damping, and torque coefficients, and operational parameters especially, pipe diameters and flow velocities. These uncertainties are making the system not only difficult to adjust to the environment, but also further complicated to develop the appropriate control approach for meeting the system objectives. The main contribution of this research is the application of adaptive control theory and Lyapunov-type stability approach to design a controller for a dynamic model of the solenoid-valve system in the presence of those uncertainties. The control objectives such as set-point regulation, parameter compensation, and stability are supposed to be simultaneously accomplished. The error signals are first formulated based on the nonlinear dynamic models and then the control input is developed using the Lyapunov stability-type analysis to obtain the error bounded while overcoming the uncertainties. The parameter groups are updated by adaptation laws using a projection algorithm. Numerical simulation results are shown to demonstrate good performance of the proposed nonlinear model-based adaptive approach and to compare the performance of the same solenoid-valve system with a non-adaptive method as well.

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11

Su, Ming, Yu Gang Liu, and Hong Tao Yang. "Study on Adaptive Dual-Voltage Method to Improve the Control Performance of High-Speed Solenoid Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.615.

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It is presented that a new adaptive dual-voltage method to improve the control performance of high-speed solenoid valve and a control device of high-speed solenoid switch valve that could adapt to the pressure change of supply inlet is developed. Based on AMESim, this paper has processed the static and dynamic performance simulation of adaptive dual-voltage method to improve the performance of high-speed solenoid valve. This paper has built an experiment platform of adaptive dual-voltage method to improve the control performance of high-speed solenoid valve, and carried out corresponding experiments. Both simulation and experiment have proved that the method had obviously effect to improve the control performance of high-speed solenoid switch valve and the developed high-speed solenoid switch valve can effectively control the system

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12

Vaughan, N. D., and J. B. Gamble. "The Modeling and Simulation of a Proportional Solenoid Valve." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 118, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2801131.

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A nonlinear dynamic model of a high speed direct acting solenoid valve is presented. The valve consists of two subsystems; a proportional solenoid and a spool assembly. These two subsystems are modeled separately. The solenoid is modeled as a nonlinear resistor/inductor combination, with inductance parameters that change with displacement and current. Empirical curve fitting techniques are used to model the magnetic characteristics of the solenoid, enabling both current and magnetic flux to be simulated. The spool assembly is modeled as a spring/mass/damper system. The inertia and damping effects of the armature are incorporated in the spool model. The solenoid model is used to estimate the spool force in order to obtain a suitable damping coefficient value. The model accurately predicts both the dynamic and steady-state response of the valve to voltage inputs. Simulated voltage, current, and displacement results are presented, which agree well with experimental results.

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13

Mawoli, M., H. N. Yayha, B. G. Danshehu, M. L. Muhammad, and A. S. Bature. "Development and Performance Evaluation of Solar Photovoltaic Module’s Surface-to-Rear Temperature Controlled Valve for Cooling Application." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 17, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v17i1.3.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of the developed solar photovoltaic (PV) module's surface-to-rear temperature-controlled solenoid valves for PV module cooling application. The cooling fluid is regulated by energizing normally closed (NC) solenoid valve with control parameters as modules rear and surface temperatures. ATmega32 microcontroller was utilized as central processing unit with two (2) LM35 as input sensors and solenoid valve as an output device. Each of 2-LM35 temperature sensors were dedicated to measure module's rear and surface temperatures respectively. The measured temperature values were coded as controlled parameters for regulating cooling fluid discharge by energizing a NC solenoid valve. The system was observed to discharge cooling fluid by energizing the solenoid valve under module's surface and rear temperature difference of less than or equal to 1.50C (Ts-Tr≤1.50C). The module's mean surface temperatures of 49.310C and 54.920C were recorded for temperature-controlled PV cooling applications and a standard solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system. The maximum recorded surface temperatures for temperature-controlled PV cooling and a standard PV/T systems were 54.00C and 57.60C respectively. The mean absorber temperatures of 45.510C and 40.870C were respectively recorded for temperature-controlled PV cooling and standard PV/T. The maximum absorber temperature recorded for temperature-controlled PV cooling and standard PV/T were 48.300C and 41.630C respectively. The solar cells temperature is reduced by 5.38% through solenoid valve temperature controlled solar module cooling application. Keywords: Temperature-controlled, ATmega32, solenoid valve, solar module, cooling application.

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14

Xiangyang, Zhao, Xu Wen-bo, and Gang Liu. "Pressure Estimation and Pressure Control of Hydraulic Control Unit in Electric-Wheel Vehicle." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (July 14, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6576297.

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In order to improve the braking performance and safety performance of electric vehicles driven by a hub motor, the cylinder pressure estimation and pressure control of its hydraulic braking system are studied. In this paper, a mathematical model is established for the solenoid valve, a key component of the hydraulic actuator, and the hydraulic and electrical characteristics of the solenoid valve are studied. A state equation is established for the solenoid valve, and the square root volume Kalman filter (SRCKF) algorithm is used to estimate the solenoid valve spool position. The brake fluid flow and brake wheel cylinder pressure are calculated based on the spool position. Finally, a solenoid valve spool position control algorithm based on sliding mode variable structure algorithm is designed, and the brake pressure in the brake wheel cylinder is controlled by adjusting the spool position. Matlab/Simulink-AMESim software simulation and hardware-in-the-loop were used to verify the algorithm. Simulation results show that the brake cylinder pressure can be estimated accurately, and the pressure control algorithm can accurately follow the control target value.

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15

Ding, Wen Jie. "Practice and Analysis of Life Measuring Device for Motor Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1972.

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Motor valve leakage is not easy to detect during using, so it must carry out quality inspection before assembly into gas meter. The quality appraisement of valve mainly relies on switch times before leakage, and pressure difference measurement is better method for leakage judgment. The static pressure leak detection method, reference gas chamber and control program of solenoid valve are key technologies in pressure difference measurement and life measurement. The new type device is designed with hardware and software, such as gas path and pipes, sensor, the solenoid valves of dynamic structure static switching unit, controller, gas pressure regulation system, automatic detection and valve switching process control program etc. Based on support of hardware and software, dynamic flow pipe is separated to static segments which are reference gas chamber and measuring air chambers; and the signal of chambers pressure difference and switch times without leakage are the output result. Switching frequency ratio of solenoid valves to motor valve is 1:5 or 1:10; lower ratio can prolong the service life of solenoid valves.

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16

Chen, Na, Yan Song Wang, Hui Guo, Jie Lei, and Tao Zhang. "A Study on Static Features of a High-Speed Solenoid Valve Used in Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.393.

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Based on the Maxwell equation and simulation analysis method, this paper investigates and retains the optimized parameters of a high-speed solenoid valve, which is very important for electrical unit pump (EUP) diesels. According to the electromagnetic theory, firstly, a three-dimensional (3D) model of the solenoid valve is established, and working process of the electromagnets is analyzed by using both the theoretical method and Ansys Workbench software. In view of the electromagnetic force, furthermore, several parameters related to the solenoid valve performance are considered and their effects on solenoid valve are analyzed and discussed. Finally, the optimized parameters are proposed for the analyzed solenoid valve and proved by theoretical equations. The studied approach can be extended to any other field related to the electromagnetic device design.

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17

Peng, Jun, Xuanheng Tang, Bin Chen, Fu Jiang, Yingze Yang, Rui Zhang, Dianzhu Gao, Xiaoyong Zhang, and Zhiwu Huang. "Failure Type Prediction Using Physical Indices and Data Features for Solenoid Valve." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 15, 2020): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041323.

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A high-speed solenoid valve is a key component of the braking system. Accurately predicting the failure type of the solenoid valve is an important guarantee for safe operation of the braking system. However, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical coupling aging mechanism; individual differences; and uncertainty of aging processes have remained major challenges. To address this problem, a method combining physical indices and data features is proposed to predict the failure type of solenoid valve. Firstly, the mechanism model of the solenoid valve is established and five physical indices are extracted from the driven current curve. Then, the frequency band energy characteristics are obtained from the current change rate curve of the solenoid valve by wavelet packet decomposition. Combining physical indices and frequency band energy characteristics into a comprehensive feature vector, we applied random forest to both predict and classify the failure type. We generate a data set consisting of 60 high-speed solenoid valves periodically switched under accelerated aging test conditions, including driven current, final failure type, and switching cycles. The prediction result shows that the proposed method achieves 95.95% and 94.68% precision for the two failures using the driven current data of the 3000th cycle and has better prediction performance than other algorithms.

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18

Robert Koch, Charles, Alan F. Lynch, and Soon K. Chung. "Flatness-based automotive solenoid valve control." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 37, no. 13 (September 2004): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)31326-5.

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19

Shen, Wei, and Mark Sulkes. "Note: High temperature pulsed solenoid valve." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 1 (January 2010): 016101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3271387.

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20

Li, Wen Hua, and Wen Lin Shao. "Study of Flow Characteristics and Control Circuit on High-Speed Solenoid Valve." Advanced Materials Research 619 (December 2012): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.619.107.

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Through the analysis of the flow characteristics of the high-speed solenoid valve, the conclusions that the PWM signal duty ratio is the main factor affecting the solenoid valve flow is obtained, a new available any PWM pulse signal and control circuit are proposed. Further, circuit schematic is simulated by means of SIMULINK tools in MATLAB environment and Verify its stability. A time-sharing drive circuit is design based on the PWM drive mode. The driver circuit have function which is high-current open, small current maintain. Open current and maintain current of Solenoid valve can be adjusted through this circuit. Therefore, the circuit can adapt to different parameters of the solenoid valve. A wide range of applications.

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21

Chang, Yuan, Guang Yao Ouyang, and Zhen Ming Liu. "Research on Intelligent Actuation Control Technology of High-Speed Solenoid Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 678 (October 2014): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.678.388.

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In order to develop actuation circuit for high pressure common rail injector solenoid valve, the high and low voltage time-sharing actuation control method based on current feedback was researched. A finite state machine tool called stateflow was used to establish the actuation model of solenoid, and the intelligent actuation control circuit was developed according to the model and MCU. The driving current can be adjusted automatically according to “Peak-High-Low” three-stage current, and the circuit can troubleshoot the state of solenoid. Driving Experiments on solenoid and injector were carried out and the results show the good performance of the intelligent actuation control circuit.

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22

Xia, Guang, Wu Wei Chen, and Xi Wen Tang. "A Modeling and Simulation Study on New Type Continuous Variable Damper with Solenoid Valve." Advanced Materials Research 562-564 (August 2012): 1070–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.562-564.1070.

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A new type continuous variable damper based on solenoid valve is studied in this paper. The structure and principle of continuous variable damper based on solenoid valve are analysed. The hydraulic model and mathmatic model of rebounce stroke and compress stroke are established. Then the damping characteristic is simulated in matlab software and is provided a theoretical reference for product development of the damper based on solenoid valve.

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23

Yan, Ling Yun, Peng Fei Wu, and Zeng Xian Bao. "Coupling Simulation and Characteristic Analysis of Pure Water High-Speed On-Off Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (June 2013): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.457.

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The paper introduces the structure and operating principle of two-position three-way pure water high-speed solenoid on-off valve, establishes the mathematical model of on-off valve, obtains performance parameters of electromagnet through Ansoft simulation, imports the performance parameters of electromagnet into the solenoid on-off valve simulation model in AMESim, and realizes the coupling simulation among electromagnetic circuit, mechanical part and hydraulic system, so as to improve simulation precision and achieve relatively correct static-dynamic simulation results of high-speed solenoid on-off valve.

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24

Wenxing, Ma, Zhang Yan, Wang Ruoyang, and Lu Xiuquan. "Shift Quality Analysis of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Automatic Transmission Shift Control Valve." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (May 29, 2015): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010333.

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The structural concepts of Switch solenoid valve and proportional solenoid valve were proposed for the hydraulic shift control system of some hydrodynamic mechanical automatic transmissions. Shift oil pressure of stationary combination valve and proportional solenoid valve was modeled, simulated, contrasted and analyzed by dynamic simulation software in order to study the shift quality of heavy-duty vehicle automatic transmission. The results show that proportional solenoid valve is better to control the characteristic of shift oil pressure, reduce shift shock, improve shift quality and comfort than stationary combination valve. The correctness and validity of the model were verified through bench test, which reflected the dynamic characteristics of shift oil pressure of hydrodynamic mechanical automatic transmission. The results can be used to match the performance and predict heavy-duty vehicle shifting process, and to further lay the foundation for the enhancement of shift performance of the system.

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25

Guo, Bei Tao, Hong Yi Liu, Yang Jiang, Fei Wang, and Zhong Luo. "Adaptive Fuzzy PID Designed for Solenoid Valve Test System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.910.

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The performance of solenoid valve is directly related to the security and reliability of industrial system. This paper presents the design of the automatic test platform for solenoid valve. The architecture of the hydraulic subsystem and the control model of providing precise pressure for testing solenoid valve were built up. A self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller, which can dynamically modify the controller’s parameters by using fuzzy rules presented in this paper, was designed with considering the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic system. Simulation results show that the self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller, which compared with conventional PID controller, can obtain better dynamic performance and fast response.

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26

Rahmah, Fitri, Fitria Hidayanti, and Mutma Innah. "Penerapan Smart Sensor untuk Kendali pH dan Level Larutan Nutrisi pada Sistem Hidroponik Tanaman Pakcoy." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 5 (October 8, 2019): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2019651738.

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Penerapan smart sensor untuk kendali parameter pH dan level larutan nutrisi pada tanaman hidroponik bertujuan untuk memenuhi nutrisi tanaman secara otomatis dan kontinu. Sistem kendali closed loop dirancang untuk mengkondisikan parameter pH pada rentang nilai 6-7, serta parameter level larutan nutrisi pada rentang nilai 18-20 cm. Ketika nilai pH berada di bawah 6, maka aktuator solenoid valve di larutan basa akan terbuka secara otomatis dan mengalir ke larutan nutrisi. Begitu juga ketika nilai pH berada di atas 7 maka solenoid valve larutan asam yang akan terbuka secara otomatis. Solenoid valve menutup kembali ketika sensor mendeteksi nilai pH pada rentang 6-7. Selanjutnya, sensor level ultrasonik digunakan untuk mendeteksi ketinggian level larutan nutrisi. Ketika sensor level mendeteksi ketinggian larutan nutrisi pada nilai 18 cm, maka aktuator solenoid valve pada tangki nutrisi cadangan akan membuka untuk mengisi larutan ke tangki nutrisi utama. Solenoid valve akan menutup kembali ketika sensor mendeteksi ketinggian level di tangki nutrisi utama senilai 20 cm. Berdasarkan data pemantauan pH dan level larutan nutrisi selama masa tanam, larutan nutrisi yang tersirkulasi pada media hidroponik sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman pakcoy. Sistem smart sensor untuk pengendalian bekerja sesuai dengan set point parameter pH dan level larutan nutrisi yang ditetapkan. Tanaman pakcoy terpantau tumbuh secara signifikan berdasarkan penambahan jumlah dan panjang helai daun sepanjang 25 hari masa tanam di media hidroponik. AbstractThe application of smart sensors to control pH and nutrient level parameters in hydroponics plants aims to supply the nutrients of plants automatically and continuously. The working principle of a closed loop control system is designed to stabilize the pH parameters in the 6-7 values range, as well as the nutrient level parameters in the 18-20 cm height range. While the measured pH value is below 6, the solenoid valve as an actuator of the base solution will open automatically and flow into the nutrient solutions. Likewise, when the measured pH value is above 7, the solenoid valve in acid solution will open automatically. The solenoid valve will close when the measured pH values are in the range of 6 to 7. Furthermore, the ultrasonic level sensor is used to measure the height of the nutrient level. When the level sensor measure the height of the nutrient level at a value of 18 cm, the solenoid valve as an actuator in the reserve nutrient tank will open automatically to fill in the main nutrient tank. The solenoid valve will close when the measured level value in the main nutrient tank is 20 cm. Based on the data monitoring of pH and nutrient levels during the planting season, the circulation of nutrient solutions is appropriate for the pakcoy plants. The control system based smart sensor shows works according to the set point of the pH and nutrient level. The pakcoy plants were monitored to grow significantly based on the number and length of the leaves during the 25 days of planting in hydroponic media.

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Li, Ming Hai, and Cheng Guang Zhang. "Research on Simulation for the Solenoid Valve Parameters of High-Power Electronic Controlled Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1847.

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Based on the 16V265H high power diesel engine as the research object, used GT-Fuel and GT-Power to build the simulation model and study solenoid valve parameters such as spring pre-tightening force, moving parts mass and spring stiffness to the influence on engine combustion performance. Through calculation and analysis, we got a set of reasonable solenoid valve parameters. The experiment proved that the simulation model can well simulate the actual operation of diesel engine and the solenoid valve parameters are feasible.

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Ma, Kaiwen, Junqiang Xi, Yanfei Ren, Yanyu Liu, and Fei Meng. "Experimental and numerical validation of a proportional solenoid valve based on the data-driven model." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 43, no. 13 (May 3, 2021): 2912–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01423312211003363.

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Solenoid valves are widely used in mechatronics, robotic systems and industrial occasions. An accurate model is very important for the design and control of a solenoid valve. The dynamical model of the solenoid valve is difficult to obtain due to the complexity of the structure and the interaction of multiple physical fields. This paper proposes two kinds of model of solenoid valve: grey box model and black box model, on the basis of experimental data. ARX model is selected as the basic structure of the grey box model. After clustering the data with the fuzzy c-means algorithm, the overall experimental data is divided into several local linear sub-models, and the model coefficients of the local linear model are obtained by partial least square regression. The overall expression of the model is obtained by combining the local sub-models with membership degree. For the black box model, support vector regression algorithm is used to identify. On the basis of selecting the appropriate parameters, we obtain the black box model of solenoid valve based on data. For the above two models, we carry out experimental verification and error analysis, and compare with the traditional modelling method. According to the results, it can be seen that on the basis of the experimental data, using the data-driven method to construct the model has many advantages, avoiding complex physical analysis, and has high accuracy. The model with high precision will be used in the accurate control and observing estimation of the solenoid valve.

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29

Zhang, Xiang, Yonghua Lu, Yang Li, Chi Zhang, and Rui Wang. "Numerical calculation and experimental study on response characteristics of pneumatic solenoid valves." Measurement and Control 52, no. 9-10 (October 10, 2019): 1382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019866853.

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In order to analyze the response characteristics of the solenoid valve in depth, the flow field of the solenoid valve is analyzed by means of the computational fluid dynamics, and the aerodynamic parameters that are difficult to be obtained by the traditional methods are obtained with software FLUENT. We also set up the mathematical model of the solenoid valve, including the aerodynamic model, the circuit model, the magnetic circuit model and the mechanical motion model. The calculation is completed in the Simulink, and the results of the calculation are analyzed. A set of the solenoid valve response characteristic test system is built, and the response characteristic parameters such as response time and maximum action frequency of the solenoid valve are tested. The experimental results are verified by comparing them with the simulation results. The final result shows that the response characteristics are basically irrelevant to the action frequency at a suitable working frequency. The open switching time of the solenoid valve decreases with the increase in the inlet pressure and the driving voltage and increases with the increase in the number of coil turns. The close switching time increases with the increase in the inlet pressure, the driving voltage and the number of coil turns.

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30

Yang, Yi, Liang Chu, Di Fan, and Yu Ting Huang. "The Research on Flow Calculation Method of the Ball Solenoid Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 721 (December 2014): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.721.370.

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This paper proposes a flow calculation method of the ball solenoid valve, by measuring diameter of the input valve spool, we can estimate the rated flow of the solenoid valve. Aiming at the calculation method, we have built a MATLAB/Simulink model to calculate the valve flow, and we also validated the model by the flow demand of one type of RBS system.

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31

Shi, Wenzhuo, Jianhua Wei, Jinhui Fang, and Mingjie Li. "Nonlinear cascade control of high-response proportional solenoid valve based on an extended disturbance observer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 8 (November 6, 2018): 921–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818807518.

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With the gradually increasing usage of high-response proportional solenoid valve in the middle- and high-end electronic hydraulic system, to possess a superior performance controller is always most important for high-response proportional solenoid valve. Thus, many novel nonlinear control algorithms, such as sliding mode control and adaptive robust control, are researched and applied to high-response proportional solenoid valve. However, the strict condition of full-state feedback usually cannot be met, since there are no velocity and acceleration measurements available in high-response proportional solenoid valve. Therefore, we proposed an extended disturbance observer to observe the velocity of the high-response proportional solenoid valve’s spool assembly at first. Or rather, the extended disturbance observer is designed to observe the disturbances in the model of high-response proportional solenoid valve and the velocity is also obtained as a by-product. And then, a nonlinear cascade controller based on the extended disturbance observer is designed. The proposed extended disturbance observer is driven by both the estimation error and the virtual input discrepancy of nonlinear cascade controller. The nonlinear cascade controller is designed by utilizing backstepping technique. The stability of the overall closed-loop system is proved according to the Lyapunov theory. As a comparison, a desired compensation nonlinear cascade controller is also applied to the same high-response proportional solenoid valve. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed nonlinear cascade controller based on extended disturbance observer has an excellent performance under multiple working conditions. Even when the supply pressure has severe fluctuations, the nonlinear cascade controller based on extended disturbance observer can still maintain high performance.

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Li, Ming Hai, and Feng Jiang. "Effects on Locomotive Diesel Engine Performance by Selecting Solenoid Valve Parameters." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.140.

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Solenoid valve is the key component to determine the performance of electronic fuel injection system for the diesel engine. By theoretically analyzing the characteristics of solenoid valve driver, we found out that one of the factors that affect the closing and opening speed of solenoid valve is drive current. In this paper, GT-Flow software is used to simulate and analyze the drive current, and come to the optimal combination of current. The selected drive current is used to analyze the emission performance of 16V265H diesel engine, to determine the best advance angle for fuel supply, and to compare the simulation results with the experimental values.

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Venkataraman, K. A., K. Kanthavel, and B. Nirmal Kumar. "Investigations of Response Time Parameters of a Pneumatic 3/2 Direct Acting Solenoid Valve Under Various Working Pressure Conditions." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 3, no. 4 (August 11, 2013): 502–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.360.

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In pneumatic circuits, a solenoid valve is a key component for controlling and directing pneumatic energy. The solenoid valve functional performances are defined as response time parameters with respect to its actuations in terms of direction changing time. This paper aims to present response time parameters of solenoid valves under various working pressures. An experimental setup is employed in order to measure response time with reference to the input signals. The response time plays significant role for evaluating the valve performance in sensitive applications. The response time parameters includes the on delay, the off delay, the on time, the off time, the cycle time and the switching frequency. In this experimental investigation the influence of various input pressure conditions is recorded and tabulated. Valves with varying orifice diameter are employed and the investigation reveals the influence of orifice diameter in response time variations. The newly-proposed six response time parameters can be used to rate and select the appropriate valve for various industrial applications.

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TOCHIZAWA, Ikuo, and Yuji MATSUMORI. "SOLENOID OPERATED VALVE CCV FOR CAR CONTROL." Proceedings of the JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power 1996, no. 3 (1996): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/isfp.1996.621.

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Chladny, R. R., C. Koch, and A. F. Lynch. "Modeling automotive gas-exchange solenoid valve actuators." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 41, no. 3 (March 2005): 1155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2004.841701.

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Kaczka, David W., Jacob Herrmann, Bakir Hajdarevic, and Andrea Fonseca Da Cruz. "System identification of proportional solenoid valve dynamics." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 34, no. 2 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2020.10032851.

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Hajdarevic, Bakir, Jacob Herrmann, Andrea Fonseca Da Cruz, and David W. Kaczka. "System identification of proportional solenoid valve dynamics." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 34, no. 2 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2020.110349.

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Yuan, Qinghui, and Perry Y. Li. "Using Steady Flow Force for Unstable Valve Design: Modeling and Experiments." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 127, no. 3 (September 15, 2004): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1997166.

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In single stage electrohydraulic valves, solenoid actuators are usually used to stroke the main spools directly. They are cheaper and more reliable than multistage valves. Their use, however, is restricted to low bandwidth and low flow rate applications due to the limitation of the solenoid actuators. Our research focuses on alleviating the need for large and expensive solenoids in single stage valves by advantageously using fluid flow forces. For example, in a previous paper, we proposed to improve spool agility by inducing unstable transient flow forces by the use of negative damping lengths. In the present paper, how steady flow forces can be manipulated to improve spool agility is examined through fundamental momentum analysis, CFD analysis, and experimental studies. Particularly, it is found that two often ignored components—viscosity effect and non-metering momentum flux, have strong influence on steady flow forces. For positive damping lengths, viscosity increases the steady flow force, whereas for negative damping lengths, viscosity has the tendency to reduce steady flow forces. Also, by slightly modifying the non-metering port geometry, the non-metering flux can also be manipulated to reduce steady flow force. Therefore, both transient and steady flow forces can be used to improve the agility of single stage electrohydraulic valves. Experimental results confirm the contributions of both transient and steady flow force in improving spool agility.

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Pan, Guo Jun. "Electric Scissor Aerial Work Platform Solenoid Valve Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.177.

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Electric scissor aerial work platform generally uses hydraulic cylinder to lift. The decline solenoid valve is an important part of the entire hydraulic system, which usually installed in the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder. The main function is locking hydraulic cylinder to prevent the platform sinking due to its weight, protect workers safety. This paper first introduces its structure and working principle, and then does the experiments such as resistance pollutants, leakage, and a comprehensive analysis of the decline in the performance of the solenoid valve.

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Wang, Er Lie, Hui Yan Chen, Gang Tao, and Yu Hui Hu. "Study on Data Acquisition for Heavy Off-Road Vehicle AT Testing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.765.

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Based on the analysis of the testing automatic transmission (AT), the AT’s solenoid valve control signals conditioning circuits and revolving speed F/V converter conditioning circuits are designed, and the data acquisition system is designed based on virtual instrument. The system is composed of the PCI-6024E data acquisition card, signal conditioning circuits and computer, and the acquisition procedure is programmed in graphical language LabVIEW. Finally, the data acquisition system has been verified on vehicle test bench which loads ZF-Ecomat 6HP500 AT. Controlling signals of switching solenoid valves, duty cycle signal of proportional solenoid valve, accelerator aperture signal, oil pressure signals and speed signals are collected, it turns out that the data acquisition system has good feasibility.

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Yaryta, O. A., M. G. Mychalevych, D. N. Leontiev, V. I. Klymenko, V. A. Bogomolov, I. V. Gritsuk, and Y. B. Novikova. "FEATURES OF CONTROLLING ELECTROPNEUMATIC VALVES OF ACTUATOR TO CONTROL ITS CLUTCH WITH ACCELERATION VALVE." Science & Technique 17, no. 1 (February 9, 2018): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-1-64-71.

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The article deals with one of the ways to control an actuator of the automated clutch control system. The aim is to design control of the electropneumatic actuator, to control its coupling with the acceleration valve on the basis of experimental research as well as to provide rational parameters of the automated clutch control system for the robotic transmission. The feature of the system is an acceleration valve in the design of the electropneumatic actuator to control the clutch. New links demand to adjust the way to control the actuator. The connection of Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) with single power supply pulses to control electropneumatic valves is substantiated. The quantitative characteristics of single control pulses and PWM ones are determined. The error of operation accuracy for various ways of the control of the electropneumatic actuator to control the clutch of the robotic transmission is determined. Obtained separate PWM area is designed to suppress the initial hysteresis when the rod of the clutch actuator is moved. An algorithm for the operation of a clutch control system is proposed, taking into account the use of two modes of operation of solenoid valves. A graphical interpretation of the clutch control algorithm is presented, which gives an idea of the location of the constant signal feeding zones to the solenoid valve, as well as the operation areas of the solenoid valve in PWM mode. The control algorithm of the clutch booster provides a mode of guaranteed absence of excess pressure in the pneumatic cylinder after releasing the clutch pedal, provided that two normally closed solenoid valves are used. This configuration of the electro-pneumatic clutch control system allows the use of an emergency clutch release system in case of voltage absence. The reference algorithm for filtering the array of data coming from the feedback sensor, as well as the numerical values of the delay caused by the presence of a filter, are given.

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PUTCHA, CHANDRA S., PRINCE KALIA, FRANK PIZZANO, GORDON HOSKINS, COY NEWTON, and KUNAL J. KAMDAR. "A CASE STUDY ON FMEA APPLICATIONS TO SYSTEM RELIABILITY STUDIES." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 15, no. 02 (April 2008): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539308003003.

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Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) has been used quite extensively in aerospace industry for several years to establish hardware criticality. Determination of software reliability is equally important. There are several methods for determining software reliability. One methods for performing software reliability is the software FMEA. This paper discusses the application of principles to FMEA. A typical Tank pressurant is considered as an illustrative example. The tank pressurant system consists of three sets of solenoid valves (each set consists of a pair of valves), three pressure transducers, a vent valve, a heat exchanger and helium cold pressure bottles. Each set of solenoid valves consist of two solenoid valves connected in series. For the system to function properly, certain conditions have to be met. These are discussed in detail later in this paper. Based on the information provided from NASA, it is concluded that FMEA has to be capable of determining the software failure modes, effects and criticality as well as the hardware failure modes effects and criticality which includes the pressure transducers, solenoid valves, vent valve, heat exchanger and helium cold pressure bottles. The paper will discuss both the hardware and software FMEA application in detail.

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Wei, Zhiming, Heping Zhu, Zhihong Zhang, Ramón Salcedo, and Degang Duan. "Droplet Size Spectrum, Activation Pressure, and Flow Rate Discharged from PWM Flat-Fan Nozzles." Transactions of the ASABE 64, no. 1 (2021): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.14100.

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HighlightsDroplet sizes, activation pressures acting on nozzle orifices, and flow rates were investigated.Droplet sizes varied with duty cycles, nozzle orifice sizes, and PWM solenoid valve manufacturers.Activation pressures decreased as duty cycles decreased and increased as nozzle orifice sizes decreased.Flow rates increased with increases in both duty cycles and nozzle orifice sizes.Abstract. Pulse width modulated (PWM) spray systems can produce variable spray rates for precision applications of pesticide and fertilizer; however, there are also concerns over their spray performance stability. Droplet size distributions, activation pressures acting on nozzle orifices, and flow rates discharged from nozzles were investigated for test combinations of ten PWM duty cycles (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%), six flat-fan nozzles with different orifice sizes (XR8001, XR8002, XR8003, XR8004, XR8005, and XR8006), and two PWM solenoid valves from two different manufacturers. Test results showed that the droplet size distribution, activation pressure, and flow rate varied with the duty cycle, nozzle orifice size, and PWM solenoid valve source. For XR8001 and XR8002 nozzles, droplet sizes did not vary significantly with all duty cycles from 10% to 100%. To obtain relatively consistent droplet size distributions, XR8003 and XR8004 nozzles required PWM duty cycles of at least 20%, while XR8005 and XR8006 nozzles required duty cycles of 30% or greater. The activation pressure directly on nozzle orifices increased as the duty cycle increased but decreased as the nozzle orifice size increased. In addition, the same nozzles coupled with PWM solenoid valves from two different manufacturers discharged different flow rates for the same duty cycle in the range of 10% to 90%. Therefore, careful selection of PWM solenoid valves for different orifice nozzles operated at different duty cycles was necessary to achieve consistent variable-rate spray performances. Keywords: Droplet diameter, Variable rate, PWM solenoid valve, Pesticide, Fertilizer, Precision farming.

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Ying, Zhi Ding, Yang Chu, Xian Xiang Qiu, Wei Sun, and Yu Long Fang. "Optimization of Supply and Exhaust Stroke of the Electro-Pneumatic Changeover Valve." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 1475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.1475.

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To optimize the supply and exhaust stroke of electro-pneumatic changeover valve (EP valve), a basic structure of proportional solenoid which used in the EP valve is designed, and a computational model of proportional solenoid and EP valve simulation model are established based on the AMESim. Then the electric magnetic characteristic curves of proportional electromagnetic valve and EP valve output side air pressure curves of different supply and exhaust stroke are obtained by simulations. Through the analysis of the simulation results to optimize the supply and exhaust stroke of the EP valve.

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Jiang, Yang, and Hong Yi Liu. "Impact Stress Field Simulation on Solenoid Valve during the Impulsive Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.530.

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The stress field simulation is carried on to the solenoid valve product during the impulsive load using the ANSYS software in this article, and the stress calculation and fatigue strength assessment to the key dangerous section of valve are done. The result indicates that the dangerous section is proved to satisfy the strength requirement during the impulsive load, and the theory basis has been provided for the further structure optimization design and the performance improvement of solenoid valve.

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Rahman, Ramhuzaini Abd, and Nariman Sepehri. "EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON BETWEEN PROPORTIONAL AND PWM-SOLENOID VALVES CONTROLLED SERVOPNEUMATIC POSITIONING SYSTEMS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 1 (March 2017): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2017-1005.

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The performance of the Dynamical Adaptive Backstepping-Sliding Mode Control (DAB-SMC) scheme for positioning of a pneumatic cylinder regulated by two types of PWM-solenoid valves is experimentally investigated. The goal is to study the compromise in controller’s performance as the system moves from using a proportional valve to employing the low-cost PWM-solenoid valves. Sinusoidal and multiple-step inputs are used as the reference position trajectories. Experimental results show that the DAB-SMC scheme works best with the proportional valve. The performance, however, deteriorates by more than twofold, once the system utilizes PWM-solenoid valves of 3/2-way or 2/2-way configurations. From this study, trade-off between performances of different types of valves applied on a DAB-SMC scheme-controlled servo positioning system is successfully documented. This information helps to configure appropriate servo-pneumatic system for positioning applications.

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Du, Heng, Jian Hua Wei, Bo Hu, and Jin Hui Fang. "Multi-Axle Electro-Hydraulic Control Steering System Based on Servo Solenoid Valve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 249-250 (December 2012): 778–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.249-250.778.

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The turning load resistance torque of large wheeled vehicles is very big and these vehicles are all the multi-axle vehicles. It is important to select the suitable steering system. In the multi-axle vehicle steering system, EHPS is the most appreciate driving mode in all of them including MS, HPS, EHPS, EPS, etc. In order to improve the performance of the present EHPS with proportional valve, the new EHPS with servo solenoid valve was designed. The static and dynamic characteristics of servo solenoid valve are much better than proportional valve, such as dead band, hysteresis and frequency response. Firstly, the single-axle electro-hydraulic servo steering system was introduced including hydraulic system and electronic control system. Then multi-axle electro-hydraulic servo steering system with coordination control strategy was introduced. The designed multi-axle steering system with servo solenoid valve makes it possible to improve the steering performance significantly.

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Kong, Yan Feng, Guang Yao Ouyang, Zhen Ming Liu, and Lu Li. "Research on Fast Driving Control Technology of Electric-Control Injector for Marine High Pressure Common Rail Diesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1568.

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Based on the analyses of the current solenoid valve driving circuits in marine diesel, a new type of dual-power double-maintain injector driving circuit is designed for marine high-pressure common-rail diesel. The circuit uses BOOST high voltage (80V) and storage battery low voltage (24V) to make up of dual-power time-sharing driver, which achieves automatic PWM feedback modulation of the solenoid valve injection current from the hardware. Experiments were carried out on a certain type of injector, the results showed that: the driving circuit had fast response time, only 0.045ms from zero to 22A of the solenoid valve current was required; the peak value of driving current has a good consistency, parameters including peakvalue current altitude, lasting time, maintain current altitude and maintain current lasting time could be adjusted flexibly. Besides, the circuit could be flexibly configured without occupying MCU resources.

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Lu, Jian Bo, Yong Li, Jun Bin Xi, and Hong Liang Liu. "Dynamic Displacement Response Characteristics of a Solenoid Actuator for Electromagnetic Separation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.366.

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According to the structure of a solenoid actuator, transient field mathematic model of two-dimension is established. Based on model, relationship between transient current of the coil and the motion of the armature is analyzed. Compared to experimental results, simulated results are proved, which are able to provide theory basis for displacement detection of electromagnet valve and fault diagnosis of valve and system by inner parameters of solenoid actuator. The results show that the rising current characteristic has the change process of increase-decrease-increase, and separating motion time of the solenoid actuator could be estimated to be 20 ms (18 v). The solenoid actuator is pulled back approximately in 8 ms under the action of the spring.

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Ferreira, J. A., F. Gomes de Almeida, and M. R. Quintas. "Semi-empirical model for a hydraulic servo-solenoid valve." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 216, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095965180221600303.

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High-performance proportional valves, also called servo-solenoid valves, can be used today in closed-loop applications that previously were only possible with servo-valves. The valve spool motion is controlled in a closed loop with a dedicated hardware controller that enhances the valve frequency response and minimizes some non-linear effects. Owing to their lower cost and maintenance requirements as well as increasing performance they can compete with servo-valves in a large number of applications. This paper describes a new semi-empirical modelling approach for hydraulic proportional spool valves to be used in hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments. The developed models use either data sheet or experimental values to fit the model parameters in order to reproduce both static (pressure gain, leakage flowrate and flow gain) and dynamic (frequency response) valve characteristics. Valve behaviour is divided into two parts: the static behaviour and the dynamic behaviour. A parameter decoupled model, with a variable equation structure, and a flexible model, with a fixed equation structure, are proposed for the static part. Spool dynamics are modelled by a non-linear second-order system, with limited velocity and acceleration, the parameters being adjusted using optimization techniques.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Solenoid Valve'

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